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Béliveau C, Gagné P, Picq S, Vernygora O, Keeling CI, Pinkney K, Doucet D, Wen F, Spencer Johnston J, Maaroufi H, Boyle B, Laroche J, Dewar K, Juretic N, Blackburn G, Nisole A, Brunet B, Brandão M, Lumley L, Duan J, Quan G, Lucarotti CJ, Roe AD, Sperling FAH, Levesque RC, Cusson M. The Spruce Budworm Genome: Reconstructing the Evolutionary History of Antifreeze Proteins. Genome Biol Evol 2022; 14:evac087. [PMID: 35668612 PMCID: PMC9210311 DOI: 10.1093/gbe/evac087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Insects have developed various adaptations to survive harsh winter conditions. Among freeze-intolerant species, some produce "antifreeze proteins" (AFPs) that bind to nascent ice crystals and inhibit further ice growth. Such is the case of the spruce budworm, Choristoneura fumiferana (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), a destructive North American conifer pest that can withstand temperatures below -30°C. Despite the potential importance of AFPs in the adaptive diversification of Choristoneura, genomic tools to explore their origins have until now been limited. Here we present a chromosome-scale genome assembly for C. fumiferana, which we used to conduct comparative genomic analyses aimed at reconstructing the evolutionary history of tortricid AFPs. The budworm genome features 16 genes homologous to previously reported C. fumiferana AFPs (CfAFPs), 15 of which map to a single region on chromosome 18. Fourteen of these were also detected in five congeneric species, indicating Choristoneura AFP diversification occurred before the speciation event that led to C. fumiferana. Although budworm AFPs were previously considered unique to the genus Choristoneura, a search for homologs targeting recently sequenced tortricid genomes identified seven CfAFP-like genes in the distantly related Notocelia uddmanniana. High structural similarity between Notocelia and Choristoneura AFPs suggests a common origin, despite the absence of homologs in three related tortricids. Interestingly, one Notocelia AFP formed the C-terminus of a "zonadhesin-like" protein, possibly representing the ancestral condition from which tortricid AFPs evolved. Future work should clarify the evolutionary path of AFPs between Notocelia and Choristoneura and assess the role of the "zonadhesin-like" protein as precursor of tortricid AFPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Béliveau
- Laurentian Forestry Centre, Natural Resources Canada, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Patrick Gagné
- Laurentian Forestry Centre, Natural Resources Canada, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Sandrine Picq
- Laurentian Forestry Centre, Natural Resources Canada, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Oksana Vernygora
- Department of Entomology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Christopher I Keeling
- Laurentian Forestry Centre, Natural Resources Canada, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
- Département de biochimie, de microbiologie et de bio-informatique, Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Kristine Pinkney
- Great Lakes Forestry Centre, Natural Resources Canada, Sault Ste. Marie, Ontario, Canada
| | - Daniel Doucet
- Great Lakes Forestry Centre, Natural Resources Canada, Sault Ste. Marie, Ontario, Canada
| | - Fayuan Wen
- Great Lakes Forestry Centre, Natural Resources Canada, Sault Ste. Marie, Ontario, Canada
- Center for Sickle Cell Disease, College of Medicine, Howard University, Washington DC, USA
| | - J Spencer Johnston
- Department of Entomology, Texas A&M University, 2475 College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Halim Maaroufi
- Institut de biologie intégrative et des systèmes, Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Brian Boyle
- Institut de biologie intégrative et des systèmes, Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jérôme Laroche
- Institut de biologie intégrative et des systèmes, Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Ken Dewar
- Quantitative Life Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Nikoleta Juretic
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Gwylim Blackburn
- Pacific Forestry Centre, Natural Resources Canada, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Audrey Nisole
- Laurentian Forestry Centre, Natural Resources Canada, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Bryan Brunet
- Ottawa Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Marcelo Brandão
- Laboratório de Biologia Integrativa e Sistêmica - CBMEG/UNICAMP, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Lisa Lumley
- Alberta Biodiversity Monitoring Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Jun Duan
- Great Lakes Forestry Centre, Natural Resources Canada, Sault Ste. Marie, Ontario, Canada
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Guoxing Quan
- Great Lakes Forestry Centre, Natural Resources Canada, Sault Ste. Marie, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Amanda D Roe
- Great Lakes Forestry Centre, Natural Resources Canada, Sault Ste. Marie, Ontario, Canada
| | - Felix A H Sperling
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Roger C Levesque
- Institut de biologie intégrative et des systèmes, Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Michel Cusson
- Laurentian Forestry Centre, Natural Resources Canada, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
- Département de biochimie, de microbiologie et de bio-informatique, Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
- Institut de biologie intégrative et des systèmes, Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
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Marshall KE, Roe AD. Surviving in a Frozen Forest: the Physiology of Eastern Spruce Budworm Overwintering. Physiology (Bethesda) 2021; 36:174-182. [PMID: 33904790 DOI: 10.1152/physiol.00037.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The eastern spruce budworm, Choristoneura fumiferana, is one of North America's most destructive forest insects. It survives the harsh winters by deploying both a sophisticated diapause program and a complex suite of cryoprotective molecules. The spruce budworm's cryoprotective biochemistry could revolutionize organ storage and transplants. Here we review the latest in C. fumiferana overwintering physiology and identify emerging theoretical and practical questions that are open for exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katie E Marshall
- Department of Zoology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Amanda D Roe
- Great Lakes Forestry Center, Canadian Forest Service, Natural Resources Canada, Sault Ste. Marie, Ontario, Canada
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Lu MX, Pan DD, Xu J, Liu Y, Wang GR, Du YZ. Identification and Functional Analysis of the First Aquaporin from Striped Stem Borer, Chilo suppressalis. Front Physiol 2018; 9:57. [PMID: 29467668 PMCID: PMC5808226 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.00057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2017] [Accepted: 01/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Aquaporins are integral membrane proteins some of which form high capacity water-selective channels, promoting water permeation across cell membranes. In this study, we isolated the aquaporin transcript (CsDrip1) of Chilo suppressalis, one of the important rice pests. CsDrip1 included two variants, CsDrip1_v1 and CsDrip1_v2. Although CsDrip1_v2 sequence (>409 bp) was longer than CsDrip1_v1, they possessed the same open reading frame (ORF). Protein structure and topology of CsDrip1 was analyzed using a predicted model, and the results demonstrated the conserved properties of insect water-specific aquaporins, including 6 transmembrane domains, 2 NPA motifs, ar/R constriction region (Phe69, His194, Ser203, and Arg209) and the C-terminal peptide sequence ending in "SYDF." Our data revealed that the Xenopus oocytes expressing CsDrip1 indicated CsDrip1 could transport water instead of glycerol, trehalose and urea. Further, the transcript of CsDrip1 expressed ubiquitously but differentially in different tissues or organs and developmental stages of C. suppressalis. CsDrip1 mRNA exhibited the highest level of expression within hindgut and the third instar larvae. Regardless of pupae and adults, there were significantly different expression levels of CsDrip1 gene between male and female. Different from at low temperature, the transcript of CsDrip1 in larvae exposed to high temperature was increased significantly. Moreover, the mRNA levels of CsDrip1 in the third instar larvae, the fifth instar larvae, pupae (male and female), and adults (male and female) under different humidities were investigated. However, the mRNA levels of CsDrip1 of only female and male adults were changed remarkably. In conclusions, CsDrip1 plays important roles in maintaining water homeostasis in this important rice pest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Xing Lu
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection and Institute of Applied Entomology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Dan-Dan Pan
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection and Institute of Applied Entomology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Jing Xu
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection and Institute of Applied Entomology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yang Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Gui-Rong Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yu-Zhou Du
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection and Institute of Applied Entomology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
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Transcriptome analysis and identification of induced genes in the response of Harmonia axyridis to cold hardiness. COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY D-GENOMICS & PROTEOMICS 2017; 22:78-89. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbd.2017.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2016] [Revised: 01/18/2017] [Accepted: 01/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Walker VK, Zeng H, Ohno H, Daraboina N, Sharifi H, Bagherzadeh SA, Alavi S, Englezos P. Antifreeze proteins as gas hydrate inhibitors. CAN J CHEM 2015. [DOI: 10.1139/cjc-2014-0538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Certain organisms survive low temperatures using a range of physiological changes including the production of antifreeze proteins (AFPs), which have evolved to adsorb to ice crystals. Several of these proteins have been purified and shown to also inhibit the crystallization of clathrate hydrates. They have been found to be effective against structure II (sII) hydrates formed from the liquid tetrahydrofuran, sI and sII gas hydrates formed from single gases, as well as sII natural gas hydrates using a mixture of three gases, as assessed using a variety of instrumentation including stirred reactors, differential scanning calorimetry, nuclear magnetic resonance, Raman spectroscopy, and X-ray powder diffraction. For the most part, AFPs are equal to or more effective than the commercial kinetic hydrate inhibitor (KHI) polyvinylpyrolidone, even under field conditions where saline and liquid hydrocarbons are present. Enclathrated gas analysis has revealed that the adsorption of AFPs to the hydrate surface is distinct from tested commercial KHIs and results in properties that should make these proteins more valuable in some field applications. Efforts to overcome the difficulties of recombinant protein production are ongoing, but in silico models of AFP adsorption to hydrates may offer the opportunity to design commercial KHIs for hydrocarbon recovery and transport with all the attributes of these AFP ”green inhibitors”, including their benefits for human and environmental safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virginia K. Walker
- Department of Biology, 116 Barrie Street, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Huang Zeng
- Department of Biology, 116 Barrie Street, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Hiroshi Ohno
- Department of Biology, 116 Barrie Street, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Nagu Daraboina
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, 2360 East Mall, The University of British Columbia, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Hassan Sharifi
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, 2360 East Mall, The University of British Columbia, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - S. Alireza Bagherzadeh
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, 2360 East Mall, The University of British Columbia, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Saman Alavi
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, 2360 East Mall, The University of British Columbia, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Peter Englezos
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, 2360 East Mall, The University of British Columbia, V6T 1Z3, Canada
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Duman JG. Animal ice-binding (antifreeze) proteins and glycolipids: an overview with emphasis on physiological function. J Exp Biol 2015; 218:1846-55. [DOI: 10.1242/jeb.116905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Ice-binding proteins (IBPs) assist in subzero tolerance of multiple cold-tolerant organisms: animals, plants, fungi, bacteria etc. IBPs include: (1) antifreeze proteins (AFPs) with high thermal hysteresis antifreeze activity; (2) low thermal hysteresis IBPs; and (3) ice-nucleating proteins (INPs). Several structurally different IBPs have evolved, even within related taxa. Proteins that produce thermal hysteresis inhibit freezing by a non-colligative mechanism, whereby they adsorb onto ice crystals or ice-nucleating surfaces and prevent further growth. This lowers the so-called hysteretic freezing point below the normal equilibrium freezing/melting point, producing a difference between the two, termed thermal hysteresis. True AFPs with high thermal hysteresis are found in freeze-avoiding animals (those that must prevent freezing, as they die if frozen) especially marine fish, insects and other terrestrial arthropods where they function to prevent freezing at temperatures below those commonly experienced by the organism. Low thermal hysteresis IBPs are found in freeze-tolerant organisms (those able to survive extracellular freezing), and function to inhibit recrystallization – a potentially damaging process whereby larger ice crystals grow at the expense of smaller ones – and in some cases, prevent lethal propagation of extracellular ice into the cytoplasm. Ice-nucleator proteins inhibit supercooling and induce freezing in the extracellular fluid at high subzero temperatures in many freeze-tolerant species, thereby allowing them to control the location and temperature of ice nucleation, and the rate of ice growth. Numerous nuances to these functions have evolved. Antifreeze glycolipids with significant thermal hysteresis activity were recently identified in insects, frogs and plants.
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A novel function – Thermal protective properties of an antifreeze protein from the summer desert beetle Microdera punctipennis. Cryobiology 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2012.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Kristiansen E, Wilkens C, Vincents B, Friis D, Lorentzen AB, Jenssen H, Løbner-Olesen A, Ramløv H. Hyperactive antifreeze proteins from longhorn beetles: some structural insights. JOURNAL OF INSECT PHYSIOLOGY 2012; 58:1502-1510. [PMID: 23000739 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinsphys.2012.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2012] [Revised: 09/07/2012] [Accepted: 09/10/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
This study reports on structural characteristics of hyperactive antifreeze proteins (AFPs) from two species of longhorn beetles. In Rhagium mordax, eight unique mRNAs coding for five different mature AFPs were identified from cold-hardy individuals. These AFPs are apparently homologues to a previously characterized AFP from the closely related species Rhagium inquisitor, and consist of six identifiable repeats of a putative ice binding motif TxTxTxT spaced irregularly apart by segments varying in length from 13 to 20 residues. Circular dichroism spectra show that the AFPs from both species have a high content of β-sheet and low levels of α-helix and random coil. Theoretical predictions of residue-specific secondary structure locate these β-sheets within the putative ice-binding motifs and the central parts of the segments separating them, consistent with an overall β-helical structure with the ice-binding motifs stacked in a β-sheet on one side of the coil. Molecular dynamics models based on these findings show that these AFPs would be energetically stable in a β-helical conformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erlend Kristiansen
- Institute of Science, Systems and Models, Roskilde University Center, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark
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Jarząbek M, Pukacki P, Nuc K. Cold-regulated proteins with potent antifreeze and cryoprotective activities in spruces (Picea spp.). Cryobiology 2009; 58:268-74. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2009.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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10
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How insects survive the cold: molecular mechanisms—a review. J Comp Physiol B 2008; 178:917-33. [DOI: 10.1007/s00360-008-0286-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 167] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2008] [Revised: 05/12/2008] [Accepted: 06/10/2008] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Qin W, Doucet D, Tyshenko MG, Walker VK. Transcription of antifreeze protein genes in Choristoneura fumiferana. INSECT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2007; 16:423-34. [PMID: 17651234 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2583.2007.00743.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Antifreeze proteins (AFPs) are encoded by approximately 17 genes in the spruce budworm, Choristoneura fumiferana. Northern analysis using 6 different cDNA probes showed isoform-specific patterns that varied during development. Transcripts for the majority of isoforms were most abundant in the second instar overwintering stage, but some were also detected in first instar and even in egg stages. In situ hybridization using riboprobes corresponding to two 9 kDa protein isoforms showed differential AFP expression even in second instars; CfAFP10 RNA was detected in all tissues, but CfAFP337 RNA distribution was more limited. Two genomic regions encoding three AFP genes have been isolated. Presumptive regulatory regions conferred transcriptional activity when placed upstream of a luciferase reporter sequence and transfected into a C. fumiferana cell line. The CfAFP2.26 core promoter is an 87 bp sequence containing a TATA box, whereas the CfAFP2.7 core promoter is a 76 bp sequence with both a TATA box and CAAT box, which directed higher reporter activities when tested in vitro. Reporter activity was not enhanced with five different hormones, although lower activities were observed with all intron-containing constructs. AFP message half-life, as assessed using reporter assays, was not appreciably influenced by isoform-specific-3'UTRs. These studies successfully demonstrate the temporal and spatial diversity of AFP expression encoded by this small gene family, and underscore the complexity of their regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Qin
- Department of Biology, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
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Qin W, Tyshenko MG, Doucet D, Walker VK. Characterization of antifreeze protein gene expression in summer spruce budworm larvae. INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2006; 36:210-8. [PMID: 16503482 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2006.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2005] [Revised: 01/06/2006] [Accepted: 01/19/2006] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Not surprisingly, in the spruce budworm, Choristoneura fumiferana, antifreeze protein (AFP) gene expression is most abundant in the second instar, overwintering stage. However, low level RNA and protein expression was also found in the sixth instar larvae, a summer stage. In situ hybridization further confirmed the presence of AFP mRNA in sixth instar midgut tissues. Sequencing of cDNAs corresponding to "summer-expressed" transcripts revealed an isoform that was not apparent in a cDNA library made to second instar larvae. Although similar to AFP cDNAs obtained from overwintering larvae, this AFP-like isoform (CfAFP6) has two Cys substitutions. Since AFPs from this species fold into a beta-helix that is stabilized by disulfide bonds, it was of interest to determine if this summer-expressed isoform had AFP activity. No thermal hysteresis activity was found when CfAFP6 was cloned and expressed in E. coli, even after in vitro denaturation and refolding. As well, there was no activity detected when the sequence of a known, active isoform was changed to mimic the Cys substitutions in CfAFP6. Since CfAFP6 does not appear to contribute to freeze resistance, its apparent absence in the overwintering second instar should not in itself be considered curious.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wensheng Qin
- Department of Biology, Queen's University, Kingston, Ont., Canada K7L 3N6
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