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Pethő Z, Pajtás D, Piga M, Magyar Z, Zakany F, Kovacs T, Zidar N, Panyi G, Varga Z, Papp F. A synthetic flavonoid derivate in the plasma membrane transforms the voltage-clamp fluorometry signal of CiHv1. FEBS J 2024. [PMID: 38431775 DOI: 10.1111/febs.17105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Voltage-clamp fluorometry (VCF) enables the study of voltage-sensitive proteins through fluorescent labeling accompanied by ionic current measurements for voltage-gated ion channels. The heterogeneity of the fluorescent signal represents a significant challenge in VCF. The VCF signal depends on where the cysteine mutation is incorporated, making it difficult to compare data among different mutations and different studies and standardize their interpretation. We have recently shown that the VCF signal originates from quenching amino acids in the vicinity of the attached fluorophores, together with the effect of the lipid microenvironment. Based on these, we performed experiments to test the hypothesis that the VCF signal could be altered by amphiphilic quenching molecules in the cell membrane. Here we show that a phenylalanine-conjugated flavonoid (4-oxo-2-phenyl-4H-chromene-7-yl)-phenylalanine, (later Oxophench) has potent effects on the VCF signals of the Ciona intestinalis HV 1 (CiHv1) proton channel. Using spectrofluorimetry, we showed that Oxophench quenches TAMRA (5(6)-carboxytetramethylrhodamine-(methane thiosulfonate)) fluorescence. Moreover, Oxophench reduces the baseline fluorescence in oocytes and incorporates into the cell membrane while reducing the membrane fluidity of HEK293 cells. Our model calculations confirmed that Oxophench, a potent membrane-bound quencher, modifies the VCF signal during conformational changes. These results support our previously published model of VCF signal generation and point out that a change in the VCF signal may not necessarily indicate an altered conformational transition of the investigated protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoltán Pethő
- Department of Biophysics and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Hungary
- Institut für Physiologie II, University of Münster, Germany
| | - Dávid Pajtás
- Department of Biophysics and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Martina Piga
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Zsuzsanna Magyar
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Florina Zakany
- Department of Biophysics and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Tamas Kovacs
- Department of Biophysics and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Nace Zidar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Gyorgy Panyi
- Department of Biophysics and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Zoltan Varga
- Department of Biophysics and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Ferenc Papp
- Department of Biophysics and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Hungary
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Novel flavonoid hybrids as potent antiviral agents against hepatitis A: Design, synthesis and biological evaluation. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 238:114452. [PMID: 35597006 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Two series of flavonoid hybrids, totaling 42 compounds, were designed, synthesized and evaluated to develop antiviral compounds effective against hepatitis A virus (HAV). A recombinant viral screening system revealed that most of the synthesized derivatives exhibited significant anti-HAV activity, and compounds B2, B3, B5 and B27 were identified as potential inhibitors of HAV. Post-treatment of cells with B2, B3, B5 and B27 after HAV infection strongly suppressed HAV infection, whereas pretreatment or simultaneous treatment were ineffective. Furthermore, these four compounds significantly inhibited HAV (HM175/18f strain) production in a dose-dependent manner. Analyses using HAV subgenomic replicon systems indicated that these compounds specifically inhibit HAV RNA replication. More importantly, the most potent compounds B2 and B27 also showed clear inhibitory effects on two other HAV strains, KRM031 and TKM005, which also isolated from clinical patients. Our study is the first to report these newly designed flavonoid hybrids as lead compounds for the development of novel anti-HAV drugs.
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Towards Splicing Therapy for Lysosomal Storage Disorders: Methylxanthines and Luteolin Ameliorate Splicing Defects in Aspartylglucosaminuria and Classic Late Infantile Neuronal Ceroid Lipofuscinosis. Cells 2021; 10:cells10112813. [PMID: 34831035 PMCID: PMC8616534 DOI: 10.3390/cells10112813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Revised: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Splicing defects caused by mutations in the consensus sequences at the borders of introns and exons are common in human diseases. Such defects frequently result in a complete loss of function of the protein in question. Therapy approaches based on antisense oligonucleotides for specific gene mutations have been developed in the past, but they are very expensive and require invasive, life-long administration. Thus, modulation of splicing by means of small molecules is of great interest for the therapy of genetic diseases resulting from splice-site mutations. Using minigene approaches and patient cells, we here show that methylxanthine derivatives and the food-derived flavonoid luteolin are able to enhance the correct splicing of the AGA mRNA with a splice-site mutation c.128-2A>G in aspartylglucosaminuria, and result in increased AGA enzyme activity in patient cells. Furthermore, we also show that one of the most common disease causing TPP1 gene variants in classic late infantile neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis may also be amenable to splicing modulation using similar substances. Therefore, our data suggest that splice-modulation with small molecules may be a valid therapy option for lysosomal storage disorders.
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Włoch A, Strugała-Danak P, Pruchnik H, Krawczyk-Łebek A, Szczecka K, Janeczko T, Kostrzewa-Susłow E. Interaction of 4'-methylflavonoids with biological membranes, liposomes, and human albumin. Sci Rep 2021; 11:16003. [PMID: 34362978 PMCID: PMC8346624 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-95430-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the study was to compare the impact of three synthesized chemical compounds from a group of methylated flavonoids, i.e. 2'-hydroxy-4-methylchalcone (3), 4'-methylflavanone (4), and 4'-methylflavone (5), on a red blood cell membranes (RBCMs), phosphatidylcholine model membranes (PC), and human serum albumin (HSA) in order to investigate their structure-activity relationships. In the first stage of the study, it was proved that all of the compounds tested do not cause hemolysis of red blood cells and, therefore, do not have a toxic effect. In biophysical studies, it was shown that flavonoids have an impact on the hydrophilic and hydrophobic regions of membranes (both RBCMs and PC) causing an increase in packing order of lipid heads and a decrease in fluidity, respectively. Whereas, on the one hand, the magnitude of these changes depends on the type of the compound tested, on the other hand, it also depends on the type of membrane. 4'-Methylflavanone and 4'-methylflavone are located mainly in the hydrophilic part of lipid membranes, while 2'-hydroxy-4-methylchalcone has a greater impact on the hydrophobic area. A fluorescence quenching study proved that compounds (3), (4) and (5) bind with HSA in a process of static quenching. The binding process is spontaneous whereas hydrogen bonding interactions and van der Waals forces play a major role in the interaction between the compounds and HSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Włoch
- Department of Physics and Biophysics, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, C. K. Norwida 25, 50-375, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Paulina Strugała-Danak
- Department of Physics and Biophysics, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, C. K. Norwida 25, 50-375, Wrocław, Poland.
| | - Hanna Pruchnik
- Department of Physics and Biophysics, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, C. K. Norwida 25, 50-375, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Krawczyk-Łebek
- Department of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, C. K. Norwida 25, 50-375, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Karolina Szczecka
- Department of Physics and Biophysics, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, C. K. Norwida 25, 50-375, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Tomasz Janeczko
- Department of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, C. K. Norwida 25, 50-375, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Edyta Kostrzewa-Susłow
- Department of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, C. K. Norwida 25, 50-375, Wrocław, Poland
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Screening of Human Gut Bacterial Culture Collection Identifies Species That Biotransform Quercetin into Metabolites with Anticancer Properties. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22137045. [PMID: 34208885 PMCID: PMC8269047 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22137045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
We previously demonstrated that flavonoid metabolites inhibit cancer cell proliferation through both CDK-dependent and -independent mechanisms. The existing evidence suggests that gut microbiota is capable of flavonoid biotransformation to generate bioactive metabolites including 2,4,6-trihydroxybenzoic acid (2,4,6-THBA), 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid (3,4-DHBA), 3,4,5-trihyroxybenzoic acid (3,4,5-THBA) and 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC). In this study, we screened 94 human gut bacterial species for their ability to biotransform flavonoid quercetin into different metabolites. We demonstrated that five of these species were able to degrade quercetin including Bacillus glycinifermentans, Flavonifractor plautii, Bacteroides eggerthii, Olsenella scatoligenes and Eubacterium eligens. Additional studies showed that B. glycinifermentans could generate 2,4,6-THBA and 3,4-DHBA from quercetin while F. plautii generates DOPAC. In addition to the differences in the metabolites produced, we also observed that the kinetics of quercetin degradation was different between B. glycinifermentans and F. plautii, suggesting that the pathways of degradation are likely different between these strains. Similar to the antiproliferative effects of 2,4,6-THBA and 3,4-DHBA demonstrated previously, DOPAC also inhibited colony formation ex vivo in the HCT-116 colon cancer cell line. Consistent with this, the bacterial culture supernatant of F. plautii also inhibited colony formation in this cell line. Thus, as F. plautii and B. glycinifermentans generate metabolites possessing antiproliferative activity, we suggest that these strains have the potential to be developed into probiotics to improve human gut health.
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The battle against biofilm infections: juglone loaded nanoparticles as an anticandidal agent. J Biotechnol 2020; 316:17-26. [PMID: 32315688 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2020.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Revised: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Sakamoto M, Iino T, Yuki M, Ohkuma M. Lawsonibacter asaccharolyticus gen. nov., sp. nov., a butyrate-producing bacterium isolated from human faeces. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2018; 68:2074-2081. [PMID: 29745868 DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.002800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
An obligately anaerobic, Gram-positive, non-spore-forming, straight rod-shaped bacterium, designated strain 3BBH22T, was isolated from a faecal sample of a healthy Japanese woman. The 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis showed that strain 3BBH22T formed a monophyletic cluster with species in the genera Pseudoflavonifractor and Flavonifractor within the family Ruminococcaceae and had highest similarity to Pseudoflavonifractor capillosus ATCC 29799T (96.7 % sequence similarity), followed by Flavonifractor plautii ATCC 29863T (96.4 %). Acetate and butyrate were produced by strain 3BBH22T as metabolic end-products. The major cellular fatty acids were C14 : 0, C16 : 0, C18 : 1ω9c, C16 : 0 dimethyl acetal, C18 : 0 and C18 : 2ω6,9c. No respiratory quinones were detected. In contrast to F. plautii JCM 32125T, strain 3BBH22T did not degrade quercetin, one of the flavonoids. P. capillosus JCM 32126T also did not. Strain 3BBH22T was differentiated from P. capillosus JCM 32126T by its inability to hydrolyse aesculin. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 61.2±1.0 mol%. On the basis of these data and the phylogenetic tree based on 89 proteins, strain 3BBH22T represents a novel species in a novel genus of the family Ruminococcaceae, for which the name Lawsonibacter asaccharolyticus gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of L. asaccharolyticus is 3BBH22T (=JCM 32166T=DSM 106493T).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitsuo Sakamoto
- PRIME, Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (AMED), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0074, Japan.,Microbe Division/Japan Collection of Microorganisms, RIKEN BioResource Research Center, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0074, Japan
| | - Takao Iino
- Microbe Division/Japan Collection of Microorganisms, RIKEN BioResource Research Center, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0074, Japan
| | - Masahiro Yuki
- Microbe Division/Japan Collection of Microorganisms, RIKEN BioResource Research Center, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0074, Japan
| | - Moriya Ohkuma
- Microbe Division/Japan Collection of Microorganisms, RIKEN BioResource Research Center, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0074, Japan
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Liu Z, Balasubramanian V, Bhat C, Vahermo M, Mäkilä E, Kemell M, Fontana F, Janoniene A, Petrikaite V, Salonen J, Yli-Kauhaluoma J, Hirvonen J, Zhang H, Santos HA. Quercetin-Based Modified Porous Silicon Nanoparticles for Enhanced Inhibition of Doxorubicin-Resistant Cancer Cells. Adv Healthc Mater 2017; 6. [PMID: 27943644 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201601009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2016] [Revised: 09/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
One of the most challenging obstacles in nanoparticle's surface modification is to achieve the concept that one ligand can accomplish multiple purposes. Upon such consideration, 3-aminopropoxy-linked quercetin (AmQu), a derivative of a natural flavonoid inspired by the structure of dopamine, is designed and subsequently used to modify the surface of thermally hydrocarbonized porous silicon (PSi) nanoparticles. This nanosystem inherits several advanced properties in a single carrier, including promoted anticancer efficiency, multiple drug resistance (MDR) reversing, stimuli-responsive drug release, drug release monitoring, and enhanced particle-cell interactions. The anticancer drug doxorubicin (DOX) is efficiently loaded into this nanosystem and released in a pH-dependent manner. AmQu also effectively quenches the fluorescence of the loaded DOX, thereby allowing the use of the nanosystem for monitoring the intracellular drug release. Furthermore, a synergistic effect with the presence of AmQu is observed in both normal MCF-7 and DOX-resistant MCF-7 breast cancer cells. Due to the similar structure as dopamine, AmQu may facilitate both the interaction and internalization of PSi into the cells. Overall, this PSi-based platform exhibits remarkable superiority in both multifunctionality and anticancer efficiency, making this nanovector a promising system for anti-MDR cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zehua Liu
- Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology; Faculty of Pharmacy; University of Helsinki; FI-00014 Helsinki Finland
| | - Vimalkumar Balasubramanian
- Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology; Faculty of Pharmacy; University of Helsinki; FI-00014 Helsinki Finland
| | - Chinmay Bhat
- Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology; Faculty of Pharmacy; University of Helsinki; FI-00014 Helsinki Finland
| | - Mikko Vahermo
- Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology; Faculty of Pharmacy; University of Helsinki; FI-00014 Helsinki Finland
| | - Ermei Mäkilä
- Laboratory of Industrial Physics; Department of Physics; University of Turku; Turku FI-20014 Finland
| | - Marianna Kemell
- Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry; Department of Chemistry; University of Helsinki; FI-00014 Helsinki Finland
| | - Flavia Fontana
- Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology; Faculty of Pharmacy; University of Helsinki; FI-00014 Helsinki Finland
| | - Agne· Janoniene
- Department of Biothermodynamics and Drug Design; Institute of Biotechnology; Vilnius University; LT-10222 Vilnius Lithuania
| | - Vilma Petrikaite
- Department of Biothermodynamics and Drug Design; Institute of Biotechnology; Vilnius University; LT-10222 Vilnius Lithuania
- Department of Drug Chemistry; Faculty of Pharmacy; Lithuanian University of Health Sciences; LT-44307 Kaunas Lithuania
| | - Jarno Salonen
- Laboratory of Industrial Physics; Department of Physics; University of Turku; Turku FI-20014 Finland
| | - Jari Yli-Kauhaluoma
- Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology; Faculty of Pharmacy; University of Helsinki; FI-00014 Helsinki Finland
| | - Jouni Hirvonen
- Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology; Faculty of Pharmacy; University of Helsinki; FI-00014 Helsinki Finland
| | - Hongbo Zhang
- Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology; Faculty of Pharmacy; University of Helsinki; FI-00014 Helsinki Finland
- Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences; Harvard University; Cambridge MA 02138 USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science; Åbo Akademi University; Turku 20520 Finland
| | - Hélder A. Santos
- Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology; Faculty of Pharmacy; University of Helsinki; FI-00014 Helsinki Finland
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Interaction of prenylated chalcones and flavanones from common hop with phosphatidylcholine model membranes. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2013; 1838:173-84. [PMID: 24060562 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2013.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2013] [Revised: 08/20/2013] [Accepted: 09/13/2013] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Common hop (Humulus lupulus) constitutes a source of numerous prenylated chalcones such as xanthohumol (XH) and flavanones such as 8-prenylnaringenin (8-PN) and isoxanthohumol (IXH). Range of their biological activities includes estrogenic, anti-inflammatory, anti-infective, anti-cancer, and antioxidant activities. The aim of the present work was to characterize the influence of prenylated polyphenols on model 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DPPC) membranes by means of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), fluorescence and attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopies. All studied compounds intercalated into DPPC bilayers and decreased its melting temperature as recorded by DSC, Laurdan and Prodan fluorescence, and ATR-FTIR. Polyphenols interacted mainly with glycerol backbone and acyl chain region of membrane. Magnitude of the induced effect correlated both with lipophilicity and molecular shape of the studied compounds. Elbow-shaped 8-PN and IXH were locked at polar-apolar region with their prenyl chains penetrating into hydrophobic part of the bilayer, while relatively planar XH molecule adopted linear shape that resulted in its deeper insertion into hydrophobic region. Additionally, by means of DSC and Laurdan fluorescence IXH was demonstrated to induce lateral phase separation in DPPC bilayers in gel-like state. It was assumed that IXH-rich and IXH-poor microdomains appeared within membrane. Present work constitutes the first experimental report describing interactions of prenylated hop polyphenols with phospholipid model membranes.
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Kongkamnerd J, Milani A, Cattoli G, Terregino C, Capua I, Beneduce L, Gallotta A, Pengo P, Fassina G, Monthakantirat O, Umehara K, De-Eknamkul W, Miertus S. The Quenching Effect of Flavonoids on 4-Methylumbelliferone, a Potential Pitfall in Fluorimetric Neuraminidase Inhibition Assays. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 16:755-64. [DOI: 10.1177/1087057111409221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Many assays aimed to test the inhibitory effects of synthetic molecules, and naturally occurring products on the neuraminidase activity exploit the hydrolysis of 2′-O-(4-methylumbelliferyl)-N-acetylneuraminic acid (4-MUNANA). The amount of the released product, 4-methylumbelliferone (4-MU), is then measured fluorimetrically. The authors attempted an analysis of the inhibitory properties of 35 naturally occurring flavonoids on neuraminidase N3, where only 29 of them were sufficiently soluble in the assay medium. During the analysis, the authors noticed a strong quenching effect due to the test compounds on the fluorescence of 4-MU. The quenching constants for the flavonoids were determined according to the Stern-Volmer approach. The extent of fluorescence reduction due to quenching and the magnitude of the fluorescence reduction measured in the inhibition assays were comparable: for 11 of 29 compounds, the two values were found to be coincident within the experimental uncertainty. These data were statistically analyzed for correlation by calculating the pertinent Pearson correlation coefficient. Inhibition and quenching were found to be positively correlated (r = 0.71, p(uncorr) = 1.5 × 10−5), and the correlation was maintained for the whole set of tested compounds. Altogether, the collected data imply that all of the tested flavonoids could produce false-positive results in the neuraminidase inhibition assay using 4-MUNANA as a substrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jarinrat Kongkamnerd
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Adelaide Milani
- OIE, FAO, and National Reference Laboratory for Avian Influenza and Newcastle Disease, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Padova, Italy
| | - Giovanni Cattoli
- OIE, FAO, and National Reference Laboratory for Avian Influenza and Newcastle Disease, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Padova, Italy
| | - Calogero Terregino
- OIE, FAO, and National Reference Laboratory for Avian Influenza and Newcastle Disease, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Padova, Italy
| | - Ilaria Capua
- OIE, FAO, and National Reference Laboratory for Avian Influenza and Newcastle Disease, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Padova, Italy
| | - Luca Beneduce
- Xeptagen SpA, VEGA Science Park Building Auriga, Marghera-Venezia, Italy
| | - Andrea Gallotta
- Xeptagen SpA, VEGA Science Park Building Auriga, Marghera-Venezia, Italy
| | - Paolo Pengo
- Xeptagen SpA, VEGA Science Park Building Auriga, Marghera-Venezia, Italy
| | - Giorgio Fassina
- Xeptagen SpA, VEGA Science Park Building Auriga, Marghera-Venezia, Italy
| | | | - Kaoru Umehara
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Wanchai De-Eknamkul
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Stanislav Miertus
- ICS-UNIDO, International Centre for Science and High Technology of the United Nations Industrial Development Organization, Trieste, Italy
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Ali K, Maltese F, Choi YH, Verpoorte R. Metabolic constituents of grapevine and grape-derived products. PHYTOCHEMISTRY REVIEWS : PROCEEDINGS OF THE PHYTOCHEMICAL SOCIETY OF EUROPE 2010; 9:357-378. [PMID: 20835385 PMCID: PMC2928446 DOI: 10.1007/s11101-009-9158-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2009] [Accepted: 10/22/2009] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The numerous uses of the grapevine fruit, especially for wine and beverages, have made it one of the most important plants worldwide. The phytochemistry of grapevine is rich in a wide range of compounds. Many of them are renowned for their numerous medicinal uses. The production of grapevine metabolites is highly conditioned by many factors like environment or pathogen attack. Some grapevine phytoalexins have gained a great deal of attention due to their antimicrobial activities, being also involved in the induction of resistance in grapevine against those pathogens. Meanwhile grapevine biotechnology is still evolving, thanks to the technological advance of modern science, and biotechnologists are making huge efforts to produce grapevine cultivars of desired characteristics. In this paper, important metabolites from grapevine and grape derived products like wine will be reviewed with their health promoting effects and their role against certain stress factors in grapevine physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kashif Ali
- Division of Pharmacognosy, Section Metabolomics, Institute of Biology, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, P.O. Box 9502, 2333 CC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Federica Maltese
- Division of Pharmacognosy, Section Metabolomics, Institute of Biology, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, P.O. Box 9502, 2333 CC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Young Hae Choi
- Division of Pharmacognosy, Section Metabolomics, Institute of Biology, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, P.O. Box 9502, 2333 CC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Robert Verpoorte
- Division of Pharmacognosy, Section Metabolomics, Institute of Biology, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, P.O. Box 9502, 2333 CC Leiden, The Netherlands
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Tsuchiya H. Structure-dependent membrane interaction of flavonoids associated with their bioactivity. Food Chem 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2009.11.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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13
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Carlier JP, Bedora-Faure M, K'ouas G, Alauzet C, Mory F. Proposal to unify Clostridium orbiscindens Winter et al. 1991 and Eubacterium plautii (Séguin 1928) Hofstad and Aasjord 1982, with description of Flavonifractor plautii gen. nov., comb. nov., and reassignment of Bacteroides capillosus to Pseudoflavonifractor capillosus gen. nov., comb. nov. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2009; 60:585-590. [PMID: 19654357 DOI: 10.1099/ijs.0.016725-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
We isolated several strains from various clinical samples (five samples of blood, four of intra-abdominal pus and one of infected soft tissue) that were anaerobic, motile or non-motile and Gram-positive rods. Some of the strains formed spores. Phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequence showed that these organisms could be placed within clostridial cluster IV as defined by Collins et al. [(1994). Int J Syst Bacteriol 44, 812-826] and shared more than 99 % sequence similarity with Clostridium orbiscindens DSM 6740(T) and Eubacterium plautii DSM 4000(T). Together, they formed a distinct cluster, with Bacteroides capillosus ATCC 29799(T) branching off from this line of descent with sequence similarities of 97.1-97.4 %. The next nearest neighbours of these organisms were Clostridium viride, Oscillibacter valericigenes, Papillibacter cinnamivorans and Sporobacter termitidis, with sequence similarities to the respective type strains of 93.1-93.4, 91.2-91.4, 89.8-90 and 88.7-89.3 %. On the basis of biochemical properties, phylogenetic position, DNA G+C content and DNA-DNA hybridization, it is proposed to unify Clostridium orbiscindens and Eubacterium plautii in a new genus as Flavonifractor plautii gen. nov., comb. nov., with the type strain Prévot S1(T) (=ATCC 29863(T) =VPI 0310(T) =DSM 4000(T)), and to reassign Bacteroides capillosus to Pseudoflavonifractor capillosus gen. nov., comb. nov., with the type strain CCUG 15402A(T) (=ATCC 29799(T) =VPI R2-29-1(T)).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Philippe Carlier
- Centre National de Référence des Bactéries Anaérobies et du Botulisme, Institut Pasteur, 25 rue du Dr Roux, F-75724 Paris Cedex 15, France
| | - Marie Bedora-Faure
- Centre National de Référence des Bactéries Anaérobies et du Botulisme, Institut Pasteur, 25 rue du Dr Roux, F-75724 Paris Cedex 15, France
| | - Guylène K'ouas
- Centre National de Référence des Bactéries Anaérobies et du Botulisme, Institut Pasteur, 25 rue du Dr Roux, F-75724 Paris Cedex 15, France
| | - Corentine Alauzet
- Centre Hospitalier et Universitaire de Nancy, Hôpital Central, Laboratoire de Bactériologie, 29 avenue du Maréchal de Lattre de Tassigny, F-54035 Nancy Cedex, France
| | - Francine Mory
- Centre Hospitalier et Universitaire de Nancy, Hôpital Central, Laboratoire de Bactériologie, 29 avenue du Maréchal de Lattre de Tassigny, F-54035 Nancy Cedex, France
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Würdemann D, Tindall BJ, Pukall R, Lünsdorf H, Strömpl C, Namuth T, Nahrstedt H, Wos-Oxley M, Ott S, Schreiber S, Timmis KN, Oxley APA. Gordonibacter pamelaeae gen. nov., sp. nov., a new member of the Coriobacteriaceae isolated from a patient with Crohn's disease, and reclassification of Eggerthella hongkongensis Lau et al. 2006 as Paraeggerthella hongkongensis gen. nov., comb. nov. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2009; 59:1405-15. [PMID: 19502325 DOI: 10.1099/ijs.0.005900-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A strictly anaerobic, Gram-positive, short-rod/coccobacillus-shaped bacterial strain, designated 7-10-1-b(T), was isolated from the colon of a patient suffering from acute Crohn's disease. The isolate formed small, pale-white, semi-translucent colonies on solid cultivation media. The strain was catalase-positive and metabolized only a small number of carbon sources. Whole-cell fatty acids consisted predominantly of saturated fatty acids (89 %), of which 15 : 0 anteiso was the major component. The polar lipids phosphatidylglycerol and diphosphatidylglycerol as well as four glycolipids were identified. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis revealed that the isolate represents a distinct lineage within the family Coriobacteriaceae and has 94.6 % identity to the type strain of [Eggerthella] hongkongensis, the phylogenetically closest bacterial species. On the basis of the analyses performed, the new genus and species Gordonibacter pamelaeae gen. nov., sp. nov. is described, with strain 7-10-1-b(T) (=DSM 19378(T) =CCUG 55131(T)) as the type and only strain of Gordonibacter pamelaeae. Also, based on the chemotaxonomic data obtained for all type strains of the neighbouring genus Eggerthella, we propose that Eggerthella hongkongensis Lau et al. 2006 be transferred to a new genus as Paraeggerthella hongkongensis gen. nov., comb. nov.; the type strain of Paraeggerthella hongkongensis is HKU10(T) (=DSM 16106(T) =CCUG 49250(T)).
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Affiliation(s)
- Dieco Würdemann
- Environmental Microbiology Laboratory, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Inhoffenstr. 7, D-38124 Braunschweig, Germany.
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Wesołowska O, Łania-Pietrzak B, Kuzdzał M, Stanczak K, Mosiadz D, Dobryszycki P, Ozyhar A, Komorowska M, Hendrich AB, Michalak K. Influence of silybin on biophysical properties of phospholipid bilayers. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2007; 28:296-306. [PMID: 17241534 DOI: 10.1111/j.1745-7254.2007.00487.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM Silybin (silibinin) is major biologically active flavonolignan extracted from milk thistle (Sylibum marianum). Its biological activities include hepato-protection, anticancer properties, and antioxidant- and membrane-stabilizing functions. Although membranes are postulated to be one of the cellular targets for silybin, little is known about its interaction with phospholipid bilayers. METHODS In the present work, the interactions of silybin with phosphatidylcholine bilayers were studied in detail using fluorescence spectroscopy, microcalorimetry and electron spin resonance techniques. RESULTS The results showed that silybin interacted with the surface of lipid bilayers. It affected the generalized polarization of the fluorescent probe Prodan, while not influencing the more deeply located Laurdan. Silybin lowered the main phospholipid phase transition temperature as judged by microcalorimetry, and caused the immobilization of spin probe Tempo-palmitate located on the surface of membranes. The mobility of spin probes 5- and 16-doxyl stearic acid was not affected by silybin. Silybin-induced quenching of 1,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene fluorescence indicated that some flavonoid molecules partitioned into the hydrophobic region of membranes, which did not change significantly the biophysical properties of the deeper membrane regions. CONCLUSION Such a behavior of silybin in membranes is in accordance with its postulated biological functions and neglectable side effects of therapies using silybin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Wesołowska
- Department of Biophysics, Wroclaw Medical University, ul Chalubinskiego 10, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland.
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Schoefer L, Braune A, Blaut M. Cloning and expression of a phloretin hydrolase gene from Eubacterium ramulus and characterization of the recombinant enzyme. Appl Environ Microbiol 2004; 70:6131-7. [PMID: 15466559 PMCID: PMC522078 DOI: 10.1128/aem.70.10.6131-6137.2004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Phloretin hydrolase catalyzes the hydrolytic C-C cleavage of phloretin to phloroglucinol and 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propionic acid during flavonoid degradation in Eubacterium ramulus. The gene encoding the enzyme was cloned by screening a gene library for hydrolase activity. The insert of a clone conferring phloretin hydrolase activity was sequenced. Sequence analysis revealed an open reading frame of 822 bp (phy), a putative promoter region, and a terminating stem-loop structure. The deduced amino acid sequence of phy showed similarities to a putative protein of the 2,4-diacetylphloroglucinol biosynthetic operon from Pseudomonas fluorescens. The phloretin hydrolase was heterologously expressed in Escherichia coli and purified. The molecular mass of the native enzyme was approximately 55 kDa as determined by gel filtration. The results of sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and the deduced amino acid sequence of phy indicated molecular masses of 30 and 30.8 kDa, respectively, suggesting that the enzyme is a homodimer. The recombinant phloretin hydrolase catalyzed the hydrolysis of phloretin to equimolar amounts of phloroglucinol and 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propionic acid. The optimal temperature and pH of the catalyzed reaction mixture were 37 degrees C and 7.0, respectively. The K(m) for phloretin was 13 +/- 3 microM and the k(cat) was 10 +/- 2 s(-1). The enzyme did not transform phloretin-2'-glucoside (phloridzin), neohesperidin dihydrochalcone, 1,3-diphenyl-1,3-propandione, or trans-1,3-diphenyl-2,3-epoxy-propan-1-one. The catalytic activity of the phloretin hydrolase was reduced by N-bromosuccinimide, o-phenanthroline, N-ethylmaleimide, and CuCl(2) to 3, 20, 35, and 85%, respectively. Phloroglucinol and 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propionic acid reduced the activity to 54 and 70%, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lilian Schoefer
- Department of Gastrointestinal Microbiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Arthur-Scheunert-Allee 114-116, D-14558 Nuthetal, Germany
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Gutzeit HO, Henker Y, Kind B, Franz A. Specific interactions of quercetin and other flavonoids with target proteins are revealed by elicited fluorescence. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2004; 318:490-5. [PMID: 15120627 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2004.04.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2004] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The fluorogenic properties of quercetin and similar flavonoids common in plants were exploited to analyse their interaction with target proteins. Quercetin produced a strong fluorescent signal upon binding to bovine serum albumin (BSA) and insulin. The fluorescent signal showed saturation kinetics with increasing flavonoid concentrations indicating the presence of defined peptide binding motifs. Other tested proteins showed no fluorescence with the flavonoids. In a comparative study including 22 flavonoids the compounds with fluorogenic properties were identified using our model proteins BSA and insulin and the structural requirements for the fluorogenic property were defined. Only flavones with a high degree of hydroxylation were able to elicit fluorescence. The emitted fluorescence was strongly enhanced at alkaline pH. Finally, an attempt was made to identify intracellular target molecules in live cells. Drosophila follicles showed a distinct staining pattern thus giving evidence that high concentrations of quercetin binding proteins are present in the nuclei and are associated with the ring canals. The presented biochemical and cytological data show that the interaction of the studied flavonoids with target proteins is specific and this finding opens up new experimental possibilities to systematically identify the cellular proteins with specific binding motifs for quercetin or other fluorogenic compounds of medical interest.
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Schoefer L, Mohan R, Schwiertz A, Braune A, Blaut M. Anaerobic degradation of flavonoids by Clostridium orbiscindens. Appl Environ Microbiol 2004; 69:5849-54. [PMID: 14532034 PMCID: PMC201214 DOI: 10.1128/aem.69.10.5849-5854.2003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 184] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
An anaerobic, quercetin-degrading bacterium was isolated from human feces and identified as Clostridium orbiscindens by comparative 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. The organism was tested for its ability to transform several flavonoids. The isolated C. orbiscindens strain converted quercetin and taxifolin to 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid; luteolin and eriodictyol to 3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)propionic acid; and apigenin, naringenin, and phloretin to 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propionic acid, respectively. Genistein and daidzein were not utilized. The glycosidic bonds of luteolin-3-glucoside, luteolin-5-glucoside, naringenin-7-neohesperidoside (naringin), quercetin-3-glucoside, quercetin-3-rutinoside (rutin), and phloretin-2'-glucoside were not cleaved. Based on the intermediates and products detected, pathways for the degradation of the flavonol quercetin and the flavones apigenin and luteolin are proposed. To investigate the numerical importance of C. orbiscindens in the human intestinal tract, a species-specific oligonucleotide probe was designed and tested for its specificity. Application of the probe to fecal samples from 10 human subjects proved the presence of C. orbiscindens in 8 out of the 10 samples tested. The numbers ranged from 1.87 x 10(8) to 2.50 x 10(9) cells g of fecal dry mass(-1), corresponding to a mean count of 4.40 x 10(8) cells g of dry feces(-1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Lilian Schoefer
- Abteilung Gastrointestinale Mikrobiologie, Deutsches Institut für Ernährungsforschung, 14558 Bergholz-Rehbrücke, Germany
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Tsuchiya H, Nagayama M, Tanaka T, Furusawa M, Kashimata M, Takeuchi H. Membrane-rigidifying effects of anti-cancer dietary factors. Biofactors 2002; 16:45-56. [PMID: 14530593 DOI: 10.1002/biof.5520160301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Since several anti-cancer drugs interact with cell membrane lipids, the effects of anti-cancer dietary factors on liposomal membranes with different lipid composition were comparatively studied by measuring fluorescence polarization. Fluidity was imparted on both hydrophobic and hydrophilic regions of lipid bilayers by decreasing cholesterol and increasing unsaturated phosphatidylcholine in membranes. At 0.625-10 microM, (-)-epigallocatechin gallate, genistein, apigenin, resveratrol and a reference anti-cancer drug, doxorubicin, rigidified the tumor cell model membranes consisting of 20 mol% cholesterol and 80 mol% phosphatidylcholine with the acyl chain 18:1/16:0 ratio of 1.0, but not daidzein. They were more effective on the membrane core than the membrane surface. Quercetin showed a biphasic effect on the hydrophobic regions of membrane lipid bilayers to rigidify above 5 microM and fluidize below 2.5 microM. In contrast, anti-cancer dietary factors and doxorubicin were not or much less effective in rigidifying the normal cell model membranes consisting of 40 mol% cholesterol and 60 mol% phosphatidylcholine with the acyl chain 18:1/16:0 ratio of 0.5. The membrane-rigidifying effects were greater depending on a decrease of the cholesterol/phosphatidylcholine ratio and an increase of the phosphatidylcholine unsaturation degree. Membrane-active dietary factors and doxorubicin inhibited the growth of mouse myeloma cells at 10-100 microM, while the growth inhibition by membrane-inactive daidzein was relatively weak. Anti-cancer dietary factors appear to act on more fluid membranes like tumor cells as well as doxorubicin to induce rigidification, especially in the hydrocarbon core of membrane lipids, which is determined by the composition of cholesterol and unsaturated phospholipids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hironori Tsuchiya
- Department of Dental Pharmacology, Asahi University School of Dentistry, Hozumi, Gifu 501-0296, Japan.
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