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Hassan M, Hussain D, Kanwal T, Xiao HM, Ghulam Musharraf S. Methods for detection and quantification of gelatin from different sources. Food Chem 2024; 438:137970. [PMID: 37988934 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.137970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
Gelatin is a water-soluble protein obtained from the collagen of various animal origins (porcine, bovine, fish, donkey, horse, and deer hide) and has diverse applications in the food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetics industries. Porcine and bovine gelatins are extensively used in food and non-food products; however, their acceptance is limited due to religious prohibitions, whereas fish gelatin is accepted in all religions. In Southeast Asia, especially in China, gelatin obtained from donkey and deer skins is used in medicines. However, both sources suffer from adulteration (mixing different sources of gelatin) due to their limited availability and high cost. Unclear labeling and limited information about actual gelatin sources in gelatin-containing products cause serious concern among societies for halal and fraud authentication of gelatin sources. Therefore, authenticating gelatin sources in gelatin-based products is challenging due to close similarities between the composition differences and degradation of DNA and protein biomarkers in processed gelatin. Thus, different methods have been proposed to identify and quantify different gelatin sources in pharmaceutical and food products. To the best of our knowledge, this systematic and comprehensive review highlights different authentication techniques and their limitations in gelatin detection and quantification in various commercial products. This review also describes halal authentication and adulteration prevention strategies of various gelatin sources, mainly focussing on research gaps, challenges, and future directions in this research area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahjabeen Hassan
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - Dilshad Hussain
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan.
| | - Tehreem Kanwal
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - Hua-Ming Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Oilseeds Processing of Ministry of Agriculture, Hubei Key Laboratory of Lipid Chemistry and Nutrition, Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Syed Ghulam Musharraf
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan.
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Zaidi MB, Khan F, Jameel F, Khan I, Musharraf SG, Salim A. Temporal and differential proteomic profile of molecular mediators associated with chronic and acute wound healing. Cell Biochem Funct 2024; 42:e3946. [PMID: 38379227 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
The underlying pathophysiology of nonhealing chronic wounds is poorly understood due to the changes occurring at the gene level and the complexity arising in their proteomic profile. Here, we elucidated the temporal and differential profile of the normal and diabetic wound-healing mediators along with their interactions and associated pathways. Skin tissues corresponding to normal and diabetic wounds were isolated at Days 0, 3, 6, and 9 representing different healing phases. Temporal gene expression was analyzed by quantitative real-time PCR. Concurrently, differential protein patterns in the wound tissues were identified by Nano LC-ESI-TOF mass spectrometry and later confirmed by Western blot analysis. Gene ontology annotation, protein-protein interaction, and protein pathway analysis were performed using DAVID, PANTHER, and STRING bioinformatics resources. Uniquely identified proteins (complement C3, amyloid beta precursor protein, and cytoplasmic linker associated protein 2) in the diabetic wound tissue implied that these proteins are involved in the pathogenesis of diabetic wound. They exhibit enhanced catalytic activity, trigger pathways linked with inflammation, and negatively regulate wound healing. However, in the normal wound tissue, axin 1, chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan 4, and sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor were identified, which are involved in proliferation, angiogenesis, and remodeling. Our findings demonstrate the correlation between elevated gene expression of tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, and identified mediators: aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator, 5'-aminolevulinate synthase 2, and CXC-family, that inflicted an inflammatory response by activating downstream MAPK, JAK-STAT, and NF-κB pathways. Similarly, in normal wound tissue, the upregulated IL-4 and hepatocyte growth factor levels in conjunction with the identified proteins, serine/threonine-protein kinase mTOR and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma, played a significant role in the cellular response to platelet-derived growth factor stimulus, dermal epithelialization, and cell proliferation, processes associated with the repair mechanism. Furthermore, Western blot analysis indicated elevated levels of inflammatory markers and reduced levels of proliferative and angiogenic factors in the diabetic wound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Midhat Batool Zaidi
- Stem Cell Research Laboratory, Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Faisal Khan
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Fatima Jameel
- Stem Cell Research Laboratory, Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Irfan Khan
- Stem Cell Research Laboratory, Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Syed Ghulam Musharraf
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Asmat Salim
- Stem Cell Research Laboratory, Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
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Kanwal T, Rasheed S, Hassan M, Fatima B, Xiao HM, Musharraf SG, Najam-Ul-Haq M, Hussain D. Smartphone-Assisted EY@MOF-5-Based Dual-Emission Fluorescent Sensor for Rapid On-Site Detection of Daclatasvir and Nitenpyram. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2024; 16:1688-1704. [PMID: 38110286 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c12565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Abstract
Fluorescent metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are promising sensing materials with tunable and robust structural properties and remarkable luminescent capabilities. In this study, a novel dual-emission fluorescent metal-organic framework (EY@MOF-5) composite is synthesized by a one-pot bottle-around-ship approach. Eosin Y (EY) is encapsulated in MOF-5 to enhance its fluorescence properties and selectivity, effectively addressing typical MOF-5 limitations. EY@MOF-5 serves as a versatile dual-functional fluorescent sensor for two different analytes, daclatasvir (DCT) and nitenpyram (NTP), showing an impressive linear range of 10-200 nM and 0.1-300 μM, with detection limits of 233 pM and 65 nM, respectively. The established method is ultrafast, highly sensitive, and extremely selective for DCT and NTP detection in complex biological and food samples. Fluorescence results are compared and validated with the recommended UPLC method. Then, a smartphone-integrated sensing system is introduced for on-site, real-time, and quantitative analysis of DCT and NTP. The smartphone-assisted intelligent sensing method manifests promising results for DCT and NTP monitoring in biological and food samples, demonstrating its promising potential for the on-site detection of biologically and environmentally significant analytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tehreem Kanwal
- HEJ Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Science (ICCBS), University of Karachi, Karachi 75270 Pakistan
| | - Sufian Rasheed
- HEJ Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Science (ICCBS), University of Karachi, Karachi 75270 Pakistan
| | - Mahjabeen Hassan
- HEJ Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Science (ICCBS), University of Karachi, Karachi 75270 Pakistan
| | - Batool Fatima
- Department of Biochemistry, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan
| | - Hua-Ming Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Oilseeds Processing of Ministry of Agriculture, Hubei Key Laboratory of Lipid Chemistry and Nutrition, Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Syed Ghulam Musharraf
- HEJ Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Science (ICCBS), University of Karachi, Karachi 75270 Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Najam-Ul-Haq
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan
| | - Dilshad Hussain
- HEJ Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Science (ICCBS), University of Karachi, Karachi 75270 Pakistan
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Akbar A, Jabbar Siddiqui A, Tarique Moin S, Noman Khan M, Raza A, Khadim A, Usman M, Iqbal Choudhary M, Ghulam Musharraf S. A rapid colorimetric method for the detection of carminic acid in samples based on visible color change. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2023; 302:122953. [PMID: 37392539 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2023.122953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/03/2023]
Abstract
Carminic Acid (CA), an insect-derived red color, is widely used as a colorant and additive in food and non-food items. The detection of CA is of great concern since it is unacceptable for vegetarians and vegans consumers. Therefore, it is important for food authorities to have a rapid detection method for CA. We describe here a simple and rapid method for the qualitative detection of CA, using Pb2+ for complex formation. As a result, the sample solution shows a visible change from pink to purple (bathochromic shift) which could also be analyzed through a spectrophotometer at λmax = 605 nm. The structure of the CA-Pb2+ complex was also studied through advanced spectroscopic techniques. Moreover, the presence of iron results in the formation of a stable CA-Fe2+ complex without any significant color change, as Fe2+ has a stronger binding affinity with CA. Thus, sodium fluoride (NaF) was used to prevent CA-Fe2+ complex formation. Therefore, two methods were developed based on the absence (method I) and presence (method II) of NaF. The LOD and LOQ for the method I was 0.0025 and 0.0076 mg mL-1, and for method II, values were 0.0136 and 0.0415 mg mL-1, respectively. The methods were also validated by intra and inter-day analyses. A total of 45 commercials, including food and non-food samples, were screened for the detection of CA. The developed methods are applicable for the effective and rapid surveillance of CA in various samples without the use of high-tech instruments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azra Akbar
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - Amna Jabbar Siddiqui
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - Syed Tarique Moin
- Third World Center for Science and Technology, H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Noman Khan
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - Ali Raza
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - Adeeba Khadim
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Usman
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - M Iqbal Choudhary
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan; Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan; Halal Certification, Testing and Research Services (HCTRS), H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan; Third World Center for Science and Technology, H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - Syed Ghulam Musharraf
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan; Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan; Halal Certification, Testing and Research Services (HCTRS), H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan.
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Kazi SH, Sheraz MA, Musharraf SG, Ahmed S, Bano R, Haq FU, Anwar Z, Ali R. Analysis of Tolfenamic Acid using a Simple, Rapid, and Stabilityindicating Validated HPLC Method. Antiinflamm Antiallergy Agents Med Chem 2023; 22:AIAAMC-EPUB-132393. [PMID: 37291774 DOI: 10.2174/1871523022666230608094152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 05/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tolfenamic acid (TA) belongs to the fenamates class of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Insufficient information is available regarding the availa-bility of a reliable and validated stability-indicating method for the assay of TA. OBJECTIVE A relatively simple, rapid, accurate, precise, economical, robust, and stability-indicating RP-HPLC method has been developed to determine TA in pure and tablet dosage forms. METHODS The method was validated according to the ICH guideline, and parameters like linearity, range, selectivity, accuracy, precision, robustness, specificity, and solution stability were determined. TLC and FTIR spectrometry were used to ascertain the purity of TA. The specificity was determined with known impurities and after performing forced degradation, while the robustness was established by Plackett-Burman's experimental design. The mobile phase used for the analysis was acetonitrile and water (90:10, v/v) at pH 2.5. The detection of the active drug was made at 280 nm using a C18 column (tR = 4.3 min.). The method's ap-plicability was also checked for the yellow polymorphic form of TA. RESULTS The results indicated that the method is highly accurate (99.39-100.80%), precise (<1.5% RSD), robust (<2% RSD), and statistically comparable to the British Pharmacopoeia method with better sensitivity and specificity. CONCLUSION It was observed that the stress degradation studies do not affect the method's accuracy and specificity. Hence the proposed method can be used to assay TA and its tablet dosage form.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadia Hafeez Kazi
- Baqai Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Baqai Medical University, 75340, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ali Sheraz
- Baqai Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Baqai Medical University, 75340, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Syed Ghulam Musharraf
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, 75270, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Sofia Ahmed
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, 75270, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Raheela Bano
- Dow College of Pharmacy, Dow University of Health Sciences (Ojha Campus), Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Faraz Ul Haq
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, 75270, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Zubair Anwar
- Baqai Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Baqai Medical University, 75340, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Raahim Ali
- Baqai Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Baqai Medical University, 75340, Karachi, Pakistan
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Siddiqui AJ, Khan N, Fatima K, Farooq S, Ramzan M, El-Seedi HR, Uddin J, Muhsinah AB, Musharraf SG. Serum metallomics reveals insights into the associations of elements with the progression of preleukemic diseases toward acute leukemia. Biol Methods Protoc 2023; 9:bpad027. [PMID: 38229687 PMCID: PMC10790676 DOI: 10.1093/biomethods/bpad027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Acute leukemia (AL) is a critical neoplasm of white blood cells with two main subtypes: acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML). This study is focused on understanding the association of the preleukemic disease aplastic anemia (APA) with ALL and AML at metallomic level, using healthy subjects as a control. In this study, a validated and efficient inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry/MS-based workflow was employed to profile a total of 13 metallomic features. The study encompassed 41 patients with AML, 62 patients with ALL, 46 patients with APA, and 55 age-matched healthy controls. The metallomic features consisted of eight essential elements (Ca, Co, Cu, Fe, Mg, Mn, Se, and Zn) and five non-essential/toxic elements (Ag, Cd, Cr, Ni, and Pb). Six out of the 13 elements were found to be substantially different (P < .05) using absolute concentrations between serum samples of AL (ALL and AML) and preleukemia (APA) patients in comparison with healthy subjects. Elements including magnesium, calcium, iron, copper, and zinc were upregulated and only one element (chromium) was downregulated in serum samples of disease when compared with healthy subjects. Through the utilization of both univariate tests and multivariate classification modeling, it was determined that chromium exhibited a progressive behavior among the studied elements. Specifically, chromium displayed a sequential upregulation from healthy individuals to preleukemic disease (APA), and ultimately in patients diagnosed with ALL. Overall, metallomic-based biomarkers may have the utility to predict the association of APA with ALL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amna Jabbar Siddiqui
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - Noman Khan
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - Kauser Fatima
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - Sabiha Farooq
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ramzan
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - Hesham R El-Seedi
- Pharmacognosy Group, Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Uppsala University, Biomedical Centre, Uppsala 751 24, Sweden
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Menoufia University, Shebin El-Kom 32512, Egypt
- International Research Center for Food Nutrition and Safety, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
- International Joint Research Laboratory of Intelligent Agriculture and Agri-products Processing (Jiangsu Education Department), Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Jalal Uddin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Asir 61421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullatif Bin Muhsinah
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Asir 61421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Syed Ghulam Musharraf
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
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Iftikhar F, Khan MBN, Tehreem S, Kanwal N, Musharraf SG. BCL11A-targeted γ-globin gene induction by triterpenoid glycosides of Fagonia indica: A preclinical scientific validation of indigenous herb for the treatment of β-hemoglobinopathies. Bioorg Chem 2023; 140:106768. [PMID: 37586133 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2023.106768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
Pharmacological induction of fetal hemoglobin has proven to be a promising therapeutic intervention in β-hemoglobinopathies by reducing the globin chain imbalance and inhibiting sickle cell polymerization. Fagonia indica has shown therapeutic relevance to β-thalassemia. Therefore, we study the ethnopharmacological potential of Fagonia indica and its biomarker compounds for their HbF induction ability for the treatment of β-thalassemia. Here, we identify, compound 8 (triterpenoid glycosides) of F. indica. as a prominent HbF inducer in-vitro and in-vivo. Compound 8 showed potent erythroid differentiation, enhanced cellular proliferation, ample accumulation of total hemoglobin, and a strong notion of γ-globin gene expression in K562 cultures. Compound 8 treatment also revealed strong induction of erythroid differentiation and fetal hemoglobin mRNA and protein in adult erythroid precursor cells. This induction was associated with simultaneous downregulation of BCL11A and SOX6, and overexpression of the GATA-1 gene, suggesting a compound 8-mediated partial mechanism involved in the reactivation of fetal-like globin genes. The in vivo study with compound 8 (10 mg/kg) in β-YAC mice resulted in significant HbF synthesis demonstrated by the enhanced level of F-cells (84.14 %) and an 8.85-fold increase in the γ-globin gene. Overall, the study identifies compound 8 as a new HbF-inducing entity and provides an early "proof-of-concept" to enable the initiation of preclinical and clinical studies in the development of this HbF-inducing agent for β-thalassemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fizza Iftikhar
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Behroz Naeem Khan
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - Syeda Tehreem
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - Nayab Kanwal
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - Syed Ghulam Musharraf
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan; H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan.
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Farooq S, Rana S, Siddiqui AJ, Iqbal A, Bhatti AA, Musharraf SG. Association of lipid metabolism-related metabolites with overweight/obesity based on the FTO rs1421085. Mol Omics 2023; 19:697-705. [PMID: 37540205 DOI: 10.1039/d3mo00112a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
Globally, obesity is a severe health issue. A more precise and practical approach is required to enhance clinical care and drug development. The FTO (fat mass and obesity-associated) gene variant rs1421085 is strongly associated with an increased susceptibility to obesity in numerous populations; however, the precise mechanism behind this association concerning metabolomics is still not understood. This study aims to examine the association between metabolites and obesity-related anthropometric traits based on the variant FTO rs1421085. This study was based on a case-control design involving a total of 542 participants including overweight/obese cases and healthy controls. The blood samples were collected from all the participants. The isolated serum samples were subjected to untargeted metabolomics using GC-MS. The isolated DNA samples were genotyped for the FTO rs1421085 variant. Initially, a total of 42 metabolites were identified on GC-MS, which were subjected to further association analyses. The study observed a significant association of two metabolites, glycerol and 2,3-dihydroxypropyl stearate with FTO gene variant rs1421085 and obesity-related anthropometric traits including % BF, WHtR, WC, and HC. The CT genotype of FTO rs1421085 may greatly increase the risk of overweight/obesity by changing the lipid metabolism-related metabolites. Therefore, this study highlights the significance of biochemical networks in the progression of obesity in carriers of the FTO rs1421085 risk genotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabiha Farooq
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan.
| | - Sobia Rana
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan.
| | - Amna Jabbar Siddiqui
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan.
| | - Ayesha Iqbal
- Department of Biomedical and Biological Sciences, Sohail University, Karachi 74000, Pakistan
| | - Adil Anwar Bhatti
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan.
| | - Syed Ghulam Musharraf
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan.
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan.
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Nabeel MI, Hussain D, Ahmad N, Najam-Ul-Haq M, Musharraf SG. Recent advancements in the fabrication and photocatalytic applications of graphitic carbon nitride-tungsten oxide nanocomposites. Nanoscale Adv 2023; 5:5214-5255. [PMID: 37767045 PMCID: PMC10521255 DOI: 10.1039/d3na00159h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
The present review focuses on the widely used graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4)-tungsten oxide (WO3) nanocomposite in photocatalytic applications. These catalysts are widely employed due to their easy preparation, high physicochemical stability, nontoxicity, electron-rich properties, electronic band structure, chemical stability, low cost, earth-abundance, high surface area, and strong absorption capacity in the visible range. These sustainable properties make them predominantly attractive and unique from other photocatalysts. In addition, graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) is synthesized from nitrogen-rich precursors; therefore, it is stable in strong acid solutions and has good thermal stability up to 600 °C. This review covers the historical background, crystalline phases, density-functional theory (DFT) study, synthesis method, 0-D, 1-D, 2-D, and 3-D materials, oxides/transition/nontransition metal-doped, characterization, and photocatalytic applications of WO3/g-C3N4. Enhancing the catalytic performance strategies such as composite formation, element-doping, heterojunction construction, and nanostructure design are also summarized. Finally, the future perspectives and challenges for WO3/g-C3N4 composite materials are discussed to motivate young researchers and scientists interested in developing environment-friendly and efficient catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Ikram Nabeel
- HEJ Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi Karachi-75270 Pakistan
| | - Dilshad Hussain
- HEJ Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi Karachi-75270 Pakistan
| | - Naseer Ahmad
- HEJ Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi Karachi-75270 Pakistan
| | | | - Syed Ghulam Musharraf
- HEJ Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi Karachi-75270 Pakistan
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Khadim A, Yaseen Jeelani SU, Khan MN, Kumari S, Raza A, Ali A, Zareena B, Zaki Shah SM, Musharraf SG. Targeted Analysis of Veterinary Drugs in Food Samples by Developing a High-Resolution Tandem Mass Spectral Library. J Agric Food Chem 2023; 71:12839-12848. [PMID: 37528805 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c03715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Abstract
Veterinary drug residues present in foods can pose severe health threats to the population. The present study aims to develop a high-resolution mass spectral library of 158 veterinary drugs of 16 different classes for their rapid identification in food samples through liquid chromatography-high-resolution electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-HR-ESI-MS/MS). Standard drugs were pooled according to their log P values and exact masses before analysis. Spectra were collected at system automated collision energy, i.e., of 25-60 eV and four predetermined collision energies (10, 20, 30, and 40 eV) for each compound using a schedule precursor list of [M + H]+, [M + Na]+, and [M + NH4]+ ions. The utility of the developed database was checked by analyzing food samples. A total of 17 veterinary drugs based on the reference standard retention times (RTs), HR-MS spectra, and MS/MS spectra were identified in the analyzed samples. Moreover, five veterinary drugs were selected for quantitative analysis, including doxycycline hyclate, lincomycin, sulfasalazine, moxifloxacin, and diphenoxylate, using liquid chromatography-ion trap mass-spectrometry (LC-IT-MS). Concentrations of the drug were obtained to vary from 0.0805 to 0.9731 mg/kg in food samples and were found to be exceeded in most of the cases as per the maximum residue levels described by Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)/World Health Organization (WHO). The MS data were submitted to the MetaboLights online database (MTBLS2914). This study will help in the high-throughput screening of multiclass veterinary drugs in foodstuffs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adeeba Khadim
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - Syed Usama Yaseen Jeelani
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Noman Khan
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - Sindhia Kumari
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - Ali Raza
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - Arslan Ali
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - Bibi Zareena
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - Syed Muhammad Zaki Shah
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - Syed Ghulam Musharraf
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
- T.C.M Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
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Ahmad N, Rasheed S, Nabeel MI, Ahmad W, Mohyuddin A, Musharraf SG, Najam-Ul-Haq M, Ghouri ZK, Hussain D. Stearic Acid and CeO 2 Nanoparticles Co-functionalized Cotton Fabric with Enhanced UV-Block, Self-Cleaning, Water-Repellent, and Antibacterial Properties. Langmuir 2023; 39:11571-11581. [PMID: 37549018 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c01002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
Superhydrophobic cotton fabrics with multifunctional features are highly desired in domestic and outdoor applications. However, the short coating longevity and hazardous reagents significantly reduce their commercial-scale applications. Herein, we introduce CeO2 nanoparticles and stearic acid (SA) to develop a fluorine-free, durable superhydrophobic cotton fabric that mimics the lotus effect. The pristine cotton fabric is treated with APTES-functionalized CeO2 nanoparticles by immersion followed by a dip and drying treatment with a 2% myristic acid solution. This sequential process creates a stable superhydrophobic cotton fabric (SA/CeO2-cotton fabric) with a water contact angle of 158° and a water sliding angle of 5°. The results are attributed to the combined effect of CeO2 nanoparticles and stearic acid that enhances surface roughness and reduces surface sorption energy. APTES facilitates the durable attachment of CeO2 nanoparticles and stearic acid to the cotton fabric. The modified cotton fabric is characterized by advanced analytical tools, demonstrating enhanced superhydrophobicity, self-cleaning, and antiwater absorption properties. Additionally, it exhibits remarkable UV-blocking (UPF 542) and antibacterial properties. The designed superhydrophobic cotton fabric unveils good mechanical, thermal, and chemical durability. The proposed strategy is simple, green, and economical and can be used commercially for functional fabric preparation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naseer Ahmad
- HEJ Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - Sufian Rasheed
- HEJ Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ikram Nabeel
- HEJ Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - Waqas Ahmad
- HEJ Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - Abrar Mohyuddin
- Department of Chemistry, The Emerson University, Multan 60000, Pakistan
| | - Syed Ghulam Musharraf
- HEJ Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Najam-Ul-Haq
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan
| | - Zafar Khan Ghouri
- HEJ Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - Dilshad Hussain
- HEJ Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
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12
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Tsakem B, Toussie BT, Siwe-Noundou X, Ponou BK, Teponno RB, Musharraf SG, Tapondjou LA. Structure elucidation of olasubscorpioside C, a new rotameric biflavonoid glycoside from the stem barks of Olax subscorpioidea (Oliv). Magn Reson Chem 2023. [PMID: 37340817 DOI: 10.1002/mrc.5375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023]
Abstract
From the n-butanol soluble fraction of the ethanol extract of the medicinal plant Olax subscorpioidea, a previously unreported rotameric biflavonoid glycoside constituted of 4'-O-methylgallocatechin-(4α → 8)-4'-O-methylgallocatechin as aglycone named olasubscorpioside C (1) along with the known 4'-O-methylgallocatechin (2) were isolated. Their structures were determined on the basis of spectrometric and spectroscopic techniques including HRFABMS, 1 H and 13 C NMR, DEPT 135o , HSQC, HMBC, ROESY, and CD followed by comparison with the reported data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bienvenu Tsakem
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Billy Tchegnitegni Toussie
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Xavier Siwe-Noundou
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, Pretoria, South Africa
| | | | - Rémy Bertrand Teponno
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Syed Ghulam Musharraf
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
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13
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Khan N, Ullah J, Hashmi S, Ali A, Siddiqui AJ, Sami SA, Bokhari SS, Sharif H, Uddin J, El-Seedi HR, Musharraf SG. Dysregulation of metalloproteins in ischemic heart disease patients with systolic dysfunction. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 232:123435. [PMID: 36716834 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Ischemic heart disease (IHD) is the leading cause of mortality worldwide. Metalloproteins have been linked to human health and diseases. The molecular functions of metalloproteins in IHD is not well understood and require further exploration. The objective of this study was to find out the role of metalloproteins in the pericardial fluid of IHD patients having normal (EF > 45) and impaired (EF < 45) left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). IHD patients were grouped into two categories: LVEF<45 (n = 12) and LVEF >45 (n = 33). Pooled samples of pericardial fluid were fractionated by using ZOOM-isoelectric focusing (IEF) followed by further processing using one-dimensional gel electrophoresis (1D SDS-PAGE) and filter-aided sample preparation (FASP). Tryptic peptides of each fraction and differential bands were then analyzed by nano-LC-ESI-MS/MS. Protein identification was performed through a Mascot search engine using NCBI-Prot and SwissProt databases. A total of 1082 proteins including 154 metalloproteins were identified. In the differential bands, 60 metalloproteins were identified, while 115 metalloproteins were identified in all ZOOM-IEF fractions. Twelve differentially expressed metalloproteins were selected in the intense bands according to their molecular weight (MW) and isoelectric point (pI). The 12 differentially expressed metalloprotein includes ceruloplasmin, Prothrombin, Vitamin K-dependent protein, Fibulin-1, Ribosomal protein S6 kinase alpha-6, nidogen, partial, Serum albumin, Hemopexin, C-reactive protein, Serum amyloid P-component, and Intelectin-1 protein which were all up-regulated while serotransferrin is the only metalloprotein that was down-regulated in impaired (LVEF<45) group. Among the metalloproteins, Zn-binding proteins are 36.5 % followed by Ca-binging 32.2 %, and Fe-binging 12.2 %. KEGG, pathway analysis revealed the association of ceruloplasmin and serotransferrin with the ferroptosis pathway. In conclusion, 154 metalloproteins were identified of them the Zn-binding protein followed by Ca-binding and Fe-binding proteins were the most abundant metalloproteins. The two metalloproteins, the Cu-binding protein ceruloplasmin, and Fe-binding protein serotransferrin are involved in the ferroptosis pathway, an iron-dependent form of regulated cell death that has been linked to cardiac pathology, especially in IHD patients having impaired systolic (LVEF<45) dysfunction. However, further research is required to validate these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noman Khan
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - Junaid Ullah
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - Satwat Hashmi
- Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Agha Khan University, Karachi 74800, Pakistan
| | - Arslan Ali
- Dr Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - Amna Jabbar Siddiqui
- Dr Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - Shahid Ahmed Sami
- Department of Surgery, The Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi 74800, Pakistan
| | - Syeda Saira Bokhari
- Department of Medicine, The Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi 74800, Pakistan
| | - Hasanat Sharif
- Department of Surgery, The Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi 74800, Pakistan
| | - Jalal Uddin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Asir 61421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hesham R El-Seedi
- Pharmacognosy Group, Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, BMC, Uppsala University, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Syed Ghulam Musharraf
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan; Dr Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan.
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14
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Raza A, Zehra M, Ramzan M, Siddiqui AJ, Akbar A, Ahmed A, Musharraf SG. Untargeted Metabolomics Analysis of Gentamicin-Induced Tolerant Colonies of Klebsiella pneumoniae. Eur J Pharm Sci 2023; 185:106436. [PMID: 36965642 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2023.106436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/27/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Antibiotic resistance development in pathogenic bacteria like Klebsiella pneumoniae seriously threatens humankind. Therefore, it is important to understand the interaction of bacteria with antibiotic agents and how it acquires resistance at the molecular level. The current study describes metabolomics analysis of K. pneumoniae sensitive strains and its gentamicin-tolerant (resistant) strains. METHODS K. pneumoniae strains were treated at five different concentrations of gentamicin, increasing from a low dose (16.2 µg/mL) to the highest dose (250 µg/mL) at three incubation time periods (24h, 48h, and 72h). Colonies obtained at various concentrations and time intervals were subjected to metabolomic analysis using GC-MS. RESULTS A drastic change was observed in the morphology of K. pneumoniae colonies with the increasing gentamicin concentration. Moreover, K. pneumoniae strains grown at the highest concentration (250 µg/mL) were found tolerant to 1 mg/mL gentamicin (4-folds) and considered resistant strains. A total of 459 metabolites were identified. A sequential down/up-regulation in 4, 3, and 4 metabolites were observed in association with the increasing gentamicin concentration at 24h, 48h, and 72h, respectively. While with the comparative analysis of resistant and sensitive strains, a total of seven down- and sixteen up-regulated metabolites were observed. The concentration of some fatty acids and sugars have been found to increase while, a few metabolites like inosine, tyrosine, 1-propionylproline, and 2-hydroxyacetic acid have been found down-regulated in resistant samples. CONCLUSION These regulator metabolites might be associated with resistance development in K. pneumoniae against gentamicin and might be helpful in the rapid detection of gentamicin-resistant clinical strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Raza
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - Moatter Zehra
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ramzan
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - Amna Jabbar Siddiqui
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - Azra Akbar
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - Ayaz Ahmed
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan.
| | - Syed Ghulam Musharraf
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan; Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan.
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15
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Khan T, Iftikhar F, Akhlaq R, Musharraf SG, Ali A. Acidosis and Hypoxic Tumor Microenvironment Induces Changes to Histones Acetylation and Methylation in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Biomed Chromatogr 2023; 37:e5616. [PMID: 36882186 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.5616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Abstract
Hypoxia and acidosis are ubiquitous hallmarks of the tumor microenvironment (TME), and in most solid cancers they have been linked to rewired cancer cell metabolism. These TME stresses are linked to changes in histone post-translational modifications (PTMs) like methylation and acetylation, which lead to tumorigenesis and drug resistance. Hypoxia and acidosis TME cause changes in histone PTMs by impacting the activities of histone-modifying enzymes. These alterations are yet to be extensively explored in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), one of the most prevalent cancers in developing countries. Hypoxia, acidosis, or hypoxia with acidosis TME affecting histone acetylation and methylation in the CAL27 OSCC cell line was studied using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS)-based proteomics. The study identified several well-known histone marks, in the context of their functionality in gene regulation, such as H2AK9Ac, H3K36me3, and H4K16Ac. The results provide insights into the histone acetylation and methylation associated with hypoxia and acidosis TME, causing changes in their level in a position-dependent manner in the OSCC cell line. Hypoxia and acidosis, separately and in combination, cause differential impacts on histone methylation and acetylation in OSCC. The work will help uncover tumor cell adaptation to these stress stimuli in connection to histone crosstalk events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tajwali Khan
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Fizza Iftikhar
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Rafia Akhlaq
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Syed Ghulam Musharraf
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan.,H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Arslan Ali
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
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16
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Tiombou Donkia AP, Tchegnitegni BT, Tsafack BT, Tchuenguem RT, Ponou BK, Teponno RB, Dzoyem JP, Musharraf SG, Tapondjou LA. Desmoarylcoumarin and episoyasapogenol B: two new compounds from Desmodium salicifolium (Poir.) DC (Fabaceae). Nat Prod Res 2023:1-11. [PMID: 36815546 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2023.2181804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
A new 3-arylcoumarin, 7-hydroxy-6-(1,1-dimethylallyl)-2',5'-dihydroxy-4'-(3,3dimethylprenyl)-3-arylcoumarin (desmoarylcoumarin) 1, a previously unreported oleanane-type triterpenoid, 3β,22β,23-trihydroxyolean-12-en (episoyasapogenol B) 2, together with five known flavonoids including darbergioidin (3), isoferreirin (4), quercetin (5), vitexin (6), swertizin (7), and one carbohydrate, sucrose (8) were isolated from the methanolic extract of the roots of Desmodium salicifolium. Their structures were elucidated mainly by extensive spectroscopic analysis (1D and 2D) and mass spectrometric (HRFAB-MS) data. The methanolic extract, EtOAc and n-BuOH fractions as well as some isolated compounds were assessed for their antibacterial and antioxidant activities. The EtOAc fraction exhibited moderate activity against Enterococcus faecalis with MIC value of 128 µg/mL. The methanolic extract and the EtOAc fraction displayed DPPH scavenging activity with EC50 values of 5.99 and 2.06 μg/mL, respectively. Compound 1 showed a moderate antibacterial activity against Enterococcus faecalis with a MIC of 16 µg/mL. It also showed moderate DPPH scavenging activity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Billy Toussie Tchegnitegni
- Research Unit of Environmental and Applied Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Borice Tapondjou Tsafack
- Research Unit of Environmental and Applied Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon
| | | | - Beaudelaire Kemvoufo Ponou
- Research Unit of Environmental and Applied Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Rémy Bertrand Teponno
- Research Unit of Environmental and Applied Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Jean Paul Dzoyem
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Syed Ghulam Musharraf
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Léon Azefack Tapondjou
- Research Unit of Environmental and Applied Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon
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Haque MZU, Hashmi IA, Qureshi MT, Bari A, Musharraf SG, Ali FI. Mild and Efficient Reductive
N,N‐
Dimethylation of Amines by Using 1,3‐Dimethylimidazole‐2‐ylidene Borane (diMe‐Imd‐BH
3
). ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202203404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Imran Ali Hashmi
- Department of Chemistry University of Karachi Main University Road Karachi 75270 Sindh Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Taha Qureshi
- Department of Chemistry University of Karachi Main University Road Karachi 75270 Sindh Pakistan
| | - Ahmad Bari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry College of Pharmacy King Saud University P.O. Box 2457 Riyadh 11451 Saudi Arabia
| | - Syed Ghulam Musharraf
- HEJ Research Institute of Chemistry University of Karachi Main University Road Karachi 75270 Sindh Pakistan
| | - Firdous Imran Ali
- Department of Chemistry University of Karachi Main University Road Karachi 75270 Sindh Pakistan
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Adil N, Siddiqui AJ, Musharraf SG. Metabolomics‐based Researches in Autoimmune Liver Disease: A
Mini‐Review. Scand J Immunol 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/sji.13208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nurmeen Adil
- H. E. J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences University of Karachi Karachi Pakistan
| | - Amna Jabbar Siddiqui
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences University of Karachi Karachi Pakistan
| | - Syed Ghulam Musharraf
- H. E. J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences University of Karachi Karachi Pakistan
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences University of Karachi Karachi Pakistan
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Shah SMZ, Ali A, Khan MN, Khadim A, Asmari M, Uddin J, Musharraf SG. Sensitive Detection of Pharmaceutical Drugs and Metabolites in Serum Using Data-Independent Acquisition Mass Spectrometry and Open-Access Data Acquisition Tools. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15070901. [PMID: 35890199 PMCID: PMC9317224 DOI: 10.3390/ph15070901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Data-independent acquisition (DIA) based strategies have been explored in recent years for improving quantitative analysis of metabolites. However, the data analysis is challenging for DIA methods as the resulting spectra are highly multiplexed. Thus, the DIA mode requires advanced software analysis to facilitate the data deconvolution process. We proposed a pipeline for quantitative profiling of pharmaceutical drugs and serum metabolites in DIA mode after comparing the results obtained from full-scan, Data-dependent acquisition (DDA) and DIA modes. using open-access software. Pharmaceutical drugs (10) were pooled in healthy human serum and analysed by LC-ESI-QTOF-MS. MS1 full-scan and Data-dependent (MS2) results were used for identification using MS-DIAL software while deconvolution of MS1/MS2 spectra in DIA mode was achieved by using Skyline software. The results of acquisition methods for quantitative analysis validated the remarkable analytical performance of the constructed workflow, proving it to be a sensitive and reproducible pipeline for biological complex fluids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed Muhammad Zaki Shah
- International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan; (S.M.Z.S.); (M.N.K.); (A.K.)
| | - Arslan Ali
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
- Correspondence: or (A.A.); or or (S.G.M.); Tel.: +92-34819010-174 (A.A.); +92-34819010-134 (S.G.M.)
| | - Muhammad Noman Khan
- International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan; (S.M.Z.S.); (M.N.K.); (A.K.)
| | - Adeeba Khadim
- International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan; (S.M.Z.S.); (M.N.K.); (A.K.)
| | - Mufarreh Asmari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.); (J.U.)
| | - Jalal Uddin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.); (J.U.)
| | - Syed Ghulam Musharraf
- International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan; (S.M.Z.S.); (M.N.K.); (A.K.)
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
- The Affiliated T.C.M Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646099, China
- Correspondence: or (A.A.); or or (S.G.M.); Tel.: +92-34819010-174 (A.A.); +92-34819010-134 (S.G.M.)
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Khan F, Ali H, Musharraf SG. Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate-mediated γ-globin induction is correlated with the suppression of trans-acting factors in CD34 + progenitor cells: A role in the reactivation of fetal hemoglobin. Eur J Pharmacol 2022; 927:175036. [PMID: 35618038 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2022.175036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2021] [Revised: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Sickle-cell disease (SCD) and β-thalassemia are public health issues that affect people all over the world. Fetal hemoglobin (HbF) induction is a molecular intervention, including hydroxyurea, which has made an effort to improve current treatment. Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) is formerly reported with improving levels of hemoglobin, mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), and mean corpuscular volume (MCV). Hence, in this preclinical investigation, human peripheral whole blood-derived CD34+ progenitor cells were cultured to prove the efficacy of TDF on erythroid proliferation, differentiation, γ-globin gene expression regulation, and ultimately HbF production. We observed that TDF increased the proliferation of immature erythroid cells, delayed the terminal erythroid maturation without cytotoxicity as correlated with other HbF inducers. Here, the presented data show that TDF can induce HbF expression by up-regulating the γ-globin gene transcription up to 7.1 ± 0.46-fold and subsequently increased the F-cells (10.79 ± 1.9-fold) population in terminally differentiated erythroid cells. Furthermore, our findings demonstrated that TDF-mediated γ-globin gene induction and HbF production was associated with down-fold regulation of BCL11A and SOX6, and their corresponding trans-acting regulators, FOP, KLF1, and GATA1. Collectively, our findings suggest TDF as an effective inducer of HbF in CD34+ cells and pave the way to put forward the assessment of TDF as a new potential therapy in treating β-hemoglobinopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faisal Khan
- Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan
| | - Hamad Ali
- Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan; Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Shifa College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shifa Tameer-e-Millat University, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
| | - Syed Ghulam Musharraf
- Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan; H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan.
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21
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Yaseen SB, Akram A, Musharraf SG, Wajidi M, Tabassum N, Nazir N, Shah SMZ. The LC-QTOF-MS/MS analysis of acid degradation products of Rifaximin, An Antibiotic. MethodsX 2022; 9:101735. [PMID: 35669084 PMCID: PMC9166475 DOI: 10.1016/j.mex.2022.101735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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22
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Iftikhar F, Rahman S, Khan MBN, Khan K, Khan MN, Uddin R, Musharraf SG. In Vitro and In Vivo Studies for the Investigation of γ-Globin Gene Induction by Adhatoda vasica: A Pre-Clinical Study of HbF Inducers for β-Thalassemia. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:797853. [PMID: 35422700 PMCID: PMC9002120 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.797853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Fetal hemoglobin (HbF) is a potent genetic modifier, and the γ-globin gene induction has proven to be a sustainable therapeutic approach for the management of β-thalassemia. In this study, we have evaluated the HbF induction ability of A. vasica in vitro and in vivo, and the identification of potential therapeutic compounds through a bioassay-guided approach. In vitro benzidine-Hb assay demonstrated strong erythroid differentiation of K562 cells by A. vasica extracts. Subsequently, an in vivo study with an aqueous extract of A. vasica (100 mg/kg) showed significant induction of the γ-globin gene and HbF production. While in the acute study, the hematological and biochemical indices were found to be unaltered at the lower dose of A. vasica. Following the bioassay-guided approach, two isolated compounds, vasicinol (1) and vasicine (2) strongly enhanced HbF levels and showed prominent cellular growth kinetics with ample accumulation of total hemoglobin in K562 cultures. High HbF levels were examined by immunofluorescence and flow cytometry analysis, concomitant with the overexpression in the γ-globin gene level. Compound 1 (0.1 µM) and compound 2 (1 µM) resulted in a greater increase in F-cells (90 and 83%) with marked up (8-fold and 5.1-fold) expression of the γ-globin gene, respectively. Molecular docking studies indicated strong binding affinities of (1) and (2) with HDAC2 and KDM1 protein that predict the possible mechanism of compounds in inhibition of these epigenetic regulators in the γ-globin gene reactivation. Altogether, these observations demonstrated the therapeutic usefulness of A. vasica for fostering HbF production in clinical implications for blood disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fizza Iftikhar
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Saeedur Rahman
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Behroz Naeem Khan
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Kanwal Khan
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Noman Khan
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Reaz Uddin
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Syed Ghulam Musharraf
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan.,H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
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Usman M, Ali A, Jabbar Siddiqui A, Iftikhar F, Kumari S, Sibt-e-Hassan S, Shad R, Rafique T, Kashif Raza S, El-Seedi HR, Ghulam Musharraf S. Evaluation of the chronic intoxication of fluoride on human serum metabolome using untargeted metabolomics. ARAB J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2022.103928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
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24
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Aziz N, Khan MN, Ali A, Khadim A, Muhsinah AB, Uddin J, Musharraf SG. Rapid analysis of flavonoids based on spectral library development in positive ionization mode using LC-HR-ESI-MS/MS. ARAB J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2022.103734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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25
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Akhtar A, Kazi TG, Afridi HI, Musharraf SG, Arain MB, Baig JA. Determination of Mercury in Artificial Saliva Extract of Chewing Tobacco by Dispersive Liquid–Liquid Micro-Extraction Using Electrothermal Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (ETAAS). ANAL LETT 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/00032719.2022.2049808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Asma Akhtar
- National Centre of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, Pakistan
| | - Tasneem Gul Kazi
- National Centre of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, Pakistan
| | - Hassan Imran Afridi
- National Centre of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, Pakistan
| | | | | | - Jameel Ahmed Baig
- National Centre of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, Pakistan
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Khan MBN, Iftikhar F, Ali M, Danish A, Shamsi T, Musharraf SG, Siddiqui AJ. XMN polymorphism along with HU administration renders alterations to RBC membrane lipidome in β-thalassemia patients. Chem Phys Lipids 2022; 244:105195. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2022.105195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Iqbal M, Uddin A, Musharraf SG, Tauseef S, Samad N, Khaliq S, Ahmad S. A new progestin from fungal transformation of norethisterone and its comparative antimicrobial studies. Pak J Pharm Sci 2022; 35:695-699. [PMID: 35668572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Fungal transformation of a norethisterone (17α-ethynylestra-4-en-17β-ol-3-one) (1) by using Macrophomina phaseolina and Paecilomyces variotii was studied. A new metabolite, 17α-hydroxymethyl-androst-4-en-11β-ol-3-one-17β-acetate (2) with novel changes and a known metabolite, 17α-ethynylestradiol (3) were obtained from 1 by using M. phaseolina and P. variotii, respectively. Based on various spectroscopic techniques, the structures of both metabolites were characterized. The antimicrobial activities of 1-3 were also evaluated. Compound 1 was found to be moderately active against Salmonella paratyphi while 1-3 were almost inactive against other microorganisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Iqbal
- Department of Chemistry, Federal Urdu University of Arts, Science & Technology, Gulshan-e-Iqbal Campus, Karachi, Pakistan/ Government Degree Boys College, Jangal Shah, Keamari, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Aziz Uddin
- Department of Chemistry, Federal Urdu University of Arts, Science & Technology, Gulshan-e-Iqbal Campus, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Syed Ghulam Musharraf
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Saima Tauseef
- Department of Microbiology, Federal Urdu University of Arts, Science & Technology, Gulshan-e-Iqbal Campus, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Noreen Samad
- Department of Biochemistry, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Saima Khaliq
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal Urdu University of Arts, Science & Technology, Gulshan-e-Iqbal Campus, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Saara Ahmad
- Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, The Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
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Uddin J, Muhsinah AB, Imran M, Khan MN, Musharraf SG. Structure-fragmentation study of pentacyclic triterpenoids using electrospray ionization quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry (ESI-QTOFMS/MS). Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 2022; 36:e9243. [PMID: 34913201 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.9243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Pentacyclic triterpenoids are secondary plant metabolites widespread in fruit peel, leaves, and stem bark. Due to their important biological activities, these compounds are widely screened using advance analytical techniques like electrospray ionization (ESI) mass spectrometry. Over the past few decades, the practice of ESI has been refined into a versatile ionization technique for a wide variety of analytes differing in their chemical makeup, size, complexity, and bimolecular stability. METHODS The structure-fragmentation relationships (SFRs) of 16 pentacyclic triterpenoids were studied using a positive ion ESI quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (ESI-QqTOFMS/MS) hybrid instrument. RESULTS ESI-QqTOFMS (positive ion mode) showed the presence of the protonated molecules [M + H]+ of most of analyzed compounds. Low-energy collision-induced dissociation MS/MS analysis of these molecules indicated multiple losses of water molecules and the loss of the formic acid moiety [M + H - HCOOH]+ and other substituents as the predominant pathway for further fragmentation. Key product ions were identified which resulted from the retro-Diels-Alder cleavage of the ring system. SFRs of all the compounds analyzed were also developed. CONCLUSIONS We developed a fragmentation pattern of pentacyclic triterpenoids using the ESI-QqTOFMS/MS technique. It was concluded that the formation of key product ions and loss of characteristic neutrals can give detailed insight into structural information about the basic structure and attached substituents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jalal Uddin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Muhammad Imran
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Noman Khan
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Syed Ghulam Musharraf
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
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Shahid A, Siddiqui AJ, Musharraf SG, Liu CG, Malik S, Syafiuddin A, Boopathy R, Tarbiah NI, Gull M, Mehmood MA. Untargeted metabolomics of the alkaliphilic cyanobacterium Plectonema terebrans elucidated novel stress-responsive metabolic modulations. J Proteomics 2022; 252:104447. [PMID: 34890867 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2021.104447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 11/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Alkaliphilic cyanobacteria are suitable candidates to study the effect of alkaline wastewater cultivation on molecular metabolic responses. In the present study, the impact of wastewater, alkalinity, and alkaline wastewater cultivation was studied on the biomass production, biochemical composition, and the alkalinity responsive molecular mechanism through metabolomics. The results suggested a 1.29 to 1.44-fold higher biomass production along with improved lipid, carbohydrate, and pigment production under alkaline wastewater cultivation. The metabolomics analysis showed 1.2-fold and 5.54-fold increase in the indole-acetic acid and phytoene biosynthesis which contributed to overall enhanced cell differentiation and photo-protectiveness. Furthermore, lower levels of Ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate (RuBP), and higher levels of 2-phosphoglycerate and 3-phosphoglycerate suggested the efficient fixation of CO2 into biomass, and storage compounds including polysaccharides, lipids, and sterols. Interestingly, except L-histidine and L-phenylalanine, all the metabolites related to protein biosynthesis were downregulated in response to wastewater and alkaline wastewater cultivation. The cells protected themselves from alkalinity and nutrient stress by improving the biosynthesis of sterols, non-toxic antioxidants, and osmo-protectants. Alkaline wastewater cultivation regulated the activation of carbon concentration mechanism (CCM), glycolysis, fatty-acid biosynthesis, and shikimate pathway. The data revealed the importance of alkaline wastewater cultivation for improved CO2 fixation, wastewater treatment, and producing valuable bioproducts including phytoene, Lyso PC 18:0, and sterols. These metabolic pathways could be future targets of metabolic engineering for improving biomass and metabolite production. SIGNIFICANCE: Alkalinity is an imperative factor, responsible for the contamination control and biochemical regulation in cyanobactera, especially during the wastewater cultivation. Currently, understanding of alkaline wastewater responsive molecular mechanism is lacking and most of the studies are focused on transcriptomics of model organisms for this purpose. In this study, untargeted metabolomics was employed to analyze the impact of wastewater and alkaline wastewater on the growth, CO2 assimilation, nutrient uptake, and associated metabolic modulations of the alkaliphilic cyanobacterium Plectonema terebrans BERC10. Results unveiled that alkaline wastewater cultivation regulated the activation of carbon concentration mechanism (CCM), glycolysis, fatty-acid biosynthesis, and shikimate pathway. It indicated the feasibility of alkaline wastewater as promising low-cost media for cyanobacterium cultivation. The identified stress-responsive pathways could be future genetic targets for strain improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayesha Shahid
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Amna Jabbar Siddiqui
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - Syed Ghulam Musharraf
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - Chen-Guang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Sana Malik
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Achmad Syafiuddin
- Department of Public Health, Universitas Nahdlatul Ulama Surabaya, 60237 Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia
| | - Raj Boopathy
- Department of Biological Sciences, Nicholls State University, Thibodaux, LA 70310, USA
| | | | - Munazza Gull
- Biochemistry Department, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Aamer Mehmood
- School of Bioengineering, Sichuan University of Science and Engineering, Zigong, China; Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan.
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Sibt-e-Hassan S, Hussain D, Mustafa G, Uddin Siddiqui G, Asiri YI, Uddin J, Ghulam Musharraf S. In-situ manipulation of gel layer fouling into gel layer membrane formation on porous supports for water treatment. ARAB J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2021.103526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
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31
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Khan MBN, Iftikhar F, Khan TW, Danish A, Shamsi T, Musharraf SG, Siddiqui AJ. IVS I-5 (G>C) is associated with changes to RBC membrane lipidome in response to Hydroxyurea treatment in β-thalassemia patients. Mol Omics 2022; 18:534-544. [DOI: 10.1039/d2mo00008c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Red Blood Cell’s membrane loses its integrity during hemoglobinopathies like β-thalassemia and sickle cell disease. Various mutations have been associated with β-thalassemia, the most prevalent of which is the IVS-1-5...
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Kamal GM, Uddin J, Muhsinah AB, Wang X, Noreen A, Sabir A, Musharraf SG. 1H NMR-Based metabolomics and 13C isotopic ratio evaluation to differentiate conventional and organic soy sauce. ARAB J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2021.103516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Khadim A, Zareena B, Hussain S, Jeelani SUY, Ali A, Musharraf SG. Pooling strategy to construct in-house high-resolution electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry database of drugs. J IND ENG CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2021.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Ali H, Khan F, Musharraf SG. Cilostazol-mediated reversion of γ-globin silencing is associated with a high level of HbF production: A potential therapeutic candidate for β-globin disorders. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 142:112058. [PMID: 34426256 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Reversal of fetal hemoglobin (HbF) silencing is an attractive therapeutic intervention for β-thalassemia and sickle cell anemia. The current study proposes the therapeutic of repurposing of cilostazol, an FDA-approved antithrombotic agent, as a promising HbF inducer. Preliminary, we report that cilostazol induced erythroid differentiation and hemoglobinization of human erythroleukemia K562 cells. The erythroid differentiation was accompanied by increased expression of γ-globin mRNA transcripts and HbF production. Cilostazol induced erythroid differentiation and HbF production, without significantly affecting proliferation and viability of hemoglobin producing cells at maximum erythroid inducing concentration. Moreover, we investigated the effect of cilostazol on human β- and γ-globin transgenes in in vivo β-YAC transgenic mice, harboring human β-locus along with β-LCR. A good in vitro correlation was found with substantial up-regulation in fetal globin mRNA; whereas, the β-globin gene expression was not significantly changed. F-cells, analysis in the peripheral blood of cilostazol-treated mice, revealed a significant increase in the F-cells population as compared with sham control groups. Together, these findings support the potential of cilostazol as an HbF inducer, which can be evaluated further to develop a new HbF inducer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamad Ali
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - Faisal Khan
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - Syed Ghulam Musharraf
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan; H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan.
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35
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Javed MN, Ali Hashmi I, Muhammad S, Bari A, Ghulam Musharraf S, Junaid Mahmood S, Javed S, Imran Ali F, Rafique F, Amjad Ilyas M, Ahmed Waseem W. Ionic liquids containing plant derived benzoate as anions, exhibiting supramolecular polymeric aggregation: Impact of the aggregation on organic catalysis in aqueous medium. J Mol Liq 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2021.116329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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36
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Shahid A, Usman M, Atta Z, Musharraf SG, Malik S, Elkamel A, Shahid M, Abdulhamid Alkhattabi N, Gull M, Mehmood MA. Impact of wastewater cultivation on pollutant removal, biomass production, metabolite biosynthesis, and carbon dioxide fixation of newly isolated cyanobacteria in a multiproduct biorefinery paradigm. Bioresour Technol 2021; 333:125194. [PMID: 33910117 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.125194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The impact of wastewater cultivation was studied on pollutant removal, biomass production, and biosynthesis of high-value metabolites by newly isolated cyanobacteria namely Acaryochloris marina BERC03, Oscillatoria sp. BERC04, and Pleurocapsa sp. BERC06. During cultivation in urabn wastewater, its pH used to adjust from pH 8.0 to 11, offering contamination-free cultivation, and flotation-based easy harvesting. Besides, wastewater cultivation improved biomass production by 1.3-fold when compared to control along with 3.54-4.2 gL-1 of CO2 fixation, concomitantly removing suspended organic matter, total nitrogen, and phosphorus by 100%, 53%, and 88%, respectively. Biomass accumulated 26-36% carbohydrates, 15-28% proteins, 38-43% lipids, and 6.3-9.5% phycobilins, where phycobilin yield was improved by 1.6-fold when compared to control. Lipids extracted from the pigment-free biomass were trans-esterified to biodiesel where pigment extraction showed no negative impact on quality of the biodiesel. These strains demonstrated the potential to become feedstock of an integrated biorefinery using urban wastewater as low-cost growth media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayesha Shahid
- Bioenergy Research Center, Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Usman
- Bioenergy Research Center, Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Zahida Atta
- Bioenergy Research Center, Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Syed Ghulam Musharraf
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - Sana Malik
- Bioenergy Research Center, Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Ali Elkamel
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Muhammad Shahid
- Bioenergy Research Center, Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | | | - Munazza Gull
- Biochemistry Department, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21551, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Aamer Mehmood
- School of Bioengineering, Sichuan University of Science and Engineering, Zigong, China; Bioenergy Research Center, Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan.
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Zareena B, Khadim A, Jeelani SUY, Hussain S, Ali A, Musharraf SG. High-Throughput Detection of an Alkaloidal Plant Metabolome in Plant Extracts Using LC-ESI-QTOF-MS. J Proteome Res 2021; 20:3826-3839. [PMID: 34308647 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.1c00111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Plant alkaloids represent a diverse group of nitrogen-containing natural products. These compounds are considered valuable in drug discovery and development. High-throughput identification of such plant secondary metabolites in complex plant extracts is essential for drug discovery, lead optimization, and understanding the biological pathway. The present study aims to rapidly identify different classes of alkaloids in plant extracts through the liquid chromatography with electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS/MS) approach using 161 isolated and purified alkaloids. These are biologically important unique alkaloids belonging to different sub-classes such as isoquinoline, quinoline, indole, tropane, pyridine, piperidine, quinolizidine, aporphine, steroidal, and terpenoid. The majority of these are not available commercially and are known to manifest valuable biological activities. Four pools of a maximum of 50 phytostandards each were prepared, based on their log P value to minimize co-elution for rapid and cost-effective analyses. MS/MS spectra were acquired in the positive ionization mode by using their [M + H]+ and/or [M + Na]+ with both the average collisional energy (25.5-62 eV) and individual collisional energies (10, 20, 30, and 40 eV). Accurate mass, high-resolution mass spectrometry (HR-MS) data, MS/MS data, and retention times were curated for each compound. The developed LC-MS/MS method was successfully used to interrogate and fast dereplicate alkaloids in 13 medicinal plant extracts and a herbal formulation. A total of 56 alkaloids were identified based on the reference standard retention times (RTs), HR-MS spectra, and/or MS/MS spectra. The MS data have been submitted to the MetaboLights online database (MTBLS2914). The mass spectrometric and chromatographic data will be useful for the discovery of new congeners and the study of biological pathways of alkaloids in the plant kingdom.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bibi Zareena
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - Adeeba Khadim
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - Syed Usama Y Jeelani
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - Saddam Hussain
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - Arslan Ali
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - Syed Ghulam Musharraf
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan.,Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
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Siddiqui H, Shafi S, Ali H, Musharraf SG. Synthesis and Erythroid Induction Activity of New Thiourea Derivatives. Med Chem 2021; 17:121-133. [PMID: 32407283 DOI: 10.2174/1573406416666200514085623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Revised: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The use of medicinal agents to augment the fetal hemoglobin (HbF) accretion is an important approach for the treatment of sickle-cell anemia and β-thalassemia. HbF inducers have the potential to reduce the clinical symptoms and blood transfusion dependence in the patients of β- hemoglobinopathies. OBJECTIVE The current study was aimed to examine the erythroid induction potential of newly synthesized thiourea derivatives. METHODS Thiourea derivatives 1-27 were synthesized by using environmentally friendly methods. Compounds 3, 10 and 22 were found to be new. The structures of synthesized derivatives were deduced by using various spectroscopic techniques. These derivatives were then evaluated for their erythroid induction using the human erythroleukemic K562 cell line, as a model. The benzidine-H2O2 assay was used to evaluate erythroid induction, while HbF expression was studied through immunocytochemistry using the Anti-HbF antibody. Cytotoxicity of compounds 1-27 was also evaluated on mouse fibroblast 3T3 cell line and cancer Hela cell line using MTT assay. RESULT All the compounds (1-27) have not been reported for their erythroid induction activity previously. Compounds 1, 2, and 3 were found to be the potent erythroid inducing agents with % induction of 45± 6.9, 44± 5.9, and 41± 6.1, at 1.56, 0.78, and 0.78 μM concentrations, respectively, as compared to untreated control (12 ± 1 % induction). Furthermore, compound 1, 2, and 3 significantly induced fetal hemoglobin the expression up to 4.2-fold, 4.06-fold, and 3.52-fold, respectively, as compared to untreated control. Moreover, the compounds 1-4, 6-9, 11, 12, 15, 17, 19, 22, 23, and 25 were found to be non-cytotoxic against the 3T3 cell line. CONCLUSION This study signifies that the compounds reported here may serve as the starting point for the designing and development of new fetal hemoglobin inducers for the treatment of β- hemoglobinopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hina Siddiqui
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi-75270, Pakistan
| | - Sarah Shafi
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi-75270, Pakistan
| | - Hamad Ali
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi-75270, Pakistan
| | - Syed Ghulam Musharraf
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi-75270, Pakistan
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Ali H, Khan F, Ghulam Musharraf S. Acyclovir induces fetal hemoglobin via downregulation of γ-globin repressors, BCL11A and SOX6 trans-acting factors. Biochem Pharmacol 2021; 190:114612. [PMID: 34010599 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2021.114612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Pharmacological reactivation of developmentally silenced fetal hemoglobin (HbF) is an attractive approach to ameliorate the clinical manifestations of β-thalassemia and sickle cell anemia. Hydroxyurea, the only HbF inducer, has obtained regulatory approval. However, hydroxyurea non-responders and associated myelosuppression making its widespread use undesirable. A high level of HbF with safe and effective agents remains an elusive therapeutic goal for this global health burden. This study demonstrated the effect of acyclovir on γ-globin expression and erythropoiesis, associated with increased HbF production. In vitro, human erythroleukemia cells and human CD34+ erythroid progenitors, and in vivo β-YAC transgenic mice were used as experimental models. We found that acyclovir significantly induces expression of the γ-globin gene and HbF synthesis in CD34+ erythroid progenitors, without affecting terminal erythroid differentiation and erythroid cell proliferation. In contrast to other HbF inducers, no associated cytotoxicity with acyclovir was observed. Further, we reported the effect of acyclovir on γ-globin gene transcriptional regulators including BCL11A, FOP1, KLF1 SOX6, and GATA-1. Significant downregulation of the γ-globin repressors BCL11A and SOX6 was observed at both mRNA and protein levels. Whereas, GATA-1, a master erythroid transcription factor, was upregulated in acyclovir treated human CD34+ erythroid culture. Similarly, the HbF inducing effect of acyclovir in β-YAC transgenic mice revealed a good in vitro correlation, with a substantial increase in fetal globin mRNA, and F cells population. These findings collectively suggest acyclovir as an effective HbF inducer and pave the way to evaluate its clinical efficacy in treating β-globin disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamad Ali
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - Faisal Khan
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - Syed Ghulam Musharraf
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan; H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan.
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Khalifa SA, Yosri N, El-Mallah MF, Ghonaim R, Guo Z, Musharraf SG, Du M, Khatib A, Xiao J, Saeed A, El-Seedi HH, Zhao C, Efferth T, El-Seedi HR. Screening for natural and derived bio-active compounds in preclinical and clinical studies: One of the frontlines of fighting the coronaviruses pandemic. Phytomedicine 2021; 85:153311. [PMID: 33067112 PMCID: PMC7455571 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2020.153311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2020] [Revised: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Starting December 2019, mankind faced an unprecedented enemy, the COVID-19 virus. The world convened in international efforts, experiences and technologies in order to fight the emerging pandemic. Isolation, hygiene measure, diagnosis, and treatment are the most efficient ways of prevention and intervention nowadays. The health organizations and global care systems screened the available resources and offered recommendations of approved and proposed medications. However, the search for a specific selective therapy or vaccine against COVID-19 remains a challenge. METHODS A literature search was performed for the screening of natural and derived bio-active compounds which showed potent antiviral activity against coronaviruses using published articles, patents, clinical trials website (https://clinicaltrials.gov/) and web databases (PubMed, SCI Finder, Science Direct, and Google Scholar). RESULTS Through the screening for natural products with antiviral activities against different types of the human coronavirus, extracts of Lycoris radiata (L'Hér.), Gentiana scabra Bunge, Dioscorea batatas Decne., Cassia tora L., Taxillus chinensis (DC.), Cibotium barometz L. and Echinacea purpurea L. showed a promising effect against SARS-CoV. Out of the listed compound Lycorine, emetine dihydrochloride hydrate, pristimerin, harmine, conessine, berbamine, 4`-hydroxychalcone, papaverine, mycophenolic acid, mycophenolate mofetil, monensin sodium, cycloheximide, oligomycin and valinomycin show potent activity against human coronaviruses. Additionally, it is worth noting that some compounds have already moved into clinical trials for their activity against COVID-19 including fingolimod, methylprednisolone, chloroquine, tetrandrine and tocilizumab. CONCLUSION Natural compounds and their derivatives could be used for developing potent therapeutics with significant activity against SARS-COV-2, providing a promising frontline in the fighting against COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaden A.M. Khalifa
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, S-106 91, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Nermeen Yosri
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Menoufia University, 32512 Shebin El-Kom, Egypt,School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Mohamed F. El-Mallah
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Menoufia University, 32512 Shebin El-Kom, Egypt
| | - Reem Ghonaim
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Menoufia University, 32512 Shebin El-Kom, Egypt
| | - Zhiming Guo
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Syed Ghulam Musharraf
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi-75270, Pakistan
| | - Ming Du
- School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Alfi Khatib
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuantan, 25200, Pahang, Malaysia,Faculty of Pharmacy, Airlangga University, Surabaya 60155, Indonesia
| | - Jianbo Xiao
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Control in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Macau
| | - Aamer Saeed
- Department of Chemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | | | - Chao Zhao
- College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Thomas Efferth
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Johannes Gutenberg University, Staudinger Weg 5, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Hesham R. El-Seedi
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, S-106 91, Stockholm, Sweden,Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Menoufia University, 32512 Shebin El-Kom, Egypt,H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi-75270, Pakistan,International Research Center for Food Nutrition and Safety, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China,Corresponding author at: Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, S-106 91, Stockholm, Sweden
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Akhtar A, Kazi TG, Afridi HI, Baig JA, Musharraf SG, Arain MB. Efficiency of different green shaking extraction methods for the preconcentration of trace quantity of mercury in artificial saliva extract of snuff products: impact on adult consumers. Chem Pap 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11696-021-01545-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Adil N, Ali H, Siddiqui AJ, Ali A, Ahmed A, El-Seedi HR, Musharraf SG. Evaluation of cytotoxicity of areca nut and its commercial products on normal human gingival fibroblast and oral squamous cell carcinoma cell lines. J Hazard Mater 2021; 403:123872. [PMID: 33264944 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.123872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2020] [Revised: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Consumption of areca nut products is the most common cause of oral cancers, particularly in South Asian countries. This study evaluates the cytotoxic and necrotizing effects of areca nut and its formulations on normal human gingival fibroblasts (HGF-1) and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC, CAL-27) cell lines. Identification of various carcinogens and adulterants using LC-HR-ESI-MS/MS analysis was performed in the extracts of areca nut and its products. Apart from alkaloids and flavonoids, a major adulterant, saccharin was found in all the samples of chalia (one of the most common chewing products of areca nut) in the ranges between 1.697-7.170 mg/g of the sample. Cytotoxic studies showed that most of the areca nut products were found cytotoxic to HGF-1 cells while being relatively non-cytotoxic against CAL-27 cells, rather they promote the growth of cancer cells. Our findings revealed that the components of areca nut and its products were injurious to HGF-1 cells and caused necrosis, which may attenuate HGF-1 protection toward oral epithelial cells. Moreover, the non-cytotoxic effect of these products on cancer cell lines suggests further predisposal of the habitual chewers for developing oral carcinomas. This study will give a better understanding of the hazardous effects of areca nut products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nurmeen Adil
- H. E. J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan
| | - Hamad Ali
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan
| | - Amna Jabbar Siddiqui
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan
| | - Arslan Ali
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan
| | - Ayaz Ahmed
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan
| | - Hesham R El-Seedi
- Pharmacognosy Group, Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Uppsala University, Biomedical Centre, Box 591, Uppsala, SE-75 124, Sweden; International Research Center for Food Nutrition and Safety, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - Syed Ghulam Musharraf
- H. E. J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan; Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan.
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Ramzan M, Ahmed A, Usmani Y, Siddiqui AJ, Bhatti MS, Musharraf SG. Flow Injection-High Resolution-Electrospray Ionization-Mass Spectrometry (FI-HR-ESI-MS) Method for the Screening of Antimicrobial Pharmaceutical Drugs and Compounds against Klebsiella pneumoniae. Eur J Pharm Sci 2021; 157:105633. [PMID: 33130071 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2020.105633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Revised: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The development of drug resistant microorganism is a global threat. Therefore, screening of more compounds for antimicrobial potentials is needed. Hence, a rapid method was developed for the screening of antimicrobial drugs and compounds against Klebsiella pneumoniae using Flow Injection Analysis-High Resolution-Mass Spectrometry. The method was optimized for bacterial culture time and concentration of drugs. IC50 values for the drugs were calculated from the percent intensity of 704.5207 m/z of K. pneumoniae at 5 hrs incubation. This mass was proposed as diacylglycerophosphoethanolamine and observed as a potential biomarker of K. pneumoniae for the evaluation of inhibition potential of antimicrobial drugs and compounds. The calculated values for half maximal inhibitory concentration of cefixime, gentamicin and enrofloxacin were 0.052, 0.028 and 0.042 µg/mL, respectively. Ten compounds were also screened against the developed method, among them one compound (RSE-6) was found to be active with IC50 value of 45.08 µg/mL. The obtained results were further compared with MIC values, obtained from micro dilution and Alamar blue assay after 24 hrs incubation. In comparison to these methods, developed method is sensitive, reproducible, rapid and robust for the determination of IC50 value or inhibition potential of the drugs and compounds even at early incubation period of 5 hours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Ramzan
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan
| | - Ayaz Ahmed
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan
| | - Yamina Usmani
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan
| | - Amna Jabbar Siddiqui
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Salman Bhatti
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan
| | - Syed Ghulam Musharraf
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan; Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan.
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Kumari S, Ali A, Roome T, Razzak A, Iqbal A, Jabbar Siddiqui A, Muhammad Zahid Azam S, Shaikh H, El-Seedi HR, Musharraf SG. Metabolomics approach to understand the hepatitis C virus induced hepatocellular carcinoma using LC-ESI-MS/MS. ARAB J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2020.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
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Ullah J, Hashmi S, Ali A, Khan F, Sami SA, Basir N, Bokhari SS, Sharif H, El-Seedi HR, Musharraf SG. Pericardial fluid proteomic label-free quantification of differentially expressed proteins in ischemic heart disease patients with systolic dysfunction by nano-LC-ESI-MS/MS analysis. RSC Adv 2020; 11:320-327. [PMID: 35423047 PMCID: PMC8691035 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra08389e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Left ventricular systolic dysfunction (LVSD) is common in patients with pre-existing ischemic heart disease (IHD) and myocardial infarction. An untargeted proteomic approach is used to improve the understanding of the molecular mechanisms associated with LVSD and to find out potential proteomic signatures in pericardial fluid. The pericardial fluid of IHD (n = 45) patients was grouped into two categories according to the left ventricular ejection fraction, LVEF ≥45 (n = 33) and LVEF <45 (n = 12), and analyzed by using nano-liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (nano-LC-MS/MS) technique. The nano-LC-MS/MS analysis resulted in the identification of 709 pericardial fluid (PF) proteins in both normal and impaired systolic functional groups (LVEF ≥45 vs. LVEF <45). Sixteen proteins were found to be differentially expressed (p < 0.05, fold change >2) including 12 down-regulated and 4 up-regulated in the impaired systolic functional group (LVEF <45) compared to the normal group (LVEF ≥45). Among the differentially expressed proteins the inflammatory marker albumin, atherosclerosis marker apolipoprotein A-IV and hedgehog-interacting protein marker of angiogenesis were predominantly associated with the impaired LVEF <45 group. KEGG pathway analysis revealed that the hedgehog (Hh) signalling pathway is up-regulated in LVSD reflecting the underlying molecular and pathophysiological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junaid Ullah
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi Karachi-75270 Pakistan +92 213 4819018 +92 213 4819019 +92 213 4824924 +92 213 4824925 +92 213 4819010
| | - Satwat Hashmi
- Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Agha Khan University Karachi-74800 Pakistan
| | - Arslan Ali
- Dr Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi Karachi-75270 Pakistan
| | - Faisal Khan
- Dr Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi Karachi-75270 Pakistan
| | - Shahid Ahmed Sami
- Department of Surgery, The Aga Khan University Hospital Karachi-74800 Pakistan
| | - Nageeb Basir
- Department of Medicine, The Aga Khan University Hospital Karachi-74800 Pakistan
| | - Syeda Saira Bokhari
- Department of Medicine, The Aga Khan University Hospital Karachi-74800 Pakistan
| | - Hasanat Sharif
- Department of Surgery, The Aga Khan University Hospital Karachi-74800 Pakistan
| | - Hesham R El-Seedi
- Pharmacognosy Group, Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, BMC, Uppsala University SE-751 23 Uppsala Sweden
- International Research Center for Food Nutrition and Safety, Jiangsu University Zhenjiang 212013 China
| | - Syed Ghulam Musharraf
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi Karachi-75270 Pakistan +92 213 4819018 +92 213 4819019 +92 213 4824924 +92 213 4824925 +92 213 4819010
- Dr Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi Karachi-75270 Pakistan
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El-Seedi HR, Yosri N, Khalifa SAM, Guo Z, Musharraf SG, Xiao J, Saeed A, Du M, Khatib A, Abdel-Daim MM, Efferth T, Göransson U, Verpoorte R. Exploring natural products-based cancer therapeutics derived from egyptian flora. J Ethnopharmacol 2020; 269:113626. [PMID: 33248183 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Egyptian plants are a rich source of natural molecules, representing considerable biodiversity due to climate variations between the Northern, Southern, Eastern and Western regions of the country. Sinai is considered a precious nature reserves preserving flora, fauna, marine organisms, and historical habitats with ancient origins. Here, traditional medicinal approaches have been used for hundreds of years. Healthy lifestyles, low levels of stress and microbial infections, and a dependence on flora and herbal medicine might in combination explain why the burden of cancer is lower in some regions than in others. AIM OF THE STUDY The primary aim of this review is to document the plants and natural products that are used as foods and medicines in Egypt, in general, and in Sinai, in particular, with a focus on those with demonstrated anticancer activities. The documented traditional uses of these plants are described, together with their chemical and pharmacological activities and the reported outcomes of clinical trials against cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS A literature search was performed to identify texts describing the medicinal plants that are cultivated and grown in Egypt, including information found in textbooks, published articles, the plant list website (http://www.theplantlist.org/), the medicinal plant names services website (http://mpns.kew.org/mpns-portal/), and web databases (PubMed, Science Direct, and Google Scholar). RESULTS AND DISCUSSION We collected data for most of the plants cultivated or grown in Egypt that have been previously investigated for anticancer effects and reported their identified bioactive elements. Several plant species, belonging to different families and associated with 67 bioactive compounds, were investigated as potential anticancer agents (in vitro studies). The most potent cytotoxic activities were identified for the families Asteraceae, Lamiaceae, Chenopodiaceae, Apocynaceae, Asclepiadaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Gramineae, and Liliaceae. The anticancer activities of some species, such as Punica granatum L., Nerium oleander L., Olea europea L., Matricaria chamomilla L., Cassia acutifolia L., Nigella sativa L., Capsicum frutescens L., Withania somnifera L., and Zingiber officinale Roscoe, have been examined in clinical trials. Among the various Egyptian plant habitats, we found that most of these plants are grown in the North Sinai, New-Delta, and Giza Governorates. CONCLUSION In this review, we highlight the role played by Egyptian flora in current medicinal therapies and the possibility that these plants may be examined in further studies for the development of anticancer drugs. These bioactive plant extracts form the basis for the isolation of phytochemicals with demonstrated anticancer activities. Some active components derived from these plants have been applied to preclinical and clinical settings, including resveratrol, quercetin, isoquercetin, and rutin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hesham R El-Seedi
- Pharmacognosy Group, Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Uppsala University, Biomedical Centre, Box 574, 751 23, Uppsala, Sweden; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Menoufia University, 32512, Shebin El-Kom, Egypt; International Research Center for Food Nutrition and Safety, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China.
| | - Nermeen Yosri
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Menoufia University, 32512, Shebin El-Kom, Egypt; School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - Shaden A M Khalifa
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, Stockholm University, Wenner-Gren Institute, SE-106 91, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Zhiming Guo
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - Syed Ghulam Musharraf
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan
| | - Jianbo Xiao
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Control in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Macau
| | - Aamer Saeed
- Chemistry Department, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
| | - Ming Du
- School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, China
| | - Alfi Khatib
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuantan, 25200, Pahang, Malaysia; Faculty of Pharmacy, Airlangga University, Surabaya, 60155, Indonesia
| | - Mohamed M Abdel-Daim
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia; Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt
| | - Thomas Efferth
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Johannes Gutenberg University, Staudinger Weg 5, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Ulf Göransson
- Pharmacognosy Group, Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Uppsala University, Biomedical Centre, Box 574, 751 23, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Rob Verpoorte
- Natural Products Laboratory, IBL, Leiden University PO Box 9505, 2300RA, Leiden, the Netherlands
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Abstract
Understanding the cellular processes is central to comprehend disease conditions and is also true for cancer research. Proteomic studies provide significant insight into cancer mechanisms and aid in the diagnosis and prognosis of the disease. Phosphoproteome is one of the most studied complements of the whole proteome given its importance in the understanding of cellular processes such as signaling and regulations. Over the last decade, several new methods have been developed for phosphoproteome analysis. A significant amount of these efforts pertains to cancer research. The current use of powerful analytical instruments in phosphoproteomic approaches has paved the way for deeper and sensitive investigations. However, these methods and techniques need further improvements to deal with challenges posed by the complexity of samples and scarcity of phosphoproteins in the whole proteome, throughput and reproducibility. This review aims to provide a comprehensive summary of the variety of steps used in phosphoproteomic methods applied in cancer research including the enrichment and fractionation strategies. This will allow researchers to evaluate and choose a better combination of steps for their phosphoproteome studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Gani Sürmen
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Aziz Sancar Institute of Experimental Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Saime Sürmen
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Aziz Sancar Institute of Experimental Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Arslan Ali
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan.
| | - Syed Ghulam Musharraf
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan.
| | - Nesrin Emekli
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey
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Iftikhar F, Khan MBN, Musharraf SG. Monoterpenes as therapeutic candidates to induce fetal hemoglobin synthesis and up-regulation of gamma-globin gene: An in vitro and in vivo investigation. Eur J Pharmacol 2020; 891:173700. [PMID: 33137331 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Pharmacologically induced production of fetal hemoglobin (HbF) is a pragmatic therapeutic strategy for the reduction of globin chain imbalance and improving the clinical severities of patients with β-hemoglobinopathies. To identify highly desirable new therapeutic HbF-inducing agents, we screened functionally diverse ten monoterpenes, as molecular entities for their potent induction and erythroid differentiation ability in human erythroleukemia cell line (K562) and transgenic mice. Benzidine hemoglobin staining demonstrated six compounds to have significantly induced erythroid differentiation of K562 cells in a dose and time-dependent manner. This induction paralleled well with the optimal accumulated quantity of total hemoglobin in treated cultures. The cytotoxic studies revealed that three (carvacrol, 3-carene, and 1,4-cineole) of the six compounds with their maximal erythroid expansion ability did not affect cell proliferation and were found non-toxic. Four compounds were found to have high potency, with 4-8-fold induction of HbF at both transcriptional and protein levels in vitro. Subsequently, an in vivo study with the three active non-cytotoxic compounds showed significant overexpression of the γ-globin gene and HbF production. Carvacrol emerged as a lead HbF regulator suggested by the increase in expression of γ-globin mRNA content (5.762 ± 0.54-fold in K562 cells and 5.59 ± 0.20-fold increase in transgenic mice), accompanied by an increase in fetal hemoglobin (F-cells) levels (83.47% in K562 cells and 79.6% in mice model). This study implicates monoterpenes as new HbF inducing candidates but warrants mechanistic elucidation to develop them into potential therapeutic drugs in β-thalassemia and sickle cell anemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fizza Iftikhar
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Behroz Naeem Khan
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan
| | - Syed Ghulam Musharraf
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan; H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan.
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49
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Shadab H, Khan MN, Ul Haq F, Ali H, El-Seedi HR, Musharraf SG. Cross-mixing study of a poisonous Cestrum species, Cestrum diurnum in herbal raw material by chemical fingerprinting using LC-ESI-QTOF-MS/MS. ARAB J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2020.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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50
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Ullah J, Khanum Z, Khan IA, Khalid AN, Musharraf SG, Ali A. Metaproteomics reveals the structural and functional diversity of Dermatocarpon miniatum (L.) W. Mann. Microbiota. Fungal Biol 2020; 125:32-38. [PMID: 33317774 DOI: 10.1016/j.funbio.2020.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Revised: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Metaproteomics is a strategy to understand the taxonomy, functionality and metabolic pathways of the microbial communities. The relationship among the symbiotic microbiota in the entire lichen thallus, Dermatocarpon miniatum, was evaluated using the metaproteomic approach. Proteomic profiling using one-dimensional SDS-PAGE followed by LC-MS/MS analysis resulted in a total of 138 identified proteins via Mascot search against UniRef100 and Swiss-Prot databases. In addition to the fungal and algal partners, D. miniatum proteome encompasses proteins from prokaryotes, which is a multifarious community mainly dominated by cyanobacteria and proteobacteria. While proteins assigned to fungus were the most abundant (55 %), followed by protists (16 %), bacterial (13 %), plant (11 %), and viral (1 %) origin, whereas 4 % remained undefined. Various proteins were assigned to the different lichen symbionts by using Gene Ontology (GO) terms, e.g. fungal proteins involved in the oxidation-reduction process, protein folding and glycolytic process, while protists and bacterial proteins were involved in photosynthetic electron transport in photosystem II (PS II), ATP synthesis coupled proton transport, and carbon fixation. The presence of bacterial communities extended the traditional concept of fungal-algal lichen symbiotic interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junaid Ullah
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan
| | - Zainab Khanum
- Jamil Ur Rahman Center for Genome Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan
| | - Ishtiaq Ahmad Khan
- Jamil Ur Rahman Center for Genome Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan
| | | | - Syed Ghulam Musharraf
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan; Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan.
| | - Arslan Ali
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan.
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