1
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Scotti I, Lalagüe H, Oddou-Muratorio S, Scotti-Saintagne C, Ruiz Daniels R, Grivet D, Lefevre F, Cubry P, Fady B, González-Martínez SC, Roig A, Lesur-Kupin I, Bagnoli F, Guerin V, Plomion C, Rozenberg P, Vendramin GG. Common microgeographical selection patterns revealed in four European conifers. Mol Ecol 2023; 32:393-411. [PMID: 36301304 DOI: 10.1111/mec.16750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Microgeographical adaptation occurs when the effects of directional selection persist despite gene flow. Traits and genetic loci under selection can then show adaptive divergence, against the backdrop of little differentiation at other traits or loci. How common such events are and how strong the selection is that underlies them remain open questions. Here, we discovered and analysed microgeographical patterns of genomic divergence in four European and Mediterranean conifers with widely differing life-history traits and ecological requirements (Abies alba MIll., Cedrus atlantica [Endl.] Manetti, Pinus halepensis Mill. and Pinus pinaster Aiton) by screening pairs from geographically close forest stands sampled along steep ecological gradients. We inferred patterns of genomic divergence by applying a combination of divergence outlier detection methods, demographic modelling, Approximate Bayesian Computation inferences and genomic annotation to genomic data. Surprisingly for such small geographical scales, we showed that selection is strong in all species but generally affects different loci in each. A clear signature of selection was systematically detected on a fraction of the genome, of the order of 0.1%-1% of the loci depending on the species. The novel modelling method we designed for estimating selection coefficients showed that the microgeographical selection coefficient scaled by population size (Ns) was 2-30. Our results convincingly suggest that selection maintains within-population diversity at microgeographical scales in spatially heterogeneous environments. Such genetic diversity is likely to be a major reservoir of adaptive potential, helping populations to adapt under fluctuating environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hadrien Lalagüe
- UMR EcoFoG, AgroParisTech, CIRAD, CNRS, INRAE, Université des Antilles, Université de Guyane, Campus Agronomique, Kourou, France
| | | | | | - Rose Ruiz Daniels
- The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, The University of Edinburgh, Midlothian, UK
| | | | | | - Philippe Cubry
- DIADE, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, IRD, Montpellier, France
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2
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3
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Monnet AC, Cilleros K, Médail F, Albassatneh MC, Arroyo J, Bacchetta G, Bagnoli F, Barina Z, Cartereau M, Casajus N, Dimopoulos P, Domina G, Doxa A, Escudero M, Fady B, Hampe A, Matevski V, Misfud S, Nikolic T, Pavon D, Roig A, Barea ES, Spanu I, Strid A, Vendramin GG, Leriche A. WOODIV, a database of occurrences, functional traits, and phylogenetic data for all Euro-Mediterranean trees. Sci Data 2021; 8:89. [PMID: 33758194 PMCID: PMC7988049 DOI: 10.1038/s41597-021-00873-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Trees play a key role in the structure and function of many ecosystems worldwide. In the Mediterranean Basin, forests cover approximately 22% of the total land area hosting a large number of endemics (46 species). Despite its particularities and vulnerability, the biodiversity of Mediterranean trees is not well known at the taxonomic, spatial, functional, and genetic levels required for conservation applications. The WOODIV database fills this gap by providing reliable occurrences, four functional traits (plant height, seed mass, wood density, and specific leaf area), and sequences from three DNA-regions (rbcL, matK, and trnH-psbA), together with modelled occurrences and a phylogeny for all 210 Euro-Mediterranean tree species. We compiled, homogenized, and verified occurrence data from sparse datasets and collated them on an INSPIRE-compliant 10 × 10 km grid. We also gathered functional trait and genetic data, filling existing gaps where possible. The WOODIV database can benefit macroecological studies in the fields of conservation, biogeography, and community ecology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Christine Monnet
- Aix Marseille Univ, Avignon Univ, CNRS, IRD, IMBE. Technopôle de l'Arbois-Méditerranée, cedex 4, BP 80, 13 545, Aix-en-Provence, France.
| | - Kévin Cilleros
- Aix Marseille Univ, Avignon Univ, CNRS, IRD, IMBE. Technopôle de l'Arbois-Méditerranée, cedex 4, BP 80, 13 545, Aix-en-Provence, France
| | - Frédéric Médail
- Aix Marseille Univ, Avignon Univ, CNRS, IRD, IMBE. Technopôle de l'Arbois-Méditerranée, cedex 4, BP 80, 13 545, Aix-en-Provence, France
| | - Marwan Cheikh Albassatneh
- Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN), CNRS, Sorbonne Université, EPHE, Université des Antilles, Paris, France
| | - Juan Arroyo
- Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
| | - Gianluigi Bacchetta
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Viale Sant'Ignazio da Laconi 13, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Francesca Bagnoli
- National Research Council, Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, (FI), Italy
| | - Zoltán Barina
- Department of Botany, Hungarian Natural History Museum, Pf. 137, Budapest, 1431, Hungary
| | - Manuel Cartereau
- Aix Marseille Univ, Avignon Univ, CNRS, IRD, IMBE. Technopôle de l'Arbois-Méditerranée, cedex 4, BP 80, 13 545, Aix-en-Provence, France
| | - Nicolas Casajus
- FRB-CESAB, 5 rue de l'Ecole de Médecine, 34000, Montpellier, France
| | - Panayotis Dimopoulos
- Department of Biology, Laboratory of Botany, University of Patras, 26504, Patras, Greece
| | - Gianniantonio Domina
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Forest Sciences, University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze bldg. 4, 90128, Palermo, Italy
| | - Aggeliki Doxa
- Aix Marseille Univ, Avignon Univ, CNRS, IRD, IMBE. Technopôle de l'Arbois-Méditerranée, cedex 4, BP 80, 13 545, Aix-en-Provence, France
- Statistical Learning Lab, Institute of Applied and Computational Mathematics, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas (FORTH), Ν. Plastira 100, Vassilika Vouton, GR - 700 13, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Marcial Escudero
- Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
| | - Bruno Fady
- INRAE, UR629, Ecologie des forêts méditerranéennes, Avignon, France
| | - Arndt Hampe
- INRAE, Univ. Bordeaux, BIOGECO, F-33610, Cestas, France
| | - Vlado Matevski
- Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Krste Misirkov 2, 1000, Skopje, Republic of Macedonia
| | - Stephen Misfud
- EcoGozo, Regional Development Directorate - Ministry for Gozo, Flat 6, Sunset Court B, Triq Marsalforn, Xaghra, Gozo, Malta
| | - Toni Nikolic
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Daniel Pavon
- Aix Marseille Univ, Avignon Univ, CNRS, IRD, IMBE. Technopôle de l'Arbois-Méditerranée, cedex 4, BP 80, 13 545, Aix-en-Provence, France
| | - Anne Roig
- INRAE, UR629, Ecologie des forêts méditerranéennes, Avignon, France
| | | | - Ilaria Spanu
- National Research Council, Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, (FI), Italy
| | | | | | - Agathe Leriche
- Aix Marseille Univ, Avignon Univ, CNRS, IRD, IMBE. Technopôle de l'Arbois-Méditerranée, cedex 4, BP 80, 13 545, Aix-en-Provence, France.
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4
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Lander TA, Klein EK, Roig A, Oddou-Muratorio S. Weak founder effects but significant spatial genetic imprint of recent contraction and expansion of European beech populations. Heredity (Edinb) 2021; 126:491-504. [PMID: 33230286 PMCID: PMC8027192 DOI: 10.1038/s41437-020-00387-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2020] [Revised: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding the ecological and evolutionary processes occurring during species range shifts is important in the current context of global change. Here, we investigate the interplay between recent expansion, gene flow and genetic drift, and their consequences for genetic diversity and structure at landscape and local scales in European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) On Mont Ventoux, South-Eastern France, we located beech forest refugia at the time of the most recent population minimum, ~150 years ago, and sampled 71 populations (2042 trees) in both refugia and expanding populations over an area of 15,000 ha. We inferred patterns of gene flow and genetic structure using 12 microsatellite markers. We identified six plots as originating from planting, rather than natural establishment, mostly from local genetic material. Comparing genetic diversity and structure in refugia versus recent populations did not support the existence of founder effects: heterozygosity (He = 0.667) and allelic richness (Ar = 4.298) were similar, and FST was low (0.031 overall). Still, significant spatial evidence of colonization was detected, with He increasing along the expansion front, while genetic differentiation from the entire pool (βWT) decreased. Isolation by distance was found in refugia but not in recently expanding populations. Our study indicates that beech capacities for colonization and gene flow were sufficient to preserve genetic diversity despite recent forest contraction and expansion. Because beech has long distance pollen and seed dispersal, these results illustrate a 'best case scenario' for the maintenance of high genetic diversity and adaptive potential under climate-change-related range change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tonya A Lander
- URFM, INRAE, 84 000, Avignon, France
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3RB, UK
| | | | - Anne Roig
- URFM, INRAE, 84 000, Avignon, France
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5
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Wasserman D, Apter G, Baeken C, Bailey S, Balazs J, Bec C, Bienkowski P, Bobes J, Ortiz MFB, Brunn H, Bôke Ö, Camilleri N, Carpiniello B, Chihai J, Chkonia E, Courtet P, Cozman D, David M, Dom G, Esanu A, Falkai P, Flannery W, Gasparyan K, Gerlinger G, Gorwood P, Gudmundsson O, Hanon C, Heinz A, Dos Santos MJH, Hedlund A, Ismayilov F, Ismayilov N, Isometsä ET, Izakova L, Kleinberg A, Kurimay T, Reitan SK, Lecic-Tosevski D, Lehmets A, Lindberg N, Lundblad KA, Lynch G, Maddock C, Malt UF, Martin L, Martynikhin I, Maruta NO, Matthys F, Mazaliauskiene R, Mihajlovic G, Peles AM, Miklavic V, Mohr P, Ferrandis MM, Musalek M, Neznanov N, Ostorharics-Horvath G, Pajević I, Popova A, Pregelj P, Prinsen E, Rados C, Roig A, Kuzman MR, Samochowiec J, Sartorius N, Savenko Y, Skugarevsky O, Slodecki E, Soghoyan A, Stone DS, Taylor-East R, Terauds E, Tsopelas C, Tudose C, Tyano S, Vallon P, Van der Gaag RJ, Varandas P, Vavrusova L, Voloshyn P, Wancata J, Wise J, Zemishlany Z, Öncü F, Vahip S. Compulsory admissions of patients with mental disorders: State of the art on ethical and legislative aspects in 40 European countries. Eur Psychiatry 2020; 63:e82. [PMID: 32829740 PMCID: PMC7576531 DOI: 10.1192/j.eurpsy.2020.79] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background. Compulsory admission procedures of patients with mental disorders vary between countries in Europe. The Ethics Committee of the European Psychiatric Association (EPA) launched a survey on involuntary admission procedures of patients with mental disorders in 40 countries to gather information from all National Psychiatric Associations that are members of the EPA to develop recommendations for improving involuntary admission processes and promote voluntary care. Methods. The survey focused on legislation of involuntary admissions and key actors involved in the admission procedure as well as most common reasons for involuntary admissions. Results. We analyzed the survey categorical data in themes, which highlight that both medical and legal actors are involved in involuntary admission procedures. Conclusions. We conclude that legal reasons for compulsory admission should be reworded in order to remove stigmatization of the patient, that raising awareness about involuntary admission procedures and patient rights with both patients and family advocacy groups is paramount, that communication about procedures should be widely available in lay-language for the general population, and that training sessions and guidance should be available for legal and medical practitioners. Finally, people working in the field need to be constantly aware about the ethical challenges surrounding compulsory admissions.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Wasserman
- European Psychiatric Association, Committee on Ethical Issues, Strasbourg, France.,National Centre for Suicide Research and Prevention of Mental-Ill Health, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - G Apter
- French Federation of Psychiatry, Paris, France.,Groupe Hospitalier du Havre, Université de Rouen, Rouen, France
| | - C Baeken
- Flemish Association of Psychiatry, Kortenberg, Belgium.,Department of Psychiatry and Medical Psychiatry, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium
| | - S Bailey
- European Psychiatric Association, Committee on Ethical Issues, Strasbourg, France.,University of Central Lancashire, Preston, United Kingdom
| | - J Balazs
- Hungarian Psychiatric Association, Budapest, Hungary.,Department of Developmental and Clinical Child Psychology at the Institute Psychology Eotvos Lorand University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - C Bec
- National Centre for Suicide Research and Prevention of Mental-Ill Health, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - P Bienkowski
- Polish Psychiatric Association, Warsaw, Poland.,Department of Psychiatry, Warsaw Medical University, Warsaw, Poland
| | - J Bobes
- Spanish Society of Psychiatry, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
| | - M F Bravo Ortiz
- Association of Psychiatrists of Spanish Association of Neuropsychiatry, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Psychiatry, Clinical Psychology and Mental Health, La Paz University Hospital, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - H Brunn
- European Psychiatric Association, Committee on Ethical Issues, Strasbourg, France.,Danish Psychiatric Association, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Institute of regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Ö Bôke
- Psychiatric Association of Turkey, Ankara, Turkey.,Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi, Samsun, Turkey
| | - N Camilleri
- Maltese Association of Psychiatry, Attard, Malta.,University of Malta, Msida, Malta
| | - B Carpiniello
- European Psychiatric Association Council of National Psychiatric Associations, Strasbourg, France.,Italian Psychiatric Association, Roma, Italy.,Department of Public Health, Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Università degli studi di Cagliari, Sardinia, Italy
| | - J Chihai
- Society of Psychiatrists, Narcologists, Psychotherapists, and Clinical Psychologists from the Republic of Moldova, Chișinău, Moldova.,Department of State Medical and Pharmaceutical University "Nicolae Testemitanu", Chișinău, Republic of Moldova
| | - E Chkonia
- Society of Georgian Psychiatrists, Tbilisi, Georgia.,Department of Psychiatry, Tbilisi State Medical University, Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - P Courtet
- French Congress of Psychiatry, Paris, France.,University of Montpellier, CHRU Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,Department of Emergency Psychiatry and Acute Care, Lapeyronie Hospital, Montpellier, France
| | - D Cozman
- Romanian Association of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Bucharest, Romania.,Medical Psychology Department, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-NapocaRomania
| | - M David
- French Federation of Psychiatry, Paris, France.,Fondation Bon Sauveur, Bégard, France
| | - G Dom
- Belgium Professional Association of Medical Specialists in Psychiatry, Brussel, Belgium.,Department of Psychiatry, Antwerp University (UA), Antwerpen, Belgium
| | - A Esanu
- Society of Psychiatrists, Narcologists, Psychotherapists, and Clinical Psychologists from the Republic of Moldova, Chișinău, Moldova.,Department of Psychiatry, Narcology and Medical Psychology, State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Chișinău, Republic of Moldova
| | - P Falkai
- German Association for Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Berlin, Germany.,Clinic for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - W Flannery
- College of Psychiatrists of Ireland, Dublin, Ireland.,Department of Adult Psychiatry, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - K Gasparyan
- Armenian Psychiatric Association, Yerevan, Armenia.,Medical Psychology Department, Yerevan State Mkhitar Herats Medical University, Yerevan, Armenia
| | - G Gerlinger
- German Association for Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Berlin, Germany
| | - P Gorwood
- French Congress of Psychiatry, Paris, France.,Institute of Psychiatry and Neuroscience of Paris (IPNP), University of ParisParis, France
| | - O Gudmundsson
- Icelandic Psychiatric Association, Kopavogur, Iceland.,Psychiatric Department, Landspitali, University Hospital of Iceland, Reykjavík, Iceland
| | - C Hanon
- European Psychiatric Association, Committee on Ethical Issues, Strasbourg, France.,Regional Resource Center of old age Psychiatry, AP-HP Centre - Université de Paris, Corentin-Celton Hospital, Paris, France
| | - A Heinz
- German Association for Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Berlin, Germany.,Clinic for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - M J Heitor Dos Santos
- Portuguese Society of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Lisbon, Portugal.,Institute of Environmental Health (ISAMB) of the Faculty of Medicine of the University of Lisbon (FMUL), Lisbon, Portugal
| | - A Hedlund
- Swedish Psychiatry Association, Sundsvall, Sweden.,North Stockholm Psychiatry, Stockholm County Medical Area (SLSO), Stockholm, Sweden
| | - F Ismayilov
- Azerbaijan Psychiatric Association, Baku, Azerbaijan.,National Mental Health Centre, Baku, Azerbaijan
| | - N Ismayilov
- Azerbaijan Psychiatric Association, Baku, Azerbaijan.,Department of Psychiatry, Azerbaijan Medical University, Baku, Azerbaijan
| | - E T Isometsä
- Finnish Psychiatric Association, Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - L Izakova
- Slovak Psychiatric Association, Bratislava, Slovakia.,Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine Comenius University and University Hospital, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - A Kleinberg
- Estonian Psychiatric Association, Tartu, Estonia.,Children Mental Health Centre of Tallinn Children Hospital, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - T Kurimay
- European Psychiatric Association Council of National Psychiatric Associations, Strasbourg, France.,Department of Psychiatry and Psychiatric Rehabilitation, Teaching Department of Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - S Klæbo Reitan
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychiatric Rehabilitation, Teaching Department of Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.,Norwegian Psychiatric Association, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norweigan University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - D Lecic-Tosevski
- Serbian Psychiatric Association, Belgrade, Serbia.,Psychiatric Association of Eastern Europe and the Balkans, Athens, Greece.,Department of Medical Sciences, Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - A Lehmets
- Estonian Psychiatric Association, Tartu, Estonia.,Psychiatric Centre of the Tallinn West Central Hospital, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - N Lindberg
- Finnish Psychiatric Association, Helsinki, Finland.,Forensic Psychiatry, Helsinki University and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinski, Finland
| | - K A Lundblad
- Swedish Psychiatry Association, Sundsvall, Sweden.,Adult Psychiatry, Stockholm County Medical Area (SLSO), Stockholm, Sweden
| | - G Lynch
- Royal College of Psychiatrists, London, United Kingdom
| | - C Maddock
- Royal College of Psychiatrists, London, United Kingdom
| | - U F Malt
- Norwegian Psychiatric Association, Oslo, Norway.,Faculty of Medicine, Psychiatry and Psychosomatic Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - L Martin
- College of Psychiatrists of Ireland, Dublin, Ireland.,St Loman's Hospital, Mullingar, Ireland
| | - I Martynikhin
- Russian Society of Psychiatrists, Moscow, Russian Federation.,First Pavlov State Medical University of St Petersburg, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - N O Maruta
- Association of Neurologists, Psychiatrists and Narcologists of Ukraine, Kharkiv, Ukraine.,Institute of Neurology, Psychiatry and Narcology of the NAMS of Ukraine State Insitution, Kharkiv, Ukraine
| | - F Matthys
- Flemish Association of Psychiatry, Kortenberg, Belgium.,Department of Psychiatry, Universitair Ziekenhuis, Brussel, Belgium
| | - R Mazaliauskiene
- Lithuanian Psychiatric Association, Vilnius, Lithuania.,Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Psychiatric Clinic, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - G Mihajlovic
- Serbian Psychiatric Association, Belgrade, Serbia.,Clinic for Psychiatry, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - A Mihaljevic Peles
- Croatian Psychiatric Association, Zagreb, Croatia.,Zagreb School of Medicine and Zagreb University Hospital Centre, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - V Miklavic
- Slovenian Psychiatric Association, Ljubljana, Slovenia.,Ljubljana University Medical Centre, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - P Mohr
- Czech Psychiatric Association, Prague, Czech Republic.,Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - M Munarriz Ferrandis
- Association of Psychiatrists of Spanish Association of Neuropsychiatry, Madrid, Spain
| | - M Musalek
- European Psychiatric Association, Committee on Ethical Issues, Strasbourg, France.,Institute for Social Aesthetics and Mental Health, Vienna, Austria.,Sigmund Freud University, Vienna, Austria
| | - N Neznanov
- Russian Society of Psychiatrists, Moscow, Russian Federation.,St. Petersburg V.M. Bekhterev Psychoneurological Research Institute, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | | | - I Pajević
- Psychiatric Association of Bosnia-Herzegovina, Tuzla, Bosnia and Herzegovina.,Department of Psychiatry, University Clinical Center Tuzla, Tuzla, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - A Popova
- European Psychiatric Association, Committee on Ethical Issues, Strasbourg, France.,College Private Psychiatry of Bulgaria, Sofia, Bulgaria.,Nikola Shipkovenski Mental Health Centre, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - P Pregelj
- Slovenian Psychiatric Association, Ljubljana, Slovenia.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - E Prinsen
- Netherlands Psychiatric Association, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - C Rados
- Austrian Society for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Vienna, Austria.,Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Villach State Hospital, Villach, Austria
| | - A Roig
- Association of Psychiatrists of Spanish Association of Neuropsychiatry, Madrid, Spain.,Mental Health Centre, Horta-Guinardó, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M Rojnic Kuzman
- Croatian Psychiatric Association, Zagreb, Croatia.,Zagreb School of Medicine and Zagreb University Hospital Centre, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - J Samochowiec
- Polish Psychiatric Association, Warsaw, Poland.,European Psychiatric Association Council of National Psychiatric Associations, Strasbourg, France.,Department of Psychiatry Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - N Sartorius
- European Psychiatric Association, Committee on Ethical Issues, Strasbourg, France.,Association for the Improvement of Mental Health Programmes (AMH), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Y Savenko
- Independent Psychiatric Association of Russia, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - O Skugarevsky
- Belarusian Psychiatric Association, Minsk, Belarus.,Psychiatry and Medical Psychology Department, Belarusian State Medical University, Minsk, Belarus
| | - E Slodecki
- Royal College of Psychiatrists, London, United Kingdom
| | - A Soghoyan
- Armenian Psychiatric Association, Yerevan, Armenia.,Center of Psychosocial Recovery, Yerevan State Medical University, Yerevan, Armenia
| | - D S Stone
- National Centre for Suicide Research and Prevention of Mental-Ill Health, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - R Taylor-East
- Maltese Association of Psychiatry, Attard, Malta.,University of Malta, Msida, Malta
| | - E Terauds
- Latvian Psychiatric Association, Riga, Latvia.,Department of Psychiatry and Narcology, Rīga Stradiņš University, Riga, Latvia
| | - C Tsopelas
- Psychiatric Association of Eastern Europe and the Balkans, Athens, Greece.,Department of Psychiatry, Psychiatric Hospital of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - C Tudose
- Romanian Association of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Bucharest, Romania.,Department of Psychiatry "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
| | - S Tyano
- European Psychiatric Association, Committee on Ethical Issues, Strasbourg, France
| | - P Vallon
- Swiss Society of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Bern, Switzerland
| | - R J Van der Gaag
- European Psychiatric Association, Committee on Ethical Issues, Strasbourg, France.,Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy Stradina Department, University of Riga, Riga, Latvia
| | - P Varandas
- Portuguese Society of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Lisbon, Portugal.,Casa de Saúde da Idanha and San José Psychiatric Clinic Instituto das Irmãs Hospitaleiras do Sagrado Coração de Jesus, Belas, Portugal
| | - L Vavrusova
- European Psychiatric Association, Committee on Ethical Issues, Strasbourg, France.,Slovak Psychiatric Association, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - P Voloshyn
- Association of Neurologists, Psychiatrists and Narcologists of Ukraine, Kharkiv, Ukraine.,Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery of Kharkiv Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education, Kharkiv, Ukraine
| | - J Wancata
- Austrian Society for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Vienna, Austria.,Clinical Division of Social Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - J Wise
- European Psychiatric Association, Committee on Ethical Issues, Strasbourg, France.,CNWL NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Z Zemishlany
- Israel Psychiatric Association, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - F Öncü
- Psychiatric Association of Turkey, Ankara, Turkey.,Forensic Psychiatry Department, Bakirkoy Research and Training Hospital for Psychiatry, Neurology, and Neurosurgery, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - S Vahip
- European Psychiatric Association Council of National Psychiatric Associations, Strasbourg, France.,Department of Psychiatry, Ege University School of Medicine, Izmir, Turkey
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6
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Coral DF, Soto PA, Blank V, Veiga A, Spinelli E, Gonzalez S, Saracco GP, Bab MA, Muraca D, Setton-Avruj PC, Roig A, Roguin L, Fernández van Raap MB. Nanoclusters of crystallographically aligned nanoparticles for magnetic thermotherapy: aqueous ferrofluid, agarose phantoms and ex vivo melanoma tumour assessment. Nanoscale 2018; 10:21262-21274. [PMID: 30418464 DOI: 10.1039/c8nr07453d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic hyperthermia is an oncological therapy where magnetic nanostructures, under a radiofrequency field, act as heat transducers increasing tumour temperature and killing cancerous cells. Nanostructure heating efficiency depends both on the field conditions and on the nanostructure properties and mobility inside the tumour. Such nanostructures are often incorrectly bench-marketed in the colloidal state and using field settings far off from the recommended therapeutic values. Here, we prepared nanoclusters composed of iron oxide magnetite nanoparticles crystallographically aligned and their specific absorption rate (SAR) values were calorimetrically determined in physiological fluids, agarose-gel-phantoms and ex vivo tumours extracted from mice challenged with B16-F0 melanoma cells. A portable, multipurpose applicator using medical field settings; 100 kHz and 9.3 kA m-1, was developed and the results were fully analysed in terms of nanoclusters' structural and magnetic properties. A careful evaluation of the nanoclusters' heating capacity in the three milieus clearly indicates that the SAR values of fluid suspensions or agarose-gel-phantoms are not adequate to predict the real tissue temperature increase or the dosage needed to heat a tumour. Our results show that besides nanostructure mobility, perfusion and local thermoregulation, the nanostructure distribution inside the tumour plays a key role in effective heating. A suppression of the magnetic material effective heating efficiency appears in tumour tissue. In fact, dosage had to be increased considerably, from the SAR values predicted from fluid or agarose, to achieve the desired temperature increase. These results represent an important contribution towards the design of more efficient nanostructures and towards the clinical translation of hyperthermia.
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Affiliation(s)
- D F Coral
- Instituto de Física de La Plata (IFLP - CONICET), Departamento de Física, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP), c.c. 67, 1900 La Plata, Argentina.
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7
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Sanchez-Monedero MA, Cayuela ML, Roig A, Jindo K, Mondini C, Bolan N. Role of biochar as an additive in organic waste composting. Bioresour Technol 2018; 247:1155-1164. [PMID: 29054556 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.09.193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 185] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2017] [Revised: 09/26/2017] [Accepted: 09/28/2017] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The use of biochar in organic waste composting has attracted interest in the last decade due to the environmental and agronomical benefits obtained during the process. Biochar presents favourable physicochemical properties, such as large porosity, surface area and high cation exchange capacity, enabling interaction with major nutrient cycles and favouring microbial growth in the composting pile. The enhanced environmental conditions can promote a change in the microbial communities that can affect important microbially mediated biogeochemical cycles: organic matter degradation and humification, nitrification, denitrification and methanogenesis. The main benefits of the use of biochar in composting are reviewed in this article, with special attention to those related to the process performance, compost microbiology, organic matter degradation and humification, reduction of N losses and greenhouse gas emissions and fate of heavy metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Sanchez-Monedero
- Department of Soil and Water Conservation and Organic Waste Management, CEBAS-CSIC, Campus Universitario de Espinardo, 30100 Murcia, Spain.
| | - M L Cayuela
- Department of Soil and Water Conservation and Organic Waste Management, CEBAS-CSIC, Campus Universitario de Espinardo, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - A Roig
- Department of Soil and Water Conservation and Organic Waste Management, CEBAS-CSIC, Campus Universitario de Espinardo, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - K Jindo
- Plant Production Systems Group, Wageningen University & Research, The Netherlands
| | - C Mondini
- CREA Research Centre for Viticulture and Enology, Via Trieste 23, 34170 Gorizia, Italy
| | - N Bolan
- Global Centre for Environmental Remediation, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
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8
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Fernández van Raap MB, Coral DF, Yu S, Muñoz GA, Sánchez FH, Roig A. Anticipating hyperthermic efficiency of magnetic colloids using a semi-empirical model: a tool to help medical decisions. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 19:7176-7187. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cp08059f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Semi-empirical modeling of small nanoparticle heat dissipation helps the designing of medical decisions for clinical cancer magnetic hyperthermia.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. B. Fernández van Raap
- Instituto de Física La Plata (IFLP-CONICET)
- Departamento de Física
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas
- Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP)
- 1900 La Plata
| | - D. F. Coral
- Instituto de Física La Plata (IFLP-CONICET)
- Departamento de Física
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas
- Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP)
- 1900 La Plata
| | - S. Yu
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC)
- 08193 Bellaterra
- Spain
| | - G. A. Muñoz
- Instituto de Física La Plata (IFLP-CONICET)
- Departamento de Física
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas
- Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP)
- 1900 La Plata
| | - F. H. Sánchez
- Instituto de Física La Plata (IFLP-CONICET)
- Departamento de Física
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas
- Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP)
- 1900 La Plata
| | - A. Roig
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC)
- 08193 Bellaterra
- Spain
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9
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Hachtel JA, Yu S, Lupini AR, Pantelides ST, Gich M, Laromaine A, Roig A. Gold nanotriangles decorated with superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles: a compositional and microstructural study. Faraday Discuss 2016; 191:215-227. [DOI: 10.1039/c6fd00028b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The combination of iron oxide and gold in a single nanoparticle results in both magnetic and plasmonic properties that can stimulate novel applications in bio-sensing, medical imaging, or therapeutics. Microwave assisted heating allows the fabrication of multi-component, multi-functional nanostructures by promoting selective heating at desired sites. Recently, we reported a microwave-assisted polyol route yielding gold nanotriangles decorated with iron oxide nanoparticles. Here, we present an in-depth microstructural and compositional characterization of the system using scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) and electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS). A method to remove the iron oxide nanoparticles from the gold nanocrystals and some insights on crystal nucleation and growth mechanisms are also provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. A. Hachtel
- Department of Physics and Astronomy
- Vanderbilt University
- Nashville
- USA
- Materials Science and Technology Division
| | - S. Yu
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona
- ICMAB-CSIC
- Campus UAB
- Bellaterra
- E-08193 Spain
| | - A. R. Lupini
- Department of Physics and Astronomy
- Vanderbilt University
- Nashville
- USA
- Materials Science and Technology Division
| | - S. T. Pantelides
- Department of Physics and Astronomy
- Vanderbilt University
- Nashville
- USA
- Materials Science and Technology Division
| | - M. Gich
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona
- ICMAB-CSIC
- Campus UAB
- Bellaterra
- E-08193 Spain
| | - A. Laromaine
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona
- ICMAB-CSIC
- Campus UAB
- Bellaterra
- E-08193 Spain
| | - A. Roig
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona
- ICMAB-CSIC
- Campus UAB
- Bellaterra
- E-08193 Spain
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10
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Sánchez-García M, Alburquerque JA, Sánchez-Monedero MA, Roig A, Cayuela ML. Biochar accelerates organic matter degradation and enhances N mineralisation during composting of poultry manure without a relevant impact on gas emissions. Bioresour Technol 2015; 192:272-9. [PMID: 26038333 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2015.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 180] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2015] [Revised: 04/30/2015] [Accepted: 05/02/2015] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
A composting study was performed to assess the impact of biochar addition to a mixture of poultry manure and barley straw. Two treatments: control (78% poultry manure + 22% barley straw, dry weight) and the same mixture amended with biochar (3% dry weight), were composted in duplicated windrows during 19 weeks. Typical monitoring parameters and gaseous emissions (CO2, CO, CH4, N2O and H2S) were evaluated during the process as well as the agronomical quality of the end-products. Biochar accelerated organic matter degradation and ammonium formation during the thermophilic phase and enhanced nitrification during the maturation phase. Our results suggest that biochar, as composting additive, improved the physical properties of the mixture by preventing the formation of clumps larger than 70 mm. It favoured microbiological activity without a relevant impact on N losses and gaseous emissions. It was estimated that biochar addition at 3% could reduce the composting time by 20%.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Sánchez-García
- Department of Soil and Water Conservation and Organic Waste Management, Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura, CSIC, P.O. Box 164, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - J A Alburquerque
- Department of Soil and Water Conservation and Organic Waste Management, Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura, CSIC, P.O. Box 164, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - M A Sánchez-Monedero
- Department of Soil and Water Conservation and Organic Waste Management, Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura, CSIC, P.O. Box 164, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - A Roig
- Department of Soil and Water Conservation and Organic Waste Management, Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura, CSIC, P.O. Box 164, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - M L Cayuela
- Department of Soil and Water Conservation and Organic Waste Management, Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura, CSIC, P.O. Box 164, 30100 Murcia, Spain.
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11
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Gonzalez-Moragas L, Roig A, Laromaine A. C. elegans as a tool for in vivo nanoparticle assessment. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2015; 219:10-26. [PMID: 25772622 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2015.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2014] [Revised: 01/26/2015] [Accepted: 02/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Characterization of the in vivo behavior of nanomaterials aims to optimize their design, to determine their biological effects, and to validate their application. The characteristics of the model organism Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) advocate this 1mm long nematode as an ideal living system for the primary screening of engineered nanoparticles in a standard synthetic laboratory. This review describes some practicalities and advantages of working with C. elegans that will be of interest for chemists and materials scientists who would like to enter the "worm" community, anticipates some drawbacks, and offers relevant examples of nanoparticle assessment by using C. elegans.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Gonzalez-Moragas
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona, Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - A Roig
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona, Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - A Laromaine
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona, Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain.
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12
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Borges M, Yu S, Laromaine A, Roig A, Suárez-García S, Lorenzo J, Ruiz-Molina D, Novio F. Dual T1/T2 MRI contrast agent based on hybrid SPION@coordination polymer nanoparticles. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra17661a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel dual T1/T21H-MRI contrast agent based on the encapsulation of super-paramagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) with an iron coordination polymer is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Borges
- ICN2-CSIC – Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2)
- CSIC and The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology
- Bellaterra
- Spain
| | - S. Yu
- ICMAB-CSIC – Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona
- Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas
- 08193 Bellaterra
- Spain
| | - A. Laromaine
- ICMAB-CSIC – Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona
- Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas
- 08193 Bellaterra
- Spain
| | - A. Roig
- ICMAB-CSIC – Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona
- Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas
- 08193 Bellaterra
- Spain
| | - S. Suárez-García
- ICN2-CSIC – Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2)
- CSIC and The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology
- Bellaterra
- Spain
| | - J. Lorenzo
- IBB-UAB – Institut de Biotecnologia i de Biomedicina. Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular. Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona
- 08193 Bellaterra
- Spain
| | - D. Ruiz-Molina
- ICN2-CSIC – Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2)
- CSIC and The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology
- Bellaterra
- Spain
| | - F. Novio
- ICN2-CSIC – Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2)
- CSIC and The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology
- Bellaterra
- Spain
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13
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Carenza E, Jordan O, Martínez-San Segundo P, Jiřík R, Starčuk jr Z, Borchard G, Rosell A, Roig A. Encapsulation of VEGF165into magnetic PLGA nanocapsules for potential local delivery and bioactivity in human brain endothelial cells. J Mater Chem B 2015; 3:2538-2544. [DOI: 10.1039/c4tb01895h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
New drug delivery systems based on biodegradable magnetic nanocapsules for targeted delivery of pro-angiogenic proteins, potentially useful in therapeutic angiogenesis, are reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- E. Carenza
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona
- Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (ICMAB-CSIC)
- Campus de la UAB
- 08193 Bellaterra(Barcelona)
- Spain
| | - O. Jordan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- University of Geneva
- 1205 Genève
- Switzerland
| | - P. Martínez-San Segundo
- Neurovascular Research Laboratory and Neurovascular Unit
- Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca
- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona
- 119-129 Barcelona
- Spain
| | - R. Jiřík
- Institute of Scientific Instruments
- Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic
- 612 64 Brno
- Czech Republic
| | - Z. Starčuk jr
- Institute of Scientific Instruments
- Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic
- 612 64 Brno
- Czech Republic
| | - G. Borchard
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- University of Geneva
- 1205 Genève
- Switzerland
| | - A. Rosell
- Neurovascular Research Laboratory and Neurovascular Unit
- Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca
- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona
- 119-129 Barcelona
- Spain
| | - A. Roig
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona
- Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (ICMAB-CSIC)
- Campus de la UAB
- 08193 Bellaterra(Barcelona)
- Spain
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14
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Alburquerque JA, Sánchez-Monedero MA, Roig A, Cayuela ML. High concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (naphthalene, phenanthrene and pyrene) failed to explain biochar's capacity to reduce soil nitrous oxide emissions. Environ Pollut 2015; 196:72-77. [PMID: 25305467 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2014.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2014] [Revised: 09/05/2014] [Accepted: 09/07/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The presence of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) has been postulated as a mechanism by which biochar might mitigate N(2)O emissions. We studied whether and to what extent N(2)O emissions were influenced by the three most abundant PAHs in biochar: naphthalene, phenanthrene and pyrene. We hypothesised that biochars contaminated with PAHs would show a larger N(2)O mitigation capacity and that increasing PAH concentrations in biochar would lead to higher mitigation potentials. Our results demonstrate that the high-temperature biochar (550 °C) had a higher capacity to mitigate soil N(2)O emissions than the low-temperature biochar (350 °C). At low PAH concentrations, PAHs do not significantly contribute to the reductions in soil N(2)O emissions; while biochar stimulated soil N(2)O emissions when it was spiked with high concentrations of PAHs. This study suggests that the impact of biochar on soil N(2)O emissions is due to other compositional and/or structural properties of biochar rather than to PAH concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- J A Alburquerque
- Department of Soil and Water Conservation and Organic Waste Management, Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura, CSIC, P.O. Box 164, 30100 Murcia, Spain.
| | - M A Sánchez-Monedero
- Department of Soil and Water Conservation and Organic Waste Management, Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura, CSIC, P.O. Box 164, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - A Roig
- Department of Soil and Water Conservation and Organic Waste Management, Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura, CSIC, P.O. Box 164, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - M L Cayuela
- Department of Soil and Water Conservation and Organic Waste Management, Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura, CSIC, P.O. Box 164, 30100 Murcia, Spain
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15
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Lander TA, Klein EK, Oddou-Muratorio S, Candau JN, Gidoin C, Chalon A, Roig A, Fallour D, Auger-Rozenberg MA, Boivin T. Reconstruction of a windborne insect invasion using a particle dispersal model, historical wind data, and Bayesian analysis of genetic data. Ecol Evol 2014; 4:4609-25. [PMID: 25558356 PMCID: PMC4278814 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.1206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2014] [Revised: 07/28/2014] [Accepted: 07/31/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding how invasive species establish and spread is vital for developing effective management strategies for invaded areas and identifying new areas where the risk of invasion is highest. We investigated the explanatory power of dispersal histories reconstructed based on local-scale wind data and a regional-scale wind-dispersed particle trajectory model for the invasive seed chalcid wasp Megastigmus schimitscheki (Hymenoptera: Torymidae) in France. The explanatory power was tested by: (1) survival analysis of empirical data on M. schimitscheki presence, absence and year of arrival at 52 stands of the wasp's obligate hosts, Cedrus (true cedar trees); and (2) Approximate Bayesian analysis of M. schimitscheki genetic data using a coalescence model. The Bayesian demographic modeling and traditional population genetic analysis suggested that initial invasion across the range was the result of long-distance dispersal from the longest established sites. The survival analyses of the windborne expansion patterns derived from a particle dispersal model indicated that there was an informative correlation between the M. schimitscheki presence/absence data from the annual surveys and the scenarios based on regional-scale wind data. These three very different analyses produced highly congruent results supporting our proposal that wind is the most probable vector for passive long-distance dispersal of this invasive seed wasp. This result confirms that long-distance dispersal from introduction areas is a likely driver of secondary expansion of alien invasive species. Based on our results, management programs for this and other windborne invasive species may consider (1) focusing effort at the longest established sites and (2) monitoring outlying populations remains critically important due to their influence on rates of spread. We also suggest that there is a distinct need for new analysis methods that have the capacity to combine empirical spatiotemporal field data, genetic data, and environmental data to investigate dispersal and invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tonya A Lander
- INRA, UR629 Ecologie des Forêts Méditerranéennes F-84914, Avignon, France
| | - Etienne K Klein
- INRA, UR546 Unité de Biostatistique et Processus Spatiaux F-84914, Avignon, France
| | | | - Jean-Noël Candau
- INRA, UR629 Ecologie des Forêts Méditerranéennes F-84914, Avignon, France ; National Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Service, Great Lakes Forestry Ctr Sault Ste Marie, Ontario, P6A 2E5, Canada
| | - Cindy Gidoin
- INRA, UR629 Ecologie des Forêts Méditerranéennes F-84914, Avignon, France
| | - Alain Chalon
- INRA, UR629 Ecologie des Forêts Méditerranéennes F-84914, Avignon, France
| | - Anne Roig
- INRA, UR629 Ecologie des Forêts Méditerranéennes F-84914, Avignon, France
| | - Delphine Fallour
- INRA, UR629 Ecologie des Forêts Méditerranéennes F-84914, Avignon, France
| | | | - Thomas Boivin
- INRA, UR629 Ecologie des Forêts Méditerranéennes F-84914, Avignon, France
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16
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17
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Awad L, Fady B, Khater C, Roig A, Cheddadi R. Genetic structure and diversity of the endangered fir tree of Lebanon (Abies cilicica Carr.): implications for conservation. PLoS One 2014; 9:e90086. [PMID: 24587219 PMCID: PMC3937446 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0090086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2013] [Accepted: 01/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The threatened conifer Abies cilicica currently persists in Lebanon in geographically isolated forest patches. The impact of demographic and evolutionary processes on population genetic diversity and structure were assessed using 10 nuclear microsatellite loci. All remnant 15 local populations revealed a low genetic variation but a high recent effective population size. FST-based measures of population genetic differentiation revealed a low spatial genetic structure, but Bayesian analysis of population structure identified a significant Northeast-Southwest population structure. Populations showed significant but weak isolation-by-distance, indicating non-equilibrium conditions between dispersal and genetic drift. Bayesian assignment tests detected an asymmetric Northeast-Southwest migration involving some long-distance dispersal events. We suggest that the persistence and Northeast-Southwest geographic structure of Abies cilicica in Lebanon is the result of at least two demographic processes during its recent evolutionary history: (1) recent migration to currently marginal populations and (2) local persistence through altitudinal shifts along a mountainous topography. These results might help us better understand the mechanisms involved in the species response to expected climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara Awad
- University of Montpellier II, Institute of Evolutionary Sciences, CNRS UMR 5554, Montpellier, France
- * E-mail:
| | - Bruno Fady
- INRA, UR629, Ecologie des Forêts Méditerranéennes (URFM), Domaine St Paul, Avignon, France
| | - Carla Khater
- Center for Remote Sensing, National Council for Scientific Research-Lebanon, Bir Hassan, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Anne Roig
- INRA, UR629, Ecologie des Forêts Méditerranéennes (URFM), Domaine St Paul, Avignon, France
| | - Rachid Cheddadi
- University of Montpellier II, Institute of Evolutionary Sciences, CNRS UMR 5554, Montpellier, France
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18
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Fernández-Hernández A, García-Ortiz Civantos C, Roig A, Sánchez-Monedero M. COMPOST PREPARED WITH TWO PHASE OLIVE MILL WASTE "ALPERUJO" AS GROWING MEDIA. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.17660/actahortic.2013.1013.25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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19
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Migliore J, Baumel A, Juin M, Fady B, Roig A, Duong N, Médail F. Surviving in mountain climate refugia: new insights from the genetic diversity and structure of the relict shrub Myrtus nivellei (Myrtaceae) in the Sahara Desert. PLoS One 2013; 8:e73795. [PMID: 24058489 PMCID: PMC3776782 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0073795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2013] [Accepted: 07/23/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The identification of past glacial refugia has become a key topic for conservation under environmental change, since they contribute importantly to shaping current patterns of biodiversity. However, little attention has been paid so far to interglacial refugia despite their key role for the survival of relict species currently occurring in climate refugia. Here, we focus on the genetic consequences of range contraction on the relict populations of the evergreen shrub Myrtus nivellei, endemic in the Saharan mountains since at least the end of the last Green Sahara period, around 5.5 ka B.P. Multilocus genotypes (nuclear microsatellites and AFLP) were obtained from 215 individuals collected from 23 wadis (temporary rivers) in the three main mountain ranges in southern Algeria (the Hoggar, Tassili n'Ajjer and Tassili n'Immidir ranges). Identical genotypes were found in several plants growing far apart within the same wadis, a pattern taken as evidence of clonality. Multivariate analyses and Bayesian clustering revealed that genetic diversity was mainly structured among the mountain ranges, while low isolation by distance was observed within each mountain range. The range contraction induced by the last episode of aridification has likely increased the genetic isolation of the populations of M. nivellei, without greatly affecting the genetic diversity of the species as a whole. The pattern of genetic diversity observed here suggests that high connectivity may have prevailed during humid periods, which is consistent with recent paleoenvironmental reconstructions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jérémy Migliore
- Institut Méditerranéen de Biodiversité et d’Ecologie marine et continentale (IMBE), Aix-Marseille Université, UMR CNRS 7263/IRD 237/Avignon Université, Campus Aix - Technopôle de l’Environnement Arbois-Méditerranée, Aix-en-Provence, France
| | - Alex Baumel
- Institut Méditerranéen de Biodiversité et d’Ecologie marine et continentale (IMBE), Aix-Marseille Université, UMR CNRS 7263/IRD 237/Avignon Université, Campus Aix - Technopôle de l’Environnement Arbois-Méditerranée, Aix-en-Provence, France
| | - Marianick Juin
- Institut Méditerranéen de Biodiversité et d’Ecologie marine et continentale (IMBE), Aix-Marseille Université, UMR CNRS 7263/IRD 237/Avignon Université, Campus Aix - Technopôle de l’Environnement Arbois-Méditerranée, Aix-en-Provence, France
| | - Bruno Fady
- INRA, UR 629, Ecologie des Forêts Méditerranéennes (URFM), Site Agroparc - Domaine Saint Paul, Avignon, France
| | - Anne Roig
- INRA, UR 629, Ecologie des Forêts Méditerranéennes (URFM), Site Agroparc - Domaine Saint Paul, Avignon, France
| | - Nathalie Duong
- Institut Méditerranéen de Biodiversité et d’Ecologie marine et continentale (IMBE), Aix-Marseille Université, UMR CNRS 7263/IRD 237/Avignon Université, Campus Aix - Technopôle de l’Environnement Arbois-Méditerranée, Aix-en-Provence, France
| | - Frédéric Médail
- Institut Méditerranéen de Biodiversité et d’Ecologie marine et continentale (IMBE), Aix-Marseille Université, UMR CNRS 7263/IRD 237/Avignon Université, Campus Aix - Technopôle de l’Environnement Arbois-Méditerranée, Aix-en-Provence, France
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Rubio-Roy M, Vlasin O, Pascu O, Caicedo JM, Schmidt M, Goñi AR, Tognalli NG, Fainstein A, Roig A, Herranz G. Magneto-optical enhancement by plasmon excitations in nanoparticle/metal structures. Langmuir 2012; 28:9010-9020. [PMID: 22594822 DOI: 10.1021/la301239x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Coupling magnetic materials to plasmonic structures provides a pathway to dramatically increase the magneto-optical response of the resulting composite architecture. Although such optical enhancement has been demonstrated in a variety of systems, some basic aspects are scarcely known. In particular, reflectance/transmission modulations and electromagnetic field intensification, both triggered by plasmon excitations, can contribute to the magneto-optical enhancement. However, a quantitative evaluation of the impact of both factors on the magneto-optical response is lacking. To address this issue, we have measured magneto-optical Kerr spectra on corrugated gold/dielectric interfaces with magnetic (nickel and iron oxide) nanoparticles. We find that the magneto-optical activity is enhanced by up to an order of magnitude for wavelengths that are correlated to the excitation of propagating or localized surface plasmons. Our work sheds light on the fundamental principles for the observed optical response and demonstrates that the outstanding magneto-optical performance is originated by the increase of the polarization conversion efficiency, whereas the contribution of reflectance modulations is negligible.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Rubio-Roy
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona ICMAB-CSIC, Campus de la UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Catalonia, Spain
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Serramiá N, Roig A, Sánchez-Monedero MA. Soil mineralization of two-phase olive mill wastes: effect of the lignocellulosic composition on soil C dynamics. J Environ Monit 2011; 14:499-509. [PMID: 22159027 DOI: 10.1039/c1em10490j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The low degradation rate of two-phase olive mill wastes (TPOMW) during composting and after soil application is a characteristic feature of these materials. The aim of this work was to evaluate the relationship between the lignocellulosic fraction of TPOMW and the organic matter (OM) degradation rate in three agricultural soils amended with four TPOMW composting mixtures at different degree of stabilisation and prepared with different bulking agents and N sources. The mineralisation kinetics of TPOMW composting mixtures in soil reflected a large amount of slowly mineralisable C even in the starting mixtures (I and T1) where this fraction represented up to 85% of the total potentially mineralisable C pool. The effect of rich lignocellulosic composition was confirmed by the study of the DTS (50% dry TPOMW + 50% sheep manure) mixtures prepared with dry TPOMW, which had undergone partial degradation in a storage pond for one year before composting. These DTS samples showed a more similar kinetic behaviour in soil than the more transformed composting mixtures as reflected in the principal component analysis (PCA) diagram, where they were grouped in the same quadrant dominated by the lignin/holocellulose ratio. Soils amended with mature composts evolved very low amounts of C (between 2 and 6% of the added C) after two months of incubation, which highlights the suitability of these materials as a suitable C source for the soil to promote long term soil C stabilisation.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Serramiá
- Department of Soil and Water Conservation and Organic Waste Management, Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura, CEBAS-CSIC, PO Box 164, 30100 Murcia, Spain
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Serramiá N, Sánchez-Monedero MA, Fernández-Hernández A, Civantos CGO, Roig A. Contribution of the lignocellulosic fraction of two-phase olive-mill wastes to the degradation and humification of the organic matter during composting. Waste Manag 2010; 30:1939-1947. [PMID: 20537522 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2010.04.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2010] [Revised: 04/26/2010] [Accepted: 04/28/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
One of the main disadvantages in the composting of two-phase olive mill wastes (TPOMW) is the long time required for its transformation (up to 40 weeks). The aim of this work was to evaluate the relationship between the degradation of the lignocellulosic fraction of TPOMW and the organic matter (OM) mineralisation rate in four composting piles prepared with different bulking agents and N-sources used to enhance OM degradation. The kinetics of degradation of the lignocellulosic fraction was compared to conventional maturation and stability indices to evaluate its impact on the duration of the composting process. The composition of bulking agents mainly affected the water-soluble fraction which influenced the OM degradation rate (linear or exponential OM degradation pattern) at early stages of the composting process but it neither modified the duration of the process (between 34 and 36 weeks) nor the total OM degradation underwent by the piles. The high initial mineral N availability was a key factor to significantly enhanced microbial activity. The mixture with urea as N-source registered the most efficient degradation of hemicellulose, cellulose and lignin, reducing the thermophilic phase and the total duration of TPOMW composting.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Serramiá
- Department of Soil and Water Conservation and Organic Waste Management, Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura, CSIC, P.O. Box 164, 30100 Murcia, Spain
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Sánchez-Monedero MA, Aguilar MI, Fenoll R, Roig A. Effect of the aeration system on the levels of airborne microorganisms generated at wastewater treatment plants. Water Res 2008; 42:3739-44. [PMID: 18662822 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2008.06.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2008] [Revised: 06/19/2008] [Accepted: 06/21/2008] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Six different wastewater treatment plants were monitored in order to identify the main bioaerosol sources and to evaluate the effect of the aeration system used in the biological treatment (air diffusion, horizontal rotors and surface turbine aerators) on the airborne microorganism levels to which workers may be exposed. Air samples were collected by using a single stage impactor. Total count of mesophilic bacteria was used as the monitoring parameter to compare the impact of the aeration system on generic bacterial bioaerosols rather than a quantitative estimation for pathogens or fecal indicator microbes. In this study, pre-treatment, biological treatment and sludge thickening were the processes that generated the highest amount of bioaerosols. Aeration systems involving mechanical agitation of the wastewater, such as horizontal rotors and surface turbines, generated a larger amount of bioaerosols (between 450 and 4580CFU/m(3)) than air diffuser aerators (between 22 and 57CFU/m(3)). The levels of airborne bacteria generated by air diffusers were very similar to those registered at the background locations (lower than 50CFU/m(3)), unaffected by the activities taking place in the wastewater treatment plant. The use of air diffusers as an aeration system for the biological treatment would significantly minimise the potential biological hazard that wastewater treatment plant workers may be exposed to.
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Cayuela ML, Millner PD, Meyer SLF, Roig A. Potential of olive mill waste and compost as biobased pesticides against weeds, fungi, and nematodes. Sci Total Environ 2008; 399:11-8. [PMID: 18471866 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2008.03.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2007] [Revised: 03/24/2008] [Accepted: 03/24/2008] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
The phytotoxic and antimicrobial properties of olive mill wastes have been widely investigated and demonstrated over the past decade. However, their potential utilization as biodegradable pesticides against plant pathogens is still poorly understood. In this study, a series of laboratory bioassays was designed to test the inhibitory effects of sterile water extracts of two-phase olive mill waste (TPOMW) and TPOMW composts with different degrees of stabilization on several different plant pathogens. Fungicidal properties of TPOMW extracts, assayed in a microwell assay format, showed that the growth of Phytophthora capsici was consistently and strongly inhibited by all TPOMW extracts diluted 1:10 (w:v). In contrast, suppression of Pythium ultimum and Botrytis cinerea by the extracts was not as strong and depended on the specific TPOMW sample. Mature compost inhibited P. capsici and B. cinerea at dilutions as great as 1:50, w:v. Neither TPOMW nor TPOMW compost extracts were able to inhibit the growth of the basidiomycete root rot agent Rhizoctonia solani. In addition, studies were conducted on the allelopathic effects of TPOMW extracts on seed germination of four highly invasive and globally distributed weeds (Amaranthus retroflexus, Solanum nigrum, Chenopodium album and Sorghum halepense). Both the TPOMW and immature TPOMW compost extracts substantially inhibited germination of A. retroflexus and S. nigrum, whereas mature composts extracts only partially reduced the germination of S. nigrum. Finally, TPOMW extracts strongly inhibited egg hatch and second-stage juvenile (J2) motility of the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita. However, only higher concentrations of stage-one and stage-two TPOMW compost extracts exerted a suppressive effect on both J2 motility and on egg hatch. The study shows the high potential of naturally occurring chemicals present in TPOMW and TPOMW composts that should be further investigated as bio-pesticides for their use in sustainable agricultural systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- M L Cayuela
- Department of Soil and Water Conservation and Waste Management, CEBAS-CSIC, Campus Universitario de Espinardo, 30100 Murcia, Spain.
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Cayuela ML, Mondini C, Sánchez-Monedero MA, Roig A. Chemical properties and hydrolytic enzyme activities for the characterisation of two-phase olive mill wastes composting. Bioresour Technol 2008; 99:4255-4262. [PMID: 17950598 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2007.08.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2007] [Revised: 06/04/2007] [Accepted: 08/25/2007] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Two-phase olive mill waste (TPOMW) is a semisolid sludge generated during the extraction of olive oil by the two-phase centrifugation system. Among all the available disposal options, composting is gaining interest as a sustainable strategy to recycle TPOMW for agricultural purposes. The quality of compost for agronomical use depends on the degree of organic matter stabilization, but despite several studies on the topic, there is not a single method available which alone can give a certain indication of compost stability. In addition, information on the biological and biochemical properties, including the enzymatic activity (EA) of compost, is rare. The aim of this work was to investigate the suitability of some enzymatic activities (beta-glucosidase, arylsulphatase, acid-phosphatase, alkaline-phosphatase, urease and fluorescein diacetate hydrolysis (FDA)) as parameters to evaluate organic matter stability during the composting of TPOMW. These enzymatic indices were also compared to conventional stability indices. For this purpose two composting piles were prepared by mixing TPOMW with sheep manure and grape stalks in different proportions, with forced aeration and occasional turnings. The composting of TPOMW followed the common pattern reported previously for this kind of material with a reduction of 40-50% of organic matter, a gradual increase in pH, disappearance of phytotoxicity and formation of humic-like C. All EA increased during composting except acid-phosphatase. Significant correlations were found between EA and some important conventional stability indices indicating that EA can be a simple and reliable tool to determine the degree of stability of TPOMW composts.
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Affiliation(s)
- M L Cayuela
- Department of Soil and Water Conservation and Waste Management, CEBAS-CSIC, Campus Universitario de Espinardo, 30100 Murcia, Spain.
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Sánchez-Monedero MA, Cayuela ML, Mondini C, Serramiá N, Roig A. Potential of olive mill wastes for soil C sequestration. Waste Manag 2007; 28:767-773. [PMID: 18032015 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2007.09.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2007] [Accepted: 09/06/2007] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The present work deals with the potential of olive mill wastes as a C source for soil C sequestration strategy, which is based on the high lignocellulosic content that makes these wastes to degrade slowly during composting and after land application. A C balance was performed during the whole life cycle of two different two-phase olive mill wastes (TPOMW): C losses were calculated during the composting process and after soil application of the composting mixtures under laboratory conditions. The effect of the degree of stabilization of TPOMW on the overall C waste conservation efficiency was also evaluated. C losses after 34 weeks of TPOMW composting ranged from 40.58% to 45.19% of the initial C, whereas the amount of C evolved as CO2 after 8 months of incubation of soil amended with mature composts only represented between 20.6% and 21.9% of the added C. The total C losses considering the whole life cycle of the TPOMW showed lower losses compared to composts prepared with organic residues of different origin. Conversely to the typical behaviour of other organic wastes, the stabilisation degree of the TPOMW composting mixtures did not show any significant effect on the total C losses measured during composting and later land application. The low rate of degradation of TPOMW both during composting and after soil application makes the use of TPOMW as a C source an attractive strategy for soil C sequestration.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Sánchez-Monedero
- CEBAS-CSIC, Campus Universitario de Espinardo, P.O. Box 164, 30100, Espinardo, Murcia, Spain.
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Cayuela ML, Millner P, Slovin J, Roig A. Duckweed (Lemna gibba) growth inhibition bioassay for evaluating the toxicity of olive mill wastes before and during composting. Chemosphere 2007; 68:1985-91. [PMID: 17448522 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2007.02.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2006] [Revised: 02/23/2007] [Accepted: 02/23/2007] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Two-phase olive mill waste (TPOMW) is considered the main problem confronting the modern oil extraction and processing industry. Composting has been recently proposed as a suitable method to treat TPOMW so that it is suitable for use in agriculture. In the work reported here, the Lemna gibba bioassay was tested to assess the toxicity of TPOMW before and during the composting process. The method was compared with the Lepidium sativum bioassay and with other chemical maturity indices traditionally reported in the literature. The L. gibba test proved to be a simple, sensitive, and accurate method to evaluate toxicity before and during the composting of TPOMW. Plant growth response was measured by two methods: counting the number of fronds (leaves) and measuring total frond area (TFA) with image analysis software. Compared to the counting of fronds (L. gibba) or seeds (L. sativum), the use of area-measuring software permitted a very rapid, unbiased and easy way of analysing the toxicity of TPOMW before and during composting. Although the accuracy of the frond count method was similar to the traditional cress seed test, data analysis showed that the TFA measurement method was statistically more accurate (significantly lower variance) than the frond count approach. Highly significant correlations were found between TFA and some important maturation indices commonly reported in literature indicating that the L. gibba bioassay can be a useful tool to determine the degree of maturity of TPOMW composts.
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Affiliation(s)
- M L Cayuela
- Department of Soil and Water Conservation and Waste Management, CEBAS CSIC, Campus Universitario de Espinardo, 30100 Murcia, Spain.
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Vitezica ZG, Moreno CR, Lantier F, Lantier I, Schibler L, Roig A, François D, Bouix J, Allain D, Brunel JC, Barillet F, Elsen JM. Quantitative trait loci linked to PRNP gene controlling health and production traits in INRA 401 sheep. Genet Sel Evol 2007; 39:421-30. [PMID: 17612481 PMCID: PMC2682820 DOI: 10.1186/1297-9686-39-4-421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2006] [Accepted: 02/20/2007] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, the potential association of PrP genotypes with health and productive traits was investigated. Data were recorded on animals of the INRA 401 breed from the Bourges-La Sapinière INRA experimental farm. The population consisted of 30 rams and 852 ewes, which produced 1310 lambs. The animals were categorized into three PrP genotype classes: ARR homozygous, ARR heterozygous, and animals without any ARR allele. Two analyses differing in the approach considered were carried out. Firstly, the potential association of the PrP genotype with disease (Salmonella resistance) and production (wool and carcass) traits was studied. The data used included 1042, 1043 and 1013 genotyped animals for the Salmonella resistance, wool and carcass traits, respectively. The different traits were analyzed using an animal model, where the PrP genotype effect was included as a fixed effect. Association analyses do not indicate any evidence of an effect of PrP genotypes on traits studied in this breed. Secondly, a quantitative trait loci (QTL) detection approach using the PRNP gene as a marker was applied on ovine chromosome 13. Interval mapping was used. Evidence for one QTL affecting mean fiber diameter was found at 25 cM from the PRNP gene. However, a linkage between PRNP and this QTL does not imply unfavorable linkage disequilibrium for PRNP selection purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zulma G Vitezica
- INSERM, U.563 CHU Purpan, BP 3028, 31024 Toulouse Cedex, France.
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Vitezica ZG, Moreno CR, Lantier F, Lantier I, Schibler L, Roig A, François D, Bouix J, Allain D, Brunel JC, Barillet F, Elsen JM. Quantitative trait loci linked to PRNPgene controlling health and production traits in INRA 401 sheep. Genet Sel Evol 2007. [DOI: 10.1051/gse:2007012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Minguillón MC, Querol X, Alastuey A, Monfort E, Mantilla E, Sanz MJ, Sanz F, Roig A, Renau A, Felis C, Miró JV, Artíñano B. PM10 speciation and determination of air quality target levels. A case study in a highly industrialized area of Spain. Sci Total Environ 2007; 372:382-96. [PMID: 17141297 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2006.10.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2006] [Revised: 10/09/2006] [Accepted: 10/13/2006] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The paper shows how PM speciation studies allow the evaluation of the strategies to be followed to diminish PM pollution in highly industrialized areas with a large number of potential pollution sources. Evolution of levels and speciation of PM10 in the ceramic producing area of Castelló (East Spain) was studied from April 2002 until December 2005. PM10 levels were measured at one rural (Borriana-rural), two suburban (Almassora and Onda) and three urban (Borriana-urban, L'Alcora and Vila-real) sites, all influenced by the ceramics industry. Average PM10 levels varied between 27 and 36 microg/m3 for the study period. Evaluation of 1996-2005 PM data from Onda shows a clear decrease of PM levels since the beginning of 2002. Summer peak levels and winter minima occurred at both rural and suburban sites, whereas urban sites had no clear seasonal trend, with high PM10 episodes being due variously to local, regional, and African dust intrusion events. PM10 chemical analysis at four of the sites showed the dominant constituent to be mineral matter, exceeding by 5-12 microg/m3 the usual ranges of annual mineral loadings in PM10 at comparable Spanish urban or regional background sites with no industrial influence. Given current PM10 loadings, we recommend a lowering target of 3-5 microg/m3 of the annual mean at the urban sites, which should be achievable given available emission abatement techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- M C Minguillón
- Institute of Earth Sciences Jaume Almera, CSIC, Barcelona, Spain.
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Schibler L, Roig A, Mahe MF, Laurent P, Hayes H, Rodolphe F, Cribiu EP. High-resolution comparative mapping among man, cattle and mouse suggests a role for repeat sequences in mammalian genome evolution. BMC Genomics 2006; 7:194. [PMID: 16882342 PMCID: PMC3225868 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2164-7-194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2006] [Accepted: 08/01/2006] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Comparative mapping provides new insights into the evolutionary history of genomes. In particular, recent studies in mammals have suggested a role for segmental duplication in genome evolution. In some species such as Drosophila or maize, transposable elements (TEs) have been shown to be involved in chromosomal rearrangements. In this work, we have explored the presence of interspersed repeats in regions of chromosomal rearrangements, using an updated high-resolution integrated comparative map among cattle, man and mouse. RESULTS The bovine, human and mouse comparative autosomal map has been constructed using data from bovine genetic and physical maps and from FISH-mapping studies. We confirm most previous results but also reveal some discrepancies. A total of 211 conserved segments have been identified between cattle and man, of which 33 are new segments and 72 correspond to extended, previously known segments. The resulting map covers 91% and 90% of the human and bovine genomes, respectively. Analysis of breakpoint regions revealed a high density of species-specific interspersed repeats in the human and mouse genomes. CONCLUSION Analysis of the breakpoint regions has revealed specific repeat density patterns, suggesting that TEs may have played a significant role in chromosome evolution and genome plasticity. However, we cannot rule out that repeats and breakpoints accumulate independently in the few same regions where modifications are better tolerated. Likewise, we cannot ascertain whether increased TE density is the cause or the consequence of chromosome rearrangements. Nevertheless, the identification of high density repeat clusters combined with a well-documented repeat phylogeny should highlight probable breakpoints, and permit their precise dating. Combining new statistical models taking the present information into account should help reconstruct ancestral karyotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurent Schibler
- Laboratoire de Génétique biochimique et de Cytogénétique, Département de Génétique Animale, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Centre de Recherche de Jouy, 78352 Jouy-en-Josas, Cedex, France
| | - Anne Roig
- Laboratoire de Génétique biochimique et de Cytogénétique, Département de Génétique Animale, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Centre de Recherche de Jouy, 78352 Jouy-en-Josas, Cedex, France
| | - Marie-Françoise Mahe
- Laboratoire de Génétique biochimique et de Cytogénétique, Département de Génétique Animale, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Centre de Recherche de Jouy, 78352 Jouy-en-Josas, Cedex, France
| | - Pascal Laurent
- Laboratoire de Génétique biochimique et de Cytogénétique, Département de Génétique Animale, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Centre de Recherche de Jouy, 78352 Jouy-en-Josas, Cedex, France
| | - Hélène Hayes
- Laboratoire de Génétique biochimique et de Cytogénétique, Département de Génétique Animale, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Centre de Recherche de Jouy, 78352 Jouy-en-Josas, Cedex, France
| | - François Rodolphe
- Mathématique, informatique et génome, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Centre de Recherche de Jouy, 78352 Jouy-en-Josas Cedex, France
| | - Edmond P Cribiu
- Laboratoire de Génétique biochimique et de Cytogénétique, Département de Génétique Animale, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Centre de Recherche de Jouy, 78352 Jouy-en-Josas, Cedex, France
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Roig A, Cayuela ML, Sánchez-Monedero MA. An overview on olive mill wastes and their valorisation methods. Waste Manag 2006; 26:960-9. [PMID: 16246541 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2005.07.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 250] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2004] [Revised: 06/14/2005] [Accepted: 07/05/2005] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Olive mill wastes represent an important environmental problem in Mediterranean areas where they are generated in huge quantities in short periods of time. Their high phenol, lipid and organic acid concentrations turn them into phytotoxic materials, but these wastes also contain valuable resources such as a large proportion of organic matter and a wide range of nutrients that could be recycled. In this article, recent research studies for the valorisation of olive mill wastes performed by several authors were reviewed: second oil extraction, combustion, gasification, anaerobic digestion, composting and solid fermentation are some of the methods proposed. Special attention was paid to the new solid waste generated during the extraction of olive oil by the two-phase system. The peculiar physicochemical properties of the new solid waste, called two-phase olive mill waste, caused specific management problems in the olive mills that have led to the adaptation and transformation of the traditional valorisation strategies. The selection of the most suitable or appropriate valorisation strategy will depend on the social, agricultural or industrial environment of the olive mill. Although some methods are strongly consolidated in this sector, other options, more respectful with the environment, should also be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Roig
- Department of Soil and Water Conservation and Organic Waste Management, CEBAS CSIC, Campus Universitario de Espinardo, 30100 Murcia, Spain.
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Costela A, García Moreno I, Gómez C, García O, Sastre R, Roig A, Molins E. Polymer-Filled Nanoporous Silica Aerogels as Hosts for Highly Stable Solid-State Dye Lasers. J Phys Chem B 2005; 109:4475-80. [PMID: 16851520 DOI: 10.1021/jp040714m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
New hybrid solid-state dye laser materials based on highly porous silica aerogels have been synthesized. The open porous network of the aerogel was saturated with laser dyes dissolved in appropriate organic monomers, and polymerization took place inside the silica structure. The resulting polymer-filled nanoporous aerogel (PFNPA) was cast in a cylindrical shape, forming monoliths that were used as gain media in solid-state dye lasers. When the PFNPA incorporated pyrromethene dyes, highly photostable laser emission with good lasing efficiency was obtained. Under the demanding conditions of tightly focused transversal pumping with 532 nm, 5 mJ pulses at 10 Hz repetition rate, the commercial dye Pyrromethene 567 exhibited laser action with only a 10% drop in the laser output after 10(6) pump pulses in the same position of the sample.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Costela
- Instituto de Química-Física Rocasolano, C.S.I.C., Serrano 119, 28006 Madrid, Spain.
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Paredes C, Cegarra J, Bernal MP, Roig A. Influence of olive mill wastewater in composting and impact of the compost on a Swiss chard crop and soil properties. Environ Int 2005; 31:305-312. [PMID: 15661299 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2004.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The suitability of olive mill wastewater (OMW) for composting was studied by the addition of this liquid waste to a mixture of cotton gin waste and sewage sludge, and its composting was compared with that of another pile of similar composition, but without olive mill wastewater. Both piles were composted by the Rutgers static pile system in a pilot plant. To study the effects of both composts on plant yield and soil properties, a plot experiment was carried out with Swiss chard (Beta vulgaris L. var. cicla). Five treatments were applied: mineral fertiliser and two doses (30 and 60 tons ha(-1)) of both composts. The olive mill wastewater addition produced a compost with lower organic matter and nitrate concentrations, higher electrical conductivity, and a stabilised and humified organic matter similar to that of the compost produced without olive mill wastewater. The olive mill wastewater compost application to soil did not injure plants, producing a similar plant yield to both compost without olive mill wastewater and inorganic fertiliser. Also, the accumulation of potentially toxic heavy metals in plants cultivated with organic or mineral fertilisers did not reveal significant differences. The olive mill wastewater compost application to soil also improved the chemical and physicochemical properties of the soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Paredes
- Department of Agrochemistry and Environment, University of Miguel Hernández, Ctra. Beniel, km. 3.2. 03312 Orihuela (Alicante), Spain.
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Roig A, Cayuela ML, Sánchez-Monedero MA. The use of elemental sulphur as organic alternative to control pH during composting of olive mill wastes. Chemosphere 2004; 57:1099-1105. [PMID: 15504468 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2004.08.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2003] [Revised: 07/23/2004] [Accepted: 08/10/2004] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
High values of pH may represent a limitation for the agricultural use of the composts, not only when used as soil-less substrate but also as soil amendment in high pH soils. The addition of elemental S during the maturation phase of the composting process was evaluated as suitable method to reduce pH of the composts under the organic agriculture regulations. A compost prepared with two phase olive mill waste (OMW) and sheep litter (SL) was used to study the effect of elemental sulphur addition on the pH of the composting mixture. Initially, different bench scale experiments were designed in order to study the influence of moisture, sulphur concentration, and incubation temperature on the sulphur oxidation rate and thus on the pH of the compost. A concentration of 0.5% in sulphur (dry weight basis) and moisture of 40% were proposed as the optimum conditions to decrease the compost pH by 1.1 units without increasing in EC to levels that may suppose a limitation for its agricultural use. Finally, these optimum experimental conditions found at bench scale were tested at full scale in a commercial composting plant treating the same organic materials by windrowing. The pH values of the composting mixture were reduced by one unit after 2 weeks following the addition of elemental S causing no negative effects on the final compost quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Roig
- Department of Soil and Water Conservation and Organic Waste Management, Centro de Edafologiía y Biología Aplicada del Segura, CSIC, Campus Universitario de Espinardo, 30100 Espinardo Murcia, Spain.
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Abstract
A first generation clone-based physical map for the bovine genome was constructed combining, fluorescent double digestion fingerprinting and sequence tagged site (STS) marker screening. The BAC clones were selected from an Inra BAC library (105 984 clones) and a part of the CHORI-240 BAC library (26 500 clones). The contigs were anchored using the screening information for a total of 1303 markers (451 microsatellites, 471 genes, 127 EST, and 254 BAC ends). The final map, which consists of 6615 contigs assembled from 100 923 clones, will be a valuable tool for genomic research in ruminants, including targeted marker production, positional cloning or targeted sequencing of regions of specific interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurent Schibler
- Laboratoire de génétique biochimique et de cytogénétique, Département de génétique animale, Institut national de la recherche agronomique, Centre de recherche de Jouy, 78352 Jouy-en-Josas, France.
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Scamps F, Roig A, Boukhaddaoui H, André S, Puech S, Valmier J. Activation of P-type calcium channel regulates a unique thapsigargin-sensitive calcium pool in embryonic motoneurons. Eur J Neurosci 2004; 19:977-82. [PMID: 15009145 DOI: 10.1111/j.0953-816x.2004.03196.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
By regulating voltage-dependent Ca2+ influx and intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis, electrical activity plays a central role in motoneuron development. Dissociated cultures of purified embryonic rat motoneurons were used to explore the molecular mechanisms by which Ca2+ influx control [Ca2+]i transients in these neurons. Thapsigargin (250 nm) and cyclopiazonic acid (10 micro m), which deplete Ca2+ stores in the endoplasmic reticulum, decrease by 30% the depolarization-induced [Ca2+]i transients in motoneurons without affecting voltage-activated calcium currents. This thapsigargin-sensitive intracellular Ca2+ pool differs from other previous described Ca2+ stores that are sensitive to ryanodine or caffeine, inositol triphosphate, insulin and from mitochondrial Ca2+ pools. Thapsigargin affected the Cav2.1 P-type Ca2+ channel component of the depolarization-induced [Ca2+]i transient in motoneurons but spared [Ca2+]i transient induced by Cav1 L-type and Cav2.2 N-type Ca2+ channel components, suggesting a close functional relationship between Cav2.1 subunit and this unique thapsigargin-sensitive Ca2+ store. Altogether the present results demonstrate a new pathway, used by embryonic motoneurons, to regulate Ca2+ signalling through voltage-activated (Cav2.1) Ca2+ channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frédérique Scamps
- Inserm U-583, Université Montpellier II, Place Eugène Bataillon, Case 089, 34095, Montpellier, Cedex 5, France
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Sánchez-Monedero MA, Mondini C, de Nobili M, Leita L, Roig A. Land application of biosolids. Soil response to different stabilization degree of the treated organic matter. Waste Manag 2004; 24:325-332. [PMID: 15081058 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2003.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/27/2003] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The effect of land application of biosolids on an agricultural soil was studied in a 2-month incubation experiment. The soil microbial biomass and the availability of heavy metals in the soil was monitored after the application of four different composting mixtures of sewage sludge and cotton waste, at different stages of composting. Land application caused an increase of both size and activity of soil microbial biomass that was related to the stabilization degree of the composting mixture. Sewage sludge stabilization through composting reduced the perturbance of the soil microbial biomass. At the end of the experiment, the size and the activity of the soil microbial biomass following the addition of untreated sewage sludge were twice those developed with mature compost. For the mature compost, the soil microbial biomass recovered its original equilibrium status (defined as the specific respiration activity, qCO2) after 18 days of incubation, whereas the soil amended with less stabilized materials did not recover equilibrium even after the two-month incubation period. The stabilization degree of the added materials did not affect the availability of Zn, Ni, Pb, Cu, Cr and Cd in the soil in the low heavy metal content of the sewage sludge studied. Stabilization of organic wastes before soil application is advisable for the lower perturbation of soil equilibria status and the more efficient C mineralization.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Sánchez-Monedero
- Department of Soil and Water Conservation and Organic Waste Management, Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura, CSIC, PO Box 4195, 30080 Murcia, Spain.
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García-Gómez A, Roig A, Bernal MP. Composting of the solid fraction of olive mill wastewater with olive leaves: organic matter degradation and biological activity. Bioresour Technol 2003; 86:59-64. [PMID: 12421010 DOI: 10.1016/s0960-8524(02)00106-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The flocculated solid fraction of olive mill wastewaters, obtained from two different olive oil extraction systems (FOMW1 and FOMW2) was composted, with olive leaves (OL) as bulking agent, by the static pile system (Rutgers). The dynamic of organic matter (OM) degradation during composting and its relationship with the basal respiration and fluorescein diacetate (FDA) hydrolytic activity, as indicators of biological activity, were studied. Two mixtures were prepared: C1, from 65% FOMW1 plus 35% OL; and C2, from 74% FOMW2 plus 25% OL and 1% urea. The biooxidative phase of composting in C1, which had a high initial C/N ratio, was long, leading to a high OM degradation, mainly of the lignocellulosic compounds. The water-soluble organic carbon content, C/N ratio and the urea supplied as a N source for the C2 compost make this mixture more adequate for composting, as it had a shorter composting time than C1, and developed a microbial population with a high metabolic activity. The results for basal respiration in C1 and C2 were correlated at a high probability level with those of FDA hydrolysis, and both parameters can be used for establishing the degree of biological stability of the composting material.
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Affiliation(s)
- A García-Gómez
- Department of Soil and Water Conservation and Organic Waste Management, Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura, CSIC, Murcia, Spain
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Chevassus H, Roig A, Belloc C, Lajoix AD, Broca C, Manteghetti M, Petit P. P2Y receptor activation enhances insulin release from pancreatic beta-cells by triggering the cyclic AMP/protein kinase A pathway. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2002; 366:464-9. [PMID: 12382076 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-002-0620-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2002] [Accepted: 07/02/2002] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Adenine nucleotides stimulate insulin secretion by binding to P2 receptors of the pancreatic beta-cells; the stimulus-secretion coupling is not yet clearly established and may depend on the receptor subtype. The aim of the present study was to further investigate the mechanism whereby P2Y receptor agonists enhance glucose-induced insulin secretion. Experiments were performed in rat pancreatic islets and in the INS-1 secreting cell line in the presence of a slightly stimulating glucose concentration (8.3 mmol/l). In isolated islets, the P2Y receptor agonist ADPbetaS (50 micromol/l) induced a significant fivefold increase in the cyclic AMP (cAMP) content, from 43.4+/-3.7 fmol/10 islets in controls to 210.6+/-12.0; it still induced a 4.5-fold increase in cAMP content in the absence of calcium. In another series of experiments, ADPbetaS (50 micromol/l) significantly increased glucose-induced insulin secretion from 7.7+/-0.6 ng/3 islets in controls to 11.2+/-1.0. The adenylyl cyclase inhibitor SQ 22,536 (9-[tetrahydro-2-furanyl]-9 H-purin-6-amine; 100 micromol/l), which was ineffective alone, completely prevented the stimulating effect of ADPbetaS. In a set of experiments in which ADPbetaS increased glucose-induced insulin secretion from 10.0+/-0.7 ng/3 islets to 12.6+/-0.8, the inhibitor of cAMP-dependent protein kinase, TPCK (tos-phe-chloromethylketone; 3 micromol/l), which was ineffective alone, also prevented the stimulating effect of ADPbetaS. In incubated INS-1 cells, the P2Y receptor ligand ATPalphaS increased significantly both the content of cAMP and the release of insulin, in a concentration-dependent manner in the range of 50-150 micromol/l; the insulin release was significantly correlated with the cAMP content. In conclusion, the present results show that P2Y receptor agonists, ADPbetaS and ATPalphaS, amplify glucose-induced insulin secretion by activating beta-cell adenylyl cyclase and the subsequent cAMP/protein kinase A signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Chevassus
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Research Unit UPRES EA 1677 and UMR CNRS 5094, Faculty of Medicine, Montpellier I University, 4 Boulevard Henri IV, 34060 Montpellier Cedex 1, France
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Paredes C, Bernal MP, Cegarra J, Roig A. Bio-degradation of olive mill wastewater sludge by its co-composting with agricultural wastes. Bioresour Technol 2002; 85:1-8. [PMID: 12146635 DOI: 10.1016/s0960-8524(02)00078-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The use of maize straw (MS) or cotton waste (CW) as bulking agents in the composting of olive mill wastewater (OMW) sludge was compared by studying the organic matter (OM) mineralisation and humification processes during composting and the characteristics of the end products. Both composts were prepared in a pilot-plant using the Rutgers static-pile system. The use of CW instead of MS to compost OMW sludge extended both the thermophilic and bio-oxidative phases of the process, with higher degradation of polymers (mainly lignin and cellulose), a greater formation of nitrates, higher total nitrogen losses and a lower biological nitrogen fixation. The CW produced a compost with a more stabilised OM and more highly polymerised humic-like substances. In the pile with CW and OMW sludge, OM losses followed a first-order kinetic equation, due to OM degradation being greater at the beginning of the composting and remaining almost constant until the end of the process. However, in the pile with MS and OMW sludge this parameter followed a zero-order kinetic equation, since OM degraded throughout the process. The germination index indicated the reduction of phytotoxicity during composting.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Paredes
- Department of Agrochemistry and Environment, University of Miguel Hernández, Orihuela, Alicante, Spain.
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Abstract
In order to study the suitability of olive mill wastewater (OMW) for composting, this liquid waste was added to two different mixtures of agroindustrial and urban wastes and the composting process was compared with two other piles of similar composition, but without OMW. These four piles were studied in a pilot plant using the Rutgers static pile system. The addition of OMW produced a greater proportion of degradable organic matter or a higher degradation rate, higher electrical conductivity values, greater losses of total N and lower nitrification than in piles without OMW. Its addition also restricted the increase of the cation exchange capacity and provoked the appearance of phytotoxicity or a longer persistence of phytotoxicity. However, in general, all the composts showed increases in the cation exchange capacity, the percentage of humic acid-like carbon, the polymerisation ratio of these humic substances (which revealed that the organic matter had been humified during composting) and the germination index, the latter indicating the reduction of phytotoxicity during the process.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Paredes
- Department of Agrochemistry and Environment, University of Miguel Hernández, Orihuela (Alicante), Spain
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Abstract
Two composts prepared from agroindustrial wastes were assayed as substrates: C1 from brewing waste (yeast and malt) plus lemon tree prunings; and C2 from the solid fraction of olive mill wastewater plus olive leaves. Sixteen substrates were prepared by combining each compost with Sphagnum peat or a commercial substrate (CS) in different proportions. The nutrients (N and K) provided by the composts, which acted as slow-release fertilisers, influenced especially the development of calendula, although the physical and physico-chemical properties such as total pore space and electrical conductivity (EC) were also relevant. On the other hand, in the salt-sensitive calceolaria hybrid, EC and chloride concentration were the main factors influencing growth. Adequate substrates for the development of calendula can be prepared by mixing C1 at up to 75% with peat or at up to 50% with CS, and C2 at up to 50% with peat or CS. For calceolaria, the substrate should have a lower proportion of compost, C1 at up to 50% and C2 at up to 25%, both mixed with peat or CS. Therefore, composts of agroindustrial origin such as these can be used as an alternative to peat and CSs for growing ornamental plants. provided the mixture contains at least 25% peat or CS.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Garcia-Gomez
- Department of Soil and Water Conservation and Organic Waste Management, Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura, CSIC, Murcia, Spain
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Portilla Y, Chávez I, Arancibia V, Loeb B, Manríquez JM, Roig A, Molins E. Effect of asymmetry on the electronic delocalization in diiron and iron-cobalt mixed valence metallocenic compounds. Inorg Chem 2002; 41:1831-6. [PMID: 11925176 DOI: 10.1021/ic011175s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
In this work, we report the synthesis and a study on the degree of electronic delocalization in the asymmetric mixed valence complexes [CpFe(C(8)H(6))Fe(C(8)H(7))](+), 3a(+), and [CpCo(C(8)H(6))Fe(C(8)H(7))](+), 3b(+), (Cp = C(5)Me(5), C(8)H(6) = pentalenyde, C(8)H(7) = hydropentalenyde, and = ((3,5(CF(3))(2)C(6)H(3))(4)B(-))). Electrochemical methods, (57)Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy, electronic spectroscopy, and electron paramagnetic resonance were used for this purpose. Although the anti conformation of the complexes precludes any metal-metal interaction, all the techniques employed show that 3a(+) is a electronic delocalized system, while 3b(+) behaves as two individual metallic centers with localized electron density.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Portilla
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC), Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, España
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Sánchez-Monedero MA, Roig A, Paredes C, Bernal MP. Nitrogen transformation during organic waste composting by the Rutgers system and its effects on pH, EC and maturity of the composting mixtures. Bioresour Technol 2001; 78:301-308. [PMID: 11341692 DOI: 10.1016/s0960-8524(01)00031-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The evolution of the different forms of nitrogen during the composting of several wastes was studied, as well as its relation to the pH, electrical conductivity and parameters of maturity of the composts obtained. Four mixtures were prepared from different organic materials: sewage sludge, municipal solid waste, brewery sludge, sorghum bagasse, cotton waste and pine bark. The evolution of the different forms of nitrogen during composting depended on the material which supplied the nitrogen to the mixtures and the organic matter (OM) degradation rate during composting. The greatest concentration of ammonium was observed during the first weeks of composting, coinciding with the most intense period of OM degradation, and ammonium then decreased gradually to reach final values of below 0.04%. The use of urea as a nitrogen source in the mixtures led to high ammonium levels during the first weeks as a result of its rapid hydrolysis. The nitrification process began only when the temperature of the mixtures had dropped below 40 degrees C and its intensity depended on the quantity of ammonium present when the process began. The highest concentrations of NO3-N were always produced at the end of maturation, reaching values of 0.52%, 0.53%, 0.12% and 0.20% in the four mixtures studied. Nitrogen losses during composting depended on the materials used and on the pH values of the mixtures. Mixtures with the highest lignocellulose content showed the lowest losses (below 25%), while those containing municipal solid waste lost more than 40% of the initial content. Statistically significant correlations at a high probability level were found between the NO3-N concentration and pH and electrical conductivity. confirming that nitrification was responsible for the falling pH values and increasing electrical conductivity. The ratio of NH4-N and NO3-N concentrations was shown to be a clear indicator of the maturity of the mixtures during composting, the final values of 0.08, 0.04, 0,16 and 0.11 for the four mixtures being equal to, or below the maximum value established as a maturity index in other materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Sánchez-Monedero
- Department of Soil and Water Conservation and Organic Waste Management, Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura, CSIC, Murcia, Spain
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Scamps F, Vigues S, Restituito S, Campo B, Roig A, Charnet P, Valmier J. Sarco-endoplasmic ATPase blocker 2,5-Di(tert-butyl)-1, 4-benzohydroquinone inhibits N-, P-, and Q- but not T-, L-, or R-type calcium currents in central and peripheral neurons. Mol Pharmacol 2000; 58:18-26. [PMID: 10860923 DOI: 10.1124/mol.58.1.18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The effects of 2,5-di(tert-butyl)-1,4-benzohydroquinone (tBHQ), a synthetic phenolic antioxidant and a blocker of the sarco-endoplasmic ATPase, were evaluated on low and high voltage-activated Ca(2+) currents (ICas) with rodent dorsal root ganglion, hippocampal, and motor neurons. In all cell types tested, tBHQ (IC(50) = 35 microM) blocked ICa at concentrations used to inhibit sarco-endoplasmic ATPase. This effect was specific to tBHQ because the other sarco-endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase pump inhibitors (thapsigargin and cyclopiazonic acid) had no effect. Selective blockade of the N-type current with omega-conotoxin GVIA and of P- (motoneuron) or Q-type currents (hippocampal neuron) with omega-agatoxin IVA indicated that tBHQ inhibited N, P, and Q types of ICa. tBHQ had no effect on nitrendipine-sensitive (L-type) and residual drug-resistant (R-type) ICa, nor on the low voltage-activated T-type ICa. Contrary to neuronal cells, the L-type ICa was inhibited by tBHQ in a differentiated mouse neuroblastoma and rat glioma hybrid cell line. Injection of cDNAs encoding the alpha1A, alpha1B, alpha1C, and alpha1E subunits into oocytes showed that tBHQ blocked ICas at the level of the pore-forming protein. This effect of tBHQ on ICa should be considered when interpreting results obtained with tBHQ used on neuronal preparations. It also may be useful for developing new strategies for the generation of more potent intracellular calcium transient inhibitors.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Calcium/metabolism
- Calcium Channel Blockers/pharmacology
- Calcium Channels/drug effects
- Calcium Channels/metabolism
- Calcium Channels, L-Type/metabolism
- Calcium Channels, N-Type/drug effects
- Calcium Channels, N-Type/metabolism
- Calcium Channels, P-Type/drug effects
- Calcium Channels, P-Type/metabolism
- Calcium Channels, Q-Type/drug effects
- Calcium Channels, Q-Type/metabolism
- Calcium Channels, R-Type/metabolism
- Calcium Channels, T-Type/metabolism
- Calcium-Transporting ATPases/antagonists & inhibitors
- Cells, Cultured
- DNA, Complementary/genetics
- DNA, Complementary/metabolism
- Endoplasmic Reticulum/enzymology
- Enzyme Inhibitors/pharmacology
- Ganglia, Spinal/drug effects
- Ganglia, Spinal/metabolism
- Glioma/pathology
- Hippocampus/drug effects
- Hippocampus/metabolism
- Hybrid Cells/drug effects
- Hybrid Cells/metabolism
- Hydroquinones/pharmacology
- Mice
- Motor Neurons/drug effects
- Motor Neurons/metabolism
- Neuroblastoma/pathology
- Rats
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Thapsigargin/pharmacology
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Affiliation(s)
- F Scamps
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Montpellier Université II, place Eugène Bataillon, Montpellier, France
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Boukhaddaoui H, Sieso V, Scamps F, Vigues S, Roig A, Valmier J. Q- and L-type calcium channels control the development of calbindin phenotype in hippocampal pyramidal neurons in vitro. Eur J Neurosci 2000; 12:2068-78. [PMID: 10886346 DOI: 10.1046/j.1460-9568.2000.00105.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Cultured immature hippocampal neurons from embryonic 17-day-old rats were used to explore activity-dependent regulation of neuronal phenotype differentiation in the developing hippocampus. The calbindin-D28k phenotype of the pyramidal neurons appeared during the first 6 days in culture, and was expressed by 12% of the cells on day 6. Daily stimulation with 50 mM KCl during the first 5 days in vitro increased the number of calbindin-D28k-positive pyramidal neurons without affecting neuronal survival. This effect was prevented by buffering extracellular Ca2+. Omega-agatoxin-IVA-sensitive Q-type and nitrendipine-sensitive L-type voltage-gated Ca2+ channels (VGCCs) carried Ca2+ currents and Ca2+ influx in immature pyramidal neurons at somata level. Blockade of these channels inhibited calbindin-D28k phenotype induced by 50 mM KCl. Conversely, glutamate-activated Ca2+ channel antagonists did not affect the KCl-induced calbindin-D28k phenotype. Chronic blockade of Q- and/or L-type VGCCs downregulated the normal calbindin-D28k development of immature pyramidal neurons without affecting neuronal survival, the somatic area of pyramidal neurons or the number of GABAergic-positive (gamma-aminobutyric acid) interneurons. However, at later developmental stages, Q-type VGCCs lost their ability to control Ca2+ influx at somata level, and both Q- and L-type VGCCs failed to regulate calbindin-D28k phenotype. These results suggest that Q-type channels, which have been predominantly associated with neurotransmitter release in adult brain, transiently act in synergy with L-type VGCCs to direct early neuronal differentiation of hippocampal pyramidal neurons before the establishment of their synaptic circuits.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Boukhaddaoui
- Inserm U-432, Université Montpellier II, Place Eugène Bataillon, 34095, Montpellier, Cedex 5, France
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Culetto E, Combes D, Fedon Y, Roig A, Toutant JP, Arpagaus M. Structure and promoter activity of the 5' flanking region of ace-1, the gene encoding acetylcholinesterase of class A in Caenorhabditis elegans. J Mol Biol 1999; 290:951-66. [PMID: 10438595 DOI: 10.1006/jmbi.1999.2937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
We report the structure and the functional activity of the promoter region of ace-1, the gene encoding acetylcholinesterase of class A in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. We found that ace-1 was trans -spliced to the SL1 spliced leader and that transcription was initiated at a cluster of multiple starts. There was neither a TATA nor a CAAT box at consensus distances from these starts. Interspecies sequence comparison of the 5' regions of ace-1 in C. elegans and in the related nematode Caenorhabditis briggsae identified four blocks of conserved sequences located within a sequence of 2.4 kilobases upstream from the initiator ATG. In vitro expression of CAT reporter genes in mammalian cells allowed the determination of a minimal promoter in the first 288 nucleotides. In phenotype rescue experiments in vivo, the ace-1 gene containing 2.4 kilobases of 5' flanking region of either C. elegans or C. briggsae was found to restore a coordinated mobility to the uncoordinated double mutants ace-1(-);ace-2(-)of C. elegans. This showed that the ace-1 promoter was contained in 2.4 kilobases of the 5' region, and indicated that cis -regulatory elements as well as coding sequences of ace-1 were functionally conserved between the two nematode species. The pattern of ace-1 expression was established through microinjection of Green Fluorescent Protein reporter gene constructs and showed a major mesodermal expression. Deletion analysis showed that two of the four blocks of conserved sequences act as tissue-specific activators. The distal block is a mesodermal enhancer responsible for the expression in body wall muscle cells, anal sphincter and vulval muscle cells. Another block of conserved sequence directs expression in pharyngeal muscle cells pm5 and three pairs of cephalic sensory neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Culetto
- Différenciation Cellulaire et Croissance, INRA, 2 place Viala, Montpellier, 34060, France
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Navajas A, Astigarraga I, Fernández-Teijeiro A, Aga M, Redondo ML, Roig A, Corral J. [Vaccination of chickenpox in children with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia]. Enferm Infecc Microbiol Clin 1999; 17:162-5. [PMID: 10365508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
Varicella vaccine has shown its efficacy to prevent the disease and complications in healthy and immunodeficient children. In this article the authors evaluate the immunologic status of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia at diagnosis and at follow up and the development of chickenpox and/or herpes zoster. Children with negative serology and continuous complete remission of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia for one year were vaccinated. Of 71 children diagnosed of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia from 1983 to 1996, 25 received the vaccine and seroconversion was obtained in 76% after one dose and 92% after the second dose. Vaccine tolerance was adequate. The incidence of herpes zoster infection was decreased in vaccinated children during chemotherapy compared to the wild-virus infected ones. Nowadays that vaccine for healthy children is recommended, we consider a priority to protect from chickenpox the children affected by leukaemia that are in continuous complete remission of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Navajas
- Unidad de Oncología Pediátrica, Hospital de Cruces, Baracaldo, Vizcaya
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