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Musarella CM, Laface VLA, Angiolini C, Bacchetta G, Bajona E, Banfi E, Barone G, Biscotti N, Bonsanto D, Calvia G, Cambria S, Capuano A, Caruso G, Crisafulli A, Del Guacchio E, Di Gristina E, Domina G, Fanfarillo E, Fascetti S, Fiaschi T, Galasso G, Mascia F, Mazzacuva G, Mei G, Minissale P, Motti R, Perrino EV, Picone RM, Pinzani L, Podda L, Potenza G, Rosati L, Stinca A, Tavilla G, Villano C, Wagensommer RP, Spampinato G. New Alien Plant Taxa for Italy and Europe: An Update. Plants (Basel) 2024; 13:620. [PMID: 38475466 DOI: 10.3390/plants13050620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
Despite the wide amount of scientific contributions published on alien plant species, their diffusion dynamics, and their interactions with native taxa, it is increasingly difficult to slow down their spreading and their negative impact on habitats. Last recent years, in fact, a sharp rise in the number of new alien plant taxa introduced in Italy and Europe has been recorded. The aim of this work is to investigate most of the Italian territory in order to verify whether this alarming trend is still underway. Specimen collections and/or observations of alien plants have been performed in as many as 12 Italian regions. All the collected specimens are stored in public or private herbaria. Taxa have been identified according to the literature from the countries of origin of the investigated taxa, while the nomenclature followed the current international references. Updates on 106 taxa are reported. In particular, among 117 new records, 89 are first records, 27 are changes to status and there is 1 extinction. Seven new taxa for Italian alien flora are reported, two of which are new to Europe. The administrative regions with the highest number of records are Calabria (48), Sardegna (17) and Sicilia (15). Five of the surveyed taxa, for the first time, have been considered invasive aliens to Italian territory. The unfrequent amount of original results provided by this work, over the simple importance of data itself, proves how floristic investigation, still today, represents one of the most effective tools in broadening the current knowledge about alien taxa and their dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmelo Maria Musarella
- AGRARIA Department, Mediterranean University of Reggio Calabria, Loc. Feo di Vito snc, 89122 Reggio Calabria, Italy
| | | | - Claudia Angiolini
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, Via P.A. Mattioli 4, 53100 Siena, Italy
- National Biodiversity Future Center (NBFC), Piazza Marina 61, 90133 Palermo, Italy
| | - Gianluigi Bacchetta
- Centre for Conservation of Biodiversity (CCB), Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Viale Sant'Ignazio da Laconi 13, 09123 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Enrico Bajona
- PLANTA/Center for Research, Documentation and Training, Via Serraglio Vecchio 28, 90123 Palermo, Italy
| | - Enrico Banfi
- Section of Botany, Natural History Museum of Milan, Corso Venezia 55, 20121 Milano, Italy
| | - Giulio Barone
- National Biodiversity Future Center (NBFC), Piazza Marina 61, 90133 Palermo, Italy
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Forest Science, University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze Bldg. 4, 90128 Palermo, Italy
| | - Nello Biscotti
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences (D3A), Marche Polytechnic University, 60131 Ancona, Italy
| | - Daniele Bonsanto
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences (D3A), Marche Polytechnic University, 60131 Ancona, Italy
| | - Giacomo Calvia
- Centre for Conservation of Biodiversity (CCB), Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Viale Sant'Ignazio da Laconi 13, 09123 Cagliari, Italy
- Faculty of Agricultural, Environmental and Food Sciences, Free University of Bolzano, Piazza Università 5, 39100 Bolzano, Italy
| | - Salvatore Cambria
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, University of Catania, Via A. Longo 19, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Alberto Capuano
- AGRARIA Department, Mediterranean University of Reggio Calabria, Loc. Feo di Vito snc, 89122 Reggio Calabria, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Caruso
- AGRARIA Department, Mediterranean University of Reggio Calabria, Loc. Feo di Vito snc, 89122 Reggio Calabria, Italy
- Istituto Tecnico Agrario "V. Emanuele II", Via Cortese 1, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | | | - Emanuele Del Guacchio
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Botanical Garden, Via Foria 223, 80139 Naples, Italy
| | - Emilio Di Gristina
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Forest Science, University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze Bldg. 4, 90128 Palermo, Italy
| | - Gianniantonio Domina
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Forest Science, University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze Bldg. 4, 90128 Palermo, Italy
| | - Emanuele Fanfarillo
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, Via P.A. Mattioli 4, 53100 Siena, Italy
- National Biodiversity Future Center (NBFC), Piazza Marina 61, 90133 Palermo, Italy
| | - Simonetta Fascetti
- School of Agriculture, Forestry, Food and Environment, University of Basilicata, Via Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy
| | - Tiberio Fiaschi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, Via P.A. Mattioli 4, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Gabriele Galasso
- Section of Botany, Natural History Museum of Milan, Corso Venezia 55, 20121 Milano, Italy
| | - Francesco Mascia
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, Via P.A. Mattioli 4, 53100 Siena, Italy
- Centre for Conservation of Biodiversity (CCB), Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Viale Sant'Ignazio da Laconi 13, 09123 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Giuliana Mazzacuva
- AGRARIA Department, Mediterranean University of Reggio Calabria, Loc. Feo di Vito snc, 89122 Reggio Calabria, Italy
| | - Giacomo Mei
- Faculty of Agricultural, Environmental and Food Sciences, Free University of Bolzano, Piazza Università 5, 39100 Bolzano, Italy
- Department of Pure and Applied Sciences (DiSPeA), University of Urbino "Carlo Bo", Via Aurelio Saffi, 2, 61029 Urbino PU, Italy
| | - Pietro Minissale
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, University of Catania, Via A. Longo 19, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Riccardo Motti
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Università 100, 80055 Naples, Italy
| | - Enrico Vito Perrino
- CIHEAM, Mediterranean Agronomic Institute of Bari, Via Ceglie 9, 70010 Valenzano, Italy
| | - Rosa Maria Picone
- Department of ChiBioFarAm, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Pinzani
- National Biodiversity Future Center (NBFC), Piazza Marina 61, 90133 Palermo, Italy
- Department of Science, University of Roma Tre, Viale G. Marconi, 446, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Lina Podda
- Centre for Conservation of Biodiversity (CCB), Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Viale Sant'Ignazio da Laconi 13, 09123 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Giovanna Potenza
- School of Agriculture, Forestry, Food and Environment, University of Basilicata, Via Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy
| | - Leonardo Rosati
- School of Agriculture, Forestry, Food and Environment, University of Basilicata, Via Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy
| | - Adriano Stinca
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 81100 Caserta, Italy
| | - Gianmarco Tavilla
- National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Atmospheric Pollution Research (CNR-IIA), c/o Interateneo Physics Department, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Clizia Villano
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Università 100, 80055 Naples, Italy
| | - Robert Philipp Wagensommer
- Faculty of Education, Free University of Bozen-Bolzano, Viale Ratisbona 16, 39042 Brixen-Bressanone, Italy
| | - Giovanni Spampinato
- AGRARIA Department, Mediterranean University of Reggio Calabria, Loc. Feo di Vito snc, 89122 Reggio Calabria, Italy
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Cuena Lombraña A, Dessì L, Podda L, Fois M, Luna B, Porceddu M, Bacchetta G. The Effect of Heat Shock on Seed Dormancy Release and Germination in Two Rare and Endangered Astragalus L. Species (Fabaceae). Plants (Basel) 2024; 13:484. [PMID: 38498413 PMCID: PMC10892968 DOI: 10.3390/plants13040484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
Many Astragalus species exhibit seeds with physical dormancy (PY), but little is known about the ecological context of this dormancy. We focused on A. maritimus and A. verrucosus, two threatened Sardinian endemic species inside the subgenus Trimeniaeus Bunge. Fresh seeds collected from the only two respective known populations were used to investigate the effect of mechanical scarification, heat shock, and water imbibition processes on PY release and germination. PY can be overcome through mechanical scarification of the water-impermeable seed coats, while no dormancy break was detected, nor a subsequent increase in seed germination due to fire-induced heat. This suggests that fire does not trigger dormancy release and seed germination in these species. The seeds tolerate relatively high heat shock temperatures (up to 120 and 100 °C for A. verrucosus and A. maritimus, respectively), but after 120 °C for 10 min, the number of dead seeds increases in both species. These facts suggest the capacity to develop a soil seed bank that can persist after fires and delay germination until the occurrence of optimal conditions. As regards water imbibition, both Astragalus species did not show the typical triphasic pattern, as germination started without further water uptake. This study emphasizes the significance of understanding germination processes and dormancy in threatened species. In fire-prone ecosystems, PY dormancy plays a crucial role in soil seed bank persistence, and it may be selectively influenced by post-fire conditions. Understanding such adaptations provides useful insights into conservation strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alba Cuena Lombraña
- Centre for Conservation of Biodiversity (CCB), Sardinian Germplasm Bank (BG-SAR), Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Viale Sant’Ignazio da Laconi 9-13, 09123 Cagliari, Italy; (A.C.L.); (L.P.); (M.F.); (M.P.); (G.B.)
| | - Ludovica Dessì
- Centre for Conservation of Biodiversity (CCB), Sardinian Germplasm Bank (BG-SAR), Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Viale Sant’Ignazio da Laconi 9-13, 09123 Cagliari, Italy; (A.C.L.); (L.P.); (M.F.); (M.P.); (G.B.)
| | - Lina Podda
- Centre for Conservation of Biodiversity (CCB), Sardinian Germplasm Bank (BG-SAR), Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Viale Sant’Ignazio da Laconi 9-13, 09123 Cagliari, Italy; (A.C.L.); (L.P.); (M.F.); (M.P.); (G.B.)
| | - Mauro Fois
- Centre for Conservation of Biodiversity (CCB), Sardinian Germplasm Bank (BG-SAR), Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Viale Sant’Ignazio da Laconi 9-13, 09123 Cagliari, Italy; (A.C.L.); (L.P.); (M.F.); (M.P.); (G.B.)
| | - Belén Luna
- Departamento de Ciencias Ambientales, Facultad de Ciencias Ambientales y Bioquímica, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Av. Carlos III S/N, 45071 Toledo, Spain;
| | - Marco Porceddu
- Centre for Conservation of Biodiversity (CCB), Sardinian Germplasm Bank (BG-SAR), Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Viale Sant’Ignazio da Laconi 9-13, 09123 Cagliari, Italy; (A.C.L.); (L.P.); (M.F.); (M.P.); (G.B.)
| | - Gianluigi Bacchetta
- Centre for Conservation of Biodiversity (CCB), Sardinian Germplasm Bank (BG-SAR), Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Viale Sant’Ignazio da Laconi 9-13, 09123 Cagliari, Italy; (A.C.L.); (L.P.); (M.F.); (M.P.); (G.B.)
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3
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D'Agostino M, Cao Pinna L, Carboni M, Assini S, Bacchetta G, Bartolucci F, Brancaleoni L, Buldrini F, Carta A, Cerabolini B, Ceriani RM, Clementi U, Cogoni D, Conti F, Crosti R, Cuena-Lombraña A, De Vitis M, Di Giustino A, Fabrini G, Farris E, Fenu G, Fiorentin R, Foggi B, Forte L, Garfì G, Gentili R, Giusso Del Galdo GP, Martinelli V, Medagli P, Nonis D, Orsenigo S, Paoli L, Pierce S, Pinna MS, Rainini F, Ravera S, Rossi G, Schettino A, Schicchi R, Troìa A, Varone L, Zappa E, Abeli T. Best practices, errors, and perspectives of half a century of plant translocation in Italy. Conserv Biol 2023:e14233. [PMID: 38155511 DOI: 10.1111/cobi.14233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
Conservation translocations are becoming common conservation practice, so there is an increasing need to understand the drivers of plant translocation performance through reviews of cases at global and regional levels. The establishment of the Italian Database of Plant Translocation (IDPlanT) provides the opportunity to review the techniques used in 186 plant translocation cases performed in the last 50 years in the heart of the Mediterranean Biodiversity Hotspot. We described techniques and information available in IDPlanT and used these data to identify drivers of translocation outcomes. We tested the effect of 15 variables on survival of translocated propagules as of the last monitoring date with binomial logistic mixed-effect models. Eleven variables significantly affected survival of transplants: life form, site protection, material source, number of source populations, propagation methods, propagule life stage, planting methods, habitat suitability assessment, site preparation, aftercare, and costs. The integration of vegetation studies in the selection of suitable planting sites significantly increased the success of translocation efforts. Although posttranslocation watering had a generally positive effect on translocation outcome, other aftercare techniques did not always increase transplant survival. Finally, we found that how funds were spent appeared to be more important than the actual amount spent. Plant translocations in Italy and in the Mediterranean area should account for the complexity of speciation, gene flow, and plant migrations that has led to local adaptations and has important implications for the choice and constitution of source material.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Marta Carboni
- Department of Science, Roma Tre University, Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Assini
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Gianluigi Bacchetta
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Bartolucci
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Barisciano, Italy
| | - Lisa Brancaleoni
- Department of Environmental and Prevention Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Buldrini
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Angelino Carta
- Department of Biology, Botany Unit, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Bruno Cerabolini
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | | | | | - Donatella Cogoni
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Fabio Conti
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Barisciano, Italy
| | | | - Alba Cuena-Lombraña
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | | | | | - Giuseppe Fabrini
- Department of Environmental Biology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Emanuele Farris
- Department of Natural and Land Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Fenu
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | | | - Bruno Foggi
- Department of Biology, University of Firenze, Firenze, Italy
| | - Luigi Forte
- Department of Biology - Botanical Garden Museum, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Garfì
- Institute of Biosciences and BioResources, National Research Council, Palermo, Italy
| | - Rodolfo Gentili
- Department of Environmental Science, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milano, Italy
| | | | | | - Pietro Medagli
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, University of Salento, Lecce, Italy
| | | | - Simone Orsenigo
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Luca Paoli
- Department of Biology, Botany Unit, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Simon Pierce
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Maria Silvia Pinna
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | | | - Sonia Ravera
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Graziano Rossi
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | | | - Rosario Schicchi
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Forest Sciences, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Angelo Troìa
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Laura Varone
- Department of Environmental Biology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Elena Zappa
- Hanbury Botanical Gardens, University of Genova, Ventimiglia, Italy
| | - Thomas Abeli
- Department of Science, Roma Tre University, Rome, Italy
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Boi ME, Fois M, Podda L, Porceddu M, Bacchetta G. Using Mediterranean Native Plants for the Phytoremediation of Mining Sites: An Overview of the Past and Present, and Perspectives for the Future. Plants (Basel) 2023; 12:3823. [PMID: 38005720 PMCID: PMC10674270 DOI: 10.3390/plants12223823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
Mining exploitation in the Mediterranean Basin has left evident scars on the environment, and poses serious risks for human health and biodiversity, especially when mine wastes are left abandoned. This review analysed the main issues of metal(loid)s pollution related to mine exploitation in the Mediterranean Basin. Here, a list of Mediterranean native plant species studied for phytoremediation is given and, considering their biological forms, vegetational types, and ecology, we categorised them into halotolerant and hydro/hygrophilous vegetation, annual and perennial meadows, garrigues and maquis, and high maquis and woods. The main conclusions of the review are as follows: (1) plant communities established on mine environments are often rich in endemic taxa which ensure a high biodiversity and landscape value, and can help in the psychophysical health of local inhabitants; (2) political and land management should take greater account of the use of native plants for the remediation of contaminated soils; (3) a multidisciplinary approach that includes, among others, studies on biochemical response to metal(loid)s as well as the application of innovative soil amendments gives better results; (4) phytoextraction applications require a detailed recovery plan that takes into consideration several issues, including the negative influence on biodiversity due to extensive use of monotypic plantations, disposal of harvested hazardous plants, and the risk of phytoextracts entering the food chain; and (5) more studies are necessary to increase knowledge and to detect suitable species-especially halophytic ones-for phytoremediation purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mauro Fois
- Sardinian Germplasm Bank (BG-SAR), Centre for the Conservation of Biodiversity (CCB), Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, 09123 Cagliari, Italy; (M.E.B.); (L.P.); (M.P.); (G.B.)
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Kharazian P, Cappai G, Boi ME, Porceddu M, Piredda M, De Giudici G, Bacchetta G. Greenhouse investigation on the phytoremediation potential of pioneer tree Pinus halepensis Mill. in abandoned mine site. Int J Phytoremediation 2023; 26:773-783. [PMID: 37814784 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2023.2267128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
Tailings and mine dumps are often pollutant sources that pose serious environmental threats to surrounding areas. The use of pioneer vascular plants to extract or stabilize metals is considered among the more effective mine tailing reclamation techniques. The study aimed at evaluating the phytoremediation potential of Pinus halepensis in abandoned mine-tailing (SW-Sardinia, Italy). Plant ability to tolerate high Zn, Pb, and Cd concentration and their accumulation in roots and aerial parts were assessed at greenhouse conditions. Experiments were performed on 45 seedlings planted in different substrates (mine-tailings, mine-tailings compost-amended, and reference) and on 15 seedlings grown spontaneously in the contaminated mine site investigated with their own substrates. The phytostabilization potential of plant was evaluated through biological accumulation and translocation indexes together with plant survival and biometric parameters. The outcomes showed the adaptability of P. halepensis to grow and survive in contaminated substrates. Compost addition did not improve plant survival and growth, however, it enhanced total carbon and nitrogen contents of soil, restricted metal bioavailability, and accumulation in plant aerial parts. These findings highlight that P. halepensis may be considered for phytostabilization given the great potential to limit Zn, Pb, and Cd toxicity in plant tissues by applying compost amendment in metal contaminated mine sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pegah Kharazian
- Department of Chemical and Geological Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria di Monserrato-Blocco A, Monserrato, CA, Italy
- Department of Civil-Environmental Engineering and Architecture, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
- Centre for the Conservation of Biodiversity (CCB), Sardinian Germplasm Bank (BG-SAR), Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Giovanna Cappai
- Department of Civil-Environmental Engineering and Architecture, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Maria Enrica Boi
- Centre for the Conservation of Biodiversity (CCB), Sardinian Germplasm Bank (BG-SAR), Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Marco Porceddu
- Centre for the Conservation of Biodiversity (CCB), Sardinian Germplasm Bank (BG-SAR), Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Martina Piredda
- Department of Civil-Environmental Engineering and Architecture, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Giovanni De Giudici
- Department of Chemical and Geological Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria di Monserrato-Blocco A, Monserrato, CA, Italy
| | - Gianluigi Bacchetta
- Centre for the Conservation of Biodiversity (CCB), Sardinian Germplasm Bank (BG-SAR), Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
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Castangia I, Fulgheri F, Perra M, Bacchetta G, Fancello L, Corrias F, Usach I, Peris JE, Manca ML, Manconi M. A Cocktail-Based Formula for the Design of Nanosized Cosmeceuticals as Skincare and Anti-Age Products. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2023; 13:2485. [PMID: 37686993 PMCID: PMC10489923 DOI: 10.3390/nano13172485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
Nasco and Bovale grape pomace extracts, alone or in association, were loaded in nanoemulsions tailored for cosmetic application, using Kolliphor®RH40 (kolliphor) as the synthetic surfactant, Olivem®1000 (olivem) as the natural one, and lecithin as the cosurfactant. Pink transparent or milky dispersions, as a function of the used extract and surfactant, were obtained to be used as cosmeceutical serum or milk. The sizes of the nanoemulsion droplets were small (≈77 nm with kolliphor and ≈141 nm with olivem), homogenously dispersed (~0.24 with kolliphor and ~0.16 with olivem), highly negatively charged (≈-43 mV irrespective of the used surfactant) and their stability either on storage or under stressing conditions was affected by the used extract and surfactant. Formulations protected the extracts from the degradation caused by UV exposition, were biocompatible against keratinocytes, protected them against oxidative damages induced using hydrogen peroxide and inhibited the release of nitrite induced in macrophages using the lipopolysaccharide inflammatory stimulus. The overall results underlined the key role played by the composition of the formula to achieve a suitable cosmeceutical for skin care but even for the prevention of premature aging and chronic damages caused by the stressing conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ines Castangia
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, University Campus, S.P. Monserrato-Sestu Km 0.700, 09042 Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy; (I.C.); (F.F.); (G.B.); (L.F.); (F.C.); (M.M.)
| | - Federica Fulgheri
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, University Campus, S.P. Monserrato-Sestu Km 0.700, 09042 Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy; (I.C.); (F.F.); (G.B.); (L.F.); (F.C.); (M.M.)
| | - Matteo Perra
- Biomedical and Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Fundación de Investigación Hospital General Universitario, 46022 Valencia, Spain;
| | - Gianluigi Bacchetta
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, University Campus, S.P. Monserrato-Sestu Km 0.700, 09042 Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy; (I.C.); (F.F.); (G.B.); (L.F.); (F.C.); (M.M.)
| | - Laura Fancello
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, University Campus, S.P. Monserrato-Sestu Km 0.700, 09042 Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy; (I.C.); (F.F.); (G.B.); (L.F.); (F.C.); (M.M.)
| | - Francesco Corrias
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, University Campus, S.P. Monserrato-Sestu Km 0.700, 09042 Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy; (I.C.); (F.F.); (G.B.); (L.F.); (F.C.); (M.M.)
| | - Iris Usach
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology and Parasitology, University of Valencia, Burjassot, 46100 Valencia, Spain; (I.U.); (J.E.P.)
| | - Josè Esteban Peris
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology and Parasitology, University of Valencia, Burjassot, 46100 Valencia, Spain; (I.U.); (J.E.P.)
| | - Maria Letizia Manca
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, University Campus, S.P. Monserrato-Sestu Km 0.700, 09042 Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy; (I.C.); (F.F.); (G.B.); (L.F.); (F.C.); (M.M.)
| | - Maria Manconi
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, University Campus, S.P. Monserrato-Sestu Km 0.700, 09042 Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy; (I.C.); (F.F.); (G.B.); (L.F.); (F.C.); (M.M.)
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7
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Tiburtini M, Bacchetta G, Sarigu M, Cambria S, Caputo P, De Luca D, Domina G, Turini A, Peruzzi L. Integrative Taxonomy of Armeria Taxa (Plumbaginaceae) Endemic to Sardinia and Corsica. Plants (Basel) 2023; 12:plants12112229. [PMID: 37299208 DOI: 10.3390/plants12112229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Sardinia and Corsica are two Mediterranean islands where the genus Armeria is represented by 11 taxa, 10 out of which are endemic. An integrative approach, using molecular phylogeny, karyology, and seed and plant morphometry was used to resolve the complex taxonomy and systematics in this group. We found that several taxa are no longer supported by newly produced data. Accordingly, we describe a new taxonomic hypothesis that only considers five species: Armeria leucocephala and A. soleirolii, endemic to Corsica, and A. morisii, A. sardoa, and A. sulcitana, endemic to Sardinia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Tiburtini
- PLANTSEED Lab, Department of Biology, University of Pisa, Via Derna 1, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Gianluigi Bacchetta
- Centre for Conservation of Biodiversity (CCB), Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, V.le S. Ignazio da Laconi 13, 09123 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Marco Sarigu
- Centre for Conservation of Biodiversity (CCB), Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, V.le S. Ignazio da Laconi 13, 09123 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Salvatore Cambria
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, University of Catania, Via Antonino Longo 19, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Paolo Caputo
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cinthia 26, 80100 Naples, Italy
| | - Daniele De Luca
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cinthia 26, 80100 Naples, Italy
| | - Gianniantonio Domina
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Forest Sciences, University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze 4, 90128 Palermo, Italy
| | - Alessia Turini
- PLANTSEED Lab, Department of Biology, University of Pisa, Via Derna 1, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Peruzzi
- PLANTSEED Lab, Department of Biology, University of Pisa, Via Derna 1, 56126 Pisa, Italy
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8
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Calvia G, Casula P, Farris E, Fenu G, Fantini S, Bacchetta G. Shrub Cover and Soil Moisture Affect Taxus baccata L. Regeneration at Its Southern Range. Plants (Basel) 2023; 12:plants12091819. [PMID: 37176876 PMCID: PMC10181193 DOI: 10.3390/plants12091819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
The effect of key ecological and anthropic factors on the recruitment of the common yew (Taxus baccata L.) in Sardinia (Italy) has been analyzed. After bibliographic and cartographic research, followed by field surveys, we found 232 sites where yew grows in Sardinia (as opposed to 69 previously reported in the literature). Among them, we selected 40 sites, located in 14 different mountain chains, characterized by a number of individuals ranging from 11 to 836 adult yews with an average diameter at breast height (DBH) from 13 to 130 cm. By means of generalized linear modeling, we investigated and weighted the effect of ecological, structural, and anthropic factors on the amount of T. baccata recruitment. Our analyses showed that stand recruitment was positively correlated to shrub cover and soil moisture. In particular, shrub cover had a stronger effect, clearly showing that a thicker shrub layer, both bushy and/or spiny, corresponded to a higher number of yew seedlings and saplings. Secondarily, moister sites had a higher number of seedlings and saplings, showing that habitat suitability improved with higher humidity. On the contrary, recruitment was negatively correlated to browsing (both from livestock and wild animals). Our data confirm that the presence of a protective layer of shrubs is a crucial factor for seedling and sapling survival, mostly in relation to protection from summer drought and the browsing of large herbivores. Finally, guidelines for the conservation and restoration of T. baccata communities, referred to as the EU priority habitat 9580* (Mediterranean Taxus baccata woods), have been outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giacomo Calvia
- Centre for the Conservation of Biodiversity (CCB), Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Viale Sant'Ignazio da Laconi 13, 09123 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Paolo Casula
- Servizio Tecnico, Agenzia Forestas, Viale Luigi Merello 86, 09123 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Emmanuele Farris
- Department of Chemical, Physical, Mathematical and Natural Sciences, University of Sassari, Via Piandanna 4, 07100 Sassari, Italy
- NBFC, National Biodiversity Future Center, 90133 Palermo, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Fenu
- Centre for the Conservation of Biodiversity (CCB), Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Viale Sant'Ignazio da Laconi 13, 09123 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Sergio Fantini
- Centre for the Conservation of Biodiversity (CCB), Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Viale Sant'Ignazio da Laconi 13, 09123 Cagliari, Italy
- Servizio Tecnico, Agenzia Forestas, Viale Luigi Merello 86, 09123 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Gianluigi Bacchetta
- Centre for the Conservation of Biodiversity (CCB), Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Viale Sant'Ignazio da Laconi 13, 09123 Cagliari, Italy
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9
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Giacò A, De Giorgi P, Astuti G, Caputo P, Serrano M, Carballal R, Sáez L, Bacchetta G, Peruzzi L. A Morphometric Analysis of the Santolina chamaecyparissus Complex (Asteraceae). Plants (Basel) 2022; 11:3458. [PMID: 36559569 PMCID: PMC9785004 DOI: 10.3390/plants11243458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The genus Santolina (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) includes 26 species of aromatic evergreen shrubs endemic to the western Mediterranean Basin. Santolina is widely used as ornamental plant, in xerigardening, and in ethnobotany. The Santolina chamaecyparissus complex, including about half of the known species diversity, has been properly investigated on systematic and taxonomic grounds only recently, and a complete morphometric study is still missing. Here we provide a morphometric characterization and comparison of all the 14 species of this complex, using both univariate and multivariate analyses. Our results suggest that species of this complex can be distinguished using combinations of quantitative and qualitative character-states, mostly related to the leaf morphology. The analysis of S. villosa, a tetraploid/hexaploid Spanish endemic, showed that the two cytotypes cannot be safely identified based on morphology. Coupling this evidence with available phylogenetic information, we conclude that there is no reason to split the two cytotypes of S. villosa in two distinct taxa. An identification key for all the species of the complex is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Giacò
- PLANTSEED Lab, Department of Biology, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Paola De Giorgi
- PLANTSEED Lab, Department of Biology, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Giovanni Astuti
- Botanic Garden and Museum, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Paolo Caputo
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, 80100 Naples, Italy
| | - Miguel Serrano
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 A Corunha, Spain
| | - Rodrigo Carballal
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 A Corunha, Spain
| | - Llorenç Sáez
- Department BABVE, Faculty of Biosciences, Autonomous University of Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Gianluigi Bacchetta
- Centre for Conservation of Biodiversity (CCB), Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, 09123 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Peruzzi
- PLANTSEED Lab, Department of Biology, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
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10
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Bartolucci F, Domina G, Adorni M, Andreatta S, Angiolini C, Bacchetta G, Banfi E, Barberis D, Bertani G, Bonari G, Buccomino G, Calvia G, Caputo P, Cavallaro V, Conti F, Cuena-Lombraña A, D’Aleo F, D’Amico FS, De Fine G, Del Guacchio E, De Matteis Tortora M, De Santis E, Fois M, Di Pietro F, Di Pietro R, Fanfarillo E, Fiaschi T, Forte L, Galasso G, Laface VL, Lallai A, Lonati M, Longo C, Longo D, Magrini M, Mei G, Menghi L, Menini F, Morabito A, Musarella CM, Nota G, Palermo DC, Passalacqua NG, Pazienza G, Peruzzi L, Pierini B, Pinzani L, Pisani G, Polverelli L, Prosser F, Salerno G, Salerno P, Santi F, Selvaggi A, Spampinato G, Stinca A, Terzi M, Valentini F, Vitale S, Wagensommer RP, Lastrucci L. Notulae to the Italian native vascular flora: 14. IB 2022. [DOI: 10.3897/italianbotanist.14.97813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In this contribution, new data concerning the distribution of native vascular flora in Italy are presented. It includes new records, confirmations, and status changes to the Italian administrative regions. Nomenclatural and distribution updates, published elsewhere, and corrigenda are provided as Suppl. material 1.
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11
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Galasso G, Domina G, Andreatta S, Argenti C, Astuti G, Bacaro G, Bacchetta G, Bagella S, Banfi E, Barberis D, Bartolucci F, Bernardo L, Bonari G, Brundu G, Buccomino G, Calvia G, Cancellieri L, Capuano A, Celesti-Grapow L, Conti F, Cuena-Lombraña A, D’Amico FS, De Fine G, de Simone L, Del Guacchio E, Emili F, Fanfarillo E, Fascetti S, Fiaschi T, Fois M, Fortini P, Gentili R, Giardini M, Hussain AN, Iamonico D, Laface VLA, Lallai A, Lazzaro L, Lecis AP, Ligato E, Loi G, Lonati M, Lozano V, Maccherini S, Mainetti A, Mascia F, Mei G, Menini F, Merli M, Montesano A, Mugnai M, Musarella CM, Nota G, Olivieri N, Passalacqua NG, Pinzani L, Pisano A, Pittarello M, Podda L, Posillipo G, Potenza G, Probo M, Prosser F, Quaglini LA, Ravetto Enri S, Rivieccio G, Roma-Marzio F, Rosati L, Selvaggi A, Soldano A, Stinca A, Tasinazzo S, Tassone S, Terzi M, Vallariello R, Vangelisti R, Verloove F, Lastrucci L. Notulae to the Italian alien vascular flora: 14. IB 2022. [DOI: 10.3897/italianbotanist.14.97758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In this contribution, new data concerning the distribution of vascular flora alien to Italy are presented. It includes new records, confirmations, and status changes for Italy or for Italian administrative regions. Nomenclatural and distribution updates, published elsewhere, and corrections are provided as Suppl. material 1.
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12
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Kharazian P, Fernández-Ondoño E, Jiménez MN, Sierra Aragón M, Aguirre-Arcos A, Bacchetta G, Cappai G, De Giudici G. Pinus halepensis in Contaminated Mining Sites: Study of the Transfer of Metals in the Plant-Soil System Using the BCR Procedure. Toxics 2022; 10:728. [PMID: 36548561 PMCID: PMC9785362 DOI: 10.3390/toxics10120728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The study aimed at evaluating the geochemical fractions of Zn, Pb, Cd and their bioavailability in soil in-depth and around the root of Pinus halepensis grown on heavily contaminated mine tailing in south-western Sardinia, Italy. The contaminated substrates were partly investigated in a previous study and are composed of pyrite, dolomite, calcite, quartz, gypsum, barite, iron-sulfate and iron-oxide. The geochemical fractions and bioavailability of Zn, Pb and Cd were measured through the BCR extractions method. Cadmium in the superficial contaminated substrates was mainly found in the exchangeable BCR fraction. Zinc and lead were often found in the residual BCR fraction. PCA confirmed that the uppermost alkaline-calcareous layers of mine waste were different with respect to the deeper acidic layers. We demonstrated that Pb and Zn were less present in the exchangeable form around the roots of P. halepensis and in soil depth. This can be due to uptake or other beneficial effect of rhizospheres interaction processes. Further studies will shed light to confirm if P. halepensis is a good candidate to apply phytostabilization in mine tailing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pegah Kharazian
- Department of Chemical and Geological Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria di Monserrato-Blocco A, 09042 Monserrato CA, Italy
- Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Granada, C/Severo Ochoa, s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Emilia Fernández-Ondoño
- Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Granada, C/Severo Ochoa, s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - María Noelia Jiménez
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Campus de Cartuja s/n, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Manuel Sierra Aragón
- Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Granada, C/Severo Ochoa, s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Antonio Aguirre-Arcos
- Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Granada, C/Severo Ochoa, s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Gianluigi Bacchetta
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Centre for the Conservation of Biodiversity (CCB), University of Cagliari, Viale Sant’Ignazio da Laconi 11-13, 09123 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Giovanna Cappai
- Department of Civil-Environmental Engineering and Architecture, University of Cagliari, Piazza d’Armi 1, 09123 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Giovanni De Giudici
- Department of Chemical and Geological Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria di Monserrato-Blocco A, 09042 Monserrato CA, Italy
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13
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De Castro O, Bacchetta G, Brullo S, Del Guacchio E, Di Iorio E, Piazza C, Caputo P. Variability and Nativeness in the Mediterranean Taxa: Divergence and Phylogeography of Genista etnensis (Fabaceae) Inferred from Nuclear and Plastid Data. Plants (Basel) 2022; 11:3171. [PMID: 36432900 PMCID: PMC9698455 DOI: 10.3390/plants11223171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Genista etnensis is a remarkable and well-known tree endemic to Sicily, Sardinia, and Corsica (Mediterranean Basin). Nevertheless, its morphological variability and its native status throughout its range need to be further investigated. In this study, we aim to clarify some aspects of this infraspecific variability by molecular means. Sequences of one nuclear and five plastid markers were analyzed under maximum parsimony by using TCS software. Plastid data were also time-calibrated under a Bayesian Inference framework. Plastid data revealed strong isolation between the populations from the Cyrno-Sardinian biogeographical province, which are also the most diverse and presumably the most archaic, and those from Sicily and Southern Italy (in this latter area, the species is naturalized). The calibration analysis indicates that the last common ancestor between G. etnensis and its sister group G. fasselata dates back to the middle Pliocene or slightly later, when sclerophyllous Mediterranean vegetation spread, whereas G. etnensis itself might have originated in the middle Pleistocene. The current, rather unusual distribution of G. etnensis could be explained by long-range seed dispersal from the western part of the range or by anthropogenic introduction into Sicily, with extinctions of transported haplotypes in the region of origin. Interestingly, the Vesuvius population, introduced from Sicily in recent times and locally naturalized, shows private genotypes, and was richer in both genotypes and haplotypes than the Sicilian ones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga De Castro
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Botanical Garden, Via Foria 223, 80139 Naples, Italy
| | - Gianluigi Bacchetta
- Department of Life and Environmental Science, Conservation and Biodiversity Center (CCB), University of Cagliari, V.le Sant’ Ignazio da Laconi, 11-13, 09123 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Salvatore Brullo
- Department Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, University of Catania, Via Antonino Longo 19, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Emanuele Del Guacchio
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Botanical Garden, Via Foria 223, 80139 Naples, Italy
| | - Emanuela Di Iorio
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Botanical Garden, Via Foria 223, 80139 Naples, Italy
| | - Carole Piazza
- National Botanical Conservatory of Corsica, Office of the Environment of Corsica, Avenue Jean Nicoli, 14, 20250 Corte, France
| | - Paolo Caputo
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Botanical Garden, Via Foria 223, 80139 Naples, Italy
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14
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Perra M, Bacchetta G, Muntoni A, De Gioannis G, Castangia I, Rajha HN, Manca ML, Manconi M. An outlook on modern and sustainable approaches to the management of grape pomace by integrating green processes, biotechnologies and advanced biomedical approaches. J Funct Foods 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2022.105276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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15
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Boi ME, Sanna Angotzi M, Porceddu M, Musu E, Mameli V, Bacchetta G, Cannas C. Germination and early seedling development of Helichrysum microphyllum Cambess. subsp. tyrrhenicum Bacch., Brullo & Giusso in the presence of arsenates and arsenites. Heliyon 2022; 8:e10693. [PMID: 36177222 PMCID: PMC9513622 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e10693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Arsenate, As(V), and arsenite, As(III), are the most available arsenicals present in the soil solutions, in particular in mine polluted substrates, and cause several symptoms of toxicity in plants (like inhibition of seed germination and reduction of seedling development). For these reasons, seeds germination studies are essential for the design of phytoremediation activities of mine sites. Seed germination and seedling development of Helichrysum microphyllum subsp. tyrrhenicum, were evaluated at 15 °C using various concentrations of As(V) and As(III) (0–500 mg/L and 0–200 mg/L, respectively). Seeds were harvested (I) into a mine dump contaminated in As, (II) nearby this site, and (III) faraway the As contaminated area and without mine activities. Seed germination, cotyledons emergence, and seedling mortality were evaluated for 90 days. As(V) and As(III) acted differently, showing a much higher toxicity when arsenite was added than arsenate. The taxon was able to germinate, develop cotyledons, and survive under all arsenate concentrations, whereas arsenite acted on these steps already at 2.5 mg/L. Moreover, a linear decrease in cotyledons emergence was assessed with the increase of both arsenicals’ concentrations, as well as a linear decrease of seedling survival under arsenite. The taxon showed great adaptability to As pollution, giving an important contribution in phytoremediation of mining sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Enrica Boi
- Department of Chemical and Geological Sciences, University of Cagliari, S. S. 554 Bivio per Sestu, 09042 Monserrato, CA, Italy.,Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Centre for Conservation of Biodiversity (CCB), University of Cagliari, Viale Sant'Ignazio da Laconi 13, 09123 Cagliari, Italy.,Sardinian Germplasm Bank (BG-SAR), Hortus Botanicus Karalitanus (HBK), University of Cagliari, Viale Sant'Ignazio da Laconi, 9-11, 09123 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Marco Sanna Angotzi
- Department of Chemical and Geological Sciences, University of Cagliari, S. S. 554 Bivio per Sestu, 09042 Monserrato, CA, Italy.,Consorzio Interuniversitario Nazionale per la Scienza e Tecnologia dei Materiali (INSTM), Via Giuseppe Giusti 9, 50121 Firenze, FI, Italy
| | - Marco Porceddu
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Centre for Conservation of Biodiversity (CCB), University of Cagliari, Viale Sant'Ignazio da Laconi 13, 09123 Cagliari, Italy.,Sardinian Germplasm Bank (BG-SAR), Hortus Botanicus Karalitanus (HBK), University of Cagliari, Viale Sant'Ignazio da Laconi, 9-11, 09123 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Elodia Musu
- Department of Chemical and Geological Sciences, University of Cagliari, S. S. 554 Bivio per Sestu, 09042 Monserrato, CA, Italy.,Consorzio Ausi, Palazzo Bellavista, 09016 Monteponi Iglesias, CI, Italy
| | - Valentina Mameli
- Department of Chemical and Geological Sciences, University of Cagliari, S. S. 554 Bivio per Sestu, 09042 Monserrato, CA, Italy.,Consorzio Interuniversitario Nazionale per la Scienza e Tecnologia dei Materiali (INSTM), Via Giuseppe Giusti 9, 50121 Firenze, FI, Italy
| | - Gianluigi Bacchetta
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Centre for Conservation of Biodiversity (CCB), University of Cagliari, Viale Sant'Ignazio da Laconi 13, 09123 Cagliari, Italy.,Sardinian Germplasm Bank (BG-SAR), Hortus Botanicus Karalitanus (HBK), University of Cagliari, Viale Sant'Ignazio da Laconi, 9-11, 09123 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Carla Cannas
- Department of Chemical and Geological Sciences, University of Cagliari, S. S. 554 Bivio per Sestu, 09042 Monserrato, CA, Italy.,Consorzio Interuniversitario Nazionale per la Scienza e Tecnologia dei Materiali (INSTM), Via Giuseppe Giusti 9, 50121 Firenze, FI, Italy
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16
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Del Vecchio S, Sharma SK, Pavan M, Acosta ATR, Bacchetta G, de Bello F, Isermann M, Michalet R, Buffa G. Within-species variation of seed traits of dune engineering species across a European climatic gradient. Front Plant Sci 2022; 13:978205. [PMID: 36035686 PMCID: PMC9403325 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.978205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Within-species variation is a key component of biodiversity and linking it to climatic gradients may significantly improve our understanding of ecological processes. High variability can be expected in plant traits, but it is unclear to which extent it varies across populations under different climatic conditions. Here, we investigated seed trait variability and its environmental dependency across a latitudinal gradient of two widely distributed dune-engineering species (Thinopyrum junceum and Calamagrostis arenaria). Seed germination responses against temperature and seed mass were compared within and among six populations exposed to a gradient of temperature and precipitation regimes (Spiekeroog, DE; Bordeaux, FR; Valencia, ES; Cagliari, IT, Rome, IT; Venice, IT). Seed germination showed opposite trends in response to temperature experienced during emergence in both species: with some expectation, in populations exposed to severe winters, seed germination was warm-cued, whereas in populations from warm sites with dry summer, seed germination was cold-cued. In C. arenaria, variability in seed germination responses disappeared once the seed coat was incised. Seed mass from sites with low precipitation was smaller than that from sites with higher precipitation and was better explained by rainfall continentality than by aridity in summer. Within-population variability in seed germination accounted for 5 to 54%, while for seed mass it was lower than 40%. Seed trait variability can be considerable both within- and among-populations even at broad spatial scale. The variability may be hardly predictable since it only partially correlated with the analyzed climatic variables, and with expectation based on the climatic features of the seed site of origin. Considering seed traits variability in the analysis of ecological processes at both within- and among-population levels may help elucidate unclear patterns of species dynamics, thereby contributing to plan adequate measures to counteract biodiversity loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Del Vecchio
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatics and Statistics, Ca’ Foscari University of Venice, Venice, Italy
| | - Shivam Kumar Sharma
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatics and Statistics, Ca’ Foscari University of Venice, Venice, Italy
- School of Environmental Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | - Mario Pavan
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatics and Statistics, Ca’ Foscari University of Venice, Venice, Italy
| | | | - Gianluigi Bacchetta
- Sardinian Germplasm Bank (BG-SAR), Hortus Botanicus Karalitanus (HBK), University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Francesco de Bello
- Centro de Investigaciones sobre Desertificación (CSIC-UV-GV), Valencia, Spain
| | - Maike Isermann
- Lower Saxon Wadden Sea National Park Authority, Wilhelmshaven, Germany
| | | | - Gabriella Buffa
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatics and Statistics, Ca’ Foscari University of Venice, Venice, Italy
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Galasso G, Domina G, Angiolini C, Azzaro D, Bacchetta G, Banfi E, Barberis D, Barone G, Bartolucci F, Bertolli A, Bolpagni R, Bonari G, Bracchetti L, Calvia G, Campus G, Cancellieri L, Cavallaro V, Conti F, Cuena-Lombraña A, D’Alessandro E, Dal Corso G, Dalla Vecchia A, De Natale A, Del Guacchio E, Di Gregorio G, Di Gristina E, Di Stefano M, Fanfarillo E, Federici A, Federici G, Ferretti G, Festi F, Fiaschi T, Filibeck G, Fois M, Gariboldi L, Gestri G, Gubellini L, Guiggi A, Hofmann N, Laface VL, Lallai A, Lazzeri V, Lecis AP, Lonati M, Lucchese F, Lupoletti J, Maestri S, Mainetti A, Mantino F, Mascia F, Masin RR, Mei G, Merli M, Messina A, Musarella CM, Nota G, Olivieri N, Paura B, Pellegrini R, Pica A, Pittarello M, Podda L, Praleskouskaya S, Prosser F, Ratini G, Ravetto Enri S, Roma-Marzio F, Salerno G, Selvaggi A, Soldano A, Spampinato G, Stinca A, Tardella FM, Tavilla G, Tomaselli V, Tomasi G, Tosetto L, Venanzoni R, Lastrucci L. Notulae to the Italian alien vascular flora: 13. IB 2022. [DOI: 10.3897/italianbotanist.13.85863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In this contribution, new data concerning the distribution of vascular flora alien to Italy are presented. It includes new records, confirmations, exclusions, and status changes for Italy or for Italian administrative regions. Nomenclatural and distribution updates published elsewhere are provided as Suppl. material 1.
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Sáez L, Mesbah M, López-Alvarado J, Bacchetta G, El Mokni R, Peruzzi L, Oxelman B. Re-establishment of Sileneneglecta Ten. (Caryophyllaceae) with taxonomic notes on some related taxa. PhytoKeys 2022; 195:143-160. [PMID: 36761355 PMCID: PMC9848993 DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.195.81370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Sileneneglecta has been misunderstood and confused with S.nocturna, although several morphological characters (petal shape, calyx indumentum, hairiness of stamen filaments, seed size, seed-coat surface and shape) allow separation of these species. Moreover, S.mutabilis (which has been considered conspecific with S.neglecta) and S.martinolii (an alleged endemic species to south-western Sardinia) are considered here as taxonomic synonyms of S.nocturna and S.neglecta, respectively. These taxonomic conclusions are strongly supported by multivariate morphometric analyses of 21 characters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Llorenç Sáez
- Systematics and Evolution of Vascular Plants (UAB) – Associated Unit to CSIC, Dept. BABVE, Autonomous University of Barcelona, ES08193 Bellaterra, SpainAutonomous University of BarcelonaBellaterraSpain
| | - Melilia Mesbah
- Gothenburg Global Biodiversity Centre, Box 461, 405 30 Gothenburg, SwedenGothenburg Global Biodiversity CentreGothenburgSweden
- Laboratory of Ecology and Environment, Faculty of Natural and Life Sciences, University of Bejaia, 06000 Bejaia, AlgeriaUniversity of BejaiaBejaiaAlgeria
| | - Javier López-Alvarado
- Systematics and Evolution of Vascular Plants (UAB) – Associated Unit to CSIC, Dept. BABVE, Autonomous University of Barcelona, ES08193 Bellaterra, SpainAutonomous University of BarcelonaBellaterraSpain
| | - Gianluigi Bacchetta
- Centre for Conservation of Biodiversity (CCB), Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, ItalyUniversity of CagliariCagliariItaly
| | - Ridha El Mokni
- University of Monastir, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences ‘A’, Laboratory of Botany, Cryptogamy and Plant Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy of Monastir, av. Avicenna, TN-5000 Monastir, TunisiaUniversity of MonastirMonastirTunisia
| | - Lorenzo Peruzzi
- Department of Biology, University of Pisa, Pisa, ItalyUniversity of PisaPisaItaly
| | - Bengt Oxelman
- Gothenburg Global Biodiversity Centre, Box 461, 405 30 Gothenburg, SwedenGothenburg Global Biodiversity CentreGothenburgSweden
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Carl Skottsbergs Gata 22 B, 413 19 Gothenburg, SwedenUniversity of GothenburgGothenburgSweden
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Sarigu M, Sabato D, Ucchesu M, Loi MC, Bosi G, Grillo O, Torres SB, Bacchetta G. Discovering Plum, Watermelon and Grape Cultivars Founded in a Middle Age Site of Sassari (Sardinia, Italy) through a Computer Image Analysis Approach. Plants 2022; 11:plants11081089. [PMID: 35448816 PMCID: PMC9030421 DOI: 10.3390/plants11081089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The discovery of several waterlogged plant remains in a Middle Ages context (1330–1360 AD) in Sassari (NS, Sardinia, Italy) enabled the characterisation of archaeological plum fruit stones and watermelon and grape seeds through computer image analysis. Digital seed/endocarp images were acquired by a flatbed scanner and processed and analysed by applying computerised image analysis techniques. The morphometric data were statistically elaborated using stepwise linear discriminant analysis (LDA), allowing comparisons among archaeological remains, wild populations and autochthonous cultivars. Archaeological samples of plum were compared with 21 autochthonous cultivars of Prunus domestica from Sardinia, while archaeological watermelon seeds were compared with 36 seed lots of Citrullus from Europe, Africa and Asia. Moreover, archaeological grape seeds were compared with 51 autochthonous traditional cultivars of Vitis vinifera subsp. vinifera from Sardinia, 16 cultivars from Tuscany, six cultivars from Liguria, and eight cultivars from Catalonia (Spain). Archaeological plum remains showed morphological affinity with five cultivars of Sardinia. Seed features of the archaeological watermelon remains demonstrated affiliation with a proper sweet dessert watermelon, Citrullus lanatus, and similarity with some Sardinian cultivars. Regarding the archaeological remains of grape, morphometric comparisons showed a high similarity with autochthonous cultivars from Catalonia and Liguria. This study provides new information about ancient fruit cultivated and consumed during the Middle Ages in Sardinia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Sarigu
- Centro Conservazione Biodiversità (CCB), Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell’Ambiente (DISVA), Università degli Studi di Cagliari, Viale Sant’Ignazio da Laconi, 13, 09123 Cagliari, Italy; (M.S.); (M.C.L.); (O.G.); (G.B.)
| | - Diego Sabato
- Departament de Prehistòria i Arqueologia, Facultat de Geografía i Historia, Universitat de València, Av. Blasco Ibáñez, 28, 46010 Valencia, Spain;
| | - Mariano Ucchesu
- Institut des Sciences de l’Évolution (ISEM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Université Montpellier, UMR 5554, CEDEX 05, 34095 Montpellier, France
- Correspondence:
| | - Maria Cecilia Loi
- Centro Conservazione Biodiversità (CCB), Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell’Ambiente (DISVA), Università degli Studi di Cagliari, Viale Sant’Ignazio da Laconi, 13, 09123 Cagliari, Italy; (M.S.); (M.C.L.); (O.G.); (G.B.)
| | - Giovanna Bosi
- Laboratorio di Palinologia e Paleobotanica, Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita, Università di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Via Campi, 287, 41125 Modena, Italy;
| | - Oscar Grillo
- Centro Conservazione Biodiversità (CCB), Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell’Ambiente (DISVA), Università degli Studi di Cagliari, Viale Sant’Ignazio da Laconi, 13, 09123 Cagliari, Italy; (M.S.); (M.C.L.); (O.G.); (G.B.)
| | - Salvador Barros Torres
- Laboratório de Análise de Sementes, Departamento de Ciências Agronômicas e Florestais, Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido (UFERSA), Av. Francisco Mota, Bairro Costa e Silva, 572, Mossoró 59625-900 , Brazil;
| | - Gianluigi Bacchetta
- Centro Conservazione Biodiversità (CCB), Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell’Ambiente (DISVA), Università degli Studi di Cagliari, Viale Sant’Ignazio da Laconi, 13, 09123 Cagliari, Italy; (M.S.); (M.C.L.); (O.G.); (G.B.)
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Martín-Gómez JJ, Porceddu M, Bacchetta G, Cervantes E. Seed Morphology in Species from the Silene mollissima Aggregate (Caryophyllaceae) by Comparison with Geometric Models. Plants (Basel) 2022; 11:plants11070901. [PMID: 35406881 PMCID: PMC9002821 DOI: 10.3390/plants11070901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
The description of seed shape by comparison with geometric models allows shape quantification, providing the means for an accurate comparison between different species or populations. Geometric models described for the lateral and dorsal views of the seeds of Silene species are applied to the quantification of the shape in the seeds belonging to twenty populations of the eleven taxa of S. mollissima aggregate. Cardioid models LM1, LM5 and LM6 adjust differentially to the lateral views of the seeds, while models DM1, DM5 and DM6 are applied to the dorsal views of the seeds. Quantification of the lateral view of seeds with LM5 results in two groups of species of different geographic origin. The seeds more resembling DM5 include S. andryalifolia, S. badaroi, S. gazulensis, S. hifacensis and S. tomentosa, i.e., the taxa with a continental distribution from southern Spain to northern Italy; in contrast, the group of seeds with lower similarity to DM5 includes those from species in northern Africa and the Mediterranean Tyrrhenian islands: S. auricolifolia, S. hicesiae, S. ichnusae, S. mollissima, S. oenotriae and S. velutina. The description of the seed shape based on geometric models contributes to investigating the relationships between related species and constitutes a promising technique for taxonomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Javier Martín-Gómez
- Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología del Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IRNASA-CSIC), Cordel de Merinas 40, E-37008 Salamanca, Spain; (J.J.M.-G.); (E.C.)
| | - Marco Porceddu
- Sardinian Germplasm Bank (BG-SAR), Hortus Botanicus Karalitanus (HBK), University of Cagliari (UNICA), Viale Sant’Ignazio da Laconi 9-11, 09123 Cagliari, Italy;
- Centre for the Conservation of Biodiversity (CCB), Life and Environmental Sciences Department, University of Cagliari (UNICA), Viale Sant’Ignazio da Laconi 11-13, 09123 Cagliari, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Gianluigi Bacchetta
- Sardinian Germplasm Bank (BG-SAR), Hortus Botanicus Karalitanus (HBK), University of Cagliari (UNICA), Viale Sant’Ignazio da Laconi 9-11, 09123 Cagliari, Italy;
- Centre for the Conservation of Biodiversity (CCB), Life and Environmental Sciences Department, University of Cagliari (UNICA), Viale Sant’Ignazio da Laconi 11-13, 09123 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Emilio Cervantes
- Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología del Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IRNASA-CSIC), Cordel de Merinas 40, E-37008 Salamanca, Spain; (J.J.M.-G.); (E.C.)
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21
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Fois M, Farris E, Calvia G, Campus G, Fenu G, Porceddu M, Bacchetta G. The Endemic Vascular Flora of Sardinia: A Dynamic Checklist with an Overview of Biogeography and Conservation Status. Plants (Basel) 2022; 11:plants11050601. [PMID: 35270071 PMCID: PMC8912449 DOI: 10.3390/plants11050601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The vascular flora of Sardinia has been investigated for more than 250 years, with particular attention to the endemic component due to their phylogeographic and conservation interest. However, continuous changes in the floristic composition through natural processes, anthropogenic drivers or modified taxonomical attributions require constant updating. We checked all available literature, web sources, field, and unpublished data from the authors and acknowledged external experts to compile an updated checklist of vascular plants endemic to Sardinia. Life and chorological forms as well as the conservation status of the updated taxa list were reported. Sardinia hosts 341 taxa (15% of the total native flora) endemic to the Tyrrhenian Islands and other limited continental territories; 195 of these (8% of the total native flora) are exclusive to Sardinia. Asteraceae (50 taxa) and Plumbaginaceae (42 taxa) are the most representative families, while the most frequent life forms are hemicryptophytes (118 taxa) and chamaephytes (106 taxa). The global conservation status, available for 201 taxa, indicates that most endemics are under the 'Critically Endangered' (25 taxa), 'Endangered' (31 taxa), or 'Least Concern' (90 taxa) IUCN categories. This research provides an updated basis for future biosystematics, taxonomic, biogeographical, and ecological studies and in supporting more integrated and efficient policy tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauro Fois
- Centre for the Conservation of Biodiversity (CCB), Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Viale S. Ignazio da Laconi 11-13, 09123 Cagliari, Italy; (M.F.); (G.C.); (G.F.); (M.P.); (G.B.)
| | - Emmanuele Farris
- Department of Chemistry and Farmacy, University of Sassari, Via Piandanna 4, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Giacomo Calvia
- Centre for the Conservation of Biodiversity (CCB), Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Viale S. Ignazio da Laconi 11-13, 09123 Cagliari, Italy; (M.F.); (G.C.); (G.F.); (M.P.); (G.B.)
| | - Giuliano Campus
- Independent Researcher, Via G. Rossini 69, 09045 Quartu Sant’Elena, Italy;
| | - Giuseppe Fenu
- Centre for the Conservation of Biodiversity (CCB), Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Viale S. Ignazio da Laconi 11-13, 09123 Cagliari, Italy; (M.F.); (G.C.); (G.F.); (M.P.); (G.B.)
| | - Marco Porceddu
- Centre for the Conservation of Biodiversity (CCB), Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Viale S. Ignazio da Laconi 11-13, 09123 Cagliari, Italy; (M.F.); (G.C.); (G.F.); (M.P.); (G.B.)
- Sardinian Germplasm Bank (BG-SAR), Hortus Botanicus Karalitanus (HBK), University of Cagliari, Viale S. Ignazio da Laconi, 9-11, 09123 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Gianluigi Bacchetta
- Centre for the Conservation of Biodiversity (CCB), Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Viale S. Ignazio da Laconi 11-13, 09123 Cagliari, Italy; (M.F.); (G.C.); (G.F.); (M.P.); (G.B.)
- Sardinian Germplasm Bank (BG-SAR), Hortus Botanicus Karalitanus (HBK), University of Cagliari, Viale S. Ignazio da Laconi, 9-11, 09123 Cagliari, Italy
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Domina G, Astuti G, Bacchetta G, Barone G, Rešetnik I, Terlevic A, Thiébaut M, Peruzzi L. Typification of 14 names in the Dianthusvirgineus group (Caryophyllaceae). PhytoKeys 2021; 187:1-14. [PMID: 35002363 PMCID: PMC8688405 DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.187.75534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The nomenclature of 14 taxa from Central and Southern Europe within the Dianthusvirgineus group is discussed. Dianthusaggericola Jord., D.collivagus Jord., D.consimilis Jord., D.orophilus Jord., D.saxicola Jord., D.juratensis Jord. are here lectotypified by specimens from the Jordan herbarium in LY, while D.godronianus Jord. by a specimen in P. Dianthussubacaulis Vill. is neotypified by a specimen collected on Mont Ventoux (S. France) and housed in MPU. For D.sylvestris Wulfen, a lectotype is here designated and its previous neotypification is discussed. Dianthuscaryophyllusvar.tenuifolius Moris, D.caryophyllusf.minor Moris and D.sylvestrisvar.garganicus Ten. are lectotypified by specimens housed in herbarium Moris (TO) and herbarium Tenore (K). Dianthusvirgineusvar.tergestinus Rchb. is lectotypified by a drawing from the Icones florae Germanicae & Helveticae, while D.contractusvar.evolutus Lojac. is neotypified by a specimen in P. For each taxon the currently accepted name is provided including new synonymies. The type indication is followed by nomenclatural and taxonomic notes, in which the original material found is commented and the reasons for the identification of the types are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianniantonio Domina
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Forest Sciences, University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze ed. 4, I-90128 Palermo, ItalyUniversity of PalermoPalermoItaly
| | - Giovanni Astuti
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Unità di Botanica, Università di Pisa, Via Derna 1, 56126, Pisa, ItalyUniversità di PisaPisaItaly
| | - Gianluigi Bacchetta
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell’Ambiente, Centro Conservazione Biodiversità (CCB), Università di Cagliari, V.le S. Ignazio da Laconi 13, 09123, Cagliari, ItalyUniversità di CagliariCagliariItaly
| | - Giulio Barone
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Forest Sciences, University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze ed. 4, I-90128 Palermo, ItalyUniversity of PalermoPalermoItaly
| | - Ivana Rešetnik
- Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, University of Zagreb, Marulićev trg 20/II, 10000, Zagreb, CroatiaUniversity of ZagrebZagrebCroatia
| | - Ana Terlevic
- Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, University of Zagreb, Marulićev trg 20/II, 10000, Zagreb, CroatiaUniversity of ZagrebZagrebCroatia
| | - Melanie Thiébaut
- Herbier de l’Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, FR-CERESE, UMR 5023 LEHNA, Lyon, FranceUniversité Claude BernardLyonFrance
| | - Lorenzo Peruzzi
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Unità di Botanica, Università di Pisa, Via Derna 1, 56126, Pisa, ItalyUniversità di PisaPisaItaly
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Galasso G, Domina G, Angiolini C, Bacchetta G, Banfi E, Barberis D, Bardi S, Bartolucci F, Bonari G, Bovio M, Briozzo I, Brundu G, Buono S, Calvia G, Celesti-Grapow L, Cozzolino A, Cuena-Lombraña A, Curuzzi M, D’Amico FS, Dagnino D, De Fine G, Fanfarillo E, Federici A, Ferraris P, Fiacchini D, Fiaschi T, Fois M, Gubellini L, Guidotti E, Hofmann N, Kindermann E, Laface VL, Lallai A, Lanfredini P, Lazzaro L, Lazzeri V, Lonati M, Loreti M, Lozano V, Magrini S, Mainetti A, Marchini M, Marignani M, Martignoni M, Mei G, Minutillo F, Mondino GP, Motti R, Musarella CM, Nota G, Olivieri N, Pallanza M, Passalacqua NG, Patera G, Pilon N, Pinzani L, Pittarello M, Podda L, Probo M, Enri SR, Rosati L, Salerno P, Selvaggi A, Soldano A, Cocco GS, Spampinato G, Stinca A, Terzi M, Tondi G, Turcato C, Wellstein C, Lastrucci L. Notulae to the Italian alien vascular flora: 12. IB 2021. [DOI: 10.3897/italianbotanist.12.78010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In this contribution, new data concerning the distribution of vascular flora alien to Italy are presented. It includes new records, confirmations, exclusions, and status changes for Italy or for Italian administrative regions. Nomenclatural and distribution updates published elsewhere are provided as Suppl. material 1.
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Allaw M, Manconi M, Caboni P, Bacchetta G, Escribano-Ferrer E, Peris JE, Nacher A, Diez-Sales O, Manca ML. Formulation of liposomes loading lentisk oil to ameliorate topical delivery, attenuate oxidative stress damage and improve cell migration in scratch assay. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 144:112351. [PMID: 34794231 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 10/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Pistacia lentiscus L. is a sclerophyllous shrub capable of growing under harsh climatic conditions especially in the Mediterranean Basin. Different products can be obtained from this plant, such as essential oil, mastic gum or even fixed oil. The last is well known for its flavor which is mainly exploited in the food industry. Additionally, it has been traditionally used in the treatment of skin diseases, but, at the moment, any suitable formulation for skin delivery has been formulated and its biological effects was not deeply confirmed. Given that, in the present study, the lentisk oil has been formulated in liposomes at different concentrations (10, 20, 30 mg/ml) and their physicochemical, technological and main biological properties have been evaluated. Vesicles were prepared by using natural soy lecithin and a green and organic solvent free method, thus obtaining spherical, small (~ 118 nm), homogeneously dispersed (0.27) and highly negatively charged (~ -62 mV) vesicles. The used amount of oil loaded in liposomes (10, 20, 30 mg/ml) modulated the penetration ability of vesicles in the skin, favoring the deposition of the payload in the deeper strata. The loading in the vesicles potentiated the ability of oil to counteract the damaging effects caused by hydrogen peroxide in keratinocytes and fibroblasts and facilitate their migration in a cell monolayer lesion. Overall findings suggested that the incorporation of lentisk oil in liposomes made from soy lecithin can be an alternative and natural approach to exploit it in pharmaceutical ad cosmetical applications and manufacturing natural products suitable for the treatment of skin lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamad Allaw
- Department Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, University of Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Maria Manconi
- Department Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, University of Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy.
| | - Pierluigi Caboni
- Department Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, University of Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Gianluigi Bacchetta
- Department Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, University of Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Elvira Escribano-Ferrer
- Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics Unit, Institute for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josè Esteban Peris
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology and Parasitology, University of Valencia, Burjassot, Valencia 46100, Spain
| | - Amparo Nacher
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology and Parasitology, University of Valencia, Burjassot, Valencia 46100, Spain; Instituto Interuniversitario de Investigación de Reconocimiento Molecular y Desarrollo Tecnológico (IDM), Universitat Politècnica de València, Universitat de València, Av. Vicent Andrés Estellés s/n, 46100 Burjassot, Valencia, Spain
| | - Octavio Diez-Sales
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology and Parasitology, University of Valencia, Burjassot, Valencia 46100, Spain; Instituto Interuniversitario de Investigación de Reconocimiento Molecular y Desarrollo Tecnológico (IDM), Universitat Politècnica de València, Universitat de València, Av. Vicent Andrés Estellés s/n, 46100 Burjassot, Valencia, Spain
| | - Maria Letizia Manca
- Department Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, University of Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy
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Bartolucci F, Domina G, Argenti C, Bacchetta G, Ballelli S, Banfi E, Barberis D, Barberis G, Bertolli A, Bolpagni R, Bonari G, Bonini F, Briozzo I, Brundu G, Bruschi T, Calbi M, Callegari M, Calvia G, Campoccia D, Cancellieri L, Cangelmi G, Carfagno S, Carruggio F, Casazza G, Cavallaro V, Cherchi S, Ciocia B, Conti F, Crisafulli A, Dagnino D, Vecchia AD, De Fine G, Del Nero V, Di Filippo A, Dunkel FG, Festi F, Filibeck G, Fois M, Forte L, Fratolin F, Galasso G, Gigante D, Gottschlich G, Gubellini L, Hofmann N, Jiménez-Mejías P, Laface VLA, Lonati M, Lozano V, Mainetti A, Mariotti M, Mei G, Minutillo F, Minuto L, Musarella CM, Nota G, Orsenigo S, Pallanza M, Passalacqua NG, Pazienza G, Pinzani L, Pittarello M, Podda L, Prosser F, Enri SR, Riva G, Santi F, Scoppola A, Selvaggi A, Selvi F, Spampinato G, Stinca A, Tomaselli V, Tomasi G, Tondi G, Turcato C, Wilhalm T, Lastrucci L. Notulae to the Italian native vascular flora: 12. IB 2021. [DOI: 10.3897/italianbotanist.12.78038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In this contribution, new data concerning the distribution of native vascular flora in Italy are presented. It includes new records, confirmations, exclusions, and status changes to the Italian administrative regions. Nomenclatural and distribution updates, published elsewhere, and corrigenda are provided as Suppl. material 1.
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Grace MK, Akçakaya HR, Bennett EL, Brooks TM, Heath A, Hedges S, Hilton-Taylor C, Hoffmann M, Hochkirch A, Jenkins R, Keith DA, Long B, Mallon DP, Meijaard E, Milner-Gulland EJ, Rodriguez JP, Stephenson PJ, Stuart SN, Young RP, Acebes P, Alfaro-Shigueto J, Alvarez-Clare S, Andriantsimanarilafy RR, Arbetman M, Azat C, Bacchetta G, Badola R, Barcelos LMD, Barreiros JP, Basak S, Berger DJ, Bhattacharyya S, Bino G, Borges PAV, Boughton RK, Brockmann HJ, Buckley HL, Burfield IJ, Burton J, Camacho-Badani T, Cano-Alonso LS, Carmichael RH, Carrero C, Carroll JP, Catsadorakis G, Chapple DG, Chapron G, Chowdhury GW, Claassens L, Cogoni D, Constantine R, Craig CA, Cunningham AA, Dahal N, Daltry JC, Das GC, Dasgupta N, Davey A, Davies K, Develey P, Elangovan V, Fairclough D, Febbraro MD, Fenu G, Fernandes FM, Fernandez EP, Finucci B, Földesi R, Foley CM, Ford M, Forstner MRJ, García N, Garcia-Sandoval R, Gardner PC, Garibay-Orijel R, Gatan-Balbas M, Gauto I, Ghazi MGU, Godfrey SS, Gollock M, González BA, Grant TD, Gray T, Gregory AJ, van Grunsven RHA, Gryzenhout M, Guernsey NC, Gupta G, Hagen C, Hagen CA, Hall MB, Hallerman E, Hare K, Hart T, Hartdegen R, Harvey-Brown Y, Hatfield R, Hawke T, Hermes C, Hitchmough R, Hoffmann PM, Howarth C, Hudson MA, Hussain SA, Huveneers C, Jacques H, Jorgensen D, Katdare S, Katsis LKD, Kaul R, Kaunda-Arara B, Keith-Diagne L, Kraus DT, de Lima TM, Lindeman K, Linsky J, Louis E, Loy A, Lughadha EN, Mangel JC, Marinari PE, Martin GM, Martinelli G, McGowan PJK, McInnes A, Teles Barbosa Mendes E, Millard MJ, Mirande C, Money D, Monks JM, Morales CL, Mumu NN, Negrao R, Nguyen AH, Niloy MNH, Norbury GL, Nordmeyer C, Norris D, O'Brien M, Oda GA, Orsenigo S, Outerbridge ME, Pasachnik S, Pérez-Jiménez JC, Pike C, Pilkington F, Plumb G, Portela RDCQ, Prohaska A, Quintana MG, Rakotondrasoa EF, Ranglack DH, Rankou H, Rawat AP, Reardon JT, Rheingantz ML, Richter SC, Rivers MC, Rogers LR, da Rosa P, Rose P, Royer E, Ryan C, de Mitcheson YJS, Salmon L, Salvador CH, Samways MJ, Sanjuan T, Souza Dos Santos A, Sasaki H, Schutz E, Scott HA, Scott RM, Serena F, Sharma SP, Shuey JA, Silva CJP, Simaika JP, Smith DR, Spaet JLY, Sultana S, Talukdar BK, Tatayah V, Thomas P, Tringali A, Trinh-Dinh H, Tuboi C, Usmani AA, Vasco-Palacios AM, Vié JC, Virens J, Walker A, Wallace B, Waller LJ, Wang H, Wearn OR, van Weerd M, Weigmann S, Willcox D, Woinarski J, Yong JWH, Young S. Testing a global standard for quantifying species recovery and assessing conservation impact. Conserv Biol 2021; 35:1833-1849. [PMID: 34289517 DOI: 10.1111/cobi.13756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Recognizing the imperative to evaluate species recovery and conservation impact, in 2012 the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) called for development of a "Green List of Species" (now the IUCN Green Status of Species). A draft Green Status framework for assessing species' progress toward recovery, published in 2018, proposed 2 separate but interlinked components: a standardized method (i.e., measurement against benchmarks of species' viability, functionality, and preimpact distribution) to determine current species recovery status (herein species recovery score) and application of that method to estimate past and potential future impacts of conservation based on 4 metrics (conservation legacy, conservation dependence, conservation gain, and recovery potential). We tested the framework with 181 species representing diverse taxa, life histories, biomes, and IUCN Red List categories (extinction risk). Based on the observed distribution of species' recovery scores, we propose the following species recovery categories: fully recovered, slightly depleted, moderately depleted, largely depleted, critically depleted, extinct in the wild, and indeterminate. Fifty-nine percent of tested species were considered largely or critically depleted. Although there was a negative relationship between extinction risk and species recovery score, variation was considerable. Some species in lower risk categories were assessed as farther from recovery than those at higher risk. This emphasizes that species recovery is conceptually different from extinction risk and reinforces the utility of the IUCN Green Status of Species to more fully understand species conservation status. Although extinction risk did not predict conservation legacy, conservation dependence, or conservation gain, it was positively correlated with recovery potential. Only 1.7% of tested species were categorized as zero across all 4 of these conservation impact metrics, indicating that conservation has, or will, play a role in improving or maintaining species status for the vast majority of these species. Based on our results, we devised an updated assessment framework that introduces the option of using a dynamic baseline to assess future impacts of conservation over the short term to avoid misleading results which were generated in a small number of cases, and redefines short term as 10 years to better align with conservation planning. These changes are reflected in the IUCN Green Status of Species Standard.
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Affiliation(s)
- Molly K Grace
- Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- IUCN Species Survival Commission, Caracas, Venezuela
| | - H Resit Akçakaya
- IUCN Species Survival Commission, Caracas, Venezuela
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | | | - Thomas M Brooks
- International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), Gland, Switzerland
- World Agroforestry Center (ICRAF), University of the Philippines, Los Baños, Philippines
- Institute for Marine & Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | | | - Simon Hedges
- Wildlife Conservation Society, Bronx, New York, USA
- IUCN SSC Asian Elephant Specialist Group, Noida, India
- IUCN SSC Asian Wild Cattle Specialist Group, Chester, UK
| | | | - Michael Hoffmann
- IUCN Species Survival Commission, Caracas, Venezuela
- Conservation Programmes, Zoological Society of London, London, UK
| | - Axel Hochkirch
- Department of Biogeography, Trier University, Trier, Germany
| | | | - David A Keith
- IUCN Species Survival Commission, Caracas, Venezuela
- Centre for Ecosystem Sciences, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- NSW Office of Environment and Heritage, Hurstville, New South Wales, Australia
| | | | - David P Mallon
- Division of Biology and Conservation Ecology, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK
- IUCN SSC Antelope Specialist Group, Manchester, UK
| | - Erik Meijaard
- IUCN SSC Wild Pig Specialist Group and Centre of Excellence for Environmental Decisions, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | | | - Jon Paul Rodriguez
- IUCN Species Survival Commission, Caracas, Venezuela
- Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Científicas, and Provita, Caracas, Venezuela
| | - P J Stephenson
- IUCN SSC Species Monitoring Specialist Group, Gingins, Switzerland
- Laboratory for Conservation Biology, Department of Ecology & Evolution, UNIL - University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Simon N Stuart
- IUCN Species Survival Commission, Caracas, Venezuela
- Synchronicity Earth, London, UK
| | | | - Pablo Acebes
- Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Cambio Global, Departamento de Ecología, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | | | - Marina Arbetman
- Grupo Ecología de la Polinización, INIBIOMA, Universidad Nacional del Comahue, CONICET, Bariloche, Argentina
| | - Claudio Azat
- Sustainability Research Centre & PhD Programme in Conservation Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
| | - Gianluigi Bacchetta
- Centre for Conservation of Biodiversity, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | | | - Luís M D Barcelos
- Azorean Biodiversity Group, Centre for Ecology, Evolution, and Environmental Changes, Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of the Azores, Angra do Heroísmo, Portugal
| | - Joao Pedro Barreiros
- Universidade dos Açores, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e do Ambiente, Rua Capitão João d'Ávila, Angra do Heroísmo, Portugal
| | | | - Danielle J Berger
- School of Natural Resources, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska, USA
| | - Sabuj Bhattacharyya
- Centre for Ecological Sciences, Indian Institute of Sciences, Bangalore, India
| | - Gilad Bino
- University of New South Wales, Centre for Ecosystem Science, School of Biological, Earth & Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Paulo A V Borges
- Departamento de Ciências e Engenharia do Ambiente Universidade dos Açores, Azores, Portugal
| | - Raoul K Boughton
- Range Cattle Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - H Jane Brockmann
- Department of Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | | | | | - James Burton
- IUCN SSC Asian Wild Cattle Specialist Group, Cedar House, Chester, UK
| | | | | | | | | | - John P Carroll
- University of Nebraska, School of Natural Resources, Lincoln, Nebraska, USA
| | | | - David G Chapple
- School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Guillaume Chapron
- Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Riddarhyttan, Sweden
| | | | | | - Donatella Cogoni
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Centro Conservazione Biodiversità, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Rochelle Constantine
- School of Biological Sciences & Institute of Marine Science, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Christie Anne Craig
- Endangered Wildlife Trust, Office 8 & 9, Centre for Biodiversity Conservation, Cape Town, South Africa
| | | | - Nishma Dahal
- CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, India
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - David Fairclough
- Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development, Department of Fisheries, Hillarys, Western Australia, Australia
| | | | - Giuseppe Fenu
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Centro Conservazione Biodiversità, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | | | | | - Brittany Finucci
- National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Rita Földesi
- Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Catherine M Foley
- Hawai'i Institute of Marine Biology, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Kaneohe, Hawai'i, USA
| | - Matthew Ford
- Museum für Naturkunde, Leibniz Institute for Evolution and Biodiversity Science, Berlin, Germany
| | | | | | - Ricardo Garcia-Sandoval
- Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito exterior s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, Mexico
| | - Penny C Gardner
- Danau Girang Field Centre, c/o Sabah Wildlife Department, Kota Kinabalu, Malaysia
| | - Roberto Garibay-Orijel
- Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Tercer Circuito s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, Ciudad de México, México
| | | | - Irene Gauto
- Asociación Etnobotánica Paraguaya, Lambaré, Paraguay
| | | | | | | | - Benito A González
- Laboratorio de Ecología de Vida Silvestre, Facultad de Ciencias Forestales y de la Conservación de la Naturaleza, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Tandora D Grant
- San Diego Zoo Institute for Conservation Research, San Diego, California, USA
| | | | - Andrew J Gregory
- Bowling Green State University, School of Earth Environment and Society, Bowling Green, Ohio, USA
| | | | - Marieka Gryzenhout
- Department of Genetics, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa
| | - Noelle C Guernsey
- World Wildlife Fund Inc., Northern Great Plains Program, Bozeman, Montana, USA
| | - Garima Gupta
- School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK
| | | | - Christian A Hagen
- Department of Fisheries & Wildlife, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA
| | - Madison B Hall
- Department of Biology, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida, USA
| | - Eric Hallerman
- Department of Fish and Wildlife Conservation, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA
| | - Kelly Hare
- Urban Wildlife Trust, Wellington/Hamilton, New Zealand
| | - Tom Hart
- Department of Zoology, Oxford University, Oxford, UK
| | | | | | - Richard Hatfield
- The Xerces Society for Invertebrate Conservation, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Tahneal Hawke
- University of New South Wales, Centre for Ecosystem Science, School of Biological, Earth & Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia
| | | | - Rod Hitchmough
- Department of Conservation-Te Papa Atawhai, Wellington, New Zealand
| | | | | | | | | | - Charlie Huveneers
- Southern Shark Ecology Group, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | | | - Dennis Jorgensen
- World Wildlife Fund Inc., Northern Great Plains Program, Bozeman, Montana, USA
| | | | - Lydia K D Katsis
- Wildlife Conservation Research Unit, Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Recanati-Kaplan Centre, Abingdon, UK
| | | | - Boaz Kaunda-Arara
- Department of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, University of Eldoret, Eldoret, Kenya
| | | | - Daniel T Kraus
- University of Waterloo, School of Environment, Resources and Sustainability, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Ken Lindeman
- Florida Institute of Technology, Program in Sustainability Studies, Melbourne, Florida, USA
| | - Jean Linsky
- Botanic Gardens Conservation International, Richmond, UK
| | - Edward Louis
- Omaha's Henry Doorly Zoo and Aquarium, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - Anna Loy
- Department of Biosciences and Territory, University of Molise, Pesche, Italy
| | | | - Jeffrey C Mangel
- Carrera de Biologia Marina, Universidad Cientifica del Sur, Lima, Peru
| | - Paul E Marinari
- Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, Front Royal, Virginia, USA
| | - Gabriel M Martin
- Centro de Investigación Esquel de Montaña y Estepa Patagónica, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Gustavo Martinelli
- National Center for Flora Conservation (CNCFlora), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Philip J K McGowan
- School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK
| | - Alistair McInnes
- Seabird Conservation Programme, BirdLife South Africa, Foreshore, South Africa
| | | | | | | | - Daniel Money
- Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Carolina Laura Morales
- Grupo Ecología de la Polinización, INIBIOMA, Universidad Nacional del Comahue, CONICET, Bariloche, Argentina
| | | | | | - Anh Ha Nguyen
- Fauna & Flora International - Vietnam Programme, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | | | | | | | - Darren Norris
- School of Environmental Sciences, Federal University of Amapá, Macapá, Brazil
| | - Mark O'Brien
- BirdLife International Pacific Regional Office, Suva, Fiji
| | - Gabriela Akemi Oda
- Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro - UFRRJ, Department of Environmental Sciences, Forestry Institute, Seropédica, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Simone Orsenigo
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra e dell'Ambiente, Università di Pavia; Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Centro Conservazione Biodiversità, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Glenn Plumb
- US National Park Service, Livingston, Montana, USA
| | | | - Ana Prohaska
- GeoGenetics Group, Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Manuel G Quintana
- Division of Invertebrates, Argentine Museum of Natural Sciences, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | | | - Hassan Rankou
- IUCN SSC Orchid Specialist Group, Royal Botanic Gardens, Richmond, Surrey, UK
| | | | - James Thomas Reardon
- Department of Conservation, New Zealand, Fiordland District Office, Te Anau, New Zealand
| | - Marcelo Lopes Rheingantz
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Laboratório de Ecologia e Conservação de Populações, Centro de Ciências da Saúde - Instituto de Biologia, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Stephen C Richter
- Division of Natural Areas and Department of Biological Sciences, Eastern Kentucky University, Richmond, Kentucky, USA
| | - Malin C Rivers
- Botanic Gardens Conservation International, Richmond, UK
| | | | - Patrícia da Rosa
- National Center for Flora Conservation (CNCFlora), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | | | - Catherine Ryan
- Auckland University of Technology, School of Science, Auckland City, New Zealand
| | | | - Lily Salmon
- Nottingham Trent University, Brackenhurst Campus, Southwell, Nottinghamshire, UK
| | | | - Michael J Samways
- Department of Conservation Ecology & Entomology, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | | | - Amanda Souza Dos Santos
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Health Science Centre, Biology Institute, Plant Ecology Laboratory, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Emmanuel Schutz
- D'ABOVILLE Foundation and Demo Farm Inc, Makati, Philippines
| | | | | | - Fabrizio Serena
- Institute for Biological Resources and Marine Biotechnology, National Research Council-(CNR -IRBIM), Mazara del Vallo, Italy
| | | | - John A Shuey
- The Nature Conservancy, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Carlos Julio Polo Silva
- Facultad de Ciencias Naturales e Ingeniería, Universidad de Bogotá Jorge Tadeo Lozano, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - John P Simaika
- Department of Water Resources and Ecosystems, IHE Delft Institute for Water Education, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - David R Smith
- U.S. Geological Survey, Kearneysville, West Virginia, USA
| | - Julia L Y Spaet
- Evolutionary Ecology Group, Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Aída M Vasco-Palacios
- Grupo de Microbiología Ambiental - BioMicro, Escuela de Microbiología, Universidad de Antioquia, UdeA, Medellín, Colombia
- Fundación Biodiversa Colombia, FBC, Bogotá, Colombia
| | | | - Jo Virens
- University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Alan Walker
- Centre for Environment, Fisheries & Aquaculture Science, Lowestoft, Suffolk, UK
| | | | - Lauren J Waller
- Southern African Foundation for the Conservation of Coastal Birds, Cape Town, South Africa
- Department of Biodiversity and Conservation Biology, University of the Western Cape, Belville, South Africa
| | | | - Oliver R Wearn
- Fauna & Flora International - Vietnam Programme, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Merlijn van Weerd
- Institute of Environmental Sciences (CML), Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Simon Weigmann
- Elasmo-Lab, Elasmobranch Research Laboratory, Hamburg, Germany
- Center of Natural History, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Daniel Willcox
- Save Vietnam's Wildlife, Cuc Phuong National Park, Ninh Bình Province, Vietnam
| | - John Woinarski
- Charles Darwin University, Casuarina, Northern Territory, Australia
| | - Jean W H Yong
- Department of Biosystems and Technology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Alnarp, Sweden
| | - Stuart Young
- IUCN SSC Asian Wild Cattle Specialist Group, Cedar House, Chester, UK
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Fenu G, Abeli T, Bacchetta G, Cogoni D, D’Agostino M, Pinna MS, Orsenigo S. Global and regional IUCN red list assessments: 12. IB 2021. [DOI: 10.3897/italianbotanist.12.76596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In this contribution, the conservation status assessment of two vascular plants according to IUCN categories and criteria are presented. It includes the assessment of Genista nuragica Bacch., Brullo & Giusso and Jacobaea incana (L.) Veldkamp at global level.
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Murru V, Farris E, Santo A, Grillo O, Piazza C, Gaio A, Bacchetta G, Thompson JD. Niche Differentiation at Multiple Spatial Scales on Large and Small Mediterranean Islands for the Endemic Silene velutina Pourr. ex Loisel. (Caryophyllaceae). Plants (Basel) 2021; 10:plants10112298. [PMID: 34834661 PMCID: PMC8618681 DOI: 10.3390/plants10112298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Revised: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this work is to investigate niche variations in endemic Silene velutina (Caryophyllaceae, Angiosperms) on Mediterranean islands that differ in size. Six populations on both large and small islands were sampled across the geographic range of the species. For each population, 10 plots (1 × 2 m, with a 25 cm grill) were randomly placed to quantify environmental (abiotic and biotic factors and disturbance) and population (demographic structure and reproductive success) parameters. Niche parameters related to substrate, plant cover, community diversity and composition and disturbance showed significant variation in relation to island size. At the regional scale, we detected a broader niche on large islands associated with spatial heterogeneity and island size. In contrast, at the local scale, populations on small islands showed a broader niche, potentially due to a release from competition (low diversity and plant cover and absence of phanerophytes). Populations on large islands had a demographic structure biased towards vegetative individuals (seedlings and juveniles) with few reproductive individuals, while those on small islands had a majority of adults. Together, the results on niche breadth and demographic structure concord with the idea of a strategy based on adult persistence on small islands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Murru
- Centro Conservazione Biodiversità (CCB), Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell’Ambiente (DISVA), Università degli Studi di Cagliari, V.le S. Ignazio da Laconi 13, 09123 Cagliari, Italy; (V.M.); (A.S.); (O.G.); (G.B.)
| | - Emmanuele Farris
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Sassari, Via Piandanna, 4-07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Andrea Santo
- Centro Conservazione Biodiversità (CCB), Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell’Ambiente (DISVA), Università degli Studi di Cagliari, V.le S. Ignazio da Laconi 13, 09123 Cagliari, Italy; (V.M.); (A.S.); (O.G.); (G.B.)
| | - Oscar Grillo
- Centro Conservazione Biodiversità (CCB), Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell’Ambiente (DISVA), Università degli Studi di Cagliari, V.le S. Ignazio da Laconi 13, 09123 Cagliari, Italy; (V.M.); (A.S.); (O.G.); (G.B.)
| | - Carole Piazza
- Conservatoire Botanique National de Corse, Avenue Jean Nicoli, 20250 Corte, France;
| | - Antonella Gaio
- Parco Nazionale Arcipelago di La Maddalena, Via Giulio Cesare, 7-07024 La Maddalena, Italy;
| | - Gianluigi Bacchetta
- Centro Conservazione Biodiversità (CCB), Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell’Ambiente (DISVA), Università degli Studi di Cagliari, V.le S. Ignazio da Laconi 13, 09123 Cagliari, Italy; (V.M.); (A.S.); (O.G.); (G.B.)
- Hortus Botanicus Karalitanus (HBK), Università degli Studi di Cagliari, V.le S. Ignazio da Laconi 9-11, 09123 Cagliari, Italy
| | - John D. Thompson
- Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionelle et Evolutive, UMR 5175, CNRS, EPHE, IRD, Université Paul Valéry Montpellier 3, Route de Mende 1919, 34293 Montpellier, France;
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Boi ME, Cappai G, De Giudici G, Medas D, Piredda M, Porceddu M, Bacchetta G. Ex situ phytoremediation trial of Sardinian mine waste using a pioneer plant species. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2021; 28:55736-55753. [PMID: 34143385 PMCID: PMC8494672 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-14710-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The mitigation of metals contamination is currently a crucial issue for the reclamation of mine sites. Indeed, mine wastes are often disposed in open dumps and consequently pollutants are subjected to dispersion in the surrounding areas. In this study, the potential use of Helichrysum microphyllum subsp. tyrrhenicum for phytostabilization was evaluated in ex situ conditions. Ninety specimens were randomly selected and were planted in three substrates (reference substrate, mine waste materials, and mine wastes with compost). Mineralogical compositions of substrates, rhizosphere, and roots were assessed through X-ray diffraction (XRD). Zn, Pb, and Cd concentrations of substrates, rhizosphere, soil pore waters, and plant tissues were determined. The phytostabilization potential was determined through the application of biological accumulation coefficient (BAC), biological concentration factor (BCF), and translocation factor (TF). Moreover, survival and biometric parameters were assessed on plant specimens. The polluted substrates and related rhizosphere materials were mainly composed of dolomite, quartz, pyrite, and phyllosilicate. Zn was the most abundant metal in substrates, rhizosphere, and soil pore waters. XRD analysis on roots showed the presence of amorphous cellulose and quartz and Zn was the most abundant metal in plant tissues. H. microphyllum subsp. tyrrhenicum restricts the accumulation of the metals into roots limiting their translocation in aereal parts, indicating its potential use as phytostabilizer (BCF, BAC, TF < 1). Survival and growth data showed a great adaptability to different substrates, with an evident positive effect of the implementation of compost which increased the plant survival and decreased the metals uptake into roots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Enrica Boi
- Department of Chemical and Geological Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria di Monserrato, S.S. 554 bivio per Sestu (CA), 09042, Monserrato, Italy
| | - Giovanna Cappai
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Architecture, University of Cagliari, Piazza d'Armi 1, 09123, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Giovanni De Giudici
- Department of Chemical and Geological Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria di Monserrato, S.S. 554 bivio per Sestu (CA), 09042, Monserrato, Italy
| | - Daniela Medas
- Department of Chemical and Geological Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria di Monserrato, S.S. 554 bivio per Sestu (CA), 09042, Monserrato, Italy
| | - Martina Piredda
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Architecture, University of Cagliari, Piazza d'Armi 1, 09123, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Marco Porceddu
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Centre for Biodiversity Conservation (CCB), University of Cagliari, Viale Sant'Ignazio da Laconi 11-13, 09123, Cagliari, Italy.
- Sardinian Germplasm Bank (BG-SAR), Hortus Botanicus Karalitanus (HBK), University of Cagliari, Viale Sant'Ignazio da Laconi, 9-11, 09123, Cagliari, Italy.
| | - Gianluigi Bacchetta
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Centre for Biodiversity Conservation (CCB), University of Cagliari, Viale Sant'Ignazio da Laconi 11-13, 09123, Cagliari, Italy
- Sardinian Germplasm Bank (BG-SAR), Hortus Botanicus Karalitanus (HBK), University of Cagliari, Viale Sant'Ignazio da Laconi, 9-11, 09123, Cagliari, Italy
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Perra M, Lozano-Sánchez J, Leyva-Jiménez FJ, Segura-Carretero A, Pedraz JL, Bacchetta G, Muntoni A, De Gioannis G, Manca ML, Manconi M. Extraction of the antioxidant phytocomplex from wine-making by-products and sustainable loading in phospholipid vesicles specifically tailored for skin protection. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 142:111959. [PMID: 34333288 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study is aimed at valorizing grape pomace, one of the most abundant winery-making by-products of the Mediterranean area, through the extraction of the main bioactive compounds from the skin of grape pomace and using them to manufacture innovative nanoformulations capable of both avoiding skin damages and promoting skincare. The phytochemicals were recovered through maceration in hydroethanolic solution. Catechin, quercetin, fisetin and gallic acid, which are known for their antioxidant power, were detected as the main compounds of the extract. Liposomes and phospholipid vesicles modified with glycerol or Montanov 82® or a combination of both, were used as carriers for the extract. The vesicles were small (~183 nm), slightly polydispersed (PI ≥ 0.28), and highly negatively charged (~-50 mV). The extract was loaded in high amounts in all vesicles (~100%) irrespective of their composition. The antioxidant activity of the extract, measured by using the DPPH (2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) test, was 84 ± 1%, and slightly increased when loaded into the vesicles (~89%, P < 0.05). The grape pomace extract loaded vesicles were highly biocompatible and able to protect fibroblasts (3T3) from the oxidative stress induced by hydrogen peroxide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Perra
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Via Ospedale 72, 09124 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Jesús Lozano-Sánchez
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Granada, Campus Universitario s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain; Functional Food Research and Development Center, Health Science Technological Park, Avenida del Conocimiento s/n, E-18100 Granada, Spain
| | - Francisco-Javier Leyva-Jiménez
- Functional Food Research and Development Center, Health Science Technological Park, Avenida del Conocimiento s/n, E-18100 Granada, Spain
| | - Antonio Segura-Carretero
- Functional Food Research and Development Center, Health Science Technological Park, Avenida del Conocimiento s/n, E-18100 Granada, Spain; Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Fuentenueva s/n, E-18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Josè Luis Pedraz
- NanoBioCel Group, University of Basque Country, Paseo de la Universidad 7, 01006 Vitoria, Spain; Networking Research Centre of Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Spain
| | - Gianluigi Bacchetta
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Via Ospedale 72, 09124 Cagliari, Italy; Centre for the Conservation of Biodiversity (CCB), University of Cagliari, V.le Sant'Ignazio da Laconi 13, 09123 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Aldo Muntoni
- DICAAR - Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Architecture, University of Cagliari, Piazza D'Armi 1, 09123 Cagliari, Italy; IGAG-CNR, Environmental Geology and Geoengineering Institute of the National Research Council, Piazza D'Armi 1, 09123 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Giorgia De Gioannis
- DICAAR - Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Architecture, University of Cagliari, Piazza D'Armi 1, 09123 Cagliari, Italy; IGAG-CNR, Environmental Geology and Geoengineering Institute of the National Research Council, Piazza D'Armi 1, 09123 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Maria Letizia Manca
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Via Ospedale 72, 09124 Cagliari, Italy.
| | - Maria Manconi
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Via Ospedale 72, 09124 Cagliari, Italy
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Galasso G, Domina G, Andreatta S, Argenti E, Bacchetta G, Bagella S, Banfi E, Barberis D, Bardi S, Barone G, Bartolucci F, Bertolli A, Biscotti N, Bonali F, Bonini F, Bonsanto D, Brundu G, Buono S, Caldarella O, Calvia G, Cambria S, Campus G, Caria MC, Conti F, Coppi A, Dagnino D, Del Guacchio E, Di Gristina E, Farris E, Ferretti G, Festi F, Fois M, Furlani F, Gigante D, Guarino R, Gubellini L, Hofmann N, Iamonico D, Jiménez-Mejias P, La Rosa A, Laface VLA, Lallai A, Lazzaro L, Lonati M, Lozano V, Luchino F, Lupoletti J, Magrini S, Mainetti A, Marchetti D, Marenzi P, Marignani M, Martignoni M, Mei G, Menini F, Merli M, Mugnai M, Musarella CM, Nicolella G, Noor Hussain A, Olivieri N, Orlandini S, Peccenini S, Peruzzi L, Pica A, Pilon N, Pinzani L, Pittarello M, Podda L, Probo M, Prosser F, Raffaelli C, Ravetto Enri S, Rivieccio G, Rosati L, Sarmati S, Scafidi F, Selvi F, Sennikov AN, Sotgiu Cocco G, Spampinato G, Stinca A, Tavilla G, Tomaselli V, Tomasi D, Tomasi G, Trenchi M, Turcato C, Verloove F, Viciani D, Villa M, Wagensommer RP, Lastrucci L. Notulae to the Italian alien vascular flora: 11. IB 2021. [DOI: 10.3897/italianbotanist.11.68063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In this contribution, new data concerning the distribution of vascular flora alien to Italy are presented. It includes new records, confirmations, exclusions, and status changes for Italy or for Italian administrative regions. Nomenclatural and distribution updates published elsewhere are provided as Suppl. material 1.
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Bartolucci F, Domina G, Andreatta S, Argenti C, Bacchetta G, Ballelli S, Banfi E, Barberis D, Barberis G, Bedini G, Bolpagni R, Bonali F, Bovio M, Briozzo I, Brusco A, Caldarella O, Campus G, Cancellieri L, Carotenuto L, Cheli E, Dagnino D, Del Guacchio E, Farris E, Ferretti G, Filibeck G, Foggi B, Gabellini A, Galasso G, Gianguzzi L, Gottschlich G, Gubellini L, Hofmann N, Iamonico D, Laface VLA, Lonati M, Lucarini D, Lupoletti J, Marchianò R, Marenzi P, Martignoni M, Mei G, Menini F, Merli M, Musarella CM, Orsenigo S, Peccenini S, Pennesi R, Peruzzi L, Pica A, Pinzani L, Piovesan G, Pittarello M, Podda L, Ravetto Enri S, Roma-Marzio F, Rosati L, Spampinato G, Stinca A, Tonelli S, Trenchi M, Turcato C, Viciani D, Lastrucci L. Notulae to the Italian native vascular flora: 11. IB 2021. [DOI: 10.3897/italianbotanist.11.68048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In this contribution, new data concerning the distribution of native vascular flora in Italy are presented. It includes new records, confirmations, exclusions, and status changes to the Italian administrative regions. A new combination in the genus Pilosella is proposed. Nomenclatural and distribution updates, published elsewhere, and corrigenda are provided as Suppl. material 1.
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Cheikh Albassatneh M, Escudero M, Monnet A, Arroyo J, Bacchetta G, Bagnoli F, Dimopoulos P, Hampe A, Leriche A, Médail F, Nikolic T, Ponger L, Vendramin GG, Fady B. Spatial patterns of genus‐level phylogenetic endemism in the tree flora of Mediterranean Europe. DIVERS DISTRIB 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/ddi.13241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Marwan Cheikh Albassatneh
- Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB) Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle (MNHN), CNRS, Sorbonne Université, EPHE, Université des Antilles Paris France
- Aix Marseille Université, Avignon Université, CNRS, IRD IMBE Aix‐en‐Provence France
- Institute of Ecology and Environmental Sciences Sorbonne University Paris France
| | - Marcial Escudero
- Department of Plant Biology and Ecology University of Seville Seville Spain
| | - Anne‐Christine Monnet
- Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB) Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle (MNHN), CNRS, Sorbonne Université, EPHE, Université des Antilles Paris France
- Aix Marseille Université, Avignon Université, CNRS, IRD IMBE Aix‐en‐Provence France
| | - Juan Arroyo
- Department of Plant Biology and Ecology University of Seville Seville Spain
| | - Gianluigi Bacchetta
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences University of Cagliari Cagliari Italy
| | | | | | - Arndt Hampe
- BIOGECO INRAE, Bordeaux University Cestas France
| | - Agathe Leriche
- Aix Marseille Université, Avignon Université, CNRS, IRD IMBE Aix‐en‐Provence France
| | - Frédéric Médail
- Aix Marseille Université, Avignon Université, CNRS, IRD IMBE Aix‐en‐Provence France
| | - Toni Nikolic
- Department of Botany Faculty of Science University of Zagreb Zagreb Croatia
| | - Loïc Ponger
- Structure et Instabilité des Génomes "Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle" (MNHN), CNRS Paris France
| | | | - Bruno Fady
- Ecology of Mediterranean Forests (URFM) INRAE Avignon France
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Monnet AC, Cilleros K, Médail F, Albassatneh MC, Arroyo J, Bacchetta G, Bagnoli F, Barina Z, Cartereau M, Casajus N, Dimopoulos P, Domina G, Doxa A, Escudero M, Fady B, Hampe A, Matevski V, Misfud S, Nikolic T, Pavon D, Roig A, Barea ES, Spanu I, Strid A, Vendramin GG, Leriche A. WOODIV, a database of occurrences, functional traits, and phylogenetic data for all Euro-Mediterranean trees. Sci Data 2021; 8:89. [PMID: 33758194 PMCID: PMC7988049 DOI: 10.1038/s41597-021-00873-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Trees play a key role in the structure and function of many ecosystems worldwide. In the Mediterranean Basin, forests cover approximately 22% of the total land area hosting a large number of endemics (46 species). Despite its particularities and vulnerability, the biodiversity of Mediterranean trees is not well known at the taxonomic, spatial, functional, and genetic levels required for conservation applications. The WOODIV database fills this gap by providing reliable occurrences, four functional traits (plant height, seed mass, wood density, and specific leaf area), and sequences from three DNA-regions (rbcL, matK, and trnH-psbA), together with modelled occurrences and a phylogeny for all 210 Euro-Mediterranean tree species. We compiled, homogenized, and verified occurrence data from sparse datasets and collated them on an INSPIRE-compliant 10 × 10 km grid. We also gathered functional trait and genetic data, filling existing gaps where possible. The WOODIV database can benefit macroecological studies in the fields of conservation, biogeography, and community ecology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Christine Monnet
- Aix Marseille Univ, Avignon Univ, CNRS, IRD, IMBE. Technopôle de l'Arbois-Méditerranée, cedex 4, BP 80, 13 545, Aix-en-Provence, France.
| | - Kévin Cilleros
- Aix Marseille Univ, Avignon Univ, CNRS, IRD, IMBE. Technopôle de l'Arbois-Méditerranée, cedex 4, BP 80, 13 545, Aix-en-Provence, France
| | - Frédéric Médail
- Aix Marseille Univ, Avignon Univ, CNRS, IRD, IMBE. Technopôle de l'Arbois-Méditerranée, cedex 4, BP 80, 13 545, Aix-en-Provence, France
| | - Marwan Cheikh Albassatneh
- Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN), CNRS, Sorbonne Université, EPHE, Université des Antilles, Paris, France
| | - Juan Arroyo
- Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
| | - Gianluigi Bacchetta
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Viale Sant'Ignazio da Laconi 13, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Francesca Bagnoli
- National Research Council, Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, (FI), Italy
| | - Zoltán Barina
- Department of Botany, Hungarian Natural History Museum, Pf. 137, Budapest, 1431, Hungary
| | - Manuel Cartereau
- Aix Marseille Univ, Avignon Univ, CNRS, IRD, IMBE. Technopôle de l'Arbois-Méditerranée, cedex 4, BP 80, 13 545, Aix-en-Provence, France
| | - Nicolas Casajus
- FRB-CESAB, 5 rue de l'Ecole de Médecine, 34000, Montpellier, France
| | - Panayotis Dimopoulos
- Department of Biology, Laboratory of Botany, University of Patras, 26504, Patras, Greece
| | - Gianniantonio Domina
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Forest Sciences, University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze bldg. 4, 90128, Palermo, Italy
| | - Aggeliki Doxa
- Aix Marseille Univ, Avignon Univ, CNRS, IRD, IMBE. Technopôle de l'Arbois-Méditerranée, cedex 4, BP 80, 13 545, Aix-en-Provence, France
- Statistical Learning Lab, Institute of Applied and Computational Mathematics, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas (FORTH), Ν. Plastira 100, Vassilika Vouton, GR - 700 13, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Marcial Escudero
- Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
| | - Bruno Fady
- INRAE, UR629, Ecologie des forêts méditerranéennes, Avignon, France
| | - Arndt Hampe
- INRAE, Univ. Bordeaux, BIOGECO, F-33610, Cestas, France
| | - Vlado Matevski
- Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Krste Misirkov 2, 1000, Skopje, Republic of Macedonia
| | - Stephen Misfud
- EcoGozo, Regional Development Directorate - Ministry for Gozo, Flat 6, Sunset Court B, Triq Marsalforn, Xaghra, Gozo, Malta
| | - Toni Nikolic
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Daniel Pavon
- Aix Marseille Univ, Avignon Univ, CNRS, IRD, IMBE. Technopôle de l'Arbois-Méditerranée, cedex 4, BP 80, 13 545, Aix-en-Provence, France
| | - Anne Roig
- INRAE, UR629, Ecologie des forêts méditerranéennes, Avignon, France
| | | | - Ilaria Spanu
- National Research Council, Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, (FI), Italy
| | | | | | - Agathe Leriche
- Aix Marseille Univ, Avignon Univ, CNRS, IRD, IMBE. Technopôle de l'Arbois-Méditerranée, cedex 4, BP 80, 13 545, Aix-en-Provence, France.
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Ghavam M, Manconi M, Manca ML, Bacchetta G. Extraction of essential oil from Dracocephalum kotschyi Boiss. (Lamiaceae), identification of two active compounds and evaluation of the antimicrobial properties. J Ethnopharmacol 2021; 267:113513. [PMID: 33172599 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Revised: 10/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Dracocephalum kotschyi is a medicinal plant widely used in traditional medicine to treat pain, fever, inflammation, and seizures. AIM OF THE STUDY Due to the importance of this plant and the well-known antibacterial activity of essential oils, the aim of the present study was to investigate the composition of essential oil and evaluate the antimicrobial activity of its main active compounds. MATERIALS AND METHODS In order to test its possible application at industrial level the oil was extract from the cultivated and wild plants. The epigean parts were collected in June 2018 from the same region of Daran (Isfahan, Iran). The extraction of essential oil was carried out using a Clevenger apparatus. The composition of the essential oil was assayed by using a gas chromatography/mass spectroscopy apparatus (GC/MS). RESULTS Results showed that the predominant compounds of essential oil of cultivated plants were α-pinene (13.66%), (E)-citral (12.89%), neral (11.25%), methyl geranate (8.66%), limonene (8.33%), campholenal (6.22%) and geraniol (5.69%), while those found in naturally grown plants were two main compounds: cyclohexylallene (52.63%) and limonene (35.88%). The antimicrobial properties of the plant were determined against 12 strains of microorganism by evaluating inhibition halo, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC). The highest inhibition halo for both oils from cultivated and wild plants was obtained against Aspergillus brasiliensis. The MIC value against Gram-positive Bacillus subtilis was 31.25 μg/ml, it was the lowest value provided by the essential oil obtained from the cultivated sample, the MIC was significantly lower than that obtained by treating the same strain with Rifampin. On the other hand, Candida albicans had the highest sensitivity (MIC value of 31.25 μg/ml) for the essential oil obtained from wild plants as the inhibitory concentration was lower than that obtained treating the yeast with Nystatin. CONCLUSIONS Therefore, according to the results of the present study, the use of the essential oil obtained from D. kotschyi can be used to protect food and to treat microbial infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mansureh Ghavam
- Department of Range and Watershed Management, Faculty of Natural Resources and Earth Sciences, University of Kashan, Kashan, Iran.
| | - Maria Manconi
- Department Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Maria Letizia Manca
- Department Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Gianluigi Bacchetta
- Department Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy; Hortus Botanicus Karalitanus (HBK), University of Cagliari, Italy
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Fišer Ž, Aronne G, Aavik T, Akin M, Alizoti P, Aravanopoulos F, Bacchetta G, Balant M, Ballian D, Barazani O, Bellia AF, Bernhardt N, Bou Dagher Kharrat M, Bugeja Douglas A, Burkart M, Ćalić D, Carapeto A, Carlsen T, Castro S, Colling G, Cursach J, Cvetanoska S, Cvetkoska C, Ćušterevska R, Daco L, Danova K, Dervishi A, Djukanović G, Dragićević S, Ensslin A, Evju M, Fenu G, Francisco A, Gallego PP, Galloni M, Ganea A, Gemeinholzer B, Glasnović P, Godefroid S, Goul Thomsen M, Halassy M, Helm A, Hyvärinen M, Joshi J, Kazić A, Kiehn M, Klisz M, Kool A, Koprowski M, Kövendi-Jakó A, Kříž K, Kropf M, Kull T, Lanfranco S, Lazarević P, Lazarević M, Lebel Vine M, Liepina L, Loureiro J, Lukminė D, Machon N, Meade C, Metzing D, Milanović Đ, Navarro L, Orlović S, Panis B, Pankova H, Parpan T, Pašek O, Peci D, Petanidou T, Plenk K, Puchałka R, Radosavljević I, Rankou H, Rašomavičius V, Romanciuc G, Ruotsalainen A, Šajna N, Salaj T, Sánchez-Romero C, Sarginci M, Schäfer D, Seberg O, Sharrock S, Šibík J, Šibíková M, Skarpaas O, Stanković Neđić M, Stojnic S, Surina B, Szitár K, Teofilovski A, Thoroddsen R, Tsvetkov I, Uogintas D, Van Meerbeek K, van Rooijen N, Vassiliou L, Verbylaitė R, Vergeer P, Vít P, Walczak M, Widmer A, Wiland-Szymańska J, Zdunić G, Zippel E. ConservePlants: An integrated approach to conservation of threatened plants for the 21st Century. RIO 2021. [DOI: 10.3897/rio.7.e62810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Even though plants represent an essential part of our lives offering exploitational, supporting and cultural services, we know very little about the biology of the rarest and most threatened plant species, and even less about their conservation status. Rapid changes in the environment and climate, today more pronounced than ever, affect their fitness and distribution causing rapid species declines, sometimes even before they had been discovered. Despite the high goals set by conservationists to protect native plants from further degradation and extinction, the initiatives for the conservation of threatened species in Europe are scattered and have not yielded the desired results. The main aim of this Action is to improve plant conservation in Europe through the establishment of a network of scientists and other stakeholders who deal with different aspects of plant conservation, from plant taxonomy, ecology, conservation genetics, conservation physiology and reproductive biology to protected area's managers, not forgetting social scientists, who are crucial when dealing with the general public.
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Porceddu M, Pritchard HW, Mattana E, Bacchetta G. Differential Interpretation of Mountain Temperatures by Endospermic Seeds of Three Endemic Species Impacts the Timing of In Situ Germination. Plants (Basel) 2020; 9:E1382. [PMID: 33081420 PMCID: PMC7603068 DOI: 10.3390/plants9101382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Revised: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Predicting seed germination in the field is a critical part of anticipating the impact of climate change on the timing of wild species regeneration. We combined thermal time and soil heat sum models of seed germination for three endemic Mediterranean mountain species with endospermic seeds and morphophysiological dormancy: Aquilegia barbaricina, Paeonia corsica, and Ribes sandalioticum. Seeds were buried in the soil within the respective collection sites, both underneath and outside the tree canopy, and their growth was assessed regularly and related to soil temperatures and estimates of the thermal characteristics of the seeds. The thermal thresholds for embryo growth and seed germination of A. barbaricina assessed in previous studies under controlled conditions were used to calculate soil heat sum accumulation of this species in the field. Thermal thresholds of seed germination for P. corsica and R. sandalioticum were not previously known and were estimated for the first time in this field study, based on findings of previous works carried out under controlled conditions. Critical embryo length and maximum germination for A. barbaricina were reached in April, and in December for R. sandalioticum. Seeds of P. corsica stay dormant in the ground until the following summer, and the critical embryo length and highest germination were detected from September to December. Soil heat sum models predicted earlier germination by one month for all three species under two Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) scenarios, based on the assumption that the estimated thermal thresholds will remain constant through climate changes. This phenological shift may increase the risk of mortality for young seedlings. The models developed provide important means of connecting the micro-environmental niche for in situ seed germination and the macro-environmental parameters under a global warming scenario.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Porceddu
- Sardinian Germplasm Bank (BG-SAR), Hortus Botanicus Karalitanus (HBK), University of Cagliari, Viale S. Ignazio da Laconi, 9-11, 09123 Cagliari, Italy;
- Centre for the Conservation of Biodiversity (CCB), Life and Environmental Sciences Department, University of Cagliari, Viale S. Ignazio da Laconi 11-13, 09123 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Hugh W. Pritchard
- Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Wellcome Trust Millennium Building, Wakehurst, Ardingly, West Sussex RH17 6TN, UK; (H.W.P.); (E.M.)
| | - Efisio Mattana
- Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Wellcome Trust Millennium Building, Wakehurst, Ardingly, West Sussex RH17 6TN, UK; (H.W.P.); (E.M.)
| | - Gianluigi Bacchetta
- Sardinian Germplasm Bank (BG-SAR), Hortus Botanicus Karalitanus (HBK), University of Cagliari, Viale S. Ignazio da Laconi, 9-11, 09123 Cagliari, Italy;
- Centre for the Conservation of Biodiversity (CCB), Life and Environmental Sciences Department, University of Cagliari, Viale S. Ignazio da Laconi 11-13, 09123 Cagliari, Italy
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Farris E, Orrù M, Ucchesu M, Amadori A, Porceddu M, Bacchetta G. Morpho-Colorimetric Characterization of the Sardinian Endemic Taxa of the Genus Anchusa L. by Seed Image Analysis. Plants (Basel) 2020; 9:plants9101321. [PMID: 33036299 PMCID: PMC7601759 DOI: 10.3390/plants9101321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Revised: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/03/2020] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
In this work, the seed morpho-colorimetric differentiation of the Sardinian endemic species of Anchusa (Boraginaceae) was evaluated. In Sardinia, the Anchusa genus includes the following seven taxa: A. capellii, A. crispa ssp. crispa, A. crispa ssp. maritima, A. formosa, A. littorea, A. montelinasana, and A. sardoa. Seed images were acquired using a flatbed scanner and analyzed using the free software package ImageJ. A total of 74 seed morpho-colorimetric features of 2692 seed lots of seven taxa of Anchusa belonging to 17 populations were extrapolated and used to build a database of seed size, shape, and color features. The data were statistically elaborated by the stepwise linear discriminant analysis (LDA) to compare and discriminate each accession and taxon. In addition, the seed morpho-colorimetric differences among coastal and mountainous taxa were evaluated. Considering the ecological conditions, the LDA was able to discriminate among the Anchusa taxa with a correct identification of 87.4% and 90.8% of specimens for mountainous and coastal plants, respectively. Moreover, the LDA of the 17 populations of Anchusa showed a low separation among species and populations within the coastal group, highlighting how the long-distance dispersal by flotation on the sea water surface and the pollination network may influence the similarity patterns observed. In addition, a misattribution was observed for A. crispa ssp. crispa, which was misclassified as A. crispa ssp. maritima in 14.1% of cases, while A. crispa ssp. maritima was misidentified as A. crispa ssp. crispa in 21.1% of cases, highlighting a close phenotypic relationship between these two taxa. The statistical results obtained through the seed image analysis showed that the morpho-colorimetric features of the seeds provide important information about the adaptation and evolution of Anchusa taxa in Sardinia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuele Farris
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Farmacia, Università di Sassari, Via Piandanna 4, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (E.F.); (A.A.)
| | - Martino Orrù
- Independent researcher, via Nazionale, 09023 Monastir (CA), Italy;
| | - Mariano Ucchesu
- Centre for the Conservation of Biodiversity (CCB), Life and Environmental Sciences Department, University of Cagliari (DiSVA), Viale S. Ignazio da Laconi 11-13, 09123 Cagliari, Italy; (M.U.); (G.B.)
| | - Arianna Amadori
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Farmacia, Università di Sassari, Via Piandanna 4, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (E.F.); (A.A.)
| | - Marco Porceddu
- Centre for the Conservation of Biodiversity (CCB), Life and Environmental Sciences Department, University of Cagliari (DiSVA), Viale S. Ignazio da Laconi 11-13, 09123 Cagliari, Italy; (M.U.); (G.B.)
- Sardinian Germplasm Bank (BG-SAR), Hortus Botanicus Karalitanus (HBK), University of Cagliari, Viale S. Ignazio da Laconi, 9-11, 09123 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Gianluigi Bacchetta
- Centre for the Conservation of Biodiversity (CCB), Life and Environmental Sciences Department, University of Cagliari (DiSVA), Viale S. Ignazio da Laconi 11-13, 09123 Cagliari, Italy; (M.U.); (G.B.)
- Sardinian Germplasm Bank (BG-SAR), Hortus Botanicus Karalitanus (HBK), University of Cagliari, Viale S. Ignazio da Laconi, 9-11, 09123 Cagliari, Italy
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Ghavam M, Manca ML, Manconi M, Bacchetta G. Chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of essential oils obtained from leaves and flowers of Salvia hydrangea DC. ex Benth. Sci Rep 2020; 10:15647. [PMID: 32973295 PMCID: PMC7519093 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-73193-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The majority of essential oils obtained from vascular plants have been demonstrated to be effective in treating fungal and bacterial infections. Among others, Salvia hydrangea is an endemic half-shrub belonging to the Lamiaceae family that has been widely used from ancient times in Iranian traditional medicine. The aim of this study was to compare the composition and antimicrobial properties of essential oils obtained from leaves or flowers of this plant, collected from the Daran region of Iran during June 2018. The oils were obtained using Clevenger apparatus, their composition was evaluated by means of gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) and the antimicrobial properties were assayed by measuring inhibition halos, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC). The yield of leaf oil was ~ 0.25% and that of flower oil was ~ 0.28%. Oil composition was affected by the part of the plants used: the most abundant bioactives contained in leaf essential oil were (+)-spathulenol (16.07%), 1,8-cineole (13.96%), trans-caryophyllene (9.58%), β-pinene (8.91%) and β-eudesmol (5.33%) and those in flower essential oil were caryophyllene oxide (35.47%), 1,8-cineole (9.54%), trans-caryophyllene (6.36%), β-eudesmol (4.11%), caryophyllenol-II (3.46%) and camphor (3.33%). Both the oils showed a significant inhibitory and lethal effect on the Gram-negative bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa (MIC ~ 16 µg/mL), Shigella dysenteriae and Klebsiella pneumoniae (MIC ~ 62 µg/mL). Therefore, the essential oils obtained from both leaves and flowers of S. hydrangea may have potential application as bactericidal agents against some bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mansureh Ghavam
- Department of Range and Watershed Management, Faculty of Natural Resources and Earth Sciences, University of Kashan, Kashan, Iran.
| | - Maria Letizia Manca
- Department Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Maria Manconi
- Department Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Gianluigi Bacchetta
- Department Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
- Hortus Botanicus Karalitanus (HBK), University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
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Manca ML, Casula E, Marongiu F, Bacchetta G, Sarais G, Zaru M, Escribano-Ferrer E, Peris JE, Usach I, Fais S, Scano A, Orrù G, Maroun RG, Fadda AM, Manconi M. From waste to health: sustainable exploitation of grape pomace seed extract to manufacture antioxidant, regenerative and prebiotic nanovesicles within circular economy. Sci Rep 2020; 10:14184. [PMID: 32843707 PMCID: PMC7447760 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-71191-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Pomace seed extract loaded vesicles were prepared as promising technological and green solution to exploit agri-food wastes and by-products, and develop high value-added products for human health. An antioxidant extract rich in bioactive compounds (epicatechins, catechin, gallic acid, quercetin and procynidins) was obtained from the seeds isolated from the pomace of Cannonau red grape cultivar. The extract was incorporated into phospholipid vesicles ad hoc formulated for intestinal delivery, by combining them, for the first time, whit a maltodextrin (Glucidex). Glucidex-transfersomes, glucidex-hyalurosomes and glucidex-hyalutransferomes were prepared, characterized and tested. Glucidex-liposomes were used as reference. All vesicles were small in size (~ 150 nm), homogeneously dispersed and negatively charged. Glucidex-transfersomes and especially glucidex-hyalutransfersomes disclosed an unexpected resistance to acidic pH and high ionic strength, as they maintained their physico-chemical properties (size and size distribution) after dilution at pH 1.2 simulating the harsh gastric conditions. Vesicles were highly biocompatible and able to counteract the oxidative damages induced in Caco-2 cells by using hydrogen peroxide. Moreover, they promoted the formation of Lactobacillus reuteri biofilm acting as prebiotic formulation. Overall results suggest the potential of glucidex-hyalutransfersomes as food supplements for the treatment of intestinal disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Letizia Manca
- Section of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Via Ospedale 72, 09124, Cagliari, Italy.
| | - Eleonora Casula
- Section of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Via Ospedale 72, 09124, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Francesca Marongiu
- Section of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Via Ospedale 72, 09124, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Gianluigi Bacchetta
- Section of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Via Ospedale 72, 09124, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Giorgia Sarais
- Section of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Via Ospedale 72, 09124, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Marco Zaru
- Icnoderm Srl, Sardegna Ricerche Ed. 5, Pula, 09010, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Elvira Escribano-Ferrer
- Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics Unit, Institute for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - José Esteban Peris
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology and Parasitology, University of Valencia, Burjassot, 46100, Valencia, Spain
| | - Iris Usach
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology and Parasitology, University of Valencia, Burjassot, 46100, Valencia, Spain
| | - Sara Fais
- Department of Surgical Science, Molecular Biology Service Lab (MBS), University of Cagliari, Via Ospedale 40, 09124, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Alessandra Scano
- Department of Surgical Science, Molecular Biology Service Lab (MBS), University of Cagliari, Via Ospedale 40, 09124, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Germano Orrù
- Department of Surgical Science, Molecular Biology Service Lab (MBS), University of Cagliari, Via Ospedale 40, 09124, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Richard G Maroun
- Centre d'Analyses et de Recherche, UR GPF, Laboratoire CTA, Faculté Des Sciences, Université Saint-Joseph, B.P. 11-514 Riad El Solh, Beirut, 1107 2050, Lebanon
| | - Anna Maria Fadda
- Section of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Via Ospedale 72, 09124, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Maria Manconi
- Section of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Via Ospedale 72, 09124, Cagliari, Italy
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Abdelaal M, Fois M, Dakhil MA, Bacchetta G, El-Sherbeny GA. Predicting the Potential Current and Future Distribution of the Endangered Endemic Vascular Plant Primula boveana Decne. ex Duby in Egypt. Plants (Basel) 2020; 9:E957. [PMID: 32751359 PMCID: PMC7463592 DOI: 10.3390/plants9080957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 07/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Knowledge about population attributes, current geographic distribution, and changes over predicted climate change for many threatened endemic vascular plants is particularly limited in arid mountain environments. Primula boveana is one of the rarest and threatened plants worldwide, surviving exclusively in Saint Catherine Protectorate in the Sinaic biogeographic subsector of Egypt. This study aimed to define the current state of P. boveana populations, predict its current potential distribution, and use the best-model outputs to guide in field sampling and to forecast its future distribution under two climate change scenarios. The MaxEnt algorithm was used by relating 10 occurrence-points with different environmental predictors (27 bioclimatic, 3 topographic, and 8 edaphic factors). At the current knowledge level, the population size of P. boveana consists of 796 individuals, including 137 matures, distributed in only 250 m2. The Canonical Correlation Analysis (CCorA) displayed that population attributes (density, cover, size index, and plant vigor) were positively correlated with elevation, precipitation, and pH. Based on the best-fitting model, most predicted suitable central sites (69 km2) of P. boveana were located in the cool shaded high-elevated middle northern part of St. Catherine. Elevation, precipitation, temperature, and soil pH were the key contributors to P. boveana distribution in Egypt. After field trips in suitable predicted sites, we confirmed five extinct localities where P. boveana has been previously recorded and no new population was found. The projected map showed an upward range shift through the contraction of sites between 1800 and 2000 m and expansion towards high elevation (above 2000 m) at the southern parts of the St. Catherine area. To conserve P. boveana, it is recommended to initiate in situ conservation through reinforcement and reintroduction actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Abdelaal
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Center for Conservation of Biodiversity (CCB), University of Cagliari, Viale S. Ignazio da Laconi 13, 09123 Cagliari, Italy; (M.F.); (G.B.)
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt;
| | - Mauro Fois
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Center for Conservation of Biodiversity (CCB), University of Cagliari, Viale S. Ignazio da Laconi 13, 09123 Cagliari, Italy; (M.F.); (G.B.)
| | - Mohammed A. Dakhil
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Cairo 11790, Egypt;
| | - Gianluigi Bacchetta
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Center for Conservation of Biodiversity (CCB), University of Cagliari, Viale S. Ignazio da Laconi 13, 09123 Cagliari, Italy; (M.F.); (G.B.)
- Hortus Botanicus Karalitanus (HBK), University of Cagliari, Viale S. Ignazio da Laconi 9–11, 09123 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Ghada A. El-Sherbeny
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt;
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Cuena-Lombraña A, Porceddu M, Dettori CA, Bacchetta G. Predicting the consequences of global warming on Gentiana lutea germination at the edge of its distributional and ecological range. PeerJ 2020; 8:e8894. [PMID: 32411511 PMCID: PMC7210811 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.8894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Temperature is the main environmental factor controlling seed germination; it determines both the percentage and the rate of germination. According to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, the global mean surface temperature could increase of approximately 2–4 °C by 2090–2099. As a consequence of global warming, the period of snow cover is decreasing on several mountain areas. Thermal time approach can be used to characterise the seed germination of plants and to evaluate the germination behaviour under the climate change scenarios. In this study, the effect of different cold stratification periods on seed dormancy release and germination of Gentiana lutea subsp. lutea, a taxon listed in Annex V of the Habitats Directive (92/43/EEC), was evaluated. Furthermore, the thermal requirements and the consequences of the temperature rise for seed germination of this species were estimated. In addition, a conceptual representation of the thermal time approach is presented. Methods Seeds of G. lutea subsp. lutea were harvested from at least 50 randomly selected plants in two representative localities of the Gennargentu massif (Sardinia). Germination tests were carried out under laboratory conditions and the responses at 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30 °C were recorded. Different cold stratification pre-treatments at 1 ± 1 °C (i.e. 0, 15, 30, 60 and 90 days) were applied. Successively, the base temperature (Tb) and the number of thermal units (θ, °Cd) for germination were estimated. Additionally, this study examined the consequences of an increase in temperatures based on the Representative Concentration Pathways (RPC) scenarios. Results The results indicated that from 0 to 30 days of cold stratification, the germination was null or very low. After 60 and 90 days of cold stratification the seed dormancy was removed; however, 25 and 30 °C negatively affected the germination capacity of non-dormant seeds. Seeds cold-stratified for 90 days showed a lower Tb than those stratified for 60 days. However, 60 and 90 days of cold stratification did not cause great variations in the thermal time units. Analysing the RPC scenarios, we detected that the number of days useful for dormancy release of seeds of G. lutea may be less than 30 days, a condition that does not permit an effective dormancy release. Conclusions We conclude that seeds of G. lutea need at least 60 days of cold stratification to remove dormancy and promote the germination. The thermal time model developed in this work allowed us to identify the thermal threshold requirements of seed germination of this species, increasing the knowledge of a plant threatened by global warming. Our results emphasise the need for further studies aiming at a better characterisation of germination efficiency, especially for species that require cold stratification. This would improve the knowledge on the germination mechanisms of adaptation to different future global warming conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alba Cuena-Lombraña
- Sardinian Germplasm Bank (BG-SAR), Hortus Botanicus Karalitanus (HBK), University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy.,Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Centre for the Conservation of Biodiversity (CCB), University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Marco Porceddu
- Sardinian Germplasm Bank (BG-SAR), Hortus Botanicus Karalitanus (HBK), University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy.,Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Centre for the Conservation of Biodiversity (CCB), University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Caterina Angela Dettori
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Centre for the Conservation of Biodiversity (CCB), University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Gianluigi Bacchetta
- Sardinian Germplasm Bank (BG-SAR), Hortus Botanicus Karalitanus (HBK), University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy.,Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Centre for the Conservation of Biodiversity (CCB), University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
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Bartolucci F, Domina G, Andreatta S, Angius R, Ardenghi NMG, Bacchetta G, Ballelli S, Banfi E, Barberis D, Barberis G, Bernardo L, Bertolli A, Bonari G, Bovio M, Briozzo I, Buccomino G, Calvia G, Chianese G, Cibei C, Conti F, Copez M, Crisanti A, Dagnino D, Di Filippo A, Esposito A, Fanni S, Festi F, Forte L, Galasso G, Gentili R, Gottschlich G, Lattanzi E, Liguori P, Locci MC, Longo D, Lonati M, Lucchese F, Marchetti D, Mariotti MG, Menini F, Minuto L, Orrù G, Pala ML, Passalacqua NG, Pellegrino M, Pennesi R, Peruzzi L, Pinzani L, Pirastru G, Prosser F, Ravetto Enri S, Roma-Marzio F, Russo G, Scoppola A, Silletti G, Stinca A, Toffolo C, Tomaselli V, Tondi G, Trenchi M, Turcato C, Nepi C. Notulae to the Italian native vascular flora: 9. IB 2020. [DOI: 10.3897/italianbotanist.9.53429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In this contribution, new data concerning the distribution of native vascular flora in Italy are presented. It includes new records, confirmations, exclusions, and status changes to the Italian administrative regions. Two new combinations are proposed. Nomenclatural and distribution updates, published elsewhere, and corrigenda are provided as Suppl. material 1.
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Galasso G, Domina G, Adorni M, Angiolini C, Apruzzese M, Ardenghi NMG, Assini S, Aversa M, Bacchetta G, Banfi E, Barberis G, Bartolucci F, Bernardo L, Bertolli A, Bonali F, Bonari G, Bonini I, Bracco F, Brundu G, Buccomino G, Buono S, Calvia G, Cambria S, Castagnini P, Ceschin S, Dagnino D, Di Gristina E, Di Turi A, Fascetti S, Ferretti G, Fois M, Gentili R, Gheza G, Gubellini L, Hofmann N, Iamonico D, Ilari A, Király A, Király G, Laface VL, Lallai A, Lazzaro L, Lonati M, Longo D, Lozano V, Lupoletti J, Magrini S, Mainetti A, Manca M, Marchetti D, Mariani F, Mariotti MG, Masin RR, Mei G, Menini F, Merli M, Milani A, Minuto L, Mugnai M, Musarella CM, Olivieri N, Onnis L, Passalacqua NG, Peccenini S, Peruzzi L, Pica A, Pinzani L, Pittarello M, Podda L, Prosser F, Enri SR, Roma-Marzio F, Rosati L, Sarigu M, Scafidi F, Sciandrello S, Selvaggi A, Spampinato G, Stinca A, Tavilla G, Toffolo C, Tomasi G, Turcato C, Villano C, Nepi C. Notulae to the Italian alien vascular flora: 9. IB 2020. [DOI: 10.3897/italianbotanist.9.53401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In this contribution, new data concerning the distribution of vascular flora alien to Italy are presented. It includes new records, confirmations, exclusions, and status changes for Italy or for Italian administrative regions. Furthermore, three new combinations are proposed. Nomenclatural and distribution updates published elsewhere are provided as Suppl. material 1.
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Bartolucci F, Domina G, Ardenghi NMG, Bacaro G, Bacchetta G, Ballarin F, Banfi E, Barberis G, Beccarisi L, Bernardo L, Bonari G, Bonini F, Brullo S, Buono S, Buono V, Calbi M, Caldararo F, Calvia G, Cancellieri L, Cannavò S, Dagnino D, Esposito A, Fascetti S, Filibeck G, Fiorini G, Forte L, Galasso G, Gestri G, Gigante D, Gottschlich G, Gubellini L, Hofmann N, Lastrucci L, Lonati M, Lorenz R, Lunardi L, Magrini S, Mainetti A, Maiorca G, Mereu G, Messa Ballarin RT, Minuto L, Mossini S, Musarella CM, Nimis PL, Passalacqua NG, Peccenini S, Petriglia B, Podda L, Potenza G, Ravetto Enri S, Roma-Marzio F, Rosati L, Ruggero A, Spampinato G, Stinca A, Tiburtini M, Tietto C, Tomaselli V, Turcato C, Viciani D, Wagensommer RP, Nepi C. Notulae to the Italian native vascular flora: 8. IB 2019. [DOI: 10.3897/italianbotanist.8.48626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In this contribution, new data concerning the distribution of native vascular flora in Italy are presented. It includes new records, confirmations, exclusions, and status changes to the Italian administrative regions for taxa in the genera Ajuga, Chamaemelum, Clematis, Convolvulus, Cytisus, Deschampsia, Eleocharis, Epipactis, Euphorbia, Groenlandia, Hedera, Hieracium, Hydrocharis, Jacobaea, Juncus, Klasea, Lagurus, Leersia, Linum, Nerium, Onopordum, Persicaria, Phlomis, Polypogon, Potamogeton, Securigera, Sedum, Soleirolia, Stachys, Umbilicus, Valerianella, and Vinca. Nomenclatural and distribution updates, published elsewhere, and corrigenda are provided as Suppl. material 1.
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Galasso G, Domina G, Andreatta S, Angiolini C, Ardenghi NMG, Aristarchi C, Arnoul M, Azzella MM, Bacchetta G, Bartolucci F, Bodino S, Bommartini G, Bonari G, Buono S, Buono V, Caldarella O, Calvia G, Corti E, D'Antraccoli M, De Luca R, De Mattia F, Di Natale S, Di Turi A, Esposito A, Ferretti G, Fiaschi T, Fogu MC, Forte L, Frigerio J, Gubellini L, Guzzetti L, Hofmann N, Laface VLA, Laghetti G, Lallai A, La Rosa A, Lazzaro L, Lodetti S, Lonati M, Luchino F, Magrini S, Mainetti A, Marignani M, Maruca G, Medagli P, Mei G, Menini F, Mezzasalma V, Misuri A, Mossini S, Mugnai M, Musarella CM, Nota G, Olivieri N, Padula A, Pascale M, Pasquini F, Peruzzi L, Picella G, Pinzani L, Pirani S, Pittarello M, Podda L, Enri SR, Rifici CD, Roma-Marzio F, Romano R, Rosati L, Scafidi F, Scarici E, Scarici M, Spampinato G, Stinca A, Wagensommer RP, Zanoni G, Nepi C. Notulae to the Italian alien vascular flora: 8. IB 2019. [DOI: 10.3897/italianbotanist.8.48621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In this contribution, new data concerning the distribution of vascular flora alien to Italy are presented. It includes new records, confirmations, exclusions, and status changes for Italy or for Italian administrative regions of taxa in the genera Bunias, Calocedrus, Calycanthus, Celosia, Clerodendrum, Convolvulus, Crassula, Cyclamen, Datura, Dicliptera, Eragrostis, Erigeron, Gamochaeta, Gazania, Impatiens, Kolkwitzia, Leucaena, Ludwigia, Medicago, Muscari, Nigella, Oenothera, Opuntia, Paulownia, Petroselinum, Phyllostachys, Physalis, Pseudosasa, Quercus, Reynoutria, Roldana, Saccharum, Sedum, Semiarundinaria, Senecio, Sisyrinchium, Solanum, Sporobolus, Tulipa, Vachellia, Verbena, and Youngia. Nomenclatural and distribution updates published elsewhere are provided as Suppl. material 1.
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Sarigu M, Porceddu M, Schmitt E, Camarda I, Bacchetta G. Taxonomic discrimination of the Paeonia mascula group in the Tyrrhenian Islands by seed image analysis. SYST BIODIVERS 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/14772000.2019.1685607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marco Sarigu
- Sardinian Germplasm Bank (BG-SAR), Hortus Botanicus Karalitanus (HBK), University of Cagliari, Viale S. Ignazio da Laconi, 9-11, Cagliari, 09123, Italy
- Life and Environmental Sciences Department, Centre for the Conservation of Biodiversity (CCB), University of Cagliari, Viale S. Ignazio da Laconi 11–13, Cagliari, 09123, Italy
| | - Marco Porceddu
- Sardinian Germplasm Bank (BG-SAR), Hortus Botanicus Karalitanus (HBK), University of Cagliari, Viale S. Ignazio da Laconi, 9-11, Cagliari, 09123, Italy
- Life and Environmental Sciences Department, Centre for the Conservation of Biodiversity (CCB), University of Cagliari, Viale S. Ignazio da Laconi 11–13, Cagliari, 09123, Italy
| | - Eric Schmitt
- Unité Evolution, Ecologie et Paléontologie (Evo-Eco-Paléo), UMR 8198, Sciences et Technologies, SERRES, University of Lille, Lille, 59655 Villeneuve d’Ascq, France
| | | | - Gianluigi Bacchetta
- Sardinian Germplasm Bank (BG-SAR), Hortus Botanicus Karalitanus (HBK), University of Cagliari, Viale S. Ignazio da Laconi, 9-11, Cagliari, 09123, Italy
- Life and Environmental Sciences Department, Centre for the Conservation of Biodiversity (CCB), University of Cagliari, Viale S. Ignazio da Laconi 11–13, Cagliari, 09123, Italy
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48
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Cotrim MF, da Silva JB, Lourenço FMDS, Teixeira AV, Gava R, Alves CZ, Candido ACDS, Campos CNS, Pereira MD, Torres SB, Bacchetta G, Teodoro PE. Studying the link between physiological performance of Crotalaria ochroleuca and the distribution of Ca, P, K and S in seeds with X-ray fluorescence. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0222987. [PMID: 31557223 PMCID: PMC6762162 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0222987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This study describes the use of X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy in Crotalaria ochroleuca seed technology. This work evaluated X-ray fluorescence techniques to estimate the physiological performance of different C. ochroleuca seed coat colours based on the concentration and distribution of Ca, P, K, and S in seed structures. The treatments consisted of seeds separated by coat colours (yellow, green, and red) and a control treatment (colour mix according to their natural occurrence in commercial lots), and was carried out in a completely randomized design, with four replications. The physiological performance was evaluated by analyzing the water content, germination, first germination count, germination speed index, electrical conductivity, seedling emergence, and seedling length and dry mass. X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy techniques were carried out with quantitative analyses (Ca, P, K, and S concentration in the seed coat and the whole seed) and qualitative analyses (macronutrient mapping). The EDXRF and μ-XRF techniques are efficient and promising to differentiate the physiological performance of C. ochroleuca seeds, based on the concentration and distribution of Ca, P, K, and S in different structures. Ca is predominant in the seed coat, and K, S, and P are found throughout the embryonic axis. Seeds of yellow and green coats have higher nutrients concentration and distribution in the embryonic axis, revealing high germinative capacity and physiological performance. Seeds of red coat have higher nutrients concentration in the seed coat and lower assimilation, showing less vigour, which interferes directly in the quality of commercial lots.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Ricardo Gava
- Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul—UFMS, Chapadão do Sul, MS, Brazil
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49
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Pinna MS, Bacchetta G, Cogoni D, Fenu G. Is vegetation an indicator for evaluating the impact of tourism on the conservation status of Mediterranean coastal dunes? Sci Total Environ 2019; 674:255-263. [PMID: 31004901 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.04.120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2019] [Revised: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Mediterranean coastal dunes are threatened by several factors; particularly, tourism causes modifications to the vegetation and the disappearance of endemic species. Understanding the dunes' conservation status is crucial for preserving these vulnerable environments through appropriate management strategies. This study was conducted on 17 Sardinian coastal dunes, with different levels of touristic pressure. We focused on endemic plant species and developed a new endemicity index (EI). Our study aimed: 1) to assess the conservation status by applying the diversity indices; 2) to verify if the study sites would reveal a general pattern based on different degrees of human disturbance and 3) to test the effectiveness of the EI index. Four m2 plots (2 × 2 m) were placed along orthogonal transects to the coastline (446 plots in total), in which all plant species were identified, and their relative abundance was estimated. We found significant differences among the sites for Hdune and EI values but no statistically significant differences in the N values. The EI showed the high naturalistic value of Sardinian coastal dunes and allowed us to distinguish the sites with higher anthropic pressure. We found significant differences in the indices among the degrees of human disturbance in the coastal systems. The Hdune values were positively related to a medium level of human disturbance, and the EI allowed us to distinguish the sites with varying levels of human disturbance, although it differentiated better those with the highest anthropic pressure. A medium level of human disturbance was positively related to the plant richness and cover, and human trampling could be tolerated by psammophilous vascular plants. Results showed a satisfactory conservation status of Sardinian dune systems and highlighted diversity indices as valuable support for implementing a conservation strategy, compatible with the tourism purposes and the integrated management of the Mediterranean coastal dune systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Pinna
- Centro Conservazione Biodiversità (CCB), Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, Viale Sant'Ignazio da Laconi 13, I-09123 Cagliari, Italia
| | - G Bacchetta
- Centro Conservazione Biodiversità (CCB), Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, Viale Sant'Ignazio da Laconi 13, I-09123 Cagliari, Italia
| | - D Cogoni
- Centro Conservazione Biodiversità (CCB), Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, Viale Sant'Ignazio da Laconi 13, I-09123 Cagliari, Italia.
| | - G Fenu
- Centro Conservazione Biodiversità (CCB), Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, Viale Sant'Ignazio da Laconi 13, I-09123 Cagliari, Italia
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50
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Galasso G, Domina G, Ardenghi NM, Aristarchi C, Bacchetta G, Bartolucci F, Bonari G, Bouvet D, Brundu G, Buono S, Caldarella O, Calvia G, Cano-Ortiz A, Corti E, D’Amico F, D’Antraccoli M, Di Turi A, Dutto M, Fanfarillo E, Ferretti G, Fiaschi T, Ganz C, Guarino R, Iberite M, Laface VL, La Rosa A, Lastrucci L, Latini M, Lazzaro L, Lonati M, Lozano V, Luchino F, Magrini S, Mainetti A, Manca M, Mugnai M, Musarella CM, Nicolella G, Olivieri N, Orrù I, Pazienza G, Peruzzi L, Podda L, Prosser F, Ravetto Enri S, Restivo S, Roma-Marzio F, Ruggero A, Scoppola A, Selvi F, Spampinato G, Stinca A, Terzi M, Tiburtini M, Tornatore E, Vetromile R, Nepi C. Notulae to the Italian alien vascular flora: 7. IB 2019. [DOI: 10.3897/italianbotanist.7.36386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In this contribution, new data concerning the distribution of vascular flora alien to Italy are presented. It includes new records, confirmations, and status changes for Italy or for Italian administrative regions of taxa in the genera Abies, Actinidia, Aloe, Amaryllis, Anredera, Arctotheca, Bidens, Cardiospermum, Celosia, Commelina, Cotoneaster, Cyclamen, Eclipta, Euphorbia, Grevillea, Hedera, Hibiscus, Impatiens, Juglans, Kalanchoe, Koelreuteria, Lindernia, Melinis, Myriophyllum, Nandina, Nicotiana, Oenothera, Oxalis, Parthenocissus, Phoenix, Phyllanthus, Physalis, Plumbago, Pteris, Quercus, Setaria, Symphytum, Tagetes, and Washingtonia. Nomenclatural and distribution updates, published elsewhere are provided as Suppl. material 1.
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