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Sánchez-Torres S, Orozco-Barrios C, Salgado-Ceballos H, Segura-Uribe JJ, Guerra-Araiza C, León-Cholula Á, Morán J, Coyoy-Salgado A. Tibolone Improves Locomotor Function in a Rat Model of Spinal Cord Injury by Modulating Apoptosis and Autophagy. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15285. [PMID: 37894971 PMCID: PMC10607734 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242015285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) harms patients' health and social and economic well-being. Unfortunately, fully effective therapeutic strategies have yet to be developed to treat this disease, affecting millions worldwide. Apoptosis and autophagy are critical cell death signaling pathways after SCI that should be targeted for early therapeutic interventions to mitigate their adverse effects and promote functional recovery. Tibolone (TIB) is a selective tissue estrogen activity regulator (STEAR) with neuroprotective properties demonstrated in some experimental models. This study aimed to investigate the effect of TIB on apoptotic cell death and autophagy after SCI and verify whether TIB promotes motor function recovery. A moderate contusion SCI was produced at thoracic level 9 (T9) in male Sprague Dawley rats. Subsequently, animals received a daily dose of TIB orally and were sacrificed at 1, 3, 14 or 30 days post-injury. Tissue samples were collected for morphometric and immunofluorescence analysis to identify tissue damage and the percentage of neurons at the injury site. Autophagic (Beclin-1, LC3-I/LC3-II, p62) and apoptotic (Caspase 3) markers were also analyzed via Western blot. Finally, motor function was assessed using the BBB scale. TIB administration significantly increased the amount of preserved tissue (p < 0.05), improved the recovery of motor function (p < 0.001) and modulated the expression of autophagy markers in a time-dependent manner while consistently inhibiting apoptosis (p < 0.05). Therefore, TIB could be a therapeutic alternative for the recovery of motor function after SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Sánchez-Torres
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Enfermedades Neurológicas, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City 06720, Mexico; (S.S.-T.); (H.S.-C.); (Á.L.-C.)
- Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología, Mexico City 03940, Mexico
| | - Carlos Orozco-Barrios
- CONACyT-Unidad de Investigación Médica en Enfermedades Neurológicas, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City 06720, Mexico;
| | - Hermelinda Salgado-Ceballos
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Enfermedades Neurológicas, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City 06720, Mexico; (S.S.-T.); (H.S.-C.); (Á.L.-C.)
| | - Julia J. Segura-Uribe
- Subdirección de Gestión de la Investigación, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, Secretaría de Salud, Mexico City 04530, Mexico;
| | - Christian Guerra-Araiza
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Farmacología, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City 06720, Mexico;
| | - Ángel León-Cholula
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Enfermedades Neurológicas, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City 06720, Mexico; (S.S.-T.); (H.S.-C.); (Á.L.-C.)
| | - Julio Morán
- División de Neurociencias, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico;
| | - Angélica Coyoy-Salgado
- CONACyT-Unidad de Investigación Médica en Enfermedades Neurológicas, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City 06720, Mexico;
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Barreto GE, Gonzalez J, Ramírez D. Network pharmacology and topological analysis on tibolone metabolites and their molecular mechanisms in traumatic brain injury. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 165:115089. [PMID: 37418975 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a pathology of great social impact, affecting millions of people worldwide. Despite the scientific advances to improve the management of TBI in recent years, we still do not have a specific treatment that controls the inflammatory process after mechanical trauma. The discovery and implementation of new treatments is a long and expensive process, making the repurpose of approved drugs for other pathologies a clinical interest. Tibolone is a drug in use for the treatment of symptoms associated with menopause and has been shown to have a broad spectrum of actions by regulating estrogen, androgen and progesterone receptors, whose activation exerts potent anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the therapeutic potential of the tibolone metabolites 3α-Hydroxytibolone, 3β-Hydroxytibolone, and Δ4-Tibolone as a possible therapy in TBI using network pharmacology and network topology analysis. Our results demonstrate that the estrogenic component mediated by the α and β metabolites can regulate synaptic transmission and cell metabolism, while the Δ metabolite may be involved in modulating the post-TBI inflammatory process. We identified several molecular targets, including KDR, ESR2, AR, NR3C1, PPARD, and PPARA, which are known to play critical roles in the pathogenesis of TBI. Tibolone metabolites were predicted to regulate the expression of key genes involved in oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis. Overall, the repurposing of tibolone as a neuroprotective treatment for TBI holds promise for future clinical trials. However, further studies are needed to confirm its efficacy and safety in TBI patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- George E Barreto
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland.
| | - Janneth Gonzalez
- Departamento de Nutrición y Bioquímica, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá D.C., Colombia
| | - David Ramírez
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
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Segura-Uribe JJ, García-de la Torre P, Castillo-Mendieta T, Bribiesca-Cruz I, Orozco-Suárez S, Soriano-Ursúa MA, Pinto-Almazán R, Fuentes-Venado CE, Guerra-Araiza C. Tibolone Improves Memory and Decreases the Content of Amyloid-β Peptides and Tau Protein in the Hippocampus of a Murine Model of Alzheimer's Disease. J Alzheimers Dis 2022; 90:1437-1447. [PMID: 36278346 DOI: 10.3233/jad-220434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alzheimer's disease (AD) affects women more than men and consequently has been associated with menopause. Tibolone (TIB) has been used as a hormone replacement therapy to alleviate climacteric symptoms. Neuroprotective effects of TIB have also been reported in some animal models. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to assess the effect of TIB on memory and Aβ peptides and tau protein content in the hippocampus and cerebellum of transgenic 3xTgAD ovariectomized mice. METHODS Three-month-old female mice were ovariectomized. Ten days after surgery, animals were divided into four groups: wild-type (WT)+vehicle; WT+TIB (1 mg/kg); 3xTgAD+vehicle; and 3xTgAD+TIB (1 mg/kg). TIB was administered for three months, and memory was evaluated using the object-in-context recognition task. Subsequently, animals were decapitated, and the hippocampus and cerebellum were dissected. Using commercial ELISA kits, these brain structures were homogenized in a PBS buffer for quantifying Aβ40 and Aβ42 and phosphorylated and total tau.ResultsA long-term memory deficit was observed in the 3xTgAD+vehicle group. In contrast, TIB treatment improved long-term memory in the 3xTgAD+TIB group than those treated with vehicle (p < 0.05). Furthermore, TIB treatment decreased Aβ and tau content in the hippocampus of 3xTgAD mice compared to vehicle-treated groups (p < 0.05). No significant changes were observed in the cerebellum. CONCLUSION Chronic treatment with TIB showed neuroprotective effects and delayed AD neuropathology in the 3xTgAD mice. Our results support hormone replacement therapy with TIB in menopausal women for neuroprotection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia J Segura-Uribe
- Subdirección de Gestión de la Investigación, Hospital Infantil de Mexico Federico Gómez, Secretarya de Salud, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Paola García-de la Torre
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Enfermedades Neurológicas, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Tzayaka Castillo-Mendieta
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Farmacologya, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Iván Bribiesca-Cruz
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Farmacologya, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Sandra Orozco-Suárez
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Enfermedades Neurológicas, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Marvin A Soriano-Ursúa
- Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Rodolfo Pinto-Almazán
- Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Claudia E Fuentes-Venado
- Servicio de Medicina Física y Rehabilitación, Hospital General de Zona No 197, Texcoco, State of Mexico, Mexico
| | - Christian Guerra-Araiza
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Farmacologya, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City, Mexico
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Arima-Yoshida F, Raveau M, Shimohata A, Amano K, Fukushima A, Watanave M, Kobayashi S, Hattori S, Usui M, Sago H, Mataga N, Miyakawa T, Yamakawa K, Manabe T. Impairment of spatial memory accuracy improved by Cbr1 copy number resumption and GABA B receptor-dependent enhancement of synaptic inhibition in Down syndrome model mice. Sci Rep 2020; 10:14187. [PMID: 32843708 PMCID: PMC7447763 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-71085-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Down syndrome is a complex genetic disorder caused by the presence of three copies of the chromosome 21 in humans. The most common models, carrying extra-copies of overlapping fragments of mouse chromosome 16 that is syntenic to human chromosome 21, are Ts2Cje, Ts1Cje and Ts1Rhr mice. In electrophysiological analyses using hippocampal slices, we found that the later phase of the depolarization during tetanic stimulation, which was regulated by GABAB receptors, was significantly smaller in Ts1Cje and Ts2Cje mice than that in WT controls but not in Ts1Rhr mice. Furthermore, isolated GABAB receptor-mediated inhibitory synaptic responses were larger in Ts1Cje mice. To our knowledge, this is the first report that directly shows the enhancement of GABAB receptor-mediated synaptic currents in Ts1Cje mice. These results suggest that GABAB receptor-mediated synaptic inhibition was enhanced in Ts1Cje and Ts2Cje mice but not in Ts1Rhr mice. The Cbr1 gene, which is present in three copies in Ts1Cje and Ts2Cje but not in Ts1Rhr, encodes carbonyl reductase that may facilitate GABAB-receptor activity through a reduction of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2). Interestingly, we found that a reduction of PGE2 and an memory impairment in Ts1Cje mice were alleviated when only Cbr1 was set back to two copies (Ts1Cje;Cbr1+/+/-). However, the GABAB receptor-dependent enhancement of synaptic inhibition in Ts1Cje was unaltered in Ts1Cje;Cbr1+/+/- mice. These results indicate that Cbr1 is one of the genes responsible for DS cognitive impairments and the gene(s) other than Cbr1, which is included in Ts1Cje but not in Ts1Rhr, is responsible for the GABAB receptor-dependent over-inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fumiko Arima-Yoshida
- Division of Neuronal Network, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan
| | - Matthieu Raveau
- Laboratory for Neurogenetics, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
| | - Atsushi Shimohata
- Laboratory for Neurogenetics, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
| | - Kenji Amano
- Laboratory for Neurogenetics, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
| | - Akihiro Fukushima
- Division of Neuronal Network, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan
| | - Masashi Watanave
- Division of Neuronal Network, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan
| | - Shizuka Kobayashi
- Division of Neuronal Network, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan
| | - Satoko Hattori
- Division of Systems Medical Science, Institute for Comprehensive Medical Science, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Aichi, 470-1192, Japan
| | - Masaya Usui
- Research Resources Division, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
| | - Haruhiko Sago
- Center for Maternal-Fetal, Neonatal and Reproductive Medicine, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, 157-8535, Japan
| | - Nobuko Mataga
- Research Resources Division, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Miyakawa
- Division of Systems Medical Science, Institute for Comprehensive Medical Science, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Aichi, 470-1192, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Yamakawa
- Laboratory for Neurogenetics, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan. .,Department of Neurodevelopmental Disorder Genetics, Institute of Brain Sciences, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Aichi, 467-8601, Japan.
| | - Toshiya Manabe
- Division of Neuronal Network, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan.
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The Synthetic Steroid Tibolone Decreases Reactive Gliosis and Neuronal Death in the Cerebral Cortex of Female Mice After a Stab Wound Injury. Mol Neurobiol 2018; 55:8651-8667. [PMID: 29582398 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-018-1008-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2017] [Accepted: 03/15/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that estradiol reduces reactive gliosis after a stab wound injury in the cerebral cortex. Since the therapeutic use of estradiol is limited by its peripheral hormonal effects, it is of interest to determine whether synthetic estrogenic compounds with tissue-specific actions regulate reactive gliosis. Tibolone is a synthetic steroid that is widely used for the treatment of climacteric symptoms and/or the prevention of osteoporosis. In this study, we have assessed the effect of tibolone on reactive gliosis in the cerebral cortex after a stab wound brain injury in ovariectomized adult female mice. By 7 days after brain injury, tibolone reduced the number of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) immunoreactive astrocytes, the number of ionized calcium binding adaptor molecule 1 (Iba1) immunoreactive microglia, and the number of microglial cells with a reactive phenotype in comparison to vehicle-injected animals. These effects on gliosis were associated with a reduction in neuronal loss in the proximity to the wound, suggesting that tibolone exerts beneficial homeostatic actions in the cerebral cortex after an acute brain injury.
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Pinto-Almazán R, Segura-Uribe JJ, Soriano-Ursúa MA, Farfán-García ED, Gallardo JM, Guerra-Araiza C. Effect of tibolone pretreatment on kinases and phosphatases that regulate the expression and phosphorylation of Tau in the hippocampus of rats exposed to ozone. Neural Regen Res 2018; 13:440-448. [PMID: 29623928 PMCID: PMC5900506 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.228726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/13/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress (OS) is a key process in the development of many neurodegenerative diseases, memory disorders, and other pathological processes related to aging. Tibolone (TIB), a synthetic hormone used as a treatment for menopausal symptoms, decreases lipoperoxidation levels, prevents memory impairment and learning disability caused by ozone (O3) exposure. However, it is not clear if TIB could prevent the increase in phosphorylation induced by oxidative stress of the microtubule-associated protein Tau. In this study, the effects of TIB at different times of administration on the phosphorylation of Tau, the activation of glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK3β), and the inactivation of Akt and phosphatases PP2A and PTEN induced by O3 exposure were assessed in adult male Wistar rats. Rats were divided into 10 groups: control group (ozone-free air plus vehicle [C]), control + TIB group (ozone-free air plus TIB 1 mg/kg [C + TIB]); 7, 15, 30, and 60 days of ozone exposure groups [O3] and 7, 15, 30, and 60 days of TIB 1 mg/kg before ozone exposure groups [O3 + TIB]. The effects of O3 exposure and TIB administration were assessed by western blot analysis of total and phosphorylated Tau, GSK3β, Akt, PP2A, and PTEN proteins and oxidative stress marker nitrotyrosine, and superoxide dismutase activity and lipid peroxidation of malondialdehyde by two different spectrophotometric methods (Marklund and TBARS, respectively). We observed that O3 exposure increases Tau phosphorylation, which is correlated with decreased PP2A and PTEN protein levels, diminished Akt protein levels, and increased GSK3β protein levels in the hippocampus of adult male rats. The effects of O3 exposure were prevented by the long-term treatment (over 15 days) with TIB. Malondialdehyde and nitrotyrosine levels increased from 15 to 60 days of exposure to O3 in comparison to C group, and superoxide dismutase activity decreased. Furthermore, TIB administration limited the changes induced by O3 exposure. Our results suggest a beneficial use of hormone replacement therapy with TIB to prevent neurodegeneration caused by O3 exposure in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodolfo Pinto-Almazán
- Unidad de Investigación Hospital Regional de Alta Especialidad Ixtapaluca, Carretera Federal México-Puebla km 34.5, C.P. 56530. Ixtapaluca, State of Mexico, Mexico
- Institute for the Developing Mind, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Julia J. Segura-Uribe
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Enfermedades Neurológicas, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Av. Cuauhtémoc 330 Col. Doctores. C. P. 06720. Mexico City, Mexico
- Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Plan de San Luis y Díaz Mirón, Col. Casco de Santo Tomás. C. P. 11340. Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Marvin A. Soriano-Ursúa
- Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Plan de San Luis y Díaz Mirón, Col. Casco de Santo Tomás. C. P. 11340. Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Eunice D. Farfán-García
- Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Plan de San Luis y Díaz Mirón, Col. Casco de Santo Tomás. C. P. 11340. Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Juan M. Gallardo
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Enfermedades Nefrológicas, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Av. Cuauhtémoc 330 Col. Doctores. C. P. 06720. Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Christian Guerra-Araiza
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Farmacología, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Av. Cuauhtémoc 330 Col. Doctores. C. P. 06720. Mexico City, Mexico
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González-Giraldo Y, Garcia-Segura LM, Echeverria V, Barreto GE. Tibolone Preserves Mitochondrial Functionality and Cell Morphology in Astrocytic Cells Treated with Palmitic Acid. Mol Neurobiol 2017; 55:4453-4462. [PMID: 28667487 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-017-0667-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2017] [Accepted: 06/19/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Obesity has been associated with increased chronic neuroinflammation and augmented risk of neurodegeneration. This is worsened during the normal aging process when the levels of endogenous gonadal hormones are reduced. In this study, we have assessed the protective actions of tibolone, a synthetic steroid with estrogenic actions, on T98G human astrocytic cells exposed to palmitic acid, a saturated fatty acid used to mimic obesity in vitro. Tibolone improved cell survival, and preserved mitochondrial membrane potential in palmitic acid-treated astrocytic cells. Although we did not find significant actions of tibolone on free radical production, it modulated astrocytic morphology after treatment with palmitic acid. These data suggest that tibolone protects astrocytic cells by preserving both mitochondrial functionality and morphological complexity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeimy González-Giraldo
- Departamento de Nutrición y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá D.C., Colombia
| | - Luis Miguel Garcia-Segura
- Instituto Cajal, CSIC, Madrid, Spain.,CIBER de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Valentina Echeverria
- Fac. Cs de la Salud, Universidad San Sebastián, Lientur 1457, 4080871, Concepción, Chile.,Bay Pines VA Health Care System, 10,000 Bay Pines Blvd, Bldg 23, Rm 123, Bay Pines, FL, 33744, USA
| | - George E Barreto
- Departamento de Nutrición y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá D.C., Colombia. .,Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
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Effects of Tibolone on the Central Nervous System: Clinical and Experimental Approaches. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 2017:8630764. [PMID: 28191467 PMCID: PMC5278195 DOI: 10.1155/2017/8630764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2016] [Revised: 12/10/2016] [Accepted: 12/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) increases the risk of endometrial and breast cancer. A strategy to reduce this incidence is the use of tibolone (TIB). The aim of this paper was to address the effects of TIB on the central nervous system (CNS). For the present review, MEDLINE (via PubMed), LILACS (via BIREME), Ovid Global Health, SCOPUS, Scielo, and PsycINFO (ProQuest Research Library) electronic databases were searched for the results of controlled clinical trials on peri- and postmenopausal women published from 1990 to September 2016. Also, this paper reviews experimental studies performed to analyze neuroprotective effects, cognitive deficits, neuroplasticity, oxidative stress, and stroke using TIB. Although there are few studies on the effect of this hormone in the CNS, it has been reported that TIB decreases lipid peroxidation levels and improves memory and learning. TIB has important neuroprotective effects that could prevent the risk of neurodegenerative diseases in postmenopausal women as well as the benefits of HRT in counteracting hot flashes, improving mood, and libido. Some reports have found that TIB delays cognitive impairment in various models of neuronal damage. It also modifies brain plasticity since it acts as an endocrine modulator regulating neurotransmitters, Tau phosphorylation, and decreasing neuronal death. Finally, its antioxidant effects have also been reported in different animal models.
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Avila-Rodriguez M, Garcia-Segura LM, Hidalgo-Lanussa O, Baez E, Gonzalez J, Barreto GE. Tibolone protects astrocytic cells from glucose deprivation through a mechanism involving estrogen receptor beta and the upregulation of neuroglobin expression. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2016; 433:35-46. [PMID: 27250720 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2016.05.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2016] [Revised: 04/29/2016] [Accepted: 05/28/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Tibolone, a synthetic steroid used for the prevention of osteoporosis and the treatment of climacteric symptoms in post-menopausal women, may exert tissue selective estrogenic actions acting on estrogen receptors (ERs). We previously showed that tibolone protects human T98G astroglial cells against glucose deprivation (GD). In this study we have explored whether the protective effect of tibolone on these cells is mediated by ERs. Experimental studies showed that both ERα and ERβ were involved in the protection by tibolone on GD cells, being ERβ preferentially involved on these actions over ERα. Tibolone increased viability of GD cells by a mechanism fully blocked by an ERβ antagonist and partially blocked by an ERα antagonist. Furthermore, ERβ inhibition prevented the effect of tibolone on nuclear fragmentation, ROS and mitochondrial membrane potential in GD cells. The protective effect of tibolone was mediated by neuroglobin. Tibolone upregulated neuroglobin in T98G cells and primary mouse astrocytes by a mechanism involving ERβ and neuroglobin silencing prevented the protective action of tibolone on GD cells. In summary, tibolone protects T98G cells by a mechanism involving ERβ and the upregulation of neuroglobin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Avila-Rodriguez
- Departamento de Nutrición y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, D.C., Colombia; Departamento de Ciencias Clínicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad del Tolima, Ibagué, Colombia
| | | | - Oscar Hidalgo-Lanussa
- Departamento de Nutrición y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, D.C., Colombia
| | - Eliana Baez
- Departamento de Nutrición y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, D.C., Colombia
| | - Janneth Gonzalez
- Departamento de Nutrición y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, D.C., Colombia
| | - George E Barreto
- Departamento de Nutrición y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, D.C., Colombia; Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Universidad Científica del Sur, Lima, Peru.
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Kloukina V, Herzer S, Karlsson N, Perez M, Daraio T, Meister B. G-protein-gated inwardly rectifying K+ channel 4 (GIRK4) immunoreactivity in chemically defined neurons of the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus that control body weight. J Chem Neuroanat 2012; 44:14-23. [PMID: 22465809 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchemneu.2012.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2011] [Revised: 02/10/2012] [Accepted: 03/15/2012] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
G-protein-gated inwardly rectifying K(+) channels (GIRKs; also called Kir3) are a family of K(+) channels, which are activated (opened) via a signal transduction cascade starting with ligand-stimulated G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). Four GIRK genes have been identified (GIRK1-4). GIRK4 (Kir3.4) has a role in regulating energy homeostasis, since mice with a targeted mutation in the GIRK4 gene exhibit a predisposition to late-onset obesity. GIRK4 mRNA is expressed in hypothalamic regions that harbor neurons involved in the regulation of food intake and body weight. Using goat and rabbit antisera to the GIRK4 protein, the cellular localization and transmitter content of GIRK4-immunoreactive neurons was determined in the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus, a region that contains neurons which are accessible to circulating hormones and is intimately associated with the control of body weight. GIRK4-immunoreactive large cell bodies were demonstrated in the ventrolateral part of the arcuate nucleus, with smaller neuronal cell bodies in the ventromedial part of the nucleus. Double-labeling showed presence of GIRK4 immunoreactivity in large neurons of the ventrolateral arcuate nucleus containing the peptides α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH), a marker for pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) neurons, and cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript (CART). GIRK4 immunoreactivity was also seen in neurons of the ventromedial part of the arcuate nucleus containing agouti-regulated peptide (AgRP) and neuropeptide Y (NPY). The results suggest that the GIRK4 channel protein plays a role in regulating membrane excitability in chemically defined neurons of the arcuate nucleus that control body weight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vaia Kloukina
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
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Espinosa-Raya J, Neri-Gómez T, Orozco-Suárez S, Campos MG, Guerra-Araiza C. Chronic administration of tibolone modulates anxiety-like behavior and enhances cognitive performance in ovariectomized rats. Horm Behav 2012; 61:76-83. [PMID: 22067260 DOI: 10.1016/j.yhbeh.2011.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2011] [Revised: 10/17/2011] [Accepted: 10/25/2011] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) may be prescribed to prevent the symptoms of menopause. This therapy may include estrogenic and/or progestin components and may increase the incidence of endometrial and breast cancers. Tibolone (TIB), which is also made up of estrogen and progestin components, is often used to reduce the impact of HRT. However, the effect of TIB on the processes of learning, memory and anxiety has yet to be fully elucidated. The aim of this study was to evaluate the long-term effect on learning, memory processes and anxiety in ovariectomized rats caused by different doses of TIB (0 mg/kg, 0.01 mg/kg, 0.1 mg/kg 1.0 mg/kg and 10 mg/kg, administered daily via the oral route for 18 weeks). Two behavioral animal models, the autoshaping and T maze models were employed. The concentrations of acetyl choline transferase (ChAT) and tryptophan hydroxylase (TPH) in the hippocampus were directly measured by Western blot. No significant changes were observed in the autoshaping model and spontaneous activity test. In the T maze, increased latency was observed with TIB doses of 1 and 10 mg/kg compared to the vehicle. We observed that the ChAT content decreased with increasing doses of TIB, whereas TPH content increased with doses of 1 and 10 mg/kg of TIB. These data indicate that high doses of TIB improved emotional learning, which may be related to the modulation of the cholinergic and serotonergic systems by TIB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith Espinosa-Raya
- Escuela Superior de Medicina del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Plan de San Luis y Díaz Mirón S/N, Col. Sto. Tomás, México D.F. 11340, Mexico
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Pinto-Almazán R, Calzada-Mendoza CC, Campos-Lara MG, Guerra-Araiza C. Effect of chronic administration of estradiol, progesterone, and tibolone on the expression and phosphorylation of glycogen synthase kinase-3β and the microtubule-associated protein tau in the hippocampus and cerebellum of female rat. J Neurosci Res 2011; 90:878-86. [DOI: 10.1002/jnr.22808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2011] [Revised: 08/25/2011] [Accepted: 09/01/2011] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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