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Goto K, Ogawa K, Hishima T, Oishi N, Tomita O, Tsuyuki T, Oda T, Iwahashi Y, Inaba Y, Honma K. Seborrheic Keratosis With Malignant Transformation (Invasive or Noninvasive Squamous Cell Carcinoma Arising in Seborrheic Keratosis): A Clinicopathologic and Immunohistochemical Study of 11 Cases. Am J Dermatopathol 2022; 44:891-899. [PMID: 36395445 DOI: 10.1097/dad.0000000000002245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Seborrheic keratosis is a common benign neoplasm composed of basaloid keratinocytes. However, little is known about the malignant transformation of the tumor. Eleven cases of seborrheic keratosis with malignant transformation were analyzed. The 11 patients included 5 male patients and 6 female patients with a median age of 75 years at diagnosis (68-90 years). The tumors arose at various sites from the scalp (n = 3) to the lower leg (n = 2). The median tumor size was 12 (10-32) and 40 (20-75) mm in 7 noninvasive and 4 invasive cases, respectively. One patient exhibited in-transit skin metastasis. Histopathology of the malignant components resembled porocarcinoma or inverted follicular keratosis. Bowenoid and pagetoid spreading was frequently observed. The malignant components expressed cytokeratin 5/6 (100%) and GATA3 (73%), but not cytokeratin 7 (0%), cytokeratin 19 (9%), BerEP4 (0%), c-kit (0%), and NUT (0%). No significant immunoreactivity of YAP1 was observed in any of the cases. Mutant-type immunostaining of p53 and PTEN was observed in 91% and 82% of the cases, respectively. An increase in p16 expression was seen in 6 (86%) of the 7 cases with noninvasive carcinoma, although a loss of p16 immunoexpression was seen in the invasive carcinoma component in 3 (75%) of the 4 cases. This study demonstrated that seborrheic keratosis can undergo malignant transformation, particularly in large-sized lesions in elderly patients. Malignant components mimic porocarcinoma or inverted follicular keratosis. Malignant transformation induced by TP53 and PTEN mutations and tumor invasion by CDKN2A inactivating mutations are suggested in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keisuke Goto
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology and Cytology, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka, Japan
- Department of Pathology, Tokyo Metropolitan Cancer and Infectious Disease Center Komagome Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Pathology, Itabashi Central Clinical Laboratory, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Shizuoka Cancer Center Hospital, Sunto, Japan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory and Diagnostic Pathology, Osaka National Hospital, Osaka, Japan
- Department of Dermatology, Hyogo Cancer Center, Akashi, Japan
- Department of Dermato-Oncology/Dermatology, National Hospital Organization Kagoshima Medical Center, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Kohei Ogawa
- Department of Dermatology, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Tsunekazu Hishima
- Department of Pathology, Tokyo Metropolitan Cancer and Infectious Disease Center Komagome Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Ozumi Tomita
- Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Japan
| | | | - Takao Oda
- Dermatology, Kainan Hospital, Yatomi, Japan ; and
| | | | - Yutaka Inaba
- Dermatology, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Keiichiro Honma
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology and Cytology, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka, Japan
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Ye Q, Chen KJ, Jia M, Fang S. Clinical and Histopathological Characteristics of Tumors Arising in Seborrheic Keratosis: A Study of 1365 Cases. Ther Clin Risk Manag 2021; 17:1135-1143. [PMID: 34737570 PMCID: PMC8558104 DOI: 10.2147/tcrm.s316988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The aim of this study was to describe the clinical and histopathological characteristics of seborrheic keratosis (SK) with secondary tumor and identify associated factors. Methods This study was a monocentric retrospective case-control study describing the factors associated with the development of tumors in SK. A total of 1365 patients with SK were admitted to our department between 2018 and 2021. All of the histopathological specimens and medical records of these patients were reviewed. We compared the data of 36 patients with tumors arising in SK with those of the remaining 1329 patients with only SK, which were designated the control group. Results The incidence of tumors arising in SK that were biopsied was 2.6%. The tumor types included squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and keratoacanthoma (KA). Compared with other patients with SK, elderly patients with immunosuppression, patients presenting surrounding erythema or ulceration, and those with SK in exposed areas had an increased possibility of developing a secondary tumor. Tumors arising within SK have the histopathological features of ulceration, cytologic atypia, mitosis, “malignant horn”, trabecular cell cords, solar elastosis and severe inflammatory infiltration in the dermis. Conclusion SK can show malignant progression in a small fraction of SK cases that are biopsied. This study is the first report on the clinical and histopathological characteristics of tumors arising in SK and identifies relevant factors in an Asian population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Ye
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Ke-Jun Chen
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Meng Jia
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Sheng Fang
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China
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Abstract
Eccrine porocarcinoma is a rare skin cancer that originates from the acrosyringium of eccrine sweat glands. From the clinical point of view the differential diagnosis with other skin cancers such as basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma it is often impossible, only the histopathologic features can lead to the definitive diagnosis. Eccrine porocarcinoma can arise from a previous poroma or de novo, it may recur after surgical excision and cause lymph node and visceral metastasis. There are no international guidelines for treatment or follow-up of patients. The aim of this work was to present a rare case of eccrine porocarcinoma of the scalp successfully treated in our clinic and to extrapolate from the international literature the main clinical and histopathological features of eccrine porocarcinoma and the various experiences regarding the types of treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Grieco
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Parma, Parma, Italy.,Unit of Cutaneous, Regenerative, Mininvasive and Plastic Surgery, University Hospital of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Francesco Simonacci
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Parma, Parma, Italy - .,Unit of Cutaneous, Regenerative, Mininvasive and Plastic Surgery, University Hospital of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Eugenio Grignaffini
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Parma, Parma, Italy.,Unit of Cutaneous, Regenerative, Mininvasive and Plastic Surgery, University Hospital of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Roberto Ricci
- Unit of Anatomic Pathology, University Hospital of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Edoardo Raposio
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Parma, Parma, Italy.,Unit of Cutaneous, Regenerative, Mininvasive and Plastic Surgery, University Hospital of Parma, Parma, Italy
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Kim HJ, Kim A, Moon KC, Seo SH, Kim IH, Kim A, Baek YS. Eccrine Porocarcinoma: A Multicenter Retrospective Study with Review of the Literatures Reported in Korea. Ann Dermatol 2020; 32:223-229. [PMID: 33911741 PMCID: PMC7992626 DOI: 10.5021/ad.2020.32.3.223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Revised: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Eccrine porocarcinoma (EPC) is a rare malignant cutaneous adnexal tumor. Other than several scattered case reports, no comprehensive review on EPC has been conducted in Korea. OBJECTIVE To clinicopathologically review all EPC cases from our institutions as well as those reported in Korea. METHODS Medical records and histopathological slides of EPC cases in the skin biopsy registries of our institutions were retrospectively reviewed. Additionally, EPC cases reported in Korea before June 2019 were retrieved by searching the PubMed, KoMCI, KoreaMed, and KMbase databases. RESULTS Nine EPC cases from our institutions were included in the study. In addition, 27 reports of 28 patients with EPC were reported in Korea. A total of 37 patients with EPC were identified, consisting of 19 males (male:female ratio, 1.06:1; mean age at diagnosis, 65.6 years). The most common site of primary tumor was the head and neck (29.7%). Wide excision was the most common (78.4%) treatment method. Initial metastasis work-up imaging studies were performed in 18 patients (48.6%), and metastasis was confirmed in eight patients (21.6%). CONCLUSION EPC is a rare cutaneous carcinoma in Korea. EPC usually affects elderly patients, with no sexual predilection. Due to possible metastasis, careful diagnosis and appropriate metastasis work-ups are warranted in EPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hee Joo Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
| | - Anna Kim
- Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyung-Chul Moon
- Department of Plastic Surgery, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Soo Hong Seo
- Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Il-Hwan Kim
- Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Aeree Kim
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yoo Sang Baek
- Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
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Vazquez B, Estebanez A, Garcia A, Ramon MD, Monteagudo C. A pigmented and eroded lesion on the buttock. Clin Exp Dermatol 2019; 45:225-228. [PMID: 30809824 DOI: 10.1111/ced.13942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- B Vazquez
- Department of Dermatology, Clinical University Hospital of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - A Estebanez
- Department of Dermatology, Clinical University Hospital of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - A Garcia
- Department of Dermatology, Clinical University Hospital of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - M D Ramon
- Department of Dermatology, Clinical University Hospital of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.,Department of Pathology, Clinical University Hospital of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - C Monteagudo
- Department of Pathology, Clinical University Hospital of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.,University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Eccrine porocarcinoma (EPC) is a rare cutaneous neoplasm with high potential for morbidity and mortality. Due to its rarity, there is a paucity of data profiling diagnosis, work-up, and management. OBJECTIVE To consolidate reported information on demographics, diagnostics, clinical behavior, treatment modalities, and patient outcomes in EPC to provide a reference tool to optimize diagnosis and management. METHODS A comprehensive PubMed search was performed from 1963 to November 2017 using PRISMA guidelines. This yielded 155 articles detailing 206 cases of porocarcinoma. RESULTS Eccrine porocarcinoma most often presents in elderly patients on the head and neck or lower limbs. Metastatic disease at presentation is not uncommon (22%). Primary tumor location is significantly correlated with presence of metastasis (p = .038). The most common treatment is excision followed by Mohs micrographic surgery (MMS), although the outcomes after MMS were superior to those after surgical excision. CONCLUSION This systematic review of individual patient data reveals that all patients should have a histological diagnosis with imaging considered for high-risk cases. Primary tumor location should also be considered in diagnostic and therapeutic decision-making. Although wide local excision (WLE) is currently the first-line treatment, MMS is becoming increasingly used, with evidence indicating improved outcomes as compared to those seen with WLE.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Ashley Wysong
- Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Keck Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, California
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Riera-Leal L, Guevara-Gutiérrez E, Barrientos-García JG, Madrigal-Kasem R, Briseño-Rodríguez G, Tlacuilo-Parra A. Eccrine porocarcinoma: epidemiologic and histopathologic characteristics. Int J Dermatol 2014; 54:580-6. [DOI: 10.1111/ijd.12714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lizbeth Riera-Leal
- Instituto Dermatológico de Jalisco “Dr. José Barba Rubio”; Secretaria de Salud Jalisco; Zapopan México
| | | | | | - Rodrigo Madrigal-Kasem
- Instituto Dermatológico de Jalisco “Dr. José Barba Rubio”; Secretaria de Salud Jalisco; Zapopan México
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Bedir R, Yurdakul C, Güçer H, Sehitoglu I. Basal Cell Carcinoma Arising within Seborrheic Keratosis. J Clin Diagn Res 2014; 8:YD06-7. [PMID: 25177624 DOI: 10.7860/jcdr/2014/8665.4604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2014] [Accepted: 04/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Malignant tumour development within a seborrheic keratosis (SK) is extremely rare. Though the most commonly developed malignant tumour is the basal cell carcinoma (BCC), other tumour types have also been reported in literature. Herein, we will report a superficial type BCC case developed within SK localized in hairy skin of a 78-year-old female patient. In immunohistochemical evaluation, diffuse positive staining with CK19 and over-expression in p53 compared with non-neoplastic areas were determined in neoplastic basaloid islands. It is always not easy to differentiate especially superficial type BCC cases from non-neoplastic epithelium of SK with histopathological evaluation. As far as this reason we believe that in difficult differentiation of these 2 lesions, in order to show the differentiation in basal epithelium, immunohistochemical evaluation may be helpful.
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Affiliation(s)
- Recep Bedir
- Medical Faculty, Department of Pathology, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University , Rize, Turkey
| | - Cüneyt Yurdakul
- Medical Faculty, Department of Pathology, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University , Rize, Turkey
| | - Hasan Güçer
- Medical Faculty, Department of Pathology, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University , Rize, Turkey
| | - Ibrahim Sehitoglu
- Medical Faculty, Department of Pathology, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University , Rize, Turkey
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