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Cozma EC, Celarel AM, Stoenica IV, Lupu M, Banciu LM, Voiculescu VM. Correlations between Histopathological and Confocal Reflectance Microscopy Aspects in a Patient with Bowenoid Papulosis. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:diagnostics13091531. [PMID: 37174923 PMCID: PMC10177300 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13091531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Bowenoid papulosis is a cutaneous disease that is part of the spectrum of genital in situ carcinomas, caused primarily by infection with oncogenic strains of the HPV virus. The potential to transform into squamous cell carcinoma requires the diagnosis and treatment of the lesions. We present the case of a 34-year-old non-smoker without medical history who presented to our clinic for the appearance of multiple, asymptomatic, well-defined, flat, pigmented violaceous papules at the root of the penis in evolution for a year. Reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM) suggested the diagnosis of bowenoid papulosis, which was confirmed by histopathological examination. The treatment with Imiquimod 5% (3 times/week) and Isoprinosine (4 g/day) was initiated, followed by monitoring of the lesions by repeated RCM examination. The evolution of the patient at 6 weeks of therapy was favourable, with clinical remission of lesions and improvement in RCM aspects of the evaluated skin. In conclusion, RCM represents a useful noninvasive examination method that allows not only the diagnosis but also the follow-up of the treatment response in order to decide the appropriate length of therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Codruta Cozma
- Department of Pathophysiology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Elias University Emergency Hospital, 011461 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ana Maria Celarel
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Elias University Emergency Hospital, 011461 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ioana-Valentina Stoenica
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Elias University Emergency Hospital, 011461 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mihai Lupu
- Department of Dermatology, MEDAS Medical Center, 030447 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Laura Madalina Banciu
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Elias University Emergency Hospital, 011461 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Vlad Mihai Voiculescu
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Elias University Emergency Hospital, 011461 Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Dermatology, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
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2
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Pasmatzi E, Badavanis G, Kapranos N, Monastirli A, Apostolidou A, Tsambaos D. Condylomata acuminata, Bowenoid papulosis, and squamous cell carcinoma, all positive for human papillomavirus type 16/18 DNA, coexisting in the genital area: a case report. ACTA DERMATOVENEROLOGICA ALPINA PANNONICA ET ADRIATICA 2021. [DOI: 10.15570/actaapa.2021.29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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3
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Kreuter A, Silling S, Potthoff A, Oellig F, Michalowitz AL, Wieland U. Human papillomavirus type 67 in cutaneous squamous cell dysplasia and carcinoma. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2021; 35:e807-e809. [PMID: 34242420 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.17496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A Kreuter
- Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Allergology, HELIOS St. Elisabeth Hospital Oberhausen, University Witten/Herdecke, Oberhausen, Germany
| | - S Silling
- Institute of Virology, National Reference Center for Papilloma- and Polyomaviruses, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Koeln, Germany
| | - A Potthoff
- Walk in Ruhr, Center for Sexual Health, St. Elisabeth-Hospital, Department of Dermatology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - F Oellig
- Institute of Pathology, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Mülheim, Germany
| | - A L Michalowitz
- Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Allergology, HELIOS St. Elisabeth Hospital Oberhausen, University Witten/Herdecke, Oberhausen, Germany
| | - U Wieland
- Institute of Virology, National Reference Center for Papilloma- and Polyomaviruses, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Koeln, Germany
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4
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Araújo MG, Magalhães GM, Garcia LC, Vieira ÉC, Carvalho-Leite MDLRD, Guedes ACM. Update on human papillomavirus - Part II: complementary diagnosis, treatment and prophylaxis. An Bras Dermatol 2021; 96:125-138. [PMID: 33637397 PMCID: PMC8007546 DOI: 10.1016/j.abd.2020.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
In this nonsystematic review, the complementary diagnosis, treatment, prevention, and control of human papillomavirus are discussed. The histopathology is addressed regarding its indications, main findings and limitations, as a complementary diagnostic method largely used by dermatologists. Electron microscopy is briefly reviewed, along with its contribution to the accumulated knowledge on HPV, as well as the relevance of research in using this technology for future advances in diagnosis and treatment. Molecular information about the virus is continuously increasing, and the practical applications of HPV serology, molecular identification and genotyping are discussed. Vaccines are a valuable tool in primary HPV infection prevention and are now available in many countries; their composition, indications, and adverse effects are revisited. Local and systemic treatment options are reviewed and off-label prescriptions are discussed. Finally, health education focusing on HPV infection as a sexually transmitted infection of worldwide relevance and the many barriers to improve primary and secondary prevention are addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcelo Grossi Araújo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil; Dermatology Service, Hospital das Clínicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
| | - Geraldo Magela Magalhães
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil; Dermatology Service, Hospital das Clínicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Lucas Campos Garcia
- Dermatology Service, Hospital das Clínicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Érica Cristina Vieira
- Dermatology Service, Hospital das Clínicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Antônio Carlos Martins Guedes
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil; Dermatology Service, Hospital das Clínicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
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5
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Magalhães GM, Vieira ÉC, Garcia LC, De Carvalho-Leite MDLR, Guedes ACM, Araújo MG. Update on human papilloma virus - part I: epidemiology, pathogenesis, and clinical spectrum. An Bras Dermatol 2021; 96:1-16. [PMID: 33341319 PMCID: PMC7838122 DOI: 10.1016/j.abd.2020.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Infection with human papilloma virus (HPV) is related to a great number of cutaneous and mucosal manifestations. The spectrum of HPV ranges from inapparent infections, through various clinical benign presentations including cutaneous and mucosal disease, to malignant and premalignant conditions. New HPV types are currently described in the literature; many of them are characterized as high-risk types due to their oncogenic potential. Knowledge regarding their epidemiology and pathogenesis is important to understand not only infection and disease processes, but also to formulate the clinical and laboratory basis for diagnosis, therapeutics, and prophylactic measures. This non-systematic review aims to discuss and to update those aspects, with an emphasis on relevant topics for dermatologists. HPV infection and related diseases in the Brazilian scenario are highlighted, including common dermatologic conditions seen at clinics as well as the condition of a public health problem as a sexually transmitted infection. The oncogenicity of the virus and the variety of clinical outcomes - especially in the immunocompromised individuals - are addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geraldo Magela Magalhães
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil; Dermatology Service, Hospital das Clínicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Érica Cristina Vieira
- Dermatology Service, Hospital das Clínicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Lucas Campos Garcia
- Dermatology Service, Hospital das Clínicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Antônio Carlos Martins Guedes
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil; Dermatology Service, Hospital das Clínicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Grossi Araújo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil; Dermatology Service, Hospital das Clínicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
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Van Schandevyl S, Coorevits L, Boelens J, Traen A, Bingé L, Praet M, Van Dorpe J, Padalko E. Detection of human papillomavirus 67 single infection in high‐grade cervical lesions: Case report and review of literature. Diagn Cytopathol 2018; 47:251-254. [DOI: 10.1002/dc.24067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2018] [Revised: 07/17/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Liselotte Coorevits
- Department of Laboratory MedicineGhent University Hospital Ghent Belgium
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Microbiology and ImmunologyGhent University Ghent Belgium
| | - Jerina Boelens
- Department of Laboratory MedicineGhent University Hospital Ghent Belgium
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Microbiology and ImmunologyGhent University Ghent Belgium
| | | | | | - Marleen Praet
- Department of PathologyGhent University and Ghent University Hospital Ghent Belgium
| | - Jo Van Dorpe
- Department of PathologyGhent University and Ghent University Hospital Ghent Belgium
| | - Elizaveta Padalko
- Department of Laboratory MedicineGhent University Hospital Ghent Belgium
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Microbiology and ImmunologyGhent University Ghent Belgium
- School of Life SciencesHasselt University Diepenbeek Belgium
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7
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Kupetsky EA, Charles CA, Mones J. High-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion of the oral commissure (bowenoid papulosis). A case and review. Dermatol Pract Concept 2015; 5:39-42. [PMID: 26693089 PMCID: PMC4667601 DOI: 10.5826/dpc.0504a10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Carlos A Charles
- Derma di Colore, New York, NY, USA ; Department of Dermatology, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Joan Mones
- Ackerman Academy of Dermatopathology, New York, NY, USA
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8
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Shimizu A, Kato M, Takeuchi Y, Sano T, Kaira K, Uezato H, Ishikawa O. Detection of human papillomavirus (
HPV
) in patients with squamous cell carcinoma and the clinical characteristics of
HPV
‐positive cases. Br J Dermatol 2014; 171:779-85. [DOI: 10.1111/bjd.13234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Shimizu
- Department of Dermatology Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine 3‐39‐22 Showa‐machi Maebashi Gunma371‐8511 Japan
| | - M. Kato
- Department of Dermatology Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine 3‐39‐22 Showa‐machi Maebashi Gunma371‐8511 Japan
| | - Y. Takeuchi
- Department of Dermatology Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine 3‐39‐22 Showa‐machi Maebashi Gunma371‐8511 Japan
| | - T. Sano
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine 3‐39‐22 Showa‐machi Maebashi Gunma371‐8511 Japan
| | - K. Kaira
- Department of Oncology Clinical Development Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine 3‐39‐22 Showa‐machi Maebashi Gunma371‐8511 Japan
| | - H. Uezato
- Department of Dermatology Graduate School of Medicine University of the Ryukyus 207 Uehara Nishihara Okinawa 903‐0215 Japan
| | - O. Ishikawa
- Department of Dermatology Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine 3‐39‐22 Showa‐machi Maebashi Gunma371‐8511 Japan
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10
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11
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Tao XH, Shen JG, Pan WL, Dong YE, Meng Q, Honn KV, Jin R. Significance of SHP-1 and SHP-2 expression in human papillomavirus infected Condyloma acuminatum and cervical cancer. Pathol Oncol Res 2008; 14:365-71. [PMID: 18543080 DOI: 10.1007/s12253-008-9065-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2008] [Accepted: 05/06/2008] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Human papillomaviruses (HPVs) are a group of DNA viruses that infect the skin and mucous membranes. Type HPV6/11 is closely related to Condyloma acuminatum, while HPV16/18 is the principal cause of cervical cancer. In this study, we examined the expression of protein tyrosine phosphatases SHP-1 and SHP-2 in Condyloma acuminatum, cervical cancer and the relationship between SHP-1/SHP2 expression and HPV infection. Forty Condyloma acuminatum cases, 20 cervical cancer cases and 20 normal human foreskins were examined for HPV infection by in situ hybridization and the expression of SHP-1 and SHP-2 were examined by immunohistochemistry. Results demonstrated that positive expression rates of HPV6/11, HPV16/18, and HPV31/33 were 98%, 10%, and 7.5% in Condyloma acuminatum, 10%, 85%, and 25% in cervical cancer. Only one normal foreskin demonstrated positive staining for HPV16/18. Positive expression rates of SHP-1 and SHP-2 were 80% and 85% in Condyloma acuminatum, 85% and 90% in cervical cancer. The SHP-1 and SHP-2 expressions were mainly distributed in the prickle layer of Condyloma acuminatum and were diffusely distributed in cervical cancer cells. Only 35% and 30% of foreskins demonstrated weak staining in the basal layer cells. There were statistically significant correlations among the infection of HPV and the expression of SHP-1 and SHP-2 in both Condyloma acuminatum and cervical cancer (P < 0.05). SHP-1 expression has a positive correlation with SHP-2 expression. Our results demonstrate putative roles of SHP-1 and SHP-2 in the progression of both Condyloma acuminatum and cervical cancer after HPV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-hua Tao
- Department of Dermatology, Zhejiang Province People's Hospital, Hangzhou, China
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12
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Terzian LR, Festa Neto C, Pimentel ERDA. Fatores preditivos do maior número de estádios na cirurgia micrográfica de Mohs para o tratamento do carcinoma espinocelular da cabeça. An Bras Dermatol 2008. [DOI: 10.1590/s0365-05962008000300005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
FUNDAMENTOS: Os carcinomas espinocelulares da pele da cabeça têm como opção terapêutica mais segura a cirurgia micrográfica de Mohs, que apresenta os menores índices de recidiva e a máxima preservação tecidual. Características dos carcinomas espinocelulares podem estar relacionadas a maior número de estádios cirúrgicos. OBJETIVO: Definir características dos carcinomas espinocelulares que sejam preditoras de maior número de estádios na cirurgia de Mohs. MÉTODOS: Análise retrospectiva de 51 carcinomas espinocelulares da cabeça tratados pela cirurgia de Mohs para determinar fatores de risco de maior número de estádios. Foram analisados limites clínicos, morfologia, recidiva, histologia e tamanho, relacionando-os ao número de estádios cirúrgicos. A análise estatística foi realizada pelo teste exato de Fisher e regressão logística multivariada. RESULTADOS: Os carcinomas recidivados tiveram tendência a maior número de estádios (p=0,081). Os tumores com limites imprecisos apresentaram três vezes mais possibilidades de maior número de fases na análise da razão de chances. Esse achado foi compatível com dados da literatura, apesar de não ter sido estatisticamente significante. CONCLUSÃO: Características pré-operatórias dos carcinomas espinocelulares, como recidiva e limites imprecisos, apesar de não preditivas, indicaram tendência a maior número de estádios na cirurgia micrográfica de Mohs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luiz Roberto Terzian
- Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo; Faculdade de Medicina do ABC, Brasil
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Kreuter A, Brockmeyer NH, Pfister H, Altmeyer P, Wieland U. Increased human papillomavirus type 31 DNA load in a verrucous high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia of a human immunodeficiency virus-infected patient with extensive bowenoid papulosis. Br J Dermatol 2007; 156:596-8. [PMID: 17300265 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2133.2007.07690.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- Volker Wienert
- Leiter der SubkommissionenProktologie und Phlebologie, Hautklinik der Med. Fakultät, Rheinisch-Westfälische Technische, Hochschule, Aachen.
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15
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Micali G, Nasca MR, Innocenzi D, Schwartz RA. Penile cancer. J Am Acad Dermatol 2006; 54:369-91; quiz 391-4. [PMID: 16488287 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2005.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2004] [Revised: 03/30/2005] [Accepted: 05/03/2005] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Penile cancer, while relatively rare in the western world, remains a disease with severe morbidity and mortality, not to mention significant psychological ramifications. Furthermore, the disease is observed with dramatically increased incidence in other parts of the world. A review of the literature has shown that the overwhelming majority of penile cancers are in situ or invasive squamous cell carcinomas, including a well-differentiated variant, verrucous carcinoma. Important predisposing factors are lack of circumcision, human papillomavirus infections, and penile lichen sclerosus, although other factors have occasionally been reported as well. Prevention, careful monitoring of patients at risk, and early diagnosis are essential to reduce the incidence of penile carcinoma and to provide a definitive cure. Public health measures, such as prophylactic use of circumcision, have proved successful but are controversial. Also, no standard therapeutic guidelines as to the best treatment strategy according to different stages, including efficacy of conservative nonsurgical modalities and indications for lymph nodal dissection, are available so far. It is common opinion that penile cancer is an emerging problem that deserves further investigations, and physicians, especially dermatologists, should be aware of this issue. LEARNING OBJECTIVE At the completion of this learning activity, participants should be familiar with penile carcinoma, its risk factors, its clinical and histologic presentation, and the treatments currently available for its management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Micali
- Department of Dermatology, University of Catania School of Medicine, Catania, Italy.
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16
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Rinaggio J, Glick M, Lambert WC. Oral bowenoid papulosis in an HIV-positive male. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006; 101:328-32. [PMID: 16504866 DOI: 10.1016/j.tripleo.2005.02.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2004] [Revised: 01/11/2005] [Accepted: 02/23/2005] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Bowenoid papulosis (BP) is a condition triggered by human papillomavirus infection and characterized by the development of 1 or more warty lesions, usually in the anogenital region. Although the oral cavity has been known to host several types of warts, thus far only 4 cases of BP have been reported in this anatomic site. We describe a 42-year-old male with AIDS who presented with numerous papillary lesions of the labial mucosa and vermilion. Biopsy yielded a diagnosis of BP. Treatment of the condition consisted of intralesional and subcutaneous injections of interferon-alpha followed by topical application of imiquimod 5% cream. Neither regimen resulted in resolution of the lesions. To our knowledge, this represents the first case of BP arising in the oral mucosa of an HIV-infected individual.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Rinaggio
- Department of Diagnostic Sciences, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey-New Jersey Dental School, Newark, NJ 07103-2400, USA.
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17
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Degener AM, Laino L, Pierangeli A, Accappaticcio G, Innocenzi D, Pala S. Human papillomavirus-32-positive extragenital Bowenoid papulosis (BP) in a HIV patient with typical genital BP localization. Sex Transm Dis 2005; 31:619-22. [PMID: 15389001 DOI: 10.1097/01.olq.0000140017.86696.71] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Bowenoid papulosis (BP) is characterized by multiple maculopapular lesions of the genitalia; extragenital localization is rarely found. Human papillomavirus (HPV) type 16 has been found in most cases of BP, but the other HPV genotypes associated with BP had been poorly characterized. GOAL We describe an extragenital BP with concomitant genital involvement in an HIV-positive woman. STUDY Several HPV gene-specific amplifications and sequencing were performed on DNA extracted from biopsy samples. RESULTS The presence of HPV-16 DNA in anogenital and HPV-32 DNA in lip lesions was demonstrated in the absence of any other HPV type and with no coinfection. Semiquantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis revealed that HPV-16 and -32 DNA sequences are in the episomal state. CONCLUSIONS This is the first report of BP associated with HPV-32 (the causative agent of a benign hyperplasia) and a rare case of BP associated with 2 HPV types in the same patient. The immune depression could have modified the normal benign progression of the extragenital lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Marta Degener
- Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale e Patologia, Sezione di Virologia, Viale di Porta Tiburtina, n. 28, 00185- Rome, Italy.
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18
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Hama N, Ohtsuka T, Yamazaki S. Elevated Amount of Human Papillomavirus 31 DNA in a Squamous Cell Carcinoma Developed from Bowenoid Papulosis. Dermatology 2004; 209:329-32. [PMID: 15539898 DOI: 10.1159/000080858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2003] [Accepted: 05/14/2004] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
A 50-year-old woman presented with asymptomatic, multiple black macules on the genitalia for 6 months. She presented multiple, round to irregularly shaped, black macules on her labia major and perineum. A keratotic reddish nodule was found on one of the macules. The results of laboratory investigations showed pancytopenia and a decreased CD4/CD8 ratio. A lymphocyte stimulation test showed a decreased response. The histological examination of a biopsy specimen led us to the diagnosis of bowenoid papulosis (BP) for the macules and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) for the nodule. The macules and nodule were removed successfully. An elevated amount of HPV DNA was demonstrated in SCC compared with that of BP. The HPV DNA in SCC and BP was shown to be HPV-31. These observations indicated that the elevated amount of HPV-31 DNA could have led to the emergence of SCC from BP under the condition of decreased cellular immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Hama
- Department of Dermatology, Dokkyo University School of Medicine, Tochigi, Japan
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19
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Mikuz G, Winstanley AM, Schulman CC, Debruyne FMJ, Parkinson CM. Handling and Pathology Reporting of Circumcision and Penectomy Specimens. Eur Urol 2004; 46:434-9. [PMID: 15363555 DOI: 10.1016/j.eururo.2004.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/16/2004] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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20
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Wiley DJ, Douglas J, Beutner K, Cox T, Fife K, Moscicki AB, Fukumoto L. External genital warts: diagnosis, treatment, and prevention. Clin Infect Dis 2002; 35:S210-24. [PMID: 12353208 DOI: 10.1086/342109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 254] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
External genital warts (EGWs) are visible warts that occur in the perigenital and perianal regions. They are due primarily to non-oncogenic human papillomavirus (HPV) types, usually types 6 and 11. Physical examination assisted by bright light and magnification is the recommended approach for primary diagnosis. Biopsy is indicated when EGWs are fixed to underlying structures or discolored or when standard therapies are not effective. Recurrences are common, and there is no single treatment that is superior to others. Among women with atypical squamous cells, molecular HPV testing may be useful in determining who should be referred for colposcopy. Condoms may provide some protection against HPV-related diseases and thus are recommended in new sexual relationships and when partnerships are not mutually monogamous. Because the efficacy of cesarean section in preventing vertical transmission of HPV infection from women with EGWs to their progeny has not been proved, it is not recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- D J Wiley
- Division of Primary Care, School of Nursing, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095-6919, USA.
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