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Liu X, Lv X, Ji T, Hu H, Chang L. Gynostemma pentaphyllum Makino extract induces hair growth and exhibits an anti-graying effect via multiple mechanisms. J Cosmet Dermatol 2024; 23:648-657. [PMID: 37649302 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.15963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In traditional Asian medicine, Gynostemma pentaphyllum Makino leaf extract (Gp) is used to treat aging, metabolic syndrome, diabetes, and neurodegenerative diseases. Hair loss and hair-graying are common phenomena that haunt everyone. However, whether Gp activities on inhibition of hair loss and getting gray have been rarely studied. AIM Study the Gp activity and mechanism by in vivo and in vitro experiments to explore its application on hair health. METHODS In the present study, we determined the effects of Gp on the expression of hair growth-related genes and proliferation of human dermal papilla cells (hDPCs). Furthermore, Gp was topically applied to the hair-shaved skin of male C57BL/6 mice, and the histological profile of the skin was studied. Because emotional stress may lead to melanocyte disappearance, norepinephrine-exposed mice B16 melanocytes were treated with Gp to elucidate the anti-hair graying capacity of Gp in response to this stress type. RESULTS Gp stimulated the proliferation of hDPCs and the Wnt signaling pathways associated with hair growth; furthermore, the expression of the hair loss-related gene transforming growth factor-β1 was suppressed. Gp treatment significantly increased the size of hair follicles in the treated mice and stimulated them. Moreover, Gp not only increased melanin synthesis but also tyrosinase activity in B16 cells. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction revealed that Gp increased melanin synthesis by increasing the expression of tyrosine-related protein-1, tyrosine-related protein-2, tyrosinase, and microphthalmia-associated transcription factor. CONCLUSION Our study provides preclinical evidence regarding the potential of Gp as a promising hair growth and anti-graying agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojin Liu
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Enzymology and Mechanism of Major Diseases, College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, China
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of the Conservation and Exploitation of Biological Resources, College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, China
| | - Xiaobing Lv
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Enzymology and Mechanism of Major Diseases, College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, China
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of the Conservation and Exploitation of Biological Resources, College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, China
| | - Tiancheng Ji
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Enzymology and Mechanism of Major Diseases, College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, China
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of the Conservation and Exploitation of Biological Resources, College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, China
| | - Haoya Hu
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Enzymology and Mechanism of Major Diseases, College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, China
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of the Conservation and Exploitation of Biological Resources, College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, China
| | - Lei Chang
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Enzymology and Mechanism of Major Diseases, College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, China
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of the Conservation and Exploitation of Biological Resources, College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, China
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Zhang ZL, Li YZ, Wu GQ, Zhang DD, Deng C, Wang ZM, Song XM, Wang W. A comprehensive review of traditional uses, phytochemistry and pharmacology of Reynoutria genus. J Pharm Pharmacol 2022; 74:1718-1742. [DOI: 10.1093/jpp/rgac068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives
The genus Reynoutria belonging to the family Polygonaceae is widely distributed in the north temperate zone and used in folk medicine. It is administered as a sedative, tonic and digestive, also as a treatment for canities and alopecia. Herein, we reported a review on traditional uses, phytochemistry and pharmacology reported from 1985 up to early 2022. All the information and studies concerning Reynoutria plants were summarized from the library and digital databases (e.g. ScienceDirect, SciFinder, Medline PubMed, Google Scholar, and CNKI).
Key findings
A total of 185 articles on the genus Reynoutria have been collected. The phytochemical investigations of Reynoutria species revealed the presence of more than 277 chemical components, including stilbenoids, quinones, flavonoids, phenylpropanoids, phospholipids, lactones, phenolics and phenolic acids. Moreover, the compounds isolated from the genus Reynoutria possess a wide spectrum of pharmacology such as anti-atherosclerosis, anti-inflammatory, antioxidative, anticancer, neuroprotective, anti-virus and heart protection.
Summary
In this paper, the traditional uses, phytochemistry and pharmacology of genus Reynoutria were reviewed. As a source of traditional folk medicine, the Reynoutria genus have high medicinal value and they are widely used in medicine. Therefore, we hope our review can help genus Reynoutria get better development and utilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Long Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine , Xian Yang, Shaanxi 712046 , China
| | - Yu-Ze Li
- School of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine , Xian Yang, Shaanxi 712046 , China
| | - Guo-Qing Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine , Xian Yang, Shaanxi 712046 , China
| | - Dong-Dong Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine , Xian Yang, Shaanxi 712046 , China
| | - Chong Deng
- School of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine , Xian Yang, Shaanxi 712046 , China
| | - Zhi-Min Wang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences , BeiJing 100700 , China
| | - Xiao-Mei Song
- School of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine , Xian Yang, Shaanxi 712046 , China
| | - Wei Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine , Xian Yang, Shaanxi 712046 , China
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Fuzhuan Brick Tea Boosts Melanogenesis and Prevents Hair Graying through Reduction of Oxidative Stress via NRF2- HO-1 Signaling. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11030599. [PMID: 35326249 PMCID: PMC8945210 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11030599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The anti-graying effect of the hexane fraction of Fuzhuan brick tea is investigated in Melan-A cells and C57BL/6 mice. As a result, it is found that reactive oxygen species-induced damage is associated with the reduction of melanogenesis in hair bulb melanocytes when reactive oxygen species generation in Melan-A cells occurred. The results revealed that the hexane fraction of Fuzhuan brick tea could remarkably reduce reactive oxygen species generation in Melan-A cells; meanwhile, it could increase the cellular tyrosinase and melanin content, as well as up-regulate the expression of tyrosinase, tyrosinase related protein-1, tyrosinase related protein-2, and microphthalmia-associated transcription factor, and activate the MAP-kinase pathway through activating the phosphorylation of p38 c-Jun N terminal kinase/extracellular signal-regulated kinase. Furthermore, high-pressure liquid chromatography analysis reveals that the tea's major ingredients in hexane fraction include gallic acid, theaflavin, theobromine, caffeine, epicatechin, and quercetin. Together, the current results suggest that Fuzhuan brick tea proves to protect from the damage of hydroquinone, which induces hair pigment loss.
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Jiang Y, Zhang C, Zheng X, Zhao Z, Li HJ. Simultaneously screening multiple UGT1A1 inhibitors from Polygonum multiflorum root using ultrafiltration liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Biomed Chromatogr 2021; 36:e5300. [PMID: 34921409 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.5300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2021] [Revised: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The liver injury induced by Polygonum multiflorum root (PMR) is an urgent issue requiring wide spread attention. UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A1 (UGT1A1) inhibitors are suspected to additively contribute to the hepatotoxicity of PMR. This study was deliberately designed to simultaneously screen the UGT1A1 inhibitors from PMR and their co-contribution to the hepatotoxicity was evaluated. With ultrafiltration coupled to liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry method, four compounds namely cis-2,3,5,4'-tetrahydroxystilbene-2-O-β-glucoside, trans-2,3,5,4'-tetrahydroxystilbene-2-O-β-D-glucoside, emodin-8-O-β-D-glucoside and emodin were screened out, displaying the in vitro inhibitory activities against UGT1A1 with IC50 values of 76.23, 18.70, 62.18, 34.02 μM, respectively. The varying activities of screened UGT1A1 inhibitors were explained by performing a molecular docking simulation. Finally, zebrafish larvae and mice assays demonstrated that the UGT1A1 inhibitors co-contributed to the hepatotoxicity of PMR. Hopefully, these findings are conducive to understand the acting role of UGT1A1 inhibitors in PMR-induced hepatotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Jiang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
| | - Cai Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xian Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhen Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hui-Jun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
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Kim D, Kim HJ, Jun HS. Polygonum multiflorum Thunb. Extract Stimulates Melanogenesis by Induction of COX2 Expression through the Activation of p38 MAPK in B16F10 Mouse Melanoma Cells. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2020; 2020:7642019. [PMID: 32714420 PMCID: PMC7334760 DOI: 10.1155/2020/7642019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Revised: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Polygonum multiflorum Thunb. (PM) root extracts have been used for treating graying hair in Oriental medicine; however, the molecular mechanisms underlying the melanogenic effects of PM root have not been fully understood. In the present study, we investigated the melanogenic effects of an ethanolic extract of PM root (PME) and the mechanisms involved. We examined the effects of PME on cell viability, cellular melanin content, and tyrosinase activity in B16F10 cells. The melanogenic mechanism of PME was explored using signaling inhibitors and examining the expression of melanogenic genes and signaling molecules by western blot and RT-qPCR analyses. PME did not exhibit any cytotoxicity in B16F10 cells compared to that in control cells. PME treatment significantly increased melanin production and tyrosinase activity. In addition, PME induced the expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX2) as well as that of melanogenic genes, such as microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MiTF), tyrosinase-related protein (Trp) 1, Trp2, and tyrosinase, in B16F10 cells. PME treatment increased the level of phosphorylated p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), and pretreatment with SB 203580, a p38 MAPK inhibitor, significantly suppressed this PME-induced increase in the expression of COX2 and melanogenic genes. These results indicate that PME induced the expression of melanogenic genes by inducing COX2 expression via the activation of the p38 MAPK pathway, thereby contributing to the enhancement of melanogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donghee Kim
- Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, Gachon University, Incheon 21999, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo-Jin Kim
- Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, Gachon University, Incheon 21999, Republic of Korea
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, Incheon 21936, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Sook Jun
- Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, Gachon University, Incheon 21999, Republic of Korea
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, Incheon 21936, Republic of Korea
- Gachon Medical and Convergence Institute, Gachon Gil Medical Center, Incheon 21565, Republic of Korea
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Effects of Processed Polygonum multiflorum with KIOM Patent on Bone Remodeling-Related Protein Expression in Human Osteoblast-Like SaOS-2 Cells. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2020; 2020:4168535. [PMID: 32382288 PMCID: PMC7196996 DOI: 10.1155/2020/4168535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
This present study evaluated the effects of processed P. multiflorum on osteogenesis using Sarcoma osteogenic (SaOS-2) cell lines and osteoclastogenesis of bone marrow-derived macrophage cells (BMM) and to elucidate differences in effect on the expression of bone-related proteins between commercially sold P. multiflorum and patented, in vitro-propagated Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine (KIOM) P. multiflorum. Raw P. multiflorum and P. multiflorum that were stir-baked and steamed in black bean juice were compared, and western blotting analysis was performed to investigate the expression of bone remodeling-related proteins in SaOS-2 cells. In the cells treated with P. multiflorum steamed in black bean juice, the expression of RANKL was decreased, whereas that of osteoprotegerin, alkaline phosphatase, Runx2, and osterix was increased. Owing to these results, we conclude that processed P. multiflorum can be used as an alternative treatment for bone diseases such as osteoporosis, osteopenia, periodontitis, and Paget's disease.
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Taguchi N, Hata T, Kamiya E, Homma T, Kobayashi A, Aoki H, Kunisada T. Eriodictyon angustifolium extract, but not Eriodictyon californicum extract, reduces human hair greying. Int J Cosmet Sci 2020; 42:336-345. [PMID: 32324292 DOI: 10.1111/ics.12620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Yerba Santa (Eriodictyon angustifolium and Eriodictyon californicum) has been used for many years in traditional medicine. However, the effect of Yerba Santa on melanogenesis has not yet been investigated. We aimed to assess the biological effects of Yerba Santa on hair pigmentation. METHODS Yerba Santa extracts were assessed for their cytological effects following X-ray irradiation treatment and then tested directly for the prevention of human hair greying. Ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) was utilized to identify the individual extract components. RESULTS Eriodictyon angustifolium extract significantly increased melanin synthesis in the melanoma cell line through activation of the WNT/MITF/tyrosinase-signalling pathway. In contrast, E. californicum had no effect on melanin synthesis. E. angustifolium extract also demonstrated a protective effect against the damage induced by X-ray irradiation in human keratinocytes. Application of the extracts to subjects who had grey beards demonstrated a reduced number of grey beard hair per year specifically with the E. angustifolium extract. A significant decrease in grey head hair was also observed after application of E. angustifolium extract. Upregulation of gene expression related to melanin production and WNT signalling was observed after the application of E. angustifolium extract. Sterubin was the most abundant flavonoid detected by UPLC in E. angustifolium extract. In addition, sterubin showed the highest difference in terms of quantity, between E. angustifolium and E. californicum extract. CONCLUSION Eriodictyon angustifolium extract, which is abundant in sterubin, may be suitable as a potential cosmetic and medical agent for the prevention and improvement of hair greying.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Taguchi
- General Research & Development Institute, Hoyu Co., Ltd., Aichi, 4801136, Japan.,Department of Tissue and Organ Development, Regeneration and Advanced Medical Science, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, 5011194, Japan
| | - T Hata
- General Research & Development Institute, Hoyu Co., Ltd., Aichi, 4801136, Japan
| | - E Kamiya
- General Research & Development Institute, Hoyu Co., Ltd., Aichi, 4801136, Japan
| | - T Homma
- General Research & Development Institute, Hoyu Co., Ltd., Aichi, 4801136, Japan
| | - A Kobayashi
- General Research & Development Institute, Hoyu Co., Ltd., Aichi, 4801136, Japan
| | - H Aoki
- Department of Tissue and Organ Development, Regeneration and Advanced Medical Science, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, 5011194, Japan
| | - T Kunisada
- Department of Tissue and Organ Development, Regeneration and Advanced Medical Science, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, 5011194, Japan
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Pigmentation Effect of Rice Bran Extract in Hair Follicle-Like Tissue and Organ Culture Models. Tissue Eng Regen Med 2019; 17:15-23. [PMID: 32002839 DOI: 10.1007/s13770-019-00220-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Revised: 08/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/02/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Melanogenesis is a biological process resulting in the production of melanin pigment, which plays an important role in the prevention of sun-induced skin injury and determines the hair and skin color. Melanin has the ability to block ultraviolet radiation and scavenge free oxygen radicals, thus protecting the skin from their harmful effects. Agents that increase melanin synthesis in melanocytes may reduce the risk of photodamage and skin cancer. Hence, various approaches have been proposed to increase the synthesis of melanin. METHODS The current study aimed to develop a three-dimensional hair follicle-like tissue (HFLT) model with human dermal papilla, melanocytes, and outer root sheaths cells. This model showed enhanced melanogenesis-related protein expression after rice bran ash extract (RBE) treatment. Next, we investigated the melanogenic effect of RBE in the HFLT and compared the results to those of hair follicle (HF) organ culture model. RESULTS RBE was found to significantly increase the expression of microphthalmia-associated transcription factor, a key transcription factor involved in melanin production, in both HFLT and organ culture models. Results showed that melanogenesis-related protein expression levels were higher in the RBE group compared to those in the control group. Similar results were obtained by immunohistochemistry. CONCLUSION Our data suggested that RBE promotes melanin biosynthesis. Taken together, this simple in vitro HFLT model system has the potential to provide significant insights into the underlying molecular mechanisms of HF melanogenesis, and hence can be used for controlled evaluation of the efficacy of new materials for melanogenesis.
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