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Noothi SK, Ahmed MR, Agrawal DK. Residual risks and evolving atherosclerotic plaques. Mol Cell Biochem 2023; 478:2629-2643. [PMID: 36897542 PMCID: PMC10627922 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-023-04689-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
Abstract
Atherosclerotic disease of the coronary and carotid arteries is the primary global cause of significant mortality and morbidity. The chronic occlusive diseases have changed the epidemiological landscape of health problems both in developed and the developing countries. Despite the enormous benefit of advanced revascularization techniques, use of statins, and successful attempts of targeting modifiable risk factors, like smoking and exercise in the last four decades, there is still a definite "residual risk" in the population, as evidenced by many prevalent and new cases every year. Here, we highlight the burden of the atherosclerotic diseases and provide substantial clinical evidence of the residual risks in these diseases despite advanced management settings, with emphasis on strokes and cardiovascular risks. We critically discussed the concepts and potential underlying mechanisms of the evolving atherosclerotic plaques in the coronary and carotid arteries. This has changed our understanding of the plaque biology, the progression of unstable vs stable plaques, and the evolution of plaque prior to the occurrence of a major adverse atherothrombotic event. This has been facilitated using intravascular ultrasound, optical coherence tomography, and near-infrared spectroscopy in the clinical settings to achieve surrogate end points. These techniques are now providing exquisite information on plaque size, composition, lipid volume, fibrous cap thickness and other features that were previously not possible with conventional angiography.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunil K Noothi
- Department of Translational Research, Western University of Health Sciences, 309 E. Second Street, Pomona, CA, USA
| | - Mohamed Radwan Ahmed
- Department of Translational Research, Western University of Health Sciences, 309 E. Second Street, Pomona, CA, USA
| | - Devendra K Agrawal
- Department of Translational Research, Western University of Health Sciences, 309 E. Second Street, Pomona, CA, USA.
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Purcăreanu B, Ene MD, Moroșan A, Mihaiescu DE, Florea MA, Ghica A, Nita RA, Drumea V, Grigoroscuta MA, Kuncser A, Badica P, Olariu L. Mesoporous Composite Bioactive Compound Delivery System for Wound-Healing Processes. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2258. [PMID: 37765227 PMCID: PMC10534662 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15092258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Currently, the treatment of wounds is still a challenge for healthcare professionals due to high complication incidences and social impacts, and the development of biocompatible and efficient medicines remains a goal. In this regard, mesoporous materials loaded with bioactive compounds from natural extracts have a high potential for wound treatment due to their nontoxicity, high loading capacity and slow drug release. MCM-41-type mesoporous material was synthesized by using sodium trisilicate as a silica source at room temperature and normal pressure. The synthesized mesoporous silica was characterized by using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), N2 absorption-desorption (BET), Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), revealing a high surface area (BET, 1244 m2/g); pore diameter of approx. 2 nm; and a homogenous, ordered and hexagonal geometry (TEM images). Qualitative monitoring of the desorption degree of the Salvia officinalis (SO) extract, rich in ursolic acid and oleanolic acid, and Calendula officinalis (CO) extract, rich in polyphenols and flavones, was performed via the continuous recording of the UV-VIS spectra at predetermined intervals. The active ingredients in the new composite MCM-41/sage and marigold (MCM-41/SO&CO) were quantified by using HPLC-DAD and LC-MS-MS techniques. The evaluation of the biological composites' activity on the wound site was performed on two cell lines, HS27 and HaCaT, naturally involved in tissue-regeneration processes. The experimental results revealed the ability to stimulate collagen biosynthesis, the enzymatic activity of the main metalloproteinases (MMP-2 and MMP-9) involved in tissue remodeling processes and the migration rate in the wound site, thus providing insights into the re-epithelializing properties of mesoporous composites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bogdan Purcăreanu
- Biotehnos SA, Gorunului Street 3-5, 075100 Otopeni, Romania or (B.P.); (M.A.F.); (A.G.); (R.A.N.); (V.D.); (L.O.)
- Department of Science and Engineering of Oxide Materials and Nanomaterials, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnologies, University Politehnica of Bucharest, Gh. Polizu 1-7, 011061 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Manuela Diana Ene
- Biotehnos SA, Gorunului Street 3-5, 075100 Otopeni, Romania or (B.P.); (M.A.F.); (A.G.); (R.A.N.); (V.D.); (L.O.)
| | - Alina Moroșan
- Department of Organic Chemistry “Costin Neniţescu”, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnologies, University POLITEHNICA of Bucharest, Gh. Polizu 1-7, 011061 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Dan Eduard Mihaiescu
- Department of Organic Chemistry “Costin Neniţescu”, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnologies, University POLITEHNICA of Bucharest, Gh. Polizu 1-7, 011061 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Mihai Alexandru Florea
- Biotehnos SA, Gorunului Street 3-5, 075100 Otopeni, Romania or (B.P.); (M.A.F.); (A.G.); (R.A.N.); (V.D.); (L.O.)
| | - Adelina Ghica
- Biotehnos SA, Gorunului Street 3-5, 075100 Otopeni, Romania or (B.P.); (M.A.F.); (A.G.); (R.A.N.); (V.D.); (L.O.)
| | - Roxana Andreea Nita
- Biotehnos SA, Gorunului Street 3-5, 075100 Otopeni, Romania or (B.P.); (M.A.F.); (A.G.); (R.A.N.); (V.D.); (L.O.)
| | - Veronica Drumea
- Biotehnos SA, Gorunului Street 3-5, 075100 Otopeni, Romania or (B.P.); (M.A.F.); (A.G.); (R.A.N.); (V.D.); (L.O.)
| | - Mihai Alexandru Grigoroscuta
- National Institute of Materials Physics, Street Atomistilor 405 A, 077125 Magurele, Romania; (M.A.G.); (A.K.); (P.B.)
| | - Andrei Kuncser
- National Institute of Materials Physics, Street Atomistilor 405 A, 077125 Magurele, Romania; (M.A.G.); (A.K.); (P.B.)
| | - Petre Badica
- National Institute of Materials Physics, Street Atomistilor 405 A, 077125 Magurele, Romania; (M.A.G.); (A.K.); (P.B.)
| | - Laura Olariu
- Biotehnos SA, Gorunului Street 3-5, 075100 Otopeni, Romania or (B.P.); (M.A.F.); (A.G.); (R.A.N.); (V.D.); (L.O.)
- Academy of Romanian Scientists, 3 Ilfov Street, 030167, Bucharest, Romania
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Brook N, Dharmarajan A, Chan A, Dass CR. Potential therapeutic role for pigment epithelium-derived factor in post-menopausal breast cancer bone metastasis. J Pharm Pharmacol 2023:7146711. [PMID: 37116213 DOI: 10.1093/jpp/rgad039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/30/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This review discusses key oestrogens associated with the circulating pre- and post-menopausal milieu and how they may impact intratumoral oestrogen levels and breast cancer (BC) metastasis. It also identifies critical steps in BC metastasis to bone from the viewpoint of pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) function, and discusses the role of several associated pro-metastatic biomarkers in BC bone metastasis. KEY FINDINGS PEDF is regulated by oestrogen in a number of oestrogen-sensitive tissues. Changes in circulating oestrogen levels associated with menopause may enhance the growth of BC bone metastases, leading to the establishment of a pre-metastatic niche. The establishment of such a pre-metastatic niche is driven by several key mediators, with pro-osteoclastic and pro-metastatic function which are upregulated by BC cells. These mediators appear to be regulated by oestrogen, as well as differentially affected by menopausal status. PEDF interacts with several pro-metastatic, pro-osteoclastic biomarkers, including C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) and nuclear factor kappa B (NFκB) in BC bone metastasis. CONCLUSION Mediators such as CXCR4 and MT1-MMP underpin the ability of PEDF to function as an antimetastatic in other cancers such as osteosarcoma, highlighting the possibility that this serpin could be used as a therapeutic against BC metastasis in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naomi Brook
- Curtin Medical School, Curtin University, Bentley 6102, Australia
- Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Bentley 6102, Australia
| | - Arun Dharmarajan
- Curtin Medical School, Curtin University, Bentley 6102, Australia
- Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Bentley 6102, Australia
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences and Technology, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai 600116, India
| | - Arlene Chan
- Curtin Medical School, Curtin University, Bentley 6102, Australia
- Breast Cancer Research Centre-Western Australia, Hollywood Private Hospital, Nedlands 6009, Australia
| | - Crispin R Dass
- Curtin Medical School, Curtin University, Bentley 6102, Australia
- Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Bentley 6102, Australia
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Effects of riboflavin/ultraviolet-A scleral collagen cross-linking on regional scleral thickness and expression of MMP-2 and MT1-MMP in myopic guinea pigs. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0279111. [PMID: 36652495 PMCID: PMC9847964 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0279111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of scleral collagen cross-linking (SXL) using riboflavin and ultraviolet A (UVA) light on the scleral thickness of different regions and expression of matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP-2) and membrane-type MMP-1 (MT1-MMP) in guinea pigs with lens-induced myopia. METHODS Forty-eight 4-week-old guinea pigs were assigned to three groups (n = 16 per group): SXL group, lens-induced myopia (LIM) group, and control group. The sclera of the right eye of the guinea pig in the SXL group was surgically exposed, riboflavin was dropped on the treatment area for 10 minutes before the 30-minute UVA irradiation. The same surgical procedure was performed in the LIM group without UVA irradiation. The -10.00 D lenses were then placed on the right eyes of guinea pigs in the SXL and LIM groups for six weeks. The control group received no treatment. The left eyes were untreated in all groups. The ocular axial length (AXL) and refraction were measured at 4 weeks and 10 weeks of age. 10-week-old guinea pigs were sacrificed, and the right eyes were enucleated and evenly divided for preparation of hematoxylin and eosin (HE) stained sections, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and western blotting. The scleral thickness of different regions was measured on HE stained sections. The temporal half of the sclera was harvested to measure the expression of MMP-2 and MT1-MMP by qPCR and western blotting. RESULTS The AXL was significantly shorter, and the degree of myopic refraction was significantly lower in the SXL group than those in the LIM group at 10 weeks of age. The scleral thickness of the cross-linked area was significantly greater in the SXL group than that of the corresponding area in the LIM group, while the scleral thickness of the untreated nasal side was not significantly different between the SXL group and the LIM group. The expression of MMP-2 and MT1-MMP of the cross-linked sclera was significantly downregulated compared with that of the corresponding area in the LIM group. CONCLUSION Riboflavin/UVA SXL could slow myopia progression and thicken the cross-linked sclera in guinea pigs, which might be related to the downregulation of MMP-2 and MT1-MMP expression during the scleral remodeling process.
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Novel Roles of MT1-MMP and MMP-2: Beyond the Extracellular Milieu. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23179513. [PMID: 36076910 PMCID: PMC9455801 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23179513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are critical enzymes involved in a variety of cellular processes. MMPs are well known for their ability to degrade the extracellular matrix (ECM) and their extracellular role in cell migration. Recently, more research has been conducted on investigating novel subcellular localizations of MMPs and their intracellular roles at their respective locations. In this review article, we focus on the subcellular localization and novel intracellular roles of two closely related MMPs: membrane-type-1 matrix metalloproteinase (MT1-MMP) and matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2). Although MT1-MMP is commonly known to localize on the cell surface, the protease also localizes to the cytoplasm, caveolae, Golgi, cytoskeleton, centrosome, and nucleus. At these subcellular locations, MT1-MMP functions in cell migration, macrophage metabolism, invadopodia development, spindle formation and gene expression, respectively. Similar to MT1-MMP, MMP-2 localizes to the caveolae, mitochondria, cytoskeleton, nucleus and nucleolus and functions in calcium regulation, contractile dysfunction, gene expression and ribosomal RNA transcription. Our particular interest lies in the roles MMP-2 and MT1-MMP serve within the nucleus, as they may provide critical insights into cancer epigenetics and tumor migration and invasion. We suggest that targeting nuclear MT1-MMP or MMP-2 to reduce or halt cell proliferation and migration may lead to the development of new therapies for cancer and other diseases.
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Bormann T, Maus R, Stolper J, Tort Tarrés M, Brandenberger C, Wedekind D, Jonigk D, Welte T, Gauldie J, Kolb M, Maus UA. Role of matrix metalloprotease-2 and MMP-9 in experimental lung fibrosis in mice. Respir Res 2022; 23:180. [PMID: 35804363 PMCID: PMC9270768 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-022-02105-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a diffuse parenchymal lung disease characterized by exuberant deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins in the lung interstitium, which contributes to substantial morbidity and mortality in IPF patients. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are a large family of zinc-dependent endopeptidases, many of which have been implicated in the regulation of ECM degradation in lung fibrosis. However, the roles of MMP-2 and -9 (also termed gelatinases A and B) have not yet been explored in lung fibrosis in detail. METHODS AdTGF-β1 was applied via orotracheal routes to the lungs of WT, MMP-2 KO, MMP-9 KO and MMP-2/-9 dKO mice on day 0 to induce lung fibrosis. Using hydroxyproline assay, FlexiVent based lung function measurement, histopathology, western blot and ELISA techniques, we analyzed MMP-2 and MMP-9 levels in BAL fluid and lung, collagen contents in lung and lung function in mice on day 14 and 21 post-treatment. RESULT IPF lung homogenates exhibited significantly increased levels of MMP-2 and MMP-9, relative to disease controls. Enzymatically active MMP-2 and MMP-9 was increased in lungs of mice exposed to adenoviral TGF-β1, suggesting a role for these metalloproteinases in lung fibrogenesis. However, we found that neither MMP-2 or MMP-9 nor combined MMP-2/-9 deletion had any effect on experimental lung fibrosis in mice. CONCLUSION Together, our data strongly suggest that both gelatinases MMP-2 and MMP-9 play only a subordinate role in experimental lung fibrosis in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tina Bormann
- Division of Experimental Pneumology, Hannover Medical School, Feodor-Lynen-Strasse 21, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Regina Maus
- Division of Experimental Pneumology, Hannover Medical School, Feodor-Lynen-Strasse 21, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Jennifer Stolper
- Division of Experimental Pneumology, Hannover Medical School, Feodor-Lynen-Strasse 21, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Meritxell Tort Tarrés
- Division of Experimental Pneumology, Hannover Medical School, Feodor-Lynen-Strasse 21, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Christina Brandenberger
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Strasse 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Dirk Wedekind
- Institute of Laboratory Animal Science, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Strasse 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Danny Jonigk
- Department of Pathology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Strasse 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Tobias Welte
- Clinic for Pneumology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Strasse 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany.,German Center for Lung Research, Partner Site BREATH, Carl-Neuberg-Strasse 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Jack Gauldie
- Department of Medicine, Pathology, and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, 1280 Main St W, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Martin Kolb
- Department of Medicine, Pathology, and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, 1280 Main St W, Hamilton, ON, L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Ulrich A Maus
- Division of Experimental Pneumology, Hannover Medical School, Feodor-Lynen-Strasse 21, 30625, Hannover, Germany. .,German Center for Lung Research, Partner Site BREATH, Carl-Neuberg-Strasse 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany.
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Placental Tissues as Biomaterials in Regenerative Medicine. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:6751456. [PMID: 35496035 PMCID: PMC9050314 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6751456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Placental tissues encompass all the tissues which support fetal development, including the placenta, placental membrane, umbilical cord, and amniotic fluid. Since the 1990s there has been renewed interest in the use of these tissues as a raw material for regenerative medicine applications. Placental tissues have been extensively studied for their potential contribution to tissue repair applications. Studies have attributed their efficacy in augmenting the healing process to the extracellular matrix scaffolds rich in collagens, glycosaminoglycans, and proteoglycans, as well as the presence of cytokines within the tissues that have been shown to stimulate re-epithelialization, promote angiogenesis, and aid in the reduction of inflammation and scarring. The compositions and properties of all birth tissues give them the potential to be valuable biomaterials for the development of new regenerative therapies. Herein, the development and compositions of each of these tissues are reviewed, with focus on the structural and signaling components that are relevant to medical applications. This review also explores current configurations and recent innovations in the use of placental tissues as biomaterials in regenerative medicine.
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Stewart-McGuinness C, Platt CI, Ozols M, Goh B, Griffiths TW, Sherratt MJ. Defining the Protease and Protease Inhibitor (P/PI) Proteomes of Healthy and Diseased Human Skin by Modified Systematic Review. Biomolecules 2022; 12:475. [PMID: 35327667 PMCID: PMC8946613 DOI: 10.3390/biom12030475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Proteases and protease inhibitors (P/PIs) are involved in many biological processes in human skin, yet often only specific families or related groups of P/PIs are investigated. Proteomics approaches, such as mass spectrometry, can define proteome signatures (including P/PIs) in tissues; however, they struggle to detect low-abundance proteins. To overcome these issues, we aimed to produce a comprehensive proteome of all P/PIs present in normal and diseased human skin, in vivo, by carrying out a modified systematic review using a list of P/PIs from MEROPS and combining this with key search terms in Web of Science. Resulting articles were manually reviewed against inclusion/exclusion criteria and a dataset constructed. This study identified 111 proteases and 77 protease inhibitors in human skin, comprising the serine, metallo-, cysteine and aspartic acid catalytic families of proteases. P/PIs showing no evidence of catalytic activity or protease inhibition, were designated non-peptidase homologs (NPH), and no reported protease inhibitory activity (NRPIA), respectively. MMP9 and TIMP1 were the most frequently published P/PIs and were reported in normal skin and most skin disease groups. Normal skin and diseased skin showed significant overlap with respect to P/PI profile; however, MMP23 was identified in several skin disease groups, but was absent in normal skin. The catalytic profile of P/PIs in wounds, scars and solar elastosis was distinct from normal skin, suggesting that a different group of P/PIs is responsible for disease progression. In conclusion, this study uses a novel approach to provide a comprehensive inventory of P/PIs in normal and diseased human skin reported in our database. The database may be used to determine either which P/PIs are present in specific diseases or which diseases individual P/PIs may influence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Callum Stewart-McGuinness
- Division of Cell Matrix Biology & Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK; (C.S.-M.); (M.O.); (B.G.); (M.J.S.)
| | - Christopher I. Platt
- Division of Cell Matrix Biology & Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK; (C.S.-M.); (M.O.); (B.G.); (M.J.S.)
| | - Matiss Ozols
- Division of Cell Matrix Biology & Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK; (C.S.-M.); (M.O.); (B.G.); (M.J.S.)
- Department of Human Genetics, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Genome Campus, Hinxton CB10 1SA, UK
- British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Brian Goh
- Division of Cell Matrix Biology & Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK; (C.S.-M.); (M.O.); (B.G.); (M.J.S.)
| | - Tamara W. Griffiths
- Centre for Dermatology Research, The University of Manchester & Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester M13 9PL, UK;
| | - Michael J. Sherratt
- Division of Cell Matrix Biology & Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK; (C.S.-M.); (M.O.); (B.G.); (M.J.S.)
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The Functional Role of Extracellular Matrix Proteins in Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14010238. [PMID: 35008401 PMCID: PMC8750014 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14010238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) is highly dynamic as it is constantly deposited, remodeled and degraded to maintain tissue homeostasis. ECM is a major structural component of the tumor microenvironment, and cancer development and progression require its extensive reorganization. Cancerized ECM is biochemically different in its composition and is stiffer compared to normal ECM. The abnormal ECM affects cancer progression by directly promoting cell proliferation, survival, migration and differentiation. The restructured extracellular matrix and its degradation fragments (matrikines) also modulate the signaling cascades mediated by the interaction with cell-surface receptors, deregulate the stromal cell behavior and lead to emergence of an oncogenic microenvironment. Here, we summarize the current state of understanding how the composition and structure of ECM changes during cancer progression. We also describe the functional role of key proteins, especially tenascin C and fibronectin, and signaling molecules involved in the formation of the tumor microenvironment, as well as the signaling pathways that they activate in cancer cells.
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Kümper M, Hessenthaler S, Zamek J, Niland S, Pach E, Mauch C, Zigrino P. LOSS OF ENDOTHELIAL CELL MMP14 REDUCES MELANOMA GROWTH AND METASTASIS BY INCREASING TUMOR VESSEL STABILITY. J Invest Dermatol 2021; 142:1923-1933.e5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2021.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Revised: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Moracho N, Learte AIR, Muñoz-Sáez E, Marchena MA, Cid MA, Arroyo AG, Sánchez-Camacho C. Emerging roles of MT-MMPs in embryonic development. Dev Dyn 2021; 251:240-275. [PMID: 34241926 DOI: 10.1002/dvdy.398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Membrane-type matrix metalloproteinases (MT-MMPs) are cell membrane-tethered proteinases that belong to the family of the MMPs. Apart from their roles in degradation of the extracellular milieu, MT-MMPs are able to activate through proteolytic processing at the cell surface distinct molecules such as receptors, growth factors, cytokines, adhesion molecules, and other pericellular proteins. Although most of the information regarding these enzymes comes from cancer studies, our current knowledge about their contribution in distinct developmental processes occurring in the embryo is limited. In this review, we want to summarize the involvement of MT-MMPs in distinct processes during embryonic morphogenesis, including cell migration and proliferation, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, cell polarity and branching, axon growth and navigation, synapse formation, and angiogenesis. We also considered information about MT-MMP functions from studies assessed in pathological conditions and compared these data with those relevant for embryonic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Moracho
- Department of Medicine, School of Biomedical Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Villaviciosa de Odón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana I R Learte
- Department of Dentistry, School of Biomedical Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Villaviciosa de Odón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Emma Muñoz-Sáez
- Department of Health Science, School of Biomedical Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Villaviciosa de Odón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel A Marchena
- Department of Medicine, School of Biomedical Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Villaviciosa de Odón, Madrid, Spain
| | - María A Cid
- Department of Dentistry, School of Biomedical Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Villaviciosa de Odón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alicia G Arroyo
- Vascular Pathophysiology Department, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC-CSIC), Madrid, Spain.,Molecular Biomedicine Department, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas (CIB-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina Sánchez-Camacho
- Department of Medicine, School of Biomedical Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Villaviciosa de Odón, Madrid, Spain.,Vascular Pathophysiology Department, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
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Tampa M, Georgescu SR, Mitran MI, Mitran CI, Matei C, Caruntu A, Scheau C, Nicolae I, Matei A, Caruntu C, Constantin C, Neagu M. Current Perspectives on the Role of Matrix Metalloproteinases in the Pathogenesis of Basal Cell Carcinoma. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11060903. [PMID: 34204372 PMCID: PMC8235174 DOI: 10.3390/biom11060903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2021] [Revised: 06/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common skin malignancy, which rarely metastasizes but has a great ability to infiltrate and invade the surrounding tissues. One of the molecular players involved in the metastatic process are matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). MMPs are enzymes that can degrade various components of the extracellular matrix. In the skin, the expression of MMPs is increased in response to various stimuli, including ultraviolet (UV) radiation, one of the main factors involved in the development of BCC. By modulating various processes that are linked to tumor growth, such as invasion and angiogenesis, MMPs have been associated with UV-related carcinogenesis. The sources of MMPs are multiple, as they can be released by both neoplastic and tumor microenvironment cells. Inhibiting the action of MMPs could be a useful therapeutic option in BCC management. In this review that reunites the latest advances in this domain, we discuss the role of MMPs in the pathogenesis and evolution of BCC, as molecules involved in tumor aggressiveness and risk of recurrence, in order to offer a fresh and updated perspective on this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mircea Tampa
- Department of Dermatology, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania; (M.T.); (C.M.)
- Department of Dermatology, Victor Babes Clinical Hospital for Infectious Diseases, 030303 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Simona Roxana Georgescu
- Department of Dermatology, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania; (M.T.); (C.M.)
- Department of Dermatology, Victor Babes Clinical Hospital for Infectious Diseases, 030303 Bucharest, Romania;
- Correspondence: (S.R.G.); (A.C.)
| | - Madalina Irina Mitran
- Department of Microbiology, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania; (M.I.M.); (C.I.M.)
| | - Cristina Iulia Mitran
- Department of Microbiology, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania; (M.I.M.); (C.I.M.)
| | - Clara Matei
- Department of Dermatology, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania; (M.T.); (C.M.)
| | - Ana Caruntu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, “Carol Davila” Central Military Emergency Hospital, 010825 Bucharest, Romania
- Faculty of Dental Medicine, Titu Maiorescu University, 031593 Bucharest, Romania
- Correspondence: (S.R.G.); (A.C.)
| | - Cristian Scheau
- Department of Physiology, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania; (C.S.); (A.M.); (C.C.)
| | - Ilinca Nicolae
- Department of Dermatology, Victor Babes Clinical Hospital for Infectious Diseases, 030303 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Andreea Matei
- Department of Physiology, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania; (C.S.); (A.M.); (C.C.)
| | - Constantin Caruntu
- Department of Physiology, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania; (C.S.); (A.M.); (C.C.)
- Department of Dermatology, Prof. N.C. Paulescu National Institute of Diabetes, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, 011233 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Carolina Constantin
- Immunology Department, Victor Babes National Institute of Pathology, 050096 Bucharest, Romania; (C.C.); (M.N.)
- Department of Pathology, Colentina University Hospital, Bucharest 020125, Romania
| | - Monica Neagu
- Immunology Department, Victor Babes National Institute of Pathology, 050096 Bucharest, Romania; (C.C.); (M.N.)
- Department of Pathology, Colentina University Hospital, Bucharest 020125, Romania
- Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Bucharest 76201, Romania
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13
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Lovelace JW, Rais M, Palacios AR, Shuai XS, Bishay S, Popa O, Pirbhoy PS, Binder DK, Nelson DL, Ethell IM, Razak KA. Deletion of Fmr1 from Forebrain Excitatory Neurons Triggers Abnormal Cellular, EEG, and Behavioral Phenotypes in the Auditory Cortex of a Mouse Model of Fragile X Syndrome. Cereb Cortex 2021; 30:969-988. [PMID: 31364704 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhz141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2019] [Revised: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Fragile X syndrome (FXS) is a leading genetic cause of autism with symptoms that include sensory processing deficits. In both humans with FXS and a mouse model [Fmr1 knockout (KO) mouse], electroencephalographic (EEG) recordings show enhanced resting state gamma power and reduced sound-evoked gamma synchrony. We previously showed that elevated levels of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) may contribute to these phenotypes by affecting perineuronal nets (PNNs) around parvalbumin (PV) interneurons in the auditory cortex of Fmr1 KO mice. However, how different cell types within local cortical circuits contribute to these deficits is not known. Here, we examined whether Fmr1 deletion in forebrain excitatory neurons affects neural oscillations, MMP-9 activity, and PV/PNN expression in the auditory cortex. We found that cortical MMP-9 gelatinase activity, mTOR/Akt phosphorylation, and resting EEG gamma power were enhanced in CreNex1/Fmr1Flox/y conditional KO (cKO) mice, whereas the density of PV/PNN cells was reduced. The CreNex1/Fmr1Flox/y cKO mice also show increased locomotor activity, but not the anxiety-like behaviors. These results indicate that fragile X mental retardation protein changes in excitatory neurons in the cortex are sufficient to elicit cellular, electrophysiological, and behavioral phenotypes in Fmr1 KO mice. More broadly, these results indicate that local cortical circuit abnormalities contribute to sensory processing deficits in autism spectrum disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maham Rais
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine
| | | | | | | | - Otilia Popa
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine
| | | | - Devin K Binder
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine.,Graduate Neuroscience Program, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521,USA
| | - David L Nelson
- Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine , Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Iryna M Ethell
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine.,Graduate Neuroscience Program, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521,USA
| | - Khaleel A Razak
- Department of Psychology.,Graduate Neuroscience Program, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521,USA
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14
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The multiple roles of actin-binding proteins at invadopodia. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2021. [PMID: 33962752 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ircmb.2021.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Invadopodia are actin-rich membrane protrusions that facilitate cancer cell dissemination by focusing on proteolytic activity and clearing paths for migration through physical barriers, such as basement membranes, dense extracellular matrices, and endothelial cell junctions. Invadopodium formation and activity require spatially and temporally regulated changes in actin filament organization and dynamics. About three decades of research have led to a remarkable understanding of how these changes are orchestrated by sequential recruitment and coordinated activity of different sets of actin-binding proteins. In this chapter, we provide an update on the roles of the actin cytoskeleton during the main stages of invadopodium development with a particular focus on actin polymerization machineries and production of pushing forces driving extracellular matrix remodeling.
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15
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Wood CR, Juárez EH, Ferrini F, Myint P, Innes J, Lossi L, Merighi A, Johnson WEB. Mesenchymal stem cell conditioned medium increases glial reactivity and decreases neuronal survival in spinal cord slice cultures. Biochem Biophys Rep 2021; 26:100976. [PMID: 33718633 PMCID: PMC7933697 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2021.100976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Revised: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Ex vivo spinal cord slice cultures (SCSC) allow study of spinal cord circuitry, maintaining stimuli responses comparable to live animals. Previously, we have shown that mesenchymal stem/stromal cell (MSC) transplantation in vivo reduced inflammation and increased nerve regeneration but MSC survival was short-lived, highlighting that beneficial action may derive from the secretome. Previous in vitro studies of MSC conditioned medium (CM) have also shown increased neuronal growth. In this study, murine SCSC were cultured in canine MSC CM (harvested from the adipose tissue of excised inguinal fat) and cell phenotypes analysed via immunohistochemistry and confocal microscopy. SCSC in MSC CM displayed enhanced viability after propidium iodide staining. GFAP immunoreactivity was significantly increased in SCSC in MSC CM compared to controls, but with no change in proteoglycan (NG2) immunoreactivity. In contrast, culture in MSC CM significantly decreased the prevalence of βIII-tubulin immunoreactive neurites, whilst Ca2+ transients per cell were significantly increased. These ex vivo results contradict previous in vitro and in vivo reports of how MSC and their secretome may affect the microenvironment of the spinal cord after injury and highlight the importance of a careful comparison of the different experimental conditions used to assess the potential of cell therapies for the treatment of spinal cord injury. Treatment of spinal slices with conditioned medium caused cell phenotypic changes. Resident astrocytes become hypertrophic, yet neuronal axonal outgrowth reduced. Signalling cells reduced in number but increased their signalling activity. Highlights importance of simulation systems and systemic factors in CNS models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chelsea R Wood
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Chester, Parkgate Road, Chester, CH1 4BJ, UK
| | - Esri H Juárez
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, Largo Paolo Braccini 2, I-10095, Grugliasco, TO, Italy
| | - Francesco Ferrini
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, Largo Paolo Braccini 2, I-10095, Grugliasco, TO, Italy.,Université Laval, Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, G1K 7P4, Québec, Canada
| | - Peter Myint
- Veterinary Tissue Bank Ltd., No.1 The Long Barn, Brynkinalt Business Centre, Chirk, Wrexham, LL14 5NS, UK
| | - John Innes
- Veterinary Tissue Bank Ltd., No.1 The Long Barn, Brynkinalt Business Centre, Chirk, Wrexham, LL14 5NS, UK
| | - Laura Lossi
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, Largo Paolo Braccini 2, I-10095, Grugliasco, TO, Italy
| | - Adalberto Merighi
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, Largo Paolo Braccini 2, I-10095, Grugliasco, TO, Italy
| | - William E B Johnson
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Chester, Parkgate Road, Chester, CH1 4BJ, UK
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16
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Riihilä P, Nissinen L, Kähäri V. Matrix metalloproteinases in keratinocyte carcinomas. Exp Dermatol 2021; 30:50-61. [PMID: 32869366 PMCID: PMC7821196 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2020] [Revised: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The incidence of cutaneous keratinocyte-derived cancers is increasing globally. Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common malignancy worldwide, and cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) is the most common metastatic skin cancer. BCC can be classified into subtypes based on the histology, and these subtypes are classified further into low- and high-risk tumors. There is an increasing need to identify new therapeutic strategies for the treatment of unresectable and metastatic cSCC, and for aggressive BCC variants such as infiltrating, basosquamous or morpheaform BCCs. The most important risk factor for BCC and cSCC is solar UV radiation, which causes genetic and epigenetic alterations in keratinocytes. Similar gene mutations are noted already in sun-exposed normal skin emphasizing the role of the alterations in the tumor microenvironment in the progression of cSCC. Early events in cSCC progression are alterations in the composition of basement membrane and dermal extracellular matrix induced by influx of microbes, inflammatory cells and activated stromal fibroblasts. Activated fibroblasts promote inflammation and produce growth factors and proteolytic enzymes, including matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). Transforming growth factor-β produced by tumor cells and fibroblasts induces the expression of MMPs by cSCC cells and promotes their invasion. Fibroblast-derived keratinocyte growth factor suppresses the malignant phenotype of cSCC cells by inhibiting the expression of several MMPs. These findings emphasize the importance of interplay of tumor and stromal cells in the progression of cSCC and BCC and suggest tumor microenvironment as a therapeutic target in cSCC and aggressive subtypes of BCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pilvi Riihilä
- Department of DermatologyUniversity of Turku and Turku University HospitalTurkuFinland
- FICAN West Cancer Centre Research LaboratoryUniversity of Turku and Turku University HospitalTurkuFinland
| | - Liisa Nissinen
- Department of DermatologyUniversity of Turku and Turku University HospitalTurkuFinland
- FICAN West Cancer Centre Research LaboratoryUniversity of Turku and Turku University HospitalTurkuFinland
| | - Veli‐Matti Kähäri
- Department of DermatologyUniversity of Turku and Turku University HospitalTurkuFinland
- FICAN West Cancer Centre Research LaboratoryUniversity of Turku and Turku University HospitalTurkuFinland
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17
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Sharma P, Parveen S, Shah LV, Mukherjee M, Kalaidzidis Y, Kozielski AJ, Rosato R, Chang JC, Datta S. SNX27-retromer assembly recycles MT1-MMP to invadopodia and promotes breast cancer metastasis. J Cell Biol 2020; 219:132732. [PMID: 31820782 PMCID: PMC7039210 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201812098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Revised: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Recycling of MT-MMPs to actin-rich membrane-protrusive structures promotes breast cancer invasion. This study shows that SNX27–retromer, an endosomal sorting and recycling machinery, interacts with MT1-MMP and regulates its transport to the cell surface, thus promoting matrix invasive activity of the breast cancer cells. A variety of metastatic cancer cells use actin-rich membrane protrusions, known as invadopodia, for efficient ECM degradation, which involves trafficking of proteases from intracellular compartments to these structures. Here, we demonstrate that in the metastatic breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231, retromer regulates the matrix invasion activity by recycling matrix metalloprotease, MT1-MMP. We further found that MT2-MMP, another abundantly expressed metalloprotease, is also invadopodia associated. MT1- and MT2-MMP showed a high degree of colocalization but were located on the distinct endosomal domains. Retromer and its associated sorting nexin, SNX27, phenocopied each other in matrix degradation via selectively recycling MT1-MMP but not MT2-MMP. ITC-based studies revealed that both SNX27 and retromer could directly interact with MT1-MMP. Analysis from a publicly available database showed SNX27 to be overexpressed or frequently altered in the patients having invasive breast cancer. In xenograft-based studies, SNX27-depleted cell lines showed prolonged survival of SCID mice, suggesting a possible implication for overexpression of the sorting nexin in tumor samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Sharma
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhopal, Bhopal, India
| | - Sameena Parveen
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhopal, Bhopal, India
| | - Lekha V Shah
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhopal, Bhopal, India
| | - Madhumita Mukherjee
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhopal, Bhopal, India
| | - Yannis Kalaidzidis
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Dresden, Germany.,Faculty of Bioengineering and Bioinformatics, Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | | | | | | | - Sunando Datta
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhopal, Bhopal, India
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18
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Bourebaba L, Röcken M, Marycz K. Osteochondritis dissecans (OCD) in Horses - Molecular Background of its Pathogenesis and Perspectives for Progenitor Stem Cell Therapy. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2020; 15:374-390. [PMID: 30796679 PMCID: PMC6534522 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-019-09875-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Osteochondrosis (osteochondrosis dissecans; OCD) is a disease syndrome of growing cartilage related to different clinical entities such as epiphysitis, subchondral cysts and angular carpal deformities, which occurs in growing animals of all species, including horses. Nowadays, these disorders are affecting increasing numbers of young horses worldwide. As a complex multifactorial disease, OCD is initiated when failure in cartilage canals because of existing ischemia, chondrocyte biogenesis impairment as well as biochemical and genetic disruptions occur. Recently, particular attention have been accorded to the definition of possible relations between OCD and some metabolic disorders; in this way, implication of mitochondrial dysfunctions, endoplasmic reticulum disruptions, oxidative stress or endocrinological affections are among the most considered axes for future researches. As one of the most frequent cause of impaired orthopaedic potential, which may result in a sharp decrease in athletic performances of the affected animals, and lead to the occurrence of complications such as joint fragility and laminitis, OCD remains as one of the primary causes of considerable economic losses in all sections of the equine industry. It would therefore be important to provide more information on the exact pathophysiological mechanism(s) underlying early OC(D) lesions, in order to implement innovative strategies involving the use of progenitor stem cells, which are considered nowadays as a promising approach to regenerative medicine, with the potential to treat numerous orthopaedic disorders, including osteo-degenerative diseases, for prevention and reduction of incidence of the disease, not only in horses, but also in human medicine, as the equine model is already widely accepted by the scientific community and approved by the FDA, for the research and application of cellular therapies in the treatment of human conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lynda Bourebaba
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Biology and Animal Science, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 27B, 50-375, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Michael Röcken
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Equine Clinic - Equine Surgery, Justus-Liebig-University, 35392, Gießen, Germany
| | - Krzysztof Marycz
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Biology and Animal Science, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 27B, 50-375, Wrocław, Poland. .,Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Equine Clinic - Equine Surgery, Justus-Liebig-University, 35392, Gießen, Germany.
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19
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Béguin EP, Janssen EFJ, Hoogenboezem M, Meijer AB, Hoogendijk AJ, van den Biggelaar M. Flow-induced Reorganization of Laminin-integrin Networks Within the Endothelial Basement Membrane Uncovered by Proteomics. Mol Cell Proteomics 2020; 19:1179-1192. [PMID: 32332107 PMCID: PMC7338090 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.ra120.001964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Revised: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The vessel wall is continuously exposed to hemodynamic forces generated by blood flow. Endothelial mechanosensors perceive and translate mechanical signals via cellular signaling pathways into biological processes that control endothelial development, phenotype and function. To assess the hemodynamic effects on the endothelium on a system-wide level, we applied a quantitative mass spectrometry approach combined with cell surface chemical footprinting. SILAC-labeled endothelial cells were subjected to flow-induced shear stress for 0, 24 or 48 h, followed by chemical labeling of surface proteins using a non-membrane permeable biotin label, and analysis of the whole proteome and the cell surface proteome by LC-MS/MS analysis. These studies revealed that of the >5000 quantified proteins 104 were altered, which were highly enriched for extracellular matrix proteins and proteins involved in cell-matrix adhesion. Cell surface proteomics indicated that LAMA4 was proteolytically processed upon flow-exposure, which corresponded to the decreased LAMA4 mass observed on immunoblot. Immunofluorescence microscopy studies highlighted that the endothelial basement membrane was drastically remodeled upon flow exposure. We observed a network-like pattern of LAMA4 and LAMA5, which corresponded to the localization of laminin-adhesion molecules ITGA6 and ITGB4. Furthermore, the adaptation to flow-exposure did not affect the inflammatory response to tumor necrosis factor α, indicating that inflammation and flow trigger fundamentally distinct endothelial signaling pathways with limited reciprocity and synergy. Taken together, this study uncovers the blood flow-induced remodeling of the basement membrane and stresses the importance of the subendothelial basement membrane in vascular homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eelke P Béguin
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Hemostasis, Sanquin Research, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Esmée F J Janssen
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Hemostasis, Sanquin Research, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Mark Hoogenboezem
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Hemostasis, Sanquin Research, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Alexander B Meijer
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Hemostasis, Sanquin Research, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS), Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Arie J Hoogendijk
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Hemostasis, Sanquin Research, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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20
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Wen TH, Afroz S, Reinhard SM, Palacios AR, Tapia K, Binder DK, Razak KA, Ethell IM. Genetic Reduction of Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 Promotes Formation of Perineuronal Nets Around Parvalbumin-Expressing Interneurons and Normalizes Auditory Cortex Responses in Developing Fmr1 Knock-Out Mice. Cereb Cortex 2019; 28:3951-3964. [PMID: 29040407 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhx258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Abnormal sensory responses associated with Fragile X Syndrome (FXS) and autism spectrum disorders include hypersensitivity and impaired habituation to repeated stimuli. Similar sensory deficits are also observed in adult Fmr1 knock-out (KO) mice and are reversed by genetic deletion of Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) through yet unknown mechanisms. Here we present new evidence that impaired development of parvalbumin (PV)-expressing inhibitory interneurons may underlie hyper-responsiveness in auditory cortex of Fmr1 KO mice via MMP-9-dependent regulation of perineuronal nets (PNNs). First, we found that PV cell development and PNN formation around GABAergic interneurons were impaired in developing auditory cortex of Fmr1 KO mice. Second, MMP-9 levels were elevated in P12-P18 auditory cortex of Fmr1 KO mice and genetic reduction of MMP-9 to WT levels restored the formation of PNNs around PV cells. Third, in vivo single-unit recordings from auditory cortex neurons showed enhanced spontaneous and sound-driven responses in developing Fmr1 KO mice, which were normalized following genetic reduction of MMP-9. These findings indicate that elevated MMP-9 levels contribute to the development of sensory hypersensitivity by influencing formation of PNNs around PV interneurons suggesting MMP-9 as a new therapeutic target to reduce sensory deficits in FXS and potentially other autism spectrum disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa H Wen
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, University of California Riverside School of Medicine, Riverside, CA, USA.,Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA, USA
| | - Sonia Afroz
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, University of California Riverside School of Medicine, Riverside, CA, USA
| | - Sarah M Reinhard
- Psychology Department and Psychology Graduate Program, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA, USA
| | - Arnold R Palacios
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, University of California Riverside School of Medicine, Riverside, CA, USA
| | - Kendal Tapia
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, University of California Riverside School of Medicine, Riverside, CA, USA
| | - Devin K Binder
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, University of California Riverside School of Medicine, Riverside, CA, USA
| | - Khaleel A Razak
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA, USA.,Psychology Department and Psychology Graduate Program, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA, USA
| | - Iryna M Ethell
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, University of California Riverside School of Medicine, Riverside, CA, USA.,Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA, USA
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21
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Young D, Das N, Anowai A, Dufour A. Matrix Metalloproteases as Influencers of the Cells' Social Media. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20163847. [PMID: 31394726 PMCID: PMC6720954 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20163847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Revised: 08/01/2019] [Accepted: 08/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) have been studied in the context of cancer due to their ability to increase cell invasion, and were initially thought to facilitate metastasis solely through the degradation of the extracellular matrix (ECM). MMPs have also been investigated in the context of their ECM remodeling activity in several acute and chronic inflammatory diseases. However, after several MMP inhibitors failed in phase III clinical trials, a global reassessment of their biological functions was undertaken, which has revealed multiple unanticipated functions including the processing of chemokines, cytokines, and cell surface receptors. Despite what their name suggests, the matrix aspect of MMPs could contribute to a lesser part of their physiological functions in inflammatory diseases, as originally anticipated. Here, we present examples of MMP substrates implicated in cell signaling, independent of their ECM functions, and discuss the impact for the use of MMP inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Young
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
- McCaig Institute for Bone and Joint Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Nabangshu Das
- McCaig Institute for Bone and Joint Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
- Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Anthonia Anowai
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
- McCaig Institute for Bone and Joint Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Antoine Dufour
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada.
- McCaig Institute for Bone and Joint Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada.
- Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada.
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada.
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22
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Chopra S, Overall CM, Dufour A. Matrix metalloproteinases in the CNS: interferons get nervous. Cell Mol Life Sci 2019; 76:3083-3095. [PMID: 31165203 PMCID: PMC11105576 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-019-03171-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Revised: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) have been investigated in context of chronic inflammatory diseases and demonstrated to degrade multiple components of the extracellular matrix (ECM). However, following several disappointing MMP clinical trials, recent studies have demonstrated unexpected novel functions of MMPs in viral infections and autoimmune inflammatory diseases in unanticipated locations. Thus, MMPs play additional functions in inflammation than just ECM degradation. They can regulate the activity of chemokines and cytokines of the immune response by precise proteolytic processing resulting in activation or inactivation of signaling pathways. MMPs have been demonstrated to cleave multiple substrates of the central nervous systems (CNS) and contribute to promoting and dampening diseases of the CNS. Initially, believed to be solely promoting pathologies, more than 10 MMPs to date have been shown to have protective functions. Here, we present some of the beneficial and destructive roles of MMPs in CNS pathologies and discuss strategies for the use of MMP inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sameeksha Chopra
- Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada
- McCaig Institute for Bone and Joint Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Christopher M Overall
- Department of Oral Biological and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
- Centre for Blood Research, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Antoine Dufour
- Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada.
- McCaig Institute for Bone and Joint Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada.
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23
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de Vos IJHM, Wong ASW, Welting TJM, Coull BJ, van Steensel MAM. Multicentric osteolytic syndromes represent a phenotypic spectrum defined by defective collagen remodeling. Am J Med Genet A 2019; 179:1652-1664. [PMID: 31218820 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.61264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2018] [Revised: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Frank-Ter Haar syndrome (FTHS), Winchester syndrome (WS), and multicentric osteolysis, nodulosis, and arthropathy (MONA) are ultra-rare multisystem disorders characterized by craniofacial malformations, reduced bone density, skeletal and cardiac anomalies, and dermal fibrosis. These autosomal recessive syndromes are caused by homozygous mutation or deletion of respectively SH3PXD2B (SH3 and PX Domains 2B), MMP14 (matrix metalloproteinase 14), or MMP2. Here, we give an overview of the clinical features of 63 previously reported patients with an SH3PXD2B, MMP14, or MMP2 mutation, demonstrating considerable clinical overlap between FTHS, WS, and MONA. Interestingly, the protein products of SH3PXD2B, MMP14, and MMP2 directly cooperate in collagen remodeling. We review animal models for these three disorders that accurately reflect the major clinical features and likewise show significant phenotypical similarity with each other. Furthermore, they demonstrate that defective collagen remodeling is central in the underlying pathology. As such, we propose a nosological revision, placing these SH3PXD2B, MMP14, and MMP2 related syndromes in a novel "defective collagen-remodelling spectrum (DECORS)". In our opinion, this revised nosology better reflects the central role for impaired collagen remodeling, a potential target for pharmaceutical intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivo J H M de Vos
- Skin Research Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Arnette Shi Wei Wong
- Skin Research Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Tim J M Welting
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands.,School for Public Health and Primary Care (CAPHRI), Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Barry J Coull
- Lancaster Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medicine, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK
| | - Maurice A M van Steensel
- Skin Research Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore.,Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University (NTU), Singapore, Singapore
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24
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The Expanding Role of MT1-MMP in Cancer Progression. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2019; 12:ph12020077. [PMID: 31137480 PMCID: PMC6630478 DOI: 10.3390/ph12020077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2019] [Revised: 05/16/2019] [Accepted: 05/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
For over 20 years, membrane type 1 matrix metalloproteinase (MT1-MMP) has been recognized as a key component in cancer progression. Initially, the primary roles assigned to MT1-MMP were the activation of proMMP-2 and degradation of fibrillar collagen. Proteomics has revealed a great array of MT1-MMP substrates, and MT1-MMP selective inhibitors have allowed for a more complete mapping of MT1-MMP biological functions. MT1-MMP has extensive sheddase activities, is both a positive and negative regulator of angiogenesis, can act intracellularly and as a transcription factor, and modulates immune responses. We presently examine the multi-faceted role of MT1-MMP in cancer, with a consideration of how the diversity of MT1-MMP behaviors impacts the application of MT1-MMP inhibitors.
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25
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Tort Tarrés M, Aschenbrenner F, Maus R, Stolper J, Schuette L, Knudsen L, Lopez Rodriguez E, Jonigk D, Kühnel MP, DeLuca D, Prasse A, Welte T, Gauldie J, Kolb MR, Maus UA. The FMS-like tyrosine kinase-3 ligand/lung dendritic cell axis contributes to regulation of pulmonary fibrosis. Thorax 2019; 74:947-957. [PMID: 31076499 DOI: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2018-212603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2018] [Revised: 04/16/2019] [Accepted: 04/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Dendritic cells (DC) accumulate in the lungs of patients with idiopathic lung fibrosis, but their pathogenetic relevance is poorly defined. OBJECTIVES To assess the role of the FMS-like tyrosine kinase-3 ligand (Flt3L)-lung dendritic cell axis in lung fibrosis. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS We demonstrate in a model of adenoviral gene transfer of active TGF-β1 that established lung fibrosis was accompanied by elevated serum Flt3L levels and subsequent accumulation of CD11bpos DC in the lungs of mice. Patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis also demonstrated increased levels of Flt3L protein in serum and lung tissue and accumulation of lung DC in explant subpleural lung tissue specimen. Mice lacking Flt3L showed significantly reduced lung DC along with worsened lung fibrosis and reduced lung function relative to wild-type (WT) mice, which could be inhibited by administration of recombinant Flt3L. Moreover, therapeutic Flt3L increased numbers of CD11bpos DC and improved lung fibrosis in WT mice exposed to AdTGF-β1. In this line, RNA-sequencing analysis of CD11bpos DC revealed significantly enriched differentially expressed genes within extracellular matrix degrading enzyme and matrix metalloprotease gene clusters. In contrast, the CD103pos DC subset did not appear to be involved in pulmonary fibrogenesis. CONCLUSIONS We show that Flt3L protein and numbers of lung DC are upregulated in mice and humans during pulmonary fibrogenesis, and increased mobilisation of lung CD11bpos DC limits the severity of lung fibrosis in mice. The current study helps to inform the development of DC-based immunotherapy as a novel intervention against lung fibrosis in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Regina Maus
- Department of Experimental Pneumology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Jennifer Stolper
- Department of Experimental Pneumology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Lisanne Schuette
- Department of Experimental Pneumology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Lars Knudsen
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,German Center for Lung Research, Partner site BREATH (Biomedical research in endstage and obstructive lung disease Hannover), Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Elena Lopez Rodriguez
- Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Danny Jonigk
- German Center for Lung Research, Partner site BREATH (Biomedical research in endstage and obstructive lung disease Hannover), Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,Institute of Pathology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | | | - David DeLuca
- German Center for Lung Research, Partner site BREATH (Biomedical research in endstage and obstructive lung disease Hannover), Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Antje Prasse
- Clinic of Pneumology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Tobias Welte
- German Center for Lung Research, Partner site BREATH (Biomedical research in endstage and obstructive lung disease Hannover), Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,Clinic of Pneumology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Jack Gauldie
- Department of Pathology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Martin Rj Kolb
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ulrich A Maus
- Department of Experimental Pneumology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany .,German Center for Lung Research, Partner site BREATH (Biomedical research in endstage and obstructive lung disease Hannover), Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
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26
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Quantitative proteomic profiling of extracellular matrix and site-specific collagen post-translational modifications in an in vitro model of lung fibrosis. Matrix Biol Plus 2019; 1:100005. [PMID: 33543004 PMCID: PMC7852317 DOI: 10.1016/j.mbplus.2019.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2018] [Revised: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung fibrosis is characterized by excessive deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM), in particular collagens, by fibroblasts in the interstitium. Transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) alters the expression of many extracellular matrix (ECM) components produced by fibroblasts, but such changes in ECM composition as well as modulation of collagen post-translational modification (PTM) levels have not been comprehensively investigated. Here, we performed mass spectrometry (MS)-based proteomics analyses to assess changes in the ECM deposited by cultured lung fibroblasts from idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) patients upon stimulation with transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1). In addition to the ECM changes commonly associated with lung fibrosis, MS-based label-free quantification revealed profound effects on enzymes involved in ECM crosslinking and turnover as well as multiple positive and negative feedback mechanisms of TGF-β1 signaling. Notably, the ECM changes observed in this in vitro model correlated significantly with ECM changes observed in patient samples. Because collagens are subject to multiple PTMs with major implications in disease, we implemented a new bioinformatic platform to analyze MS data that allows for the comprehensive mapping and site-specific quantitation of collagen PTMs in crude ECM preparations. These analyses yielded a comprehensive map of prolyl and lysyl hydroxylations as well as lysyl glycosylations for 15 collagen chains. In addition, site-specific PTM analysis revealed novel sites of prolyl-3-hydroxylation and lysyl glycosylation in type I collagen. Interestingly, the results show, for the first time, that TGF-β1 can modulate prolyl-3-hydroxylation and glycosylation in a site-specific manner. Taken together, this proof of concept study not only reveals unanticipated TGF-β1 mediated regulation of collagen PTMs and other ECM components but also lays the foundation for dissecting their key roles in health and disease. The proteomic data has been deposited to the ProteomeXchange Consortium via the MassIVE partner repository with the data set identifier MSV000082958. Quantitative proteomics of TGF-β-induced changes in ECM composition and collagen PTM in pulmonary fibroblasts TGF-β promotes crosslinking and turnover as well as complex feedback mechanisms that alter fibroblast ECM homeostasis. A novel bioinformatic workflow for MS data analysis enabled global mapping and quantitation of known and novel collagen PTMs Quantitative assessment of prolyl-3-hydroxylation site occupancy and lysine-O-glycosylation microheterogeneity TGF-β1 modulates collagen PTMs in a site-specific manner that may favor collagen accumulation in lung fibrosis
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Key Words
- 3-HyP, 3-hydroxyproline
- 4-HyP, 4-hydroxyproline
- AGC, automatic gain control
- ANXA11, annexin A11
- BGN, biglycan
- COL1A1, collagen-I alpha 1 chain
- Collagen
- Collagen post-translational modifications
- DCN, decorin
- ECM, extracellular matrix
- Extracellular matrix
- FN1, fibronectin 1
- G-HyK, galactosylhydroxylysine
- GG-HyK, glucosylgalactosylhydroxylysine
- HyK, hydroxylysine
- HyP, hydroxyproline
- ILD, interstitial lung disease
- IPF, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
- LH, lysyl hydroxylase
- LOX(L), lysyl oxidase(-like)
- LTBP2, latent-transforming growth factor β -binding protein 2
- Lysyl glycosylation
- Lysyl hydroxylation
- P3H, prolyl-3-hydroxylase
- P4H, prolyl-4-hydroxylase
- PAI1, plasminogen activator inhibitor 1
- PCA, principal component analysis
- PLOD (LH), procollagen-lysine,2-oxoglutarate 5-dioxygenases (lysyl hydroxylases)
- PTM, post-translational modification
- Prolyl hydroxylation
- Pulmonary fibrosis
- SEMA7A, semaphorin 7a
- TGF-β, transforming growth factor β
- TGM2, transglutaminase 1
- Transforming growth factor-β
- VCAN, versican
- Xaa, Xaa position in the Gly-Xaa-Yaa repeat in triple-helical collagen
- Yaa, Yaa position in the Gly-Xaa-Yaa repeat in triple-helical collagen
- α-SMA, α-smooth muscle actin
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27
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Guindolet D, Gabison EE. Role of CD147 (EMMPRIN/Basigin) in Tissue Remodeling. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2019; 303:1584-1589. [DOI: 10.1002/ar.24089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2018] [Revised: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 11/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Damien Guindolet
- Fondation Ophtalmologique A. de Rothschild 25 rue Manin, 75019, Paris France
| | - Eric E. Gabison
- Fondation Ophtalmologique A. de Rothschild 25 rue Manin, 75019, Paris France
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28
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Pahwa S, Bhowmick M, Amar S, Cao J, Strongin AY, Fridman R, Weiss SJ, Fields GB. Characterization and regulation of MT1-MMP cell surface-associated activity. Chem Biol Drug Des 2018; 93:1251-1264. [PMID: 30480376 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.13450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2018] [Revised: 10/18/2018] [Accepted: 11/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Quantitative assessment of MT1-MMP cell surface-associated proteolytic activity remains undefined. Presently, MT1-MMP was stably expressed and a cell-based FRET assay developed to quantify activity toward synthetic collagen-model triple-helices. To estimate the importance of cell surface localization and specific structural domains on MT1-MMP proteolysis, activity measurements were performed using a series of membrane-anchored MT1-MMP mutants and compared directly with those of soluble MT1-MMP. MT1-MMP activity (kcat /KM ) on the cell surface was 4.8-fold lower compared with soluble MT1-MMP, with the effect largely manifested in kcat . Deletion of the MT1-MMP cytoplasmic tail enhanced cell surface activity, with both kcat and KM values affected, while deletion of the hemopexin-like domain negatively impacted KM and increased kcat . Overall, cell surface localization of MT1-MMP restricts substrate binding and protein-coupled motions (based on changes in both kcat and KM ) for catalysis. Comparison of soluble and cell surface-bound MT2-MMP revealed 12.9-fold lower activity on the cell surface. The cell-based assay was utilized for small molecule and triple-helical transition state analog MMP inhibitors, which were found to function similarly in solution and at the cell surface. These studies provide the first quantitative assessments of MT1-MMP activity and inhibition in the native cellular environment of the enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Pahwa
- Departments of Chemistry and Biology, Torrey Pines Institute for Molecular Studies, Port St. Lucie, Florida
| | - Manishabrata Bhowmick
- Departments of Chemistry and Biology, Torrey Pines Institute for Molecular Studies, Port St. Lucie, Florida
| | - Sabrina Amar
- Departments of Chemistry and Biology, Torrey Pines Institute for Molecular Studies, Port St. Lucie, Florida.,Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Florida Atlantic University, Jupiter, Florida
| | - Jian Cao
- Departments of Medicine/Cancer Prevention and Pathology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York
| | - Alex Y Strongin
- Cancer Research Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Research Institute, La Jolla, California
| | - Rafael Fridman
- Department of Pathology and the Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan
| | - Stephen J Weiss
- Division of Molecular Medicine & Genetics, Department of Internal Medicine, Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Gregg B Fields
- Departments of Chemistry and Biology, Torrey Pines Institute for Molecular Studies, Port St. Lucie, Florida.,Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Florida Atlantic University, Jupiter, Florida.,The Scripps Research Institute/Scripps Florida, Jupiter, Florida
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29
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Paumier JM, Py NA, García-González L, Bernard A, Stephan D, Louis L, Checler F, Khrestchatisky M, Baranger K, Rivera S. Proamyloidogenic effects of membrane type 1 matrix metalloproteinase involve MMP‐2 and BACE‐1 activities, and the modulation of APP trafficking. FASEB J 2018; 33:2910-2927. [DOI: 10.1096/fj.201801076r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Nathalie A. Py
- Aix-Marseille UnivCNRSINPInst NeurophysiopatholMarseilleFrance
| | | | - Anne Bernard
- Aix-Marseille UnivCNRSINPInst NeurophysiopatholMarseilleFrance
| | | | - Laurence Louis
- Aix-Marseille UnivCNRSINPInst NeurophysiopatholMarseilleFrance
| | - Frédéric Checler
- Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IPMC)Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 7275 CNRS–Université Nice Sophia (UNS)Excellence Laboratory (Labex) Development of Innovaive Strategies for a Transdisciplinary Approach to Alzheimer's Disease (DistAlz)ValbonneFrance
| | | | - Kévin Baranger
- Aix-Marseille UnivCNRSINPInst NeurophysiopatholMarseilleFrance
| | - Santiago Rivera
- Aix-Marseille UnivCNRSINPInst NeurophysiopatholMarseilleFrance
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30
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Garmon T, Wittling M, Nie S. MMP14 Regulates Cranial Neural Crest Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition and Migration. Dev Dyn 2018; 247:1083-1092. [PMID: 30079980 DOI: 10.1002/dvdy.24661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2017] [Revised: 06/08/2018] [Accepted: 07/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neural crest is a vertebrate specific cell population. Induced at lateral borders of the neural plate, neural crest cells (NCCs) subsequently undergo epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) to detach from the neuroepithelium before migrating into various locations in the embryo. Despite the wealth of knowledge of transcription factors involved in this process, little is known about the effectors that directly regulate neural crest EMT and migration. RESULTS Here, we examined the activity of matrix metalloproteinase MMP14 in NCCs and found that MMP14 is expressed in both premigratory and migrating NCCs. Overexpression of MMP14 led to premature migration of NCCs, while down-regulation of MMP14 resulted in reduced neural crest migration. Transplantation experiment further showed that MMP14 is required in NCCs, whereas MMP2, which can be activated by MMP14, is required in the surrounding mesenchyme. in vitro explant culture showed that MMP14 is required for neural crest EMT but not for spreading. This is possibly mediated by the changes in cadherin levels, as decreasing MMP14 level led to increased cadherin expression and increasing MMP14 level led to reduced cadherin expression. CONCLUSIONS The results demonstrate that MMP14 is critical for neural crest EMT and migration, partially through regulating the levels of cadherins. Developmental Dynamics 247:1083-1092, 2018. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taylor Garmon
- School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Megen Wittling
- School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia.,Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Shuyi Nie
- School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia.,Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia.,Integrated Cancer Research Center, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia
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31
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Drake PM, Franz-Odendaal TA. A Potential Role for MMPs during the Formation of Non-Neurogenic Placodes. J Dev Biol 2018; 6:jdb6030020. [PMID: 30049947 PMCID: PMC6162748 DOI: 10.3390/jdb6030020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2018] [Revised: 07/16/2018] [Accepted: 07/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The formation of non-neurogenic placodes is critical prior to the development of several epithelial derivatives (e.g., feathers, teeth, etc.) and their development frequently involves morphogenetic proteins (or morphogens). Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are important enzymes involved in extracellular matrix remodeling, and recent research has shown that the extracellular matrix (ECM) can modulate morphogen diffusion and cell behaviors. This review summarizes the known roles of MMPs during the development of non-neurogenic structures that involve a placodal stage. Specifically, we discuss feather, hair, tooth, mammary gland and lens development. This review highlights the potential critical role MMPs may play during placode formation in these systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paige M Drake
- Department of Medical Neuroscience, Dalhousie University, 5850 College Street, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada.
- Department of Biology, Mount Saint Vincent University, 166 Bedford Highway, Halifax, NS B3M 2J6, Canada.
| | - Tamara A Franz-Odendaal
- Department of Medical Neuroscience, Dalhousie University, 5850 College Street, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada.
- Department of Biology, Mount Saint Vincent University, 166 Bedford Highway, Halifax, NS B3M 2J6, Canada.
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32
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Abstract
The transcription factor PROX1 is essential for development and cell fate specification. Its function in cancer is context-dependent since PROX1 has been shown to play both oncogenic and tumour suppressive roles. Here, we show that PROX1 suppresses the transcription of MMP14, a metalloprotease involved in angiogenesis and cancer invasion, by binding and suppressing the activity of MMP14 promoter. Prox1 deletion in murine dermal lymphatic vessels in vivo and in human LECs increased MMP14 expression. In a hepatocellular carcinoma cell line expressing high endogenous levels of PROX1, its silencing increased both MMP14 expression and MMP14-dependent invasion in 3D. Moreover, PROX1 ectopic expression reduced the MMP14-dependent 3D invasiveness of breast cancer cells and angiogenic sprouting of blood endothelial cells in conjunction with MMP14 suppression. Our study uncovers a new transcriptional regulatory mechanism of cancer cell invasion and endothelial cell specification.
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33
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Wood CR, Al Delfi IRT, Innes JF, Myint P, Johnson WEB. Exposing mesenchymal stem cells to chondroitin sulphated proteoglycans reduces their angiogenic and neuro-adhesive paracrine activity. Biochimie 2018; 155:26-36. [PMID: 29680669 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2018.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2017] [Accepted: 04/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The multifactorial complexity of spinal cord injuries includes the formation of a glial scar, of which chondroitin sulphated proteoglycans (CSPG) are an integral component. Previous studies have shown CSPG to have inhibitory effects on endothelial and neuronal cell growth, highlighting the difficulty of spinal cord regeneration. Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSC) are widely used as a cell therapy, and there is mounting evidence for their angiogenic and neurotrophic paracrine properties. However, in vivo studies have observed poor engraftment and survival of MSC when injected into SCI. Currently, it is not known whether increasing CSPG concentrations seen after SCI may affect MSC; therefore we have investigated the effects of CSPG exposure to MSC in vitro. CSPG-mediated inhibition of MSC adhesion was observed when MSC were cultured on substrates of increasing CSPG concentration, however MSC viability was not affected even up to five days of culture. Culture conditioned medium harvested from these cultures (primed MSC CM) was used as both culture substrata and soluble medium for EA.hy926 endothelial cells and SH-SY5Y neuronal cells. MSC CM was angiogenic, promoting endothelial cell adhesion, proliferation and tubule formation. However, exposing MSC to CSPG reduced the effects of CSPG-primed MSC CM on endothelial cell adhesion and proliferation, but did not reduce MSC-induced endothelial tubule formation. Primed MSC CM also promoted neuronal cell adhesion, which was reduced following exposure to CSPG. There were no marked differences in neurite outgrowth in MSC CM from CSPG primed MSC cultures versus control conditions, although non-primed MSC CM from the same donors was found to significantly enhance neurite outgrowth. Taken together, these studies demonstrate that MSC are resilient to CSPG exposure, but that there is a marked effect of CSPG on their paracrine regenerative activity. The findings increase our understanding of how the wound microenvironment after SCI can mitigate the beneficial effects of MSC transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chelsea R Wood
- Biological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Life Sciences, University of Chester, Parkgate Road, Chester, CH1 4BJ, United Kingdom.
| | - Ibtesam R T Al Delfi
- Centre for Experimental Medicine, Queen's University, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, BT9 7BL, Northern Ireland, UK.
| | - John F Innes
- Veterinary Tissue Bank Ltd, Brynkinalt Business Centre, Wrexham, LL14 5NS, United Kingdom.
| | - Peter Myint
- Veterinary Tissue Bank Ltd, Brynkinalt Business Centre, Wrexham, LL14 5NS, United Kingdom.
| | - William E B Johnson
- Biological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Life Sciences, University of Chester, Parkgate Road, Chester, CH1 4BJ, United Kingdom.
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34
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Mohammad MA, Ismael NR, Shaarawy SM, El-Merzabani MM. Prognostic Value of Membrane Type 1 and 2 Matrix Metalloproteinase Expression and Gelatinase a Activity in Bladder Cancer. Int J Biol Markers 2018; 25:69-74. [DOI: 10.1177/172460081002500202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Purpose To analyze the behavior of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) in their active state in patients with bladder cancer. Method A retrospective study of 50 patients with localized bladder cancer who underwent tumor resection between June 2006 and June 2007 at the National Cancer Institute in Cairo, Egypt was carried out. Tissue samples were collected and the expression of membrane type 1 (MT1) and type 2 (MT2) MMPs was determined by Western blotting. Gelatinase A (MMP-2) activity was estimated by zymographic analysis in tissue samples of each patient and the values were correlated with clinical tumor stage and lymph node status. Result The behavior of MMP-2 showed statistical significance in 90% of tumor tissues compared with 22% of adjacent normal tissues (p<0.001). MT1-MMP was expressed in 88% of tumor tissues compared with 24% of normal tissues (p<0.001); MT2-MMP was expressed in 74% of tumor tissues compared with 12% of normal tissues (p<0.001). While there was a highly significant association between MMP-2 activity and MT1-MMP expression in tumor tissues (p<0.001), there was a moderately significant association between MMP-2 activity and MT2-MMP expression (p=0.018). The results also revealed an association between MT1-MMP and MT2-MMP expression in tumor tissues (p<0.001). MMP-2 activity and MT2-MMP expression in tumor tissues were statistically associated with high tumor stage (p=0.039 and p=0.014, respectively), while the expression of MT1-MMP showed no association with tumor stage (p=0.139). Conclusion MMP-2 activity is associated with an increase in MT2-MMP expression and with lymph node metastasis. No association was found between MT1-MMP expression and lymph node metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad A. Mohammad
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Unit, Cancer Biology Department, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo - Egypt
| | - Naglaa R. Ismael
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Fayoum University, Fayoum - Egypt
| | - Sabry M. Shaarawy
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Unit, Cancer Biology Department, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo - Egypt
| | - Mahmoud M. El-Merzabani
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Unit, Cancer Biology Department, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo - Egypt
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35
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Latifi Z, Fattahi A, Ranjbaran A, Nejabati HR, Imakawa K. Potential roles of metalloproteinases of endometrium-derived exosomes in embryo-maternal crosstalk during implantation. J Cell Physiol 2017; 233:4530-4545. [PMID: 29115666 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.26259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2017] [Accepted: 10/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
During embryo implantation, crosstalk between the endometrial epithelium and the blastocyst, especially the trophoblasts, is a prerequisite for successful implantation. During this crosstalk, various molecular and functional changes occur to promote synchrony between the embryo and the endometrium as well as the uterine cavity microenvironment. In the past few years, growing evidence has shown that endometrium-derived exosomes play pivotal roles in the embryonic-maternal crosstalk during implantation, although the exact mechanism of this crosstalk has yet to be determined. The presence of metalloproteinases has been reported in endometrium-derived exosomes, implying the importance of these enzymes in exosome-based crosstalk. Thus, in this review, we describe the potential roles of the metalloproteinases of endometrium-derived exosomes in promoting embryo attachment and implantation. This study could provide a better understanding of the potential roles of exosomal metalloproteinases in embryo implantation and pave the way for developing novel exosome-based regulatory agents to support early pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeinab Latifi
- Animal Resource Science Center, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Ibaraki, Japan.,Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Amir Fattahi
- Department of Reproductive Biology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ali Ranjbaran
- Women's Reproductive Health Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hamid Reza Nejabati
- Women's Reproductive Health Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Kazuhiko Imakawa
- Animal Resource Science Center, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Ibaraki, Japan
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36
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Swayampakula M, McDonald PC, Vallejo M, Coyaud E, Chafe SC, Westerback A, Venkateswaran G, Shankar J, Gao G, Laurent EMN, Lou Y, Bennewith KL, Supuran CT, Nabi IR, Raught B, Dedhar S. The interactome of metabolic enzyme carbonic anhydrase IX reveals novel roles in tumor cell migration and invadopodia/MMP14-mediated invasion. Oncogene 2017; 36:6244-6261. [PMID: 28692057 PMCID: PMC5684442 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2017.219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2017] [Revised: 05/05/2017] [Accepted: 05/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX) is a hypoxia inducible factor 1-induced, cell surface pH regulating enzyme with an established role in tumor progression and clinical outcome. However, the molecular basis of CAIX-mediated tumor progression remains unclear. Here, we have utilized proximity dependent biotinylation (BioID) to map the CAIX ‘interactome’ in breast cancer cells in order to identify physiologically relevant CAIX-associating proteins with potential roles in tumor progression. High confidence proteins identified include metabolic transporters, β1 integrins, integrin-associated protein CD98hc and matrix metalloprotease 14 (MMP14). Biochemical studies validate the association of CAIX with α2β1 integrin, CD98hc and MMP14, and immunofluorescence microscopy demonstrates colocalization of CAIX with α2β1 integrin and MMP14 in F-actin/cofilin-positive lamellipodia/pseudopodia, and with MMP14 to cortactin/Tks5-positive invadopodia. Modulation of CAIX expression and activity results in significant changes in cell migration, collagen degradation and invasion. Mechanistically, we demonstrate that CAIX associates with MMP14 through potential phosphorylation residues within its intracellular domain, and that CAIX enhances MMP14-mediated collagen degradation by directly contributing hydrogen ions required for MMP14 catalytic activity. These findings establish hypoxia-induced CAIX as a novel metabolic component of cellular migration and invasion structures, and provide new mechanistic insights into its role in tumor cell biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Swayampakula
- Department of Integrative Oncology, BC Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - P C McDonald
- Department of Integrative Oncology, BC Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - M Vallejo
- Department of Integrative Oncology, BC Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - E Coyaud
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - S C Chafe
- Department of Integrative Oncology, BC Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - A Westerback
- Department of Integrative Oncology, BC Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - G Venkateswaran
- Department of Integrative Oncology, BC Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - J Shankar
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - G Gao
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - E M N Laurent
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Y Lou
- Department of Integrative Oncology, BC Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - K L Bennewith
- Department of Integrative Oncology, BC Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - C T Supuran
- Laboratorio di Chimica Bioinorganica, Universita degli Studi di Firenze, Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - I R Nabi
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - B Raught
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - S Dedhar
- Department of Integrative Oncology, BC Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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37
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Levin M, Udi Y, Solomonov I, Sagi I. Next generation matrix metalloproteinase inhibitors - Novel strategies bring new prospects. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2017. [PMID: 28636874 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2017.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Enzymatic proteolysis of cell surface proteins and extracellular matrix (ECM) is critical for tissue homeostasis and cell signaling. These proteolytic activities are mediated predominantly by a family of proteases termed matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). The growing evidence in recent years that ECM and non-ECM bioactive molecules (e.g., growth factors, cytokines, chemokines, on top of matrikines and matricryptins) have versatile functions redefines our view on the roles matrix remodeling enzymes play in many physiological and pathological processes, and underscores the notion that ECM proteolytic reaction mechanisms represent master switches in the regulation of critical biological processes and govern cell behavior. Accordingly, MMPs are not only responsible for direct degradation of ECM molecules but are also key modulators of cardinal bioactive factors. Many attempts were made to manipulate ECM degradation by targeting MMPs using small peptidic and organic inhibitors. However, due to the high structural homology shared by these enzymes, the majority of the developed compounds are broad-spectrum inhibitors affecting the proteolytic activity of various MMPs and other zinc-related proteases. These inhibitors, in many cases, failed as therapeutic agents, mainly due to the bilateral role of MMPs in pathological conditions such as cancer, in which MMPs have both pro- and anti-tumorigenic effects. Despite the important role of MMPs in many human diseases, none of the broad-range synthetic MMP inhibitors that were designed have successfully passed clinical trials. It appears that, designing highly selective MMP inhibitors that are also effective in vivo, is not trivial. The challenges related to designing selective and effective metalloprotease inhibitors, are associated in part with the aforesaid high structural homology and the dynamic nature of their protein scaffolds. Great progress was achieved in the last decade in understanding the biochemistry and biology of MMPs activity. This knowledge, combined with lessons from the past has drawn new "boundaries" for the development of the next-generation MMP inhibitors. These novel agents are currently designed to be highly specific, capable to discriminate between the homologous MMPs and ideally administered as a short-term topical treatment. In this review we discuss the latest progress in the fields of MMP inhibitors in terms of structure, function and their specific activity. The development of novel highly specific inhibitors targeting MMPs paves the path to study complex biological processes associated with ECM proteolysis in health and disease. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Matrix Metalloproteinases edited by Rafael Fridman.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxim Levin
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Yael Udi
- Laboratory of Cellular and Structural Biology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Inna Solomonov
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Irit Sagi
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel.
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38
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Zhang W, Chen Y, Meng H, Du J, Luan G, Wang H, Yang M, Luo Z. Role of miR-155 in the regulation of MMP-16 expression in intervertebral disc degeneration. J Orthop Res 2017; 35:1323-1334. [PMID: 27227700 PMCID: PMC5485035 DOI: 10.1002/jor.23313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2016] [Accepted: 05/19/2016] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The molecular mechanisms of intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) remain elusive. We found that miR-155 is down-regulated in degenerative nucleus pulposus (NP), and more severe degeneration is correlated with higher matrix metallopeptidase 16 (MMP-16) expression. MMP-16 also degraded matrix aggrecan. Here, we addressed the in vivo miR-155-mediated pathological impact on IDD using a classic puncture mouse model. Lentiviral upregulated-miR-155 or downregulated-miR-155 was transduced into the discs of C57 mice, which was validated by real-time polymerase chain reaction (real-time PCR) and in situ hybridization. Immunohistochemistry and western blotting revealed that up-regulation of miR-155 resulted in down-regulation of MMP-16 and an increase in aggrecan and collagen type II in mouse NP; whereas, down-regulation of miR-155 resulted in up-regulation of MMP-16 and a decrease in aggrecan in mouse NP. Radiographic and histological analysis showed that the up-regulation of miR-155 attenuated IDD, while down-regulation of miR-155 resulted in the deterioration of IDD. These findings indicate that decreased miR-155 contributed to the up-regulation of MMP-16 in vivo, and MMP-16 further degraded aggrecan and collagen type II, leading to the dehydration and degeneration of discs. Our findings revealed a therapeutic role for miR-155 in IDD. © 2017 The Authors. Journal of Orthopaedic Research Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of Orthopaedic Research Society. J Orthop Res 35:1323-1334, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei‐Lin Zhang
- Department of OrthopedicsThe First Hospital of China Medical University155 North Nanjing StreetShenyang 110001LiaoningChina,Department of Orthopaedics, Xijing HospitalFourth Military Medical University127 Changle Western RoadXi'an 710032China
| | - Yu‐Fei Chen
- Department of OrthopaedicsAir Force General Hospital, PLABeijingChina
| | - Hong‐Zheng Meng
- Department of OrthopedicsThe First Hospital of China Medical University155 North Nanjing StreetShenyang 110001LiaoningChina
| | - Jun‐Jie Du
- Department of OrthopaedicsAir Force General Hospital, PLABeijingChina
| | - Guan‐Nan Luan
- Institute of Medical InformationChinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Hai‐Qiang Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xijing HospitalFourth Military Medical University127 Changle Western RoadXi'an 710032China
| | - Mao‐Wei Yang
- Department of OrthopedicsThe First Hospital of China Medical University155 North Nanjing StreetShenyang 110001LiaoningChina
| | - Zhuo‐Jing Luo
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xijing HospitalFourth Military Medical University127 Changle Western RoadXi'an 710032China
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39
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Davaa E, Lee J, Jenjob R, Yang SG. MT1-MMP Responsive Doxorubicin Conjugated Poly(lactic-co-glycolic Acid)/Poly(styrene-alt-maleic Anhydride) Core/Shell Microparticles for Intrahepatic Arterial Chemotherapy of Hepatic Cancer. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:71-79. [PMID: 27966863 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b08994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we demonstrated that the MT1-MMP-responsive peptide (sequence: GPLPLRSWGLK) and doxorubicin-conjugated poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid/poly(styrene-alt-maleic anhydride) core/shell microparticles (PLGA/pSMA MPs) can be applied for intrahepatic arterial injection for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). PLGA/pSMA MPs were prepared with a capillary-focused microfluidic device. The particle size, observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), was around 22 ± 3 μm. MT1-MMP-responsive peptide and doxorubicin (DOX) were chemically conjugated with pSMA segments on the shell of MPs to form a PLGA/pSMA-peptide-DOX complex, resulting in high encapsulation efficiency (91.1%) and loading content (2.9%). DOX was released from PLGA/pSMA-peptide-DOX MPs in a pH-dependent manner (∼25% at pH 5.4 and ∼8% at pH 7.4) and accumulated significantly in an MT1-MMP-overexpressing Hep3B cell line. An in vivo intrahepatic injection study showed localization of MPs on the hepatic vessels and hepatic lobes up to 24 h after the injection without any shunting to the lung. Moreover, MPs efficiently inhibited tumor growth of Hep3B hepatic tumor xenografted mouse models. We expect that PLGA/pSMA-peptide-DOX MPs can be utilized as an effective intrahepatic drug delivery system for the treatment of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enkhzaya Davaa
- Department of New Drug Development, School of Medicine, Inha University , B-308, Chungsuk Bldg, 366, Seohae-Daero, Jung-Gu, Incheon 22332, Republic of Korea
| | - Junghan Lee
- Department of New Drug Development, School of Medicine, Inha University , B-308, Chungsuk Bldg, 366, Seohae-Daero, Jung-Gu, Incheon 22332, Republic of Korea
| | - Ratchapol Jenjob
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Molecular Science and Engineering, Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology (VISTEC) , Rayong 21210, Thailand
| | - Su-Geun Yang
- Department of New Drug Development, School of Medicine, Inha University , B-308, Chungsuk Bldg, 366, Seohae-Daero, Jung-Gu, Incheon 22332, Republic of Korea
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40
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Grindel B, Li Q, Arnold R, Petros J, Zayzafoon M, Muldoon M, Stave J, Chung LWK, Farach-Carson MC. Perlecan/HSPG2 and matrilysin/MMP-7 as indices of tissue invasion: tissue localization and circulating perlecan fragments in a cohort of 288 radical prostatectomy patients. Oncotarget 2016; 7:10433-47. [PMID: 26862737 PMCID: PMC4891130 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.7197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2015] [Accepted: 01/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) cells use matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) to degrade tissue during invasion. Perlecan/HSPG2 is degraded at basement membranes, in reactive stroma and in bone marrow during metastasis. We previously showed MMP-7 efficiently degrades perlecan. We now analyzed PCa tissue and serum from 288 prostatectomy patients of various Gleason grades to decipher the relationship between perlecan and MMP-7 in invasive PCa. In 157 prostatectomy specimens examined by tissue microarray, perlecan levels were 18% higher than their normal counterparts. In Gleason grade 4 tissues, MMP-7 and perlecan immunostaining levels were highly correlated with each other (average correlation coefficient of 0.52) in PCa tissue, regardless of grade. Serial sections showed intense, but non-overlapping, immunostaining for MMP-7 and perlecan at adjacent borders, reflecting the protease-substrate relationship. Using a capture assay, analysis of 288 PCa sera collected at prostatectomy showed elevated levels of perlecan fragments, with most derived from domain IV. Perlecan fragments in PCa sera were associated with overall MMP-7 staining levels in PCa tissues. Domain IV perlecan fragments were present in stage IV, but absent in normal, sera, suggesting perlecan degradation during metastasis. Together, perlecan fragments in sera and MMP-7 in tissues of PCa patients are measures of invasive PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian Grindel
- Department of BioSciences, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA
| | - Quanlin Li
- Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Research Center, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Rebecca Arnold
- Emory University Departments of Urology, Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and Hematology and Medical Oncology, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - John Petros
- Emory University Departments of Urology, Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and Hematology and Medical Oncology, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.,The Atlanta Veteran Affairs Medical Center, Decatur, GA 30033, USA
| | - Majd Zayzafoon
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA
| | - Mark Muldoon
- Strategic Diagnostics Inc., Newark, DE 19702, USA.,Romer Labs Technology, Inc., Newark, DE 19713, USA
| | - James Stave
- Strategic Diagnostics Inc., Newark, DE 19702, USA.,CD Diagnostics, Claymont, DE 19703, USA
| | - Leland W K Chung
- Uro-Oncology Research Program, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute at Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Mary C Farach-Carson
- Department of BioSciences, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA.,Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA
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41
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Du HT, Liu P. Matrix metalloproteinase 14 participates in corneal lymphangiogenesis through the VEGF-C/VEGFR-3 signaling pathway. Exp Ther Med 2016; 12:2120-2128. [PMID: 27698700 PMCID: PMC5038200 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2016.3601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2015] [Accepted: 07/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the roles of matrix metalloproteinase 14 (MMP-14) in corneal inflammatory lymphangiogenesis. The expression of MMP-14 in vivo was detected by immunohistochemistry, reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and western blot assays, under various corneal conditions. pCMV-MMP-14 or empty pCMV vectors were injected into mouse corneal stroma, 3 days after suture placement in a standard suture-induced inflammatory corneal neovascularization assay. The outgrowth of blood and lymphatic vessels and macrophage recruitment were analyzed using immunofluorescence. The expression levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) subtypes were tested by RT-qPCR. MMP-14 expression was upregulated significantly following various corneal injuries. The results demonstrated, for the first time, that MMP-14 strongly promotes corneal lymphangiogenesis and macrophage infiltration during inflammation. Furthermore, expression levels of VEGF-C and VEGF receptor-3, but not other VEGF components, were significantly upregulated by the intrastromal delivery of MMP-14 during corneal lymphangiogenesis. In conclusion, this study indicates that MMP-14 is critically involved in the processes of lymphangiogenesis. Inhibition of MMP-14 may provide a viable treatment for transplant rejection and other lymphatic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Tao Du
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Ping Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
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42
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MT1-MMP Inhibits the Activity of Bst-2 via Their Cytoplasmic Domains Dependent Interaction. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17060818. [PMID: 27240342 PMCID: PMC4926352 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17060818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2016] [Revised: 05/12/2016] [Accepted: 05/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Bst-2 (bone marrow stromal cell antigen 2) is a type II membrane protein, and it acts as a tetherin to inhibit virion releasing from infectious cells. Membrane type-1 matrix metalloproteinase (MT1-MMP) is a protease. It plays a pivotal role in cellular growth and migration by activating proMMP-2 into active MMP2. Our results here elaborate that MT1-MMP inhibits the tetherin activity of Bst-2 by interacting with Bst-2, and the cytoplasmic domains of both Bst-2 and MT1-MMP play critical roles within this interaction. Based on our experimental data, the assays for virion release and co-immunoprecipitation have clearly demonstrated that the activity of Bst-2 is markedly inhibited by MT1-MMP via their interaction; and both the N-terminal domain of Bst-2 and the C-terminal domain of MT1-MMP are important in the interaction. Immunostaining and Confocal Microscopy assay shows that MT1-MMP interacts with Bst-2 to form granular particles trafficking into cytoplasm from membrane and, finally, results in Bst-2 and MT1-MMP both being inhibited. In addition, mutant experiments elucidate that the N-terminal domain of Bst-2 is not only important in relating to the activity of Bst-2 itself, but is important for inhibiting the MT1-MMP/proMMP2/MMP2 pathway. These findings suggest that MT1-MMP is a novel inhibitor of Bst-2 in MT1-MMP expressed cell lines and also indicate that both the N-terminal domain of Bst-2 and the C-terminal domain of MT1-MMP are crucial in down-regulation.
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43
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Poluzzi C, Iozzo RV, Schaefer L. Endostatin and endorepellin: A common route of action for similar angiostatic cancer avengers. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2016; 97:156-73. [PMID: 26518982 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2015.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2015] [Revised: 10/15/2015] [Accepted: 10/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Traditional cancer therapy typically targets the tumor proper. However, newly-formed vasculature exerts a major role in cancer development and progression. Autophagy, as a biological mechanism for clearing damaged proteins and oxidative stress products released in the tumor milieu, could help in tumor resolution by rescuing cells undergoing modifications or inducing autophagic-cell death of tumor blood vessels. Cleaved fragments of extracellular matrix proteoglycans are emerging as key players in the modulation of angiogenesis and endothelial cell autophagy. An essential characteristic of cancer progression is the remodeling of the basement membrane and the release of processed forms of its constituents. Endostatin, generated from collagen XVIII, and endorepellin, the C-terminal segment of the large proteoglycan perlecan, possess a dual activity as modifiers of both angiogenesis and endothelial cell autophagy. Manipulation of these endogenously-processed forms, located in the basement membrane within tumors, could represent new therapeutic approaches for cancer eradication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Poluzzi
- Pharmazentrum Frankfurt/ZAFES, Institut für Allgemeine Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Klinikum der Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Renato V Iozzo
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, and the Cancer Cell Biology and Signaling Program, Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Liliana Schaefer
- Pharmazentrum Frankfurt/ZAFES, Institut für Allgemeine Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Klinikum der Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
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44
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Altara R, Manca M, Sabra R, Eid AA, Booz GW, Zouein FA. Temporal cardiac remodeling post-myocardial infarction: dynamics and prognostic implications in personalized medicine. Heart Fail Rev 2015; 21:25-47. [PMID: 26498937 DOI: 10.1007/s10741-015-9513-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Despite dramatic improvements in short-term mortality rates following myocardial infarction (MI), long-term survival for MI patients who progress to heart failure remains poor. MI occurs when the left ventricle (LV) is deprived of oxygen for a sufficient period of time to induce irreversible necrosis of the myocardium. The LV response to MI involves significant tissue, cellular, and molecular level modifications, as well as substantial hemodynamic changes that feedback negatively to amplify the response. Inflammation to remove necrotic myocytes and fibroblast activation to form a scar are key wound healing responses that are highly variable across individuals. Few biomarkers of early remodeling stages are currently clinically adopted. The discovery of underlying pathophysiological mechanisms and associated novel biomarkers has the potential of improving prognostic capability and therapeutic monitoring. Combining these biomarkers with other prominent ones could constitute a powerful diagnostic and prognostic tool that directly reflects the pathophysiological remodeling of the LV. Understanding temporal remodeling at the tissue, cellular, and molecular level and its link to a well-defined set of biomarkers at early stages post-MI is a prerequisite for improving personalized care and devising more successful therapeutic interventions. Here we summarize the integral mechanisms that occur during early cardiac remodeling in the post-MI setting and highlight the most prominent biomarkers for assessing disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raffaele Altara
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA.,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Marco Manca
- DG-DI, Medical Applications, CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Ramzi Sabra
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Assaad A Eid
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - George W Booz
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Fouad A Zouein
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA. .,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon.
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45
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Friends or Foes: Matrix Metalloproteinases and Their Multifaceted Roles in Neurodegenerative Diseases. Mediators Inflamm 2015; 2015:620581. [PMID: 26538832 PMCID: PMC4619970 DOI: 10.1155/2015/620581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2015] [Revised: 09/03/2015] [Accepted: 09/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurodegeneration is a chronic progressive loss of neuronal cells leading to deterioration of central nervous system (CNS) functionality. It has been shown that neuroinflammation precedes neurodegeneration in various neurodegenerative diseases. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), a protein family of zinc-containing endopeptidases, are essential in (neuro)inflammation and might be involved in neurodegeneration. Although MMPs are indispensable for physiological development and functioning of the organism, they are often referred to as double-edged swords due to their ability to also inflict substantial damage in various pathological conditions. MMP activity is strictly controlled, and its dysregulation leads to a variety of pathologies. Investigation of their potential use as therapeutic targets requires a better understanding of their contributions to the development of neurodegenerative diseases. Here, we review MMPs and their roles in neurodegenerative diseases: Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), Huntington's disease (HD), and multiple sclerosis (MS). We also discuss MMP inhibition as a possible therapeutic strategy to treat neurodegenerative diseases.
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46
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Reduced supply of monocyte-derived macrophages leads to a transition from nodular to diffuse lesions and tissue cell activation in silica-induced pulmonary fibrosis in mice. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2015; 185:2923-38. [PMID: 26456580 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2015.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2015] [Revised: 06/16/2015] [Accepted: 07/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Pulmonary fibrosis (PF) is an intractable disorder with a poor prognosis. Lung macrophages have been reported to regulate both progression and remission of bleomycin-induced diffuse PF. However, it remains unclear how macrophages contribute to silica-induced progressive nodular PF and the associated tissue cell responses in vivo. We found that lack of monocyte-derived macrophages results in the formation of diffuse PF after silica instillation. We found that the proportion and the number of monocyte-derived macrophages were persistently higher in silica-induced progressive PF compared with bleomycin-induced PF. Surprisingly, in Ccr2(-/-) mice, in which monocyte-derived macrophage infiltration is impaired, silica administration induced diffuse PF with loose nodule formation and greater activation of tissue cells. In the diffuse lesions, the distribution of epithelial cells, distribution of myofibroblasts, and architecture of the basement membrane were disrupted. Consistent with the development of diffuse lesions, genes that were differentially expressed in CD45(-) tissue cells from the lung of wild-type and Ccr2(-/-) mice were highly enriched in human diffuse, progressive PF. In gene ontology network analyses, many of these genes were associated with tissue remodeling and included genes not previously associated with PF, such as Mmp14, Thbs2, and Fgfr4. Overall, these results indicate that monocyte-derived macrophages prevent transition from nodular to diffuse silica-induced PF, potentially by regulating tissue cell responses.
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Taylor SH, Yeung CYC, Kalson NS, Lu Y, Zigrino P, Starborg T, Warwood S, Holmes DF, Canty-Laird EG, Mauch C, Kadler KE. Matrix metalloproteinase 14 is required for fibrous tissue expansion. eLife 2015; 4:e09345. [PMID: 26390284 PMCID: PMC4684142 DOI: 10.7554/elife.09345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2015] [Accepted: 09/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Type I collagen-containing fibrils are major structural components of the extracellular matrix of vertebrate tissues, especially tendon, but how they are formed is not fully understood. MMP14 is a potent pericellular collagenase that can cleave type I collagen in vitro. In this study, we show that tendon development is arrested in Scleraxis-Cre::Mmp14 lox/lox mice that are unable to release collagen fibrils from plasma membrane fibripositors. In contrast to its role in collagen turnover in adult tissue, MMP14 promotes embryonic tissue formation by releasing collagen fibrils from the cell surface. Notably, the tendons grow to normal size and collagen fibril release from fibripositors occurs in Col-r/r mice that have a mutated collagen-I that is uncleavable by MMPs. Furthermore, fibronectin (not collagen-I) accumulates in the tendons of Mmp14-null mice. We propose a model for cell-regulated collagen fibril assembly during tendon development in which MMP14 cleaves a molecular bridge tethering collagen fibrils to the plasma membrane of fibripositors. DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.09345.001 A scaffold of proteins called the extracellular matrix surrounds each of the cells that make up our organs and tissues. This matrix, which contains fibres made of proteins called collagens, provides the physical support needed to hold organs and tissues together. This support is especially important in the tendons—a tough tissue that connects the muscle to bone—and other ‘connective’ tissues. An enzyme called MMP14 is able to cut through chains of collagen proteins. It belongs to a family of proteins that are involved in breaking down the extracellular matrix to enable cells to divide and for other important processes in cells. Some cancer cells exploit MMP14 to enable them to leave their tissue of origin and spread around the body. Therefore, when researchers bred mutant mice that lacked MMP14, they expected to see excessive growth of collagen fibres in the connective tissues of the mice. However, these mice actually have extremely thin, fragile connective tissue and die soon after birth. Earlier in 2015, a group of researchers demonstrated that the first stage of tendon development in mice involves the formation of collagen fibres, which are attached to structures that project from tendon cells called fibripositors. Then, soon after the mice are born, the fibripositors disappear and the collagen fibres are released into the extracellular matrix where they grow longer and become thicker. Now, Taylor, Yeung, Kalson et al.—including some of the researchers from the earlier work—have used electron microscopy to investigate how a lack of MMP14 leads to fragile tendons in young mice. The experiments show that MMP14 plays a crucial role in the first stage of tendon development by detaching the collagen fibres from the fibripositors. MMP14 also promotes the formation of new collagen fibres; the tendons of mutant mice that lack MMP14 have fewer collagen fibres than normal mice. Further experiments revealed that the release of collagen fibres from fibripositors does not require MMP14 to cleave the chains of collagen proteins themselves. Instead, it appears that MMP14 cleaves another protein that is associated with the fibres, called fibronectin. Taylor, Yeung, Kalson et al.'s findings show that MMP14 plays an important role in the development of tendons by releasing collagen fibres from fibripositors and promoting the formation of new fibres. The next challenge is to find out how MMP14 regulates the number of collagen fibres in mature tendons and other tissues, and how defects in this enzyme can lead to cancer and other diseases. DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.09345.002
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan H Taylor
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Ching-Yan Chloé Yeung
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Nicholas S Kalson
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Yinhui Lu
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Paola Zigrino
- Department of Dermatology, Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Tobias Starborg
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Stacey Warwood
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - David F Holmes
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Elizabeth G Canty-Laird
- Department of Musculoskeletal Biology, Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Cornelia Mauch
- Department of Dermatology, Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Karl E Kadler
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
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Cruz-Martinez P, Pastor D, Estirado A, Pacheco-Torres J, Martinez S, Jones J. Stem cell injection in the hindlimb skeletal muscle enhances neurorepair in mice with spinal cord injury. Regen Med 2015; 9:579-91. [PMID: 25372077 DOI: 10.2217/rme.14.38] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS To develop a low-risk, little-invasive stem cell-based method to treat acute spinal cord injuries. methods: Adult mice were submitted to an incomplete spinal cord injury, and mesenchymal stem cells injected intramuscularly into both hindlimbs. Behavior tests and MRI of the spinal cord were periodically performed for up to 6 months, along with immunohistochemical analysis. Immunohistochemical and PCR analysis of the muscles were used to detect the grafted cells as well as the soluble factors released. RESULTS The stem cell-treated mice presented significant improvements in their motor skills 5 months after treatment. Spinal cord repair was detected by magnetic resonance and immunohistochemistry. In the hindlimb muscles, the stem cells activated muscle and motor neuron repair mechanisms, due to the secretion of several neurotrophic factors. CONCLUSION Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell injection into hindlimb muscles stimulates spinal cord repair in acute spinal cord lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Cruz-Martinez
- Neuroscience Institute, University Miguel Hernández (UMH-CSIC), San Juan, Alicante, Spain
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Kuriyama S, Yoshida M, Yano S, Aiba N, Kohno T, Minamiya Y, Goto A, Tanaka M. LPP inhibits collective cell migration during lung cancer dissemination. Oncogene 2015; 35:952-64. [DOI: 10.1038/onc.2015.155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2014] [Revised: 03/13/2015] [Accepted: 03/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Sanchavanakit N, Saengtong W, Manokawinchoke J, Pavasant P. TNF-α stimulates MMP-3 production via PGE2 signalling through the NF-kB and p38 MAPK pathway in a murine cementoblast cell line. Arch Oral Biol 2015; 60:1066-74. [PMID: 25956994 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2015.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2014] [Revised: 03/26/2015] [Accepted: 04/10/2015] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cementoblasts are considered to play an important role in the homeostasis of periodontal tissues under both physiologic and pathologic conditions. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) is the key family of enzymes participating in extracellular matrix remodelling. In the present study, the effects and regulatory mechanisms of tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α on the expression of MMPs and their inhibitors (tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases; TIMPs) were investigated. MATERIALS AND METHODS OCCM-30, an immortalised murine cementoblast cell line, was stimulated with TNF-α at 1 and 10ng/ml for 24h. The expression of Mmp-2, Mmp-3, Mmp-13, Mmp-14, Timp-1, and Timp-2 as well as PGE2 was determined. Inhibitors of MAPKs, PI3K/Akt, NF-kB and Cox-2 were employed to reveal possible TNF-α induced regulatory signalling pathway(s). The mRNA and protein expression were analysed by (semi)quantitative real-time PCR and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), respectively. RESULTS TNF-α dose-dependently stimulated MMP-3 expression by cementoblasts. This was found for mRNA as well as protein expression. No significant differences were found in the mRNA expression of Mmp-2, Mmp-13, Mmp-14, Timp-1, and Timp-2 upon TNF-α stimulation. The level of PGE2, however, was significantly increased along with MMP-3. Treatment with a selective Cox-2 inhibitor resulted in partial suppression of TNF-α-induced Mmp-3 mRNA expression. Addition of PGE2 enhanced Mmp-3 mRNA in a dose dependent manner, suggesting an inductive effect of TNF-α partly via PGE2. The up-regulation of Mmp-3 by TNF-α was completely suppressed by a combination of NF-kB and p38 MAPK inhibitors, while partial suppression was found with each inhibitor. The effect of PGE2 on Mmp-3 expression was abolished by treating cells with an NF-kB inhibitor; a p38 MAPK inhibitor had only a small effect. CONCLUSIONS The present study indicates that cementoblasts respond to TNF-α by increasing MMP-3 production partially via PGE2 and signalling through the NF-kB and p38 MAPK pathway. MMP-3 may participate in periodontal tissue degradation/remodelling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neeracha Sanchavanakit
- Research Unit of Mineralized Tissue, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.
| | - Weerayut Saengtong
- Research Unit of Mineralized Tissue, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.
| | - Jeeranan Manokawinchoke
- Research Unit of Mineralized Tissue, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.
| | - Prasit Pavasant
- Research Unit of Mineralized Tissue, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.
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