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Guerrero-Peña L, Suarez-Bregua P, Sánchez-Ruiloba L, Méndez-Martínez L, García-Fernández P, Tur R, Tena JJ, Rotllant J. Unraveling the transcriptomic landscape of eye migration and visual adaptations during flatfish metamorphosis. Commun Biol 2024; 7:253. [PMID: 38429383 PMCID: PMC10907633 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-05951-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Flatfish undergo a remarkable metamorphosis from symmetrical pelagic larvae to fully asymmetrical benthic juveniles. The most distinctive features of this transformation is the migration of one eye. The molecular role of thyroid hormone in the metamorphosis process in flatfishes is well established. However, the regulatory network that facilitates eye movement remains enigmatic. This paper presents a morphological investigation of the metamorphic process in turbot eyes, using advanced imaging techniques and a global view of gene expression. The study covers migrant and non-migrant eyes and aims to identify the genes that are active during ocular migration. Our transcriptomic analysis shows a significant up-regulation of immune-related genes. The analysis of eye-specific genes reveals distinct patterns during the metamorphic process. Myosin is highlighted in the non-migrant eye, while ependymin is highlighted in the migrant eye, possibly involved in optic nerve regeneration. Furthermore, a potential association between the alx3 gene and cranial restructuring has been identified. Additionally, it confirmed simultaneous adaptation to low light in both eyes, as described by changes in opsins expression during the metamorphic process. The study also revealed that ocular migration activates systems asynchronously in both eyes, providing insight into multifaceted reorganization processes during metamorphosis of flatfish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Guerrero-Peña
- Aquatic Biotechnology Lab., Institute of Marine Research, Spanish National Research Council (IIM-CSIC), 36208, Vigo, Spain
| | - Paula Suarez-Bregua
- Aquatic Biotechnology Lab., Institute of Marine Research, Spanish National Research Council (IIM-CSIC), 36208, Vigo, Spain
| | - Lucía Sánchez-Ruiloba
- Institute of Marine Research, Spanish National Research Council (IIM-CSIC), 36208, Vigo, Spain
| | - Luis Méndez-Martínez
- Aquatic Biotechnology Lab., Institute of Marine Research, Spanish National Research Council (IIM-CSIC), 36208, Vigo, Spain
| | | | - Ricardo Tur
- Nueva Pescanova Biomarine Center, S.L., 36980, O Grove, Spain
| | - Juan J Tena
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo (CABD), CSIC-Universidad Pablo de Olavide, 41013, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Josep Rotllant
- Aquatic Biotechnology Lab., Institute of Marine Research, Spanish National Research Council (IIM-CSIC), 36208, Vigo, Spain.
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Si Y, Li H, Gong X, Bao B. Isolation of prolactin gene and its differential expression during metamorphosis involving eye migration of Japanese flounder Paralichthys olivaceus. Gene 2021; 780:145522. [PMID: 33631243 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2021.145522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Revised: 12/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Eye migration during flatfish metamorphosis is driven by asymmetrical cell proliferation. To figure out Prolactin (PRL) function in this process, the full-length cDNA of prl was cloned from Japanese flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) in our study. The deduced PRL protein shares highly conserved sequence with other teleosts, but has several amino acids loss compared with higher vertebrates, including amphibians, reptiles, avian and mammals. Spatio-temporal expression of prl gene displayed its extensive expression in the early development stages, while the limited expression of prl was observed in the pituitary, brain, and intestine of adult fish. In situ hybridization showed the asymmetrical distribution patterns of prl gene around the eyes during metamorphosis, which was coincident with the cell proliferation signals. Colchicine inhibited cell proliferation and reduced the prl gene expression, which indicates that PRL was involved in cell proliferation in the suborbital area of the migrating eye. The treatment of methimazole and 9-cis-retinoic acid respectively led to a reduction in the number of proliferating cells and the downregulation of prl expression, suggesting PRL was regulated by thyroid hormone signaling pathway and retinoic acid related signaling pathways. The results gave us a basic understanding of PRL function during flatfish metamorphosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufeng Si
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources (Shanghai Ocean University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai 201306, China; International Research Center for Marine Biosciences at Shanghai Ocean University, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai 201306, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Hui Li
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources (Shanghai Ocean University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai 201306, China; International Research Center for Marine Biosciences at Shanghai Ocean University, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai 201306, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Xiaoling Gong
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources (Shanghai Ocean University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai 201306, China; International Research Center for Marine Biosciences at Shanghai Ocean University, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai 201306, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China.
| | - Baolong Bao
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources (Shanghai Ocean University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai 201306, China; International Research Center for Marine Biosciences at Shanghai Ocean University, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai 201306, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China.
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Camacho J, Heyde A, Bhullar BAS, Haelewaters D, Simmons NB, Abzhanov A. Peramorphosis, an evolutionary developmental mechanism in neotropical bat skull diversity. Dev Dyn 2019; 248:1129-1143. [PMID: 31348570 DOI: 10.1002/dvdy.90] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Revised: 06/06/2019] [Accepted: 07/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The neotropical leaf-nosed bats (Chiroptera, Phyllostomidae) are an ecologically diverse group of mammals with distinctive morphological adaptations associated with specialized modes of feeding. The dramatic skull shape changes between related species result from changes in the craniofacial development process, which brings into focus the nature of the underlying evolutionary developmental processes. RESULTS In this study, we use three-dimensional geometric morphometrics to describe, quantify, and compare morphological modifications unfolding during evolution and development of phyllostomid bats. We examine how changes in development of the cranium may contribute to the evolution of the bat craniofacial skeleton. Comparisons of ontogenetic trajectories to evolutionary trajectories reveal two separate evolutionary developmental growth processes contributing to modifications in skull morphogenesis: acceleration and hypermorphosis. CONCLUSION These findings are consistent with a role for peramorphosis, a form of heterochrony, in the evolution of bat dietary specialists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmin Camacho
- Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Alexander Heyde
- Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Bhart-Anjan S Bhullar
- Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts.,Department of Geology and Geophysics, Yale Peabody Museum of Natural History, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Danny Haelewaters
- Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Nancy B Simmons
- Department of Mammalogy, Division of Vertebrate Zoology, American Museum of Natural History, New York, New York
| | - Arhat Abzhanov
- Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts
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Sole head transcriptomics reveals a coordinated developmental program during metamorphosis. Genomics 2019; 112:592-602. [PMID: 31071460 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2019.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2018] [Revised: 03/07/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Most teleosts undergo a thyroid hormone (TH) regulated larval to juvenile transition known as metamorphosis. In Pleuronectiformes (flatfish), metamorphosis is most dramatic, and one eye of the symmetric pelagic larvae migrates to the opposite side of the head, giving rise to an asymmetric benthic juvenile with both eyes on the same side of the body. Asymmetric development occurs mostly in the head. To understand the genetic mechanisms underlying this developmental change we have generated a Solea senegalensis metamorphosing flatfish head transcriptome. Our results reveal that THs acting as integrative factors direct a stepwise genetic program that initiates a specific organismal level response followed by cell specific responses that lead to the long-term changes that characterise the post-metamorphic identity and physiology of the head. Flatfish head asymmetric development during metamorphosis and its TH dependency is conserved thus we consider the findings in sole most likely representative of all flatfish species.
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Campinho MA. Teleost Metamorphosis: The Role of Thyroid Hormone. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2019; 10:383. [PMID: 31258515 PMCID: PMC6587363 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2019.00383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In most teleosts, metamorphosis encompasses a dramatic post-natal developmental process where the free-swimming larvae undergo a series of morphological, cellular and physiological changes that enable the larvae to become a fully formed, albeit sexually immature, juvenile fish. In all teleosts studied to date thyroid hormones (TH) drive metamorphosis, being the necessary and sufficient factors behind this developmental transition. During metamorphosis, negative regulation of thyrotropin by thyroxine (T4) is relaxed allowing higher whole-body levels of T4 that enable specific responses at the tissue/cellular level. Higher local thyroid cellular signaling leads to cell-specific responses that bring about localized developmental events. TH orchestrate in a spatial-temporal manner all local developmental changes so that in the end a fully functional organism arises. In bilateral teleost species, the most evident metamorphic morphological change underlies a transition to a more streamlined body. In the pleuronectiform lineage (flatfishes), these metamorphic morphological changes are more dramatic. The most evident is the migration of one eye to the opposite side of the head and the symmetric pelagic larva development into an asymmetric benthic juvenile. This transition encompasses a dramatic loss of the embryonic derived dorsal-ventral and left-right axis. The embryonic dorsal-ventral axis becomes the left-right axis, whereas the embryonic left-right axis becomes, irrespectively, the dorsal-ventral axis of the juvenile animal. This event is an unparalleled morphological change in vertebrate development and a remarkable display of the capacity of TH-signaling in shaping adaptation and evolution in teleosts. Notwithstanding all this knowledge, there are still fundamental questions in teleost metamorphosis left unanswered: how the central regulation of metamorphosis is achieved and the neuroendocrine network involved is unclear; the detailed cellular and molecular events that give rise to the developmental processes occurring during teleost metamorphosis are still mostly unknown. Also in flatfish, comparatively little is still known about the developmental processes behind asymmetric development. This review summarizes the current knowledge on teleost metamorphosis and explores the gaps that still need to be challenged.
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6
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Jia Y. Roles of insulin-like growth factors in metamorphic development of turbot (Scophthalmus maximus). Gen Comp Endocrinol 2018; 265:61-63. [PMID: 29409593 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2018.01.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2017] [Revised: 01/28/2018] [Accepted: 01/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Larval turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) undergo metamorphosis, a late post-embryonic developmental event that precedes juvenile transition. Insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) are important endocrine/autocrine/paracrine factors that provide essential signals to control of the embryonic and postnatal development of vertebrate species, including fish. Accumulating evidence suggests that IGFs are involved in regulating the metamorphic development of flatfish. This mini review focus on the functions of all known IGFs (IGF-I and IGF-II) during the metamorphic development of turbot. Information about IGFs and insulin-like growth factors binding proteins (IGFBPs) from other teleosts is also included in this review to provide an overview of IGFs functions in the metamorphic development of turbot. These findings may enhance our understanding of the potential roles of the IGFs system in controlling of flatfish metamorphosis and contributing to the improvement of broodstock management strategies for larval turbot.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yudong Jia
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao Key Laboratory for Marine Fish Breeding and Biotechnology, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China.
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7
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Campinho MA, Silva N, Martins GG, Anjos L, Florindo C, Roman-Padilla J, Garcia-Cegarra A, Louro B, Manchado M, Power DM. A thyroid hormone regulated asymmetric responsive centre is correlated with eye migration during flatfish metamorphosis. Sci Rep 2018; 8:12267. [PMID: 30115956 PMCID: PMC6095868 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-29957-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2017] [Accepted: 07/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Flatfish metamorphosis is a unique post-embryonic developmental event in which thyroid hormones (THs) drive the development of symmetric pelagic larva into asymmetric benthic juveniles. One of the eyes migrates to join the other eye on the opposite side of the head. Developmental mechanisms at the basis of the acquisition of flatfish anatomical asymmetry remain an open question. Here we demonstrate that an TH responsive asymmetric centre, determined by deiodinase 2 expression, ventrally juxtaposed to the migrating eye in sole (Solea senegalensis) correlates with asymmetric cranial ossification that in turn drives eye migration. Besides skin pigmentation that is asymmetric between dorsal and ventral sides, only the most anterior head region delimited by the eyes becomes asymmetric whereas the remainder of the head and organs therein stay symmetric. Sub-ocular ossification is common to all flatfish analysed to date, so we propose that this newly discovered mechanism is universal and is associated with eye migration in all flatfish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco A Campinho
- Comparative Endocrinology and Integrative Biology Group, CCMAR, Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal.
| | - Nádia Silva
- Comparative Endocrinology and Integrative Biology Group, CCMAR, Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal
| | - Gabriel G Martins
- Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Rua da Quinta Grande, 6, 2780-156, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Liliana Anjos
- Comparative Endocrinology and Integrative Biology Group, CCMAR, Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal
| | - Claudia Florindo
- CBMR, Centre for Biomedical Research, Departamento de Ciências Biomedicas e Medicina, Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal
| | - Javier Roman-Padilla
- Comparative Endocrinology and Integrative Biology Group, CCMAR, Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal.,IFAPA Centro El Toruño, 11500 El Puerto de Santa Maria, Cádiz, Spain
| | - Ana Garcia-Cegarra
- Comparative Endocrinology and Integrative Biology Group, CCMAR, Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal.,Universidad de Antofagasta, Antofagasta, Chile
| | - Bruno Louro
- Comparative Endocrinology and Integrative Biology Group, CCMAR, Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal
| | - Manuel Manchado
- IFAPA Centro El Toruño, 11500 El Puerto de Santa Maria, Cádiz, Spain
| | - Deborah M Power
- Comparative Endocrinology and Integrative Biology Group, CCMAR, Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal
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8
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Meng Z, Hu P, Lei J, Jia Y. Expression of insulin-like growth factors at mRNA levels during the metamorphic development of turbot (Scophthalmus maximus). Gen Comp Endocrinol 2016; 235:11-17. [PMID: 27255364 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2016.05.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2015] [Revised: 05/18/2016] [Accepted: 05/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Insulin-like growth factors I and II (IGF-I and IGF-II) are important regulators of vertebrate growth and development. This study characterized the mRNA expressions of igf-i and igf-ii during turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) metamorphosis to elucidate the possible regulatory role of the IGF system in flatfish metamorphosis. Results showed that the mRNA levels of igf-i significantly increased at the early-metamorphosis stage and then gradually decreased until metamorphosis was completed. By contrast, mRNA levels of igf-ii significantly increased at the pre-metamorphosis stage and then substantially decreased during metamorphosis. Meanwhile, the whole-body thyroxine (T4) levels varied during larval metamorphosis, and the highest value was observed in the climax-metamorphosis. The mRNA levels of igf-i significantly increased and decreased by T4 and thiourea (TU, inhibitor of endogenous thyroid hormone) during metamorphosis, respectively. Conversely, the mRNA levels of igf-ii remained unchanged. Furthermore, TU significantly inhibited the T4-induced mRNA up-regulation of igf-i during metamorphosis. The whole-body thyroxine (T4) levels were significantly increased and decreased by T4 and TU during metamorphosis, respectively. These results suggested that igf-i and igf-ii may play different functional roles in larval development stages, and igf-i may have a crucial function in regulating the early metamorphic development of turbot. These findings may enhance our understanding of the potential roles of the IGF system to control flatfish metamorphosis and contribute to the improvement of broodstock management for larvae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Meng
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao Key Laboratory for Marine Fish Breeding and Biotechnology, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Peng Hu
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao Key Laboratory for Marine Fish Breeding and Biotechnology, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Jilin Lei
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao Key Laboratory for Marine Fish Breeding and Biotechnology, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Yudong Jia
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao Key Laboratory for Marine Fish Breeding and Biotechnology, Qingdao 266071, China.
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9
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Torres-Núñez E, Suarez-Bregua P, Cal L, Cal R, Cerdá-Reverter JM, Rotllant J. Molecular cloning and characterization of the matricellular protein Sparc/osteonectin in flatfish, Scophthalmus maximus, and its developmental stage-dependent transcriptional regulation during metamorphosis. Gene 2015; 568:129-39. [PMID: 25981593 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2015.05.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2014] [Revised: 05/11/2015] [Accepted: 05/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
SPARC/osteonectin is a multifunctional matricellular glycoprotein, which is expressed in embryonic and adult tissues that undergo active proliferation and dynamic morphogenesis. Recent studies indicate that Sparc expression appears early in development, although its function and regulation during development are largely unknown. In this report, we describe the isolation, characterization, post-embryonic developmental expression and environmental thermal regulation of sparc in turbot. The full-length turbot sparc cDNA contains 930 bp and encodes a protein of 310 amino acids, which shares 77, 75 and 80% identity with human, frog and zebrafish, respectively. Results of whole-mount in situ hybridization reveal a dynamic expression profile during post-embryonic turbot development. Sparc is expressed differentially in the cranioencephalic region; mainly in jaws, branchial arches, fin folds and rays of caudal, dorsal and anal fins. Furthermore, ontogenetic studies demonstrated that Sparc gene expression is dynamically regulated during post-embryonic turbot development, with high expression during stage-specific post-embryonic remodeling. Additionally, the effect of thermal environmental conditions on turbot development and on ontogenetic sparc expression was evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Torres-Núñez
- Aquatic Molecular Pathobiology Group, Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC), Vigo, Spain
| | - P Suarez-Bregua
- Aquatic Molecular Pathobiology Group, Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC), Vigo, Spain
| | - L Cal
- Aquatic Molecular Pathobiology Group, Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC), Vigo, Spain
| | - R Cal
- Instituto Español de Oceanografia (IEO), Vigo, Spain
| | - J M Cerdá-Reverter
- Control of Food Intake Group, Department of Fish Physiology and Biotechnology, Instituto de Acuicultura de Torre de la Sal (IATS-CSIC), Castellón, Spain
| | - J Rotllant
- Aquatic Molecular Pathobiology Group, Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC), Vigo, Spain.
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10
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Sun M, Wei F, Li H, Xu J, Chen X, Gong X, Tian Y, Chen S, Bao B. Distortion of frontal bones results from cell apoptosis by the mechanical force from the up-migrating eye during metamorphosis in Paralichthys olivaceus. Mech Dev 2015; 136:87-98. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mod.2015.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2014] [Revised: 01/15/2015] [Accepted: 01/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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12
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Ribeiro ARA, Ribeiro L, Sæle O, Dinis MT, Moren M. Iodine and selenium supplementation increased survival and changed thyroid hormone status in Senegalese sole (Solea senegalensis) larvae reared in a recirculation system. FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2012; 38:725-34. [PMID: 21932022 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-011-9554-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2011] [Accepted: 08/25/2011] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
To test how iodine and both iodine and selenium supplementation affected the thyroid status as well as growth and survival in Senegalese sole, larvae were reared in a recirculation system from 15 to 34 DAH. Sets of three tanks were assigned to each of the following three diets: control (C), iodine (I) and iodine and selenium (I + Se). Samples were collected at 15, 27 and 34 DAH to determine dry weight, iodine and selenium levels, GPx and ORD activities, thyroid hormone levels and thyroid follicles histology. At 34 DAH, fish from the control (C) treatment suffered from hyperplasia of the thyroid follicles (goitre), whereas iodine-treated larvae did not (I and I + Se). Lower survival rates in the C groups were probably a consequence of the hyperplasia. Moreover, there was an improvement in thyroid hormone status in I- and I + Se-treated larvae, showing that further supplementation of live feed with iodine can be crucial for fish at early life stages, as it seems to sustain normal larval development, when reared in a recirculation system. Selenium did not affect the results. Together with previous results, this indicates selenium supplement is more important at younger life stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- A R A Ribeiro
- CCMAR-Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, Faro, Portugal.
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13
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Cloutier R, Lambrey de Souza J, Browman HI, Skiftesvik AB. Early ontogeny of the Atlantic halibut Hippoglossus hippoglossus head. JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY 2011; 78:1035-1053. [PMID: 21463306 DOI: 10.1111/j.1095-8649.2011.02908.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
An ontogenetic sequence of Atlantic halibut Hippoglossus hippoglossus larvae, reared in intensive culture conditions, was cleared and stained and histologically processed to determine normal cranial chondrification for specimens ranging from 0 to 41 days post-hatch (dph). Twenty-six cranial cartilaginous structures were described, at daily intervals post-hatch. The ontogenetic trajectory, composed of alternating steps and thresholds, was interpreted as saltatory. In comparison with other flatfishes, H. hippoglossus exhibits delayed onset of chondrification. From 9 dph onwards, the ontogenetic trajectory resembles more than that of the turbot Psetta maxima than that of the common sole Solea solea or the summer flounder Paralichthys dentatus and winter flounder Pseudopleuronectes americanus. Hippoglossus hippoglossus with the gaping-jaw malformation, common in intensively cultured individuals of this species, were examined histologically. The reason larvae cannot close their mouth, as their yolk-sac resorbs, seems to be related to the fusion of the interhyal to the hyosymplectic and ceratohyal with which it is normally articulated.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Cloutier
- Département de Biologie, Université du Québec à Rimouski, 300 Allée des Ursulines, Rimouski, Québec, G5L 3A1 Canada.
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14
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Bao B, Ke Z, Xing J, Peatman E, Liu Z, Xie C, Xu B, Gai J, Gong X, Yang G, Jiang Y, Tang W, Ren D. Proliferating cells in suborbital tissue drive eye migration in flatfish. Dev Biol 2011; 351:200-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2010.12.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2010] [Revised: 12/14/2010] [Accepted: 12/18/2010] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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15
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Andersen Ø, Dahle SW, van Nes S, Bardal T, Tooming-Klunderud A, Kjørsvik E, Galloway TF. Differential spatio-temporal expression and functional diversification of the myogenic regulatory factors MyoD1 and MyoD2 in Atlantic halibut (Hippoglossus hippoglossus). Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol 2009; 154:93-101. [PMID: 19454321 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2009.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2009] [Revised: 04/30/2009] [Accepted: 05/11/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Development of the vertebrate skeletal muscle is orchestrated by the myogenic regulatory factors MyoD, Myf5, myogenin and MRF4, which likely arose from the duplications of a single ancestral gene early in vertebrate evolution. We have isolated two myod genes from Atlantic halibut and examined their differential expression during embryogenesis using quantitative PCR and in situ hybridization to address their functional roles in this asymmetrically organized flatfish. myod1 was initially maternally expressed, while myod2 mRNA was first detectable during gastrulation. The myod1 mRNA levels predominated throughout somitogenesis, and both slow and fast muscle precursor cells displayed the bilateral symmetric myod1 signal during the formation of the symmetric somite pairs. In contrast, myod2 was left-right asymmetrically expressed in the fast muscle precursors. The random expression of myod2 was not associated with the right-sided eye migration and the development of thicker fast skeletal muscle on the eyed side than on the blind side. The nucleotide substitution analysis indicated that the teleost MyoDs essentially have evolved under purifying selection, but a subset of amino acid sites under strong positive selection were identified in the MyoD2 branch. Altogether, halibut MyoD1 seems to have retained the central role of MyoD in driving skeletal myogenesis, whereas the function of MyoD2 is uncertain in this flatfish species.
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Power DM, Einarsdóttir IE, Pittman K, Sweeney GE, Hildahl J, Campinho MA, Silva N, Sæle Ø, Galay-Burgos M, Smáradóttir H, Björnsson BT. The Molecular and Endocrine Basis of Flatfish Metamorphosis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1080/10641260802325377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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17
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Involvement of growth hormone-insulin-like growth factor I system in cranial remodeling during halibut metamorphosis as indicated by tissue- and stage-specific receptor gene expression and the presence of growth hormone receptor protein. Cell Tissue Res 2008; 332:211-25. [DOI: 10.1007/s00441-007-0568-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2007] [Accepted: 12/19/2007] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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