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Davis RI, Jones LM, Pease B, Perkins SL, Vala HR, Kokoa P, Apa M, Dale CJ. Plant Virus and Virus-like Disease Threats to Australia's North Targeted by the Northern Australia Quarantine Strategy. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10102175. [PMID: 34685987 PMCID: PMC8537380 DOI: 10.3390/plants10102175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The Northern Australia Quarantine Strategy (NAQS) is a biosecurity initiative operated by the Australian federal government’s Department of Agriculture, Water and the Environment (DAWE). It is unique worldwide because it deals specifically with the potential arrival via unregulated pathways of exotic threats from overseas in a vast and sparsely populated region. It aims to protect the nation’s animal- and plant-based production industries, as well as the environment, from incursions of organisms from countries that lie immediately to the north. These are diseases, pests, and weeds present in these countries that are currently either absent from, or under active containment in, Australia and may arrive by natural or human-assisted means. This review article focuses on the plant viruses and virus-like diseases that are most highly targeted by the NAQS program. It presents eight pathogen species/group entries in the NAQS A list of target pathogens, providing an overview of the historical and current situation, and collates some new data obtained from surveillance activities conducted in northern Australia and collaborative work overseas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard I. Davis
- Northern Australia Quarantine Strategy, Department of Agriculture Water and Environment, GPO Box 858, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia; (L.M.J.); (B.P.); (S.L.P.); (H.R.V.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Lynne M. Jones
- Northern Australia Quarantine Strategy, Department of Agriculture Water and Environment, GPO Box 858, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia; (L.M.J.); (B.P.); (S.L.P.); (H.R.V.)
| | - Bradley Pease
- Northern Australia Quarantine Strategy, Department of Agriculture Water and Environment, GPO Box 858, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia; (L.M.J.); (B.P.); (S.L.P.); (H.R.V.)
| | - Sandy L. Perkins
- Northern Australia Quarantine Strategy, Department of Agriculture Water and Environment, GPO Box 858, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia; (L.M.J.); (B.P.); (S.L.P.); (H.R.V.)
| | - Harshitsinh R. Vala
- Northern Australia Quarantine Strategy, Department of Agriculture Water and Environment, GPO Box 858, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia; (L.M.J.); (B.P.); (S.L.P.); (H.R.V.)
| | - Pere Kokoa
- National Agriculture Quarantine and Inspection Authority (NAQIA), P.O. Box 741, Port Moresby 121, Papua New Guinea; (P.K.); (M.A.)
| | - Marilyn Apa
- National Agriculture Quarantine and Inspection Authority (NAQIA), P.O. Box 741, Port Moresby 121, Papua New Guinea; (P.K.); (M.A.)
| | - Christopher J. Dale
- International Plant Health Surveillance Program, Department of Agriculture Water and Environment, GPO Box 858, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia;
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Yadav S, Stow AJ, Harris RMB, Dudaniec RY. Morphological Variation Tracks Environmental Gradients in an Agricultural Pest, Phaulacridium vittatum (Orthoptera: Acrididae). JOURNAL OF INSECT SCIENCE (ONLINE) 2018; 18:5228718. [PMID: 30508202 PMCID: PMC6276836 DOI: 10.1093/jisesa/iey121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2018] [Indexed: 04/30/2023]
Abstract
Invertebrate pests often show high morphological variation and wide environmental tolerances. Knowledge of how phenotypic variation is associated with environmental heterogeneity can elucidate the processes underpinning these patterns. Here we examine morphological variation and relative abundance along environmental gradients in a widespread agricultural pest, native to Australia, the wingless grasshopper Phaulacridium vittatum (Sjöstedt). We test for correlations between body size, wing presence, and stripe polymorphism with environmental variables. Using multiple regression and mixed-effects modeling, body size and stripe polymorphism were positively associated with solar radiation, and wing presence was positively associated with foliage projective cover (FPC). There were no associations between body size or morphological traits with relative abundance. However, relative abundance was positively associated with latitude, soil moisture, and wind speed, but was negatively associated with FPC. Therefore, sites with low relative abundance and high forest cover were more likely to contain winged individuals. Overall, our results suggest that environmental and climatic conditions strongly influence the relative abundance and the distribution of morphotypes in P. vittatum, which is likely to affect dispersal and fitness in different landscapes. This knowledge is useful for informing how environmental change might influence the future spread and impact of this agricultural pest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonu Yadav
- Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
- Corresponding author, e-mail:
| | - Adam J Stow
- Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
| | - Rebecca M B Harris
- Antarctic Climate and Ecosystems Cooperative Research Centre, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - Rachael Y Dudaniec
- Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
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Song ZS, Webb MD, Liang AP. Phylogenetic analysis of the Oriental genera of Orthopagini Emeljanov, 1983 (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha: Dictyopharidae: Dictyopharinae), with a systematic revision of the genus CentromeriaStål, 1870. Zool J Linn Soc 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/zoj.12401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Shun Song
- Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution; Institute of Zoology; Chinese Academy of Sciences; No. 1 Beichen West Road Chaoyang District Beijing 100101 China
| | - Michael D. Webb
- Department of Entomology; Natural History Museum; Cromwell Road South Kensington London UK
| | - Ai-Ping Liang
- Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution; Institute of Zoology; Chinese Academy of Sciences; No. 1 Beichen West Road Chaoyang District Beijing 100101 China
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Blacket MJ, Rice AD, Semeraro L, Malipatil MB. DNA-based identifications reveal multiple introductions of the vegetable leafminer Liriomyza sativae (Diptera: Agromyzidae) into the Torres Strait Islands and Papua New Guinea. BULLETIN OF ENTOMOLOGICAL RESEARCH 2015; 105:533-544. [PMID: 25991411 DOI: 10.1017/s0007485315000383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Leafmining flies (Diptera: Agromyzidae) can be serious economic pests of horticultural crops. Some genera such as Liriomyza are particularly problematic with numerous species, some of which are highly polyphagous (wide host range), which can only be confidently identified morphologically from adult males. In our study, DNA barcoding was employed to establish new locality records of the vegetable leafminer fly, Liriomyza sativae, from the islands of Torres Strait (Queensland, Australia) and the central highlands of Papua New Guinea (PNG). These records represent significant range extensions of this highly invasive plant pest. Specimens of immature leafminers (from leaf mines) were collected over a 5-year period during routine plant health surveys in ethanol or on FTA® filter paper cards, both methods proved effective at preserving and transporting insect DNA under tropical conditions, with FTA cards possessing some additional logistical benefits. Specimens were identified through sequencing two sections of the cytochrome oxidase I gene and the utility of each was assessed for the identification of species and intra-specific genetic lineages. Our study indicates that multiple haplotypes of L. sativae occur in PNG, while a different haplotype is present in the Torres Strait, with genetic regionalization between these areas apart from a single possible instance - one haplotype 'S.7' appears to be common between these two regions - interestingly this has also been the most common haplotype detected in previous studies of invasive L. sativae populations. The DNA barcoding methods employed here not only identified multiple introductions of L. sativae, but also appear generally applicable to the identification of other agromyzid leafminers (Phytomyzinae and Agromyzinae) and should decrease the likelihood of potentially co-amplifying internal hymenopteran parasitoids. Currently, L. sativae is still not recorded from the Australian mainland; however, further sampling of leafminer flies from Northern Australia and surrounding areas is required, as surveillance for possible Liriomyza incursions, as well as to characterize endemic species with which Liriomyza species might be confused.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J Blacket
- Department of Economic Development (DEDJTR),Biosciences Research Division (BRD),AgriBio,Centre for AgriBioscience,Bundoora,Victoria 3083,Australia
| | - A D Rice
- Department of Agriculture,Northern Australian Quarantine Strategy (NAQS),Cairns,Queensland 4870,Australia
| | - L Semeraro
- Department of Economic Development (DEDJTR),Biosciences Research Division (BRD),AgriBio,Centre for AgriBioscience,Bundoora,Victoria 3083,Australia
| | - M B Malipatil
- Department of Economic Development (DEDJTR),Biosciences Research Division (BRD),AgriBio,Centre for AgriBioscience,Bundoora,Victoria 3083,Australia
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Lander TA, Klein EK, Oddou-Muratorio S, Candau JN, Gidoin C, Chalon A, Roig A, Fallour D, Auger-Rozenberg MA, Boivin T. Reconstruction of a windborne insect invasion using a particle dispersal model, historical wind data, and Bayesian analysis of genetic data. Ecol Evol 2014; 4:4609-25. [PMID: 25558356 PMCID: PMC4278814 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.1206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2014] [Revised: 07/28/2014] [Accepted: 07/31/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding how invasive species establish and spread is vital for developing effective management strategies for invaded areas and identifying new areas where the risk of invasion is highest. We investigated the explanatory power of dispersal histories reconstructed based on local-scale wind data and a regional-scale wind-dispersed particle trajectory model for the invasive seed chalcid wasp Megastigmus schimitscheki (Hymenoptera: Torymidae) in France. The explanatory power was tested by: (1) survival analysis of empirical data on M. schimitscheki presence, absence and year of arrival at 52 stands of the wasp's obligate hosts, Cedrus (true cedar trees); and (2) Approximate Bayesian analysis of M. schimitscheki genetic data using a coalescence model. The Bayesian demographic modeling and traditional population genetic analysis suggested that initial invasion across the range was the result of long-distance dispersal from the longest established sites. The survival analyses of the windborne expansion patterns derived from a particle dispersal model indicated that there was an informative correlation between the M. schimitscheki presence/absence data from the annual surveys and the scenarios based on regional-scale wind data. These three very different analyses produced highly congruent results supporting our proposal that wind is the most probable vector for passive long-distance dispersal of this invasive seed wasp. This result confirms that long-distance dispersal from introduction areas is a likely driver of secondary expansion of alien invasive species. Based on our results, management programs for this and other windborne invasive species may consider (1) focusing effort at the longest established sites and (2) monitoring outlying populations remains critically important due to their influence on rates of spread. We also suggest that there is a distinct need for new analysis methods that have the capacity to combine empirical spatiotemporal field data, genetic data, and environmental data to investigate dispersal and invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tonya A Lander
- INRA, UR629 Ecologie des Forêts Méditerranéennes F-84914, Avignon, France
| | - Etienne K Klein
- INRA, UR546 Unité de Biostatistique et Processus Spatiaux F-84914, Avignon, France
| | | | - Jean-Noël Candau
- INRA, UR629 Ecologie des Forêts Méditerranéennes F-84914, Avignon, France ; National Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Service, Great Lakes Forestry Ctr Sault Ste Marie, Ontario, P6A 2E5, Canada
| | - Cindy Gidoin
- INRA, UR629 Ecologie des Forêts Méditerranéennes F-84914, Avignon, France
| | - Alain Chalon
- INRA, UR629 Ecologie des Forêts Méditerranéennes F-84914, Avignon, France
| | - Anne Roig
- INRA, UR629 Ecologie des Forêts Méditerranéennes F-84914, Avignon, France
| | - Delphine Fallour
- INRA, UR629 Ecologie des Forêts Méditerranéennes F-84914, Avignon, France
| | | | - Thomas Boivin
- INRA, UR629 Ecologie des Forêts Méditerranéennes F-84914, Avignon, France
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Anderson KL, Congdon BC. Population genetics suggest that multiple invasion processes need to be addressed in the management plan of a plant disease vector. Evol Appl 2013; 6:660-72. [PMID: 23789032 PMCID: PMC3684746 DOI: 10.1111/eva.12051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2012] [Revised: 01/03/2013] [Accepted: 01/07/2013] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of a multidisciplinary approach is becoming increasingly important when developing management strategies that mitigate the economic and biological costs associated with invasive pests. A framework of simulated dispersal is combined with life-history information and analyses of population genetic structure to investigate the invasion dynamics of a plant disease vector, the island sugarcane planthopper (Eumetopina flavipes), through an archipelago of significant Australian quarantine concern. Analysis of eight microsatellite loci from 648 individuals suggests that frequent, wind-assisted immigration from multiple sources in Papua New Guinea contributes significantly to repeated colonization of far northern islands. However, intermittent wind-assisted immigration better explains patterns of genetic diversity and structure in the southern islands and on the tip of mainland Australia. Significant population structuring associated with the presence of clusters of highly related individuals results from breeding in-situ following colonization, with little postestablishment movement. Results also suggest that less important secondary movements occur between islands; these appear to be human mediated and restricted by quarantine zones. Control of the planthopper may be very difficult on islands close to Papua New Guinea given the apparent propensity for multiple invasion, but may be achievable further south where local populations appear highly independent and isolated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kylie L Anderson
- School of Marine and Tropical Biology, James Cook University Cairns, Queensland, Australia
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Eagles D, Deveson T, Walker PJ, Zalucki MP, Durr P. Evaluation of long-distance dispersal of Culicoides midges into northern Australia using a migration model. MEDICAL AND VETERINARY ENTOMOLOGY 2012; 26:334-340. [PMID: 22211884 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2915.2011.01005.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The introduction of novel bluetongue serotypes and genotypes into northern Australia is considered possible via the long-distance windborne dispersal of Culicoides (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) vectors from Southeast Asia. Initial findings from simulation modelling of potential dispersal over a 15-year period revealed that the greatest risk for incursion of windborne Culicoides from the island of Timor into northern Australia occurs during December-March. The regions at greatest risk for incursion include the top end of the Northern Territory and the Kimberley region in Western Australia, but there is potential for more widespread dispersal into northern Australia based on Timor as the putative source. The establishment of a more pathogenic strain of the virus, or of a novel Culicoides vector introduced by such inter-continental dispersal events, could dramatically alter Australia's current bluetongue disease status.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Eagles
- CSIRO-Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization Livestock Industries, Australian Animal Health Laboratory, Geelong, Vic, Australia.
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