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Food availability alters community co-occurrence patterns at fine spatiotemporal scales in a tropical masting system. Oecologia 2022; 200:169-181. [DOI: 10.1007/s00442-022-05252-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Hazwan M, Samantha LD, Tee SL, Kamarudin N, Norhisham AR, Lechner AM, Azhar B. Habitat fragmentation and logging affect the occurrence of lesser mouse‐deer in tropical forest reserves. Ecol Evol 2022; 12:e8745. [PMID: 35342579 PMCID: PMC8933326 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.8745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to rapid urbanization, logging, and agricultural expansion, forest fragmentation is negatively affecting native wildlife populations throughout the tropics. This study examined the effects of landscape and habitat characteristics on the lesser mouse‐deer, Tragulus kanchil, populations in Peninsular Malaysia. We conducted camera‐trap survey at 315 sampling points located within 8 forest reserves. An assessment of site‐level and landscape variables was conducted at each sampling point. Our study provides critical ecological information for managing and conserving understudied populations of T. kanchil. We found that the detection of T. kanchil was attributed to forest fragmentation in which forest patches had four times greater detection of T. kanchil than continuous forest. The detection of T. kanchil was nearly three times higher in peat swamp forest compared to lowland dipterocarp forests. Surprisingly, the detection of T. kanchil was higher in logged forests (logging ceased at least 30 years ago) than unlogged forests. The detection of T. kanchil increased with the presence of trees, particularly those with DBH of 5 cm to 45 cm, canopy cover, number of saplings and palms, number of dead fallen trees, and distance from nearest roads. However, detection decreased with a greater number of trees with DBH greater than 45 cm and higher elevations, and greater detections where creeping bamboo was abundant. We recommend that conservation stakeholders take the necessary steps (e.g., eradicating poaching, habitat degradation, and further deforestation) to support the conservation of mouse‐deer species and its natural habitats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Hazwan
- Department of Forest Science and Biodiversity Faculty of Forestry and Environment Universiti Putra Malaysia Selangor Malaysia
| | - Liza D. Samantha
- Department of Forest Science and Biodiversity Faculty of Forestry and Environment Universiti Putra Malaysia Selangor Malaysia
| | - Sze Ling Tee
- Department of Forest Science and Biodiversity Faculty of Forestry and Environment Universiti Putra Malaysia Selangor Malaysia
| | - Norizah Kamarudin
- Department of Forest Science and Biodiversity Faculty of Forestry and Environment Universiti Putra Malaysia Selangor Malaysia
| | - Ahmad R. Norhisham
- Department of Forest Science and Biodiversity Faculty of Forestry and Environment Universiti Putra Malaysia Selangor Malaysia
| | - Alex M. Lechner
- School of Environmental and Geographical Sciences University of Nottingham Malaysia Selangor Malaysia
- Lincoln Centre for Water and Planetary Health Lincoln UK
- School of Geography University of Lincoln Lincoln UK
| | - Badrul Azhar
- Department of Forest Science and Biodiversity Faculty of Forestry and Environment Universiti Putra Malaysia Selangor Malaysia
- School of Environmental and Geographical Sciences University of Nottingham Malaysia Selangor Malaysia
- Biodiversity Unit Institute of Bioscience Universiti Putra Malaysia Selangor Malaysia
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3
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Havmøller LW, Loftus JC, Havmøller RW, Alavi SE, Caillaud D, Grote MN, Hirsch BT, Tórrez‐Herrera LL, Kays R, Crofoot MC. Arboreal monkeys facilitate foraging of terrestrial frugivores. Biotropica 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/btp.13017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Linnea W. Havmøller
- Natural History Museum of Denmark, Research and Collections University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark
- Department for the Ecology of Animal Societies Max Planck Institute of Animal Behavior Konstanz Germany
- Department of Anthropology University of California Davis Davis California USA
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute Balboa Ancón Republic of Panama
| | - J. Carter Loftus
- Department for the Ecology of Animal Societies Max Planck Institute of Animal Behavior Konstanz Germany
- Department of Anthropology University of California Davis Davis California USA
- Department of Biology University of Konstanz Konstanz Germany
- Centre for the Advanced Study of Collective Behavior University of Konstanz Konstanz Germany
| | - Rasmus W. Havmøller
- Natural History Museum of Denmark, Research and Collections University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark
- Department for the Ecology of Animal Societies Max Planck Institute of Animal Behavior Konstanz Germany
- Department of Anthropology University of California Davis Davis California USA
| | - Shauhin E. Alavi
- Department for the Ecology of Animal Societies Max Planck Institute of Animal Behavior Konstanz Germany
- Department of Biology University of Konstanz Konstanz Germany
- Centre for the Advanced Study of Collective Behavior University of Konstanz Konstanz Germany
| | - Damien Caillaud
- Department of Anthropology University of California Davis Davis California USA
| | - Mark N. Grote
- Department of Anthropology University of California Davis Davis California USA
| | - Ben T. Hirsch
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute Balboa Ancón Republic of Panama
- College of Science and Engineering James Cook University Douglas Queensland Australia
| | | | - Roland Kays
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute Balboa Ancón Republic of Panama
- North Carolina Museum of Natural Sciences Raleigh North Carolina USA
- Department of Forestry and Environmental Resources North Carolina State University Raleigh North Carolina USA
| | - Margaret C. Crofoot
- Department for the Ecology of Animal Societies Max Planck Institute of Animal Behavior Konstanz Germany
- Department of Anthropology University of California Davis Davis California USA
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute Balboa Ancón Republic of Panama
- Department of Biology University of Konstanz Konstanz Germany
- Centre for the Advanced Study of Collective Behavior University of Konstanz Konstanz Germany
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4
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Affiliation(s)
- Binod Borah
- Dept of Biology and Ecology Center, Utah State Univ. Logan UT USA
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Tsuji Y, Campos-Arceiz A, Prasad S, Kitamura S, McConkey KR. Intraspecific differences in seed dispersal caused by differences in social rank and mediated by food availability. Sci Rep 2020; 10:1532. [PMID: 32001788 PMCID: PMC6992765 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-58381-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
We use individual-based information on the behavior of wild female Japanese macaques in two consecutive years with different food availability (nut-rich vs. nut-poor) to test effects of dominance rank and nut fruiting on seed dispersal parameters. We predicted that social rank would affect dispersal (1) quantity, (2) quality, (3) species richness, and (4) percentage of berries in the diet in the nut-poor year, while these differences would disappear in the nut-rich year. We found seeds of nine fleshy-fruited plant species in the feces of the monkeys. The frequency of seed occurrence for two plant species (Viburnum dilatatum and Rosa multiflora) showed an interaction between dominance ranks and years; in the nut-poor year V. dilatatum seeds were more abundant among dominant females and R. multiflora among subordinates, while such inter-rank differences disappeared in the nut-rich year. Similarly, the intact ratio of V. dilatatum seeds was lower for dominants in the nut-poor year, while inter-rank variations disappeared in the nut-rich year. Finally, percentage of berries in diet and seed richness showed no inter-annual nor inter-rank variations. Our study highlights that differences in individuals’ social rank lead to within-group variation in seed dispersal services and that these differences are dependent on nut availability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yamato Tsuji
- Primate Research Institute, Kyoto University, 41-2 Kanrin, Inuyama, Aichi, 484-8506, Japan.
| | - Ahimsa Campos-Arceiz
- School of Environmental and Geographical Sciences, The University of Nottingham Malaysia, Jalan Broga, Semenyih, Selangor, 43500, Malaysia
| | - Soumya Prasad
- National Institute of Advanced Studies, Indian Institute of Science Campus, Bengaluru, 5600012, India
| | - Shumpei Kitamura
- Ishikawa Prefectural University, 1-308, Suematsu, Nonoichi, Ishikawa, 921-8836, Japan
| | - Kim R McConkey
- School of Environmental and Geographical Sciences, The University of Nottingham Malaysia, Jalan Broga, Semenyih, Selangor, 43500, Malaysia.,National Institute of Advanced Studies, Indian Institute of Science Campus, Bengaluru, 5600012, India
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Delibes M, Castañeda I, Fedriani JM. Spitting Seeds From the Cud: A Review of an Endozoochory Exclusive to Ruminants. Front Ecol Evol 2019. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2019.00265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Naoe S, Masaki T, Sakai S. Effects of temporal variation in community-level fruit abundance on seed dispersal by birds across woody species. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY 2018; 105:1792-1801. [PMID: 30303524 DOI: 10.1002/ajb2.1173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2018] [Accepted: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
PREMISE OF THE STUDY In animal-dispersed plants, seed dispersal patterns of the same species in the same habitat can greatly differ among individuals and temporally. Many studies have revealed the pervasive effects of spatial variation in fruit abundance on seed dispersal of individual plants. By contrast, very few studies have investigated the temporal variation in seed dispersal. METHODS We investigated the effects of conspecific and community-level fruit abundance on fruit removal rate and seed dispersal distance of six bird-dispersed woody species in a Japanese temperate forest for 3 yr. The six species share similar fruit characteristics but have different fruiting seasons. In addition, we also considered the effects of bird seasonality in diet and species composition on seed dispersal. KEY RESULTS Inter-annual and inter-seasonal variation in community-level fruit abundance determined both fruit removal and the seed dispersal distance across species, but the effect differed with seasonal changes in bird behavior. Abundant fruit satiated fruit removal by birds only during fruit-feeding periods, not during insect-feeding periods. A scarcity of fruit increased the dispersal distance, but only during the migratory period. This difference was probably due to the different foraging behaviors of passing migrants and territorial birds. CONCLUSIONS Our results illustrated that temporal variation in community-level fruit abundance could be a determining factor for seed dispersal in temperate forests. The effects of temporal variations in fruit abundance on seed dispersal patterns should be investigated in other ecosystems in order to understand their importance and associations with frugivore phenology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoji Naoe
- Center for Ecological Research, Kyoto University, Hirano 2-509-3, Otsu, Shiga, 520-2113, Japan
| | - Takashi Masaki
- Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, Matsunosato 1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8687, Japan
| | - Shoko Sakai
- Center for Ecological Research, Kyoto University, Hirano 2-509-3, Otsu, Shiga, 520-2113, Japan
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McConkey KR, Nathalang A, Brockelman WY, Saralamba C, Santon J, Matmoon U, Somnuk R, Srinoppawan K. Different megafauna vary in their seed dispersal effectiveness of the megafaunal fruit Platymitra macrocarpa (Annonaceae). PLoS One 2018; 13:e0198960. [PMID: 30020929 PMCID: PMC6051586 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0198960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2017] [Accepted: 05/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The world’s largest terrestrial animals (megafauna) can play profound roles in seed dispersal. Yet, the term ‘megafauna’ is often used to encompass a diverse range of body sizes and physiologies of, primarily, herbivorous animals. To determine the extent to which these animals varied in their seed dispersal effectiveness (SDE), we compared the contribution of different megafauna for the large-fruited Platymitra macrocarpa (Annonaceae), in a tropical evergreen forest in Thailand. We quantified ‘seed dispersal effectiveness’ by measuring the quantity and quality contributions of all consumers of P. macrocarpa fruit. Seed dispersal quantity was the proportion of the crop consumed by each species. Quality was defined as the proportion of seeds handled by each animal taxon that survived to produce a 2-month seedling. Megafauna (elephants, sambar deer, bears) dispersed 78% of seeds that produced seedlings, with 21% dispersed by gibbons (a medium-sized frugivore). The main megafaunal consumers displayed different dispersal strategies. Elephants were the most effective dispersers (37% of seedlings) and they achieved this by being high-quality and low-quantity dispersers. Bears displayed a similar strategy but were especially rare visitors to the trees (24% of the total seedlings produced). Sambar were high-quantity dispersers, but most seeds they handled did not survive and they were responsible for only 17% of seedlings. Gibbons displayed a high SDE relative to their body size, but they probably cannot match the role of elephants despite being more regular consumers of the fruit. The low density and poor regeneration of P. macrocarpa in the study site suggest that current dispersal rates by megafauna are insufficient, possibly reflecting reduced or missing megafauna populations. We show that different megafaunal species disperse seeds in different ways and may make unique contributions to the reproductive success of the plant species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim R. McConkey
- School of Natural Sciences and Engineering, National Institute of Advanced Studies, Indian Institute of Science Campus, Bangalore, India
- School of Geography, University of Nottingham Malaysia Campus, Semenyih, Selangor, Malaysia
- * E-mail: (KRM); (AN)
| | - Anuttara Nathalang
- Ecology Lab, BIOTEC, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Pathum Thani, Thailand
- * E-mail: (KRM); (AN)
| | - Warren Y. Brockelman
- Ecology Lab, BIOTEC, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Pathum Thani, Thailand
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University–Salaya, Phutthamonthon, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
| | - Chanpen Saralamba
- Conservation Biology Program, Mahidol University Kanchanaburi Campus, Sai Yok, Kanchanaburi, Thailand
| | - Jantima Santon
- Ecology Lab, BIOTEC, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Umaporn Matmoon
- Ecology Lab, BIOTEC, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Rathasart Somnuk
- Ecology Lab, BIOTEC, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Kanchit Srinoppawan
- Department of National Parks, Wildlife and Plant Conservation, Chatuchak, Bangkok, Thailand
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Melati BG, Leal LC. Aggressive bodyguards are not always the best: Preferential interaction with more aggressive ant species reduces reproductive success of plant bearing extrafloral nectaries. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0199764. [PMID: 29949639 PMCID: PMC6021078 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0199764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Variation in partner species and frequency of interaction between species pairs are potential drivers of the net outcome of generalized mutualisms. In ant-plant mutualisms, the quality of defence provided by ants is related to ant aggressiveness. Hence, we hypothesize that the performance of plants bearing extrafloral nectaries will be higher when they interact more frequently with more aggressive ant species. We estimated ant aggressiveness in the field by observing their behaviour towards soil baits. Afterwards, we observed the frequency with which individuals from these ant species visited plants through an entire reproductive cycle. We measured the production and persistence of plants reproductive structures through this period and the total seed production. Increasing in the interaction frequency with highly aggressive ants reduced the number of floral buds and seeds produced. Increased visitation frequency by less aggressive ants increased the number of floral buds and seeds per branch. The inverse relationship between ant aggressiveness and seed production may be influenced by the costs imposed by different mutualistic partners. Thus, frequent interaction with highly aggressive ants may lead to a higher accumulation of costs through time, resulting in a negative net outcome for the plants. Our results bring new evidence highlighting the importance to incorporate temporal aspects in the study of mutualistic interactions. We suggests that the quality of mutualistic partners must be understood as a function of its per-interaction benefit and their cumulative costs to their partner over time, what puts in check our current classification regarding partner quality in mutualistic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Gabriel Melati
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ecologia e Evolução, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, Novo Horizonte, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Laura Carolina Leal
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ecologia e Evolução, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, Novo Horizonte, Bahia, Brazil
- Departamento de Ecologia e Biologia Evolutiva, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Diadema, São Paulo, Brazil
- * E-mail:
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10
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McConkey KR. Seed Dispersal by Primates in Asian Habitats: From Species, to Communities, to Conservation. INT J PRIMATOL 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10764-017-0013-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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11
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Hamilton D, Singleton R, Joslin JD. Resource tracking and its conservation implications for an obligate frugivore (Procnias tricarunculatus, the three-wattled bellbird). Biotropica 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/btp.12502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Debra Hamilton
- Monteverde Institute; Apdo 69-5655 Monteverde Puntarenas Costa Rica
- Fundación Conservacionista Costarricense; Sede Chunches Santa Elena Puntarenas Costa Rica
| | - Rhine Singleton
- Franklin Pierce University; 40 University Drive Rindge NH 03461 USA
| | - John D. Joslin
- Monteverde Institute; Apdo 69-5655 Monteverde Puntarenas Costa Rica
- Fundación Conservacionista Costarricense; Sede Chunches Santa Elena Puntarenas Costa Rica
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Tiribelli F, Amico GC, Sasal Y, Morales JM. The effect of spatial context and plant characteristics on fruit removal. ACTA OECOLOGICA 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.actao.2017.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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13
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Blendinger PG. Functional Equivalence in Seed Dispersal Effectiveness of Podocarpus parlatorei in Andean Fruit-Eating Bird Assemblages. Front Ecol Evol 2017. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2017.00057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
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14
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Frugivore-Mediated Selection in A Habitat Transformation Scenario. Sci Rep 2017; 7:45371. [PMID: 28349942 PMCID: PMC5368566 DOI: 10.1038/srep45371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2016] [Accepted: 02/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant-animal interactions are strong drivers of phenotypic evolution. However, the extent to which anthropogenic habitat transformation creates new selective scenarios for plant-animal interactions is a little explored subject. We examined the effects of native forest replacement by exotic Eucalyptus trees on the frugivore-mediated phenotypic selection coefficients imposed by the relict marsupial Dromiciops gliroides upon traits involved in frugivore attraction and germination success of the mistletoe Tristerix corymbosus (Loranthaceae). We found significant gradients for seed weight and sugar content along the native - transformed habitat gradient. While selection for larger seed weight was more relevant in native habitats, fruits with intermediate sugar content were promoted in transformed habitats. The spatial habitat structure and microclimate features such as the degree of sunlight received influenced the natural selection processes, as they correlated with the phenotypic traits analysed. The response of this plant-frugivore interaction to human disturbance seemed to be context-dependent, in which extremely transformed habitats would offer new opportunities for natural selection on dispersal-related traits. Even in recent transformation events like this, human disturbance acts as a strong contemporary evolution driver.
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Mellado A, Zamora R. Spatial heterogeneity of a parasitic plant drives the seed‐dispersal pattern of a zoochorous plant community in a generalist dispersal system. Funct Ecol 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.12524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Mellado
- Department of Ecology Terrestrial Ecology Research Group University of Granada Av. Fuentenueva s/n E‐18071 Granada Spain
| | - Regino Zamora
- Department of Ecology Terrestrial Ecology Research Group University of Granada Av. Fuentenueva s/n E‐18071 Granada Spain
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16
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The Asian elephant is amongst the top three frugivores of two tree species with easily edible fruit. JOURNAL OF TROPICAL ECOLOGY 2015. [DOI: 10.1017/s0266467415000346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Abstract:Large animal species are prone to local extirpation, but ecologists cannot yet predict how the loss of megaherbivores affects ecosystem processes such as seed dispersal. Few studies have compared the quantity and quality of seed dispersal by megaherbivores versus alternative frugivores in the wild, particularly for plant species with fruit easily consumed by many frugivorous species. In a disturbed tropical moist forest in India, we examine whether megaherbivores are a major frugivore of two tree species with easily edible, mammal-dispersed fruit. We quantify the relative fruit removal rates of Artocarpus chaplasha and Careya arborea, by the Asian elephant (Elephas maximus) and alternative dispersers. Through focal watches and camera trapping, we found the elephant to be amongst the top three frugivores for each tree species. Furthermore, seed transects under A. chaplasha show that arboreal frugivores discard seeds only a short distance from the parental tree, underscoring the elephant's role as a long-distance disperser. Our data provide unprecedented support for an old notion: megaherbivores may be key dispersers for a broad set of mammal-dispersed fruiting species, and not just fruit inaccessible to smaller frugivores. As such, the elephant may be particularly important for the functional ecology of the disturbed forests it still inhabits across tropical Asia.
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Ratiarison S, Forget PM. Fruit availability, frugivore satiation and seed removal in 2 primate-dispersed tree species. Integr Zool 2015; 6:178-94. [PMID: 21910838 DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-4877.2011.00243.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
During a mast-fruiting event we investigated spatial variability in fruit availability, consumption, and seed removal at two sympatric tree species, Manilkara bidentata and M. huberi (Sapotaceae) at Nouragues Natural Reserve, French Guiana. We addressed the question of how Manilkara density and fruits at the community level might be major causes of variability in feeding assemblages between tree species. We thus explored how the frugivore assemblages differed between forest patches with contrasting relative Manilkara density and fruiting context. During the daytime, Alouatta seniculus was more often observed in M. huberi crowns at Petit Plateau (PP) with the greatest density of Manilkara spp. and the lowest fruit diversity and availability, whereas Cebus apella and Saguinus midas were more often observed in M. bidentata crowns at both Grand Plateau (GP), with a lowest density of M. bidentata and overall greater fruit supply, and PP. Overall, nearly 53% and 15% of the M. bidentata seed crop at GP and PP, respectively, and about 47% of the M. huberi seed crop were removed, otherwise either spit out or defecated beneath trees, or dropped in fruits. Small-bodied primates concentrated fallen seeds beneath parent trees while large-bodied primate species removed and dispersed more seeds away from parents. However, among the latter, satiated A. seniculus wasted seeds under conspecific trees at PP. Variations in feeding assemblages, seed removal rates and fates possibly reflected interactions with extra-generic fruit species at the community level, according to feeding choice, habitat preferences and ranging patterns of primate species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Ratiarison
- Department of Ecology and Management of Biodiversity, Museum of Natural History Museum (MNHN), Brunoy, France.
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18
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Prasad S, Krishnadas M, McConkey KR, Datta A. The tangled causes of population decline in two harvested plant species: a comment on Ticktinet al. (2012). J Appl Ecol 2014. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2664.12170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Soumya Prasad
- TE-13, Biological Sciences Building; Centre for Ecological Sciences; Indian Institute of Science; Bangalore 560055 India
- Nature Science Initiative; 36 Curzon Road Dehradun 248001 India
- School of Natural Sciences and Engineering; National Institute of Advanced Studies; Indian Institute of Science Campus; Bangalore 560055 India
| | - Meghna Krishnadas
- Department of Evolution, Ecology; and Organismal Biology; Ohio State University; 318 W. 12th Avenue Columbus OH 43210-1293 USA
| | - Kim R. McConkey
- School of Natural Sciences and Engineering; National Institute of Advanced Studies; Indian Institute of Science Campus; Bangalore 560055 India
- A.V. Rama Rao Research Foundation; 54 Sai Enclave; Hyderabad 500 007 India
| | - Aparajita Datta
- Nature Conservation Foundation; 3076/5, IV Cross; Gokulam Park Mysore 570 002 India
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19
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Ticktin T, Ganesan R, Paramesha M, Setty S. Disentangling, again, the drivers of population decline for two harvested species: a response to Prasadet al. (). J Appl Ecol 2014. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2664.12249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tamara Ticktin
- Botany Department; University of Hawai‘i at Mānoa; Honolulu HI 96822 USA
| | - Rengaian Ganesan
- Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment (ATREE); Royal Enclave; Sriramapura Jakkur Post Bangalore 560064 India
| | - Mallegowda Paramesha
- Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment (ATREE); Royal Enclave; Sriramapura Jakkur Post Bangalore 560064 India
| | - Siddappa Setty
- Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment (ATREE); Royal Enclave; Sriramapura Jakkur Post Bangalore 560064 India
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Rodríguez-Pérez J, García D, Martínez D. Spatial networks of fleshy-fruited trees drive the flow of avian seed dispersal through a landscape. Funct Ecol 2014. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.12276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Javier Rodríguez-Pérez
- Depto. Biología de Organismos y Sistemas; Universidad de Oviedo and Unidad Mixta de Investigación en Biodiversidad (UMIB, CSIC-Uo-PA); Oviedo E-33071 Spain
| | - Daniel García
- Depto. Biología de Organismos y Sistemas; Universidad de Oviedo and Unidad Mixta de Investigación en Biodiversidad (UMIB, CSIC-Uo-PA); Oviedo E-33071 Spain
| | - Daniel Martínez
- Depto. Biología de Organismos y Sistemas; Universidad de Oviedo and Unidad Mixta de Investigación en Biodiversidad (UMIB, CSIC-Uo-PA); Oviedo E-33071 Spain
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21
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Lanan MC, Bronstein JL. An ant's-eye view of an ant-plant protection mutualism. Oecologia 2013; 172:779-90. [PMID: 23515612 DOI: 10.1007/s00442-012-2528-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2012] [Accepted: 11/02/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Ant protection of extrafloral nectar (EFN)-secreting plants is a common form of mutualism found in most habitats around the world. However, very few studies have considered these mutualisms from the ant, rather than the plant, perspective. In particular, a whole-colony perspective that takes into account the spatial structure and nest arrangement of the ant colonies that visit these plants has been lacking, obscuring when and how colony-level foraging decisions might affect tending rates on individual plants. Here, we experimentally demonstrate that recruitment of Crematogaster opuntiae (Buren) ant workers to the EFN-secreting cactus Ferocactus wislizeni (Englem) is not independent between plants up to 5 m apart. Colony territories of C. opuntiae are large, covering areas of up to 5,000 m(2), and workers visit between five and 34 EFN-secreting barrel cacti within the territories. These ants are highly polydomous, with up to 20 nest entrances dispersed throughout the territory and interconnected by trail networks. Our study demonstrates that worker recruitment is not independent within large polydomous ant colonies, highlighting the importance of considering colonies rather than individual workers as the relevant study unit within ant/plant protection mutualisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- M C Lanan
- Arizona Research Laboratories, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA.
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22
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Jadeja S, Prasad S, Quader S, Isvaran K. Antelope mating strategies facilitate invasion of grasslands by a woody weed. OIKOS 2013. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0706.2013.00320.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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23
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Understorey structure and refuges from predators influence habitat use by a small ungulate, the Indian chevrotain (Moschiola indica) in Western Ghats, India. Ecol Res 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s11284-013-1031-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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24
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Côrtes MC, Uriarte M. Integrating frugivory and animal movement: a review of the evidence and implications for scaling seed dispersal. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2012; 88:255-72. [PMID: 23136896 DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-185x.2012.00250.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2012] [Revised: 10/01/2012] [Accepted: 10/05/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
General principles about the consequences of seed dispersal by animals for the structure and dynamics of plant populations and communities remain elusive. This is in part because seed deposition patterns emerge from interactions between frugivore behaviour and the distribution of food resources, both of which can vary over space and time. Here we advocate a frugivore-centred, process-based, synthetic approach to seed dispersal research that integrates seed dispersal ecology and animal movement across multiple spatio-temporal scales. To guide this synthesis, we survey existing literature using paradigms from seed dispersal and animal movement. Specifically, studies are discussed with respect to five criteria: selection of focal organisms (animal or plant); measurement of animal movement; characterization of seed shadow; animal, plant and environmental factors included in the study; and scales of the study. Most studies focused on either frugivores or plants and characterized seed shadows directly by combining gut retention time with animal movement data or indirectly by conducting maternity analysis of seeds. Although organismal traits and environmental factors were often measured, they were seldom used to characterize seed shadows. Multi-scale analyses were rare, with seed shadows mostly characterized at fine spatial scales, over single fruiting seasons, and for individual dispersers. Novel animal- and seed-tracking technologies, remote environmental monitoring tools, and advances in analytical methods can enable effective implementation of a hierarchical mechanistic approach to the study of seed dispersal. This kind of mechanistic approach will provide novel insights regarding the complex interplay between the factors that modulate animal behaviour and subsequently influence seed dispersal patterns across spatial and temporal scales.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Corrêa Côrtes
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Biology, Columbia University in City of New York, 1200 Amsterdam Avenue, New York, New York 10027, USA.
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25
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Ramesh T, Kalle R, Sankar K, Qureshi Q. Dry season factors determining habitat use and distribution of mouse deer (Moschiola indica) in the Western Ghats. EUR J WILDLIFE RES 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s10344-012-0676-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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26
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KIM SANHA, LAPPAN SUSAN, CHOE JAEC. Responses of Javan Gibbon (Hylobates moloch) Groups in Submontane Forest to Monthly Variation in Food Availability: Evidence for Variation on a Fine Spatial Scale. Am J Primatol 2012; 74:1154-67. [DOI: 10.1002/ajp.22074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2012] [Revised: 06/13/2012] [Accepted: 08/01/2012] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - JAE C. CHOE
- Ewha Womans University; Seoul; Republic of Korea
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