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da C. Pinaffi-Langley AC, Melia E, Hays FA. Exploring the Gut-Mitochondrial Axis: p66Shc Adapter Protein and Its Implications for Metabolic Disorders. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:3656. [PMID: 38612468 PMCID: PMC11011581 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25073656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2024] [Revised: 03/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
This review investigates the multifaceted role of the p66Shc adaptor protein and the gut microbiota in regulating mitochondrial function and oxidative stress, and their collective impact on the pathogenesis of chronic diseases. The study delves into the molecular mechanisms by which p66Shc influences cellular stress responses through Rac1 activation, Forkhead-type transcription factors inactivation, and mitochondria-mediated apoptosis, alongside modulatory effects of gut microbiota-derived metabolites and endotoxins. Employing an integrative approach, the review synthesizes findings from a broad array of studies, including molecular biology techniques and analyses of microbial metabolites' impacts on host cellular pathways. The results underscore a complex interplay between microbial metabolites, p66Shc activation, and mitochondrial dysfunction, highlighting the significance of the gut microbiome in influencing disease outcomes through oxidative stress pathways. Conclusively, the review posits that targeting the gut microbiota-p66Shc-mitochondrial axis could offer novel therapeutic strategies for mitigating the development and progression of metabolic diseases. This underscores the potential of dietary interventions and microbiota modulation in managing oxidative stress and inflammation, pivotal factors in chronic disease etiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Clara da C. Pinaffi-Langley
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, College of Allied Health, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences, Oklahoma City, OK 73117, USA; (A.C.d.C.P.-L.); (E.M.)
| | - Elizabeth Melia
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, College of Allied Health, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences, Oklahoma City, OK 73117, USA; (A.C.d.C.P.-L.); (E.M.)
| | - Franklin A. Hays
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, College of Allied Health, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences, Oklahoma City, OK 73117, USA; (A.C.d.C.P.-L.); (E.M.)
- Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences, Oklahoma City, OK 73117, USA
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2
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Biondi G, Marrano N, Borrelli A, Rella M, D’Oria R, Genchi VA, Caccioppoli C, Cignarelli A, Perrini S, Laviola L, Giorgino F, Natalicchio A. The p66 Shc Redox Protein and the Emerging Complications of Diabetes. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 25:108. [PMID: 38203279 PMCID: PMC10778847 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disease, the prevalence of which is constantly increasing worldwide. It is often burdened by disabling comorbidities that reduce the quality and expectancy of life of the affected individuals. The traditional complications of diabetes are generally described as macrovascular complications (e.g., coronary heart disease, peripheral arterial disease, and stroke), and microvascular complications (e.g., diabetic kidney disease, retinopathy, and neuropathy). Recently, due to advances in diabetes management and the increased life expectancy of diabetic patients, a strong correlation between diabetes and other pathological conditions (such as liver diseases, cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, cognitive impairments, and sleep disorders) has emerged. Therefore, these comorbidities have been proposed as emerging complications of diabetes. P66Shc is a redox protein that plays a role in oxidative stress, apoptosis, glucose metabolism, and cellular aging. It can be regulated by various stressful stimuli typical of the diabetic milieu and is involved in various types of organ and tissue damage under diabetic conditions. Although its role in the pathogenesis of diabetes remains controversial, there is strong evidence regarding the involvement of p66Shc in the traditional complications of diabetes. In this review, we will summarize the evidence supporting the role of p66Shc in the pathogenesis of diabetes and its complications, focusing for the first time on the emerging complications of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Francesco Giorgino
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area, Section of Internal Medicine, Endocrinology, Andrology and Metabolic Diseases, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy (M.R.); (R.D.); (V.A.G.)
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3
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Perry BW, Armstrong EE, Robbins CT, Jansen HT, Kelley JL. Temporal Analysis of Gene Expression and Isoform Switching in Brown Bears (Ursus arctos). Integr Comp Biol 2022; 62:1802-1811. [PMID: 35709393 DOI: 10.1093/icb/icac093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Hibernation in brown bears is an annual process involving multiple physiologically distinct seasons-hibernation, active, and hyperphagia. While recent studies have characterized broad patterns of differential gene regulation and isoform usage between hibernation and active seasons, patterns of gene and isoform expression during hyperphagia remain relatively poorly understood. The hyperphagia stage occurs between active and hibernation seasons and involves the accumulation of large fat reserves in preparation for hibernation. Here, we use time-series analyses of gene expression and isoform usage to interrogate transcriptomic regulation associated with all three seasons. We identify a large number of genes with significant differential isoform usage (DIU) across seasons and show that these patterns of isoform usage are largely tissue-specific. We also show that DIU and differential gene-level expression responses are generally non-overlapping, with only a small subset of multi-isoform genes showing evidence of both gene-level expression changes and changes in isoform usage across seasons. Additionally, we investigate nuanced regulation of candidate genes involved in the insulin signaling pathway and find evidence of hyperphagia-specific gene expression and isoform regulation that may enhance fat accumulation during hyperphagia. Our findings highlight the value of using temporal analyses of both gene- and isoform-level gene expression when interrogating complex physiological phenotypes and provide new insight into the mechanisms underlying seasonal changes in bear physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blair W Perry
- School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA
| | - Ellie E Armstrong
- School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA
| | - Charles T Robbins
- School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA.,School of the Environment, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA
| | | | - Joanna L Kelley
- School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA
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Malaguarnera R, Gabriele C, Santamaria G, Giuliano M, Vella V, Massimino M, Vigneri P, Cuda G, Gaspari M, Belfiore A. Comparative proteomic analysis of insulin receptor isoform A and B signaling. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2022; 557:111739. [PMID: 35940390 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2022.111739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The insulin receptor (IR) gene undergoes differential splicing generating two IR isoforms, IR-A and IR-B. The roles of IR-A in cancer and of IR-B in metabolic regulation are well known but the molecular mechanisms responsible for their different biological effects are poorly understood. We aimed to identify different or similar protein substrates and signaling linked to each IR isoforms. We employed mouse fibroblasts lacking IGF1R gene and expressing exclusively either IR-A or IR-B. By proteomic analysis a total of 2530 proteins were identified and quantified. Proteins and pathways mostly associated with insulin-activated IR-A were involved in cancer, stemness and interferon signaling. Instead, proteins and pathways associated with insulin-stimulated IR-B-expressing cells were mostly involved in metabolic or tumor suppressive functions. These results show that IR-A and IR-B recruit partially different multiprotein complexes in response to insulin, suggesting partially different functions of IR isoforms in physiology and in disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Caterina Gabriele
- Research Centre for Advanced Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, "Magna Græcia" University of Catanzaro, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy.
| | - Gianluca Santamaria
- Research Centre for Advanced Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, "Magna Græcia" University of Catanzaro, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy; Klinikum rechts der Isar, Department of Medicine and Molecular Cardiology, Technical University of Munich, Germany.
| | - Marika Giuliano
- Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Garibaldi-Nesima Hospital, 95122, Catania, Italy.
| | - Veronica Vella
- Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Garibaldi-Nesima Hospital, 95122, Catania, Italy.
| | - Michele Massimino
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Oncology Unit, University of Catania, 95100, Catania, Italy.
| | - Paolo Vigneri
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Oncology Unit, University of Catania, 95100, Catania, Italy.
| | - Giovanni Cuda
- Research Centre for Advanced Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, "Magna Græcia" University of Catanzaro, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy.
| | - Marco Gaspari
- Research Centre for Advanced Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, "Magna Græcia" University of Catanzaro, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy.
| | - Antonino Belfiore
- Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Garibaldi-Nesima Hospital, 95122, Catania, Italy.
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Li Y, Jiang JX, Fan W, Fish SR, Das S, Gupta P, Mozes G, Vancza L, Sarkar S, Kunimoto K, Chen D, Park H, Clemens D, Tomilov A, Cortopassi G, Török NJ. Shc Is Implicated in Calreticulin-Mediated Sterile Inflammation in Alcoholic Hepatitis. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2022; 15:197-211. [PMID: 36122677 PMCID: PMC9676381 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2022.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Src homology and collagen (Shc) proteins are major adapters to extracellular signals, however, the regulatory role of Shc isoforms in sterile inflammatory responses in alcoholic hepatitis (AH) has not been fully investigated. We hypothesized that in an isoform-specific manner Shc modulates pre-apoptotic signals, calreticulin (CRT) membrane exposure, and recruitment of inflammatory cells. METHODS Liver biopsy samples from patients with AH vs healthy subjects were studied for Shc expression using DNA microarray data and immunohistochemistry. Shc knockdown (hypomorph) and age-matched wild-type mice were pair-fed according to the chronic-plus-binge alcohol diet. To analyze hepatocyte-specific effects, adeno-associated virus 8-thyroxine binding globulin-Cre (hepatocyte-specific Shc knockout)-mediated deletion was performed in flox/flox Shc mice. Lipid peroxidation, proinflammatory signals, redox radicals, reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide/oxidized nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide ratio, as well as cleaved caspase 8, B-cell-receptor-associated protein 31 (BAP31), Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax), and Bcl-2 homologous antagonist killer (Bak), were assessed in vivo. CRT translocation was studied in ethanol-exposed p46ShcẟSH2-transfected hepatocytes by membrane biotinylation in conjunction with phosphorylated-eukaryotic initiation factor 2 alpha, BAP31, caspase 8, and Bax/Bak. The effects of idebenone, a novel Shc inhibitor, was studied in alcohol/pair-fed mice. RESULTS Shc was significantly induced in patients with AH (P < .01). Alanine aminotransferase, reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide/oxidized nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide ratios, production of redox radicals, and lipid peroxidation improved (P < .05), and interleukin 1β, monocyte chemoattractant protein 1, and C-X-C chemokine ligand 10 were reduced in Shc knockdown and hepatocyte-specific Shc knockout mice. In vivo, Shc-dependent induction, and, in hepatocytes, a p46Shc-dependent increase in pre-apoptotic proteins Bax/Bak, caspase 8, BAP31 cleavage, and membrane translocation of CRT/endoplasmic reticulum-resident protein 57 were seen. Idebenone protected against alcohol-mediated liver injury. CONCLUSIONS Alcohol induces p46Shc-dependent activation of pre-apoptotic pathways and translocation of CRT to the membrane, where it acts as a damage-associated molecular pattern, instigating immunogenicity. Shc inhibition could be a novel treatment strategy in AH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Li
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford University, VA Palo Alto, Palo Alto, California
| | - Joy X Jiang
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of California Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, California
| | - Weiguo Fan
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford University, VA Palo Alto, Palo Alto, California
| | - Sarah R Fish
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of California Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, California
| | - Suvarthi Das
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford University, VA Palo Alto, Palo Alto, California
| | - Parul Gupta
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford University, VA Palo Alto, Palo Alto, California
| | - Gergely Mozes
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford University, VA Palo Alto, Palo Alto, California
| | - Lorand Vancza
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford University, VA Palo Alto, Palo Alto, California
| | - Sutapa Sarkar
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford University, VA Palo Alto, Palo Alto, California
| | - Koshi Kunimoto
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford University, VA Palo Alto, Palo Alto, California
| | - Dongning Chen
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford University, VA Palo Alto, Palo Alto, California
| | - Hyesuk Park
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford University, VA Palo Alto, Palo Alto, California
| | - Dahn Clemens
- Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Alexey Tomilov
- Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, California
| | - Gino Cortopassi
- Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, California
| | - Natalie J Török
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford University, VA Palo Alto, Palo Alto, California.
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Haslem L, Hays JM, Hays FA. p66Shc in Cardiovascular Pathology. Cells 2022; 11:cells11111855. [PMID: 35681549 PMCID: PMC9180016 DOI: 10.3390/cells11111855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
p66Shc is a widely expressed protein that governs a variety of cardiovascular pathologies by generating, and exacerbating, pro-apoptotic ROS signals. Here, we review p66Shc’s connections to reactive oxygen species, expression, localization, and discuss p66Shc signaling and mitochondrial functions. Emphasis is placed on recent p66Shc mitochondrial function discoveries including structure/function relationships, ROS identity and regulation, mechanistic insights, and how p66Shc-cyt c interactions can influence p66Shc mitochondrial function. Based on recent findings, a new p66Shc mitochondrial function model is also put forth wherein p66Shc acts as a rheostat that can promote or antagonize apoptosis. A discussion of how the revised p66Shc model fits previous findings in p66Shc-mediated cardiovascular pathology follows.
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Affiliation(s)
- Landon Haslem
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, College of Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA; (L.H.); (J.M.H.)
| | - Jennifer M. Hays
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, College of Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA; (L.H.); (J.M.H.)
| | - Franklin A. Hays
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, College of Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA; (L.H.); (J.M.H.)
- Stephenson Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
- Harold Hamm Diabetes Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
- Correspondence:
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Mousavi S, Khazeei Tabari MA, Bagheri A, Samieefar N, Shaterian N, Kelishadi R. The Role of p66Shc in Diabetes: A Comprehensive Review from Bench to Bedside. J Diabetes Res 2022; 2022:7703520. [PMID: 36465704 PMCID: PMC9715346 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7703520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
It is well-documented that diabetes is an inflammatory and oxidative disease, with an escalating global burden. Still, there is no definite treatment for diabetes or even prevention of its harmful complications. Therefore, understanding the molecular pathways associated with diabetes might help in finding a solution. p66Shc is a member of Shc family proteins, and it is considered as an oxidative stress sensor and regulator in cells. There are inconsistent data about the role of p66Shc in inducing diabetes, but accumulating evidence supports its role in the pathogenesis of diabetes-related complications, including macro and microangiopathies. There is growing hope that by understanding and targeting molecular pathways involved in this network, prevention of diabetes or its complications would be achievable. This review provides an overview about the role of p66Shc in the development of diabetes and its complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- SeyedehFatemeh Mousavi
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- USERN Office, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Amin Khazeei Tabari
- Student Research Committee, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Mazandaran, Iran
- USERN Office, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Mazandaran, Iran
| | - Alireza Bagheri
- USERN Office, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Noosha Samieefar
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- USERN Office, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Negar Shaterian
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Iran
- USERN Office, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Iran
| | - Roya Kelishadi
- Child Growth and Development Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-Communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
- USERN Office, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-Communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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Jelinek HF, Helf C, Khalaf K. Human SHC-transforming protein 1 and its isoforms p66shc: A novel marker for prediabetes. J Diabetes Investig 2021; 12:1881-1889. [PMID: 33759377 PMCID: PMC8504898 DOI: 10.1111/jdi.13551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Prediabetes is a multifactorial condition. Current guidelines for diabetes screening recommend either the use of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), or blood glucose level (BGL). This research aimed to identify if p66shc a component of the Human SHC-Transforming Protein 1 (Shc1), a mitochondrial associated oxidative stress biomarker, is significantly altered in patients with elevated BGL. Furthermore, we evaluated if inflammatory and oxidative stress markers, such as p66shc, are a useful addition to the regularly used biomarkers to increase sensitivity for identification of prediabetes. METHODS All participants attended the Diabetic Health Screening at Charles Sturt University (CSU), Australia. The cross-sectional clinical study collected demographic and clinical variables from 346 participants and classified into control or prediabetes based on fasting BGL. Blood and urine samples were analyzed for oxidative stress and inflammation markers. Logistic regression was used to compare multidimensional diagnostic models for prediabetes, including p66shc/Shc1, to the current HbA1c-only model in terms of sensitivity, specificity and predictive accuracy. Significance was set at P ≤ 0.05. RESULTS A significant decrease of p66shc/Shc1 was determined in prediabetes compared to controls (P ≤ 0.05). HbA1c testing resulted in an accuracy of 62%, while adding p66shc and triglycerides increased predictive accuracy to 88.05%. When HbA1c was omitted and Shc1 was combined with 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) and monocyte chemo-attractant protein-1 (MCP-1), a predictive accuracy of 89.5% was achieved. CONCLUSION Our findings showed a major improvement of sensitivity to identify prediabetes by including oxidative stress and inflammatory biomarkers underlining beneficial diagnostic information, which most likely improves prevention and early treatment options in prediabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Herbert F Jelinek
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringKhalifa UniversityAbu DhabiUnited Arab Emirates
- Health Engineering Innovation CenterKhalifa UniversityAbu DhabiUnited Arab Emirates
- Biotechnology CenterKhalifa UniversityAbu DhabiUnited Arab Emirates
| | | | - Kinda Khalaf
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringKhalifa UniversityAbu DhabiUnited Arab Emirates
- Health Engineering Innovation CenterKhalifa UniversityAbu DhabiUnited Arab Emirates
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Andreadou I, Daiber A, Baxter GF, Brizzi MF, Di Lisa F, Kaludercic N, Lazou A, Varga ZV, Zuurbier CJ, Schulz R, Ferdinandy P. Influence of cardiometabolic comorbidities on myocardial function, infarction, and cardioprotection: Role of cardiac redox signaling. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 166:33-52. [PMID: 33588049 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The morbidity and mortality from cardiovascular diseases (CVD) remain high. Metabolic diseases such as obesity, hyperlipidemia, diabetes mellitus (DM), non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) as well as hypertension are the most common comorbidities in patients with CVD. These comorbidities result in increased myocardial oxidative stress, mainly from increased activity of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidases, uncoupled endothelial nitric oxide synthase, mitochondria as well as downregulation of antioxidant defense systems. Oxidative and nitrosative stress play an important role in ischemia/reperfusion injury and may account for increased susceptibility of the myocardium to infarction and myocardial dysfunction in the presence of the comorbidities. Thus, while early reperfusion represents the most favorable therapeutic strategy to prevent ischemia/reperfusion injury, redox therapeutic strategies may provide additive benefits, especially in patients with heart failure. While oxidative and nitrosative stress are harmful, controlled release of reactive oxygen species is however important for cardioprotective signaling. In this review we summarize the current data on the effect of hypertension and major cardiometabolic comorbidities such as obesity, hyperlipidemia, DM, NAFLD/NASH on cardiac redox homeostasis as well as on ischemia/reperfusion injury and cardioprotection. We also review and discuss the therapeutic interventions that may restore the redox imbalance in the diseased myocardium in the presence of these comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioanna Andreadou
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
| | - Andreas Daiber
- Department of Cardiology 1, Molecular Cardiology, University Medical Center, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany; Partner Site Rhine-Main, German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Langenbeckstr, Germany.
| | - Gary F Baxter
- Division of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cardiff University, United Kingdom
| | | | - Fabio Di Lisa
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Italy; Neuroscience Institute, National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Padova, Italy
| | - Nina Kaludercic
- Neuroscience Institute, National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Padova, Italy
| | - Antigone Lazou
- Laboratory of Animal Physiology, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, 54124, Greece
| | - Zoltán V Varga
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary; HCEMM-SU Cardiometabolic Immunology Research Group, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Coert J Zuurbier
- Laboratory of Experimental Intensive Care Anesthesiology, Department Anesthesiology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Rainer Schulz
- Institute of Physiology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany.
| | - Péter Ferdinandy
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary; Pharmahungary Group, Szeged, Hungary
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10
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Mir HA, Ali R, Mushtaq U, Khanday FA. Structure-functional implications of longevity protein p66Shc in health and disease. Ageing Res Rev 2020; 63:101139. [PMID: 32795504 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2020.101139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
ShcA (Src homologous- collagen homologue), family of adapter proteins, consists of three isoforms which integrate and transduce external stimuli to different signaling networks. ShcA family consists of p46Shc, p52Shc and p66Shc isoforms, characterized by having multiple protein-lipid and protein-protein interaction domains implying their functional diversity. Among the three isoforms p66Shc is structurally different containing an additional CH2 domain which attributes to its dual functionality in cell growth, mediating both cell proliferation and apoptosis. Besides, p66Shc is also involved in different biological processes including reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, cell migration, ageing, cytoskeletal reorganization and cell adhesion. Moreover, the interplay between p66Shc and ROS is implicated in the pathology of various dreadful diseases. Accordingly, here we discuss the recent structural aspects of all ShcA adaptor proteins but are highlighting the case of p66Shc as model isoform. Furthermore, this review insights the role of p66Shc in progression of chronic age-related diseases like neuro diseases, metabolic disorders (non-alcoholic fatty liver, obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, vascular endothelial dysfunction) and cancer in relation to ROS. We finally conclude that p66Shc might act as a valuable biomarker for the prognosis of these diseases and could be used as a potential therapeutic target.
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11
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Hui C, Tomilov A, Garcia C, Jiang X, Fash DM, Khdour OM, Rosso C, Filippini G, Prato M, Graham J, Hecht S, Havel P, Cortopassi G. Novel idebenone analogs block Shc's access to insulin receptor to improve insulin sensitivity. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 132:110823. [PMID: 33045613 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2020] [Revised: 09/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/26/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
There has been little innovation in identifying novel insulin sensitizers. Metformin, developed in the 1920s, is still used first for most Type 2 diabetes patients. Mice with genetic reduction of p52Shc protein have improved insulin sensitivity and glucose tolerance. By high-throughput screening, idebenone was isolated as the first small molecule 'Shc Blocker'. Idebenone blocks p52Shc's access to Insulin Receptor to increase insulin sensitivity. In this work the avidity of 34 novel idebenone analogs and 3 metabolites to bind p52Shc, and to block the interaction of p52Shc with the Insulin receptor was tested. Our hypothesis was that if an idebenone analog bound and blocked p52Shc's access to insulin receptor better than idebenone, it should be a more effective insulin sensitizing agent than idebenone itself. Of 34 analogs tested, only 2 both bound p52Shc more tightly and/or blocked the p52Shc-Insulin Receptor interaction more effectively than idebenone. Of those 2 only idebenone analog #11 was a superior insulin sensitizer to idebenone. Also, the long-lasting insulin-sensitizing potency of idebenone in rodents over many hours had been puzzling, as the parent molecule degrades to metabolites within 1 h. We observed that two of the idebenone's three metabolites are insulin sensitizing almost as potently as idebenone itself, explaining the persistent insulin sensitization of this rapidly metabolized molecule. These results help to identify key SAR = structure-activity relationship requirements for more potent small molecule Shc inhibitors as Shc-targeted insulin sensitizers for type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- ChunKiu Hui
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, 1089 Veterinary Medicine Dr., VM3B, UC Davis, CA, 95616, USA.
| | - Alexey Tomilov
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, 1089 Veterinary Medicine Dr., VM3B, UC Davis, CA, 95616, USA.
| | - Chase Garcia
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, 1089 Veterinary Medicine Dr., VM3B, UC Davis, CA, 95616, USA.
| | - XiaoSong Jiang
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, 1089 Veterinary Medicine Dr., VM3B, UC Davis, CA, 95616, USA.
| | - David M Fash
- Center for BioEnergetics, Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, 1001 S McAllister Ave, Tempe, AZ, 85287, USA.
| | - Omar M Khdour
- Center for BioEnergetics, Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, 1001 S McAllister Ave, Tempe, AZ, 85287, USA.
| | - Cristian Rosso
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, CENMAT, Center of Excellence for Nanostructured Materials, INSTM UdR, Trieste, University of Trieste, Via Licio Giorgieri 1, Trieste, 34127, Italy.
| | - Giacomo Filippini
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, CENMAT, Center of Excellence for Nanostructured Materials, INSTM UdR, Trieste, University of Trieste, Via Licio Giorgieri 1, Trieste, 34127, Italy.
| | - Maurizio Prato
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, CENMAT, Center of Excellence for Nanostructured Materials, INSTM UdR, Trieste, University of Trieste, Via Licio Giorgieri 1, Trieste, 34127, Italy; Center for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC biomaGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo de Miramón 182, 20014, Donostia San Sebastián, Spain; Basque Fdn Sci, Ikerbasque, Bilbao, 48013, Spain.
| | - James Graham
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, 1089 Veterinary Medicine Dr., VM3B, UC Davis, CA, 95616, USA.
| | - Sidney Hecht
- Center for BioEnergetics, Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, 1001 S McAllister Ave, Tempe, AZ, 85287, USA; School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, 85287, USA.
| | - Peter Havel
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, 1089 Veterinary Medicine Dr., VM3B, UC Davis, CA, 95616, USA.
| | - Gino Cortopassi
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, 1089 Veterinary Medicine Dr., VM3B, UC Davis, CA, 95616, USA.
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Jiang JX, Fish SR, Tomilov A, Li Y, Fan W, Dehnad A, Gae D, Das S, Mozes G, Charville GW, Ramsey J, Cortopassi G, Török NJ. Nonphagocytic Activation of NOX2 Is Implicated in Progressive Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis During Aging. Hepatology 2020; 72:1204-1218. [PMID: 31950520 PMCID: PMC7478166 DOI: 10.1002/hep.31118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Older patients with obesity/type II diabetes mellitus frequently present with advanced NASH. Whether this is due to specific molecular pathways that accelerate fibrosis during aging is unknown. Activation of the Src homology 2 domain-containing collagen-related (Shc) proteins and redox stress have been recognized in aging; however, their link to NASH has not been explored. APPROACH AND RESULTS Shc expression increased in livers of older patients with NASH, as assessed by real time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) or western blots. Fibrosis, Shc expression, markers of senescence, and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate, reduced form oxidases (NOXs) were studied in young/old mice on fast food diet (FFD). To inhibit Shc in old mice, lentiviral (LV)-short hairpin Shc versus control-LV were used during FFD. For hepatocyte-specific effects, floxed (fl/fl) Shc mice on FFD were injected with adeno-associated virus 8-thyroxine-binding globulin-Cre-recombinase versus control. Fibrosis was accelerated in older mice on FFD, and Shc inhibition by LV in older mice or hepatocyte-specific deletion resulted in significantly improved inflammation, reduction in senescence markers in older mice, lipid peroxidation, and fibrosis. To study NOX2 activation, the interaction of p47phox (NOX2 regulatory subunit) and p52Shc was evaluated by proximity ligation and coimmunoprecipitations. Palmitate-induced p52Shc binding to p47phox , activating the NOX2 complex, more so at an older age. Kinetics of binding were assessed in Src homology 2 domain (SH2) or phosphotyrosine-binding (PTB) domain deletion mutants by biolayer interferometry, revealing the role of SH2 and the PTB domains. Lastly, an in silico model of p52Shc/p47phox interaction using RosettaDock was generated. CONCLUSIONS Accelerated fibrosis in the aged is modulated by p52Shc/NOX2. We show a pathway for direct activation of the phagocytic NOX2 in hepatocytes by p52Shc binding and activating the p47phox subunit that results in redox stress and accelerated fibrosis in the aged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joy X. Jiang
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology, UC Davis Medical Center, 4150 V Street, Sacramento, CA 95817
| | - Sarah R. Fish
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology, UC Davis Medical Center, 4150 V Street, Sacramento, CA 95817
| | - Alexey Tomilov
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, UC Davis, 3011, VM3B, Davis, CA 95616
| | - Yuan Li
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford University, 300 Pasteur Dr, Palo Alto, CA 94304 and VA Palo Alto, 3801 Miranda Avenue, Palo Alto, CA 94304
| | - Weiguo Fan
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford University, 300 Pasteur Dr, Palo Alto, CA 94304 and VA Palo Alto, 3801 Miranda Avenue, Palo Alto, CA 94304
| | - Ali Dehnad
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford University, 300 Pasteur Dr, Palo Alto, CA 94304 and VA Palo Alto, 3801 Miranda Avenue, Palo Alto, CA 94304
| | - David Gae
- Dept of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco CA 94118
| | - Suvarthi Das
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford University, 300 Pasteur Dr, Palo Alto, CA 94304 and VA Palo Alto, 3801 Miranda Avenue, Palo Alto, CA 94304
| | - Gergely Mozes
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford University, 300 Pasteur Dr, Palo Alto, CA 94304 and VA Palo Alto, 3801 Miranda Avenue, Palo Alto, CA 94304
| | - Gregory W. Charville
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University, 300 Pasteur Dr, Palo Alto, CA 94304
| | - Jon Ramsey
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, UC Davis, 3011, VM3B, Davis, CA 95616
| | - Gino Cortopassi
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, UC Davis, 3011, VM3B, Davis, CA 95616
| | - NJ Török
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford University, 300 Pasteur Dr, Palo Alto, CA 94304 and VA Palo Alto, 3801 Miranda Avenue, Palo Alto, CA 94304,Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford University, 300 Pasteur Dr, Palo Alto, CA 94304, and VA Palo Alto, 3801 Miranda Avenue, Palo Alto, CA 94304
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13
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A New Pathway Promotes Adaptation of Human Glioblastoma Cells to Glucose Starvation. Cells 2020; 9:cells9051249. [PMID: 32443613 PMCID: PMC7290719 DOI: 10.3390/cells9051249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Revised: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Adaptation of glioblastoma to caloric restriction induces compensatory changes in tumor metabolism that are incompletely known. Here we show that in human glioblastoma cells maintained in exhausted medium, SHC adaptor protein 3 (SHC3) increases due to down-regulation of SHC3 protein degradation. This effect is reversed by glucose addition and is not present in normal astrocytes. Increased SHC3 levels are associated to increased glucose uptake mediated by changes in membrane trafficking of glucose transporters of the solute carrier 2A superfamily (GLUT/SLC2A). We found that the effects on vesicle trafficking are mediated by SHC3 interactions with adaptor protein complex 1 and 2 (AP), BMP-2-inducible protein kinase and a fraction of poly ADP-ribose polymerase 1 (PARP1) associated to vesicles containing GLUT/SLC2As. In glioblastoma cells, PARP1 inhibitor veliparib mimics glucose starvation in enhancing glucose uptake. Furthermore, cytosol extracted from glioblastoma cells inhibits PARP1 enzymatic activity in vitro while immunodepletion of SHC3 from the cytosol significantly relieves this inhibition. The identification of a new pathway controlling glucose uptake in high grade gliomas represents an opportunity for repositioning existing drugs and designing new ones.
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Boengler K, Bornbaum J, Schlüter KD, Schulz R. P66shc and its role in ischemic cardiovascular diseases. Basic Res Cardiol 2019; 114:29. [PMID: 31165272 DOI: 10.1007/s00395-019-0738-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress caused by an imbalance in the formation and removal of reactive oxygen species (ROS) plays an important role in the development of several cardiovascular diseases. ROS originate from various cellular origins; however, the highest amount of ROS is produced by mitochondria. One of the proteins contributing to mitochondrial ROS formation is the adaptor protein p66shc, which upon cellular stresses translocates from the cytosol to the mitochondria. In the present review, we focus on the role of p66shc in longevity, in the development of cardiovascular diseases including diabetes, atherosclerosis and its risk factors, myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury and the protection from it by ischemic preconditioning. Also, the contribution of p66shc towards cerebral pathologies and the potential of the protein as a therapeutic target for the treatment of the aforementioned diseases are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerstin Boengler
- Institut für Physiologie, Justus-Liebig Universität Gießen, Aulweg 129, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Julia Bornbaum
- Institut für Physiologie, Justus-Liebig Universität Gießen, Aulweg 129, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Klaus-Dieter Schlüter
- Institut für Physiologie, Justus-Liebig Universität Gießen, Aulweg 129, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Rainer Schulz
- Institut für Physiologie, Justus-Liebig Universität Gießen, Aulweg 129, 35392, Giessen, Germany.
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15
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Modulation of Obesity and Insulin Resistance by the Redox Enzyme and Adaptor Protein p66 Shc. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20040985. [PMID: 30813483 PMCID: PMC6412263 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20040985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Revised: 02/15/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Initially reported as a longevity-related protein, the 66 kDa isoform of the mammalian Shc1 locus has been implicated in several metabolic pathways, being able to act both as an adaptor protein and as a redox enzyme capable of generating reactive oxygen species (ROS) when it localizes to the mitochondrion. Ablation of p66Shc has been shown to be protective against obesity and the insurgence of insulin resistance, but not all the studies available in the literature agree on these points. This review will focus in particular on the role of p66Shc in the modulation of glucose homeostasis, obesity, body temperature, and respiration/energy expenditure. In view of the obesity and diabetes epidemic, p66Shc may represent a promising therapeutic target with enormous implications for human health.
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16
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Tomilov A, Allen S, Hui CK, Bettaieb A, Cortopassi G. Idebenone is a cytoprotective insulin sensitizer whose mechanism is Shc inhibition. Pharmacol Res 2018; 137:89-103. [PMID: 30290222 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2018.09.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2018] [Revised: 09/20/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
When insulin binds insulin receptor, IRS1 signaling is stimulated to trigger the maximal insulin response. p52Shc protein competes directly with IRS1, thus damping and diverting maximal insulin response. Genetic reduction of p52Shc minimizes competition with IRS1, and improves insulin signaling and glucose control in mice, and improves pathophysiological consequences of hyperglycemia. Given the multiple benefits of Shc reduction in vivo, we investigated whether any of 1680 drugs used in humans may function as Shc inhibitors, and thus potentially serve as novel anti-diabetics. Of the 1680, 30 insulin sensitizers were identified by screening in vitro, and of these 30 we demonstrated that 7 bound Shc protein. Of the 7 drugs, idebenone dose-dependently bound Shc protein in the 50-100 nM range, and induced insulin sensitivity and cytoprotection in this same 100 nM range that clinically dosed idebenone reaches in human plasma. By contrast we observe mitochondrial effects of idebenone in the 5,000 nM range that are not reached in human dosing. Multiple assays of target engagement demonstrate that idebenone physically interacts with Shc protein. Idebenone sensitizes mice to insulin in two different mouse models of prediabetes. Genetic depletion of idebenone's target eliminates idebenone's ability to insulin-sensitize in vivo. Thus, idebenone is the first-in-class member of a novel category of insulin-sensitizing and cytoprotective agents, the Shc inhibitors. Idebenone is an approved drug and could be considered for other indications such as type 2 diabetes and fatty liver disease, in which insulin resistance occurs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexey Tomilov
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, 1089 Veterinary Medicine Dr., VM3B, UC Davis, CA, 95616, USA.
| | - Sonia Allen
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, 1089 Veterinary Medicine Dr., VM3B, UC Davis, CA, 95616, USA.
| | - Chun Kiu Hui
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, 1089 Veterinary Medicine Dr., VM3B, UC Davis, CA, 95616, USA.
| | - Ahmed Bettaieb
- Department of Nutrition, The University of Tennessee, 1215 W. Cumberland Ave, Knoxville, TN, 37996-1920, USA.
| | - Gino Cortopassi
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, 1089 Veterinary Medicine Dr., VM3B, UC Davis, CA, 95616, USA.
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17
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Hou Y, Fu L, Li J, Li J, Zhao Y, Luan Y, Liu A, Liu H, Li X, Zhao S, Li C. Transcriptome Analysis of Potential miRNA Involved in Adipogenic Differentiation of C2C12 Myoblasts. Lipids 2018; 53:375-386. [DOI: 10.1002/lipd.12032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2017] [Revised: 02/08/2018] [Accepted: 02/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ye Hou
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction of the Ministry of Education, College of Animal Sciences and Technology; Huazhong Agricultural University, No. 1, Shizishan Street, Hongshan District; Wuhan Hubei Province 430070 China
- Key Laboratory of Swine Genetics and Breeding of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Sciences and Technology; Huazhong Agricultural University, No. 1, Shizishan Street, Hongshan District; Wuhan Hubei Province 430070 China
- The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production; Huazhong Agricultural University, No. 1, Shizishan Street, Hongshan District; Wuhan Hubei Province 430070 China
| | - Liangliang Fu
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction of the Ministry of Education, College of Animal Sciences and Technology; Huazhong Agricultural University, No. 1, Shizishan Street, Hongshan District; Wuhan Hubei Province 430070 China
- Key Laboratory of Swine Genetics and Breeding of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Sciences and Technology; Huazhong Agricultural University, No. 1, Shizishan Street, Hongshan District; Wuhan Hubei Province 430070 China
- The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production; Huazhong Agricultural University, No. 1, Shizishan Street, Hongshan District; Wuhan Hubei Province 430070 China
| | - Jingjin Li
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction of the Ministry of Education, College of Animal Sciences and Technology; Huazhong Agricultural University, No. 1, Shizishan Street, Hongshan District; Wuhan Hubei Province 430070 China
- Key Laboratory of Swine Genetics and Breeding of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Sciences and Technology; Huazhong Agricultural University, No. 1, Shizishan Street, Hongshan District; Wuhan Hubei Province 430070 China
- The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production; Huazhong Agricultural University, No. 1, Shizishan Street, Hongshan District; Wuhan Hubei Province 430070 China
| | - Jingxuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction of the Ministry of Education, College of Animal Sciences and Technology; Huazhong Agricultural University, No. 1, Shizishan Street, Hongshan District; Wuhan Hubei Province 430070 China
- Key Laboratory of Swine Genetics and Breeding of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Sciences and Technology; Huazhong Agricultural University, No. 1, Shizishan Street, Hongshan District; Wuhan Hubei Province 430070 China
- The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production; Huazhong Agricultural University, No. 1, Shizishan Street, Hongshan District; Wuhan Hubei Province 430070 China
| | - Yunxia Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction of the Ministry of Education, College of Animal Sciences and Technology; Huazhong Agricultural University, No. 1, Shizishan Street, Hongshan District; Wuhan Hubei Province 430070 China
- Key Laboratory of Swine Genetics and Breeding of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Sciences and Technology; Huazhong Agricultural University, No. 1, Shizishan Street, Hongshan District; Wuhan Hubei Province 430070 China
- The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production; Huazhong Agricultural University, No. 1, Shizishan Street, Hongshan District; Wuhan Hubei Province 430070 China
| | - Yu Luan
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction of the Ministry of Education, College of Animal Sciences and Technology; Huazhong Agricultural University, No. 1, Shizishan Street, Hongshan District; Wuhan Hubei Province 430070 China
- Key Laboratory of Swine Genetics and Breeding of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Sciences and Technology; Huazhong Agricultural University, No. 1, Shizishan Street, Hongshan District; Wuhan Hubei Province 430070 China
- The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production; Huazhong Agricultural University, No. 1, Shizishan Street, Hongshan District; Wuhan Hubei Province 430070 China
| | - An Liu
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction of the Ministry of Education, College of Animal Sciences and Technology; Huazhong Agricultural University, No. 1, Shizishan Street, Hongshan District; Wuhan Hubei Province 430070 China
- Key Laboratory of Swine Genetics and Breeding of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Sciences and Technology; Huazhong Agricultural University, No. 1, Shizishan Street, Hongshan District; Wuhan Hubei Province 430070 China
- The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production; Huazhong Agricultural University, No. 1, Shizishan Street, Hongshan District; Wuhan Hubei Province 430070 China
| | - Huiying Liu
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction of the Ministry of Education, College of Animal Sciences and Technology; Huazhong Agricultural University, No. 1, Shizishan Street, Hongshan District; Wuhan Hubei Province 430070 China
- Key Laboratory of Swine Genetics and Breeding of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Sciences and Technology; Huazhong Agricultural University, No. 1, Shizishan Street, Hongshan District; Wuhan Hubei Province 430070 China
- The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production; Huazhong Agricultural University, No. 1, Shizishan Street, Hongshan District; Wuhan Hubei Province 430070 China
| | - Xinyun Li
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction of the Ministry of Education, College of Animal Sciences and Technology; Huazhong Agricultural University, No. 1, Shizishan Street, Hongshan District; Wuhan Hubei Province 430070 China
- Key Laboratory of Swine Genetics and Breeding of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Sciences and Technology; Huazhong Agricultural University, No. 1, Shizishan Street, Hongshan District; Wuhan Hubei Province 430070 China
- The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production; Huazhong Agricultural University, No. 1, Shizishan Street, Hongshan District; Wuhan Hubei Province 430070 China
| | - Shuhong Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction of the Ministry of Education, College of Animal Sciences and Technology; Huazhong Agricultural University, No. 1, Shizishan Street, Hongshan District; Wuhan Hubei Province 430070 China
- Key Laboratory of Swine Genetics and Breeding of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Sciences and Technology; Huazhong Agricultural University, No. 1, Shizishan Street, Hongshan District; Wuhan Hubei Province 430070 China
- The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production; Huazhong Agricultural University, No. 1, Shizishan Street, Hongshan District; Wuhan Hubei Province 430070 China
| | - Changchun Li
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction of the Ministry of Education, College of Animal Sciences and Technology; Huazhong Agricultural University, No. 1, Shizishan Street, Hongshan District; Wuhan Hubei Province 430070 China
- Key Laboratory of Swine Genetics and Breeding of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Sciences and Technology; Huazhong Agricultural University, No. 1, Shizishan Street, Hongshan District; Wuhan Hubei Province 430070 China
- The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production; Huazhong Agricultural University, No. 1, Shizishan Street, Hongshan District; Wuhan Hubei Province 430070 China
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18
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Ciciliot S, Albiero M, Campanaro S, Poncina N, Tedesco S, Scattolini V, Dalla Costa F, Cignarella A, Vettore M, Di Gangi IM, Bogialli S, Avogaro A, Fadini GP. Interplay between gut microbiota and p66Shc affects obesity-associated insulin resistance. FASEB J 2018; 32:4004-4015. [PMID: 29466053 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201701409r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The 66 kDa isoform of the mammalian Shc gene promotes adipogenesis, and p66Shc-/- mice accumulate less body weight than wild-type (WT) mice. As the metabolic consequences of the leaner phenotype of p66Shc-/- mice is debated, we hypothesized that gut microbiota may be involved. We confirmed that p66Shc-/- mice gained less weight than WT mice when on a high-fat diet (HFD), but they were not protected from insulin resistance and glucose intolerance. p66Shc deletion significantly modified the composition of gut microbiota and their modification after an HFD. This was associated with changes in gene expression of Il-1b and regenerating islet-derived protein 3 γ ( Reg3g) in the gut and in systemic trimethylamine N-oxide and branched chain amino acid levels, despite there being no difference in intestinal structure and permeability. Depleting gut microbiota at the end of HFD rendered both strains more glucose tolerant but improved insulin sensitivity only in p66Shc-/- mice. Microbiota-depleted WT mice cohoused with microbiota-competent p66Shc-/- mice became significantly more insulin resistant than WT mice cohoused with WT mice, despite no difference in weight gain. These findings reconcile previous inconsistent observations on the metabolic phenotype of p66Shc-/- mice and illustrate the complex microbiome-host-genotype interplay under metabolic stress.-Ciciliot, S., Albiero, M., Campanaro, S., Poncina, N., Tedesco, S., Scattolini, V., Dalla Costa, F., Cignarella, A., Vettore, M., Di Gangi, I. M., Bogialli, S., Avogaro, A., Fadini, G. P. Interplay between gut microbiota and p66Shc affects obesity-associated insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Nicol Poncina
- Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, Padua, Italy
| | | | - Valentina Scattolini
- Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, Padua, Italy.,Department of Medicine, University of Padova, Padua, Italy; and
| | | | | | - Monica Vettore
- Department of Medicine, University of Padova, Padua, Italy; and
| | | | - Sara Bogialli
- Department of Chemistry, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Angelo Avogaro
- Department of Medicine, University of Padova, Padua, Italy; and
| | - Gian Paolo Fadini
- Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, Padua, Italy.,Department of Medicine, University of Padova, Padua, Italy; and
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19
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Baldassini WA, Ramsey JJ, Hagopian K, Lanna DPD. The influence of Shc proteins and high-fat diet on energy metabolism of mice. Cell Biochem Funct 2018; 35:527-537. [PMID: 29243276 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2017] [Revised: 09/22/2017] [Accepted: 11/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine if Shc proteins influence the metabolic response to acute (7 days) feeding of a high-fat diet (HFD). To this end, whole animal energy expenditure (EE) and substrate oxidation were measured in the Shc knockout (ShcKO) and wild-type (WT) mice fed a control or HFD. The activities of enzymes of glycolysis, the citric acid cycle, electron transport chain (ETC), and β-oxidation were also investigated in liver and skeletal muscle of ShcKO and WT animals. The study showed that ShcKO increases (P < .05) EE adjusted for either total body weight or lean mass. This change in EE could contribute to decreases in weight gain in ShcKO versus WT mice fed an HFD. Thus, our results indicate that Shc proteins should be considered as potential targets for developing interventions to mitigate weight gain on HFD by stimulating EE. Although decreased levels of Shc proteins influenced the activity of some enzymes in response to high-fat feeding (eg, increasing the activity of acyl-CoA dehydrogenase), it did not produce concerted changes in enzymes of glycolysis, citric acid cycle, or the ETC. The physiological significance of observed changes in select enzyme activities remains to be determined. SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY We report higher EE in ShcKO versus WT mice when consuming the HFD. Although decreased levels of Shc proteins influenced the activity of a central enzyme of β-oxidation in response to high-fat feeding, it did not produce concerted changes in enzymes of glycolysis, citric acid cycle, or the ETC. Thus, an increase in EE in response to consumption of an HFD may be a mechanism that leads to decreased weight gain previously reported in ShcKO mice with long-term consumption of an HFD.
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Affiliation(s)
- W A Baldassini
- Department of Animal Science, "Luiz de Queiroz" College of Agriculture (ESALQ), University of São Paulo (USP), Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - J J Ramsey
- Veterinary Medicine, Molecular Biosciences, University of California-Davis (UC DAVIS), Davis, CA, USA
| | - K Hagopian
- Veterinary Medicine, Molecular Biosciences, University of California-Davis (UC DAVIS), Davis, CA, USA
| | - D P D Lanna
- Department of Animal Science, "Luiz de Queiroz" College of Agriculture (ESALQ), University of São Paulo (USP), Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
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20
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Wright KD, Staruschenko A, Sorokin A. Role of adaptor protein p66Shc in renal pathologies. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2017; 314:F143-F153. [PMID: 28978535 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00414.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
p66Shc is one of the three adaptor proteins encoded by the Shc1 gene, which are expressed in many organs, including the kidney. Recent studies shed new light on several key questions concerning the signaling mechanisms mediated by p66Shc. The central goal of this review article is to summarize recent findings on p66Shc and the role it plays in kidney physiology and pathology. This article provides a review of the various mechanisms whereby p66Shc has been shown to function within the kidney through a wide range of actions. The mitochondrial and cytoplasmic signaling of p66Shc, as it relates to production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and renal pathologies, is further discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin D Wright
- Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin , Milwaukee, Wisconsin.,Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin , Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Alexander Staruschenko
- Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin , Milwaukee, Wisconsin.,Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin , Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Andrey Sorokin
- Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin , Milwaukee, Wisconsin.,Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin , Milwaukee, Wisconsin
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21
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Niemann B, Rohrbach S, Miller MR, Newby DE, Fuster V, Kovacic JC. Oxidative Stress and Cardiovascular Risk: Obesity, Diabetes, Smoking, and Pollution: Part 3 of a 3-Part Series. J Am Coll Cardiol 2017; 70:230-251. [PMID: 28683970 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2017.05.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 207] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2017] [Revised: 04/25/2017] [Accepted: 05/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress occurs whenever the release of reactive oxygen species (ROS) exceeds endogenous antioxidant capacity. In this paper, we review the specific role of several cardiovascular risk factors in promoting oxidative stress: diabetes, obesity, smoking, and excessive pollution. Specifically, the risk of developing heart failure is higher in patients with diabetes or obesity, even with optimal medical treatment, and the increased release of ROS from cardiac mitochondria and other sources likely contributes to the development of cardiac dysfunction in this setting. Here, we explore the role of different ROS sources arising in obesity and diabetes, and the effect of excessive ROS production on the development of cardiac lipotoxicity. In parallel, contaminants in the air that we breathe pose a significant threat to human health. This paper provides an overview of cigarette smoke and urban air pollution, considering how their composition and biological effects have detrimental effects on cardiovascular health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernd Niemann
- Department of Adult and Pediatric Cardiovascular Surgery, University Hospital Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Susanne Rohrbach
- Institute of Physiology, Justus-Liebig University, Giessen, Germany.
| | - Mark R Miller
- BHF/University of Edinburgh Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - David E Newby
- BHF/University of Edinburgh Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom.
| | - Valentin Fuster
- The Zena and Michael A. Wiener Cardiovascular Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York; Marie-Josée and Henry R. Kravis Cardiovascular Health Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York; Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jason C Kovacic
- The Zena and Michael A. Wiener Cardiovascular Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York.
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22
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Safari-Alighiarloo N, Taghizadeh M, Tabatabaei SM, Shahsavari S, Namaki S, Khodakarim S, Rezaei-Tavirani M. Identification of new key genes for type 1 diabetes through construction and analysis of protein-protein interaction networks based on blood and pancreatic islet transcriptomes. J Diabetes 2017; 9:764-777. [PMID: 27625010 DOI: 10.1111/1753-0407.12483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2016] [Revised: 08/17/2016] [Accepted: 09/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune disease in which pancreatic β-cells are destroyed by infiltrating immune cells. Bilateral cooperation of pancreatic β-cells and immune cells has been proposed in the progression of T1D, but as yet no systems study has investigated this possibility. The aims of the study were to elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms and identify key genes associated with T1D risk using a network biology approach. METHODS Interactome (protein-protein interaction [PPI]) and transcriptome data were integrated to construct networks of differentially expressed genes in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and pancreatic β-cells. Centrality, modularity, and clique analyses of networks were used to get more meaningful biological information. RESULTS Analysis of genes expression profiles revealed several cytokines and chemokines in β-cells and their receptors in PBMCs, which is supports the dialogue between these two tissues in terms of PPIs. Functional modules and complexes analysis unraveled most significant biological pathways such as immune response, apoptosis, spliceosome, proteasome, and pathways of protein synthesis in the tissues. Finally, Y-box binding protein 1 (YBX1), SRSF protein kinase 1 (SRPK1), proteasome subunit alpha1/ 3, (PSMA1/3), X-ray repair cross complementing 6 (XRCC6), Cbl proto-oncogene (CBL), SRC proto-oncogene, non-receptor tyrosine kinase (SRC), phosphoinositide-3-kinase regulatory subunit 1 (PIK3R1), phospholipase C gamma 1 (PLCG1), SHC adaptor protein1 (SHC1) and ubiquitin conjugating enzyme E2 N (UBE2N) were identified as key markers that were hub-bottleneck genes involved in functional modules and complexes. CONCLUSIONS This study provide new insights into network biomarkers that may be considered potential therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nahid Safari-Alighiarloo
- Proteomics Research Center, Faculty of Paramedical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Taghizadeh
- Bioinformatics Department, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Tehran University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyyed Mohammad Tabatabaei
- Medical Informatics Department, Faculty of Paramedical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Soodeh Shahsavari
- Biostatistics Department, Faculty of Paramedical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeed Namaki
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Soheila Khodakarim
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mostafa Rezaei-Tavirani
- Proteomics Research Center, Faculty of Paramedical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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23
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Granatiero V, Gherardi G, Vianello M, Salerno E, Zecchini E, Toniolo L, Pallafacchina G, Murgia M, Blaauw B, Rizzuto R, Mammucari C. Role of p66shc in skeletal muscle function. Sci Rep 2017; 7:6283. [PMID: 28740219 PMCID: PMC5524746 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-06363-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2017] [Accepted: 06/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
p66shc is a growth factor adaptor protein that contributes to mitochondrial ROS production. p66shc is involved in insulin signaling and its deletion exerts a protective effect against diet-induced obesity. In light of the role of skeletal muscle activity in the control of systemic metabolism and obesity, we investigated which is the contribution of p66shc in regulating muscle structure and function. Here, we show that p66shc−/− muscles are undistinguishable from controls in terms of size, resistance to denervation-induced atrophy, and force. However, p66shc−/− mice perform slightly better than wild type animals during repetitive downhill running. Analysis of the effects after placing mice on a high fat diet (HFD) regimen demonstrated that running distance is greatly reduced in obese wild type animals, but not in overweight-resistant p66shc−/− mice. In addition, muscle force measured after exercise decreases upon HFD in wild type mice while p66shc−/− animals are protected. Our data indicate that p66shc affect the response to damage of adult muscle in chow diet, and it determines the maintenance of muscle force and exercise performance upon a HFD regimen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Granatiero
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy.,Weill Cornell Medical College, New York City, NY, USA
| | - Gaia Gherardi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Matteo Vianello
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Elsa Salerno
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Erika Zecchini
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Luana Toniolo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Giorgia Pallafacchina
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy.,CNR Neuroscience Institute, Padua, Italy
| | - Marta Murgia
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Bert Blaauw
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy.,Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine (VIMM), Padua, Italy
| | - Rosario Rizzuto
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy.
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24
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Di Lisa F, Giorgio M, Ferdinandy P, Schulz R. New aspects of p66Shc in ischaemia reperfusion injury and other cardiovascular diseases. Br J Pharmacol 2017; 174:1690-1703. [PMID: 26990284 PMCID: PMC5446581 DOI: 10.1111/bph.13478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2015] [Revised: 02/29/2016] [Accepted: 03/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Although reactive oxygen species (ROS) act as crucial factors in the onset and progression of a wide array of diseases, they are also involved in numerous signalling pathways related to cell metabolism, growth and survival. ROS are produced at various cellular sites, and it is generally agreed that mitochondria generate the largest amount, especially those in cardiomyocytes. However, the identification of the most relevant sites within mitochondria, the interaction among the various sources, and the events responsible for the increase in ROS formation under pathological conditions are still highly debated, and far from being clarified. Here, we review the information linking the adaptor protein p66Shc with cardiac injury induced by ischaemia and reperfusion (I/R), including the contribution of risk factors, such as metabolic syndrome and ageing. In response to several stimuli, p66Shc migrates into mitochondria where it catalyses electron transfer from cytochrome c to oxygen resulting in hydrogen peroxide formation. Deletion of p66Shc has been shown to reduce I/R injury as well as vascular abnormalities associated with diabetes and ageing. However, p66Shc-induced ROS formation is also involved in insulin signalling and might contribute to self-endogenous defenses against mild I/R injury. In addition to its role in physiological and pathological conditions, we discuss compounds and conditions that can modulate the expression and activity of p66Shc. LINKED ARTICLES This article is part of a themed section on Redox Biology and Oxidative Stress in Health and Disease. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v174.12/issuetoc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Di Lisa
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and CNR Neuroscience InstituteUniversity of PadovaPadovaItaly
| | - Marco Giorgio
- Department of Experimental OncologyInstitute of OncologyMilanItaly
| | - Peter Ferdinandy
- Department of Pharmacology and PharmacotherapySemmelweis UniversityBudapestHungary
- Pharmahungary GroupSzegedHungary
| | - Rainer Schulz
- Institut für PhysiologieJustus‐Liebig Universität GiessenGiessenGermany
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25
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Abstract
Tissue cells continually monitor anchorage conditions by gauging the physical properties of their underlying matrix and surrounding environment. The Rho and Ras GTPases are essential components of these mechanosensory pathways. These molecular switches control both cytoskeletal as well as cell fate responses to anchorage conditions and are thus critical to our understanding of how cells respond to their physical environment and, by extension, how malignant cells gainsay these regulatory pathways. Recent studies indicate that 2 proteins produced by the SHC1 gene, thought for the most part to functionally oppose each other, collaborate in their ability to respond to mechanical force by initiating respective Rho and Ras signals. In this review, we focus on the coupling of Shc and GTPases in the cellular response to mechanical anchorage signals, with emphasis on its relevance for cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lance S Terada
- a Department of Internal Medicine , Pulmonary and Critical Care, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center , Dallas , TX , USA
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26
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Hagopian K, Kim K, López-Dominguez JA, Tomilov AA, Cortopassi GA, Ramsey JJ. Mice with low levels of Shc proteins display reduced glycolytic and increased gluconeogenic activities in liver. Biochem Biophys Rep 2016; 7:273-286. [PMID: 28133633 PMCID: PMC5267479 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2016.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Shc proteins play a role in energy metabolism through interaction with the insulin receptor. The aim of this study was to determine whether Shc proteins influence liver glycolysis and gluconeogenesis under both fed and fasted states. Decreased glycolytic and increased gluconeogenic and transamination enzyme activities were observed in ShcKO versus WT mice. Levels of key regulatory metabolites, such as fructose-2,6-bisphosphate, matched the activity of metabolic pathways. Protein levels of glycolytic and gluconeogenic enzymes were not different. pAMPK protein levels increased with fasting and were higher in ShcKO versus WT mice. Therefore, Shc proteins play a role in shifting the metabolism from glucose oxidation to gluconeogenesis and lipid catabolism and should be considered as regulators of fuel selection. Fuel selection and utilization could play a critical role in healthy aging. Characterization of metabolic events in ShcKO mice would help to elucidate how metabolism is influenced by these proteins. Decreased glycolysis and increased gluconeogenesis in ShcKO mice. Changes in metabolite levels reflect changes in enzyme activities. Protein levels of key enzymes remained unchanged. Shc proteins play a role in metabolic shift and act as regulators of fuel selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevork Hagopian
- VM Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis 1089 Veterinary Medicine Dr, VM3B, Davis, CA 95616, USA
- Corresponding author.
| | - Kyoungmi Kim
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - José Alberto López-Dominguez
- VM Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis 1089 Veterinary Medicine Dr, VM3B, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Alexey A. Tomilov
- VM Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis 1089 Veterinary Medicine Dr, VM3B, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Gino A. Cortopassi
- VM Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis 1089 Veterinary Medicine Dr, VM3B, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Jon J. Ramsey
- VM Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis 1089 Veterinary Medicine Dr, VM3B, Davis, CA 95616, USA
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27
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Giorgio M, Stendardo M, Migliaccio E, Pelicci PG. P66SHC deletion improves fertility and progeric phenotype of late-generation TERC-deficient mice but not their short lifespan. Aging Cell 2016; 15:446-54. [PMID: 26968134 PMCID: PMC4854904 DOI: 10.1111/acel.12448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress and telomere attrition are considered the driving factors of aging. As oxidative damage to telomeric DNA favors the erosion of chromosome ends and, in turn, telomere shortening increases the sensitivity to pro-oxidants, these two factors may trigger a detrimental vicious cycle. To check whether limiting oxidative stress slows down telomere shortening and related progeria, we have investigated the effect of p66SHC deletion, which has been shown to reduce oxidative stress and mitochondrial apoptosis, on late-generation TERC (telomerase RNA component)-deficient mice having short telomeres and reduced lifespan. Double mutant (TERC(-/-) p66SHC(-/-) ) mice were generated, and their telomere length, fertility, and lifespan investigated in different generations. Results revealed that p66SHC deletion partially rescues sterility and weight loss, as well as organ atrophy, of TERC-deficient mice, but not their short lifespan and telomere erosion. Therefore, our data suggest that p66SHC-mediated oxidative stress and telomere shortening synergize in some tissues (including testes) to accelerate aging; however, early mortality of late-generation mice seems to be independent of any link between p66SHC-mediated oxidative stress and telomere attrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Giorgio
- Experimental Oncology Department; European Institute of Oncology; Via Ripamonti 435 20141 Milan Italy
| | - Massimo Stendardo
- Experimental Oncology Department; European Institute of Oncology; Via Ripamonti 435 20141 Milan Italy
| | - Enrica Migliaccio
- Experimental Oncology Department; European Institute of Oncology; Via Ripamonti 435 20141 Milan Italy
| | - Pier Giuseppe Pelicci
- Experimental Oncology Department; European Institute of Oncology; Via Ripamonti 435 20141 Milan Italy
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28
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Gómez-Serrano M, Camafeita E, García-Santos E, López JA, Rubio MA, Sánchez-Pernaute A, Torres A, Vázquez J, Peral B. Proteome-wide alterations on adipose tissue from obese patients as age-, diabetes- and gender-specific hallmarks. Sci Rep 2016; 6:25756. [PMID: 27160966 PMCID: PMC4861930 DOI: 10.1038/srep25756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2016] [Accepted: 04/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a main global health issue and an outstanding cause of morbidity and mortality predisposing to type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and cardiovascular diseases. Huge research efforts focused on gene expression, cellular signalling and metabolism in obesity have improved our understanding of these disorders; nevertheless, to bridge the gap between the regulation of gene expression and changes in signalling/metabolism, protein levels must be assessed. We have extensively analysed visceral adipose tissue from age-, T2DM- and gender-matched obese patients using high-throughput proteomics and systems biology methods to identify new biomarkers for the onset of T2DM in obesity, as well as to gain insight into the influence of aging and gender in these disorders. About 250 proteins showed significant abundance differences in the age, T2DM and gender comparisons. In diabetic patients, remarkable gender-specific hallmarks were discovered regarding redox status, immune response and adipose tissue accumulation. Both aging and T2DM processes were associated with mitochondrial remodelling, albeit through well-differentiated proteome changes. Systems biology analysis highlighted mitochondrial proteins that could play a key role in the age-dependent pathophysiology of T2DM. Our findings could serve as a framework for future research in Translational Medicine directed at improving the quality of life of obese patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Gómez-Serrano
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Alberto Sols, (IIBM); Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas &Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, 28029, Spain
| | - Emilio Camafeita
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Proteomics, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, 28029, Spain
| | - Eva García-Santos
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Alberto Sols, (IIBM); Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas &Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, 28029, Spain
| | - Juan A López
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Proteomics, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, 28029, Spain
| | - Miguel A Rubio
- Department of Endocrinology, Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IDISSC), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, 28040, Spain
| | - Andrés Sánchez-Pernaute
- Department of Surgery, Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IDISSC), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, 28040, Spain
| | - Antonio Torres
- Department of Surgery, Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IDISSC), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, 28040, Spain
| | - Jesús Vázquez
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Proteomics, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, 28029, Spain
| | - Belén Peral
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Alberto Sols, (IIBM); Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas &Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, 28029, Spain.,CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Spain
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29
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Tomilov A, Tomilova N, Shan Y, Hagopian K, Bettaieb A, Kim K, Pelicci PG, Haj F, Ramsey J, Cortopassi G. p46Shc Inhibits Thiolase and Lipid Oxidation in Mitochondria. J Biol Chem 2016; 291:12575-12585. [PMID: 27059956 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m115.695577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Although the p46Shc isoform has been known to be mitochondrially localized for 11 years, its function in mitochondria has been a mystery. We confirmed p46Shc to be mitochondrially localized and showed that the major mitochondrial partner of p46Shc is the lipid oxidation enzyme 3-ketoacylCoA thiolase ACAA2, to which p46Shc binds directly and with a strong affinity. Increasing p46Shc expression inhibits, and decreasing p46Shc stimulates enzymatic activity of thiolase in vitro Thus, we suggest p46Shc to be a negative mitochondrial thiolase activity regulator, and reduction of p46Shc expression activates thiolase. This is the first demonstration of a protein that directly binds and controls thiolase activity. Thiolase was thought previously only to be regulated by metabolite balance and steady-state flux control. Thiolase is the last enzyme of the mitochondrial fatty acid beta-oxidation spiral, and thus is important for energy metabolism. Mice with reduction of p46Shc are lean, resist obesity, have higher lipid oxidation capacity, and increased thiolase activity. The thiolase-p46Shc connection shown here in vitro and in organello may be an important underlying mechanism explaining the metabolic phenotype of Shc-depleted mice in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexey Tomilov
- Department of ‡Molecular Biosciences, University of California Davis, California 95616
| | - Natalia Tomilova
- Department of ‡Molecular Biosciences, University of California Davis, California 95616
| | - Yuxi Shan
- Department of ‡Molecular Biosciences, University of California Davis, California 95616
| | - Kevork Hagopian
- Department of ‡Molecular Biosciences, University of California Davis, California 95616; Department of Nutrition, University of California Davis, California 95616 and
| | - Ahmed Bettaieb
- Department of ‡Molecular Biosciences, University of California Davis, California 95616
| | - Kyoungmi Kim
- Department of ‡Molecular Biosciences, University of California Davis, California 95616; Department of Public Health Sciences, University of California Davis, California 95616
| | - Pier Giuseppe Pelicci
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology, IFOM-IEO, Via Adamello, 1620139 Milan, Italy
| | - Fawaz Haj
- Department of Nutrition, University of California Davis, California 95616 and
| | - Jon Ramsey
- Department of ‡Molecular Biosciences, University of California Davis, California 95616; Department of Nutrition, University of California Davis, California 95616 and
| | - Gino Cortopassi
- Department of ‡Molecular Biosciences, University of California Davis, California 95616.
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30
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Tan VP, Miyamoto S. Nutrient-sensing mTORC1: Integration of metabolic and autophagic signals. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2016; 95:31-41. [PMID: 26773603 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2016.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2015] [Revised: 12/11/2015] [Accepted: 01/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The ability of adult cardiomyocytes to regenerate is limited, and irreversible loss by cell death plays a crucial role in heart diseases. Autophagy is an evolutionarily conserved cellular catabolic process through which long-lived proteins and damaged organelles are targeted for lysosomal degradation. Autophagy is important in cardiac homeostasis and can serve as a protective mechanism by providing an energy source, especially in the face of sustained starvation. Cellular metabolism is closely associated with cell survival, and recent evidence suggests that metabolic and autophagic signaling pathways exhibit a high degree of crosstalk and are functionally interdependent. In this review, we discuss recent progress in our understanding of regulation of autophagy and its crosstalk with metabolic signaling, with a focus on the nutrient-sensing mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1) pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valerie P Tan
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093-0636, USA
| | - Shigeki Miyamoto
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093-0636, USA.
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31
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Ciciliot S, Albiero M, Menegazzo L, Poncina N, Scattolini V, Danesi A, Pagnin E, Marabita M, Blaauw B, Giorgio M, Trinei M, Foletto M, Prevedello L, Nitti D, Avogaro A, Fadini GP. p66Shc deletion or deficiency protects from obesity but not metabolic dysfunction in mice and humans. Diabetologia 2015; 58:2352-60. [PMID: 26122877 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-015-3667-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2015] [Accepted: 05/26/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Oxygen radicals generated by p66Shc drive adipogenesis, but contradictory data exist on the role of p66Shc in the development of obesity and the metabolic syndrome. We herein explored the relationships among p66Shc, adipose tissue remodelling and glucose metabolism using mouse models and human adipose tissue samples. METHODS In wild-type (WT), leptin-deficient (ob/ob), p66Shc(-/-) and p66Shc(-/-) ob/ob mice up to 30 weeks of age, we analysed body weight, subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissue histopathology, glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity, and liver and muscle fat accumulation. A group of mice on a high fat diet (HFD) was also analysed. A parallel study was conducted on adipose tissue collected from patients undergoing elective surgery. RESULTS We found that p66Shc(-/-) mice were slightly leaner than WT mice, and p66Shc(-/-) ob/ob mice became less obese than ob/ob mice. Despite their lower body weight, p66Shc(-/-) mice accumulated ectopic fat in the liver and muscles, and were glucose intolerant and insulin resistant. Features of adverse adipose tissue remodelling induced by obesity, including adipocyte enlargement, apoptosis, inflammation and perfusion were modestly and transiently improved by p66Shc (also known as Shc1) deletion. After 12 weeks of the HFD, p66Shc(-/-) mice were leaner than but equally glucose intolerant and insulin resistant compared with WT mice. In 77 patients, we found a direct correlation between BMI and p66Shc protein levels. Patients with low p66Shc levels were less obese, but were not protected from other metabolic syndrome features (diabetes, dyslipidaemia and hypertension). CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION In mice and humans, reduced p66Shc levels protect from obesity, but not from ectopic fat accumulation, glucose intolerance and insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Ciciliot
- Department of Medicine, University of Padua, Via Giustiniani, 2, 35128, Padua, Italy
- Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, Padua, Italy
| | - Mattia Albiero
- Department of Medicine, University of Padua, Via Giustiniani, 2, 35128, Padua, Italy
- Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, Padua, Italy
| | - Lisa Menegazzo
- Department of Medicine, University of Padua, Via Giustiniani, 2, 35128, Padua, Italy
- Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, Padua, Italy
| | - Nicol Poncina
- Department of Medicine, University of Padua, Via Giustiniani, 2, 35128, Padua, Italy
- Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, Padua, Italy
| | - Valentina Scattolini
- Department of Medicine, University of Padua, Via Giustiniani, 2, 35128, Padua, Italy
- Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, Padua, Italy
| | - Andrea Danesi
- Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, Padua, Italy
| | - Elisa Pagnin
- Department of Medicine, University of Padua, Via Giustiniani, 2, 35128, Padua, Italy
| | | | - Bert Blaauw
- Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, Padua, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Marco Giorgio
- European Institute of Oncology, IFOM-IEO Campus, Milan, Italy
| | - Mirella Trinei
- European Institute of Oncology, IFOM-IEO Campus, Milan, Italy
| | - Mirto Foletto
- Department of Surgical, Oncologic Gastroenterologic Sciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Luca Prevedello
- Department of Surgical, Oncologic Gastroenterologic Sciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Donato Nitti
- Department of Surgical, Oncologic Gastroenterologic Sciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Angelo Avogaro
- Department of Medicine, University of Padua, Via Giustiniani, 2, 35128, Padua, Italy
- Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, Padua, Italy
| | - Gian Paolo Fadini
- Department of Medicine, University of Padua, Via Giustiniani, 2, 35128, Padua, Italy.
- Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, Padua, Italy.
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Hagopian K, Tomilov AA, Kim K, Cortopassi GA, Ramsey JJ. Key glycolytic enzyme activities of skeletal muscle are decreased under fed and fasted states in mice with knocked down levels of Shc proteins. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0124204. [PMID: 25880638 PMCID: PMC4400099 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0124204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2014] [Accepted: 03/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Shc proteins interact with the insulin receptor, indicating a role in regulating glycolysis. To investigate this idea, the activities of key glycolytic regulatory enzymes and metabolites levels were measured in skeletal muscle from mice with low levels of Shc proteins (ShcKO) and wild-type (WT) controls. The activities of hexokinase, phosphofructokinase-1 and pyruvate kinase were decreased in ShcKO versus WT mice under both fed and fasted conditions. Increased alanine transaminase and branched-chain amino acid transaminase activities were also observed in ShcKO mice under both fed and fasting conditions. Protein expression of glycolytic enzymes was unchanged in the ShcKO and WT mice, indicating that decreased activities were not due to changes in their transcription. Changes in metabolite levels were consistent with the observed changes in enzyme activities. In particular, the levels of fructose-2,6-bisphosphate, a potent activator of phosphofructokinase-1, were consistently decreased in the ShcKO mice. Furthermore, the levels of lactate (inhibitor of hexokinase and phosphofructokinase-1) and citrate (inhibitor of phosphofructokinase-1 and pyruvate kinase) were increased in fed and fasted ShcKO versus WT mice. Pyruvate dehydrogenase activity was lower in ShcKO versus WT mice under fed conditions, and showed inhibition under fasting conditions in both ShcKO and WT mice, with ShcKO mice showing less inhibition than the WT mice. Pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 4 levels were unchanged under fed conditions but were lower in the ShcKO mice under fasting conditions. These studies indicate that decreased levels of Shc proteins in skeletal muscle lead to a decreased glycolytic capacity in both fed and fasted states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevork Hagopian
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Alexey A. Tomilov
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, United States of America
| | - Kyoungmi Kim
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, United States of America
| | - Gino A. Cortopassi
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, United States of America
| | - Jon J. Ramsey
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, United States of America
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Tao HC, Wang HX, Dai M, Gu CY, Wang Q, Han ZG, Cai B. Targeting SHCBP1 inhibits cell proliferation in human hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2015; 14:5645-50. [PMID: 24289556 DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2013.14.10.5645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Src homology 2 domain containing (SHC) is a proto-oncogene which mediates cell proliferation and carcinogenesis in human carcinomas. Here, the SHC SH2-domain binding protein 1 (SHCBP1) was first established to be up-regulated in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tissues by array-base comparative genome hybridization (aCGH). Meanwhile, we examine and verify it by quantitative real-time PCR and western blot. Our current data show that SHCBP1 was up-regulated in HCC tissues. Overexpression of SHCBP1 could significantly promote HCC cell proliferation, survival and colony formation in HCC cell lines. Furthermore, knockdown of SHCBP1 induced cell cycle delay and suppressed cell proliferation. Furthermore, SHCBP1 could regulate the expression of activate extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) and cyclin D1. Together, our findings indicate that SHCBP1 may contribute to human hepatocellular carcinoma by promoting cell proliferation and may serve as a molecular target of cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han-Chuan Tao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Wuxi Municipal People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China E-mail : ,
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Tomilov A, Bettaieb A, Kim K, Sahdeo S, Tomilova N, Lam A, Hagopian K, Connell M, Fong J, Rowland D, Griffey S, Ramsey J, Haj F, Cortopassi G. Shc depletion stimulates brown fat activity in vivo and in vitro. Aging Cell 2014; 13:1049-58. [PMID: 25257068 PMCID: PMC4244234 DOI: 10.1111/acel.12267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue is an important metabolic organ that integrates a wide array of homeostatic processes and is crucial for whole-body insulin sensitivity and energy metabolism. Brown adipose tissue (BAT) is a key thermogenic tissue with a well-established role in energy expenditure. BAT dissipates energy and protects against both hypothermia and obesity. Thus, BAT stimulation therapy is a rational strategy for the looming pandemic of obesity, whose consequences and comorbidities have a huge impact on the aged. Shc-deficient mice (ShcKO) were previously shown to be lean, insulin sensitive, and resistant to high-fat diet and obesity. We investigated the contribution of BAT to this phenotype. Insulin-dependent BAT glucose uptake was higher in ShcKO mice. Primary ShcKO BAT cells exhibited increased mitochondrial respiration; increased expression of several mitochondrial and lipid-oxidative enzymes was observed in ShcKO BAT. Levels of brown fat-specific markers of differentiation, UCP1, PRDM16, ELOVL3, and Cox8b, were higher in ShcKO BAT. In vitro, Shc knockdown in BAT cell line increased insulin sensitivity and metabolic activity. In vivo, pharmacological stimulation of ShcKO BAT resulted in higher energy expenditure. Conversely, pharmacological inhibition of BAT abolished the improved metabolic parameters, that is the increased insulin sensitivity and glucose tolerance of ShcKO mice. Similarly, in vitro Shc knockdown in BAT cell lines increased their expression of UCP1 and metabolic activity. These data suggest increased BAT activity significantly contributes to the improved metabolic phenotype of ShcKO mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexey Tomilov
- Department of Molecular Biosciences UC DavisDavis CA 95616 USA
| | | | - Kyoungmi Kim
- Department of Molecular Biosciences UC DavisDavis CA 95616 USA
- Department of Public Health Sciences MED UC Davis Davis CA 95616 USA
| | - Sunil Sahdeo
- Department of Molecular Biosciences UC DavisDavis CA 95616 USA
| | | | - Adam Lam
- Department of Molecular Biosciences UC DavisDavis CA 95616 USA
| | - Kevork Hagopian
- Department of Molecular Biosciences UC DavisDavis CA 95616 USA
- Department of Nutrition UC Davis Davis CA 95616 USA
| | - Michelle Connell
- Center for Molecular and Genome Imaging UC Davis Genome Center Davis CA 95616 USA
| | - Jennifer Fong
- Center for Molecular and Genome Imaging UC Davis Genome Center Davis CA 95616 USA
| | - Douglas Rowland
- Center for Molecular and Genome Imaging UC Davis Genome Center Davis CA 95616 USA
| | - Stephen Griffey
- Comparative Pathology Laboratory Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology VET MED UC Davis Davis CA 95616 USA
| | - Jon Ramsey
- Department of Molecular Biosciences UC DavisDavis CA 95616 USA
- Department of Nutrition UC Davis Davis CA 95616 USA
| | - Fawaz Haj
- Department of Nutrition UC Davis Davis CA 95616 USA
| | - Gino Cortopassi
- Department of Molecular Biosciences UC DavisDavis CA 95616 USA
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Mehta NK, Mehta KD. Protein kinase C-beta: An emerging connection between nutrient excess and obesity. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2014; 1841:1491-1497. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2014.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2014] [Revised: 06/16/2014] [Accepted: 07/15/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Bellisario V, Berry A, Capoccia S, Raggi C, Panetta P, Branchi I, Piccaro G, Giorgio M, Pelicci PG, Cirulli F. Gender-dependent resiliency to stressful and metabolic challenges following prenatal exposure to high-fat diet in the p66(Shc-/-) mouse. Front Behav Neurosci 2014; 8:285. [PMID: 25202246 PMCID: PMC4141279 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2014.00285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2014] [Accepted: 08/05/2014] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic stressful challenges during susceptible time windows, such as fetal life, can have important implications for health throughout life. Deletion of the p66Shc gene in mice leads to reduced oxidative stress (OS), resulting in a healthy and lean phenotype characterized by increased metabolic rate, resistance to high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity and reduced emotionality at adulthood. Here we hypothesize that p66Shc−/− (KO) adult offspring might be protected from the detrimental effects induced by maternal HFD administered before and during pregnancy. To test such hypothesis, we fed p66Shc+/+ (WT) and KO females with HFD for 13 weeks starting on 5 weeks of age until delivery and tested adult male and female offspring for their metabolic, neuroendocrine, and emotional profile. Prenatal diet affected stress responses and metabolic features in a gender-dependent fashion. In particular, prenatal HFD increased plasma leptin levels and decreased anxiety-like behavior in females, while increasing body weight, particularly in KO subjects. KO mice were overall characterized by metabolic resiliency, showing a blunted change in glycemia levels in response to glucose or insulin challenges. However, in p66Shc−/− mice, prenatal HFD affected glucose tolerance response in an opposite manner in the two genders, overriding the resilience in males and exacerbating it in females. Finally, KO females were protected from the disrupting effect of prenatal HFD on neuroendocrine response. These findings indicate that prenatal HFD alters the emotional profile and metabolic functionality of the adult individual in a gender-dependent fashion and suggest that exposure to high-caloric food during fetal life is a stressful condition interfering with the developmental programming of the adult phenotype. Deletion of the p66Shc gene attenuates such effects, acting as a protective factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Bellisario
- Section of Behavioral Neurosciences, Department of Cell Biology and Neurosciences, Istituto Superiore di Sanità Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandra Berry
- Section of Behavioral Neurosciences, Department of Cell Biology and Neurosciences, Istituto Superiore di Sanità Rome, Italy
| | - Sara Capoccia
- Section of Behavioral Neurosciences, Department of Cell Biology and Neurosciences, Istituto Superiore di Sanità Rome, Italy
| | - Carla Raggi
- Section of Behavioral Neurosciences, Department of Cell Biology and Neurosciences, Istituto Superiore di Sanità Rome, Italy
| | - Pamela Panetta
- Section of Behavioral Neurosciences, Department of Cell Biology and Neurosciences, Istituto Superiore di Sanità Rome, Italy
| | - Igor Branchi
- Section of Behavioral Neurosciences, Department of Cell Biology and Neurosciences, Istituto Superiore di Sanità Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Piccaro
- Section of Bacterial, Respiratory and Systemic Diseases, Department of Infectious, Parasitic and Immune-Mediated Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Giorgio
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology Milan, Italy
| | - Pier G Pelicci
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Cirulli
- Section of Behavioral Neurosciences, Department of Cell Biology and Neurosciences, Istituto Superiore di Sanità Rome, Italy
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Paneni F, Costantino S, Cosentino F. p66(Shc)-induced redox changes drive endothelial insulin resistance. Atherosclerosis 2014; 236:426-9. [PMID: 25150941 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2014.07.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2014] [Revised: 07/22/2014] [Accepted: 07/22/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Obesity-induced insulin resistance (IR) precipitates cardiovascular disease (CVD). Impairment of insulin signalling in the endothelium is emerging as a trigger of IR but the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. The mitochondrial adaptor p66(Shc) drives endothelial dysfunction via reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. This study investigates p66(Shc) role in obesity-induced impairment of endothelial insulin signalling. METHODS All experiments were performed in leptin-deficient (Lep(Ob/Ob)) and wild-type (WT) mice. RESULTS Endothelium-dependent relaxations to insulin were blunted in Lep(Ob/Ob) as compared to WT. Interestingly, in vivo gene silencing of p66(Shc) restored insulin response via IRS-1/Akt/eNOS pathway. Furthermore, p66(Shc) knockdown in endothelial cells isolated from Lep(Ob/Ob) mice attenuated ROS production, free fatty acids (FFA) oxidation and prevented dysregulation of redox-sensitive pathways such as nuclear factor-kappa-B (NF-kB), AGE precursor methylglyoxal and PGI2 synthase. CONCLUSIONS Targeting endothelial p66(Shc) may represent a promising strategy to prevent IR and CVD in obese individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Paneni
- Cardiology Unit, Department of Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; Cardiology, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, University of Rome "Sapienza", Italy
| | - Sarah Costantino
- Cardiology Unit, Department of Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Francesco Cosentino
- Cardiology Unit, Department of Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
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The influence of shc proteins on the whole body energetic response to calorie restriction initiated in 3-month-old mice. ISRN NUTRITION 2014; 2014:562075. [PMID: 24967271 PMCID: PMC4045305 DOI: 10.1155/2014/562075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2013] [Accepted: 12/05/2013] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
There is increasing evidence that Shc proteins play a role in energy metabolism, and we have previously reported that knockdown of Shc proteins influences the energetic response to acute (3 days) calorie restriction (CR) in 18-month-old mice. Whether Shc proteins play a role in the metabolic response to CR in younger mice has yet to be elucidated. Hence, we sought to determine the impact of 3 days and longer term (2 months) CR on energy expenditure (EE) and respiratory quotient (RQ) in 3 month-old Shc knockout (ShcKO) and wild-type (WT) mice. ShcKO mice decreased (P < 0.001) EE normalized for body weight (EEBW) by 3 days of CR, while no such change was observed in WT animals. However, both ShcKO and WT mice decreased (P < 0.001) EEBW at 2 months of CR and there were no differences in body weight between the ShcKO and WT mice at either 3 days or 2 months of CR. Consistent with increased fatty acid oxidation, only ShcKO mice maintained decreased (P < 0.001) 24 h RQ through 2 months of CR, suggesting that they were able to maintain increased fatty acid oxidation for a longer period of time than WT mice. These results indicate that Shc proteins may contribute to some of the acute energetic responses to CR.
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Soliman MA, Abdel Rahman AM, Lamming DW, Lamming DA, Birsoy K, Pawling J, Frigolet ME, Lu H, Fantus IG, Pasculescu A, Zheng Y, Sabatini DM, Dennis JW, Pawson T. The adaptor protein p66Shc inhibits mTOR-dependent anabolic metabolism. Sci Signal 2014; 7:ra17. [PMID: 24550542 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.2004785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Adaptor proteins link surface receptors to intracellular signaling pathways and potentially control the way cells respond to nutrient availability. Mice deficient in p66Shc, the most recently evolved isoform of the Shc1 adaptor proteins and a mediator of receptor tyrosine kinase signaling, display resistance to diabetes and obesity. Using quantitative mass spectrometry, we found that p66Shc inhibited glucose metabolism. Depletion of p66Shc enhanced glycolysis and increased the allocation of glucose-derived carbon into anabolic metabolism, characteristics of a metabolic shift called the Warburg effect. This change in metabolism was mediated by the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) because inhibition of mTOR with rapamycin reversed the glycolytic phenotype caused by p66Shc deficiency. Thus, unlike the other isoforms of Shc1, p66Shc appears to antagonize insulin and mTOR signaling, which limits glucose uptake and metabolism. Our results identify a critical inhibitory role for p66Shc in anabolic metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A Soliman
- 1Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1X5, Canada
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Ramsey JJ, Tran D, Giorgio M, Griffey SM, Koehne A, Laing ST, Taylor SL, Kim K, Cortopassi GA, Lloyd KCK, Hagopian K, Tomilov AA, Migliaccio E, Pelicci PG, McDonald RB. The influence of Shc proteins on life span in mice. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2013; 69:1177-85. [PMID: 24336818 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glt198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The signaling molecule p66Shc is often described as a longevity protein. This conclusion is based on a single life span study that used a small number of mice. The purpose of the present studies was to measure life span in a sufficient number of mice to determine if longevity is altered in mice with decreased Shc levels (ShcKO). Studies were completed at UC Davis and the European Institute of Oncology (EIO). At UC Davis, male C57BL/6J WT and ShcKO mice were fed 5% or 40% calorie-restricted (CR) diets. In the 5% CR group, there was no difference in survival curves between genotypes. There was also no difference between genotypes in prevalence of neoplasms or other measures of end-of-life pathology. At 40% calorie restriction group, 70th percentile survival was increased in ShcKO, while there were no differences between genotypes in median or subsequent life span measures. At EIO, there was no increase in life span in ShcKO male or female mice on C57BL/6J, 129Sv, or hybrid C57BL/6J-129Sv backgrounds. These studies indicate that p66Shc is not a longevity protein. However, additional studies are needed to determine the extent to which Shc proteins may influence the onset and severity of specific age-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jon J Ramsey
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis.
| | - Dianna Tran
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis
| | - Marco Giorgio
- Deparment of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Amanda Koehne
- Comparative Pathology Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine
| | - Steven T Laing
- Comparative Pathology Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine
| | | | | | - Gino A Cortopassi
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis
| | | | - Kevork Hagopian
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis
| | - Alexey A Tomilov
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis
| | - Enrica Migliaccio
- Deparment of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
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Su K, Bourdette D, Forte M. Mitochondrial dysfunction and neurodegeneration in multiple sclerosis. Front Physiol 2013; 4:169. [PMID: 23898299 PMCID: PMC3722885 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2013.00169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2013] [Accepted: 06/18/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) has traditionally been considered an autoimmune inflammatory disorder leading to demyelination and clinical debilitation as evidenced by our current standard anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive treatment regimens. While these approaches do control the frequency of clinical relapses, they do not prevent the progressive functional decline that plagues many people with MS. Many avenues of research indicate that a neurodegenerative process may also play a significant role in MS from the early stages of disease, and one of the current hypotheses identifies mitochondrial dysfunction as a key contributing mechanism. We have hypothesized that pathological permeability transition pore (PTP) opening mediated by reactive oxygen species (ROS) and calcium dysregulation is central to mitochondrial dysfunction and neurodegeneration in MS. This focused review highlights recent evidence supporting this hypothesis, with particular emphasis on our in vitro and in vivo work with the mitochondria-targeted redox enzyme p66ShcA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimmy Su
- Vollum Institute, Oregon Health and Science University Portland, OR, USA ; Department of Neurology, Oregon Health and Science University Portland, OR, USA
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Avogaro A, de Kreutzenberg SV, Federici M, Fadini GP. The endothelium abridges insulin resistance to premature aging. J Am Heart Assoc 2013; 2:e000262. [PMID: 23917532 PMCID: PMC3698793 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.113.000262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2013] [Accepted: 05/24/2013] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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The p66Shc gene paves the way for healthspan: Evolutionary and mechanistic perspectives. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2013; 37:790-802. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2013.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2012] [Revised: 03/04/2013] [Accepted: 03/11/2013] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Oxidative stress in cardiovascular diseases and obesity: role of p66Shc and protein kinase C. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2013; 2013:564961. [PMID: 23606925 PMCID: PMC3625561 DOI: 10.1155/2013/564961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2012] [Revised: 01/25/2013] [Accepted: 02/14/2013] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are a byproduct of the normal metabolism of oxygen and have important roles in cell signalling and homeostasis. An imbalance between ROS production and the cellular antioxidant defence system leads to oxidative stress. Environmental factors and genetic interactions play key roles in oxidative stress mediated pathologies. In this paper, we focus on cardiovascular diseases and obesity, disorders strongly related to each other; in which oxidative stress plays a fundamental role. We provide evidence of the key role played by p66(Shc) protein and protein kinase C (PKC) in these pathologies by their intracellular regulation of redox balance and oxidative stress levels. Additionally, we discuss possible therapeutic strategies aimed at attenuating the oxidative damage in these diseases.
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Trinei M, Migliaccio E, Bernardi P, Paolucci F, Pelicci P, Giorgio M. p66Shc, mitochondria, and the generation of reactive oxygen species. Methods Enzymol 2013; 528:99-110. [PMID: 23849861 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-405881-1.00006-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS), mainly originated from mitochondrial respiration, are critical inducers of oxidative damage and involved in tissue dysfunction. It is not clear, however, whether oxidative stress is the result of an active gene program or it is the by-product of physiological processes. Recent findings demonstrate that ROS are produced by mitochondria in a controlled way through specialized enzymes, including p66Shc, and take part in cellular process aimed to ensure adaptation and fitness. Therefore, genes generating specifically ROS are selected determinants of life span in response to different environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirella Trinei
- Department of experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy
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47
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Hagopian K, Tomilov AA, Tomilova N, Kim K, Taylor SL, Lam AK, Cortopassi GA, McDonald RB, Ramsey JJ. Shc proteins influence the activities of enzymes involved in fatty acid oxidation and ketogenesis. Metabolism 2012; 61:1703-13. [PMID: 22683097 PMCID: PMC3442136 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2012.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2012] [Revised: 05/08/2012] [Accepted: 05/09/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES ShcKO mice have low body fat and resist weight gain on a high fat diet, indicating that Shc proteins may influence enzymes involved in β-oxidation. To investigate this idea, the activities of β-oxidation and ketone body metabolism enzymes were measured. METHODS The activities of β-oxidation enzymes (acyl-CoA dehydrogenase, 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase and ketoacyl-CoA thiolase) in liver and hindlimb skeletal muscle, ketolytic enzymes (acetoacetyl-CoA thiolase, β-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase and 3-oxoacid-CoA transferase) in skeletal muscle, and ketogenic enzymes (acetoacetyl-CoA thiolase and β-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase) in liver were measured from wild-type and ShcKO mice. RESULTS The activities of β-oxidation enzymes were increased (P<.05) in the ShcKO compared to wild-type mice in the fasted but not the fed state. In contrast, no uniform increases in the ketolytic enzyme activities were observed between ShcKO and wild-type mice. In liver, the activities of ketogenic enzymes were increased (P<.05) in ShcKO compared to wild-type mice in both the fed and fasted states. Levels of phosphorylated hormone sensitive lipase from adipocytes were also increased (P<.05) in fasted ShcKO mice. CONCLUSION These studies indicate that the low Shc levels in ShcKO mice result in increased liver and muscle β-oxidation enzyme activities in response to fasting and induce chronic increases in the activity of liver ketogenic enzymes. Decreases in the level of Shc proteins should be considered as possible contributors to the increase in activity of fatty acid oxidation enzymes in response to physiological conditions which increase reliance on fatty acids as a source of energy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevork Hagopian
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - Alexey A. Tomilov
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - Natalia Tomilova
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - Kyoungmi Kim
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - Sandra L. Taylor
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - Adam K. Lam
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - Gino A. Cortopassi
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - Roger B. McDonald
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - Jon J. Ramsey
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
- Corresponding author s. Department of Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA. Tel: +1 530 754 8122; FAX: +1 530 752 4698;
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The influence of shc proteins and aging on whole body energy expenditure and substrate utilization in mice. PLoS One 2012; 7:e48790. [PMID: 23144971 PMCID: PMC3492242 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0048790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2012] [Accepted: 10/01/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
While it has been proposed that Shc family of adaptor proteins may influence aging by regulating insulin signaling and energy metabolism, the overall impact of Shc proteins on whole body energy metabolism has yet to be elucidated. Thus, the purpose of this study was to determine the influence of Shc proteins and aging on whole body energy metabolism in a mouse model under ambient conditions (22°C) and acute cold exposure (12°C for 24 hours). Using indirect respiration calorimetry, we investigated the impact of Shc proteins and aging on EE and substrate utilization (RQ) in p66 Shc−/− (ShcKO) and wild-type (WT) mice. Calorimetry measurements were completed in 3, 15, and 27 mo mice at 22°C and 12°C. At both temperatures and when analyzed across all age groups, ShcKO mice demonstrated lower 24 h total EE values than that of WT mice when EE data was expressed as either kJ per mouse, or adjusted by body weight or crude organ mass (ORGAN) (P≤0.01 for all). The ShcKO mice also had higher (P<0.05) fed state RQ values than WT animals at 22°C, consistent with an increase in glucose utilization. However, Shc proteins did not influence age-related changes in energy expenditure or RQ. Age had a significant impact on EE at 22°C, regardless of how EE data was expressed (P<0.05), demonstrating a pattern of increase in EE from age 3 to 15 mo, followed by a decrease in EE at 27 mo. These results indicate a decline in whole body EE with advanced age in mice, independent of changes in body weight (BW) or fat free mass (FFM). The results of this study indicate that both Shc proteins and aging should be considered as factors that influence energy expenditure in mice.
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Sone K, Mori M, Mori N. Selective upregulation of p66-Shc gene expression in the liver and brain of aged rats. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2012; 55:744-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.archger.2011.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2011] [Revised: 11/02/2011] [Accepted: 11/04/2011] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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Stern JH, Kim K, Ramsey JJ. The influence of acute, late-life calorie restriction on whole body energy metabolism in p66Shc(-/-) mice. Mech Ageing Dev 2012; 133:414-20. [PMID: 22588161 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2012.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2011] [Revised: 04/12/2012] [Accepted: 05/01/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
It has been proposed that Shc proteins may influence aging by regulating insulin signaling and energy metabolism. Evidence suggests that deletion of p66Shc could partially attenuate weight gain on a high fat diet by increasing energy expenditure. However, the impact of p66Shc on the metabolic response to calorie restriction (CR) has not been determined. Thus, we used indirect respiration calorimetry to determine the impact of CR on energy expenditure (EE) and substrate utilization (RQ) in 18mo p66Shc(-/-) and wild-type (WT) mice. Calorimetry measurements were completed at baseline and following 3d of 40% CR and 2 mo of 26% CR. There was no difference (P>0.10) in EE and RQ between gentoypes, regardless of how EE data was normalized. Both p66Shc(-/-) and WT mice showed decreases (P<0.001) in EE normalized for body weight at 2 mo of CR. However, the response to 3d of CR was different between genotypes with only the p66Shc(-/-) showing a decrease (P<0.001) in 24 h EE expressed per mouse or normalized for body weight. The results indicate that p66Shc does not significantly influence EE in 18 mo mice at baseline or 2 mo of CR, although it may play a role in the EE response to very acute CR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer H Stern
- VM Molecular Biosciences, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
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