1
|
Khan Z, Ahmad S, Alfouzan W, Joseph L, Varghese S. Demonstration of Adventitious Sporulation in Fusarium Petroliphilum Onychomycosis. Mycopathologia 2019; 184:303-308. [PMID: 30734128 DOI: 10.1007/s11046-019-0318-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 01/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Fusarium petroliphilum is a recently described species within the Fusarium solani species complex. Some strains of Fusarium species are capable of forming yeast-like structures in tissue as well as in culture through a process known as "adventitious sporulation." Here, we describe the formation of these yeast-like reproductive structures in infected nail tissue obtained from a case of onychomycosis. These structures were also observed in culture grown on RPMI 1640 agar supplemented with 2% glucose. The isolate was resistant to azoles and echinocandins. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report describing adventitious sporulation in F. petroliphilum and its etiologic role in onychomycosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ziauddin Khan
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, P. O. Box 24923, 1311, Safat, Kuwait.
| | - Suhail Ahmad
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, P. O. Box 24923, 1311, Safat, Kuwait
| | - Wadha Alfouzan
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, P. O. Box 24923, 1311, Safat, Kuwait
| | - Leena Joseph
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, P. O. Box 24923, 1311, Safat, Kuwait
| | - Soumya Varghese
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, P. O. Box 24923, 1311, Safat, Kuwait
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Sandoval-Denis M, Crous P. Removing chaos from confusion: assigning names to common human and animal pathogens in Neocosmospora. PERSOONIA 2018; 41:109-129. [PMID: 30728601 PMCID: PMC6344815 DOI: 10.3767/persoonia.2018.41.06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2017] [Accepted: 11/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The genus Neocosmospora encompasses highly prevalent and aggressive human and animal fungal pathogens. Here we assign formal descriptions and Latin binomials to some of the most clinically relevant phylogenetic species of the genus. Three new species, named Neocosmospora catenata, N. gamsii and N. suttoniana (previously assigned to the informal names 'Fusarium' solani species complex (FSSC) lineages, FSSC 43, FSSC 7 and FSSC 20, respectively) are described on the basis of multilocus phylogenetic analyses (using EF-1α, ITS, LSU and RPB2 loci) and morphological characters. Lineage FSSC 9 is conspecific with the ex-type strain of Cylindrocarpon tonkinense, thus the new combination Neocosmospora tonkinensis is proposed. In addition, and based on the latest taxonomy for this generic complex, new combinations are introduced for four medically important taxa: Neocosmospora keratoplastica, N. lichenicola, N. metavorans and N. petroliphila. The most significant distinctive features for all the clinically relevant species treated here are compared and illustrated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M. Sandoval-Denis
- Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, Department of Plant Sciences, University of the Free State, P.O. Box 339, Bloemfontein 9300, South Africa
| | - P.W. Crous
- Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, Department of Plant Sciences, University of the Free State, P.O. Box 339, Bloemfontein 9300, South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Muraosa Y, Oguchi M, Yahiro M, Watanabe A, Yaguchi T, Kamei K. Epidemiological Study of Fusarium Species Causing Invasive and Superficial Fusariosis in Japan. Med Mycol J 2017; 58:E5-E13. [PMID: 28250364 DOI: 10.3314/mmj.16-00024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
In Japan, Fusarium species are known etiological agents of human fungal infection; however, there has been no report of a large-scale epidemiological study on the etiological agents of fusariosis. A total of 73 Fusarium isolates from patients with invasive fusariosis (IF, n= 36) or superficial fusariosis (SF, n= 37), which were obtained at hospitals located in 28 prefectures in Japan between 1998 and 2015, were used for this study. Fusarium isolates were identified using Fusarium- and Fusarium solani species complex (FSSC) -specific real-time PCR and partial DNA sequences of the elongation factor-1 alpha (EF-1α) gene and the nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region. FSSC was predominately isolated from both patients with IF and SF (IF, 77.8% and SF, 67.6%). Distribution of the phylogenetic species of FSSC isolates from patients with IF and SF exhibited different spectra; specifically, F. keratoplasticum (FSSC 2) (25.0%) was the most frequent isolate from patients with IF, whereas F. falciforme (FSSC 3+4) (32.4%) was the most frequent isolate from patients with SF. Fusarium sp. (FSSC 5) was the second most frequent isolate from both patients with IF and SF (IF, 22.2% and SF, 24.3%). Notably, F. petroliphilum (FSSC 1) was isolated only from patients with IF. Each species was isolated from a broad geographic area, and an epidemic was not observed. This is the first epidemiological study of Fusarium species causing IF and SF in Japan.
Collapse
|
4
|
Ribas E Ribas AD, Spolti P, Del Ponte EM, Donato KZ, Schrekker H, Fuentefria AM. Is the emergence of fungal resistance to medical triazoles related to their use in the agroecosystems? A mini review. Braz J Microbiol 2016; 47:793-799. [PMID: 27544394 PMCID: PMC5052333 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjm.2016.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2014] [Accepted: 03/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Triazole fungicides are used broadly for the control of infectious diseases of both humans and plants. The surge in resistance to triazoles among pathogenic populations is an emergent issue both in agriculture and medicine. The non-rational use of fungicides with site-specific modes of action, such as the triazoles, may increase the risk of antifungal resistance development. In the medical field, the surge of resistant fungal isolates has been related to the intensive and recurrent therapeutic use of a limited number of triazoles for the treatment and prophylaxis of many mycoses. Similarities in the mode of action of triazole fungicides used in these two fields may lead to cross-resistance, thus expanding the spectrum of resistance to multiple fungicides and contributing to the perpetuation of resistant strains in the environment. The emergence of fungicide-resistant isolates of human pathogens has been related to the exposure to fungicides used in agroecosystems. Examples include species of cosmopolitan occurrence, such as Fusarium and Aspergillus, which cause diseases in both plants and humans. This review summarizes the information about the most important triazole fungicides that are largely used in human clinical therapy and agriculture. We aim to discuss the issues related to fungicide resistance and the recommended strategies for preventing the emergence of triazole-resistant fungal populations capable of spreading across environments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aícha Daniela Ribas E Ribas
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul-UFRGS, Faculdade de Farmácia, Departamento de Análises, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Guevara-Suarez M, Cano-Lira JF, de García MCC, Sopo L, De Bedout C, Cano LE, García AM, Motta A, Amézquita A, Cárdenas M, Espinel-Ingroff A, Guarro J, Restrepo S, Celis A. Genotyping of Fusarium Isolates from Onychomycoses in Colombia: Detection of Two New Species Within the Fusarium solani Species Complex and In Vitro Antifungal Susceptibility Testing. Mycopathologia 2016; 181:165-74. [PMID: 26943726 DOI: 10.1007/s11046-016-9983-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2015] [Accepted: 01/12/2016] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Fusariosis have been increasing in Colombia in recent years, but its epidemiology is poorly known. We have morphologically and molecularly characterized 89 isolates of Fusarium obtained between 2010 and 2012 in the cities of Bogotá and Medellín. Using a multi-locus sequence analysis of rDNA internal transcribed spacer, a fragment of the translation elongation factor 1-alpha (Tef-1α) and of the RNA-dependent polymerase subunit II (Rpb2) genes, we identified the phylogenetic species and circulating haplotypes. Since most of the isolates studied were from onychomycoses (nearly 90 %), we carried out an epidemiological study to determine the risk factors associated with such infections. Five phylogenetic species of the Fusarium solani species complex (FSSC), i.e., F. falciforme, F. keratoplasticum, F. lichenicola, F. petroliphilum, and FSSC 6 as well as two of the Fusarium oxysporum species complex (FOSC), i.e., FOSC 3 and FOSC 4, were identified. The most prevalent species were FOSC 3 (38.2%) followed by F. keratoplasticum (33.7%). In addition, our isolates were distributed into 23 haplotypes (14 into FOSC and nine into FSSC). Two of the FSSC phylogenetic species and two haplotypes of FSSC were not described before. Our results demonstrate that recipients of pedicure treatments have a lower probability of acquiring onychomycosis than those not receiving such treatments. The antifungal susceptibility of all the isolates to five clinically available agents showed that amphotericin B was the most active drug, while the azoles exhibited lower in vitro activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marcela Guevara-Suarez
- Laboratorio de Micología y Fitopatología, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Los Andes, Carrera 1 No 18A-10, Bogotá, Colombia.,Unitat de Micología, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut and IISPV, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Tarragona, Spain
| | - José Francisco Cano-Lira
- Unitat de Micología, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut and IISPV, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Tarragona, Spain
| | - María Caridad Cepero de García
- Laboratorio de Micología y Fitopatología, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Los Andes, Carrera 1 No 18A-10, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Leticia Sopo
- Laboratorio Especializado de Micología Médica (LEMM), Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Catalina De Bedout
- Grupo de Micología Médica y Experimental, Corporación para Investigaciones Biológicas (CIB), Medellín, Colombia
| | - Luz Elena Cano
- Escuela de Microbiología, Universidad de Antioquia (UdeA), Medellín, Colombia
| | - Ana María García
- Unidad de Biología Celular y Molecular, Corporación para Investigaciones Biológicas (CIB), Medellín, Colombia
| | - Adriana Motta
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad El Bosque, Bogotá, Colombia.,Hospital Simón Bolívar, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Adolfo Amézquita
- Grupo de Ecofisiología, Comportamiento y Herpetología (GECOH), Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Martha Cárdenas
- Laboratorio de Micología y Fitopatología, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Los Andes, Carrera 1 No 18A-10, Bogotá, Colombia
| | | | - Josep Guarro
- Unitat de Micología, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut and IISPV, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Silvia Restrepo
- Laboratorio de Micología y Fitopatología, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Los Andes, Carrera 1 No 18A-10, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Adriana Celis
- Laboratorio de Micología y Fitopatología, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Los Andes, Carrera 1 No 18A-10, Bogotá, Colombia.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Short DPG, O'Donnell K, Geiser DM. Clonality, recombination, and hybridization in the plumbing-inhabiting human pathogen Fusarium keratoplasticum inferred from multilocus sequence typing. BMC Evol Biol 2014; 14:91. [PMID: 24766947 PMCID: PMC4026394 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2148-14-91] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2014] [Accepted: 04/16/2014] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Recent work has shown that Fusarium species and genotypes most commonly associated with human infections, particularly of the cornea (mycotic keratitis), are the same as those most commonly isolated from plumbing systems. The species most dominant in plumbing biofilms is Fusarium keratoplasticum, a cosmopolitan fungus known almost exclusively from animal infections and biofilms. To better understand its diversity and population dynamics, we developed and utilized a nine-locus sequence-based typing system to make inferences about clonality, recombination, population structure, species boundaries and hybridization. Results High levels of genetic diversity and evidence for recombination and clonality were detected among 75 clinical and 156 environmental isolates of Fusarium keratoplasticum. The multilocus sequence typing system (MLST) resolved 111 unique nine-locus sequence types (STs). The single locus bifactorial determinants of mating compatibility (mating types MAT1-1 and MAT1-2), were found in a ratio of 70:30. All but one of the 49 isolates of the most common ST (FSSC 2d-2) came from human infections, mostly of the cornea, and from biofilms associated with contact lenses and plumbing surfaces. Significant levels of phylogenetic incongruence were found among loci. Putative clonal relationships among genotypes were estimated, showing a mixture of large clonal complexes and unrelated singletons. Discordance between the nuclear ribosomal rRNA and other gene genealogies is consistent with introgression of ribosomal RNA alleles of phylogenetic species FSSC 9 into F. keratoplasticum. No significant population subdivision based on clinical versus non-clinical sources was found. Conclusions Incongruent phylogenetic trees and the presence of both mating types within otherwise identical STs were observed, providing evidence for sexuality in F. keratoplasticum. Cryptic speciation suggested in a published three-locus MLST system was not supported with the addition of new loci, but evidence of introgression of ribosomal RNA genes from another strongly supported phylogenetic species (FSSC 9), also known from plumbing systems and human infections, was detected in two isolates. Overall, F. keratoplasticum is a diverse and geographically unstructured species with a mixed clonal and recombinant life history.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dylan P G Short
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of California, Davis, 1636 E Alisal St,, Salinas, CA 93905, USA.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Short DPG, O'Donnell K, Zhang N, Juba JH, Geiser DM. Widespread occurrence of diverse human pathogenic types of the fungus Fusarium detected in plumbing drains. J Clin Microbiol 2011; 49:4264-72. [PMID: 21976755 PMCID: PMC3232942 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.05468-11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2011] [Accepted: 09/23/2011] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
It has been proposed that plumbing systems might serve as a significant environmental reservoir of human-pathogenic isolates of Fusarium. We tested this hypothesis by performing the first extensive multilocus sequence typing (MLST) survey of plumbing drain-associated Fusarium isolates and comparing the diversity observed to the known diversity of clinical Fusarium isolates. We sampled 471 drains, mostly in bathroom sinks, from 131 buildings in the United States using a swabbing method. We found that 66% of sinks and 80% of buildings surveyed yielded at least one Fusarium culture. A total of 297 isolates of Fusarium collected were subjected to MLST to identify the phylogenetic species and sequence types (STs) of these isolates. Our survey revealed that the six most common STs in sinks were identical to the six most frequently associated with human infections. We speculate that the most prevalent STs, by virtue of their ability to form and grow in biofilms, are well adapted to plumbing systems. Six major Fusarium STs were frequently isolated from plumbing drains within a broad geographic area and were identical to STs frequently associated with human infections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dylan P G Short
- Department of Plant Pathology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Coleman JJ, Muhammed M, Kasperkovitz PV, Vyas JM, Mylonakis E. Fusarium pathogenesis investigated using Galleria mellonella as a heterologous host. Fungal Biol 2011; 115:1279-89. [PMID: 22115447 DOI: 10.1016/j.funbio.2011.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2011] [Revised: 09/21/2011] [Accepted: 09/22/2011] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
Members of the fungal genus Fusarium are capable of manifesting in a multitude of clinical infections, most commonly in immunocompromised patients. In order to better understand the interaction between the fungus and host, we have developed the larvae of the greater wax moth, Galleria mellonella, as a heterologous host for fusaria. When conidia are injected into the haemocoel of this Lepidopteran system, both clinical and environmental isolates of the fungus are able to kill the larvae at 37 °C, although killing occurs more rapidly when incubated at 30 °C. This killing was dependent on several other factors besides temperature, including the Fusarium strain, the number of conidia injected, and the conidia morphology, where macroconidia are more virulent than their microconidia counterpart. There was a correlation in the killing rate of Fusarium spp. when evaluated in G. mellonella and a murine model. In vivo studies indicated G. mellonella haemocytes were capable of initially phagocytosing both conidial morphologies. The G. mellonella system was also used to evaluate antifungal agents, and amphotericin B was able to confer a significant increase in survival to Fusarium-infected larvae. The G. mellonella-Fusarium pathogenicity system revealed that virulence of Fusarium spp. is similar, regardless of the origin of the isolate, and that mammalian endothermy is a major deterrent for Fusarium infection and therefore provides a suitable alternative to mammalian models to investigate the interaction between the host and this increasingly important fungal pathogen.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey J Coleman
- Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Division of Infectious Diseases, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|