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Alimi D, Hraoui M, Hajri A, Taamalli W, Selmi S, Sebai H. Bioactivity and molecular docking studies of selected plant compounds. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2024; 104:4391-4399. [PMID: 38323805 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.13327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The shortcomings of synthetic pesticides are becoming increasingly evident. In the pursuit of looking for alternative, environmentally friendly pesticides, the potential use of two naturally occurring sesquiterpenes, α-bisabolol and bisabolol oxide A, as bactericides or acaricides, was investigated against three gram-positive and three gram-negative bacteria, and the eggs and larvae of the cattle tick Hyalomma scupense, respectively. The primary targeted site of synthetic insecticides is acetylcholinesterase (AChE), so the inhibitory activity of both sesquiterpenes was evaluated. Then, molecular docking and molecular mechanics generalized Born surface area (MM-GBSA) studies were performed to gain insight into their binding mode in the AChE active site. RESULTS Bisabolol oxide A showed good activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Salmonella enteritidis with inhibition zones ranging from 16 to 34 mm and minimal inhibitory concentration (CIM) of 3.125 mg mL-1. Ovicidal and larvicidal assays revealed promising activity of α-bisabolol and bisabolol oxide A against H. scupense, with bisabolol oxide A being more effective against larval ticks with lethal concentration (LC50) value of 0.78%. Both compounds also displayed potent anti-AChE activity with inhibition concentration (IC50) values of 37.09 and 28.14 μg mL-1, respectively. Furthermore, α-bisabolol and bisabolol oxide A exhibited good and comparable docking scores (-7.289 and -7.139 Kcal mol-1, respectively) and were found to accommodate in the active-site gorge of AChE via hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interactions. CONCLUSION Bisabolol oxide A and, to a lesser degree, α-bisabolol are active against bacteria and ectoparasites and may represent an economical and sustainable alternative to toxic synthetic pesticides to control pathogens. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhouha Alimi
- Laboratory of Functional Physiology and Valorization of Bio-resources (LR23ES08), Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Beja, Beja, Tunisia
- University of Jendouba, Jendouba, Tunisia
| | - Manel Hraoui
- Laboratory of Functional Physiology and Valorization of Bio-resources (LR23ES08), Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Beja, Beja, Tunisia
- University of Jendouba, Jendouba, Tunisia
| | - Azhar Hajri
- Laboratory of Functional Physiology and Valorization of Bio-resources (LR23ES08), Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Beja, Beja, Tunisia
- University of Jendouba, Jendouba, Tunisia
| | - Wael Taamalli
- Laboratory of Olive Biotechnology, Center of Biotechnology of Borj-Cedria, Hammam-Lif, Tunisia
| | - Slimen Selmi
- Laboratory of Functional Physiology and Valorization of Bio-resources (LR23ES08), Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Beja, Beja, Tunisia
- University of Jendouba, Jendouba, Tunisia
| | - Hichem Sebai
- Laboratory of Functional Physiology and Valorization of Bio-resources (LR23ES08), Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Beja, Beja, Tunisia
- University of Jendouba, Jendouba, Tunisia
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Dugan D, Bell RJ, Brkljača R, Rix C, Urban S. A Review of the Ethnobotanical Use, Chemistry and Pharmacological Activities of Constituents Derived from the Plant Genus Geijera ( Rutaceae). Metabolites 2024; 14:81. [PMID: 38392973 PMCID: PMC11154539 DOI: 10.3390/metabo14020081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Geijera Schott is a plant genus of the Rutaceae Juss. (rue and citrus) family, comprising six species which are all native to Oceania. Of the plants belonging to this genus, the most significant species that has a customary use is Geijera parviflora, which was used by Indigenous Australians, primarily as a pain reliever. Herein, a comprehensive review of the literature published on the genus Geijera from 1930 to 2023 was conducted. This is the first review for this plant genus, and it highlights the chemical constituents reported to date, together with the range of pharmacological properties described from the various species and different parts of the plant. These properties include anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial, anti-parasitic, insect repellent, analgesic, neuroactive, and anti-cancer activities. Finally, a reflection on some of the important areas for future focused studies of this plant genus is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepika Dugan
- Marine and Terrestrial Natural Product (MATNAP) Research Group, School of Science (Applied Chemistry and Environmental Science), RMIT University, GPO Box 2476, Melbourne, VIC 3001, Australia; (D.D.); (R.J.B.); (C.R.)
| | - Rachael J. Bell
- Marine and Terrestrial Natural Product (MATNAP) Research Group, School of Science (Applied Chemistry and Environmental Science), RMIT University, GPO Box 2476, Melbourne, VIC 3001, Australia; (D.D.); (R.J.B.); (C.R.)
| | - Robert Brkljača
- Monash Biomedical Imaging, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia;
| | - Colin Rix
- Marine and Terrestrial Natural Product (MATNAP) Research Group, School of Science (Applied Chemistry and Environmental Science), RMIT University, GPO Box 2476, Melbourne, VIC 3001, Australia; (D.D.); (R.J.B.); (C.R.)
| | - Sylvia Urban
- Marine and Terrestrial Natural Product (MATNAP) Research Group, School of Science (Applied Chemistry and Environmental Science), RMIT University, GPO Box 2476, Melbourne, VIC 3001, Australia; (D.D.); (R.J.B.); (C.R.)
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3
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Bouzidi A, Azizi A, Messaoudi O, Abderrezzak K, Vidari G, Hellal AN, Patel CN. Phytochemical analysis, biological activities of methanolic extracts and an isolated flavonoid from Tunisian Limoniastrum monopetalum (L.) Boiss: an in vitro and in silico investigations. Sci Rep 2023; 13:19144. [PMID: 37932358 PMCID: PMC10628221 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-46457-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, due to the dramatic increase of the bacteria resistance to antibiotics and chemotherapeutic drugs, an increasing importance is given to the discovery of novel bioactive molecules, more potent than those in use. In this contest, methanol extracts of different parts of the medicinal plant Limoniastrum monopetalum (L.) Boiss. (Plumbaginaceae), widely occurring in Tunisia, were prepared to evaluate the antimicrobial and antiproliferative activities. The methanol extract of the roots showed the highest antibacterial activity against E. coli, S. aureus and E. faecalis, whereas the stem extract exhibited the highest antiproliferative effects towards a Hela cell line. Analysis of volatile fractions, using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and gas chromatography-flame ionization detector (GC-FID) techniques, led to the identification of camphor as the most abundant constituent, which represented from 84.85 to 99.48% of the methanol extracts. Multiple chromatographic separation of the methanol leaf extract afforded the flavonoid maeopsin-6-O-glucoside (S1) and a few fractions that were subjected to biological activity assays. One fraction exhibited interesting antibacterial activity against E. coli and E. faecalis (MIC values of 62.5 and 78.12 µg/mL, respectively), and antiproliferative effects against Hela and A549 cells (IC50 = 226 and 242.52 μg/mL, respectively). In addition, in silico studies indicated that maesopsin-6-O-glucoside, which was moderately active against Staphylococcus aureus, strongly interacted with the active site of the accessory gene regulator protein A (AgrA) of Staphylococcus aureus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amel Bouzidi
- BTP Laboratory, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Medea, Médéa, Algeria
| | - Ahmed Azizi
- Faculty of Technology, University Amar Telidji, Highway Ghardaia, Post Box G37 (M'kam), 03000, Laghouat, Algeria
| | - Omar Messaoudi
- Laboratory of Applied Microbiology in Food, Biomedical and Environment, Abou Bekr Belkaïd University, 13000, Tlemcen, Algeria
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Amar Telidji, 03000, Laghouat, Algeria
| | - Kirouani Abderrezzak
- BTP Laboratory, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Medea, Médéa, Algeria
| | - Giovanni Vidari
- Department of Medical Analysis, Faculty of Applied Science, Ishk International University, Erbil, 44001, Iraq
| | - Ahmed Noureddine Hellal
- Laboratory of Bioressources, Biology Integrative and Valorization, Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Monastir, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Chirag N Patel
- Department of Botany, Bioinformatics and Climate Change Impacts Management, School of Science, Gujarat University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, 380009, India.
- Biotechnology Research Center, Technology Innovation Institute, 9639, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
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Manzanelli FA, Ravetti S, Brignone SG, Garro AG, Martínez SR, Vallejo MG, Palma SD. Enhancing the Functional Properties of Tea Tree Oil: In Vitro Antimicrobial Activity and Microencapsulation Strategy. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2489. [PMID: 37896249 PMCID: PMC10610334 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15102489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
In the context of addressing antimicrobial drug resistance in periocular infections, Tea Tree Oil (TTO) has emerged as a promising therapeutic option. This study aimed to assess the efficacy of TTO against bacterial strains isolated from ocular infections, with a particular focus on its ability to inhibit biofilm formation. Additionally, we designed and analyzed microcapsules containing TTO to overcome certain unfavorable physicochemical properties and enhance its inherent biological attributes. The quality of TTO was confirmed through rigorous analysis using GC-MS and UV-Vis techniques. Our agar diffusion assay demonstrated the effectiveness of Tea Tree Oil (TTO) against ocular bacterial strains, including Corynebacterium spp., coagulase-negative Staphylococcus spp., and Staphylococcus aureus, as well as a reference strain of Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923). Notably, the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) for all tested microorganisms were found to be 0.2% and 0.4%, respectively, with the exception of Corynebacterium spp., which exhibited resistance to TTO. Furthermore, TTO exhibited a substantial reduction in biofilm biomass, ranging from 30% to 70%, as determined by the MTT method. Through the spray-drying technique, we successfully prepared two TTO-containing formulations with high encapsulation yields (80-85%), microencapsulation efficiency (90-95%), and embedding rates (approximately 40%). These formulations yielded microcapsules with diameters of 6-12 μm, as determined by laser scattering particle size distribution analysis, and exhibited regular, spherical morphologies under scanning electron microscopy. Importantly, UV-Vis analysis post-encapsulation confirmed the presence of TTO within the capsules, with preserved antioxidant and antimicrobial activities. In summary, our findings underscore the substantial therapeutic potential of TTO and its microcapsules for treating ocular infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franco Antonio Manzanelli
- Centro de Investigaciones y Transferencia de Villa María (CIT VM), Villa María 5900, Argentina; (F.A.M.); (S.R.)
| | - Soledad Ravetti
- Centro de Investigaciones y Transferencia de Villa María (CIT VM), Villa María 5900, Argentina; (F.A.M.); (S.R.)
- Instituto Académico Pedagógico de Ciencias Humanas, Universidad Nacional de Villa María, Villa María 5900, Argentina;
| | - Sofia Gisella Brignone
- Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo en Tecnología Farmacéutica (UNITEFA), CONICET, Córdoba 5000, Argentina; (S.G.B.); (M.G.V.)
- Departamento de Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba 5000, Argentina
| | - Ariel Gustavo Garro
- Instituto Académico Pedagógico de Ciencias Humanas, Universidad Nacional de Villa María, Villa María 5900, Argentina;
- Ministerio de Ciencia y Tecnología, Gobierno de Córdoba, Córdoba 5004, Argentina
| | - Sol Romina Martínez
- Instituto de Investigación en Tecnologías Energéticas y Materiales Avanzados (IITEMA), CONICET, Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físico-Químicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Río Cuarto 5804, Argentina;
| | - Mariana Guadalupe Vallejo
- Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo en Tecnología Farmacéutica (UNITEFA), CONICET, Córdoba 5000, Argentina; (S.G.B.); (M.G.V.)
- Departamento de Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba 5000, Argentina
| | - Santiago Daniel Palma
- Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo en Tecnología Farmacéutica (UNITEFA), CONICET, Córdoba 5000, Argentina; (S.G.B.); (M.G.V.)
- Departamento de Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba 5000, Argentina
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Nguyen L, DeVico B, Mannan M, Chang M, Rada Santacruz C, Siragusa C, Everhart S, Fazen CH. Tea Tree Essential Oil Kills Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus epidermidis Persisters. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1404. [PMID: 37759804 PMCID: PMC10526169 DOI: 10.3390/biom13091404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Persister cells are a small subpopulation of non-growing bacteria within a population that can survive long exposures to antibiotic treatment. Following antibiotic removal, persister cells can regrow and populate, playing a key role in the chronic reoccurrence of bacterial infections. The development of new molecules and methods to kill bacterial persisters is critical. Essential oils and other natural products have long been studied for their antimicrobial effects. Here, we studied the effectiveness of tea tree essential oil (TTO), a common component in many commercial care products, against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus epidermidis persister cells. Using biphasic kill curve assays, we found that concentrations of 0.5% and 1.0% TTO for E. coli and S. epidermidis, respectively, completely eradicated persister cells over a period of 24 h, with the component terpinen-4-ol responsible for most of the killing. Using a colorimetric assay, it was determined that the TTO exhibited its anti-persister effects through a membrane disruption mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Christopher H. Fazen
- Department of Chemistry, Drew University, Madison, NJ 07940, USA; (L.N.); (B.D.); (M.M.); (M.C.); (C.R.S.); (C.S.); (S.E.)
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Isık I, Yenipazar H, Saygun A, Sahin Yesilcubuk N, Ozkan Zayim E, Catalgil Giz H. Aloe vera Oil-Added Agar Gelatin Edible Films for Kashar Cheese Packaging. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:18516-18522. [PMID: 37273584 PMCID: PMC10233849 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c00147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, there has been a growing interest in edible and biodegradable films due to their sustainability, environmental friendliness, and their functionality. In this work, Aloe vera oil-added agar-gelatin films were prepared and characterized in terms of water content, degree of swelling, water solubility, antioxidant activity, and antimicrobial activity. The possibility of using these edible films for Kashar cheese packaging during cold storage was investigated. Physical, chemical, and microbiological properties of the packaged cheese samples were examined for 20 days of cold storage at 4 °C. A. vera oil-added films were found to have antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus and antifungal activities against Aspergillus niger and Candida albicans. A. vera oil-added films showed high antioxidant activities, increasing with the increasing A. vera oil percentage in the formulation. The current study showed that at the end of 20 days of storage period, bacterial growth in A. vera oil-incorporated film-covered samples was 2.30 log CFU/g lower than the control samples, and the amount of yeast and mold in A. vera oil-added film-covered samples was 3.37 log CFU/g lower than control samples. This shows the efficiency of A. vera oil-incorporated agar-gelatin films during the refrigerated storage period. Our data evidenced the positive effect of A. vera oil-added agar-gelatin films on Kashar cheese packaging as an innovative and sustainable technique to maintain cheese quality and prevent food loss during storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isılay Isık
- Department
of Food Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, Maslak, Istanbul TR 34469, Türkiye
| | - Hande Yenipazar
- Department
of Food Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, Maslak, Istanbul TR 34469, Türkiye
| | - Ayse Saygun
- Department
of Food Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, Maslak, Istanbul TR 34469, Türkiye
| | - Nese Sahin Yesilcubuk
- Department
of Food Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, Maslak, Istanbul TR 34469, Türkiye
| | - Esra Ozkan Zayim
- Department
of Physics Engineering, Faculty of Science and Letters, Istanbul Technical University, Maslak, Istanbul TR 34469, Türkiye
| | - Huceste Catalgil Giz
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Letters, Istanbul Technical University, Maslak, Istanbul TR 34469, Türkiye
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Mohammed A, Aabed K, Benabdelkamel H, Shami A, Alotaibi MO, Alanazi M, Alfadda AA, Rahman I. Proteomic Profiling Reveals Cytotoxic Mechanisms of Action and Adaptive Mechanisms of Resistance in Porphyromonas gingivalis: Treatment with Juglans regia and Melaleuca alternifolia. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:12980-12991. [PMID: 37065043 PMCID: PMC10099446 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c00168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
The increasing trend in the rise of antibiotic-resistant bacteria pushes research to discover new efficacious antibacterial agents from natural and synthetic sources. Porphyromonas gingivalis is a well-known bacterium commonly known for causing periodontal disease, and it is associated with the pathogenesis of life-changing systemic conditions such as Alzheimer's. Proteomic research can be utilized to test new antibacterial drugs and understand the adaptive resistive mechanisms of bacteria; hence, it is important in the drug discovery process. The current study focuses on identifying the antibacterial effects of Juglans regia (JR) and Melaleuca alternifolia (MA) on P. gingivalis and uses proteomics to identify modes of action while exploring its adaptive mechanisms. JR and MA extracts were tested for antibacterial efficacy using the agar well diffusion assay. A proteomic study was conducted identifying upregulated and downregulated proteins compared to control by 2D-DIGE analysis, and proteins were identified using MADLI-TOF/MS. The bacterial inhibition for JR was 20.14 ± 0.2, and that for MA was 19.72 ± 0.5 mm. Out of 88 differentially expressed proteins, there were 17 common differentially expressed proteins: 10 were upregulated and 7 were downregulated in both treatments. Among the upregulated proteins were Arginine-tRNA ligase, ATP-dependent Clp protease proteolytic, and flavodoxins. In contrast, down-regulated proteins were ATP synthase subunit alpha and quinone, among others, which are known antibacterial targets. STRING analysis indicated a strong network of interactions between differentially expressed proteins, mainly involved in protein translation, post-translational modification, energy production, metabolic pathways, and protein repair and degradation. Both extracts were equi-efficacious at inhibiting P. gingivalis and displayed some overlapping proteomic profiles. However, the MR extract had a greater fold change in its profile than the JA extract. Downregulated proteins indicated similarity in the mode of action, and upregulated proteins appear to be related to adaptive mechanisms important in promoting repair, growth, survival, virulence, and resistance. Hence, both extracts may be useful in preventing P. gingivalis-associated conditions. Furthermore, our results may be helpful to researchers in identifying new antibiotics which may offset these mechanisms of resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afrah
E. Mohammed
- Department
of Biology, College of Science, Princess
Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kawther Aabed
- Department
of Biology, College of Science, Princess
Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hicham Benabdelkamel
- Proteomics
Resource Unit, Obesity Research Center, College of Medicine, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2925 (98), Riyadh 11461, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ashwag Shami
- Department
of Biology, College of Science, Princess
Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Modhi O. Alotaibi
- Department
of Biology, College of Science, Princess
Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mona Alanazi
- Department
of Biology, College of Science, Princess
Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Assim A. Alfadda
- Proteomics
Resource Unit, Obesity Research Center, College of Medicine, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2925 (98), Riyadh 11461, Saudi Arabia
- Department
of Medicine, College of Medicine and King Saud Medical City, King Saud University,
P.O. Box 2925 (98), Riyadh 11461, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ishrat Rahman
- Department
of Basic Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
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Meryem S, Mohamed D, Nour-eddine C, Faouzi E. Chemical composition, antibacterial and antioxidant properties of three Moroccan citrus peel essential oils. SCIENTIFIC AFRICAN 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sciaf.2023.e01592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2023] Open
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Nanda N, S R, S H. Comparative Study of Effects of Endophytic Fungal Silver Nanoparticles and Nanoemulsion on Escherichia coli. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2023:10.1007/s12010-023-04331-1. [PMID: 36689164 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-023-04331-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Green nanotechnology, a branch of nanotechnology, makes use of extract from plants or microorganisms to synthesize nanoparticles. This approach is eco-friendlier and more cost-effective than conventional methods of nanoparticle synthesis. Silver nanoparticles have interested researchers because several studies suggest that they have a wide range of applications in the field of medicine; it is known to serve as a good antimicrobial agent. This study concentrated on the synthesis of silver nanoparticles and nanoemulsion from the extract of an endophytic fungi-Lasiodiplodia theobromae. Nanoemulsion was prepared using an essential oil-tea tree oil from Melaleuca alternifolia (commonly known as tea tree). The nanoparticles were characterized using UV-visible spectra, SEM, FESEM, EDAX, XRD, and FTIR analysis. A comparative antimicrobial study was carried out between endophytic fungal extract-derived nanoparticles (EFNP) and nanoemulsion (EFNE) against two strains of Escherichia coli, through various experimental assays including Agar well diffusion method and assays that determined the minimum inhibitory concentration, minimum bactericidal concentration, and biofilm formation. From the results obtained, it was evident that both EFNP and EFNE had antibacterial activity and that the EFNE worked better than the former. This study suggested that EFNE was a good antibiotic alternative, and further in vivo studies must be done to check the efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Namita Nanda
- School of Life Sciences, B.S. Abdur Rahman Crescent Institute of Science and Technology, Vandalur, Chennai, 600048, India
| | - Ranjani S
- School of Life Sciences, B.S. Abdur Rahman Crescent Institute of Science and Technology, Vandalur, Chennai, 600048, India
| | - Hemalatha S
- School of Life Sciences, B.S. Abdur Rahman Crescent Institute of Science and Technology, Vandalur, Chennai, 600048, India.
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First Evidence of a Combination of Terpinen-4-ol and α-Terpineol as a Promising Tool against ESKAPE Pathogens. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27217472. [PMID: 36364298 PMCID: PMC9654757 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27217472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance is a major public health issue raising growing concern in the face of dwindling response options. It is therefore urgent to find new anti-infective molecules enabling us to fight effectively against ever more numerous bacterial infections caused by ever more antibiotic-resistant bacteria. In this quest for new antibacterials, essential oils (or compounds extracted from essential oils) appear to be a promising therapeutic option. In the present work, we investigate the potential antibacterial synergy between a combination of terpinen-4-ol and α-terpineol (10:1) compared to standard tea tree oil. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) were determined. Then, time kill assays, in vitro cytotoxicity and bactericidal activity on latent bacteria (persisters) were investigated. Finally, an in silico study of the pharmacokinetic parameters of α-terpineol was also performed. Altogether, our data demonstrate that the combination of terpinen-4-ol and α-terpineol might be a precious weapon to address ESKAPE pathogens.
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Unveiling Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Compositional Differences between Dukkah and Za'atar via SPME-GCMS and HPLC-DAD. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27196471. [PMID: 36235006 PMCID: PMC9572683 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27196471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Interest in plant-based diets has been on the rise in recent years owing to the potential health benefits of their individual components and the notion that plant-based diets might reduce the incidence of several diseases. Egyptian dukkah and Syrian za’atar are two of the most historic and famous Middle Eastern herbal blends used for their anti-inflammatory, hypolipidemic, and antidiabetic effects. Headspace SPME-GCMS and HPLC-DAD were adopted for characterizing the aroma profile and phenolic compounds of both herbal blends, respectively. Further, vapor-phase minimum inhibitory concentration was employed for assessing each blend’s antibacterial potential, while their antioxidant potential was estimated via in vitro antioxidant assays. SPME headspace analysis indicated the abundance of ethers and monoterpene hydrocarbons, while HPLC revealed the presence of several phenolics including rosmarinic acid, ferulic acid, and rutin. Biological investigations affirmed that vapor-phase of the tested blends exhibited antibacterial activities against Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogens, while the antioxidant potential of the blends was investigated and expressed as Trolox (125.15 ± 5.92 to 337.26 ± 13.84 μM T eq/mg) and EDTA (18.08 ± 1.62 to 51.69 41 ± 5.33 μM EDTA eq/mg) equivalent. The presented study offers the first insight into the chemical profile and biological activities of both dukkah and za’atar.
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Rai VK, Chanda D, Chanotiya CS, Yadav NP. A combination of linalool and linalyl acetate synergistically alleviates imiquimod-induced psoriasis-like skin inflammation in BALB/c mice. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:913174. [PMID: 35991888 PMCID: PMC9388787 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.913174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disorder characterized by keratinocyte hyperproliferation and differentiation with increased immune cell infiltration. The anti-psoriatic effect of lavender oil has been reported. However, its phytoconstituents, linalool (L) and linalyl acetate (LA), showed a distinctive affinity with psoriasis targets. Objectives: This investigation was aimed to determine the combined effect of L and LA in ameliorating psoriasis-like skin inflammation and its safety in long-term topical uses. Methods: The combined effect of L and LA was compared with their individual effects. The anti-psoriatic activity was performed using imiquimod (IMQ)-induced psoriasis in BALB/c mice and evaluated to reduce PASI and CosCam scores and Th-1 and Th-17 cell-specific cytokine levels. The acute and repeated dose dermal toxicities were investigated as per the OECD guidelines. Results: L and LA combination (LLA) in the 1:1 w/w ratio at 2% concentration showed a synergistic effect. The combination showed 76.31% and 71.29% recovery in PASI and CosCam Scores; however, L2% and LA2% showed 64.28% and 47.61% recovery in PASI and 64.75 and 56.76% recovery in CosCam scores, respectively. It showed >90% and >100% recovery in Th-17 and Th-1 cell-specific cytokines, respectively, and restored epidermal hyperplasia and parakeratosis toward normal compared with psoriatic mice. A marked reduction in NF-κB, cck6, and the IL-17 expression was also observed in the LLA-treated group. This combination was safe in a therapeutically effective dose for 28 days as no significant changes were observed in organ and body weights, liver and kidney parameters, and differential leukocyte counts. Conclusion: This study proves the synergy between L and LA in a 1:1 w/w ratio at 2% in the treatment of psoriasis-like skin inflammation and provides strong scientific evidence for its safe topical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vineet Kumar Rai
- Bio-prospection and Product Development Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, U. P., India
| | - Debabrata Chanda
- Bio-prospection and Product Development Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, U. P., India
| | - Chandan Singh Chanotiya
- Phytochemistry Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, U. P., India
| | - Narayan Prasad Yadav
- Bio-prospection and Product Development Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, U. P., India
- *Correspondence: Narayan Prasad Yadav, ,
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A Background Search on the Potential Role of Scutellaria and Its Essential Oils. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:7265445. [PMID: 35968239 PMCID: PMC9365597 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7265445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Scutellaria (Lamiaceae), which contains over 350 species, usually known as skullcaps, is found throughout Europe, the United States, and East Asia. In traditional Chinese medicine, several species are used to wipe out heat-evil and remove surface ills (TCM). The current study examines the ethnopharmacology, biological activity, and chemical substances associated with Scutellaria species. More than 295 chemicals, including flavonoids and diterpenes, have been identified. Scutellaria and its active principles have been shown in studies to have a wide range of pharmacological activities, including antioxidant, antimicrobial, antifeedant, phytotoxic, acaricidal toxicity, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and antianalgesic activities. Currently, effective monomeric compounds or active components from Scutellaria have been evaluated for pharmacological action in vivo and in vitro. More data facilitates applications and exploitation of novel medication development.
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The Role of Herbal Medicine in the Treatment of Acne Vulgaris: A Systematic Review of Clinical Trials. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:2011945. [PMID: 35754694 PMCID: PMC9217581 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2011945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Over the past few decades, interest in medicinal plants and phytochemicals for the treatment of skin disorders, including acne vulgaris, has progressively increased. Acne vulgaris is a chronic inflammatory disease of the pilosebaceous unit, which mainly occurs in adolescents and young adults. The treatment focuses on the four main factors involved in its pathogenesis: increased sebum production, hyperkeratinization, overgrowth of Cutibacterium acnes, and inflammation. The treatment includes topical retinoids, benzoyl peroxide, antibiotics, and oral isotretinoin. In this regard, the use of herbal medicine as a complementary and alternative medicine is a promising strategy. The main objective of this study was to systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of medicinal plants and phytochemicals in the treatment of acne vulgaris. Three scientific databases (PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus) were searched from inception to January 2021. Clinical trials comparing herbal therapies with placebo or other medicines for the treatment of acne vulgaris were included and analyzed. Outcome measures of interest comprised acne lesions (inflammatory and noninflammatory), sebum production, acne severity, and quality of life. The risk of bias in the included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was assessed using the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool. A total of 34 clinical trials involving 1753 participants met the inclusion criteria for this systematic review. Most trials showed that herbal medicine significantly reduces inflammatory and noninflammatory acne lesions and has a relevant effect on acne severity. Some medicinal plants revealed equal or higher efficacy to standard treatments. No significant difference between groups in sebum production and quality of life was observed and no severe adverse events were reported. This systematic review provides evidence that medicinal plants and phytochemicals are promising treatments for mild to moderate acne vulgaris. However, more quality of evidence and standardized methodologies are needed to support their effectiveness and safety claims.
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Zhang Z, Zhang X, Fu Z, Cao L, Xiong Z, Tang Y, Feng Y. Fibrous palygorskite clays as versatile nanocarriers for skin delivery of tea tree oils in efficient acne therapy. Int J Pharm 2022; 623:121903. [PMID: 35697203 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.121903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
This paper presents a facile approach to develop palygorskite (Pal), a fibrous clay mineral, as a delivery system of tea tree oil (TTO) for topical acne therapy. The obtained TTO-Pal composite showed an efficient loading of TTO (27.4%) with a selective accumulation of terpine-4-ol and 1,8-cineole (two major antimicrobial TTO constituents), sustained release of TTO at skin physiological conditions (pH5.4, 32 °C) and superior skin sebum (2.2 g/g) absorbability. In vitro toxicological assessments showed that the Pal incorporation strategy significantly reduced the acute contact toxicity of TTO. The antimicrobial results revealed a preferable bacteriostatic effect for the TTO-Pal system towards opportunistic dermal pathogens (Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Propionibacterium acnes) over the beneficial bacterium (Staphylococcus epidermis). Moreover, TTO-Pal based formulations exhibited pronounced clinical therapeutic efficacy in treating facial acne by rapidly reducing inflamed lesions, modulating skin sebum overproduction and restoring barrier function. This is the first report of using fibrous clay as a biocompatible nanocarrier system for topical delivery of essential oils in efficient management of facial acne with both in vitro and in vivo evidences, which may open perspectives for fibrous clay-drug delivery system in topical application and expand the high added value development of this mineral resource in the advanced healthcare fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaolun Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Research and Development, College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Xi Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Research and Development, College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Zhengpeng Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, College of Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Lihua Cao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Research and Development, College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Ziyi Xiong
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Research and Development, College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Ying Tang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Research and Development, College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China.
| | - Yongjun Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, College of Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China; Gansu West Attapulgite Application Research Institute, Baiyin, Gansu 730900, China.
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Antimicrobial, Multidrug Resistance Reversal and Biofilm Formation Inhibitory Effect of Origanum majorana Extracts, Essential Oil and Monoterpenes. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11111432. [PMID: 35684205 PMCID: PMC9183178 DOI: 10.3390/plants11111432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Origanum majorana L. is a widely used medicinal plant; its distilled oil and preparations are extensively utilised in the phytotherapy and food industries. The objective of this study is to evaluate the extracts and the essential oil (EO) of Origanum majorana L, and its monoterpenes for antimicrobial, bacterial multidrug resistance reversing, and biofilm formation inhibitory potency. The composition of EO and n-hexane extract was characterized by GC-MS. In the essential oil terpinen-4-ol (24.92%), trans-sabinene hydrate (25.18%), γ-terpinene (6.48%), cis-sabinene hydrate (5.44%), p-cymene (4.72%), sabinene (4.53%), α-terpineol (4.43%), and α-terpinene (3.00%) were found as the main constituents while trans-sabinene hydrate (1.43%), and terpinen-4-ol (0.19%) were detected in the n-hexane extract besides a series of hydrocarbons. The antibacterial activity of EO and terpinen-4-ol, α-terpinene, and linalool was also assessed against sensitive and drug-resistant S. aureus, and E. coli strains with MIC values of 0.125–0.250% and 30–61 µM, respectively. In the efflux pump (EP) inhibitory assay, made by the ethidium bromide accumulation method in E. coli ATCC 25922, and AG100 and S. aureus ATCC 25923, and MRSA ATCC 43300 strains, EO exhibited substantial activity, especially in the E. coli ATCC 25922 strain. Among the EO constituents, only sabinene was an EP inhibitor in sensitive Escherichia strain. In the case of S. aureus strains, EO and sabinene hydrate exhibited moderate potency on the drug-resistant phenotype. The antibiofilm effects of the samples were tested by crystal violet staining at sub-MIC concentration. γ-Terpinene, terpinen-4-ol, sabinene, sabinene hydrate and linalool were found to be effective inhibitors of biofilm formation (inhibition 36–86%) on E. coli ATCC 25922 and S. aureus MRSA ATCC 43300, while EO was ineffective on these strains. In contrast to this, biofilms formed by E. coli AG100 and S. aureus ATCC 25923 were significantly inhibited by the EO; however, it was not affected by any of the monoterpenes. This observation suggests that the antibiofilm effect might be altered by the synergism between the components of the essential oil.
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Antioxidant and Anti-Colorectal Cancer Properties in Methanolic Extract of Mangrove-Derived Schizochytrium sp. JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/jmse10030431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This work studied the antioxidant and anti-colorectal cancer properties of a potential strain of thraustochytrids, Schizochytrium sp. (SMKK1), isolated from mangrove leaf litter. The biomass was extracted with methanol and screened for antioxidant activity using six different assays. The extract exhibited the highest total antioxidant activity (87.37 ± 1.22%) and the lowest nitric oxide radical (75.12 ± 2.22%), and the activity increased with the concentration of the extract. The methanolic extract was further tested for in vitro cytotoxicity on the colon cancer cell line (HT29). The extract was also analyzed for polyunsaturated fatty acids using GC-MS. The five predominant HTVS-based compounds, viz., arachidonic acid, linolenic acid (alpha-linolenic acid and gamma-linolenic acid), eicosapentaenoic acid, and docosahexaenoic acid, were identified in the extract, and these were tested against the colon cancer protein IGF binding (IGF-1) using the in silico docking method. The results revealed that all the five compounds were capable of destroying the colon oncoprotein responsible for anti-colon carcinogen, based on activation energy and also good hydrogen bond interaction against IGF binding proteins. Of the compounds, docosahexaenoic acid was the most effective, having a docking score of −10.8 Kcal/mol. All the five fatty acids passed the ADMET test and were hence accepted for further clinical trials towards the development of anticancer drugs.
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Agour A, Mssillou I, Mechchate H, Es-safi I, Allali A, Barnossi AE, Al Kamaly O, Alshawwa SZ, El Moussaoui A, Bari A, Lyoussi B, Derwich E. Brocchia cinerea (Delile) Vis. Essential Oil Antimicrobial Activity and Crop Protection against Cowpea Weevil Callosobruchus maculatus (Fab.). PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:583. [PMID: 35270051 PMCID: PMC8912789 DOI: 10.3390/plants11050583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Antibiotics and synthetic pesticides are now playing a role in the spread of resistant pathogens. They continue to have negative consequences for animal and plant health. The goal of this work is to identify the chemical composition of Brocchia cinerea (Delile) Vis. essential oil (EO) using GC-MS(Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometer), evaluate its antimicrobial properties, and investigate its insecticidal and repellent effectiveness against Callosobruchus maculatus (C. maculatus). The GC-MS indicated the presence of 21 chemicals, with thujone (24.9%), lyratyl acetate (24.32%), camphor (13.55%), and 1,8-cineole (10.81%) being the most prominent. For the antimicrobial assay, the yeast Candida albicans was very sensitive to the EO with a growth inhibition diameter of (42.33 mm), followed by Staphylococcus aureus (31.33 mm). Fusarium oxysporum is the mycelia strain that appeared to be extremely sensitive to the utilized EO (88.44%) compared to the two species of Aspergillus (A. flavus (48.44%); A. niger (36.55%)). The results obtained in the microdilution method show that Pseudomonas aeruginosa was very sensitive to the EO, inhibited by a very low dose (0.0018 mg/mL). The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) results were between 0.0149 and 0.06 mg/mL. B. cinerea EO also demonstrated a potent insecticidal effect and a medium repulsive effect against C. maculatus. Thus, the LC50 value in the contact test was 0.61 μL/L of air, lower than that observed in the inhalation test (0.72 μL/L of air). The present study reveals that B. cinerea EO has the potential to be an antimicrobial and insecticidal agent with a better performance against several pathogenic microorganisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdelkrim Agour
- Laboratory of Natural Substances, Pharmacology, Environment, Modeling, Health, and Quality of Life, Faculty of Sciences Dhar El Mahraz, University Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah, Fez 30050, Morocco; (A.A.); (I.M.); (B.L.); (E.D.)
| | - Ibrahim Mssillou
- Laboratory of Natural Substances, Pharmacology, Environment, Modeling, Health, and Quality of Life, Faculty of Sciences Dhar El Mahraz, University Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah, Fez 30050, Morocco; (A.A.); (I.M.); (B.L.); (E.D.)
| | - Hamza Mechchate
- Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 55, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland;
| | - Imane Es-safi
- Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 55, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland;
| | - Aimad Allali
- Laboratory of Animal and Plant Production, Agro-Industry, Faculty of Sciences, Ibn Tofail University, P.O. Box 133, Kenitra 14000, Morocco;
| | - Azeddin El Barnossi
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Environment, Agrifood, and Health, Faculty of Sciences Dhar El Mahraz, University of Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah, Fez 30050, Morocco; (A.E.B.); (A.E.M.); (A.B.)
| | - Omkulthom Al Kamaly
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Samar Zuhair Alshawwa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Abdelfattah El Moussaoui
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Environment, Agrifood, and Health, Faculty of Sciences Dhar El Mahraz, University of Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah, Fez 30050, Morocco; (A.E.B.); (A.E.M.); (A.B.)
| | - Amina Bari
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Environment, Agrifood, and Health, Faculty of Sciences Dhar El Mahraz, University of Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah, Fez 30050, Morocco; (A.E.B.); (A.E.M.); (A.B.)
| | - Badiaa Lyoussi
- Laboratory of Natural Substances, Pharmacology, Environment, Modeling, Health, and Quality of Life, Faculty of Sciences Dhar El Mahraz, University Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah, Fez 30050, Morocco; (A.A.); (I.M.); (B.L.); (E.D.)
| | - Elhoussine Derwich
- Laboratory of Natural Substances, Pharmacology, Environment, Modeling, Health, and Quality of Life, Faculty of Sciences Dhar El Mahraz, University Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah, Fez 30050, Morocco; (A.A.); (I.M.); (B.L.); (E.D.)
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Esperschuetz J, Bloomberg M. The Potential for Temporary Stand-Off Pads Integrated With Poplar and Willow Silvopastoral Systems for Managing Nitrogen Leaching. FRONTIERS IN SUSTAINABLE FOOD SYSTEMS 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fsufs.2021.780890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Intensive pastoral farming has been linked to adverse environmental effects such as soil degradation and increased fluxes of nitrogen, phosphorus, sediments, and pathogens into waterways, resulting in their degradation. Stand-off pads are engineered structures covered with bedding materials, available for occupation by stock to minimise those adverse effects to soil and water bodies. Wood chips are ideal for bedding due to their low cost, high water holding capacity, and stock preference as resting areas. While they reduce the mobility of both nutrients and pathogens, their effectiveness depends on the type of wood, size of the chips, pH, pad design, and feeding management used. Dissolved organic carbon, present in wood residue, may slow nitrogen mineralisation thereby decreasing loss via leachate. This effect depends on plant tannins and nutrients already stored within the plant tissue. Poplar and willow have high concentrations of tannins in leaves and bark with potential nitrification-inhibiting properties. When grown on-farm, these deep-rooted trees also reduce nitrogen leaching and prevent soil erosion. This review addresses the use of temporary stand-off pads within poplar or willow silvopastoral systems. Harvested trees can provide suitable wood chips for constructing the stand-off pad, while the deep rooting systems of the trees will reduce the moisture content of the pad, preventing waterlogging. A key objective is to discuss the feasibility and establishment of multiple temporary stand-off pads that allow for stock rotation from pad to pad, and subsequent on-site composting of wood-wastes into fertiliser, reducing both nutrient inputs and losses in agricultural systems. The review highlights the potential suitability of poplar and willow tree species for such a system.
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ALTUN MEHZAT, YAPICI BINNURMERICLI. Determination of chemical compositions and antibacterial effects of selected essential oils against human pathogenic strains. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2022; 94:e20210074. [DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765202220210074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
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Mummaleti G, Sarma C, Kalakandan SK, Gazula H, Sivanandham V, Anandharaj A. Characterization of levan produced from coconut inflorescence sap using Bacillus subtilis and its application as a sweetener. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2021.112697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Naushad M, Urooj M, Ahmad T, Husain GM, Kazmi MH, Zakir M. Nephroprotective effect of Apium graveolens L. against Cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity. J Ayurveda Integr Med 2021; 12:607-615. [PMID: 34774409 PMCID: PMC8642661 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaim.2021.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Revised: 06/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cisplatin is extensively used in treating cancers, and its primary side-effect is nephrotoxicity. It accumulates in proximal convoluted tubules where it promotes cellular damage by oxidative stress, apoptosis, and inflammation, etc. In Unani medicine, Tukhm-e-Karafs(Apium graveolens L.) (TK) is mentioned in the literature to manage various kidney ailments due to its diuretic and deobstruent activities. Objective To investigate the nephroprotective effects of powder of TK in Cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in an animal model and to validate the Unani claim of its nephroprotective action. Material and methods In curative protocol, cisplatin (5 mg/kg body weight i.p) was administered on day one and powder of TK (500 and 1000 mg/kg p.o.) from the sixth day onwards for ten days. TK (500 and 1000 mg/kg p.o.) was given for ten days and Cisplatin (5 mg/kg body weight i.p) on day 11 in the protective model. At the end of the study, all the animals were sacrificed, and renal biochemical parameters were determined. KIM-1 level was also investigated in the kidney homogenate in conjunction with histopathological inspection of kidney tissues. Results Significant increase in serum creatinine and BUN, presence of mononuclear cell infiltration, tubular dilation and vacuolation in renal histopathology, and increased KIM-1 level confirmed the nephrotoxicity due to Cisplatin. TK's administration protects the kidney as suggested by the changes in biochemical renal function, decreased level of KIM-1, and improvement in histopathological changes. Conclusion The result advocated that TK prevented renal injury and maintained normal renal function in both models. It may be due to improved clearance of Cisplatin from kidney tubules and reduction in reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced by the inflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Naushad
- Department of Ilmul Advia, National Research Institute of Unani Medicine for Skin Disorders (NRIUMSD), Hyderabad, India
| | - Mohd Urooj
- National Research Institute of Unani Medicine for Skin Disorders (NRIUMSD), Hyderabad, India
| | - Tasleem Ahmad
- National Research Institute of Unani Medicine for Skin Disorders (NRIUMSD), Hyderabad, India
| | - Gulam Mohammed Husain
- National Research Institute of Unani Medicine for Skin Disorders (NRIUMSD), Hyderabad, India
| | - Munawwar Husain Kazmi
- Department of Ilmul Advia, National Research Institute of Unani Medicine for Skin Disorders (NRIUMSD), Hyderabad, India
| | - Mohammad Zakir
- Department of Ilmul Advia, National Research Institute of Unani Medicine for Skin Disorders (NRIUMSD), Hyderabad, India.
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Yasin M, Younis A, Javed T, Akram A, Ahsan M, Shabbir R, Ali MM, Tahir A, El-Ballat EM, Sheteiwy MS, Sammour RH, Hano C, Alhumaydhi FA, El-Esawi MA. River Tea Tree Oil: Composition, Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activities, and Potential Applications in Agriculture. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10102105. [PMID: 34685914 PMCID: PMC8540646 DOI: 10.3390/plants10102105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Melaleuca is one of the genera of the Myrtaceae family enriched in tea tree oil (TTO). Tea tree oils of Melaleuca bracteata and Melaleuca alternifolia are of prime importance and have antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. Terpinen-4-ol and 1-8 cineole are major constituents of M. alternifolia oil. The percentages of the compounds in the oils can slightly vary according to the region of plant harvest, the distillation technique, or the part of the plant used for oil extraction. TTO has a bactericidal effect against various bacterial species such as Bacillus cereus, B. subtilis, E. coli, Pseudomonas putida, and S. aureus. Several reports proved that this essential oil is also effective against fungal strains of Fusarium, Aspergillus, and Candida species. It also has antioxidant properties such as radical scavenging activity and reducing power. The antioxidant properties of TTO at a concentration of 30 mM were observed to be greater than those of butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), commonly used as a synthetic antioxidant. TTO is also an effective organic fungicide, herbicide, and insecticide for use in the agriculture sector. Postharvest application of the oil has been found efficient on sweet basil, citrus, and strawberry. It is concluded that tea tree oil has the potential to be used in the food, agriculture, and pharmaceutical industries as a natural antimicrobial and preservative agent. This review provides comprehensive information regarding the antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of tea tree oil and its potential applications in agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mursleen Yasin
- Institute of Horticulture Science, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan; (M.Y.); (A.Y.); (A.A.); (M.M.A.)
| | - Adnan Younis
- Institute of Horticulture Science, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan; (M.Y.); (A.Y.); (A.A.); (M.M.A.)
| | - Talha Javed
- College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (T.J.); (R.S.)
- Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Ahsan Akram
- Institute of Horticulture Science, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan; (M.Y.); (A.Y.); (A.A.); (M.M.A.)
| | - Muhammad Ahsan
- Department of Horticulture, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan;
| | - Rubab Shabbir
- College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (T.J.); (R.S.)
- Seed Science and Technology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan;
| | - Muhammad Moaaz Ali
- Institute of Horticulture Science, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan; (M.Y.); (A.Y.); (A.A.); (M.M.A.)
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Ayesha Tahir
- Seed Science and Technology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan;
| | - Enas M. El-Ballat
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt;
| | - Mohamed S. Sheteiwy
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt;
| | - Reda Helmy Sammour
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 22452, Riyadh 11495, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Christophe Hano
- Laboratoire de Biologie des Ligneux et des Grandes Cultures (LBLGC), INRAE USC1328, Université d’Orléans, 28000 Chartres, France;
| | - Fahad A. Alhumaydhi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mohamed A. El-Esawi
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt;
- Correspondence:
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Félix G, Soto-Robles CA, Nava E, Lugo-Medina E. Principal Metabolites in Extracts of Different Plants Responsible for Antibacterial Effects. Chem Res Toxicol 2021; 34:1970-1983. [PMID: 34464103 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.1c00161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The increase in bacterial resistance and decreased effectiveness of antibacterial agents has forced researchers to look for new antibacterial agents from environmentally friendly sources such as essential oils and oil extracts. The functional group of the metabolites present in the essential oils or plant extract and the synergy effects between them play an important role in the biological activity and can be the principal factor affecting the antibacterial effect. All of these bioactive oils showed the same action mechanism, and the best way to implement them is by extracting them without changing their original properties, whereby the characterization and evaluation of the compounds are important steps. All of these themes are extensively reviewed, analyzed, and discussed in this work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillermo Félix
- Tecnológico Nacional de México/IT de Los Mochis, C.P. 81259 Los Mochis, Sinaloa México
| | - Carlos A Soto-Robles
- Tecnológico Nacional de México/IT de Los Mochis, C.P. 81259 Los Mochis, Sinaloa México
| | - Eusebio Nava
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Investigación y Desarrollo Regional - Instituto Politécnico Nacional, C.P. 81101 Guasave, Sinaloa México
| | - Eder Lugo-Medina
- Tecnológico Nacional de México/IT de Los Mochis, C.P. 81259 Los Mochis, Sinaloa México
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Chemical Profile, In Vitro Biological Activity and Comparison of Essential Oils from Fresh and Dried Flowers of Lavandula angustifolia L. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26175317. [PMID: 34500747 PMCID: PMC8434377 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26175317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The chemical composition of essential oils (EOs) from dried and fresh flowers of Lavandula angustifolia L. (lavender), named LA 2019 and LA 2020, respectively, grown in central Italy was analyzed and compared by GC and GC-MS. For both samples, 61 compounds were identified, corresponding to 97.9% and 98.1% of the total essential oils. Explorative data analysis, performed to compare the statistical composition of the samples, resulted in a high level of global similarity (around 93%). The compositions of both samples were characterized by 10 major compounds, with a predominance of Linalool (35.3-36.0%), Borneol (15.6-19.4%) and 1,8-Cineole (11.0-9.0%). The in vitro antibacterial activity assay by disk diffusion tests against Bacillus subtilis PY79 and Escherichia coli DH5α showed inhibition of growth in both indicator strains. In addition, plate counts revealed a bactericidal effect on E. coli, which was particularly noticeable when using oil from the fresh lavender flowers at the highest concentrations. An in vitro antifungal assay showed that the EOs inhibited the growth of Sclerotium rolfsii, a phytopathogenic fungus that causes post-harvest diseases in many fruits and vegetables. The antioxidant activity was also assessed using the ABTS free radical scavenging assay, which showed a different antioxidant activity in both EOs. In addition, the potential application of EOs as a green method to control biodeterioration phenomena on an artistic wood painting (XIX century) was evaluated.
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Bhattacharya R, Rolta R, Dev K, Sourirajan A. Synergistic potential of essential oils with antibiotics to combat fungal pathogens: Present status and future perspectives. Phytother Res 2021; 35:6089-6100. [PMID: 34324240 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The steady rise in the emergence of antibiotic-resistant fungal pathogens has rendered most of the clinical antibiotics available in the market to be ineffective. Therefore, alternative strategies are required to tackle drug-resistant fungal infections. An effective solution is to combine the available antibiotics with adjuvants such as phytochemicals or essential oils to enhance the efficacy and activity of antibiotics. The present review aims to summarize the studies on synergistic combinations of essential oils and anti-fungal antibiotics. The current findings, methods used for measuring synergistic effects, possible mechanisms of synergism, and future perspectives for developing synergistic EO-antibiotic therapeutic formulations are discussed in this study. Several essential oils exhibit synergistic effect in combination with antibiotics against human fungal pathogens such as Candida albicans. The possible mechanisms of synergy exhibited by essential oil- antibiotic combinations in fungi include disruption of cell wall structure/ ergosterol biosynthesis pathway, enhanced transdermal penetration of antibiotics, alterations in membrane permeability, intracellular leakage of cellular contents, inhibition of germ tube formation or fungal biofilm formation, and competition for a primary target. Synergistic combination of essential oils and antibiotics can prove to be a valid and pragmatic alternative to develop drugs with increased drug-efficacy, and low toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riya Bhattacharya
- Faculty of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Rajan Rolta
- Faculty of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Kamal Dev
- Faculty of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Anuradha Sourirajan
- Faculty of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India
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Investigations of the Surface of Heritage Objects and Green Bioremediation: Case Study of Artefacts from Maramureş, Romania. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app11146643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Old textiles are important elements of thecultural heritage. As a result of their composition mostly of natural elements old textiles are extremely prone to physical and chemical degradation due to fungal action. The treatments usually applied for the cleaning of heritage textiles target the use of synthetic fungicides, which are potentially harmful to both human health and the environment. Numerous studies highlight as an alternative to the use of conventional antifungals, the employment of essential oils and plant extracts, which are environmentally friendly and which have no adverse effects on human health. Against this background the present study aims to test six essential oils (Lavandula angustifolia, Citrus limon, Mentha piperita, Marjoram, Melaleuca alternifolia, Origanum vulgare) to establish their inhibitory effects against fungi identified on an old piece of traditional Romanian clothing from Maramureş. For the study, the types of fungi present on the objects was determined primarily through the open plates technique and microscopic identification. After identification, the essential oils were applied to the delimited surfaces, and their effects observed up to 32 days after application. The results show that these essential oils have a strong inhibitory effect on such fungal genera as Penicillinum sp., Cladosporium sp., Aspergillus spp., Candida guillermondii, Botrys sp., Mucor sp., having no observable side-effects on the physical properties of the materials concerned. The antimicrobial effects that essential oils and plant extracts have in the short term must be tested in future to ensure the enhanced preservation of heritage textiles and the health integrity of the restorers and visitors who view them in museums, collections or exhibitions.
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Srivastava S, Mahor A, Singh G, Bansal K, Singh PP, Gupta R, Dutt R, Alanazi AM, Khan AA, Kesharwani P. Formulation Development, In Vitro and In Vivo Evaluation of Topical Hydrogel Formulation of Econazole Nitrate-Loaded β-Cyclodextrin Nanosponges. J Pharm Sci 2021; 110:3702-3714. [PMID: 34293406 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2021.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Econazole nitrate, an antifungal drug used in the handling of skin ailments, is commercially not efficient as these ailments typically require a more elevated concentration of the drug to offer an effective pharmacological retort. Like so, it is proposed to assess the effectiveness of the topical hydrogel of econazole-loaded nanosponge in the management of skin ailment(s). Econazole nitrate-laden β-cyclodextrin nanosponges were developed by employing the melt method using β-cyclodextrin as the organic polymer and N,N-carbonyldiimidazole as the crosslinker. The critical factors disturbing the quality of the formulation were uniquely identified by the Ishikawa diagram, and they were optimized by the statistical experiment design concept. β-cyclodextrin loaded nanosponges were uniquely designed using the Placket-Burman approach and optimized utilizing the Box-Behnken method. The optimized nanosponges (EN-CDN) were 421.37 ± 6.19 nm in size with an entrapment efficiency of 70.13% ± 5.73%. The topical hydrogel of nanosponges (EN-TG) was prepared using carbopol 934 and pyrrolidone as permeation enhancers. In vitro skin permeation studies affirmed the improved transport crosswise the goatskin for topical hydrogel in comparison to the marketed product. EN-TG was able to control the fungal infection in the selected animal model in comparison to the marketed preparation. Stability studies reported favorably that nanogel remained stable under normal and accelerated settings.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alok Mahor
- Institute of Pharmacy, Bundelkhand University, Jhansi, India 284128.
| | - Gyanendra Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering & Technology, Indian Institute of Technology, Banaras Hindu University, (IIT-BHU), Varanasi, India 221005
| | - Kuldeep Bansal
- Pharmaceutical Science Laboratory, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Abo Akademi University, Turku, Finland 20520
| | | | - Rishikesh Gupta
- Institute of Pharmacy, Bundelkhand University, Jhansi, India 284128
| | - Rohit Dutt
- School of Medical and Allied Sciences, G.D. Goenka University, Gurgaon Sohna Road, Gurgaon, India 122103
| | - Amer M Alanazi
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Azmat Ali Khan
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Prashant Kesharwani
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India.
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Wintola OA, Olajuyigbe AA, Afolayan AJ, Coopoosamy RM, Olajuyigbe OO. Chemical composition, antioxidant activities and antibacterial activities of essential oil from Erythrina caffra Thunb. growing in South Africa. Heliyon 2021; 7:e07244. [PMID: 34179531 PMCID: PMC8213900 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e07244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2021] [Revised: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Essential oils from plants are recognized as one of the most promising secondary metabolites for the development of cheap and safer drugs. While Erythrina caffra has been prominently used in folk medicine for the treatment of microbial infections, there is dearth of information on the pharmacological effectiveness and chemical composition of its essential oil. The study, therefore, aimed at identifying the chemical composition and biological activities of the essential oil of Erythrina caffra. Methods In this study, the essential oil was extracted with all-glass Clevenger. The antioxidant activities of the essential oil and antibacterial susceptibility assay by agar well diffusion techniques were assessed while GC-MS analysis was performed to identify the chemical constituents of the essential oil. Results The study showed that the radical scavenging activity of the essential oil increases as the concentration of the essential oil increases. All bacterial isolates were susceptible to essential oil with the exception of Salmonella typhimurium and Pseudomonas aeruginosa producing inhibition zones ranging between 22 ± 1.3 and 35 ± 2.1 mm in the susceptible isolates. The GC-MS chromatogram indicated there are 35 bioactive compounds in the essential oil and Caryophyllene oxide (53.54%), [1S-(1α,7α,8aβ)]-1,2,3,5,6,7,8,8a-octa-1 - hydro-1,8a-dimethyl-7-(1-methylethenyl)-Naphthalene (7.81%), Kauran-18-al (6.49%), 10,10-Dimethyl-2,6-dimethylenebicy clo[7.2.0]undecan-5.beta.-ol (5.83%), 10s,11s-Himachala-3(12),4-diene (4.51%), Caryophyllene (3.65%) and 1- Hexanol (3.31%) were the most prominent compounds. Conclusion Excessive production of free radicals or reactive oxygen species (ROS) causes oxidative stress and disease. Oxidative stress resulting from imbalance between excessive generation of free radicals and inadequate antioxidant defense system has been linked to pathogenesis of many diseases. The essential oil of E. caffra stem bark extract possess antimicrobial and good antioxidant activities and its rich level of phytochemicals can be used as either dietary or complementary agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olubunmi A Wintola
- Medicinal Plants and Economic Development (MPED) Research Centre, Botany Department, University of Fort Hare, Alice Campus, South Africa
| | - Aderonke A Olajuyigbe
- Department of Microbiology, School of Science & Technology, Babcock University, PMB 4005, Ilisan-Remo, Ogun State, Nigeria
| | - Anthony J Afolayan
- Medicinal Plants and Economic Development (MPED) Research Centre, Botany Department, University of Fort Hare, Alice Campus, South Africa
| | - Roger M Coopoosamy
- Department of Nature Conservation, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Mangosuthu University of Technology, P.O.Box 12363, Jacobs, 4026, Durban, Kwa-Zulu Natal, South Africa
| | - Olufunmiso O Olajuyigbe
- Department of Nature Conservation, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Mangosuthu University of Technology, P.O.Box 12363, Jacobs, 4026, Durban, Kwa-Zulu Natal, South Africa
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Battisti MA, Caon T, Machado de Campos A. A short review on the antimicrobial micro- and nanoparticles loaded with Melaleuca alternifolia essential oil. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2020.102283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Leclercq L, Tessier J, Nardello-Rataj V, Schmitzer AR. Highly Active, Entirely Biobased Antimicrobial Pickering Emulsions. ChemMedChem 2021; 16:2223-2230. [PMID: 33735940 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202100030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
We present the development of surfactant-free, silica-free and fully biobased oil-in-water antimicrobial Pickering emulsions, based on the self-assembly of β-cyclodextrin and phytoantimicrobial oils (terpinen-4-ol or carvacrol). Undecylenic acid (UA), derived from castor oil, can be used as bio-based drug to treat fungal infection, but is less effective than petroleum-based drugs as azole derivatives. To maximize its antifungal potential, we have incorporated UA in fully biobased Pickering emulsions. These emulsions are effective against fungi, Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The carvacrol emulsion charged with UA is +390 % and +165 % more potent against methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA), compared to UA and azole-based commercial formulations. Moreover, this emulsion is up to +480 % more efficient that UA ointment against C. albicans. Finally, remarkable eradication of E. coli and MRSA biofilms was obtained with this environmental-friendly emulsion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loïc Leclercq
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, ENSCL, Univ. Artois, UMR 8181-UCCS, Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide, 59000, Lille, France.,Département de Chimie, Université de Montréal, CP 6128 Succursale Centre-Ville, H3C3J7, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Jérémie Tessier
- Département de Chimie, Université de Montréal, CP 6128 Succursale Centre-Ville, H3C3J7, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Véronique Nardello-Rataj
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, ENSCL, Univ. Artois, UMR 8181-UCCS, Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide, 59000, Lille, France
| | - Andreea-Ruxandra Schmitzer
- Département de Chimie, Université de Montréal, CP 6128 Succursale Centre-Ville, H3C3J7, Montréal, Québec, Canada
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Balahbib A, El Omari N, Hachlafi NE, Lakhdar F, El Menyiy N, Salhi N, Mrabti HN, Bakrim S, Zengin G, Bouyahya A. Health beneficial and pharmacological properties of p-cymene. Food Chem Toxicol 2021; 153:112259. [PMID: 33984423 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2021.112259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
p-cymene also known as p-cymol or p-isopropyltoluene is an alkyl-substituted aromatic compound naturally occurring in essential oils (EOs) of various aromatic plants, including the genus of Artemisia, Protium, Origanum, and Thymus. It is related to the family of terpenes, especially monocyclic monoterpenes. p-cymene is also present in several food-based plants such as carrots, orange juice, grapefruit, tangerine, raspberries and several spices. Numerous studies have demonstrated the pharmacological properties of the monoterpenes p-cymene, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antiparasitic, antidiabetic, antiviral, antitumor, antibacterial, and antifungal activities. The p-cymene has also been reported to act as an analgesic, antinociceptive, immunomodulatory, vasorelaxant and neuroprotective agent. Its anticancer effects are related to some mechanisms such as the inhibition of apoptosis and cell cycle arrest. In this review, we critically highlighted the in vitro and in vivo pharmacological properties of the p-cymene molecule, providing insight into its mechanisms of action and potential applications in drug discovery. In light of this finding, in-depth in vivo studies are strongly required to validate the safety and beneficial effects of the p-cymene molecule in human healthcare and industrial applications as a potential source of drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdelaali Balahbib
- Laboratory of Biodiversity, Ecology, and Genome, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Morocco
| | - Nasreddine El Omari
- Laboratory of Histology, Embryology, And Cytogenetic, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Morocco
| | - Naoufal El Hachlafi
- Microbial Biotechnology and Bioactive Molecules Laboratory, Sciences and Technologies Faculty, Sidi Mohmed Ben Abdellah University, P.O.Box-2002, Imouzzer Road Fez, Morocco
| | - Fatima Lakhdar
- Department of Biology, Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology and Environment, Faculty of Sciences, ChouaibDoukkali University, BP 20, El Jadida, 24000, Morocco
| | - Naoual El Menyiy
- Laboratory of Natural Substances, Pharmacology, Environment, Modeling, Health and of Life (SNAMOPEQ). Faculty of Sciences Dhar El Mahraz. University Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah, Fez, Morocco
| | - Najoua Salhi
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Morocco
| | - Hanae Naceiri Mrabti
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Bio Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Analysis Research Team, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University in Rabat, BP 6203, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Saad Bakrim
- Laboratory of Molecular Engineering, Valorization and Environment, Department of Sciences and Techniques, Polydisciplinary Faculty of Taroudant, Ibn Zohr University, Taroudant, Morocco
| | - Gokhan Zengin
- Physiology and Biochemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey.
| | - Abdelhakim Bouyahya
- Laboratory of Human Pathologies Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, And Genomic Center of Human Pathologies, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Morocco.
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Taalab MR, Mahmoud SA, Moslemany RME, Abdelaziz DM. Intrapocket application of tea tree oil gel in the treatment of stage 2 periodontitis. BMC Oral Health 2021; 21:239. [PMID: 33952216 PMCID: PMC8101226 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-021-01588-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The gold standard in treatment of periodontitis is mechanical removing of dental biofilm but using local delivery drugs as adjunctive to SRP is widely used to modulate inflammatory host and eradicate microbes. Tea tree oil (TTO) has a broad-spectrum antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antifungal, antiviral, antioxidant effect. This study aimed to assess clinically and biochemically the effect of intrapocket application of TTO (Melaleuca alternifolia) gel adjunctive to scaling and root planing (SRP) in the treatment of stage 2 (moderate) periodontitis and to correlate the biochemical levels with clinical response. Methods A randomized, controlled clinical trial was conducted on thirty patients with stage 2 periodontitis. Patients were equally divided into two groups: Control Group treated with (SRP) alone and Test Group treated with SRP and locally delivered 5% TTO gel. Clinical assessment included pocket probing depth (PPD), clinical attachment loss (CAL), gingival index (GI) and bleeding on probing (BOP) measured at baseline and after 3 and 6 months. The level of matrix metalloproteinase-8 (MMP-8), in the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) was also assessed at baseline and after1, 3 and 6 months by Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit. Chi-square, Student t- tests, Mann–Whitney U test and Spearman correlation were the statistical tests used in the study. Results An improvement of all clinical and biochemical parameters was observed (at p < 0.001) in both groups. A significant difference between the two groups was found in both clinical and biochemical parameters. Conclusion The local delivery of TTO gel adjunctive to SRP proved to be effective in the treatment of stage II periodontitis. Trial registration The study was retrospectively registered at clinicaltrials.gov NCT04769271, on 24/2/2021.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maha R Taalab
- Department of Oral Medicine, Periodontology, Oral Diagnosis and Oral Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Champolion St. Azarita, Alexandria, 21521, Egypt.
| | - Sabah Abdelhady Mahmoud
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Riham M El Moslemany
- Department of Pharmaceutics Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Dania M Abdelaziz
- Department of Oral Medicine, Periodontology, Oral Diagnosis and Oral Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Champolion St. Azarita, Alexandria, 21521, Egypt
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Alam A, Singh V. Composition and pharmacological activity of essential oils from two imported Amomum subulatum fruit samples. J Taibah Univ Med Sci 2021; 16:231-239. [PMID: 33897328 PMCID: PMC8046960 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtumed.2020.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Revised: 10/11/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective This work attempted to isolate, identify, and correlate the composition of essential oils (EOs) and pharmacological properties of two imported Amomum subulatum fruit samples. These samples were collected from Indian and KSA local supermarkets to ensure consistency in their therapeutic effects. Methods EOs were extracted from Indian and KSA A. subulatum fruit samples using a hydro-distillation method and identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC–MS). Antimicrobial activity against gram-negative bacteria (Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, and Acinetobacter baumannii) was determined using minimum inhibitory (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration methods. Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities were determined using a 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl-induced free radical assay, and a bovine albumin inhibitory assay, respectively. These analyses were performed to evaluate the pharmacological activities of the substances. Results GC–MS retention times of both samples demonstrated 56 bioactive ingredients with different percentages. The principal bioactive compounds in the Indian and Saudi Arabian EO samples were 1,8-cineole (44.24% and 46.22%, respectively), α-terpineol (7.47% and 7.04%, respectively), terpinen-4-ol (5.01% and 4.83%, respectively), geraniol D (4.05% and 3.54%, respectively), and β-pinene (3.38% and 3.98%, respectively). Superior antimicrobial activity against the selected strains was observed for both samples, with an MIC range of 0.5%–1%. Antioxidant assays demonstrated moderate activity in both samples. Moreover, the Indian and Saudi Arabian samples exhibited IC50 values of 53.12% and 55.26 μg/mL, respectively, in albumin denaturation inhibition assays. This indicated an outstanding anti-inflammatory potential comparable to ibuprofen. Conclusions The composition of EOs from both samples exhibited similar qualitative but different quantitative variability. No major variations in the pharmacological properties of EOs were observed. More studies are essential for further validation of our study findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aftab Alam
- School of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacognosy, Sharda University, Greater Noida, UP, India
| | - Vijender Singh
- School of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacognosy, Sharda University, Greater Noida, UP, India
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Sounouvou HT, Toukourou H, Catteau L, Toukourou F, Evrard B, Van Bambeke F, Gbaguidi F, Quetin-Leclercq J. Antimicrobial potentials of essential oils extracted from West African aromatic plants on common skin infections. SCIENTIFIC AFRICAN 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sciaf.2021.e00706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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Porter GC, Safii SH, Medlicott NJ, Duncan WJ, Tompkins GR, Coates DE. Formulation of a Semisolid Emulsion Containing Leptospermum scoparium Essential Oil and Evaluation of In Vitro Antimicrobial and Antibiofilm Efficacy. PLANTA MEDICA 2021; 87:253-266. [PMID: 33434939 DOI: 10.1055/a-1330-8765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Manuka oil, an essential oil derived from the Leptospermum scoparium, has been traditionally used for wound care and as a topical antibacterial, antifungal, and anti-inflammatory. However, the essential oil is not well retained at mucosal sites, such as the oral cavity, where the benefits of the aforementioned properties could be utilized toward the treatment of persistent biofilms. Within this study, L. scoparium essential oil was incorporated into a semisolid emulsion for improved delivery. The safety profile of L. scoparium essential oil on human gingival fibroblasts was determined via cell viability, cytotoxicity, and caspase activation. The minimal bactericidal concentration of L. scoparium essential oil was determined, and the emulsion's antibiofilm effects visualized using confocal laser scanning microscopy. L. scoparium essential oil demonstrated a lower IC50 (0.02% at 48 h) when compared to the clinical control chlorhexidine (0.002% at 48 h) and displayed lower cumulative cytotoxicity. Higher concentrations of L. scoparium essential oil (≥ 0.1%) at 6 h resulted in higher caspase 3/7 activation, suggesting an apoptotic pathway of cell death. A minimal bactericidal concentration of 0.1% w/w was observed for 6 oral bacteria and 0.01% w/v for Porphyromonas gingivalis. Textural and rheometric analysis indicated increased stability of emulsion with a 1 : 3 ratio of L. scoparium essential oil: Oryza sativa carrier oil. The optimized 5% w/w L. scoparium essential oil emulsion showed increased bactericidal penetrative effects on Streptococci gordonii biofilms compared to oil alone and to chlorhexidine controls. This study has demonstrated the safety, formulation, and antimicrobial activity of L. scoparium essential oil emulsion for potential antibacterial applications at mucosal sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gemma C Porter
- Sir John Walsh Research Institute, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Syarida H Safii
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur
| | | | - Warwick J Duncan
- Sir John Walsh Research Institute, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Geoffrey R Tompkins
- Sir John Walsh Research Institute, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Dawn E Coates
- Sir John Walsh Research Institute, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
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Ayatollahi A, Firooz A, Lotfali E, Mojab F, Fattahi M. Herbal Therapy for the Management of Seborrheic Dermatitis: A Narrative Review. RECENT ADVANCES IN ANTI-INFECTIVE DRUG DISCOVERY 2021; 16:209-226. [PMID: 35026970 DOI: 10.2174/2772434416666211029113213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Dandruff and Seborrheic Dermatitis (SD) are similar skin conditions with different degrees ofseverity. Since the current therapies cannot remove dandruff efficiently, herbal extracts with better effectiveness and fewer side effects are used in the pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries. Due to the adverse effects of chemical drugs, the use of natural products and traditional medicine has significantly increased over the past few decades. Therefore, in this review, we reported the herbs used as anti-dandruff agents in traditional medicine worldwide. METHODS The review was conducted on the literature available on the medicinal utility of certain plants as anti-dandruff agents using PubMed and Google Scholar and the following search terms: Dandruff and plants or medicinal plant and dandruff treatment, and essential oil and dandruff. RESULTS Since the current therapies cannotefficiently remove dandruff, herbal extracts with better effectiveness and fewer side effects are used in the pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries. Nowadays, there are numerous different types of herbal antidandruff shampoos. They are effective and safe without the side effects of chemical agents. Recently, herbal medicine has attracted a great deal of scientific attention. Clinical evidence on the therapeutic effects of herbal products has resulted in the study of far more herbs for their therapeutic roles. CONCLUSION Herbal therapy plays a significant role in the development of favorable therapeutics, either alone or in combination with conventional antibiotics. However, the major challenges in this regard include finding compounds with satisfactorily lower MICs, low toxicity, and high bioavailability for effective and safe use in humans and animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azin Ayatollahi
- Center for Research and Training in Skin Diseases and Leprosy, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran,Iran
| | - Alireza Firooz
- Center for Research and Training in Skin Diseases and Leprosy, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran,Iran
| | - Ensieh Lotfali
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran,Iran
| | - Faraz Mojab
- School of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center (PSRC), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran,Iran
| | - Mahsa Fattahi
- Center for Research and Training in Skin Diseases and Leprosy, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran,Iran
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Kawai H, Kuraya E, Touyama A, Higa O, Hokamoto K, Tokeshi K, Yasuda A, Naragaki T, Itoh S. Improved yield and antioxidant activity of essential oil from Alpinia zerumbet (Zingiberaceae) leaves by underwater shockwave pretreatment. FOOD AND BIOPRODUCTS PROCESSING 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbp.2020.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Antimicrobial Air Filter Coating with Plant Extracts Against Airborne Microbes. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/app10249120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Antimicrobial air filters are required to protect humans from the risk of secondary bioaerosol pollution as well as airborne particles. Three plant extracts (tea-tree oil, rosemary, and garlic) were selected to replace antimicrobial chemicals in air filters. The antimicrobial activity of plant extracts was investigated using Micrococcus luteus and Escherichia coli. Phytochemicals present in the three plant extracts were identified using a gas chromatograph coupled with a mass spectrometer. The extracts were spray-coated on polyethylene terephthalate filter surfaces using silicate polymeric coating and evaluated via X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and a scanning electron microscope with energy dispersive spectroscopy. After coating, an increase of 9.1% in the pressure drop was observed. The strain Micrococcus luteus was used to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of the air filter. After bioaerosol exposure, the tea-tree oil-coated filters immediately induced M. luteus cell inactivation (40–55%), whereas the rosemary and garlic coated filters did not. However, 48 h after exposure, a significant M. luteus inactivation of 99.99%, 99.0%, and 99.9% was recorded for concentrations of 2.89, 6.73, and 11.51 mg/cm2 for the tea-tree, rosemary, and garlic extracts, respectively. The coated filters exhibited high antimicrobial activity, thereby indicating significant potential for application as self-cleaning air filters.
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Šilha D, Švarcová K, Bajer T, Královec K, Tesařová E, Moučková K, Pejchalová M, Bajerová P. Chemical Composition of Natural Hydrolates and Their Antimicrobial Activity on Arcobacter-Like Cells in Comparison with Other Microorganisms. Molecules 2020; 25:E5654. [PMID: 33266263 PMCID: PMC7730011 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25235654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydrolates obtained via the hydrodistillation and steam distillation of Lavandulaangustifolia Mill., Syzygiumaromaticum L., Foeniculumvulgare Mill., and Laurusnobilis L. were analyzed by gas chromatography with flame ionization detector (GC-FID) and gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Additionally, the hydrolates were evaluated for antimicrobial activity (disk-diffusion and microdilution method), influence on biofilm formation (Christensen method) and cytotoxicity of concentrated hydrolates against human cell lines (A549) by xCELLigence system. Using chemical analysis, 48, 9, 13 and 33 different components were detected in lavender, clove, fennel and laurel hydrolates, respectively. Lavender hydrolate contained the largest proportion of 1,8-cineol, linalool furanoxide, and linalool. The main components of laurel hydrolate were 1,8-cineol, 4-terpineol and α-terpineol. Fenchone and estragole were the most abundant in fennel hydrolate, and eugenol and eugenyl acetate in clove hydrolate. Concentrated hydrolates showed significant antimicrobial activity. Clove hydrolate was among the most antimicrobially active agents, most preferably against C. albicans, with an inhibition zone up to 23.5 mm. Moreover, concentrated hydrolates did not show any cytotoxic effect again8 st human A549 cells. In the presence of the non-concentrated hydrolates, significantly reduced biofilm formation was observed; however, with concentrated clove hydrolate, there was an increase in biofilm formation, e.g., of A. thereius, A. lanthieri, and A. butzleri. Research shows new findings about hydrolates that may be important in natural medicine or for preservation purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Šilha
- Department of Biological and Biochemical Sciences, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Studentská 573, 532 10 Pardubice, Czech Republic; (K.Š.); (K.K.); (E.T.); (M.P.)
| | - Karolína Švarcová
- Department of Biological and Biochemical Sciences, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Studentská 573, 532 10 Pardubice, Czech Republic; (K.Š.); (K.K.); (E.T.); (M.P.)
| | - Tomáš Bajer
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Studentská 573, 532 10 Pardubice, Czech Republic; (T.B.); (K.M.)
| | - Karel Královec
- Department of Biological and Biochemical Sciences, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Studentská 573, 532 10 Pardubice, Czech Republic; (K.Š.); (K.K.); (E.T.); (M.P.)
| | - Eliška Tesařová
- Department of Biological and Biochemical Sciences, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Studentská 573, 532 10 Pardubice, Czech Republic; (K.Š.); (K.K.); (E.T.); (M.P.)
| | - Kristýna Moučková
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Studentská 573, 532 10 Pardubice, Czech Republic; (T.B.); (K.M.)
| | - Marcela Pejchalová
- Department of Biological and Biochemical Sciences, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Studentská 573, 532 10 Pardubice, Czech Republic; (K.Š.); (K.K.); (E.T.); (M.P.)
| | - Petra Bajerová
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Studentská 573, 532 10 Pardubice, Czech Republic; (T.B.); (K.M.)
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Aati HY, Perveen S, Orfali R, Al-Taweel AM, Aati S, Wanner J, Khan A, Mehmood R. Chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of the essential oils of Artemisia absinthium, Artemisia scoparia, and Artemisia sieberi grown in Saudi Arabia. ARAB J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2020.09.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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Chemical Compositions and Biological Activities of Scutellaria Genus Essential Oils (Lamiaceae). Jundishapur J Nat Pharm Prod 2020. [DOI: 10.5812/jjnpp.62279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Context: Essential oils are secondary metabolites with versatile organic structures that, due to their compounds, have useful medicinal properties. There are about 250 species of the genus of Scutellaria perennial flowering plants from the Lamiaceae family. Its application for the treatment of allergy, inflammatory, hyperlipidemia, arteriosclerosis, hypertension, and hepatitis has a long history. Evidence Acquisition: Various studies on the chemical compounds of the Scutellaria genus have identified several compounds, especially essentials oils. The current review is based on the evidence found in Chemical Abstract, Science Direct, Scopus, PubMed, Web of Knowledge, and Google Scholar databases. Results: Many studies on the chemical components of essential oils from the Scutellaria genus have identified several compounds. We summarized the chemical compositions and biological activities of Scutellaria essential oils. Hexadecanoic acid, germacrene D, β-caryophyllene, linalool, β-farnesene, and eugenol are the main compounds in essential oils of this genus. Despite many reports about essential oils of Scutellaria species (more than 38), a large number of species have not been studied yet. Therefore, several studies should be conducted on the chemical compounds and biological activities of unstudied Scutellaria essential oils. Conclusions: This review has summarized reports on the chemistry and biological activities of Scutellaria essential oils, such as antioxidant, antimicrobial, antifeedant, phytotoxic, and acaricidal toxicities, based on the recent literature.
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Darwish RS, Hammoda HM, Ghareeb DA, Abdelhamid ASA, Bellah El Naggar EM, Harraz FM, Shawky E. Efficacy-directed discrimination of the essential oils of three Juniperus species based on their in-vitro antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory activities. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 259:112971. [PMID: 32439404 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.112971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Revised: 05/09/2020] [Accepted: 05/09/2020] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Juniperus plants are considered important sources of cedar-wood oil which is used widely in folk medicine as antiseptic and in treatment of inflammatory disorders such as, rheumatoid arthritis but there is not enough scientific evidence to support the claimed uses and there is no specification of a certain Juniperus species as the most active. AIM OF THE STUDY The aim of this study is volatiles profiling of three Juniperus species; J. communis, J. horizontalis and J. chinensis in addition to efficacy-directed discrimination of the three studied essential oils based on their antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory activities in LPS (lipopolysaccharide)-stimulated WBCs (White blood cells) to investigate the inter-specific variability effect on the biological activities of each oil. MATERIALS AND METHODS Volatile components profiling of the three studied plants volatile oils was achieved using GC-FID (Gas chromatography - flame ionization detector) and GC-MS (Gas chromatography - mass spectrometry). The antimicrobial activity of the studied essential oils was investigated and the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined for oils. The production of the pro-inflammatory cytokines was evaluated by ELISA (Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay). Identification of the biomarkers responsible for each activity was attempted through construction of orthogonal projection to latent structures model using multivariate statistical analysis. RESULTS Forty five components were identified in the volatile oils of the three studied plants. J. horizontalis oil displayed the highest activity against E. coli while J. communis showed the highest activity against S. aureus. OPLS model biplot showed the in-between class discrimination of J. chinensis oil sample from J. communis and J. horizontalis. The three oils were found to significantly decrease the production of the pro-inflammatory cytokines tumour necrosis factor (TNF)- α, interleukin (IL)-1β, and gamma interferon (INF- γ) in lipopolysaccharide-activated white blood cells. All studied oils were similar in reduction of TNF-α, and INF-γ, while J. chinensis oil possessed the highest potency against IL-1β. The coefficient plots of TNF-α and INF-γ pro-inflammatory mediators showed that 1-terpineol, 4-terpineol, bornyl acetate, dl-limonene and α-pinene positive contributors to both activities while β-thujone, 3-carene and γ-muurolene were the positive contributors to IL-1β inhibitory activity. CONCLUSION The differences observed in the volatile profiles among the three studied oils demonstrate the effect of inter-specific variability on the biological activities of the tested oils. It was shown that the tested oils possessed good antibacterial activities against E.coli and S. aureus justifying its folk use as an a topical antiseptic while the observed anti-inflammatory effects in human WBCs is due at least in part to their inhibitory effect on the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reham S Darwish
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Egypt
| | - Hala M Hammoda
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Egypt
| | - Doaa A Ghareeb
- Biological Screening and Preclinical Trial Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt; Pharmaceutical and Fermentation Industries Development Centre, City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA-City), Borg Al-Arab, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Ali S A Abdelhamid
- Pharmaceutical and Fermentation Industries Development Centre, City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA-City), Borg Al-Arab, Alexandria, Egypt
| | | | - Fathallah M Harraz
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Egypt
| | - Eman Shawky
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Egypt.
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Johansen B, Duval RE, Sergere JC. Antimicrobial Spectrum of Titroleane™: A New Potent Anti-Infective Agent. Antibiotics (Basel) 2020; 9:E391. [PMID: 32650521 PMCID: PMC7400619 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics9070391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2020] [Revised: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Tea Tree oil (TTO) is well known for its numerous good properties but might be also irritating or toxic when used topically or ingested, thus limiting the number of possible applications in Humans. The aim of the study was to characterize the antimicrobial spectrum as well as the toxicity of Titroleane™, a new anti-infective agent obtained from TTO but cleared of its toxic monoterpenes part. The susceptibility to Titroleane™ of various pathogens (bacteria and fungi) encountered in animal and human health was studied in comparison with that of TTO. Antimicrobial screening was carried out using the broth microdilution method. Activities against aerobic, anaerobic, fastidious and non-fastidious microorganisms were performed. For all microorganisms tested, the MIC values for Titroleane™ ranged from 0.08% to 2.5%, except for Campylobacter jejuni, and Aspergillus niger. In particular, Titroleane™ showed good efficacy against skin and soft tissue infection pathogens, such as methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), intra-abdominal infections and oral pathogens, as well as fish farming pathogens. Toxicity testing showed little and similar cytotoxicities between TTO and Titroleane™ of 37% and 23%, respectively at a concentration of 0.025% (v/v). Finally, we demonstrated that the antimicrobial activity of Titroleane™ is similar to that of TTO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianca Johansen
- SETUBIO SA, Bioparc Vichy, F-03270 Hauterive, France
- Université de Lorraine, CNRS, L2CM, F-54000 Nancy, France
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Anti-Bacterial Effects of Essential Oils against Uropathogenic Bacteria. Antibiotics (Basel) 2020; 9:antibiotics9060358. [PMID: 32630444 PMCID: PMC7344393 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics9060358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Given the increasing antimicrobial resistance in urinary tract infections (UTI), alternative strategies need to be investigated. Determination of minimal inhibitory and bactericidal concentrations of essential oils from cajeput, lemongrass, tea tree, and thyme in artificial urine, revealed bactericidal activity of all four tested essential oils against seven uropathogenic species with values ranging between 0.78–50 mg/mL. Tea tree and thyme essential oils were more efficient than lemongrass and cajeput. In addition, antibiotic-resistant strains showed similar susceptibility as antibiotic-sensitive strains, suggesting no cross-resistance between antibiotics and these essential oils. Checkerboard assays revealed a synergistic activity of the combination of thyme and tea tree. Furthermore, the combination with thyme and tea tree essential oils increased the activity of fosfomycin and pivmecillinam, but not nitrofurantoin, against Escherichia coli. This study provides a basis for further investigation of the potential of thyme and tea tree oil as an alternative or additional treatment of UTI.
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Leigh-de Rapper S, van Vuuren SF. Odoriferous Therapy: A Review Identifying Essential Oils against Pathogens of the Respiratory Tract. Chem Biodivers 2020; 17:e2000062. [PMID: 32207224 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202000062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
This review explores the body of scientific information available on the antimicrobial properties of essential oils against pathogens responsible for respiratory infections and critically compares this to what is recommended in the Layman's aroma-therapeutic literature. Essential oils are predominantly indicated for the treatment of respiratory infections caused by bacteria or viruses (total 79.0 %), the efficacy of which has not been confirmed through clinical trials. When used in combination, they are often blended for presumed holistic synergistic effects. Of the essential oils recommended, all show some degree of antioxidant activity, 50.0 % demonstrate anti-inflammatory effects and 83.3 % of the essential oils showed antihistaminic activity. Of the essential oils reviewed, 43.8 % are considered non-toxic while the remaining essential oils are considered slightly to moderately toxic (43.7 %) or the toxicity is unknown (12.5 %). Recommendations are made for further research into essential oil combinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Leigh-de Rapper
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, 7 York Road, Parktown, 2193, South Africa
| | - Sandy F van Vuuren
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, 7 York Road, Parktown, 2193, South Africa
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Nallasamy P, Ramalingam T, Nooruddin T, Shanmuganathan R, Arivalagan P, Natarajan S. Polyherbal drug loaded starch nanoparticles as promising drug delivery system: Antimicrobial, antibiofilm and neuroprotective studies. Process Biochem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2020.01.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Leclercq L, Tessier J, Douyère G, Nardello-Rataj V, Schmitzer AR. Phytochemical- and Cyclodextrin-Based Pickering Emulsions: Natural Potentiators of Antibacterial, Antifungal, and Antibiofilm Activity. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2020; 36:4317-4323. [PMID: 32271592 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c00314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We present self-assembled Pickering emulsions containing biocidal phytochemical oils (carvacrol and terpinen-4-ol) and β-cyclodextrin able to potentiate the antimicrobial and antibiofilm activity of miconazoctylium bromide. The carvacrol-containing emulsion is 2-fold more sensitive against C. albicans and S. aureus and highly active against E. coli, compared to the commercial cream containing miconazole nitrate. Moreover, this emulsion shows a synergistic effect against fungi, additive responses against bacteria, and remarkable staphylococcal biofilm eradication. These results are associated with membrane permeabilization, enzymes inhibition, and the accumulation of reactive oxygen species in microorganisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loïc Leclercq
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, Univ. Artois, UMR 8181, UCCS - Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide, 59000 Lille, France
| | - Jérémie Tessier
- Université de Montréal, Département de Chimie, CP 6128 Succursale Centre-Ville, H3C3J7 Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Grégory Douyère
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, Univ. Artois, UMR 8181, UCCS - Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide, 59000 Lille, France
| | - Véronique Nardello-Rataj
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, Univ. Artois, UMR 8181, UCCS - Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide, 59000 Lille, France
| | - Andreea R Schmitzer
- Université de Montréal, Département de Chimie, CP 6128 Succursale Centre-Ville, H3C3J7 Montréal, Québec, Canada
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Asif M, Imran M. Effect of Quorum Sensing Inhibitor Agents against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF BIOORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s1068162020020041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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An NTG, Huong LT, Satyal P, Tai TA, Dai DN, Hung NH, Ngoc NTB, Setzer WN. Mosquito Larvicidal Activity, Antimicrobial Activity, and Chemical Compositions of Essential Oils from Four Species of Myrtaceae from Central Vietnam. PLANTS 2020; 9:plants9040544. [PMID: 32331486 PMCID: PMC7238417 DOI: 10.3390/plants9040544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Revised: 04/05/2020] [Accepted: 04/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Mosquitoes are important vectors of several diseases, and control of these insects is imperative for human health. Insecticides have proven useful in controlling mosquito populations, but insecticide resistance and environmental concerns are increasing. Additionally, emerging and re-emerging microbial infections are problematic. Essential oils have been shown to be promising mosquito larvicidal agents as well as antimicrobial agents. In this work, the essential oils from four species of Myrtaceae (Baeckea frutescens, Callistemon citrinus, Melaleuca leucadendra, and Syzygium nervosum) growing wild in central Vietnam have been obtained by hydrodistillation and analyzed by gas chromatographic techniques. The essential oils have been screened for mosquito larvicidal activity against Aedes aegypti, Aedes albopictus, and Culex quinquefasciatus, and for antimicrobial activity against Enterococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus aureus, and Candida albicans. Callistemon citrinus fruit essential oil, rich in α-pinene (35.1%), 1,8-cineole (32.4%), limonene (8.2%), and α-terpineol (5.8%) showed good larvicidal activity with 24-h LC50 = 17.3 μg/mL against both Ae. aegypti and Cx. quinquefasciatus, and good antibacterial activity against E. faecalis (minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) = 16 μg/mL) The 48-h larvicidal activities of M. leucadendra leaf essential oil, rich in α-eudesmol (17.6%), guaiol (10.9%), linalool (5.1%), (E)-caryophyllene (7.0%), and bulnesol (3.6%) were particularly notable, with LC50 of 1.4 and 1.8 μg/mL on Ae. aegypti and Cx. quinquefasciatus. Similarly, M. leucadendra bark essential oil, with α-eudesmol (24.1%) and guaiol (11.3%), showed good antibacterial activity against. E. faecalis. Both B. frutescens and C. citrinus leaf essential oils demonstrated anti-Candida activities with MIC values of 16 μg/mL. The results of this investigation suggest that essential oils derived from the Myrtaceae may serve as "green" alternatives for the control of mosquitoes and/or complementary antimicrobial agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nguyen Thi Giang An
- School of Natural Science Education, Vinh University, 182 Le Duan, Vinh City 43000, Nghe An Province, Vietnam; (N.T.G.A.); (L.T.H.)
| | - Le Thi Huong
- School of Natural Science Education, Vinh University, 182 Le Duan, Vinh City 43000, Nghe An Province, Vietnam; (N.T.G.A.); (L.T.H.)
| | - Prabodh Satyal
- Aromatic Plant Research Center, 230 N 1200 E, Suite 102, Lehi, UT 84043, USA;
| | - Thieu Anh Tai
- Department of Pharmacy, Duy Tan University, 03 Quang Trung, Da Nang 50000, Vietnam;
| | - Do Ngoc Dai
- Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18-Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi 10072, Vietnam;
- Faculty of Agriculture, Forestry and Fishery, Nghe An College of Economics, 51-Ly Tu Trong, Vinh City 4300, Nghe An Province, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Huy Hung
- Center for Advanced Chemistry, Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, 03 Quang Trung, Da Nang 550000, Vietnam
- Correspondence: (N.H.H.); (W.N.S.); Tel.: +84-967-036-828 (N.H.H.); +1-256-824-6519 (W.N.S.)
| | - Nguyen Thi Bich Ngoc
- Pedagogical Institute of Science, Vinh University, 182 Le Duan, Vinh City 43000, Vietnam;
| | - William N. Setzer
- Aromatic Plant Research Center, 230 N 1200 E, Suite 102, Lehi, UT 84043, USA;
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, AL 35899, USA
- Correspondence: (N.H.H.); (W.N.S.); Tel.: +84-967-036-828 (N.H.H.); +1-256-824-6519 (W.N.S.)
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