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Sandini TM, Reis-Silva TM, Moreira N, Bernardi MM, Lebrun I, Spinosa HDS. Effects of isoflavones on behavior, estradiol, glutamate, and GABA levels in intact middle-aged female rats. Nutr Neurosci 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/1028415x.2018.1447296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thaísa Meira Sandini
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Thiago Marinho Reis-Silva
- Department of Neuroscience and Behavior, Psychology Institute, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Natalia Moreira
- Department of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria Martha Bernardi
- Post-Graduate Program of Environmental and Experimental Pathology and Post-Graduate Program of Dentistry, Paulista University, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ivo Lebrun
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Institute Butantan, São Paulo, Brazil
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Allopregnanolone's attenuation of the lordosis-inhibiting effects of restraint is blocked by the antiprogestin, CDB-4124. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2014; 122:16-9. [PMID: 24650591 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2014.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2014] [Revised: 02/23/2014] [Accepted: 03/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A brief restraint experience reduces lordosis behavior in ovariectomized females that have been hormonally primed with estradiol benzoate. The addition of progesterone to the priming prevents the lordosis inhibition. Based on prior studies with an inhibitor of progesterone metabolism, we have implicated the intracellular progesterone receptor, rather than progesterone metabolites, as responsible for this protection. However, the progesterone metabolite, allopregnanolone (3α-hydroxy-5α-pregnan-20-one), also prevents lordosis inhibition after restraint. In a prior study, we reported that the progestin receptor antagonist, RU486 (11β-(4-dimethylamino)phenyl-17β-hydroxy-17-(1-propynyl)estra-4,9-dien-3-one), attenuated the effect of allopregnanolone. Because RU486 can also block the glucocorticoid receptor, in the current studies, we evaluated the effect of the progestin receptor antagonist, CDB-4124 (17α-acetoxy-21-methoxy-11β-[4-N,N-dimethyaminopheny]-19-norpregna-4,9-dione-3,20-dione), which is relatively devoid of antiglucocorticoid activity. Ovariectomized, Fischer rats were injected with 10 μg estradiol benzoate. Two days later, rats received either 60 mg/kg CDB-4124 or 20% DMSO/propylene glycol vehicle 1 h before injection with 4 mg/kg allopregnanolone. After a pretest to confirm sexual receptivity, rats were restrained for 5min and immediately tested for sexual behavior. Lordosis behavior was reduced by the restraint and attenuated by allopregnanolone. Pretreatment with CDB-4124 reduced allopregnanolone's effect. These findings support prior suggestions that allopreganolone reduces the response to restraint by mechanisms that require activation of the intracellular progesterone receptor.
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Melcangi RC, Panzica GC. Neuroactive steroids and the nervous system: further observations on an incomplete tricky puzzle. J Neuroendocrinol 2013; 25:957-63. [PMID: 24580855 DOI: 10.1111/jne.12110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R C Melcangi
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
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Petersen SL, Intlekofer KA, Moura-Conlon PJ, Brewer DN, Del Pino Sans J, Lopez JA. Novel progesterone receptors: neural localization and possible functions. Front Neurosci 2013; 7:164. [PMID: 24065878 PMCID: PMC3776953 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2013.00164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2013] [Accepted: 08/24/2013] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Progesterone (P4) regulates a wide range of neural functions and likely acts through multiple receptors. Over the past 30 years, most studies investigating neural effects of P4 focused on genomic and non-genomic actions of the classical progestin receptor (PGR). More recently the focus has widened to include two groups of non-classical P4 signaling molecules. Members of the Class II progestin and adipoQ receptor (PAQR) family are called membrane progestin receptors (mPRs) and include: mPRα (PAQR7), mPRβ (PAQR8), mPRγ (PAQR5), mPRδ (PAQR6), and mPRε (PAQR9). Members of the b5-like heme/steroid-binding protein family include progesterone receptor membrane component 1 (PGRMC1), PGRMC2, neudesin, and neuferricin. Results of our recent mapping studies show that members of the PGRMC1/S2R family, but not mPRs, are quite abundant in forebrain structures important for neuroendocrine regulation and other non-genomic effects of P4. Herein we describe the structures, neuroanatomical localization, and signaling mechanisms of these molecules. We also discuss possible roles for Pgrmc1/S2R in gonadotropin release, feminine sexual behaviors, fluid balance and neuroprotection, as well as catamenial epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra L Petersen
- Molecular and Cellular Neuroendocrinology, Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst Amherst, MA, USA
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Involvement of the G-protein-coupled dopamine/ecdysteroid receptor DopEcR in the behavioral response to sex pheromone in an insect. PLoS One 2013; 8:e72785. [PMID: 24023771 PMCID: PMC3762930 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0072785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2013] [Accepted: 07/12/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Most animals including insects rely on olfaction to find their mating partners. In moths, males are attracted by female-produced sex pheromones inducing stereotyped sexual behavior. The behaviorally relevant olfactory information is processed in the primary olfactory centre, the antennal lobe (AL). Evidence is now accumulating that modulation of sex-linked behavioral output occurs through neuronal plasticity via the action of hormones and/or catecholamines. A G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) binding to 20-hydroxyecdysone, the main insect steroid hormone, and dopamine, has been identified in Drosophila (DmDopEcR), and was suggested to modulate neuronal signaling. In the male moth Agrotis ipsilon, the behavioral and central nervous responses to pheromone are age-dependent. To further unveil the mechanisms of this olfactory plasticity, we searched for DopEcR and tested its potential role in the behavioral response to sex pheromone in A. ipsilon males. Our results show that A. ipsilon DopEcR (named AipsDopEcR) is predominantly expressed in the nervous system. The corresponding protein was detected immunohistochemically in the ALs and higher brain centers including the mushroom bodies. Moreover, AipsDopEcR expression increased with age. Using a strategy of RNA interference, we also show that silencing of AipsDopEcR inhibited the behavioral response to sex pheromone in wind tunnel experiments. Altogether our results indicate that this GPCR is involved in the expression of sexual behavior in the male moth, probably by modulating the central nervous processing of sex pheromone through the action of one or both of its ligands.
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Joseph V, Niane LM, Bairam A. Antagonism of progesterone receptor suppresses carotid body responses to hypoxia and nicotine in rat pups. Neuroscience 2012; 207:103-9. [PMID: 22326965 PMCID: PMC3782486 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2012.01.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2011] [Revised: 01/19/2012] [Accepted: 01/20/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We tested the hypothesis that antagonism of progesterone receptor (PR) in newborn rats alters carotid body and respiratory responses to hypoxia and nicotinic receptor agonists. Rats were treated with the PR antagonist mifepristone (daily oral gavage 40 μg/g/d) or vehicle between postnatal days 3 and 15. In 11-14-day-old rats, we used in vitro carotid body/carotid sinus nerve preparation and whole body plethysmography to assess the carotid body and ventilatory responses to hypoxia (65 mmHg in vitro, 10% O2 in vivo) and to nicotinic receptor agonists (as an excitatory modulator of carotid body activity-nicotine 100 μM for in vitro studies, and epibatidine 5 μg/kg, i.p., which mainly acts on peripheral nicotinic receptors, for in vivo studies). The carotid body responses to hypoxia and nicotine were drastically reduced by mifepristone. Compared with vehicle, mifepristone-treated rats had a reduced body weight. The ventilatory response to epibatidine was attenuated; however, the hypoxic ventilatory response was similar between vehicle and mifepristone-treated pups. Immunohistochemical staining revealed that mifepristone treatment did not change carotid body morphology. We conclude that PR activity is a critical factor ensuring proper carotid body function in newborn rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Joseph
- Department of Pediatrics, Laval University, Centre de Recherche (D0-711), Hôpital St.-François d'Assise, 10 rue de l'Espinay, QC, G1L 3L5, Canada.
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O'Connell LA, Hofmann HA. Social status predicts how sex steroid receptors regulate complex behavior across levels of biological organization. Endocrinology 2012; 153:1341-51. [PMID: 22166981 DOI: 10.1210/en.2011-1663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Social status strongly affects behavior and physiology, in part mediated by gonadal hormones, although how each sex steroid acts across levels of biological organization is not well understood. We examine the role of sex steroids in modulating social behavior in dominant (DOM) and subordinate (SUB) males of a highly social fish, Astatotilapia burtoni. We first used agonists and antagonists to each sex steroid receptor and found that androgens and progestins modulate courtship behavior only in DOM, whereas estrogens modulate aggressive behavior independent of social status. We then examined the hormonal and physiological responses to sex steroid receptor antagonist treatment and uncovered substantial changes in circulating steroid hormone levels and gonad size only in SUB, not in DOM. Consistent with status-based physiological sensitivities to drug manipulation, we found that neuropeptide and steroid receptor gene expression in the preoptic area was sensitive only in SUB. However, when we compared the transcriptomes of males that received either vehicle or an estrogen receptor antagonist, 8.25% of all genes examined changed expression in DOM in comparison with only 0.56% in SUB. Finally, we integrate behavior, physiology, and brain gene expression to infer functional modules that underlie steroid receptor regulation of behavior. Our work suggests that environmentally induced changes at one level of biological organization do not simply affect changes of similar magnitude at other levels, but that instead very few key pathways likely serve as conduits for executing plastic responses across multiple levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren A O'Connell
- Section of Integrative Biology, The University of Texas at Austin, 1 University Station C0930, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
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Cooke BM, Shukla D. Double helix: reciprocity between juvenile play and brain development. Dev Cogn Neurosci 2011; 1:459-70. [PMID: 22436567 PMCID: PMC6987541 DOI: 10.1016/j.dcn.2011.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2011] [Revised: 06/27/2011] [Accepted: 07/03/2011] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
This review summarizes what is presently known about the function, sexual differentiation, and neural circuitry of juvenile rough-and-tumble play. Juvenile rough-and-tumble play is a unique motivated behavior that is widespread throughout the mammalian order and usually occurs more often in males. Immediate early gene studies indicate that cortical and subcortical circuits, many of which are sensitive to sex steroid hormones, mediate juvenile play. Sex differences in rough-and-tumble play are controlled in part by neonatal exposure to androgens or their estrogenic metabolites. Studies indicate that testicular androgens during play are also necessary to stimulate male-like levels of play initiation. The resemblance of rough-and-tumble play to aggression and sexual behavior has led some to question whether male-typical adult behavior is contingent upon the experience of play. Attempts to control the amount of play through social isolation show that social experience during adolescence is critical for male-typical adult behaviors to be expressed. This well-established finding, together with evidence that play induces neural plasticity, supports the hypothesis that juvenile play contributes to male-typical brain development that ultimately enables the expression of adult social and reproductive behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bradley M Cooke
- Neuroscience Institute, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, United States.
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O'Connell LA, Hofmann HA. Genes, hormones, and circuits: an integrative approach to study the evolution of social behavior. Front Neuroendocrinol 2011; 32:320-35. [PMID: 21163292 DOI: 10.1016/j.yfrne.2010.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2010] [Revised: 12/03/2010] [Accepted: 12/09/2010] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Tremendous progress has been made in our understanding of the ultimate and proximate mechanisms underlying social behavior, yet an integrative evolutionary analysis of its underpinnings has been difficult. In this review, we propose that modern genomic approaches can facilitate such studies by integrating four approaches to brain and behavior studies: (1) animals face many challenges and opportunities that are ecologically and socially equivalent across species; (2) they respond with species-specific, yet quantifiable and comparable approach and avoidance behaviors; (3) these behaviors in turn are regulated by gene modules and neurochemical codes; and (4) these behaviors are governed by brain circuits such as the mesolimbic reward system and the social behavior network. For each approach, we discuss genomic and other studies that have shed light on various aspects of social behavior and its underpinnings and suggest promising avenues for future research into the evolution of neuroethological systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren A O'Connell
- Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Section of Integrative Biology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78705, USA
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10
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O’Connell LA, Ding JH, Ryan MJ, Hofmann HA. Neural distribution of the nuclear progesterone receptor in the túngara frog, Physalaemus pustulosus. J Chem Neuroanat 2011; 41:137-47. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchemneu.2011.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2010] [Revised: 12/24/2010] [Accepted: 01/03/2011] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Stolzenberg DS, Numan M. Hypothalamic interaction with the mesolimbic DA system in the control of the maternal and sexual behaviors in rats. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2011; 35:826-47. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2010.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2010] [Revised: 10/05/2010] [Accepted: 10/06/2010] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Tognoni CM, Chadwick JG, Ackeifi CA, Tetel MJ. Nuclear receptor coactivators are coexpressed with steroid receptors and regulated by estradiol in mouse brain. Neuroendocrinology 2011; 94:49-57. [PMID: 21311177 PMCID: PMC3150972 DOI: 10.1159/000323780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2010] [Accepted: 12/18/2010] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS The steroid hormones, including estradiol (E) and progesterone, act in the brain to regulate female reproductive behavior and physiology. These hormones mediate many of their biological effects by binding to their respective intracellular receptors. The receptors for estrogens (ER) and progestins (PR) interact with nuclear receptor coactivators to initiate transcription of steroid-responsive genes. Work from our laboratory and others reveals that nuclear receptor coactivators, including steroid receptor coactivator-1 (SRC-1) and SRC-2, function in brain to modulate ER-mediated induction of the PR gene and hormone-dependent behaviors. In order for steroid receptors and coactivators to function together, both must be expressed in the same cells. METHODS Triple-label immunofluorescence was used to determine if E-induced PR cells also express SRC-1 or SRC-2 in reproductively relevant brain regions of the female mouse. RESULTS The majority of E-induced PR cells in the medial preoptic area (61%), ventromedial nucleus of the hypothalamus (63%) and arcuate nucleus (76%) coexpressed both SRC-1 and SRC-2. A smaller proportion of PR cells expressed either SRC-1 or SRC-2, while a few PR cells expressed neither coactivator. In addition, compared to control animals, 17β-estradiol benzoate (EB) treatment increased SRC-1 levels in the arcuate nucleus, but not the medial preoptic area or the ventromedial nucleus of the hypothalamus. EB did not alter SRC-2 expression in any of the three brain regions analyzed. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, the present findings identify a population of cells in which steroid receptors and nuclear receptor coactivators may interact to modulate steroid sensitivity in brain and regulate hormone-dependent behaviors in female mice. Given that cell culture studies reveal that SRC-1 and SRC-2 can mediate distinct steroid-signaling pathways, the present findings suggest that steroids can produce a variety of complex responses in these specialized brain cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Marc J. Tetel
- *Marc J. Tetel, Neuroscience Program, Wellesley College, 106 Central St., Wellesley, MA 02481 (USA), Tel. +1 781 283 3003, E-Mail
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Munchrath LA, Hofmann HA. Distribution of sex steroid hormone receptors in the brain of an African cichlid fish, Astatotilapia burtoni. J Comp Neurol 2010; 518:3302-26. [PMID: 20575061 DOI: 10.1002/cne.22401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Sex steroid hormones released from the gonads play an important role in mediating social behavior across all vertebrates. Many effects of these gonadal hormones are mediated by nuclear steroid hormone receptors, which are crucial for integration in the brain of external (e.g., social) signals with internal physiological cues to produce an appropriate behavioral output. The African cichlid fish Astatotilapia burtoni presents an attractive model system for the study of how internal cues and external social signals are integrated in the brain as males display robust plasticity in the form of two distinct, yet reversible, behavioral and physiological phenotypes depending on the social environment. In order to better understand where sex steroid hormones act to regulate social behavior in this species, we have determined the distribution of the androgen receptor, estrogen receptor alpha, estrogen receptor beta, and progesterone receptor mRNA and protein throughout the telencephalon and diencephalon and some mesencephalic structures of A. burtoni. All steroid hormone receptors were found in key brain regions known to modulate social behavior in other vertebrates including the proposed teleost homologs of the mammalian amygdalar complex, hippocampus, striatum, preoptic area, anterior hypothalamus, ventromedial hypothalamus, and ventral tegmental area. Overall, there is high concordance of mRNA and protein labeling. Our results significantly extend our understanding of sex steroid pathways in the cichlid brain and support the important role of nuclear sex steroid hormone receptors in modulating social behaviors in teleosts and across vertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren A Munchrath
- Section of Integrative Biology, Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78705, USA
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Yore MA, Im D, Webb LK, Zhao Y, Chadwick JG, Molenda-Figueira HA, Haidacher SJ, Denner L, Tetel MJ. Steroid receptor coactivator-2 expression in brain and physical associations with steroid receptors. Neuroscience 2010; 169:1017-28. [PMID: 20678994 PMCID: PMC2921768 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2010.05.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2010] [Revised: 05/11/2010] [Accepted: 05/24/2010] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Estradiol and progesterone bind to their respective receptors in the hypothalamus and hippocampus to influence a variety of behavioral and physiological functions, including reproduction and cognition. Work from our lab and others has shown that the nuclear receptor coactivators, steroid receptor coactivator-1 (SRC-1) and SRC-2, are essential for efficient estrogen receptor (ER) and progestin receptor (PR) transcriptional activity in brain and for hormone-dependent behaviors. While the expression of SRC-1 in brain has been studied extensively, little is known about the expression of SRC-2 in brain. In the present studies, we found that SRC-2 was highly expressed throughout the hippocampus, amygdala and hypothalamus, including the medial preoptic area (MPOA), ventral medial nucleus (VMN), arcuate nucleus (ARC), bed nucleus of the stria terminalis, supraoptic nucleus and suprachiasmatic nucleus. In order for coactivators to function with steroid receptors, they must be expressed in the same cells. Indeed, SRC-2 and ER(alpha) were coexpressed in many cells in the MPOA, VMN and ARC, all brain regions known to be involved in female reproductive behavior and physiology. While in vitro studies indicate that SRC-2 physically associates with ER and PR, very little is known about receptor-coactivator interactions in brain. Therefore, we used pull-down assays to test the hypotheses that SRC-2 from hypothalamic and hippocampal tissue physically associate with ER and PR subtypes in a ligand-dependent manner. SRC-2 from both brain regions interacted with ER(alpha) bound to agonist, but not in the absence of ligand or in the presence of the selective ER modulator, tamoxifen. Analysis by mass spectrometry confirmed these ligand-dependent interactions between ER(alpha) and SRC-2 from brain. In dramatic contrast, SRC-2 from brain showed little to no interaction with ERbeta. Interestingly, SRC-2 from both brain regions interacted with PR-B, but not PR-A, in a ligand-dependent manner. Taken together, these findings reveal that SRC-2 is expressed in brain regions known to mediate a variety of steroid-dependent functions. Furthermore, SRC-2 is expressed in many ER(alpha) containing cells in the hypothalamus. Finally, SRC-2 from brain interacts with ER and PR in a subtype-specific manner, which may contribute to the functional differences of these steroid receptor subtypes in brain.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - DaEun Im
- Neuroscience Program, Wellesley College, Wellesley, MA 02481
| | - Lena K. Webb
- Neuroscience Program, Skidmore College, Saratoga Springs, NY 12866
| | - Yingxin Zhao
- Department of Internal Medicine, Stark Diabetes Center, McCoy Stem Cells and Diabetes Mass Spectrometry Research Laboratory, Sealy Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555
| | | | - Heather A. Molenda-Figueira
- Center for Neuroendocrine Studies, Neuroscience and Behavior Program, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003
| | - Sigmund J. Haidacher
- Department of Internal Medicine, Stark Diabetes Center, McCoy Stem Cells and Diabetes Mass Spectrometry Research Laboratory, Sealy Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555
| | - Larry Denner
- Department of Internal Medicine, Stark Diabetes Center, McCoy Stem Cells and Diabetes Mass Spectrometry Research Laboratory, Sealy Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555
| | - Marc J. Tetel
- Neuroscience Program, Wellesley College, Wellesley, MA 02481
- Center for Neuroendocrine Studies, Neuroscience and Behavior Program, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003
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15
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Quinones-Jenab V, Jenab S. Progesterone attenuates cocaine-induced responses. Horm Behav 2010; 58:22-32. [PMID: 19819242 DOI: 10.1016/j.yhbeh.2009.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2009] [Revised: 09/28/2009] [Accepted: 10/01/2009] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In this review, we summarize literature focused on how progesterone alters cocaine-induced psychomotor, reinforcement, and physiological responses. Clinical studies suggest that progesterone attenuates the subjective effects of cocaine. Similarly, preclinical studies have demonstrated that cocaine-induced reward and psychomotor responses are attenuated after progesterone administration. In rats progesterone also reduces the reinforcement effects of cocaine attenuates acquisition, escalation, reinstatement of cocaine self-administration, and cocaine-seeking behaviors. Progesterone also counteracts the facilitatory effects of estrogen on cocaine self-administration and psychomotor activation. These findings suggest that progesterone has a potential in clinical applications as a treatment for cocaine addiction. Constantly changing progesterone serum levels in female humans and rats affect the female's reinforcement responses to cocaine and may in part contribute to the known sex differences in cocaine responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanya Quinones-Jenab
- Department of Psychology, Hunter College and Biopsychology and Behavioral Neuroscience PhD Subprogram, The Graduate Center, The City University of New York, 695 Park Ave, New York, NY 10065, USA.
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16
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Stein DG, Wright DW. Progesterone in the clinical treatment of acute traumatic brain injury. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2010; 19:847-57. [DOI: 10.1517/13543784.2010.489549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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17
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Salmina AB, Lopatina O, Ekimova MV, Mikhutkina SV, Higashida H. CD38/cyclic ADP-ribose system: a new player for oxytocin secretion and regulation of social behaviour. J Neuroendocrinol 2010; 22:380-92. [PMID: 20141572 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2826.2010.01970.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Oxytocin is important for regulating a number of physiological processes. Disruption of the secretion, metabolism or action of oxytocin results in an impairment of reproductive function, social and sexual behaviours, and stress responses. This review discusses current views on the regulation and autoregulation of oxytocin release in the hypothalamic-neurohypophysial system, with special focus on the activity of the CD38/cADP-ribose system as a new component in this regulation. Data from our laboratories indicate that an impairment of this system results in alterations of oxytocin secretion and abnormal social behaviour, thus suggesting new clues that help in our understanding of the pathogenesis of neurodevelopmental disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- A B Salmina
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical, Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Chemistry, Krasnoyarsk State Medical University, Krasnoyarsk 660022, Russia.
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Activation of progestin receptors in female reproductive behavior: Interactions with neurotransmitters. Front Neuroendocrinol 2010; 31:157-71. [PMID: 20116396 PMCID: PMC2849835 DOI: 10.1016/j.yfrne.2010.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2009] [Revised: 01/20/2010] [Accepted: 01/21/2010] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The steroid hormone, progesterone (P), modulates neuroendocrine functions in the central nervous system resulting in alterations in physiology and reproductive behavior in female mammals. A wide body of evidence indicates that these neural effects of P are predominantly mediated via their intracellular progestin receptors (PRs) functioning as "ligand-dependent" transcription factors in the steroid-sensitive neurons regulating genes and genomic networks. In addition to P, intracellular PRs can be activated by neurotransmitters, growth factors and cyclic nucleotides in a ligand-independent manner via crosstalk and convergence of pathways. Furthermore, recent studies indicate that rapid signaling events associated with membrane PRs and/or extra-nuclear, cytoplasmic PRs converge with classical PR activated pathways in neuroendocrine regulation of female reproductive behavior. The molecular mechanisms, by which multiple signaling pathways converge on PRs to modulate PR-dependent female reproductive behavior, are discussed in this review.
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Abstract
Traumatic brain injury is a significant clinical problem for which there is still no effective treatment. Recent laboratory and clinical data demonstrate a potentially beneficial role for neurosteroids, such as progesterone and allopregnanolone, in the treatment of traumatic brain injury, ischemic stroke and some neurodegenerative disorders. Unlike single-target agents, progesterone affects many of the molecular and physiological processes in the cascade of secondary damage after a traumatic brain injury. This article updates a 2006 Future Neurology review of the research on progesterone and its metabolites in the treatment of traumatic brain injury, and presents new evidence that vitamin D deficiency can reduce progesterone neuroprotection, while combining progesterone with vitamin D produces better functional outcomes after TBI compared with eithertreatment alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milos Cekic
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Donald G Stein
- Clinic B, Suite 5100, 1365B Clifton Road NE, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
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Gonadectomy and hormone replacement exert region- and enzyme isoform-specific effects on monoamine oxidase and catechol-O-methyltransferase activity in prefrontal cortex and neostriatum of adult male rats. Neuroscience 2009; 165:850-62. [PMID: 19909795 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2009.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2009] [Revised: 11/02/2009] [Accepted: 11/04/2009] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Sex differences and gonadal hormone influences are well known for diverse aspects of forebrain amine and indolamine neurotransmitter systems, the cognitive and affective functions they govern and their malfunction in mental illness. This study explored whether hormone regulation/dysregulation of these systems could be related to gonadal steroid effects on catechol-O-methyltransferase and monoamine oxidase which are principal enzymatic controllers of forebrain dopamine, serotonin and norepinephrine levels. Driven by male over female differences in cortical enzyme activities, by male-specific associations between monoamine oxidase and catechol-O-methyltransferase gene polymorphisms and cognitive and dysfunction in disease and by male-specific consequences of gene knockouts in mice, the question of hormone sensitivity was addressed here using a male rat model where prefrontal dopamine levels and related behaviors are also known to be affected. Specifically, quantitative O-methylation and oxidative deamination assays were used to compare the activities of catechol-O-methyltransferase's soluble and membrane-bound isoforms and of monoamine oxidase's A and B isoforms in the pregenual medial prefrontal cortex and dorsal striatum of male rats that were sham operated, gonadectomized or gonadectomized and supplemented with testosterone propionate or with estradiol for 28 days. These studies revealed significant effects of hormone replacement but not gonadectomy on the soluble but not the membrane-bound isorfom of catechol-O-methyltransferase in both striatum and cortex. A significant, cortex-specific testosterone-but not estradiol-attenuated effect (increase) of gonadectomy on monoamine oxidase's A but not B isoform was also observed. Although none of these actions suggest potential roles in the regulation/dysregulation of prefrontal dopamine, the suppressive effects of testosterone on cortical monoamine oxidase-A that were observed could have bearing on the increased incidence of cognitive deficits and symptoms of depression and anxiety that are repeatedly observed in males in conditions of hypogonadalism related to aging, other biological factors or in prostate cancer where androgen deprivation is used as a neoadjuvant treatment.
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