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Ben Haj Ali A, Amouri A, Sayeb M, Makni S, Hammami W, Naouali C, Dallali H, Romdhane L, Bashamboo A, McElreavey K, Abdelhak S, Messaoud O. Cytogenetic and molecular diagnosis of Fanconi anemia revealed two hidden phenotypes: Disorder of sex development and cerebro-oculo-facio-skeletal syndrome. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2019; 7:e00694. [PMID: 31124294 PMCID: PMC6625148 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Revised: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Several studies have shown a high rate of consanguinity and endogamy in North African populations. As a result, the frequency of autosomal recessive diseases is relatively high in the region with the co‐occurrence of two or more diseases. Methods We report here on a consanguineous Libyan family whose child was initially diagnosed as presenting Fanconi anemia (FA) with uncommon skeletal deformities. The chromosome breakage test has been performed using mitomycin C (MMC) while molecular analysis was performed by a combined approach of linkage analysis and whole exome sequencing. Results Cytogenetic analyses showed that the karyotype of the female patient is 46,XY suggesting the diagnosis of a disorder of sex development (DSD). By looking at the genetic etiology of FA and DSD, we have identified p.[Arg798*];[Arg798*] mutation in FANCJ (OMIM #605882) gene responsible for FA and p.[Arg108*];[Arg1497Trp] in EFCAB6 (Gene #64800) gene responsible for DSD. In addition, we have incidentally discovered a novel mutation p.[Gly1372Arg];[Gly1372Arg] in the ERCC6 (CSB) (OMIM #609413) gene responsible for COFS that might explain the atypical severe skeletal deformities. Conclusion The co‐occurrence of clinical and overlapping genetic heterogeneous entities should be taken into consideration for better molecular and genetic counseling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abir Ben Haj Ali
- Laboratory of Histology and Cytogenetics, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, University Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia.,Laboratory of Biomedical Genomics and Oncogenetics, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, University Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Ahlem Amouri
- Laboratory of Histology and Cytogenetics, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, University Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia.,Laboratory of Biomedical Genomics and Oncogenetics, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, University Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Marwa Sayeb
- Laboratory of Biomedical Genomics and Oncogenetics, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, University Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | | | - Wajih Hammami
- Laboratory of Histology and Cytogenetics, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, University Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia.,Laboratory of Biomedical Genomics and Oncogenetics, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, University Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Chokri Naouali
- Laboratory of Biomedical Genomics and Oncogenetics, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, University Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Hamza Dallali
- Laboratory of Biomedical Genomics and Oncogenetics, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, University Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Lilia Romdhane
- Laboratory of Biomedical Genomics and Oncogenetics, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, University Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Anu Bashamboo
- Human Developmental Genetics, Institut Pasteur de Paris, Paris, France
| | | | - Sonia Abdelhak
- Laboratory of Biomedical Genomics and Oncogenetics, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, University Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Olfa Messaoud
- Laboratory of Biomedical Genomics and Oncogenetics, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, University Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
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Niederhoffer KY, Fahiminiya S, Eydoux P, Mawson J, Nishimura G, Jerome-Majewska LA, Patel MS. Diagnosis of Van den Ende-Gupta syndrome: Approach to the Marden-Walker-like spectrum of disorders. Am J Med Genet A 2016; 170:2310-21. [DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.37831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2015] [Accepted: 06/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Karen Y. Niederhoffer
- Department of Medical Genetics; University of British Columbia; Vancouver British Columbia Canada
| | - Somayyeh Fahiminiya
- Department of Human Genetics; Pediatrics, McGill University; Montreal Quebec Canada
| | - Patrice Eydoux
- Department of Pathology Laboratory Medicine; University of British Columbia; Vancouver British Columbia Canada
| | - John Mawson
- Department of Radiology; University of British Columbia; Vancouver British Columbia Canada
| | - Gen Nishimura
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery; Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine; Nagoya Japan
| | - Loydie A. Jerome-Majewska
- Department of Human Genetics; Pediatrics, McGill University; Montreal Quebec Canada
- Pediatrics, McGill University; Montreal Quebec Canada
| | - Millan S. Patel
- Department of Medical Genetics; University of British Columbia; Vancouver British Columbia Canada
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3
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Abstract
Transcriptional arrest caused by DNA damage is detrimental for cells and organisms as it impinges on gene expression and thereby on cell growth and survival. To alleviate transcriptional arrest, cells trigger a transcription-dependent genome surveillance pathway, termed transcription-coupled nucleotide excision repair (TC-NER) that ensures rapid removal of such transcription-impeding DNA lesions and prevents persistent stalling of transcription. Defective TC-NER is causatively linked to Cockayne syndrome, a rare severe genetic disorder with multisystem abnormalities that results in patients' death in early adulthood. Here we review recent data on how damage-arrested transcription is actively coupled to TC-NER in mammals and discuss new emerging models concerning the role of TC-NER-specific factors in this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wim Vermeulen
- Department of Genetics and Netherlands Proteomics Centre, Centre for Biomedical Genetics, Erasmus Medical Centre, 3015 GE Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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4
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Jaakkola E, Mustonen A, Olsen P, Miettinen S, Savuoja T, Raams A, Jaspers NGJ, Shao H, Wu BL, Ignatius J. ERCC6 founder mutation identified in Finnish patients with COFS syndrome. Clin Genet 2011; 78:541-7. [PMID: 20456449 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0004.2010.01424.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Cerebro-oculo-facio-skeletal (COFS) syndrome is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by microcephaly, congenital cataracts, facial dysmorphism, neurogenic arthrogryposis, growth failure and severe psychomotor retardation. We report a large consanguineous pedigree from northern Finland with six individuals belonging into four different sibships and affected with typical COFS syndrome phenotype. Two deceased patients have been published previously in 1982 as the first cases exhibiting cerebral calcifications typical for this disorder. Two living and one of the deceased patients were all shown to possess a novel homozygous mutation in the ERCC6 [Cockayne syndrome B (CSB)] gene, thereby confirming the diagnosis on molecular genetic level even for the earlier published cases. Genealogical investigation showed a common ancestor living in a northeastern village in Finland in the 18th century for all six patients implying a founder effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Jaakkola
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Oulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
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Graham JM, Hennekam R, Dobyns WB, Roeder E, Busch D. MICRO syndrome: an entity distinct from COFS syndrome. Am J Med Genet A 2005; 128A:235-45. [PMID: 15216543 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.30060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Children born with the findings of microcephaly, cataracts and microcornea can result not only from a prenatal viral infection, but also from an autosomal recessive Mendelian disorders. We present three pairs of affected siblings with MICRO syndrome, who were born with congenital microcephaly, microcornea, and cataracts. MICRO syndrome is an autosomal recessive syndrome consisting of congenital microcephaly, cortical dysplasia, microcornea, cataracts, optic atrophy, severe mental retardation, hypotonic diplegia, and hypogenitalism. At birth, MICRO syndrome resembles Cerebro-Oculo-Facio-Skeletal (COFS) syndrome, but it differs in the lack of the rapidly progressive neurologic features leading to severe brain atrophy with calcifications. Patients with MICRO syndrome manifest frontal cortical dysplasia, hypoplasia of the corpus callosum, cortical blindness with optic atrophy, profound mental retardation, and progressive joint contractures with growth failure. COFS syndrome shares also many clinical and cellular similarities with Cockayne syndrome (CS), and cultured cells in both conditions demonstrate hypersensitivity to ultraviolet (UV) radiation due to impaired nucleotide excision repair (NER). NER studies in cultured fibroblasts from MICRO patients give normal results, so MICRO syndrome should be considered in children with features resembling COFS syndrome and CS, but who have normal NER. MICRO should be distinguished from other similar clinical disorders with normal NER by the presence of significant visual impairment and cortical blindness despite early surgery for congenital cataracts, frontal polymicrogyria, thin corpus callosum, and cortical atrophy by MRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- John M Graham
- Ahmanson Department of Pediatrics, Steven Spielberg Pediatric Research Center, SHARE's Child Disability Center, UCLA School of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California 90048, USA.
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7
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Jonas JB, Mayer U, Budde WM. Ocular findings in cerebro-oculo-facial-skeletal syndrome (Pena-Shokeir-II syndrome). Eur J Ophthalmol 2003; 13:209-11. [PMID: 12696642 DOI: 10.1177/112067210301300215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To report the ocular findings in cerebro-oculo-facial-skeletal syndrome or Pena-Shokeir-II syndrome. METHODS Case report. RESULTS A five-month-old male infant presented with bilateral posterior polar cataract, microphthalmos, nystagmus, and marked non-glaucomatous optic nerve atrophy. Systemic abnormalities such as microcephaly, micrognathia, flexion contractures of the elbows and knees, hypotonic musculature, and failure to thrive, with pronounced statomotor retardation, led to the diagnosis of cerebro-oculo-facial-skeletal syndrome or Pena-Shokeir-II syndrome. Cataract surgery did not improve the poor visual performance. CONCLUSIONS Cerebro-oculo-facial-skeletal syndrome (Pena-Shokeir-II syndrome) should be included in the differential diagnosis of bilateral microphthalmos, congenital cataract, nystagmus, and pronounced optic nerve atrophy, and cataract surgery does not markedly improve vision.
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Affiliation(s)
- J B Jonas
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye Hospital, University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany.
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8
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Abstract
Pena-Shokier phenotype is an early lethal disorder involving multiple joint contractures, facial anomalies, and pulmonary hypoplasia. Alternative terms for this syndrome used in the literature include fetal hypokinesia syndrome, lethal congenital contracture syndrome, and Pena-Shokier syndrome type I. The etiology for the early cases was attributed to neuromuscular disease, with deformations owing to weakness or paralysis of the motor unit. An abnormality of spinal cord motoneurons has been postulated in some cases. Pena-Shokier phenotype can also result from blockade of the neuromuscular junction, as shown by recent observations with women expressing antibodies against the fetal acetylcholine receptor. It has been shown that the Pena-Shokier phenotype may result from intrauterine cerebral dysfunction as well, including acquired brain insults and congenital brain malformations. The ultimate prognosis for children with this disorder is dependent on the underlying etiology and the severity of pulmonary disease. The authors report a fatal case of Pena-Shokier phenotype with congenital polymicrogyria. To our knowledge, the case presented is the first reported Pena-Shokier phenotype associated with this type of brain malformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathaniel Kho
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
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9
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Graham JM, Anyane-Yeboa K, Raams A, Appeldoorn E, Kleijer WJ, Garritsen VH, Busch D, Edersheim TG, Jaspers NG. Cerebro-oculo-facio-skeletal syndrome with a nucleotide excision-repair defect and a mutated XPD gene, with prenatal diagnosis in a triplet pregnancy. Am J Hum Genet 2001; 69:291-300. [PMID: 11443545 PMCID: PMC1235303 DOI: 10.1086/321295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2001] [Accepted: 05/29/2001] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Cerebro-oculo-facio-skeletal (COFS) syndrome is a recessively inherited rapidly progressive neurologic disorder leading to brain atrophy, with calcifications, cataracts, microcornea, optic atrophy, progressive joint contractures, and growth failure. Cockayne syndrome (CS) is a recessively inherited neurodegenerative disorder characterized by low to normal birth weight, growth failure, brain dysmyelination with calcium deposits, cutaneous photosensitivity, pigmentary retinopathy and/or cataracts, and sensorineural hearing loss. Cultured CS cells are hypersensitive to UV radiation, because of impaired nucleotide-excision repair (NER) of UV-induced damage in actively transcribed DNA, whereas global genome NER is unaffected. The abnormalities in CS are caused by mutated CSA or CSB genes. Another class of patients with CS symptoms have mutations in the XPB, XPD, or XPG genes, which result in UV hypersensitivity as well as defective global NER; such patients may concurrently have clinical features of another NER syndrome, xeroderma pigmentosum (XP). Clinically observed similarities between COFS syndrome and CS have been followed by discoveries of cases of COFS syndrome that are associated with mutations in the XPG and CSB genes. Here we report the first involvement of the XPD gene in a new case of UV-sensitive COFS syndrome, with heterozygous substitutions-a R616W null mutation (previously seen in patients in XP complementation group D) and a unique D681N mutation-demonstrating that a third gene can be involved in COFS syndrome. We propose that COFS syndrome be included within the already known spectrum of NER disorders: XP, CS, and trichothiodystrophy. We predict that future patients with COFS syndrome will be found to have mutations in the CSA or XPB genes, and we document successful use of DNA repair for prenatal diagnosis in triplet and singleton pregnancies at risk for COFS syndrome. This result strongly underlines the need for screening of patients with COFS syndrome, for either UV sensitivity or DNA-repair abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Graham
- Medical Genetics Birth Defects Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA.
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10
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Meira LB, Graham, Jr. JM, Greenberg CR, Busch DB, Doughty ATB, Ziffer DW, Coleman DM, Savre-Train I, Friedberg EC. Manitoba aboriginal kindred with original cerebro-oculo- facio-skeletal syndrome has a mutation in the Cockayne syndrome group B (CSB) gene. Am J Hum Genet 2000; 66:1221-8. [PMID: 10739753 PMCID: PMC1288189 DOI: 10.1086/302867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/1999] [Accepted: 01/07/2000] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Cerebro-oculo-facio-skeletal (COFS) syndrome is a rapidly progressive neurological disorder leading to brain atrophy with calcification, cataracts, microcornea, optic atrophy, progressive joint contractures, and growth failure. Cockayne syndrome (CS) is a recessively inherited neurodegenerative disorder characterized by low-to-normal birth weight; growth failure; brain dysmyelination with calcium deposits; cutaneous photosensitivity; pigmentary retinopathy, cataracts, or both; and sensorineural hearing loss. CS cells are hypersensitive to UV radiation because of impaired nucleotide excision repair of UV radiation-induced damage in actively transcribed DNA. The abnormalities in CS are associated with mutations in the CSA or CSB genes. In this report, we present evidence that two probands related to the Manitoba Aboriginal population group within which COFS syndrome was originally reported have cellular phenotypes indistinguishable from those in CS cells. The identical mutation was detected in the CSB gene from both children with COFS syndrome and in both parents of one of the patients. This mutation was also detected in three other patients with COFS syndrome from the Manitoba Aboriginal population group. These results suggest that CS and COFS syndrome share a common pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisiane B. Meira
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, Department of Pathology, and Department of Cell Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas; Division of Clinical Genetics and Dysmorphology, Department of Pediatrics, Steven Spielberg Pediatric Research Center, SHARE's Child Disability Center, University of California–Las Vegas School of Medicine, Los Angeles; Section of Genetics and Metabolism, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg; and Department of Environmental and Toxicologic Pathology, Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, Walter Reed Army Medical Center, Washington, DC
| | - John M. Graham, Jr.
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, Department of Pathology, and Department of Cell Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas; Division of Clinical Genetics and Dysmorphology, Department of Pediatrics, Steven Spielberg Pediatric Research Center, SHARE's Child Disability Center, University of California–Las Vegas School of Medicine, Los Angeles; Section of Genetics and Metabolism, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg; and Department of Environmental and Toxicologic Pathology, Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, Walter Reed Army Medical Center, Washington, DC
| | - Cheryl R. Greenberg
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, Department of Pathology, and Department of Cell Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas; Division of Clinical Genetics and Dysmorphology, Department of Pediatrics, Steven Spielberg Pediatric Research Center, SHARE's Child Disability Center, University of California–Las Vegas School of Medicine, Los Angeles; Section of Genetics and Metabolism, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg; and Department of Environmental and Toxicologic Pathology, Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, Walter Reed Army Medical Center, Washington, DC
| | - David B. Busch
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, Department of Pathology, and Department of Cell Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas; Division of Clinical Genetics and Dysmorphology, Department of Pediatrics, Steven Spielberg Pediatric Research Center, SHARE's Child Disability Center, University of California–Las Vegas School of Medicine, Los Angeles; Section of Genetics and Metabolism, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg; and Department of Environmental and Toxicologic Pathology, Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, Walter Reed Army Medical Center, Washington, DC
| | - Ana T. B. Doughty
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, Department of Pathology, and Department of Cell Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas; Division of Clinical Genetics and Dysmorphology, Department of Pediatrics, Steven Spielberg Pediatric Research Center, SHARE's Child Disability Center, University of California–Las Vegas School of Medicine, Los Angeles; Section of Genetics and Metabolism, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg; and Department of Environmental and Toxicologic Pathology, Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, Walter Reed Army Medical Center, Washington, DC
| | - Deborah W. Ziffer
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, Department of Pathology, and Department of Cell Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas; Division of Clinical Genetics and Dysmorphology, Department of Pediatrics, Steven Spielberg Pediatric Research Center, SHARE's Child Disability Center, University of California–Las Vegas School of Medicine, Los Angeles; Section of Genetics and Metabolism, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg; and Department of Environmental and Toxicologic Pathology, Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, Walter Reed Army Medical Center, Washington, DC
| | - Donna M. Coleman
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, Department of Pathology, and Department of Cell Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas; Division of Clinical Genetics and Dysmorphology, Department of Pediatrics, Steven Spielberg Pediatric Research Center, SHARE's Child Disability Center, University of California–Las Vegas School of Medicine, Los Angeles; Section of Genetics and Metabolism, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg; and Department of Environmental and Toxicologic Pathology, Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, Walter Reed Army Medical Center, Washington, DC
| | - Isabelle Savre-Train
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, Department of Pathology, and Department of Cell Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas; Division of Clinical Genetics and Dysmorphology, Department of Pediatrics, Steven Spielberg Pediatric Research Center, SHARE's Child Disability Center, University of California–Las Vegas School of Medicine, Los Angeles; Section of Genetics and Metabolism, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg; and Department of Environmental and Toxicologic Pathology, Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, Walter Reed Army Medical Center, Washington, DC
| | - Errol C. Friedberg
- Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, Department of Pathology, and Department of Cell Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas; Division of Clinical Genetics and Dysmorphology, Department of Pediatrics, Steven Spielberg Pediatric Research Center, SHARE's Child Disability Center, University of California–Las Vegas School of Medicine, Los Angeles; Section of Genetics and Metabolism, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg; and Department of Environmental and Toxicologic Pathology, Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, Walter Reed Army Medical Center, Washington, DC
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11
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE Determination of the prevalence of arthrogryposis multiplex congenita in Western Australia as well as the causes of the condition. Overseas reports varied considerably and no such survey had been conducted in Western Australia. METHODOLOGY Case names were obtained from various registers and records as well as from private practitioners covering the 14 years birth cohort between 1980 and 1993. The records, and where possible the patients, were seen by one of the authors. Diagnosis was further established through relevant investigation where possible. RESULTS Thirty cases were identified, giving a birth prevalence of approximately 1 in 12000. In nine cases there were significant abnormalities of the central nervous system, in seven cases anterior horn cell and/or peripheral nervous involvement was the cause and in three there was primary muscle disease. The remaining 11 had various syndromes for which no definite neuropathological lesions could be demonstrated, but most of these had syndromes such as distal arthrogryposis or amyoplasia. Mortality was 37%. Talipes occurred in 23 of 30 cases. Early intervention and, in more severe cases, radical surgical intervention was the management adopted in most cases. CONCLUSION The birth prevalence of arthrogryposis in Western Australia is somewhat less than that reported in Canada and Finland but somewhat greater than the Edinburgh figures, which appear to be the extremes quoted in the literature. Prognosis is worse in cases with serious central nervous system involvement and/or chest involvement, and better in cases of localised arthrogryposis (e.g. distal), as well as in the specific syndrome of amyoplasia as described by Hall.
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Affiliation(s)
- E P Silberstein
- Department of Neuropathology, Royal Perth Hospital, Western Australia, Australia
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12
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Sakai T, Kikuchi F, Takashima S, Matsuda H, Watanabe N. Neuropathological findings in the cerebro-oculo-facio-skeletal (Pena-Shokeir II) syndrome. Brain Dev 1997; 19:58-62. [PMID: 9071492 DOI: 10.1016/s0387-7604(96)00057-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
An autopsy case is described of an infant with cerebro-oculo-facio-skeletal (COFS) (Pena-Shokeir II) syndrome who died of pneumonia at the age of 5 months, and the pathology of the CNS in this case and the cases in literature were reviewed. Neuropathological examination revealed a partial defect of the corpus callosum, lobulation of the caudate nucleus and putamen, polymicrogyria in the parietal lobes and neuronal heterotopia in the cerebral and cerebellar white matter. The migration disorders suggest that the onset starts in the early fetal period.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Sakai
- Department of Biochemistry, Kyorin University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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Temtamy SA, Meguid NA, Mahmoud A, Afifi HH, Gerzawy A, Zaki MS. COFS syndrome with familial 1;16 translocation. Clin Genet 1996; 50:240-3. [PMID: 9001808 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0004.1996.tb02635.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
We report on an Egyptian girl with phenotypic abnormalities of cerebro-oculofacio-skeletal syndrome. She had microcephaly, bilateral congenital cataract, nystagmus, long ear pinnae, camptodactyly, prominent heels, coxa valga, kyphosis and flexure contracture of the elbows and knees. CT scan showed bilateral symmetrical intracranial calcifications. In addition, she had an apparently balanced translocation: 46,XX,t(1;16)(q23;q13) in all cells transmitted from a phenotypically normal mother with a similar balanced translocation mosaicism. We suggest that genes for COFS syndrome could be located on chromosome 1q23 or 16q13. We recommend chromosomal analysis and DNA studies in cases with COFS manifestations.
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Affiliation(s)
- S A Temtamy
- Human Genetics Department, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
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14
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Stratakis CA, Runkle B, Rennert OM. A variant of the cerebro-oculo-facio-skeletal syndrome with congenital ectropion and a case of lamellar ichthyosis in the same family. Clin Genet 1994; 45:162-3. [PMID: 8026108 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0004.1994.tb04014.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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15
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Gershoni-Baruch R, Ludatscher RM, Lichtig C, Sujov P, Machoul I. Cerebro-oculo-facio-skeletal syndrome: further delineation. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS 1991; 41:74-7. [PMID: 1951466 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.1320410119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
We report on a newborn infant with cerebro-oculo-facio-skeletal (COFS) syndrome. Congenital muscular dystrophy-like changes were present in this patient. It is debated whether the clinical spectrum of the COFS phenotype should be expanded to include congenital muscular dystrophy:
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16
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Abstract
Cerebro-oculo-facial-skeletal (COFS) syndrome is a rare, autosomal recessive syndrome characterized by microcephaly, microphthalmia and/or cataracts, neurogenic arthrogryposis, and multiple congenital anomalies. A term female infant with COFS syndrome who developed infantile spasms at the age of 3 months is reported. The patient had a good response to intramuscular ACTH with disappearance of infantile spasms and resolution of the hypsarrhythmic pattern on electroencephalography succeeded by a slow, synchronous pattern. Modified hypsarrhythmia returned after ACTH therapy was discontinued. Infantile spasms have not previously been reported in association with COFS syndrome and are a potentially treatable aspect of the disease. This patient may add to the clinical spectrum of COFS syndrome or may have a variant.
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Affiliation(s)
- C L Harden
- Department of Neurology, New York Medical College, NY 10029
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17
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Witt DR, Hayden MR, Holbrook KA, Dale BA, Baldwin VJ, Taylor GP. Restrictive dermopathy: a newly recognized autosomal recessive skin dysplasia. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS 1986; 24:631-48. [PMID: 2426945 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.1320240408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
A brother and sister from consecutive pregnancies had rigid and tightly adherent skin in association with generalized contractures, unusual facies, pulmonary hypoplasia, an abnormal placenta, and a short umbilical cord. Both died shortly after birth. Pathologic examination of the skin by light and electron microscopy showed structural abnormalities of the epidermis, dermis, and subcutaneous fat. An abnormal pattern of keratin proteins was determined biochemically using extracted epidermal proteins. Autopsy showed a normal spinal cord and muscle histology. It is postulated that the defective skin severely restricted movement and secondarily led to the other abnormalities. Familial occurrence is most consistent with autosomal recessive transmission. These patients and the primary skin defect are discussed within the framework of the Fetal Akinesia or Hypokinesia Deformation Sequence.
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18
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Lowry RB, Machin GA, Morgan K, Mayock D, Marx L. Congenital contractures, edema, hyperkeratosis, and intrauterine growth retardation: a fatal syndrome in Hutterite and Mennonite kindreds. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS 1985; 22:531-43. [PMID: 3840649 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.1320220311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
We present clinical findings in infants from three kindreds (two Hutterite and one Mennonite) with an apparently unique, fatal disorder. The major manifestations consist of severe intrauterine growth retardation, congenital contractures, and tense skin which is easily eroded. The skin is tightly drawn over the face, giving an abnormal appearance consisting of a narrow, pinched nose, small mouth, limited jaw mobility, and ectropion (in one). One infant had first-degree hypospadias. Apart from this, there were no organ malformations and the infants did not have hydrops. Histologically, the skin showed hyperkeratosis. It is postulated that this is a tissue dysplasia and that all of the clinical effects are secondary. The disorder appears to be an autosomal recessive trait. The two Hutterite families are from different endogamous subdivisions. They are related as fourth cousins once-removed and fifth cousins in multiple ways through the six nearest common ancestors of all four parents. There are 25 founders (11 couples and three individuals) who are common ancestors. We computed the probability of joint descent of the four alleles in each pair of parents and in a sample of Alberta Hutterite couples, assuming that each of the common founders in turn was the original carrier. For an allele from one particular founder couple, there is a relatively greater probability of identity by descent for each pair of parents than on the average for other couples of the same endogamous subdivision.
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Rozin MM, Hertz M, Goodman RM. A new syndrome with camptodactyly, joint contractures, facial anomalies, and skeletal defects: a case report and review of syndromes with camptodactyly. Clin Genet 1984; 26:342-55. [PMID: 6437708 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0004.1984.tb01070.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
A new camptodactyly syndrome is described in a 16-year-old Sephardic Jewish girl consisting of unusual facies with multiple eye anomalies, short stature, scoliosis, and joint contractures. Parental consanguinity is suggestive of an autosomal recessive mode of inheritance, although a new autosomal dominant mutation cannot be excluded. Fourty-four syndromes associated with camptodactyly are summarized and reviewed.
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Silengo MC, Davi G, Bianco R, Biagioli M, Franceschini P, Cavallo M, Bussi G. The Neu-COFS (cerebro-oculo-facio-skeletal) syndrome: report of a case. Clin Genet 1984; 25:201-4. [PMID: 6705255 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0004.1984.tb00486.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
A newborn female with a phenotype intermediate between the Neu and the COFS syndromes is described. The hypothesis of the two conditions representing different degrees of severity of the same autosomal recessive mutation in the homozygote state is discussed.
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Curry CJ. Further comments on the Neu-Laxova syndrome. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS 1982; 13:441-4. [PMID: 6891563 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.1320130414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Fitch N, Resch L, Rochon L. The Neu-Laxova syndrome: comments on syndrome identification. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS 1982; 13:445-52. [PMID: 6891564 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.1320130415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Linna SL, Finni K, Similä S, Kouvalainen K, Laitinen J. Intracranial calcifications in cerebro-oculo-facio-skeletal (COFS) syndrome. Pediatr Radiol 1982; 12:28-30. [PMID: 7063265 DOI: 10.1007/bf01221707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Two brothers with typical clinical findings of the COFS-syndrome are described. In the cranial CT performed on the younger patient at the age of 2 years and 6 months, foci of intracranial calcification located symmetrically in the region of the lenticular nucleus and hemispheric white matter were noted. This finding is clearly distinguishable from the other known patterns of intracranial calcification and could be pathognomonic of the COFS-syndrome.
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Winter RM, Donnai D, Crawfurd MD. Syndromes of microcephaly, microphthalmia, cataracts, and joint contractures. J Med Genet 1981; 18:129-33. [PMID: 7241531 PMCID: PMC1048685 DOI: 10.1136/jmg.18.2.129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Three infants are described, one with the Neu-Laxova syndrome and two with the cerebro-oculo-facio-skeletal (COFS) syndrome. The relationship between these two syndromes is discussed in the light of the present cases and others in published reports.
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Abstract
A 3 1/2-month-old boy with the cerebro-oculo-facio-skeletal syndrome had low birth weight, microcephaly, microphthalmia, cataracts, blepharophimosis, high nasal bridge, micrognathia, kyphosis, rocker-bottom feet, and a longitudinal foot groove. The product of a consanguineous parentage, he showed marked developmental retardation, suggesting abnormal recessive inheritance.
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Williams RS, Holmes LB. The syndrome of multiple ankyloses and facial anomalies. A neuropathologic analysis. Acta Neuropathol 1980; 50:175-9. [PMID: 7415811 DOI: 10.1007/bf00688750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
An infant with the clinical syndrome of multiple joint ankyloses and facial anomalies was examined at autopsy. Neuropathologic analysis disclosed reduced numbers of spinal motor neurons and denervation atrophy of skeletal muscle as the basis for joint ankyloses. A comparison of the neuropathologic findings in this case to those to other clinically similar cases reported recently confirms that the phenotype is not specific, and occurs in a variety of neuro-muscular diseases only some of which are likely to be inherited as an autosomal recessive trait. Diagnostic evaluation of these disorders should include both chromosomal analysis and confirmation of the underlying pathologic process.
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Lurie IW, Cherstvoy ED, Lazjuk GI, Nedzved MK, Usoev SS. Further evidence for the autosomal-recessive inheritance of the COFS syndrome. Clin Genet 1976; 10:343-6. [PMID: 825334 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0004.1976.tb00059.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Abstract
A method has been developed to test for heterogeneity in syndromes of unknown etiology and to distinguish between patients with and without the syndrome. The validity of the method was tested on a group of patients suspected of having a syndrome that can be diagnosed by other means (Down syndrome), and was found to be effective. The method was then applied to a group of patients suspected of having a syndrome of unknown etiology (de Lange). It was shown that the group appears to be heterogeneous. A preliminary diagnosis of having or not having the syndrome was made in about 80% of the patients.
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Brownstein S, Kirkham TH, Kalousek DK. Bilateral renal agenesis with multiple congenital ocular anomalies. Am J Ophthalmol 1976; 82:770-4. [PMID: 826161 DOI: 10.1016/0002-9394(76)90015-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
A 920-g male infant born with features of Potter's syndrome had multiple ocular anomalies. Ocular abnormalities included absence of keratocytes in the inner central corneal stroma, cataract with retention of cell nuclei in the nucleus of the lens, hypoplasia of the ganglion cell and nerve fiber layers of the retina, and absence of nerve bundles in the optic nerve. Other ocular findings including microphthalmos, fetal chamber angle, persistent pupillary membrane , retinal avascularity, and prominent Bergmeister's papilla may have been related to the prematurity of the child.
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