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Ma EZ, Deng J, Parthasarathy V, Lee KK, Pritchard T, Guo S, Zhang C, Kwatra MM, Le A, Kwatra SG. Integrated plasma metabolomic and cytokine analysis reveals a distinct immunometabolic signature in atopic dermatitis. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1354128. [PMID: 38558806 PMCID: PMC10978712 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1354128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Importance Disease models for atopic dermatitis (AD) have primarily focused on understanding underlying environmental, immunologic, and genetic etiologies. However, the role of metabolic mechanisms in AD remains understudied. Objective To investigate the circulating blood metabolomic and cytokine profile of AD as compared to healthy control patients. Design This study collected plasma from 20 atopic dermatitis with moderate-to-severe itch (score of ≥5 on the itch Numeric Rating Scale and IGA score ≥3) and 24 healthy control patients. Mass-spectrometry based metabolite data were compared between AD and healthy controls. Unsupervised and supervised machine learning algorithms and univariate analysis analyzed metabolic concentrations. Metabolite enrichment and pathway analyses were performed on metabolites with significant fold change between AD and healthy control patients. To investigate the correlation between metabolites levels and cytokines, Spearman's rank correlation coefficients were calculated between metabolites and cytokines. Setting Patients were recruited from the Johns Hopkins Itch Center and dermatology outpatient clinics in the Johns Hopkins Outpatient Center. Participants The study included 20 atopic dermatitis patients and 24 healthy control patients. Main outcomes and measures Fold changes of metabolites in AD vs healthy control plasma. Results In patients with AD, amino acids isoleucine, tyrosine, threonine, tryptophan, valine, methionine, and phenylalanine, the amino acid derivatives creatinine, indole-3-acrylic acid, acetyl-L-carnitine, L-carnitine, 2-hydroxycinnamic acid, N-acetylaspartic acid, and the fatty amide oleamide had greater than 2-fold decrease (all P-values<0.0001) compared to healthy controls. Enriched metabolites were involved in branched-chain amino acid (valine, leucine, and isoleucine) degradation, catecholamine biosynthesis, thyroid hormone synthesis, threonine metabolism, and branched and long-chain fatty acid metabolism. Dysregulated metabolites in AD were positively correlated cytokines TARC and MCP-4 and negatively correlated with IL-1a and CCL20. Conclusions and relevance Our study characterized novel dysregulated circulating plasma metabolites and metabolic pathways that may be involved in the pathogenesis of AD. These metabolic pathways serve as potential future biomarkers and therapeutic targets in the treatment of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Z. Ma
- Department of Dermatology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Maryland Itch Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Junwen Deng
- Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Varsha Parthasarathy
- Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Kevin K. Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Thomas Pritchard
- Department of Dermatology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Maryland Itch Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Shenghao Guo
- Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Cissy Zhang
- Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Madan M. Kwatra
- Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States
- Anesthesiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Anne Le
- Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Shawn G. Kwatra
- Department of Dermatology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Maryland Itch Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
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Blask C, Schulze J, Rümpel S, Süße M, Grothe M, Gross S, Dressel A, Müller R, Ruhnau J, Vogelgesang A. Modulation of cytokine release from peripheral blood mononuclear cells from multiple sclerosis patients by coenzyme A and soraphen A. J Neuroimmunol 2023; 381:578135. [PMID: 37364515 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2023.578135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
By applying the acetyl-CoA-carboxylase inhibitors soraphen A (SorA) and coenzyme A (CoA) ex vivo, we aimed to reduce proinflammatory cytokine release by PBMCs and increase anti-inflammatory cytokine levels, thereby demonstrating a possible application of those pathways in future multiple sclerosis (MS) therapy. In a prospective exploratory monocentric study, we analysed cytokine production by PBMCs treated with SorA (10 or 50 nM) and CoA (600 μM). Thirty-one MS patients were compared to 18 healthy age-matched controls. We demonstrated the immunomodulatory potential of SorA and CoA in targeting the immune function of MS patients, with an overall reduction of cytokines except of IL-2, IL-6 and IL-10.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolin Blask
- Dept. of Neurology, University Medicine Greifswald, Germany
| | | | - Sarah Rümpel
- Dept. of Neurology, University Medicine Greifswald, Germany
| | - Marie Süße
- Dept. of Neurology, University Medicine Greifswald, Germany
| | | | - Stefan Gross
- Dept. of Internal Medicine B, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | | | - Rolf Müller
- Department of Microbial Natural Products, Helmholtz-Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI) and Department of Pharmacy, Saarland University, Campus E8 1, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Johanna Ruhnau
- Dept. of Neurology, University Medicine Greifswald, Germany.
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Villarreal-Martinez A, Martinez-de-Villarreal LE, Gomez-Flores M, Chavez-Alvarez S, Cerda-Flores R, Ocampo-Candiani J, Ruiz-Herrera C, Rodriguez-Rivera MR, Villarreal-Perez JZ, Gonzalez-Gonzalez JG, Calvo-Anguiano G. Mitochondrial dysfunction: The pathological link between psoriasis and insulin resistance? J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2023; 37:340-347. [PMID: 36184894 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.18631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Psoriasis is strongly associated with insulin resistance (IR). Lipid profile disturbances and upregulation of enzymes crucial for fatty acid oxidation have been reported in patients with psoriasis. Mitochondrial ß-oxidation is altered in patients with IR. Common mitochondrial dysfunction may be involved in the origin of both diseases. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to evaluate mitochondrial ß-oxidation, intermediary metabolism, and mitochondrial content in psoriatic patients with or without IR and compare them to healthy controls. METHODS The participants were divided into three groups: (1) psoriasis and IR (n = 26); (2) psoriasis without IR (n = 17); and (3) healthy controls (n = 17). Quantification of amino acids and acylcarnitines (AC) by tandem mass spectrometry, determination of urinary organic acids by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS), and mitochondrial DNA quantification were performed in all groups. RESULTS When comparisons were made between the two psoriatic groups, no differences were found between: C5DC + C6OH, C16:1, Met/Leu, Met/Phe, C16:1/C16, and C5DC + C6OH/C4DC + C5OH ratios. Nine analytes were different: phenylalanine, Cit/Phe, and Cit/Tyr ratios, C0, C3, C5, C6DC, C16, and C18:1OH. There were no correlations between psoriasis area and severity index (PASI), body mass index (BMI) and duration of disease with ACs. A higher proportion of patients with psoriasis showed increased urine levels of uric acid and hippuric acid (p = 0.01). The mtDNA content was significantly higher in cases than in controls, with no differences between IR and non-IR psoriatic patients. CONCLUSIONS Psoriasis patients with and without IR have a different acylcarnitine profile reflecting impaired ß-oxidation. A distinctive profile of acylcarnitines suggests an involvement of mitochondrial function associated with an increase in stearoyl CoA desaturase (SCD) activity in psoriatic patients with and without IR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandra Villarreal-Martinez
- Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital Universitario "Dr. José E. González", Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey, Mexico
| | | | - Minerva Gomez-Flores
- Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital Universitario "Dr. José E. González", Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey, Mexico
| | - Sonia Chavez-Alvarez
- Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital Universitario "Dr. José E. González", Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey, Mexico
| | - Ricardo Cerda-Flores
- Departamento de Genética de Poblaciones. Facultad de Enfermería, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey, Mexico
| | - Jorge Ocampo-Candiani
- Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital Universitario "Dr. José E. González", Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey, Mexico
| | - Consuelo Ruiz-Herrera
- Departamento de Genética, Hospital Universitario "Dr. José E. González", Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey, Mexico
| | - Marcelo R Rodriguez-Rivera
- Departamento de Genética, Hospital Universitario "Dr. José E. González", Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey, Mexico
| | - Jesús Zacarías Villarreal-Perez
- Servicio de Endocrinología, Hospital Universitario "Dr. José E. González", Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey, Mexico
| | - José Gerardo Gonzalez-Gonzalez
- Servicio de Endocrinología, Hospital Universitario "Dr. José E. González", Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey, Mexico
| | - Geovana Calvo-Anguiano
- Departamento de Genética, Hospital Universitario "Dr. José E. González", Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey, Mexico
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Kruglikov IL, Zhang Z, Scherer PE. Phenotypical Conversions of Dermal Adipocytes as Pathophysiological Steps in Inflammatory Cutaneous Disorders. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:3828. [PMID: 35409189 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23073828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Adipocytes from the superficial layer of subcutaneous adipose tissue undergo cyclic de- and re-differentiation, which can significantly influence the development of skin inflammation under different cutaneous conditions. This inflammation can be connected with local loading of the reticular dermis with lipids released due to de-differentiation of adipocytes during the catagen phase of the hair follicle cycle. Alternatively, the inflammation parallels a widespread release of cathelicidin, which typically takes place in the anagen phase (especially in the presence of pathogens). Additionally, trans-differentiation of dermal adipocytes into myofibroblasts, which can occur under some pathological conditions, can be responsible for the development of collateral scarring in acne. Here, we provide an overview of such cellular conversions in the skin and discuss their possible involvement in the pathophysiology of inflammatory skin conditions, such as acne and psoriasis.
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Chen C, Hou G, Zeng C, Ren Y, Chen X, Peng C. Metabolomic profiling reveals amino acid and carnitine alterations as metabolic signatures in psoriasis. Theranostics 2021; 11:754-767. [PMID: 33391503 PMCID: PMC7738860 DOI: 10.7150/thno.51154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
High-throughput metabolite profiling provides the opportunity to reveal metabolic mechanisms and identify biomarkers. Psoriasis is an immune-mediated chronic inflammatory disease. However, the role of metabolism in psoriasis pathogenesis remains unclear. Methods: Plasma samples of individuals (45 psoriasis and 45 sex-, age-, and BMI-matched healthy controls) were collected. Non-targeted metabolomics and amino acid- or carnitine-targeted metabolomics were conducted, then, plasma samples of mice induced by imiquimod (IMQ) were subjected to the amino acid- and carnitine-targeted metabolomic profiling. Flow cytometry was used to study the effect of L-carnitine (LC(C0)) on IMQ-induced psoriatic inflammation. Results: Through the non-targeted metabolomics approach, we detected significantly altered amino acids and carnitines in psoriasis patients. Amino acid-targeted metabolomic profiling identified 37 amino acids altered in psoriasis, of these 23 were markedly upregulated, including essential amino acids (EAAs), and branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs), whereas glutamine, cysteine, and asparagine were significantly down-regulated. Carnitine-targeted metabolomic profiling identified 40 significantly altered carnitines, 14 of which included palmitoylcarnitine (C16) and were markedly downregulated in psoriasis, whereas hexanoylcarnitine (C6) and 3-OH-octadecenoylcarnitine (C18:1-OH) were significantly upregulated. Interestingly, glutamine, asparagine, and C16 levels were negatively correlated with the PASI score. Moreover, a higher abundance of LC(C0) was associated with markedly reduced IMQ-induced epidermal thickening and infiltration of Th17 cells in skin lesions, indicating LC(C0) supplementation as a potential therapy for psoriasis treatment. Conclusion: Our results suggested the metabolism of amino acids and carnitines are significantly altered in psoriasis, especially the metabolism of EAAs, BCAAs, and LC(C0), which may play key roles in the pathogenesis of psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
| | - Guixue Hou
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518083, China
| | - Chunwei Zeng
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518083, China
| | - Yan Ren
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518083, China
| | - Xiang Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
| | - Cong Peng
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China
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Zhang Z, Kruglikov I, Zhao S, Zi Z, Gliniak CM, Li N, Wang M, Zhu Q, Kusminski CM, Scherer PE. Dermal adipocytes contribute to the metabolic regulation of dermal fibroblasts. Exp Dermatol 2020; 30:102-111. [DOI: 10.1111/exd.14181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2020] [Revised: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhuzhen Zhang
- Touchstone Diabetes Center University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center Dallas TX USA
| | | | - Shangang Zhao
- Touchstone Diabetes Center University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center Dallas TX USA
| | - Zhenzhen Zi
- Department of Biochemistry University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center Dallas TX USA
| | - Christy M. Gliniak
- Touchstone Diabetes Center University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center Dallas TX USA
| | - Na Li
- Touchstone Diabetes Center University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center Dallas TX USA
| | - May‐yun Wang
- Touchstone Diabetes Center University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center Dallas TX USA
| | - Qingzhang Zhu
- Touchstone Diabetes Center University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center Dallas TX USA
| | - Christine M. Kusminski
- Touchstone Diabetes Center University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center Dallas TX USA
| | - Philipp E. Scherer
- Touchstone Diabetes Center University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center Dallas TX USA
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Yao CH, Wang L, Stancliffe E, Sindelar M, Cho K, Yin W, Wang Y, Patti GJ. Dose-Response Metabolomics To Understand Biochemical Mechanisms and Off-Target Drug Effects with the TOXcms Software. Anal Chem 2020; 92:1856-1864. [PMID: 31804057 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b03811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Small-molecule drugs and toxicants commonly interact with more than a single protein target, each of which may have unique effects on cellular phenotype. Although untargeted metabolomics is often applied to understand the mode of action of these chemicals, simple pairwise comparisons of treated and untreated samples are insufficient to resolve the effects of disrupting two or more independent protein targets. Here, we introduce a workflow for dose-response metabolomics to evaluate chemicals that potentially affect multiple proteins with different potencies. Our approach relies on treating samples with various concentrations of compound prior to analysis with mass spectrometry-based metabolomics. Data are then processed with software we developed called TOXcms, which statistically evaluates dose-response trends for each metabolomic signal according to user-defined tolerances and subsequently groups those that follow the same pattern. Although TOXcms was built upon the XCMS framework, it is compatible with any metabolomic data-processing software. Additionally, to enable correlation of dose responses beyond those that can be measured by metabolomics, TOXcms also accepts data from respirometry, cell death assays, other omic platforms, etc. In this work, we primarily focus on applying dose-response metabolomics to find off-target effects of drugs. Using metformin and etomoxir as examples, we demonstrate that each group of dose-response patterns identified by TOXcms signifies a metabolic response to a different protein target with a unique drug binding affinity. TOXcms is freely available on our laboratory website at http://pattilab.wustl.edu/software/toxcms .
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Weitong Yin
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics , University of North Carolina at Charlotte , Charlotte , North Carolina 28223 , United States
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Selka A, Doiron JA, Lyons P, Dastous S, Chiasson A, Cormier M, Turcotte S, Surette ME, Touaibia M. Discovery of a novel 2,5-dihydroxycinnamic acid-based 5-lipoxygenase inhibitor that induces apoptosis and may impair autophagic flux in RCC4 renal cancer cells. Eur J Med Chem 2019; 179:347-357. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.06.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Revised: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 06/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Sasaki-Iwaoka H, Taguchi K, Okada Y, Imamura E, Kubo S, Furukawa S, Morokata T. AS2762900-00, a potent anti-human IL-23 receptor monoclonal antibody, prevents epidermal hyperplasia in a psoriatic human skin xenograft model. Eur J Pharmacol 2019; 843:190-198. [PMID: 30472202 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2018.11.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2018] [Revised: 11/17/2018] [Accepted: 11/21/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Interleukin (IL)-23 is thought to be critical in the pathogenesis of psoriasis, and anti-IL-23 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) have been approved for the treatment of psoriasis. We speculated that an anti-IL-23 receptor mAb might have greater efficacy than an anti-IL-23 mAb in the treatment of local inflamed lesions with high IL-23 levels. We previously generated an anti-human IL-23 receptor mAb, AS2762900-00, which potently blocked IL-23-induced cell proliferation, regardless of the concentration of IL-23. Here, we evaluated the therapeutic potential of AS2762900-00 in the treatment of psoriasis. Compared with untreated control, AS2762900-00 significantly reduced the epidermal thickness of lesions in a clinically relevant psoriatic human skin xenograft model. The expression of inflammatory genes including genes downstream of IL-23 signaling in the lesion tended to be lower in the AS2762900-00 group than the untreated group, suggesting that the inhibitory effects of AS2762900-00 in the psoriatic human skin xenograft model might occur via blockade of IL-23 signaling pathways. Further, AS2762900-00 showed an inhibitory effect on signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) phosphorylation as a downstream signal of IL-23 receptor activation in whole blood from patients with psoriasis. We also confirmed that AS2762900-00 inhibited IL-23-induced STAT3 phosphorylation in a concentration-dependent manner using whole blood from healthy donors. These data suggest that AS2762900-00 is a promising drug candidate for the treatment of psoriasis. In addition, STAT3 phosphorylation in whole blood may be a useful biomarker for the evaluation of the pharmacodynamic effects of AS2762900-00 in healthy volunteers in clinical development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haruna Sasaki-Iwaoka
- Drug Discovery Research, Astellas Pharma Inc., 21 Miyukigaoka, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki 305-8585, Japan.
| | - Katsunari Taguchi
- Drug Discovery Research, Astellas Pharma Inc., 21 Miyukigaoka, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki 305-8585, Japan
| | - Yohei Okada
- Drug Discovery Research, Astellas Pharma Inc., 21 Miyukigaoka, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki 305-8585, Japan
| | - Emiko Imamura
- Drug Discovery Research, Astellas Pharma Inc., 21 Miyukigaoka, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki 305-8585, Japan
| | - Satoshi Kubo
- Drug Discovery Research, Astellas Pharma Inc., 21 Miyukigaoka, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki 305-8585, Japan
| | - Shigetada Furukawa
- Drug Discovery Research, Astellas Pharma Inc., 21 Miyukigaoka, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki 305-8585, Japan
| | - Tatsuaki Morokata
- Drug Discovery Research, Astellas Pharma Inc., 21 Miyukigaoka, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki 305-8585, Japan
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Ottas A, Fishman D, Okas TL, Kingo K, Soomets U. The metabolic analysis of psoriasis identifies the associated metabolites while providing computational models for the monitoring of the disease. Arch Dermatol Res 2017; 309:519-528. [PMID: 28695330 PMCID: PMC5577063 DOI: 10.1007/s00403-017-1760-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2016] [Revised: 03/13/2017] [Accepted: 07/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The majority of studies on psoriasis have focused on explaining the genetic background and its associations with the immune system’s response. The aim of this study was to identify the low-molecular weight compounds contributing to the metabolomic profile of psoriasis and to provide computational models that help with the classification and monitoring of the severity of the disease. We compared the results from targeted and untargeted analyses of patients’ serums with plaque psoriasis to controls. The main differences were found in the concentrations of acylcarnitines, phosphatidylcholines, amino acids, urea, phytol, and 1,11-undecanedicarboxylic acid. The data from the targeted analysis were used to build classification models for psoriasis. The results from this study provide an overview of the metabolomic serum profile of psoriasis along with promising statistical models for the monitoring of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aigar Ottas
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Ravila 14b, 50411, Tartu, Estonia.
- Centre of Excellence for Genomics and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.
| | - Dmytro Fishman
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Institute of Computer Science, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
- Quretec OÜ, Tartu, Estonia
| | | | - Külli Kingo
- Department of Dermatology, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
- Clinic of Dermatology, Tartu University Hospital, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Ursel Soomets
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Ravila 14b, 50411, Tartu, Estonia
- Centre of Excellence for Genomics and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
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Mørkholt AS, Wiborg O, Nieland JGK, Nielsen S, Nieland JD. Blocking of carnitine palmitoyl transferase 1 potently reduces stress-induced depression in rat highlighting a pivotal role of lipid metabolism. Sci Rep 2017; 7:2158. [PMID: 28526869 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-02343-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2017] [Accepted: 04/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Major depressive disorder is a complex and common mental disease, for which the pathology has not been elucidated. The purpose of this study is to provide knowledge about the importance of mitochondrial dysfunction, dysregulated lipid metabolism and inflammation. Mitochondrial carnitine palmitoyl transferase 1a (CPT1a) is a key molecule involved in lipid metabolism and mutations in CPT1a causing reduced function is hypothesized to have a protective role in the development of depression. Moreover, CPT1a is found to be upregulated in suicide patients with history of depression. Therefore, we hypothesized that inhibition of CPT1a activity can be developed as an innovative treatment strategy for depression. Stress exposure combined with different pharmacological treatment regimens; Etomoxir, CPT1 blocker, and Escitalopram, a favoured antidepressant drug, was applied in state-of-the-art chronic mild stress model. Etomoxir treatment induced statistical significant reduction of anhedonic behavior compared to vehicle treatment (p < 0.0001) and reversed depression-like phenotype in 90% of the rats (p = 0.0007), whereas Escitalopram only proved 57% efficacy. Moreover, Etomoxir revealed downregulation of interferon-γ, interleukin-17α and tumor necrosis factor-α. This indicate that alteration in metabolism is pivotal in the pathogenesis of depression, since CPT1 blockage is highly efficient in treating anhedonia and inflammation, thereby opening up for a novel class of antidepressant medication.
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Musharraf SG, Siddiqui AJ, Shamsi T, Naz A. SERUM metabolomics of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia and acute myeloid leukaemia for probing biomarker molecules. Hematol Oncol 2016; 35:769-777. [PMID: 27283238 DOI: 10.1002/hon.2313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2015] [Revised: 03/15/2016] [Accepted: 05/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Acute leukaemia (AL) is a critical neoplasm of white blood cells. Diagnosing AL requires bone marrow puncture procedure, which many patients do not consent to for it is invasive. Hence sensitive and specific early diagnostic biomarkers are essential for non-invasive diagnosis, new therapeutics and improving the disease prognosis. To differentiate the metabolic alterations associated with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) and acute myeloid leukaemia (AML), we investigated serum of ALL and AML patients in comparison with two controls using gas chromatography coupled with triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry and multivariate statistical analysis. Twenty seven out of 1425 metabolites were found differentiative among ALL, AML, aplastic anaemia (APA) patients and healthy control using p-value ≤ 0.001. ALL is the most dissimilar group from other three groups as in hierarchical clustering showed 72.1% dissimilarity. Model generation using PLSDA gave an overall accuracy of 91.9%. This study helps in metabolic fingerprinting of control and disease serum at high significance levels and could be used for early diagnosing of AL. Based on pathways analysis, fatty acid metabolism is deregulated in patients with AL and may represent an underlying metabolic pathway associated with disease progression. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed Ghulam Musharraf
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan.,H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan
| | - Amna Jabbar Siddiqui
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan
| | - Tahir Shamsi
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan.,National Institute of Blood Diseases and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Arshi Naz
- National Institute of Blood Diseases and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Karachi, Pakistan
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Nowinski SM, Solmonson A, Rundhaug JE, Rho O, Cho J, Lago CU, Riley CL, Lee S, Kohno S, Dao CK, Nikawa T, Bratton SB, Wright CW, Fischer SM, DiGiovanni J, Mills EM. Mitochondrial uncoupling links lipid catabolism to Akt inhibition and resistance to tumorigenesis. Nat Commun 2015; 6:8137. [PMID: 26310111 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms9137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2014] [Accepted: 07/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
To support growth, tumour cells reprogramme their metabolism to simultaneously upregulate macromolecular biosynthesis while maintaining energy production. Uncoupling proteins (UCPs) oppose this phenotype by inducing futile mitochondrial respiration that is uncoupled from ATP synthesis, resulting in nutrient wasting. Here using a UCP3 transgene targeted to the basal epidermis, we show that forced mitochondrial uncoupling inhibits skin carcinogenesis by blocking Akt activation. Similarly, Akt activation is markedly inhibited in UCP3 overexpressing primary human keratinocytes. Mechanistic studies reveal that uncoupling increases fatty acid oxidation and membrane phospholipid catabolism, and impairs recruitment of Akt to the plasma membrane. Overexpression of Akt overcomes metabolic regulation by UCP3, rescuing carcinogenesis. These findings demonstrate that mitochondrial uncoupling is an effective strategy to limit proliferation and tumorigenesis through inhibition of Akt, and illuminate a novel mechanism of crosstalk between mitochondrial metabolism and growth signalling.
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Hall CJ, Boyle RH, Sun X, Wicker SM, Misa JP, Krissansen GW, Print CG, Crosier KE, Crosier PS. Epidermal cells help coordinate leukocyte migration during inflammation through fatty acid-fuelled matrix metalloproteinase production. Nat Commun 2014; 5:3880. [PMID: 24852213 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms4880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2013] [Accepted: 04/11/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In addition to satisfying the metabolic demands of cells, mitochondrial metabolism helps regulate immune cell function. To date, such cell-intrinsic metabolic-immunologic cross-talk has only been described operating in cells of the immune system. Here we show that epidermal cells utilize fatty acid β-oxidation to fuel their contribution to the immune response during cutaneous inflammation. By live imaging metabolic and immunological processes within intact zebrafish embryos during cutaneous inflammation, we uncover a mechanism where elevated β-oxidation-fuelled mitochondria-derived reactive oxygen species within epidermal cells helps guide matrix metalloproteinase-driven leukocyte recruitment. This mechanism requires the activity of a zebrafish homologue of the mammalian mitochondrial enzyme, Immunoresponsive gene 1. This study describes the first example of metabolic reprogramming operating within a non-immune cell type to help control its contribution to the immune response. Targeting of this metabolic-immunologic interface within keratinocytes may prove useful in treating inflammatory dermatoses.
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Abstract
Adipocytes are intimately associated with the dermal compartment of the skin, existing in a specialized dermal depot and displaying dynamic changes in size during tissue homeostasis. However, the roles of adipocytes in cutaneous biology and disease are not well understood. Traditionally, adipocytes within tissues were thought to act as reservoirs of energy, as thermal, or as structural support. In this review, we discuss recent studies revealing the cellular basis of the dynamic development and regenerative capacity of dermal adipocytes associated with the hair cycle and following injury. We discuss and speculate on potential roles of dermal adipocytes in cutaneous biology with an emphasis on communication during hair follicle growth and wound healing. Finally, we explore how alterations in the dermal adipose tissue may support clinical manifestations of cutaneous diseases such as lipodystrophy, obesity, and alopecia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillermo Rivera-Gonzalez
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
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16
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Ensenauer R, Fingerhut R, Schriever SC, Fink B, Becker M, Sellerer NC, Pagel P, Kirschner A, Dame T, Olgemöller B, Röschinger W, Roscher AA. In situ assay of fatty acid β-oxidation by metabolite profiling following permeabilization of cell membranes. J Lipid Res 2012; 53:1012-1020. [PMID: 22345709 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.d022608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Quantitative analysis of mitochondrial FA β-oxidation (FAO) has drawn increasing interest for defining lipid-induced metabolic dysfunctions, such as in obesity-induced insulin resistance, and evaluating pharmacologic strategies to improve β-oxidation function. The aim was to develop a new assay to quantify β-oxidation function in intact mitochondria and with a low amount of cell material. Cell membranes of primary human fibroblasts were permeabilized with digitonin prior to a load with FFA substrate. Following 120 min of incubation, the various generated acylcarnitines were extracted from both cells and incubation medium by protein precipitation/desalting and subjected to solid-phase extraction. A panel of 30 acylcarnitines per well was quantified by MS/MS and normalized to citrate synthase activity to analyze mitochondrial metabolite flux. Pretreatment with bezafibrate and etomoxir revealed stimulating and inhibiting regulatory effects on β-oxidation function, respectively. In addition to the advantage of a much shorter assay time due to in situ permeabilization compared with whole-cell incubation systems, the method allows the detection of multiple acylcarnitines from an only limited amount of intact cells, particularly relevant to the use of primary cells. This novel approach facilitates highly sensitive, simple, and fast monitoring of pharmacological effects on FAO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Regina Ensenauer
- Research Center, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 80337 Munich, Germany.
| | - Ralph Fingerhut
- Laboratory Becker, Olgemöller and Colleagues, 81671 Munich, Germany
| | - Sonja C Schriever
- Research Center, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 80337 Munich, Germany
| | - Barbara Fink
- Research Center, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 80337 Munich, Germany
| | - Marc Becker
- Research Center, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 80337 Munich, Germany
| | - Nina C Sellerer
- Research Center, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 80337 Munich, Germany
| | - Philipp Pagel
- Lehrstuhl für Genomorientierte Bioinformatik, Technische Universität München, 85350 Freising, Germany
| | - Andreas Kirschner
- Lehrstuhl für Genomorientierte Bioinformatik, Technische Universität München, 85350 Freising, Germany
| | - Torsten Dame
- Laboratory Becker, Olgemöller and Colleagues, 81671 Munich, Germany
| | | | - Wulf Röschinger
- Laboratory Becker, Olgemöller and Colleagues, 81671 Munich, Germany
| | - Adelbert A Roscher
- Research Center, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 80337 Munich, Germany
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Shriver LP, Manchester M. Inhibition of fatty acid metabolism ameliorates disease activity in an animal model of multiple sclerosis. Sci Rep 2011; 1:79. [PMID: 22355598 PMCID: PMC3216566 DOI: 10.1038/srep00079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2011] [Accepted: 07/27/2011] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis is an inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system and a leading cause of neurological disability. The complex immunopathology and variable disease course of multiple sclerosis have limited effective treatment of all patients. Altering the metabolism of immune cells may be an attractive strategy to modify their function during autoimmunity. We examined the effect of inhibiting fatty acid metabolism in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), a mouse model of multiple sclerosis. Mice treated with an inhibitor of carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 (CPT-1), the rate-limiting enzyme in the beta-oxidation of fatty acids, showed a reduction in disease severity as well as less inflammation and demyelination. Inhibition of CPT-1 in encephalitogenic T-cells resulted in increased apoptosis and reduced inflammatory cytokine production. These results suggest that disruption of fatty acid metabolism promotes downregulation of inflammation in the CNS and that this metabolic pathway is a potential therapeutic target for multiple sclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leah P Shriver
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California , San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California. 92093. USA
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18
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Ceccarelli SM, Chomienne O, Gubler M, Arduini A. Carnitine Palmitoyltransferase (CPT) Modulators: A Medicinal Chemistry Perspective on 35 Years of Research. J Med Chem 2011; 54:3109-52. [DOI: 10.1021/jm100809g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Simona M. Ceccarelli
- Pharmaceuticals Division, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., CH- 4070 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Odile Chomienne
- Pharmaceuticals Division, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., CH- 4070 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Marcel Gubler
- Pharmaceuticals Division, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., CH- 4070 Basel, Switzerland
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Stenderup K, Rosada C, Alifrangis L, Andersen S, Dam TN. Statistical evaluation and experimental design of a psoriasis xenograft transplantation model treated with cyclosporin A. Exp Dermatol 2011; 20:441-4. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0625.2011.01251.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Rufer AC, Thoma R, Hennig M. Structural insight into function and regulation of carnitine palmitoyltransferase. Cell Mol Life Sci 2009; 66:2489-501. [DOI: 10.1007/s00018-009-0035-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2009] [Revised: 03/18/2009] [Accepted: 04/09/2009] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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Abstract
The trimethylated amino acid l-carnitine plays a key role in the intramitochondrial transport of fatty acids for beta-oxidation and thus serves important functions in energy metabolism. Here, we have tested the hypothesis that l-carnitine, a frequently employed dietary supplement, may also stimulate hair growth by increasing energy supply to the massively proliferating and energy-consuming anagen hair matrix. Hair follicles (HFs) in the anagen VI stage of the hair cycle were cultured in the presence of 0.5-50 microm of l-carnitine-l-tartrate (CT) for 9 days. At day 9, HFs treated with 5 microm or 0.5 microm of CT showed a moderate, but significant stimulation of hair shaft elongation compared with vehicle-treated controls (P < 0.05). Also, CT prolonged the duration of anagen VI, down regulated apoptosis (as measured by TUNEL assay) and up regulated proliferation (as measured by Ki67 immunohistology) of hair matrix keratinocytes (P < 0.5). By immunohistology, intrafollicular immunoreactivity for TGFbeta2, a key catagen-promoting growth factor, in the dermal papilla and TGF-beta II receptor protein in the outer root sheath and dermal papilla was down regulated. As shown by caspase activity assay, caspase 3 and 7, which are known to initiate apoptosis, are down regulated at day 2 and day 4 after treatment of HFs with CT compared with vehicle-treated control indicating that CT has an immediate protective effect on HFs to undergo programmed cell death. Our findings suggest that l-carnitine stimulates human scalp hair growth by up regulation of proliferation and down regulation of apoptosis in follicular keratinocytes in vitro. They further encourage one to explore topical and nutraceutical administration of l-carnitine as a well-tolerated, relatively safe adjuvant treatment in the management of androgenetic alopecia and other forms of hair loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerstin Foitzik
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany.
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Rufer AC, Lomize A, Benz J, Chomienne O, Thoma R, Hennig M. Carnitine palmitoyltransferase 2: analysis of membrane association and complex structure with a substrate analog. FEBS Lett 2007; 581:3247-52. [PMID: 17585909 DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2007.05.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2007] [Revised: 05/29/2007] [Accepted: 05/30/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The mitochondrial membrane-associated carnitine palmitoyltransferase system is a validated target for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. To further facilitate structure-based drug discovery, we determined the crystal structure of rat CPT-2 (rCPT-2) in complex with the substrate analogue palmitoyl-aminocarnitine at 1.8A resolution. Biochemical analyses revealed a strong effect of this compound on rCPT-2 activity and stability. Using a computational approach we examined the membrane association of rCPT-2. The protein interacts with the membrane as a functional monomer and the calculations confirm the presence of a membrane association domain that consists of layers of hydrophobic and positively charged residues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arne C Rufer
- F Hoffmann-La Roche AG, Pharma Research Discovery, Basel, Switzerland
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