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Feng Y, Sun Z, Fu J, Zhong F, Zhang W, Wei C, Chen A, Liu BC, He JC, Lee K. Podocyte-derived soluble RARRES1 drives kidney disease progression through direct podocyte and proximal tubular injury. Kidney Int 2024:S0085-2538(24)00314-4. [PMID: 38697478 DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2024.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
Retinoic acid receptor responder protein-1 (RARRES1) is a podocyte-enriched transmembrane protein whose increased expression correlates with human glomerular disease progression. RARRES1 promotes podocytopenia and glomerulosclerosis via p53-mediated podocyte apoptosis. Importantly, the cytopathic actions of RARRES1 are entirely dependent on its proteolytic cleavage into a soluble protein (sRARRES1) and subsequent podocyte uptake by endocytosis, as a cleavage mutant RARRES1 exerted no effects in vitro or in vivo. As RARRES1 expression is upregulated in human glomerular diseases, here we investigated the functional consequence of podocyte-specific overexpression of RARRES1 in mice in the experimental focal segmental glomerulosclerosis and diabetic kidney disease. We also examined the effects of long-term RARRES1 overexpression on slowly developing aging-induced kidney injury. As anticipated, the induction of podocyte overexpression of RARRES1 (Pod-RARRES1WT) significantly worsened glomerular injuries and worsened kidney function in all three models, while overexpression of RARRES1 cleavage mutant (Pod-RARRES1MT) did not. Remarkably, direct uptake of sRARRES1 was also seen in proximal tubules of injured Pod-RARRES1WT mice and associated with exacerbated tubular injuries, vacuolation, and lipid accumulation. Single-cell RNA sequence analysis of mouse kidneys demonstrated RARRES1 led to a marked deregulation of lipid metabolism in proximal tubule subsets. We further identified matrix metalloproteinase 23 (MMP23) as a highly podocyte-specific metalloproteinase and responsible for RARRES1 cleavage in disease settings, as adeno-associated virus 9-mediated knockdown of MMP23 abrogated sRARRES1 uptake in tubular cells in vivo. Thus, our study delineates a previously unrecognized mechanism by which a podocyte-derived protein directly facilitates podocyte and tubular injury in glomerular diseases and suggests that podocyte-specific functions of RARRES1 and MMP23 may be targeted to ameliorate glomerular disease progression in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Feng
- Department of Medicine, Nephrology Division, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York USA
| | - Zeguo Sun
- Department of Medicine, Nephrology Division, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York USA
| | - Jia Fu
- Department of Medicine, Nephrology Division, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York USA
| | - Fang Zhong
- Department of Medicine, Nephrology Division, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York USA
| | - Weijia Zhang
- Department of Medicine, Nephrology Division, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York USA
| | - Chengguo Wei
- Department of Medicine, Nephrology Division, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York USA
| | - Anqun Chen
- Department of Medicine, Nephrology Division, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York USA
| | - Bi-Cheng Liu
- Institute of Nephrology, Zhong Da Hospital, Southeast University School of Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - John C He
- Department of Medicine, Nephrology Division, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York USA; Renal Section, James J. Peters Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Bronx, New York, USA.
| | - Kyung Lee
- Department of Medicine, Nephrology Division, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York USA.
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Chang WL, Hsieh CH, Kuo IY, Lin CH, Huang YL, Wang YC. Nutlin-3 acts as a DNA methyltransferase inhibitor to sensitize esophageal cancer to chemoradiation. Mol Carcinog 2023; 62:277-287. [PMID: 36342355 DOI: 10.1002/mc.23485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is highly resistant to chemoradiation therapy. We aimed to examine whether Nutlin-3, a molecule that suppresses murine double min 2 (MDM2)-mediated p53 and Retinoblastoma (RB) protein degradation leading to downregulation of DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs), can be a novel therapeutic agent for ESCC. We used wild-type and chemoradiation-resistant ESCC cell lines in this study. The expression of DNMTs, p53 and RB, and methylation level of tumor suppressor genes (TSG) were analyzed upon Nutlin-3 treatment. The antitumor efficacy of Nutlin-3 was investigated in ESCC cell lines and xenograft tumor model. TSG protein expression was checked in the excised tumor tissue. Nutlin-3 induced upregulation of p53 and RB and downregulation of DNMTs proteins in the chemoradiation-resistant and aggressive ESCC cells. The methylation level of TSGs was decreased by Nutlin-3. Nutlin-3 inhibits clonogenic growth of ESCC cells and exerts a synergistic cytotoxic-effect when combined with chemotherapeutic agent cisplatin. Moreover, xenograft tumor growth in SCID mice was suppressed by Nutlin-3. The protein expression level of DNMTs was downregulated, and that of TSGs was upregulated by Nutlin-3 treatment in the excised tumor tissue. In conclusion, Nutlin-3 is a potential therapeutic agent that can potentiate the treatment efficacy of chemoradiation-resistant ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Lun Chang
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hsiung Hsieh
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - I-Ying Kuo
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.,Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Hsun Lin
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Lin Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ching Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.,Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
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Guo Z, Zhao Y, Wu Y, Zhang Y, Wang R, Liu W, Zhang C, Yang X. Cellular retinol-binding protein 1: a therapeutic and diagnostic tumor marker. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 50:1885-1894. [PMID: 36515825 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-08179-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Cellular Retinol Binding Protein 1 (CRBP1) gene is a protein coding gene located on human chromosome 3q21, which codifies a protein named CRBP1. CRBP1 is widely expressed in many tissues as a chaperone protein to regulate the uptake, subsequent esterification and bioavailability of retinol. CRBP1 combines retinol and retinaldehyde with high affinity to protect retinoids from non-specific oxidation, and transports retinoids to specific enzymes to promote the biosynthesis of retinoic acid. The vital role of CRBP1 in retinoids metabolism has been gradually discovered, which has been implicated in tumorigenesis. However, the precise functions of CRBP1 in different diseases are still poorly understood. The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of the role of CRBP1 in various diseases, especially in both the promotion and inhibition of cancers, which may also offer a novel biomarker and potential therapeutic target for human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyuan Guo
- College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for Cell Differentiation Regulation, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China
| | - Yinshen Zhao
- College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for Cell Differentiation Regulation, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China
| | - Yuqi Wu
- College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for Cell Differentiation Regulation, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China
| | - Yuqi Zhang
- College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for Cell Differentiation Regulation, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China
| | - Ruoyan Wang
- College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for Cell Differentiation Regulation, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China
| | - Wan Liu
- College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for Cell Differentiation Regulation, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China
| | - Chaoyang Zhang
- College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for Cell Differentiation Regulation, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China
| | - Xianguang Yang
- College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China.
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for Cell Differentiation Regulation, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China.
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Jayaprakash S, Hegde M, Girisa S, Alqahtani MS, Abbas M, Lee EHC, Yap KCH, Sethi G, Kumar AP, Kunnumakkara AB. Demystifying the Functional Role of Nuclear Receptors in Esophageal Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231810952. [PMID: 36142861 PMCID: PMC9501100 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231810952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Esophageal cancer (EC), an aggressive and poorly understood disease, is one of the top causes of cancer-related fatalities. GLOBOCAN 2020 reports that there are 544,076 deaths and 604,100 new cases expected worldwide. Even though there are various advancements in treatment procedures, this cancer has been reported as one of the most difficult cancers to cure, and to increase patient survival; treatment targets still need to be established. Nuclear receptors (NRs) are a type of transcription factor, which has a key role in several biological processes such as reproduction, development, cellular differentiation, stress response, immunity, metabolism, lipids, and drugs, and are essential regulators of several diseases, including cancer. Numerous studies have demonstrated the importance of NRs in tumor immunology and proved the well-known roles of multiple NRs in modulating proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. There are surplus of studies conducted on NRs and their implications in EC, but only a few studies have demonstrated the diagnostic and prognostic potential of NRs. Therefore, there is still a paucity of the role of NRs and different ways to target them in EC cells to stop them from spreading malignancy. This review emphasizes the significance of NRs in EC by discussing their diverse agonists as well as antagonists and their response to tumor progression. Additionally, we emphasize NRs’ potential to serve as a novel therapeutic target and their capacity to treat and prevent EC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujitha Jayaprakash
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, Assam, India
| | - Mangala Hegde
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, Assam, India
| | - Sosmitha Girisa
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, Assam, India
| | - Mohammed S. Alqahtani
- Radiological Sciences Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
- BioImaging Unit, Space Research Centre, Michael Atiyah Building, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK
| | - Mohamed Abbas
- Electrical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
- Electronics and Communications Department, College of Engineering, Delta University for Science and Technology, Gamasa 35712, Egypt
| | - E. Hui Clarissa Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117600, Singapore
- NUS Center for Cancer Research, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore
| | - Kenneth Chun-Hong Yap
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117600, Singapore
- NUS Center for Cancer Research, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore
| | - Gautam Sethi
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117600, Singapore
- NUS Center for Cancer Research, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore
| | - Alan Prem Kumar
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117600, Singapore
- NUS Center for Cancer Research, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore
- Correspondence: (A.P.K.); (A.B.K.)
| | - Ajaikumar B. Kunnumakkara
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, Assam, India
- Correspondence: (A.P.K.); (A.B.K.)
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5
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Verma M, Khan MIK, Kadumuri RV, Chakrapani B, Awasthi S, Mahesh A, Govindaraju G, Chavali PL, Rajavelu A, Chavali S, Dhayalan A. PRMT3 interacts with ALDH1A1 and regulates gene-expression by inhibiting retinoic acid signaling. Commun Biol 2021; 4:109. [PMID: 33495566 PMCID: PMC7835222 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-020-01644-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2019] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein arginine methyltransferase 3 (PRMT3) regulates protein functions by introducing asymmetric dimethylation marks at the arginine residues in proteins. However, very little is known about the interaction partners of PRMT3 and their functional outcomes. Using yeast-two hybrid screening, we identified Retinal dehydrogenase 1 (ALDH1A1) as a potential interaction partner of PRMT3 and confirmed this interaction using different methods. ALDH1A1 regulates variety of cellular processes by catalyzing the conversion of retinaldehyde to retinoic acid. By molecular docking and site-directed mutagenesis, we identified the specific residues in the catalytic domain of PRMT3 that facilitate interaction with the C-terminal region of ALDH1A1. PRMT3 inhibits the enzymatic activity of ALDH1A1 and negatively regulates the expression of retinoic acid responsive genes in a methyltransferase activity independent manner. Our findings show that in addition to regulating protein functions by introducing methylation modifications, PRMT3 could also regulate global gene expression through protein-protein interactions. Here, the authors demonstrate that protein arginine methyltransferase 3 (PRMT3) interacts with and inhibits the retinal dehydrogenase ALDH1A1, negatively regulating the expression of retinoic acid responsive genes. This study shows that PRMT3 affects diverse biological processes not only by globally regulating protein function through methylation but also by regulating gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mamta Verma
- Department of Biotechnology, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, 605014, India
| | - Mohd Imran K Khan
- Department of Biotechnology, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, 605014, India
| | - Rajashekar Varma Kadumuri
- Department of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Tirupati, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, 517507, India
| | - Baskar Chakrapani
- Department of Biotechnology, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, 605014, India
| | - Sharad Awasthi
- Department of Biotechnology, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, 605014, India
| | - Arun Mahesh
- Department of Biotechnology, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, 605014, India
| | - Gayathri Govindaraju
- Interdisciplinary Biology, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Trivandrum, Kerala, 695014, India
| | - Pavithra L Chavali
- CSIR-Centre for Cellular & Molecular Biology, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500007, India
| | - Arumugam Rajavelu
- Interdisciplinary Biology, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Trivandrum, Kerala, 695014, India
| | - Sreenivas Chavali
- Department of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Tirupati, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, 517507, India.
| | - Arunkumar Dhayalan
- Department of Biotechnology, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, 605014, India.
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6
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The RBP1-CKAP4 axis activates oncogenic autophagy and promotes cancer progression in oral squamous cell carcinoma. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:488. [PMID: 32587255 PMCID: PMC7316825 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-2693-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Revised: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Retinol-binding protein 1 (RBP1) is involved in several physiological functions, including the regulation of the metabolism and retinol transport. Studies have shown that it plays an important role in the pathogenesis of several types of cancer. However, the role of RBP1 and its correlation with autophagy in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) pathogenesis remain unknown. In this study, RBP1 was identified as the most significantly upregulated DEPs with a >2-fold change in OSCC samples when compared to normal tissues through iTRAQ-based proteomics analysis coupled with 2D LC–MS/MS. RBP1 overexpression was significantly associated with malignant phenotypes (differentiation, TNM stage, and lymphatic metastasis) of OSCC. In vitro experiments demonstrated that RBP1 was significantly increased in OSCC tissues and cell lines compared with control group. RBP1 overexpression promoted cell growth, migration, and invasion of OSCC cells. Silencing of RBP1 suppressed tumor formation in xenografted mice. We further demonstrated that the RBP1–CKAP4 axis was a critical regulator of the autophagic machinery in OSCC, inactivation of autophagy rescued the RBP1–CKAP4-mediated malignant biological behaviors of OSCC cells. Overall, a mechanistic link was provided by RBP1–CKAP4 between primary oncogenic features and the induction of autophagy, which may provide a potential therapeutic target that warrants further investigation for treatment of OSCC.
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7
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Tazarotene-Induced Gene 1 (TIG1) Interacts with Serine Protease Inhibitor Kazal-Type 2 (SPINK2) to Inhibit Cellular Invasion of Testicular Carcinoma Cells. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 2019:6171065. [PMID: 31886233 PMCID: PMC6899300 DOI: 10.1155/2019/6171065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Revised: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Tazarotene-induced gene 1 (TIG1) encodes a protein that is a retinoid-regulated tumor suppressor. TIG1 is expressed in most normal tissues, and downregulation of TIG1 expression in multiple cancers is caused by promoter hypermethylation. Kazal-type serine protease inhibitor-2 (SPINK2) is a serine protease inhibitor, and the SPINK protein family has been shown to inhibit the expression of urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA). In addition, increased levels of uPA and the uPA receptor were observed in testicular cancer tissues. This study demonstrated that TIG1 interacts with SPINK2 in NT2/D1 testicular carcinoma cells. TIG1 and SPINK2 were highly expressed in normal testis tissues, while low expression levels of TIG1 and SPINK2 were found in testicular cancer tissues. TIG1 inhibited cell invasion, migration, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of NT2/D1 cells. SPINK2 enhanced TIG1-regulated uPA activity and EMT suppression, while silencing SPINK2 alleviated TIG1-mediated EMT regulation, cell migration, and invasion. Therefore, the results suggest that the interaction between TIG1 and SPINK2 plays an important role in the inhibition of testicular cancer cell EMT, and suppression is mediated through downregulation of the uPA/uPAR signaling pathway.
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8
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Guo M, Peng Y, Gao A, Du C, Herman JG. Epigenetic heterogeneity in cancer. Biomark Res 2019; 7:23. [PMID: 31695915 PMCID: PMC6824025 DOI: 10.1186/s40364-019-0174-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Phenotypic and functional heterogeneity is one of the hallmarks of human cancers. Tumor genotype variations among tumors within different patients are known as interpatient heterogeneity, and variability among multiple tumors of the same type arising in the same patient is referred to as intra-patient heterogeneity. Subpopulations of cancer cells with distinct phenotypic and molecular features within a tumor are called intratumor heterogeneity (ITH). Since Nowell proposed the clonal evolution of tumor cell populations in 1976, tumor heterogeneity, especially ITH, was actively studied. Research has focused on the genetic basis of cancer, particularly mutational activation of oncogenes or inactivation of tumor-suppressor genes (TSGs). The phenomenon of ITH is commonly explained by Darwinian-like clonal evolution of a single tumor. Despite the monoclonal origin of most cancers, new clones arise during tumor progression due to the continuous acquisition of mutations. It is clear that disruption of the "epigenetic machinery" plays an important role in cancer development. Aberrant epigenetic changes occur more frequently than gene mutations in human cancers. The epigenome is at the intersection of the environment and genome. Epigenetic dysregulation occurs in the earliest stage of cancer. The current trend of epigenetic therapy is to use epigenetic drugs to reverse and/or delay future resistance to cancer therapies. A majority of cancer therapies fail to achieve durable responses, which is often attributed to ITH. Epigenetic therapy may reverse drug resistance in heterogeneous cancer. Complete understanding of genetic and epigenetic heterogeneity may assist in designing combinations of targeted therapies based on molecular information extracted from individual tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingzhou Guo
- 1Department of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, #28 Fuxing Road, Beijing, 100853 China.,State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention and Treatment, 40 Daxue Road, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052 China
| | - Yaojun Peng
- 1Department of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, #28 Fuxing Road, Beijing, 100853 China
| | - Aiai Gao
- 1Department of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, #28 Fuxing Road, Beijing, 100853 China
| | - Chen Du
- 1Department of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, #28 Fuxing Road, Beijing, 100853 China
| | - James G Herman
- 3The Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, 5117 Centre Ave., Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA
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Wang CH, Shyu RY, Wu CC, Chen ML, Lee MC, Lin YY, Wang LK, Jiang SY, Tsai FM. Tazarotene-Induced Gene 1 Interacts with DNAJC8 and Regulates Glycolysis in Cervical Cancer Cells. Mol Cells 2018; 41:562-574. [PMID: 29902837 PMCID: PMC6030241 DOI: 10.14348/molcells.2018.2347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2017] [Revised: 02/20/2018] [Accepted: 03/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The tazarotene-induced gene 1 (TIG1) protein is a retinoid-inducible growth regulator and is considered a tumor suppressor. Here, we show that DnaJ heat shock protein family member C8 (DNAJC8) is a TIG1 target that regulates glycolysis. Ectopic DNAJC8 expression induced the translocation of pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2) into the nucleus, subsequently inducing glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1) expression to promote glucose uptake. Silencing either DNAJC8 or PKM2 alleviated the upregulation of GLUT1 expression and glucose uptake induced by ectopic DNAJC8 expression. TIG1 interacted with DNAJC8 in the cytosol, and this interaction completely blocked DNAJC8-mediated PKM2 translocation and inhibited glucose uptake. Furthermore, increased glycose uptake was observed in cells in which TIG1 was silenced. In conclusion, TIG1 acts as a pivotal repressor of DNAJC8 to enhance glucose uptake by partially regulating PKM2 translocation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Hua Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Taipei Tzuchi Hospital, The Buddhist Tzuchi Medical Foundation, New Taipei City 231,
Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 970,
Taiwan
| | - Rong-Yaun Shyu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Tzuchi Hospital, The Buddhist Tzuchi Medical Foundation, New Taipei City 231,
Taiwan
| | - Chang-Chieh Wu
- Department of Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital Keelung Branch, National Defense Medical Center, Keelung 202,
Taiwan
| | - Mao-Liang Chen
- Department of Research, Taipei Tzuchi Hospital, The Buddhist Tzuchi Medical Foundation, New Taipei City 231,
Taiwan
| | - Ming-Cheng Lee
- Department of Research, Taipei Tzuchi Hospital, The Buddhist Tzuchi Medical Foundation, New Taipei City 231,
Taiwan
| | - Yi-Yin Lin
- Department of Research, Taipei Tzuchi Hospital, The Buddhist Tzuchi Medical Foundation, New Taipei City 231,
Taiwan
| | - Lu-Kai Wang
- Radiation Biology Core Laboratory, Institute for Radiological Research, Chang Gung University/Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan 333,
Taiwan
| | - Shun-Yuan Jiang
- Department of Research, Taipei Tzuchi Hospital, The Buddhist Tzuchi Medical Foundation, New Taipei City 231,
Taiwan
| | - Fu-Ming Tsai
- Department of Research, Taipei Tzuchi Hospital, The Buddhist Tzuchi Medical Foundation, New Taipei City 231,
Taiwan
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10
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Roy A, Ramalinga M, Kim OJ, Chijioke J, Lynch S, Byers S, Kumar D. Multiple roles of RARRES1 in prostate cancer: Autophagy induction and angiogenesis inhibition. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0180344. [PMID: 28678839 PMCID: PMC5498036 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0180344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2017] [Accepted: 06/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prostate cancer (PCa) poses a major health concern in men worldwide. Retinoic Acid Receptor Responder (RARRES1)/ Tazarotene-induced gene-1 (TIG-1) is a putative tumor suppressor gene that exerts its tumor suppressor function via unknown mechanisms. Epigenetic silencing of RARRES1 leads to its loss in several types of cancer, including PCa. Determining the molecular mechanisms that mediate the tumor suppressor role of RARRES1 in PCa is the focus of our study. FINDINGS Our data indicates that RARRES1 over expression in PCa cell lines represses mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) activation. RARRES1 expression induces the levels of autophagy-related genes, beclin, ATG3 and increases LC3B-II conversion. A significant induction of SIRT1 along with mTOR inhibition is noted on RARRES1 expression. Furthermore, RARRES1 over expression elevates the levels of the antioxidant enzyme, catalase. Our results also indicate that RARRES1 expression inhibits angiogenesis in endothelial cells. CONCLUSIONS In summary, the data presented here indicate that forced expression of RARRES1 in PCa cells (a) induces ER stress and autophagic response; (b) increases SIRT1 levels; and (c) higher levels of anti-oxidant enzymes. Our study also implicates the role of RARRES1 as a novel anti-angiogenic molecule. Overall this study reports the molecular players that RARRES1 modulates to serve as a tumor suppressor molecule. Future studies will help determine the in vivo mechanisms by which RARRES1 may serve as a target for therapeutic intervention both in cancer and in angiogenesis-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arpita Roy
- Cancer Research Laboratory, University of the District of Columbia, Washington, DC, United States of America
| | - Malathi Ramalinga
- Cancer Research Laboratory, University of the District of Columbia, Washington, DC, United States of America
| | - Okjin J. Kim
- Cancer Research Laboratory, University of the District of Columbia, Washington, DC, United States of America
| | - Juliet Chijioke
- Cancer Research Laboratory, University of the District of Columbia, Washington, DC, United States of America
| | - Solomon Lynch
- Cancer Research Laboratory, University of the District of Columbia, Washington, DC, United States of America
| | - Stephen Byers
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, United States of America
| | - Deepak Kumar
- Cancer Research Laboratory, University of the District of Columbia, Washington, DC, United States of America
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, United States of America
- JLC-BBRI Nutrition Research lab, North Carolina Central University, Kannapolis, North Carolina, United States of America
- Julius L. Chambers Biomedical Biotechnology Research Institute, North Carolina Central University, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Napoli JL. Cellular retinoid binding-proteins, CRBP, CRABP, FABP5: Effects on retinoid metabolism, function and related diseases. Pharmacol Ther 2017; 173:19-33. [PMID: 28132904 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2017.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cellular binding-proteins (BP), including CRBP1, CRBP2, CRABP1, CRABP2, and FABP5, shepherd the poorly aqueous soluble retinoids during uptake, metabolism and function. Holo-BP promote efficient use of retinol, a scarce but essential nutrient throughout evolution, by sheltering it and its major metabolite all-trans-retinoic acid from adventitious interactions with the cellular milieu, and by imposing specificity of delivery to enzymes, nuclear receptors and other partners. Apo-BP reflect cellular retinoid status and modify activities of retinoid metabolon enzymes, or exert non-canonical actions. High ligand binding affinities and the nature of ligand sequestration necessitate external factors to prompt retinoid release from holo-BP. One or more of cross-linking, kinetics, and colocalization have identified these factors as RDH, RALDH, CYP26, LRAT, RAR and PPARβ/δ. Michaelis-Menten and other kinetic approaches verify that BP channel retinoids to select enzymes and receptors by protein-protein interactions. Function of the BP and enzymes that constitute the retinoid metabolon depends in part on retinoid exchanges unique to specific pairings. The complexity of these exchanges configure retinol metabolism to meet the diverse functions of all-trans-retinoic acid and its ability to foster contrary outcomes in different cell types, such as inducing apoptosis, differentiation or proliferation. Altered BP expression affects retinoid function, for example, by impairing pancreas development resulting in abnormal glucose and energy metabolism, promoting predisposition to breast cancer, and fostering more severe outcomes in prostate cancer, ovarian adenocarcinoma, and glioblastoma. Yet, the extent of BP interactions with retinoid metabolon enzymes and their impact on retinoid physiology remains incompletely understood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph L Napoli
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, United States.
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Shyu RY, Wang CH, Wu CC, Chen ML, Lee MC, Wang LK, Jiang SY, Tsai FM. Tazarotene-Induced Gene 1 Enhanced Cervical Cell Autophagy through Transmembrane Protein 192. Mol Cells 2016; 39:877-887. [PMID: 27989102 PMCID: PMC5223105 DOI: 10.14348/molcells.2016.0161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2016] [Revised: 11/15/2016] [Accepted: 11/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Tazarotene-induced gene 1 (TIG1) is a retinoic acid-inducible protein that is considered a putative tumor suppressor. The expression of TIG1 is decreased in malignant prostate carcinoma or poorly differentiated colorectal adenocarcinoma, but TIG1 is present in benign or well-differentiated tumors. Ectopic TIG1 expression led to suppression of growth in cancer cells. However, the function of TIG1 in cell differentiation is still unknown. Using a yeast two-hybrid system, we found that transmembrane protein 192 (TMEM192) interacted with TIG1. We also found that both TIG1A and TIG1B isoforms interacted and co-localized with TMEM192 in HtTA cervical cancer cells. The expression of TIG1 induced the expression of autophagy-related proteins, including Beclin-1 and LC-3B. The silencing of TMEM192 reduced the TIG1-mediated upregulation of autophagic activity. Furthermore, silencing of either TIG1 or TMEM192 led to alleviation of the upregulation of autophagy induced by all-trans retinoic acid. Our results demonstrate that the expression of TIG1 leads to cell autophagy through TMEM192. Our study also suggests that TIG1 and TMEM192 play an important role in the all-trans retinoic acid-mediated upregulation of autophagic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong-Yaun Shyu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Tzuchi Hospital, The Buddhist Tzuchi Medical Foundation, New Taipei City 231,
Taiwan
| | - Chun-Hua Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Taipei Tzuchi Hospital, The Buddhist Tzuchi Medical Foundation, New Taipei City 231,
Taiwan
| | - Chang-Chieh Wu
- Department of Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114,
Taiwan
| | - Mao-Liang Chen
- Department of Research, Taipei Tzuchi Hospital, The Buddhist Tzuchi Medical Foundation, New Taipei City 231,
Taiwan
| | - Ming-Cheng Lee
- Department of Research, Taipei Tzuchi Hospital, The Buddhist Tzuchi Medical Foundation, New Taipei City 231,
Taiwan
| | - Lu-Kai Wang
- Radiation Biology Core Laboratory, Institute for Radiological Research, Chang Gung University/Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taoyuan 333,
Taiwan
| | - Shun-Yuan Jiang
- Department of Research, Taipei Tzuchi Hospital, The Buddhist Tzuchi Medical Foundation, New Taipei City 231,
Taiwan
| | - Fu-Ming Tsai
- Department of Research, Taipei Tzuchi Hospital, The Buddhist Tzuchi Medical Foundation, New Taipei City 231,
Taiwan
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13
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Li X, Zhou F, Jiang C, Wang Y, Lu Y, Yang F, Wang N, Yang H, Zheng Y, Zhang J. Identification of a DNA methylome profile of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and potential plasma epigenetic biomarkers for early diagnosis. PLoS One 2014; 9:e103162. [PMID: 25050929 PMCID: PMC4106874 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0103162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2014] [Accepted: 06/26/2014] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
DNA methylation is a critical epigenetic mechanism involved in key cellular processes. Its deregulation has been linked to many human cancers including esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). This study was designed to explore the whole methylation status of ESCC and to identify potential plasma biomarkers for early diagnosis. We used Infinium Methylation 450k array to analyze ESCC tissues (n = 4), paired normal surrounding tissues (n = 4) and normal mucosa from healthy individuals (n = 4), and combined these with gene expression data from the GEO database. One hundred and sixty eight genes had differentially methylated CpG sites in their promoter region and a gene expression pattern inverse to the direction of change in DNA methylation. These genes were involved in several cancer-related pathways. Three genes were validated in additional 42 ESCC tissues and paired normal surrounding tissues. The methylation frequency of EPB41L3, GPX3, and COL14A1 were higher in tumor tissues than in normal surrounding tissues (P<0.017). The higher methylation frequency of EPB41l3 was correlated with large tumor size (P = 0.044) and advanced pT tumor stage (P = 0.001). The higher methylation frequency of GPX3 and COL14A1 were correlated with advanced pN tumor stage (P = 0.001 and P<0.001). The methylation of EPB41L3, GPX3, and COL14A1 genes were only found in ESCC patients' plasma, but not in normal individuals upon testing 42 ESCC patients and 50 healthy individuals. Diagnostic sensitivity was increased when methylation of any of the 3 genes were counted (64.3% sensitivity and 100% specificity). These differentially methylated genes in plasma may be used as biomarkers for early diagnosis of ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xufeng Li
- Oncology Center, ZhuJiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | | | - Chunyu Jiang
- Oncology Center, ZhuJiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yinuo Wang
- Institute of Targeted Molecular Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanqiang Lu
- Institute of Targeted Molecular Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Fei Yang
- Institute of Targeted Molecular Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | | | | | - Yanfang Zheng
- Oncology Center, ZhuJiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- * E-mail: (YZ); (JZ)
| | - Jiren Zhang
- Oncology Center, ZhuJiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Institute of Targeted Molecular Medicine, Shanghai, China
- * E-mail: (YZ); (JZ)
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14
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Oldridge EE, Walker HF, Stower MJ, Simms MS, Mann VM, Collins AT, Pellacani D, Maitland NJ. Retinoic acid represses invasion and stem cell phenotype by induction of the metastasis suppressors RARRES1 and LXN. Oncogenesis 2013; 2:e45. [PMID: 23588494 PMCID: PMC3641360 DOI: 10.1038/oncsis.2013.6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The mouse haematopoietic stem cell (SC) regulator Latexin (LXN) is the only known homologue of the retinoic acid receptor responder 1 (RARRES1) gene. Both genes lie adjacent on chromosome 3 and differ mostly by the presence of a transmembrane domain in RARRES1. Despite their homology, it is not known whether they possess similar regulatory mechanisms, cellular localization and function. Here, we identified RARRES1 and LXN as highly significantly downregulated genes in human prostate SCs, whose expression was induced by the pro-differentiation agent all-trans retinoic acid (atRA). AtRA induced expression in the most differentiated cells compared with the SC fraction, suggesting that this subpopulation was less responsive to atRA. Small interfering RNA suppression of RARRES1 and LXN enhanced the SC properties of primary prostate cultures, as shown by a significant increase in their colony-forming ability. Expression of both RARRES1 and LXN was co-ordinately repressed by DNA methylation in prostate cancer cell lines and inhibition of RARRES1 and LXN increased the invasive capacity of primary prostate cultures, which also fully rescued an inhibitory effect induced by atRA. Moreover, we showed that RARRES1 and LXN reside within different sub-cellular compartments, providing evidence that RARRES1 is not a plasma membrane protein as previously supposed but is located primarily in the endoplasmic reticulum; whereas LXN was detected in the nucleus of prostate epithelial cells. Thus, LXN and RARRES1 are potential tumour suppressor genes, which are co-ordinately regulated, SC-silenced genes functioning to suppress invasion and colony-forming ability of prostate cancer cells; yet the proteins reside within different sub-cellular compartments.
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Affiliation(s)
- E E Oldridge
- YCR Cancer Research Unit, Department of Biology, University of York, York, UK
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15
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Baba Y, Watanabe M, Baba H. A review of the alterations in DNA methylation in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Surg Today 2013; 43:1355-64. [DOI: 10.1007/s00595-012-0451-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2011] [Accepted: 10/26/2012] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Duncan CG, Barwick BG, Jin G, Rago C, Kapoor-Vazirani P, Powell DR, Chi JT, Bigner DD, Vertino PM, Yan H. A heterozygous IDH1R132H/WT mutation induces genome-wide alterations in DNA methylation. Genome Res 2012; 22:2339-55. [PMID: 22899282 PMCID: PMC3514664 DOI: 10.1101/gr.132738.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Monoallelic point mutations of the NADP+-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenases IDH1 and IDH2 occur frequently in gliomas, acute myeloid leukemias, and chondromas, and display robust association with specific DNA hypermethylation signatures. Here we show that heterozygous expression of the IDH1R132H allele is sufficient to induce the genome-wide alterations in DNA methylation characteristic of these tumors. Using a gene-targeting approach, we knocked-in a single copy of the most frequently observed IDH1 mutation, R132H, into a human cancer cell line and profiled changes in DNA methylation at over 27,000 CpG dinucleotides relative to wild-type parental cells. We find that IDH1R132H/WT mutation induces widespread alterations in DNA methylation, including hypermethylation of 2010 and hypomethylation of 842 CpG loci. We demonstrate that many of these alterations are consistent with those observed in IDH1-mutant and G-CIMP+ primary gliomas and can segregate IDH wild-type and mutated tumors as well as those exhibiting the G-CIMP phenotype in unsupervised analysis of two primary glioma cohorts. Further, we show that the direction of IDH1R132H/WT-mediated DNA methylation change is largely dependent upon preexisting DNA methylation levels, resulting in depletion of moderately methylated loci. Additionally, whereas the levels of multiple histone H3 and H4 methylation modifications were globally increased, consistent with broad inhibition of histone demethylation, hypermethylation at H3K9 in particular accompanied locus-specific DNA hypermethylation at several genes down-regulated in IDH1R132H/WT knock-in cells. These data provide insight on epigenetic alterations induced by IDH1 mutations and support a causal role for IDH1R132H/WT mutants in driving epigenetic instability in human cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher G Duncan
- The Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, The Pediatric Brain Tumor Foundation Institute, The Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710, USA
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Li JS, Ying JM, Wang XW, Wang ZH, Tao Q, Li LL. Promoter methylation of tumor suppressor genes in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. CHINESE JOURNAL OF CANCER 2012; 32:3-11. [PMID: 22572016 PMCID: PMC3845589 DOI: 10.5732/cjc.011.10381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is a prevalent and fatal cancer in China and other Asian countries. Epigenetic silencing of key tumor suppressor genes (TSGs) is critical to ESCC initiation and progression. Recently, many novel TSGs silenced by promoter methylation have been identified in ESCC, and these genes further serve as potential tumor markers for high-risk group stratification, early detection, and prognosis prediction. This review summarizes recent discoveries on aberrant promoter methylation of TSGs in ESCC, providing better understanding of the role of disrupted epigenetic regulation in tumorigenesis and insight into diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for this malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Sheng Li
- Department of Chemotherapy, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China
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18
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Mitsunaga K, Kikuchi J, Wada T, Furukawa Y. Latexin regulates the abundance of multiple cellular proteins in hematopoietic stem cells. J Cell Physiol 2012; 227:1138-47. [PMID: 21567403 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.22834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Latexin is the only known carboxypeptidase A inhibitor in mammals and shares structural similarity with cystatin C, suggesting that latexin regulates the abundance of as yet unidentified target proteins. A forward genetic approach revealed that latexin is involved in homeostasis of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) in mice; however, little is known about the mechanisms by which latexin negatively affects the numbers of HSCs. In this study, we found that latexin is preferentially expressed in hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells, and is co-localized with the molecules responsible for the interaction of HSCs with a bone marrow niche, such as N-cadherin, Tie2, and Roundabout 4. Latexin-knockout young female mice showed an increase in the numbers of KSL (c-Kit(+)/Sca-1(+)/linegae marker-negative) cells, which may be attributable to enhanced self-renewal because latexin-deficient KSL cells formed more colonies than their wild-type counterparts in methylcellulose culture. Proteomic analysis of Sca-1(+) bone marrow cells demonstrated that latexin ablation reduced the abundance of multiple cellular proteins, including N-cadherin, Tie2, and Roundabout 4. Finally, we found that latexin expression was lost or greatly reduced in approximately 50% of human leukemia/lymphoma cell lines. These results imply that latexin inhibits the self-renewal of HSCs by facilitating the lodgment of HSCs within a bone marrow niche to maintain HSC homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanae Mitsunaga
- Division of Stem Cell Regulation, Center for Molecular Medicine, Jichi Medical University School of Medicine, Tochigi, Japan
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Tsai FM, Wu CC, Shyu RY, Wang CH, Jiang SY. Tazarotene-induced gene 1 inhibits prostaglandin E2-stimulated HCT116 colon cancer cell growth. J Biomed Sci 2011; 18:88. [PMID: 22126303 PMCID: PMC3247857 DOI: 10.1186/1423-0127-18-88] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2011] [Accepted: 11/30/2011] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The tazarotene-induced gene 1 (TIG1) is a putative tumor suppressor gene. We have recently demonstrated both TIG1A and TIG1B isoforms inhibited cell growth and induced the expression of G protein-coupled receptor kinase 5 (GRK5) in colon cancer cells. Because elevated prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) signaling plays a significant role in colorectal carcinogenesis, the objective of this study was to explore the effect of TIG1 on PGE2-induced cellular proliferation and signaling in colon cancer cells. Methods HCT116 cells as well as TIG1A and TIG1B stable cells established from HCT116 colon cancer cells using the GeneSwitch system were used. TIG1 isoform expression was induced by mifepristone treatment in stable cells. Cell growth was determined using the WST-1 cell proliferation assay. Activation of β-catenin/TCF and cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)/CREB signaling pathways were determined using luciferase reporter assays. Expression and subcellular distribution of β-catenin were analyzed using Western blot and confocal microscope. Levels of cAMP were measured using an enzyme immunoassay. RNA interference was used to examine the effects of TIG1- and GRK5-mediated changes. Results PGE2-stimulated cell growth was reduced in inducible TIG1A- and TIG1B-stable HCT116 cells. GRK5 expression was upregulated by both TIG1A and TIG1B isoforms, and its expression suppressed PGE2-stimulated HCT116 cell growth. GRK5, TIG1A, and TIG1B expression significantly inhibited PGE2-stimulated β-catenin/TCF and cAMP signaling pathway reporters and cAMP. Also, PGE2-stimulated nuclear localization of β-catenin was inhibited by expression of TIG1A and TIG1B, which was ameliorated by both TIG1 and GRK5 siRNAs. Conclusions TIG1 suppressed PGE2-stimulated Wnt and cAMP signaling pathways in colon cancer cells through GRK5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fu-Ming Tsai
- Department of Research, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital Taipei Branch, 289 Jianguo Rd, Sindian District, New Taipei City, 231 Taiwan
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Nelson AM, Zhao W, Gilliland KL, Zaenglein AL, Liu W, Thiboutot DM. Early gene changes induced by isotretinoin in the skin provide clues to its mechanism of action. DERMATO-ENDOCRINOLOGY 2011; 1:100-1. [PMID: 20224692 DOI: 10.4161/derm.1.2.8107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2009] [Accepted: 02/09/2009] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Amanda M Nelson
- The Jake Gittlen Cancer Research Foundation and Department of Dermatology; The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine; Hershey, PA USA
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G protein-coupled receptor kinase 5 mediates Tazarotene-induced gene 1-induced growth suppression of human colon cancer cells. BMC Cancer 2011; 11:175. [PMID: 21575264 PMCID: PMC3112162 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-11-175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2011] [Accepted: 05/17/2011] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Tazarotene-induced gene 1 (TIG1) is a retinoid-inducible type II tumour suppressor gene. The B isoform of TIG1 (TIG1B) inhibits growth and invasion of cancer cells. Expression of TIG1B is frequently downregulated in various cancer tissues; however, the expression and activities of the TIG1A isoform are yet to be reported. Therefore, this study investigated the effects of the TIG1A and TIG1B isoforms on cell growth and gene expression profiles using colon cancer cells. Methods TIG1A and TIG1B stable clones derived from HCT116 and SW620 colon cancer cells were established using the GeneSwitch system; TIG1 isoform expression was induced by mifepristone treatment. Cell growth was assessed using the WST-1 cell proliferation and colony formation assays. RNA interference was used to examine the TIG1 mediating changes in cell growth. Gene expression profiles were determined using microarray and validated using real-time polymerase chain reaction, and Western blot analyses. Results Both TIG1 isoforms were expressed at high levels in normal prostate and colon tissues and were downregulated in colon cancer cell lines. Both TIG1 isoforms significantly inhibited the growth of transiently transfected HCT116 cells and stably expressing TIG1A and TIG1B HCT116 and SW620 cells. Expression of 129 and 55 genes was altered upon induction of TIG1A and TIG1B expression, respectively, in stably expressing HCT116 cells. Of the genes analysed, 23 and 6 genes were upregulated and downregulated, respectively, in both TIG1A and TIG1B expressing cells. Upregulation of the G-protein-coupled receptor kinase 5 (GRK5) was confirmed using real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blot analyses in both TIG1 stable cell lines. Silencing of TIG1A or GRK5 expression significantly decreased TIG1A-mediated cell growth suppression. Conclusions Expression of both TIG1 isoforms was observed in normal prostate and colon tissues and was downregulated in colon cancer cell lines. Both TIG1 isoforms suppressed cell growth and stimulated GRK5 expression in HCT116 and SW620 cells. Knockdown of GRK5 expression alleviated TIG1A-induced growth suppression of HCT116 cells, suggesting that GRK5 mediates cell growth suppression by TIG1A. Thus, TIG1 may participate in the downregulation of G-protein coupled signaling by upregulating GRK5 expression.
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Gyobu K, Yamashita S, Matsuda Y, Igaki H, Niwa T, Oka D, Kushima R, Osugi H, Lee S, Suehiro S, Ushijima T. Identification and Validation of DNA Methylation Markers to Predict Lymph Node Metastasis of Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinomas. Ann Surg Oncol 2010; 18:1185-94. [DOI: 10.1245/s10434-010-1393-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2010] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Sahab ZJ, Hall MD, Zhang L, Cheema AK, Byers SW. Tumor Suppressor RARRES1 Regulates DLG2, PP2A, VCP, EB1, and Ankrd26. J Cancer 2010; 1:14-22. [PMID: 20842219 PMCID: PMC2931349 DOI: 10.7150/jca.1.14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Retinoic Acid Receptor Responder (RARRES1) initially identified as a novel retinoic acid receptor regulated gene in the skin is a putative tumor suppressor of unknown function. RARRES1 was knocked down in immortalized human prostatic epithelial cell line PWR-1E cells and differential protein expression was identified using differential in-gel electrophoresis (DIGE) followed by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI) mass spectrometry and western Blot analysis excluding highly abundant proteins routinely identified in almost all proteomics projects. Knock-down of RARRES1: 1- down-regulates PP2A, an enzyme involved in the negative regulation of the growth hormone-stimulated signal transduction pathways; 2- down-regulates Valosin-containing protein causing impaired autophagy; 3- up-regulates the tumor suppressor disks large 2; 4- up-regulates Ankrd26 that belongs to the POTE family of genes that are highly expressed in cancer patients with poor outcome; and 5- down-regulates EB1, a protein that is involved in spindle dynamics and chromosome alignment during mitosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziad J Sahab
- 1. Georgetown University Medical Center, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Washington, DC, 20007, USA
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Kwok WK, Pang JCS, Lo KW, Ng HK. Role of the RARRES1 gene in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009; 194:58-64. [PMID: 19737656 DOI: 10.1016/j.cancergencyto.2009.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2009] [Revised: 06/06/2009] [Accepted: 06/14/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a unique type of head and neck cancer that is most prevalent in southern China. Previous studies have suggested that genetic susceptibility, environmental carcinogens, and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection contribute to the etiology of NPC. Our group has identified the retinoic acid receptor responder (tazarotene induced) 1 gene (RARRES1; alias TIG1) to be transcriptionally silenced by promoter hypermethylation in approximately 90% of NPC cases, suggesting that its inactivation may be important in NPC formation. The aim of this study was to explore the functional role of the RARRES1 protein (alias TIG1) in NPC cells with EBV infection (HK1-EBV) and without (HK1). Cellular proliferation analysis, as measured by 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU) incorporation, showed that knockdown and overexpression of TIG1 in HK1 led, respectively, to significantly increased (P = 0.005) and reduced (P = 0.027) proportions of BrdU-labeled cells, compared with control cells. In contrast, knockdown or overexpression of TIG1 had no significant effect on cellular proliferation in HK1-EBV cells. Invasion chamber assay showed that TIG1 knockdown in HK1-EBV cells resulted in significant enhancement of invasive capacity of HK1-EBV cells (P = 0.006). HK1 cells were not invasive, regardless of TIG1 status. These findings suggest that TIG1 may play a role in cellular proliferation and invasion in NPC cells and that its function may be dependent on the EBV status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wai Kei Kwok
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, 30-32 Ngan Shing Street, Shatin, Hong Kong
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Itman C, Small C, Griswold M, Nagaraja AK, Matzuk MM, Brown CW, Jans DA, Loveland KL. Developmentally regulated SMAD2 and SMAD3 utilization directs activin signaling outcomes. Dev Dyn 2009; 238:1688-700. [PMID: 19517569 DOI: 10.1002/dvdy.21995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Activin is required for testis development. Activin signals via phosphorylation and nuclear accumulation of SMAD2 and SMAD3. We present novel findings of developmentally regulated activin signaling leading to specific transcriptional outcomes in testicular Sertoli cells. In immature, proliferating, Sertoli cells, activin A induces nuclear accumulation of SMAD3, but not SMAD2, although both proteins become phosphorylated. In postmitotic differentiating cells, both SMAD proteins accumulate in the nucleus. Furthermore, immature Sertoli cells are sensitive to activin dosage; higher concentrations induce maximal SMAD3 nuclear accumulation and a small increase in nuclear SMAD2. Microarray analysis identified distinct transcriptional outcomes correlating with differential SMAD utilization and new activin target genes, including Gja1 and Serpina5, which are essential for Sertoli cell development and male fertility. In transgenic mice with altered activin bioactivity that display fertility phenotypes, Gja1 and Serpina5 are significantly altered. Thus, differential SMAD utilization in response to activin features during Sertoli cell maturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Itman
- Department of Biochemistry &Molecular Biology, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
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26
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Rambow F, Malek O, Geffrotin C, Leplat JJ, Bouet S, Piton G, Hugot K, Bevilacqua C, Horak V, Vincent-Naulleau S. Identification of differentially expressed genes in spontaneously regressing melanoma using the MeLiM swine model. Pigment Cell Melanoma Res 2008; 21:147-61. [PMID: 18426408 DOI: 10.1111/j.1755-148x.2008.00442.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Partial and some few cases of complete spontaneous regression have been observed in cutaneous melanoma patients but little is known about the molecular mechanisms involved. The Melanoblastoma-bearing Libechov Minipig (MeLiM) is a suitable animal model to study the phenomenon of spontaneous regression because MeLiM pigs exhibit naturally occurring melanomas which regress completely 6 months after birth. In this study, we used suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH) to identify molecular determinants of melanoma regression within swine melanoma tissues and melanoma cell cultures. Several markers involved in cell-adhesion, -communication, -motility, signal transduction, negative regulation of cell proliferation, transport and immune response were identified that correlated with melanoma regression whereas the main genes involved in melanin synthesis showed a strong downregulation. For the most differentially expressed genes, we validated the results obtained by SSH with qRT-PCR and with immunohistochemistry for some of them (CD9, MITF, RARRES1). Most notable, for the first time in melanoma, we identified the retinoic acid responder 1 gene (RARRES1) as a main actor of the regression process in melanoma. This first gene expression study in swine melanoma regression, may contribute to the finding of new therapeutic targets for human melanoma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Rambow
- CEA, DSV, IRCM, SREIT, Laboratoire de Radiobiologie et d'Etude du Génome, Jouy-en-Josas, F-78352 France.
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Kim YT, Park JY, Jeon YK, Park SJ, Song JY, Kang CH, Sung SW, Kim JH. Aberrant promoter CpG island hypermethylation of the adenomatosis polyposis coli gene can serve as a good prognostic factor by affecting lymph node metastasis in squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus. Dis Esophagus 2008; 22:143-50. [PMID: 18847451 DOI: 10.1111/j.1442-2050.2008.00862.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
There has been no clear evidence demonstrating whether DNA hypermethylation can affect the prognosis of esophageal cancer. We collected tissue from 50 cases of squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus and tested them for DNA hypermethylation using methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction. CpG island hypermethylations were observed in 10% for p16, 34% for RARbetaP2, 46% for adenomatosis polyposis coli (APC), 14% for RASSF1A, 84% for FHIT, and 8% for hMLH1. APC promoter hypermethylation was frequently found in patients without lymph node metastasis compared with those with lymph node metastasis (62.5% : 30.8%, P = 0.025). The number of metastatic lymph nodes were lower in patients with APC promoter hypermethylation (0.87 +/- 0.30 : 3.07 +/- 0.72, P = 0.008). Excluding operative mortalities and incomplete resections, 42 patients were analyzed for long-term outcome. During the mean follow-up period of 35 months, 17 developed recurrence and 14 died of cancer. Ten patients died of other causes. In univariable analysis, unmethylation of APC (P = 0.0015) and FHIT (P = 0.0044), as well as presence of lymph node metastasis (P = 0.0038), were risk factors for recurrence. In multivariable analysis, lymph nodes metastasis (P = 0.050) and unmethylation of APC promoter (P = 0.023) remained as significant risk factors. In conclusion, promoter hypermethylation of the APC gene is related to a lower number of metastatic lymph nodes and to superior prognosis in terms of recurrence, which suggests it might be involved in the process of lymph node metastasis in esophageal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y T Kim
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
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Yanatatsaneejit P, Chalermchai T, Kerekhanjanarong V, Shotelersuk K, Supiyaphun P, Mutirangura A, Sriuranpong V. Promoter hypermethylation of CCNA1, RARRES1, and HRASLS3 in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Oral Oncol 2008; 44:400-6. [PMID: 17689134 DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2007.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2007] [Revised: 05/15/2007] [Accepted: 05/17/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
In search for putative tumor suppressor genes critical of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), we analyzed the available information from the expression profiling in conjunction with the comprehensive alleotyping published data relevant to this malignancy. Integration of this information suggested eight potential candidate tumor suppressor genes, CCNA1, HRASLS3, RARRES1, CLMN, EML1, TSC22, LOH11CR2A and MCC. However, to confirm the above observations, we chose to investigate if promoter hypermethylation of these candidate genes would be one of the mechanisms responsible for the de-regulation of gene expression in NPC in addition to the loss of genetic materials. In this study, we detected consistent hypermethylation of the 5' element of CCNA1, RARRES1, and HRASLS in NPC tissues with prevalence of 48%, 51%, and 17%, respectively. Moreover, we found a similar profile of promoter hypermethylation in primary cultured NPC cells but none in normal nasopharyngeal epithelium or leukocytes, which further substantiate our hypothesis. Our data indicate that CCNA1, RARRES1, and HRASLS3 may be the putative tumor suppressor genes in NPC.
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Ellinger J, El Kassem N, Heukamp LC, Matthews S, Cubukluoz F, Kahl P, Perabo FG, Müller SC, von Ruecker A, Bastian PJ. Hypermethylation of cell-free serum DNA indicates worse outcome in patients with bladder cancer. J Urol 2007; 179:346-52. [PMID: 18006010 DOI: 10.1016/j.juro.2007.08.091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2007] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE CpG island hypermethylation is a frequent event in bladder carcinogenesis and progression. We investigated the diagnostic and prognostic value of hypermethylation in cell-free serum DNA of patients with bladder cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study cohort consisted of 45 patients with bladder cancer undergoing cystectomy and 45 with histologically confirmed benign prostatic hyperplasia serving as controls. Hypermethylation at APC, DAPK, GSTP1, PTGS2, TIG1 and Reprimo was analyzed using real-time polymerase chain reaction following methylation sensitive restriction endonuclease treatment. RESULTS Hypermethylation at the APC and GSTP1 promoter was detected in 59% of cases, whereas TIG1 (32%), PTGS2 (24%) and DAPK (2%) were less frequently hypermethylated. In the benign prostatic hyperplasia group 3 patients also harbored methylated GSTP1 DNA, whereas none of the other gene sites was methylated. Hypermethylation at APC, GSTP1 or TIG1 distinguished patients with bladder cancer and controls most accurately with 80% sensitivity and 93% specificity. Hypermethylation significantly correlated with prognostic unfavorable clinicopathological parameters, including APC with pT stage, GSTP1, or GSTP1 or TIG1 with multifocal bladder cancer and APC, or APC or TIG1 with surgical margin positivity. Bladder cancer specific mortality was significantly increased in patients with APC hypermethylation. CONCLUSIONS The detection of hypermethylation in cell-free serum DNA provides valuable diagnostic and prognostic information that can still be improved by combining the results of 3 gene sites (APC, GSTP1 and TIG1). The presence of hypermethylated DNA in the serum of patients with bladder cancer is associated with a worse outcome. Our results suggest that measuring hypermethylation in the serum of patients with bladder cancer is a useful biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jörg Ellinger
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Urologie, Universitätsklinikum Bonn, Rheinische-Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Germany.
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