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Correlations between cerebrospinal fluid homovanillic acid and dopamine transporter SPECT in degenerative parkinsonian syndromes. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2023; 130:513-520. [PMID: 36871130 PMCID: PMC10050014 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-023-02611-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
Both cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) homovanillic acid (HVA) and striatal dopamine transporter (DAT) binding on single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) reflect nigrostriatal dopaminergic function, but studies on the relationship between the two have been limited. It is also unknown whether the reported variance in striatal DAT binding among diseases reflects the pathophysiology or characteristics of the subjects. We included 70 patients with Parkinson's disease (PD), 12 with progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP), 12 with multiple system atrophy, six with corticobasal syndrome, and nine with Alzheimer's disease as disease control, who underwent both CSF analysis and 123I-N-ω-fluoropropyl-2β-carbomethoxy-3β-(4-iodophenyl)nortropane (123I-ioflupane) SPECT. We evaluated the correlation between CSF HVA concentration and the specific binding ratio (SBR) of striatal DAT binding. We also compared the SBR for each diagnosis, controlling for CSF HVA concentration. The correlations between the two were significant in patients with PD (r = 0.34, p = 0.004) and PSP (r = 0.77, p = 0.004). The mean SBR value was the lowest in patients with PSP and was significantly lower in patients with PSP than in those with PD (p = 0.037) after adjusting for CSF HVA concentration. Our study demonstrates that striatal DAT binding correlates with CSF HVA concentration in both PD and PSP, and striatal DAT reduction would be more advanced in PSP than in PD at an equivalent dopamine level. Striatal DAT binding may correlate with dopamine levels in the brain. The pathophysiology of each diagnosis may explain this difference.
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Badillo-Ramírez I, Saniger JM, Rivas-Arancibia S. 5-S-cysteinyl-dopamine, a neurotoxic endogenous metabolite of dopamine: Implications for Parkinson's disease. Neurochem Int 2019; 129:104514. [PMID: 31369776 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2019.104514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Revised: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease worldwide and is characterized for being an idiopathic and multifactorial disease. Extensive research has been conducted to explain the origin of the disease, but it still remains elusive. It is well known that dopamine oxidation, through the endogenous formation of toxic metabolites, is a key process in the activation of a cascade of molecular events that leads to cellular death in the hallmark of PD. Thio-catecholamines, such as 5-S-cysteinyl-dopamine, 5-S-glutathionyl-dopamine and derived benzothiazines, are endogenous metabolites formed in the dopamine oxidative degradation pathway. Those metabolites have been shown to be highly toxic to neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta, activating molecular mechanisms that ultimately lead to neuronal death. In this review we describe the origin, formation and the toxic effects of 5-S-cysteinyl-dopamine and its oxidative derivatives that cause death to dopaminergic neurons. Furthermore, we correlate the formation of those metabolites with the neurodegeneration progress in PD. In addition, we present the reported neuroprotective strategies of products that protect against the cellular damage of those thio-catecholamines. Finally, we discuss the advantages in the use of 5-S-cysteinyl-dopamine as a potential biomarker for PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isidro Badillo-Ramírez
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito externo S/N, Cd. Universitaria, 04510, Ciudad de México, Mexico; Instituto de Ciencias Aplicadas y Tecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito externo S/N, Cd. Universitaria, 04510, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - José M Saniger
- Instituto de Ciencias Aplicadas y Tecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito externo S/N, Cd. Universitaria, 04510, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
| | - Selva Rivas-Arancibia
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito externo S/N, Cd. Universitaria, 04510, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
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Murakami H, Yamamoto K, Yasumoto T, Kimura A, Sakae Y, Nomoto S, Kubota S, Watanabe D, Watanabe K, Saito Y, Yano S, Ono K. Cerebrospinal fluid 5-HIAA concentrations correlate with cardiac uptake of 123I-MIBG during myocardial scintigraphy in drug naïve Parkinson's disease. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2018; 125:1511-1514. [PMID: 30167932 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-018-1917-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2018] [Accepted: 08/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
We examined the correlations between cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) concentrations of homovanillic acid (HVA) and 5-hydroxyindole acetic acid (5-HIAA) and imaging assessment scores, using 123I-Ioflupane SPECT and 123I-MIBG myocardial scintigraphy in 23 drug naïve PD patients. The CSF 5-HIAA concentration correlated with the H/M ratio of the delayed image (r = 0.458, p < 0.05) and the washout rate (r = - 0.642, p < 0.01) of 123I-MIBG myocardial scintigraphy. These correlations suggest some unclarified pathophysiological links between the central serotonergic and cardiac sympathetic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hidetomo Murakami
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Showa University, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8666, Japan
| | - Ken Yamamoto
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Showa University, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8666, Japan
| | - Taro Yasumoto
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Showa University, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8666, Japan
| | - Atsushi Kimura
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Showa University, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8666, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Sakae
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Showa University, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8666, Japan
| | - Shohei Nomoto
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Showa University, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8666, Japan
| | - Satomi Kubota
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Showa University, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8666, Japan
| | - Daishi Watanabe
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Showa University, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8666, Japan
| | - Keiko Watanabe
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Showa University, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8666, Japan
| | - Yu Saito
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Showa University, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8666, Japan
| | - Satoshi Yano
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Showa University, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8666, Japan
| | - Kenjiro Ono
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Showa University, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8666, Japan.
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Slow EJ, Lang AE. Oculogyric crises: A review of phenomenology, etiology, pathogenesis, and treatment. Mov Disord 2017; 32:193-202. [PMID: 28218460 DOI: 10.1002/mds.26910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2016] [Revised: 12/02/2016] [Accepted: 12/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Oculogyric crises are a rare movement disorder characterized by paroxysmal, conjugate, tonic, usually upwards, deviation of the eyes. Causes for oculogyric crises are limited and include complications of dopamine-receptor blocking medications and neurometabolic disorders affecting dopamine metabolism, suggesting that an underlying hypodopaminergic state is important to the pathogenesis. Mimickers of oculogyric crises exist, and we propose diagnostic criteria to distinguish true oculogyric crises. Recognition of oculogyric crises is important for the diagnosis and appropriate treatment of rare disorders, and an approach to investigations in oculogyric crises is proposed. © 2017 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth J Slow
- Movement Disorders Center, Division of Neurology, TWH, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Anthony E Lang
- Movement Disorders Center, Division of Neurology, TWH, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Cao H, Shi J, Cao B, Kang B, Zhang M, Qu Q. Evaluation of the Braak staging of brain pathology with 1 H-MRS in patients with Parkinson’s disease. Neurosci Lett 2017; 660:57-62. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2017.08.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2016] [Revised: 08/08/2017] [Accepted: 08/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Andersen AD, Blaabjerg M, Binzer M, Kamal A, Thagesen H, Kjaer TW, Stenager E, Gramsbergen JBP. Cerebrospinal fluid levels of catecholamines and its metabolites in Parkinson's disease: effect of l-DOPA treatment and changes in levodopa-induced dyskinesia. J Neurochem 2017; 141:614-625. [PMID: 28244186 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.13997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2016] [Revised: 02/09/2017] [Accepted: 02/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Levodopa (l-DOPA, l-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine) is the most effective drug in the symptomatic treatment of Parkinson's disease (PD), but chronic use initiates a maladaptive process leading to l-DOPA-induced dyskinesia (LID). Risk factors for early onset LID include younger age, more severe disease at baseline and higher daily l-DOPA dose, but biomarkers to predict the risk of motor complications are not yet available. Here, we investigated whether CSF levels of catecholamines and its metabolites are altered in PD patients with LID [PD-LID, n = 8)] as compared to non-dyskinetic PD patients receiving l-DOPA (PD-L, n = 6), or not receiving l-DOPA (PD-N, n = 7) as well as non-PD controls (n = 16). PD patients were clinically assessed using the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale and Unified Dyskinesia Rating Scale and CSF was collected after overnight fasting and 1-2 h after oral intake of l-DOPA or other anti-Parkinson medication. CSF catecholamines and its metabolites were analyzed by HPLC with electrochemical detection. We observed (i) decreased levels of dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC) and homovanillic acid in PD patients not receiving l-DOPA (ii) higher dopamine (DA) levels in PD-LID as compared to controls (iii) higher DA/l-DOPA and lower DOPAC/DA ratio's in PD-LID as compared to PD-L and (iv) an age-dependent increase of DA and decrease of DOPAC/DA ratio in controls. These results suggest increased DA release from non-DA cells and deficient DA re-uptake in PD-LID. Monitoring DA and DOPAC in CSF of l-DOPA-treated PD patients may help identify patients at risk of developing LID.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Dammann Andersen
- Department of Neurology, Hospital of Southern Jutland, Sønderborg, Denmark.,Institute of Regional Health Research, Center of Southern Jutland, University of Southern Denmark, Aabenraa, Denmark.,Focused Research Group in Neurology, Hospital of Southern Jutland, Aabenraa, Denmark.,Odense Patient data Exploratory Network, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Morten Blaabjerg
- Department of Neurology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark.,Department of Neurology, Zealand University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Michael Binzer
- Institute of Regional Health Research, Center of Southern Jutland, University of Southern Denmark, Aabenraa, Denmark.,Focused Research Group in Neurology, Hospital of Southern Jutland, Aabenraa, Denmark
| | - Akram Kamal
- Department of Neurology, Zealand University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Helle Thagesen
- Department of Neurology, Zealand University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark
| | | | - Egon Stenager
- Department of Neurology, Hospital of Southern Jutland, Sønderborg, Denmark.,Institute of Regional Health Research, Center of Southern Jutland, University of Southern Denmark, Aabenraa, Denmark.,Focused Research Group in Neurology, Hospital of Southern Jutland, Aabenraa, Denmark.,The Multiple Sclerosis Clinic of Southern Jutland, Vejle, Sonderborg, Esbjerg, Denmark
| | - Jan Bert Paul Gramsbergen
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Neurobiological Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
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Stefani A, Pierantozzi M, Olivola E, Galati S, Cerroni R, D'Angelo V, Hainsworth AH, Saviozzi V, Fedele E, Liguori C. Homovanillic acid in CSF of mild stage Parkinson's disease patients correlates with motor impairment. Neurochem Int 2017; 105:58-63. [PMID: 28108196 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2017.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2016] [Revised: 12/31/2016] [Accepted: 01/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
In Parkinson's disease (PD), several efforts have been spent in order to find biochemical parameters able to identify the progression of the pathological processes at the basis of the disease. It is already known that advanced PD patients manifesting dyskinesia are featured by the high homovanillic acid (HVA)/dopamine (DA) ratio, suggesting the increased turnover of DA in these patients. Less clear is whether similar changes affect mild and moderate stages of the disease (between 1 and 2.5 of Hoehn & Yahr -H&Y- stage). Hence, here we tested whether cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) concentrations of DA and its major metabolites, either 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC) or HVA, correlate with motor performance in mild and moderate PD patients. CSF samples were collected after 2 days of anti-PD drugs washout, via lumbar puncture (LP) performed 130 min following administration of oral levodopa (LD) dose (200 mg). LP timing was determined in light of our previous tests clarifying that 2 h after oral LD administration CSF DA concentration reaches a plateau, which was un-respective of PD stage or duration. DA, DOPAC and HVA were assayed by high performance liquid chromatography in a group of 19 patients, distributed in two groups on the basis of the H&Y stage with a cut-off of 1.5. In these PD patients, HVA was correlated with DOPAC (R = 0,56, p < 0,01) and both HVA and DOPAC CSF levels increased in parallel with the motor impairment. More importantly, HVA correlated with motor impairment measured by the Unified Parkinson's Disease Score -III (UPDRS) (R = 0.61; p < 0.0001). The present findings showed the early alteration of the DA pre-synaptic machinery, as documented by the progressive increase of CSF HVA concentrations, which also correlated with PD motor impairment. Therefore, we suggest the potential use of measuring the CSF HVA level as a possible biomarker of PD stage changes in order to monitor the effectiveness of PD-modifying pharmacological therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Stefani
- Movement Disorders Centre, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy.
| | - Mariangela Pierantozzi
- Movement Disorders Centre, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - Enrica Olivola
- Movement Disorders Centre, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | | | - Rocco Cerroni
- Movement Disorders Centre, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - Vincenza D'Angelo
- Movement Disorders Centre, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - Atticus H Hainsworth
- Stroke & Dementia Research Centre, St George's University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Valentina Saviozzi
- Movement Disorders Centre, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | | | - Claudio Liguori
- Movement Disorders Centre, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
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Yamamoto T, Uchiyama T, Higuchi Y, Asahina M, Hirano S, Yamanaka Y, Kuwabara S. Subthalamic Nucleus Deep Brain Stimulation Modulate Catecholamine Levels with Significant Relations to Clinical Outcome after Surgery in Patients with Parkinson's Disease. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0138462. [PMID: 26394059 PMCID: PMC4578924 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0138462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2015] [Accepted: 08/31/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Aims Although subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation (STN-DBS) is effective in patients with advanced Parkinson’s disease (PD), its physiological mechanisms remain unclear. Because STN-DBS is effective in patients with PD whose motor symptoms are dramatically alleviated by L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-DOPA) treatment, the higher preoperative catecholamine levels might be related to the better clinical outcome after surgery. We aimed to examine the correlation between the preoperative catecholamine levels and postoperative clinical outcome after subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation. The effectiveness of STN-DBS in the patient who responded well to dopaminergic medication suggest the causal link between the dopaminergic system and STN-DBS. We also examined how catecholamine levels were modulated after subthalamic stimulation. Methods In total 25 patients with PD were enrolled (Mean age 66.2 ± 6.7 years, mean disease duration 11.6 ± 3.7 years). Mean levodopa equivalent doses were 1032 ± 34.6 mg before surgery. Cerebrospinal fluid and plasma catecholamine levels were measured an hour after oral administration of antiparkinsonian drugs before surgery. The mean Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale scores (UPDRS) and the Parkinson’s disease Questionnaire-39 (PDQ-39) were obtained before and after surgery. Of the 25 patients, postoperative cerebrospinal fluid and plasma were collected an hour after oral administration of antiparkinsonian drugs during on stimulation at follow up in 11 patients. Results Mean levodopa equivalent doses significantly decreased after surgery with improvement in motor functions and quality of life. The preoperative catecholamine levels had basically negative correlations with postoperative motor scores and quality of life, suggesting that higher preoperative catecholamine levels were related to better outcome after STN-DBS. The preoperative plasma levels of L-DOPA had significantly negative correlations with postoperative UPDRS- III score in off phase three months after STN-DBS. The preoperative cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC) and 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) levels had significantly negative correlations with postoperative UPDRS- III score in off phase one year after STN-DBS and the preoperative CSF homovanilic acid (HVA) levels had significant negative correlations with postoperative UPDRS- III score in on phase three months after STN-DBS. In PDQ-39 SI (summary index), preoperative plasma dopamine (DA) level had significantly negative correlations with postoperative PDQ-39 SI one year after STN-DBS suggesting that higher preoperative plasma DA level resulted in better quality of life (QOL) one year after STN-DBS. The stepwise multiple linear regression study revealed that higher preoperative plasma HVA levels had negative influence on the postoperative motor symptoms (i.e., increase in the score of UPDRS), whereas higher preoperative CSF L-DOPA levels had positive influence on the postoperative motor symptoms and QOL (decrease in the score of UPDRS and PDQ-39 SI) The catecholamine levels were not significantly reduced postoperatively in 11 patients despite the significant reduction in levodopa equivalent doses. Unexpectedly, CSF HVA levels significantly increased from 0.00089±0.0003 ng/μl to 0.002±0.0008 ng/μl after STN-DBS. Conclusion The preoperative catecholamine levels might affect the postoperative motor symptoms and quality of life. The catecholamine levels were not significantly reduced postoperatively despite the significant reduction in levodopa equivalent doses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuya Yamamoto
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Tomoyuki Uchiyama
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
- Department of Neurology, Dokkyo Medical College, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Higuchi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Masato Asahina
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Shigeki Hirano
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Yamanaka
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Satoshi Kuwabara
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
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Jiménez-Jiménez FJ, Alonso-Navarro H, García-Martín E, Agúndez JAG. Cerebrospinal fluid biochemical studies in patients with Parkinson's disease: toward a potential search for biomarkers for this disease. Front Cell Neurosci 2014; 8:369. [PMID: 25426023 PMCID: PMC4227512 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2014.00369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2014] [Accepted: 10/20/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The blood-brain barrier supplies brain tissues with nutrients and filters certain compounds from the brain back to the bloodstream. In several neurodegenerative diseases, including Parkinson's disease (PD), there are disruptions of the blood-brain barrier. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) has been widely investigated in PD and in other parkinsonian syndromes with the aim of establishing useful biomarkers for an accurate differential diagnosis among these syndromes. This review article summarizes the studies reported on CSF levels of many potential biomarkers of PD. The most consistent findings are: (a) the possible role of CSF urate on the progression of the disease; (b) the possible relations of CSF total tau and phosphotau protein with the progression of PD and with the preservation of cognitive function in PD patients; (c) the possible value of CSF beta-amyloid 1-42 as a useful marker of further cognitive decline in PD patients, and (d) the potential usefulness of CSF neurofilament (NFL) protein levels in the differential diagnosis between PD and other parkinsonian syndromes. Future multicentric, longitudinal, prospective studies with long-term follow-up and neuropathological confirmation would be useful in establishing appropriate biomarkers for PD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Elena García-Martín
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of ExtremaduraCáceres, Spain
- AMGenomicsCáceres, Spain
| | - José A. G. Agúndez
- AMGenomicsCáceres, Spain
- Department of Pharmacology, University of ExtremaduraCáceres, Spain
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Hansen FH, Skjørringe T, Yasmeen S, Arends NV, Sahai MA, Erreger K, Andreassen TF, Holy M, Hamilton PJ, Neergheen V, Karlsborg M, Newman AH, Pope S, Heales SJR, Friberg L, Law I, Pinborg LH, Sitte HH, Loland C, Shi L, Weinstein H, Galli A, Hjermind LE, Møller LB, Gether U. Missense dopamine transporter mutations associate with adult parkinsonism and ADHD. J Clin Invest 2014; 124:3107-20. [PMID: 24911152 DOI: 10.1172/jci73778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2013] [Accepted: 04/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinsonism and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are widespread brain disorders that involve disturbances of dopaminergic signaling. The sodium-coupled dopamine transporter (DAT) controls dopamine homeostasis, but its contribution to disease remains poorly understood. Here, we analyzed a cohort of patients with atypical movement disorder and identified 2 DAT coding variants, DAT-Ile312Phe and a presumed de novo mutant DAT-Asp421Asn, in an adult male with early-onset parkinsonism and ADHD. According to DAT single-photon emission computed tomography (DAT-SPECT) scans and a fluoro-deoxy-glucose-PET/MRI (FDG-PET/MRI) scan, the patient suffered from progressive dopaminergic neurodegeneration. In heterologous cells, both DAT variants exhibited markedly reduced dopamine uptake capacity but preserved membrane targeting, consistent with impaired catalytic activity. Computational simulations and uptake experiments suggested that the disrupted function of the DAT-Asp421Asn mutant is the result of compromised sodium binding, in agreement with Asp421 coordinating sodium at the second sodium site. For DAT-Asp421Asn, substrate efflux experiments revealed a constitutive, anomalous efflux of dopamine, and electrophysiological analyses identified a large cation leak that might further perturb dopaminergic neurotransmission. Our results link specific DAT missense mutations to neurodegenerative early-onset parkinsonism. Moreover, the neuropsychiatric comorbidity provides additional support for the idea that DAT missense mutations are an ADHD risk factor and suggests that complex DAT genotype and phenotype correlations contribute to different dopaminergic pathologies.
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Current World Literature. Curr Opin Neurol 2011; 24:409-13. [DOI: 10.1097/wco.0b013e3283499d51] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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