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Matlaga D, Lammerant R, Hogan JA, Uriarte M, Rodriguez‐Valle C, Zimmerman JK, Muscarella R. Survival, growth, and functional traits of tropical wet forest tree seedlings across an experimental soil moisture gradient in Puerto Rico. Ecol Evol 2024; 14:e11095. [PMID: 38505185 PMCID: PMC10950389 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.11095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Droughts are predicted to become more frequent and intense in many tropical regions, which may cause shifts in plant community composition. Especially in diverse tropical communities, understanding how traits mediate demographic responses to drought can help provide insight into the effects of climate change on these ecosystems. To understand tropical tree responses to reduced soil moisture, we grew seedlings of eight species across an experimental soil moisture gradient at the Luquillo Experimental Forest, Puerto Rico. We quantified survival and growth over an 8-month period and characterized demographic responses in terms of tolerance to low soil moisture-defined as survival and growth rates under low soil moisture conditions-and sensitivity to variation in soil moisture-defined as more pronounced changes in demographic rates across the observed range of soil moisture. We then compared demographic responses with interspecific variation in a suite of 11 (root, stem, and leaf) functional traits, measured on individuals that survived the experiment. Lower soil moisture was associated with reduced survival and growth but traits mediated species-specific responses. Species with relatively conservative traits (e.g., high leaf mass per area), had higher survival at low soil moisture whereas species with more extensive root systems were more sensitive to soil moisture, in that they exhibited more pronounced changes in growth across the experimental soil moisture gradient. Our results suggest that increasing drought will favor species with more conservative traits that confer greater survival in low soil moisture conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Matlaga
- Department of BiologySusquehanna UniversitySelinsgrovePennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Roel Lammerant
- Plant Ecology and EvolutionUppsala UniversityUppsalaSweden
- Tvärminne Zoological StationUniversity of HelsinkiHankoFinland
| | - J. Aaron Hogan
- Department of BiologyUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFloridaUSA
| | - María Uriarte
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Environmental BiologyColumbia UniversityNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Celimar Rodriguez‐Valle
- Department of Environmental SciencesUniversity of Puerto Rico‐Rio PiedrasSan JuanPuerto RicoUSA
| | - Jess K. Zimmerman
- Department of Environmental SciencesUniversity of Puerto Rico‐Rio PiedrasSan JuanPuerto RicoUSA
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Medina-Vega JA, Zuleta D, Aguilar S, Alonso A, Bissiengou P, Brockelman WY, Bunyavejchewin S, Burslem DFRP, Castaño N, Chave J, Dalling JW, de Oliveira AA, Duque Á, Ediriweera S, Ewango CEN, Filip J, Hubbell SP, Itoh A, Kiratiprayoon S, Lum SKY, Makana JR, Memiaghe H, Mitre D, Mohamad MB, Nathalang A, Nilus R, Nkongolo NV, Novotny V, O'Brien MJ, Pérez R, Pongpattananurak N, Reynolds G, Russo SE, Tan S, Thompson J, Uriarte M, Valencia R, Vicentini A, Yao TL, Zimmerman JK, Davies SJ. Tropical tree ectomycorrhiza are distributed independently of soil nutrients. Nat Ecol Evol 2024; 8:400-410. [PMID: 38200369 DOI: 10.1038/s41559-023-02298-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Mycorrhizae, a form of plant-fungal symbioses, mediate vegetation impacts on ecosystem functioning. Climatic effects on decomposition and soil quality are suggested to drive mycorrhizal distributions, with arbuscular mycorrhizal plants prevailing in low-latitude/high-soil-quality areas and ectomycorrhizal (EcM) plants in high-latitude/low-soil-quality areas. However, these generalizations, based on coarse-resolution data, obscure finer-scale variations and result in high uncertainties in the predicted distributions of mycorrhizal types and their drivers. Using data from 31 lowland tropical forests, both at a coarse scale (mean-plot-level data) and fine scale (20 × 20 metres from a subset of 16 sites), we demonstrate that the distribution and abundance of EcM-associated trees are independent of soil quality. Resource exchange differences among mycorrhizal partners, stemming from diverse evolutionary origins of mycorrhizal fungi, may decouple soil fertility from the advantage provided by mycorrhizal associations. Additionally, distinct historical biogeographies and diversification patterns have led to differences in forest composition and nutrient-acquisition strategies across three major tropical regions. Notably, Africa and Asia's lowland tropical forests have abundant EcM trees, whereas they are relatively scarce in lowland neotropical forests. A greater understanding of the functional biology of mycorrhizal symbiosis is required, especially in the lowland tropics, to overcome biases from assuming similarity to temperate and boreal regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- José A Medina-Vega
- Forest Global Earth Observatory, Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Washington, DC, USA.
| | - Daniel Zuleta
- Forest Global Earth Observatory, Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Washington, DC, USA
| | | | - Alfonso Alonso
- Center for Conservation and Sustainability, Smithsonian National Zoo and Conservation Biology Institute, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Pulchérie Bissiengou
- Herbier National du Gabon, Institut de Pharmacopée et de Médecine Traditionelle, Libreville, Gabon
| | - Warren Y Brockelman
- National Biobank of Thailand, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Khlong Luang, Thailand
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
| | - Sarayudh Bunyavejchewin
- Thai Long-Term Forest Ecological Research Project, Department of Forest Biology, Faculty of Forestry, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | - Nicolás Castaño
- Herbario Amazónico Colombiano, Instituto Amazónico de Investigaciones Científicas Sinchi, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Jérôme Chave
- Laboratoire Evolution et Diversité Biologique, CNRS, UPS, IRD, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - James W Dalling
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Balboa, Panama
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Alexandre A de Oliveira
- Departamento de Ecologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Álvaro Duque
- Departamento de Ciencias Forestales, Universidad Nacional de Colombia Sede Medellín, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Sisira Ediriweera
- Department of Science and Technology, Uva Wellassa University, Badulla, Sri Lanka
| | - Corneille E N Ewango
- Faculty of Sciences, University of Kisangani, Kisangani, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Jonah Filip
- Binatang Research Center, Madang, Papua New Guinea
| | - Stephen P Hubbell
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Akira Itoh
- Graduate School of Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Somboon Kiratiprayoon
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Thammasat University (Rangsit), Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Shawn K Y Lum
- Asian School of the Environment, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jean-Remy Makana
- Faculty of Sciences, University of Kisangani, Kisangani, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Hervé Memiaghe
- Institut de Recherche en Ecologie Tropicale, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique et Technologique, Libreville, Gabon
| | - David Mitre
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Balboa, Panama
| | | | - Anuttara Nathalang
- National Biobank of Thailand, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Khlong Luang, Thailand
| | - Reuben Nilus
- Sabah Forestry Department, Forest Research Centre, Sandakan, Malaysia
| | - Nsalambi V Nkongolo
- School of Science, Navajo Technical University, Crownpoint, NM, USA
- Institut Facultaire des Sciences Agronomiques (IFA) de Yangambi, Kisangani, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Vojtech Novotny
- Biology Centre, Institute of Entomology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
| | - Michael J O'Brien
- Estación Experimental de Zonas Áridas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Almería, Spain
| | - Rolando Pérez
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Balboa, Panama
| | - Nantachai Pongpattananurak
- Thai Long-Term Forest Ecological Research Project, Department of Forest Biology, Faculty of Forestry, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Glen Reynolds
- Southeast Asia Rainforest Research Partnership (SEARRP), Kota Kinabalu, Malaysia
| | - Sabrina E Russo
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE, USA
- Center for Plant Science Innovation, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE, USA
| | | | | | - María Uriarte
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Environmental Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Renato Valencia
- Escuela de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Alberto Vicentini
- Coordenação de Dinâmica Ambiental (CODAM), Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia (INPA), Manaus, Brazil
| | - Tze Leong Yao
- Forestry and Environment Division, Forest Research Institute Malaysia, Kepong, Malaysia
| | - Jess K Zimmerman
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, PR, USA
| | - Stuart J Davies
- Forest Global Earth Observatory, Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Washington, DC, USA
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3
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Bruna EM, Uriarte M, Darrigo MR, Rubim P, Jurinitz CF, Scott ER, Ferreira da Silva O, Kress WJ. Demography of the understory herb Heliconia acuminata (Heliconiaceae) in an experimentally fragmented tropical landscape. Ecology 2023; 104:e4174. [PMID: 37776233 DOI: 10.1002/ecy.4174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/02/2023]
Abstract
Habitat fragmentation remains a major focus of research by ecologists decades after being put forward as a threat to the integrity of ecosystems. While studies have documented myriad biotic changes in fragmented landscapes, including the local extinction of species from fragments, the demographic mechanisms underlying these extinctions are rarely known. However, many of them-especially in lowland tropical forests-are thought to be driven by one of two mechanisms: (1) reduced recruitment in fragments resulting from changes in the diversity or abundance of pollinators and seed dispersers or (2) increased rates of individual mortality in fragments due to dramatically altered abiotic conditions, especially near fragment edges. Unfortunately, there have been few tests of these potential mechanisms due to the paucity of long-term and comprehensive demographic data collected in both forest fragments and continuous forest sites. Here we report 11 years (1998-2009) of demographic data from populations of the Amazonian understory herb Heliconia acuminata (LC Rich.) found at Brazil's Biological Dynamics of Forest Fragments Project (BDFFP). The data set comprises >66,000 plant × year records of 8586 plants, including 3464 seedlings established after the first census. Seven populations were in experimentally isolated fragments (one in each of four 1-ha fragments and one in each of three 10-ha fragments), with the remaining six populations in continuous forest. Each population was in a 50 × 100 m permanent plot, with the distance between plots ranging from 500 m to 60 km. The plants in each plot were censused annually, at which time we recorded, identified, marked, and measured new seedlings, identified any previously marked plants that died, and recorded the size of surviving individuals. Each plot was also surveyed four to five times during the flowering season to identify reproductive plants and record the number of inflorescences each produced. These data have been used to investigate topics ranging from the way fragmentation-related reductions in germination influence population dynamics to statistical methods for analyzing reproductive rates. This breadth of prior use reflects the value of these data to future researchers. In addition to analyses of plant responses to habitat fragmentation, these data can be used to address fundamental questions in plant demography and the evolutionary ecology of tropical plants and to develop and test demographic models and tools. Though we welcome opportunities to collaborate with interested users, there are no restrictions on the use of this data set. However, we do request that those using the data for teaching or research purposes inform us of how they are doing so and cite this paper and the data archive when appropriate. Any publication using the data must also include a BDFFP Technical Series Number in the Acknowledgments. Authors can request this series number upon the acceptance of their article by contacting the BDFFP's Scientific Coordinator or E. M. Bruna.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilio M Bruna
- Department of Wildlife Ecology and Conservation, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
- Center for Latin American Studies, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
- Biological Dynamics of Forest Fragments Project, INPA-PDBFF, Manaus, Brazil
| | - María Uriarte
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Biology, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Maria Rosa Darrigo
- Biological Dynamics of Forest Fragments Project, INPA-PDBFF, Manaus, Brazil
| | - Paulo Rubim
- Biological Dynamics of Forest Fragments Project, INPA-PDBFF, Manaus, Brazil
| | | | - Eric R Scott
- Department of Wildlife Ecology and Conservation, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | | | - W John Kress
- Department of Botany, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC, USA
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4
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Smith-Martin CM, Muscarella R, Hammond WM, Jansen S, Brodribb TJ, Choat B, Johnson DM, Vargas-G G, Uriarte M. Hydraulic variability of tropical forests is largely independent of water availability. Ecol Lett 2023; 26:1829-1839. [PMID: 37807917 DOI: 10.1111/ele.14314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
Tropical rainforest woody plants have been thought to have uniformly low resistance to hydraulic failure and to function near the edge of their hydraulic safety margin (HSM), making these ecosystems vulnerable to drought; however, this may not be the case. Using data collected at 30 tropical forest sites for three key traits associated with drought tolerance, we show that site-level hydraulic diversity of leaf turgor loss point, resistance to embolism (P50 ), and HSMs is high across tropical forests and largely independent of water availability. Species with high HSMs (>1 MPa) and low P50 values (< -2 MPa) are common across the wet and dry tropics. This high site-level hydraulic diversity, largely decoupled from water stress, could influence which species are favoured and become dominant under a drying climate. High hydraulic diversity could also make these ecosystems more resilient to variable rainfall regimes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris M Smith-Martin
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota, USA
- Department of Ecology Evolution and Environmental Biology, Columbia University, New York City, New York, USA
| | - Robert Muscarella
- Plant Ecology and Evolution, Evolutionary Biology Centre, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - William M Hammond
- Agronomy Department, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Steven Jansen
- Institute of Systematic Botany and Ecology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Timothy J Brodribb
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - Brendan Choat
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Richmond, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Daniel M Johnson
- Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - German Vargas-G
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - María Uriarte
- Department of Ecology Evolution and Environmental Biology, Columbia University, New York City, New York, USA
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5
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Uriarte M, Tang C, Morton DC, Zimmerman JK, Zheng T. 20th-Century hurricanes leave long-lasting legacies on tropical forest height and the abundance of a dominant wind-resistant palm. Ecol Evol 2023; 13:e10776. [PMID: 38020686 PMCID: PMC10680431 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.10776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Projected increases in hurricane intensity under a warming climate will have profound effects on many forest ecosystems. One key challenge is to disentangle the effects of wind damage from the myriad factors that influence forest structure and species distributions over large spatial scales. Here, we employ a novel machine learning framework with high-resolution aerial photos, and LiDAR collected over 115 km2 of El Yunque National Forest in Puerto Rico to examine the effects of topographic exposure to two hurricanes, Hugo (1989) and Georges (1998), and several landscape-scale environmental factors on the current forest height and abundance of a dominant, wind-resistant species, the palm Prestoea acuminata var. montana. Model predictions show that the average density of the palm was 32% greater while the canopy height was 20% shorter in forests exposed to the two storms relative to unexposed areas. Our results demonstrate that hurricanes have lasting effects on forest canopy height and composition, suggesting the expected increase in hurricane severity with a warming climate will alter coastal forests in the North Atlantic.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Uriarte
- Department of Ecology Evolution & Environmental BiologyColumbia UniversityNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Chengliang Tang
- Department of StatisticsColumbia UniversityNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Douglas C. Morton
- Biospheric Sciences LaboratoryNASA Goddard Space Flight CenterGreenbeltMarylandUSA
| | - Jess K. Zimmerman
- Department of Environmental SciencesUniversidad de Puerto RicoSan JuanPuerto RicoUSA
| | - Tian Zheng
- Department of StatisticsColumbia UniversityNew YorkNew YorkUSA
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6
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Umaña MN, Needham J, Forero-Montaña J, Nytch CJ, Swenson NG, Thompson J, Uriarte M, Zimmerman JK. Demographic trade-offs and functional shifts in a hurricane-impacted tropical forest. Ann Bot 2023; 131:1051-1060. [PMID: 36702550 PMCID: PMC10457028 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcad004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Understanding shifts in the demographic and functional composition of forests after major natural disturbances has become increasingly relevant given the accelerating rates of climate change and elevated frequency of natural disturbances. Although plant demographic strategies are often described across a slow-fast continuum, severe and frequent disturbance events influencing demographic processes may alter the demographic trade-offs and the functional composition of forests. We examined demographic trade-offs and the shifts in functional traits in a hurricane-disturbed forest using long-term data from the Luquillo Forest Dynamics Plot (LFPD) in Puerto Rico. METHODS We analysed information on growth, survival, seed rain and seedling recruitment for 30 woody species in the LFDP. In addition, we compiled data on leaf, seed and wood functional traits that capture the main ecological strategies for plants. We used this information to identify the main axes of demographic variation for this forest community and evaluate shifts in community-weighted means for traits from 2000 to 2016. KEY RESULTS The previously identified growth-survival trade-off was not observed. Instead, we identified a fecundity-growth trade-off and an axis representing seedling-to-adult survival. Both axes formed dimensions independent of resprouting ability. Also, changes in tree species composition during the post-hurricane period reflected a directional shift from seedling and tree communities dominated by acquisitive towards conservative leaf economics traits and large seed mass. Wood specific gravity, however, did not show significant directional changes over time. CONCLUSIONS Our study demonstrates that tree demographic strategies coping with frequent storms and hurricane disturbances deviate from strategies typically observed in undisturbed forests, yet the shifts in functional composition still conform to the expected changes from acquisitive to conservative resource-uptake strategies expected over succession. In the face of increased rates of natural and anthropogenic disturbance in tropical regions, our results anticipate shifts in species demographic trade-offs and different functional dimensions.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Natalia Umaña
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48103, USA
| | - Jessica Needham
- Climate and Ecosystem Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | | | - Christopher J Nytch
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Puerto Rico, Río Piedras, PR 00936, USA
| | - Nathan G Swenson
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, South Bend, IN 46556, USA
| | - Jill Thompson
- UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Bush Estate, Penicuik, Midlothian EH26 0QB, UK
| | - María Uriarte
- Department of Ecology, Evolution & Environmental Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Jess K Zimmerman
- Department of Biology, University of Puerto Rico, Río Piedras, PR 00931, USA
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Puerto Rico, Río Piedras, PR 00936, USA
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Vargas G. G, Kunert N, Hammond WM, Berry ZC, Werden LK, Smith‐Martin CM, Wolfe BT, Toro L, Mondragón‐Botero A, Pinto‐Ledezma JN, Schwartz NB, Uriarte M, Sack L, Anderson‐Teixeira KJ, Powers JS. Leaf habit affects the distribution of drought sensitivity but not water transport efficiency in the tropics. Ecol Lett 2022; 25:2637-2650. [PMID: 36257904 PMCID: PMC9828425 DOI: 10.1111/ele.14128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Considering the global intensification of aridity in tropical biomes due to climate change, we need to understand what shapes the distribution of drought sensitivity in tropical plants. We conducted a pantropical data synthesis representing 1117 species to test whether xylem-specific hydraulic conductivity (KS ), water potential at leaf turgor loss (ΨTLP ) and water potential at 50% loss of KS (ΨP50 ) varied along climate gradients. The ΨTLP and ΨP50 increased with climatic moisture only for evergreen species, but KS did not. Species with high ΨTLP and ΨP50 values were associated with both dry and wet environments. However, drought-deciduous species showed high ΨTLP and ΨP50 values regardless of water availability, whereas evergreen species only in wet environments. All three traits showed a weak phylogenetic signal and a short half-life. These results suggest strong environmental controls on trait variance, which in turn is modulated by leaf habit along climatic moisture gradients in the tropics.
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Affiliation(s)
- German Vargas G.
- Department of Plant and Microbial BiologyUniversity of MinnesotaSt. PaulMinnesotaUSA,School of Biological SciencesThe University of UtahSalt Lake CityUtahUSA
| | - Norbert Kunert
- Conservation Ecology CenterSmithsonian National Zoo and Conservation Biology InstituteFront RoyalVirginiaUSA,Forest Global Earth ObservatorySmithsonian Tropical Research InstitutePanamaRepublic of Panama,Department of Integrative Biology and Biodiversity Research, Institute of BotanyUniversity of Natural Resources and Life Sciences ViennaViennaAustria
| | - William M. Hammond
- Agronomy Department, Institute of Food and Agricultural SciencesUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleFloridaUSA
| | - Z. Carter Berry
- Department of BiologyWake Forest UniversityWinston‐SalemNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Leland K. Werden
- Department of Environmental Systems ScienceETH ZürichZürichSwitzerland
| | - Chris M. Smith‐Martin
- Department of Ecology Evolution and Environmental BiologyColumbia UniversityNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Brett T. Wolfe
- School of Renewable Natural ResourcesLouisiana State University Agricultural CenterBaton RougeLouisianaUSA,Smithsonian Tropical Research InstitutePanamaRepublic of Panama
| | - Laura Toro
- Department of Plant and Microbial BiologyUniversity of MinnesotaSt. PaulMinnesotaUSA
| | | | - Jesús N. Pinto‐Ledezma
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and BehaviorUniversity of MinnesotaSt. PaulMinnesotaUSA
| | - Naomi B. Schwartz
- Department of GeographyUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBritish ColumbiaCanada
| | - María Uriarte
- Department of Ecology Evolution and Environmental BiologyColumbia UniversityNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Lawren Sack
- Department of Ecology and EvolutionUniversity of California Los AngelesLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
| | - Kristina J. Anderson‐Teixeira
- Conservation Ecology CenterSmithsonian National Zoo and Conservation Biology InstituteFront RoyalVirginiaUSA,Forest Global Earth ObservatorySmithsonian Tropical Research InstitutePanamaRepublic of Panama
| | - Jennifer S. Powers
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and BehaviorUniversity of MinnesotaSt. PaulMinnesotaUSA
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8
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Smith‐Marin CM, Muscarella R, Ankori‐Karlinsky R, Delzon S, Farrar SL, Salva‐Sauri M, Thompson J, Zimmerman JK, Uriarte M. Hydraulic traits are not robust predictors of tree species stem growth during a severe drought in a wet tropical forest. Funct Ecol 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.14235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chris M. Smith‐Marin
- Department of Ecology Evolution and Environmental Biology Columbia University New York NY USA
| | - Robert Muscarella
- Plant Ecology and Evolution, Evolutionary Biology Centre Uppsala University Uppsala Sweden
| | - Roi Ankori‐Karlinsky
- Department of Ecology Evolution and Environmental Biology Columbia University New York NY USA
| | | | - Samuel L. Farrar
- Plant Ecology and Evolution, Evolutionary Biology Centre Uppsala University Uppsala Sweden
| | - Melissa Salva‐Sauri
- Department of Ecology Evolution and Environmental Biology Columbia University New York NY USA
- Department of Environmental Sciences University of Puerto Rico San Juan Puerto Rico USA
| | - Jill Thompson
- UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology Bush Estate, Penicuik Midlothian UK
| | - Jess K. Zimmerman
- Department of Environmental Sciences University of Puerto Rico San Juan Puerto Rico USA
| | - María Uriarte
- Department of Ecology Evolution and Environmental Biology Columbia University New York NY USA
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9
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Smith-Martin CM, Muscarella R, Ankori-Karlinsky R, Delzon S, Farrar SL, Salva-Sauri M, Thompson J, Zimmerman JK, Uriarte M. Hurricanes increase tropical forest vulnerability to drought. New Phytol 2022; 235:1005-1017. [PMID: 35608089 DOI: 10.1111/nph.18175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Rapid changes in climate and disturbance regimes, including droughts and hurricanes, are likely to influence tropical forests, but our understanding of the compound effects of disturbances on forest ecosystems is extremely limited. Filling this knowledge gap is necessary to elucidate the future of these ecosystems under a changing climate. We examined the relationship between hurricane response (damage, mortality, and resilience) and four hydraulic traits of 13 dominant woody species in a wet tropical forest subject to periodic hurricanes. Species with high resistance to embolisms (low P50 values) and higher safety margins ( SMP50 ) were more resistant to immediate hurricane mortality and breakage, whereas species with higher hurricane resilience (rapid post-hurricane growth) had high capacitance and P50 values and low SMP50 . During 26 yr of post-hurricane recovery, we found a decrease in community-weighted mean values for traits associated with greater drought resistance (leaf turgor loss point, P50 , SMP50 ) and an increase in capacitance, which has been linked with lower drought resistance. Hurricane damage favors slow-growing, drought-tolerant species, whereas post-hurricane high resource conditions favor acquisitive, fast-growing but drought-vulnerable species, increasing forest productivity at the expense of drought tolerance and leading to higher overall forest vulnerability to drought.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris M Smith-Martin
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Biology, Columbia University, 1200 Amsterdam Avenue, New York, NY, 10027, USA
| | - Robert Muscarella
- Plant Ecology and Evolution, Evolutionary Biology Centre, Uppsala University, Uppsala, 752 36, Sweden
| | - Roi Ankori-Karlinsky
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Biology, Columbia University, 1200 Amsterdam Avenue, New York, NY, 10027, USA
| | - Sylvain Delzon
- INRA, BIOGECO, Université Bordeaux, Pessac, 33615, France
| | - Samuel L Farrar
- Plant Ecology and Evolution, Evolutionary Biology Centre, Uppsala University, Uppsala, 752 36, Sweden
| | - Melissa Salva-Sauri
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Biology, Columbia University, 1200 Amsterdam Avenue, New York, NY, 10027, USA
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, PR, 00925, USA
| | - Jill Thompson
- UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology Bush Estate, Penicuik, Midlothian, EH26 0QB, UK
| | - Jess K Zimmerman
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, PR, 00925, USA
| | - María Uriarte
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Biology, Columbia University, 1200 Amsterdam Avenue, New York, NY, 10027, USA
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10
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Martinuzzi S, Cook BD, Helmer EH, Keller M, Locke DH, Marcano‐Vega H, Uriarte M, Morton DC. Patterns and controls on island‐wide aboveground biomass accumulation in second‐growth forests of Puerto Rico. Biotropica 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/btp.13122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastián Martinuzzi
- SILVIS Lab Department of Forest and Wildlife Ecology University of Wisconsin‐Madison Madison Wisconsin USA
- Biospheric Sciences Laboratory NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Greenbelt Maryland USA
| | - Bruce D. Cook
- Biospheric Sciences Laboratory NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Greenbelt Maryland USA
| | - Eileen H. Helmer
- USDA Forest Service International Institute of Tropical Forestry San Juan Puerto Rico USA
| | - Michael Keller
- USDA Forest Service International Institute of Tropical Forestry San Juan Puerto Rico USA
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology Pasadena California USA
| | - Dexter H. Locke
- USDA Forest Service Northern Research Station Baltimore Field Station Baltimore Maryland USA
| | | | - María Uriarte
- Department of Ecology, Evolution & Environmental Biology Columbia University New York New York USA
| | - Douglas C. Morton
- Biospheric Sciences Laboratory NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Greenbelt Maryland USA
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11
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Scott ER, Uriarte M, Bruna EM. Delayed effects of climate on vital rates lead to demographic divergence in Amazonian forest fragments. Glob Chang Biol 2022; 28:463-479. [PMID: 34697872 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.15900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Deforestation often results in landscapes where remaining forest habitat is highly fragmented, with remnants of different sizes embedded in an often highly contrasting matrix. Local extinction of species from individual fragments is common, but the demographic mechanisms underlying these extinctions are poorly understood. It is often hypothesized that altered environmental conditions in fragments drive declines in reproduction, recruitment, or survivorship. The Amazon basin, in addition to experiencing continuing fragmentation, is experiencing climate change-related increases in the frequency and intensity of droughts and unusually wet periods. Whether plant populations in tropical forest fragments are particularly susceptible to extremes in precipitation remains unclear. Most studies of plants in fragments are relatively short (1-6 years), focus on a single life-history stage, and often do not compare to populations in continuous forest. Even fewer studies consider delayed effects of climate on demographic vital rates despite the importance of delayed effects in studies that consider them. Using a decade of demographic and climate data from an experimentally fragmented landscape in the Central Amazon, we assess the effects of climate on populations of an understory herb (Heliconia acuminata, Heliconiaceae). We used distributed lag nonlinear models to understand the delayed effects of climate (measured as standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index, SPEI) on survival, growth, and flowering. We detected delayed effects of climate up to 36 months. Extremes in SPEI in the previous year reduced survival, drought in the wet season 8-11 months prior to the February census increased growth, and drought two dry seasons prior increased flowering probability. Effects of extremes in precipitation on survival and growth were more pronounced in forest fragments compared to continuous forest. The complex delayed effects of climate and habitat fragmentation in our study point to the importance of long-term demography experiments in understanding the effects of anthropogenic change on plant populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric R Scott
- Department of Wildlife Ecology and Conservation, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - María Uriarte
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Biology, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Emilio M Bruna
- Department of Wildlife Ecology and Conservation, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
- Center for Latin American Studies, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
- Biological Dynamics of Forest Fragments Project, INPA-PDBFF, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
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12
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Piffer PR, Calaboni A, Rosa MR, Schwartz NB, Tambosi LR, Uriarte M. Ephemeral forest regeneration limits carbon sequestration potential in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest. Glob Chang Biol 2022; 28:630-643. [PMID: 34665911 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.15944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Although deforestation remains widespread in the tropics, many places are now experiencing significant forest recovery (i.e., forest transition), offering an optimistic outlook for natural ecosystem recovery and carbon sequestration. Naturally regenerated forests, however, may not persist, so a more nuanced understanding of the drivers of forest change in the tropics is critical to ensure the success of reforestation efforts and carbon sequestration targets. Here we use 35 years of detailed land cover data to investigate forest trajectories in 3014 municipalities in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest (AF), a biodiversity and conservation hotspot. Although deforestation was evident in some regions, deforestation reversals, the typical forest transition trajectory, were the prevalent trend in the AF, accounting for 38% of municipalities. However, simultaneous reforestation reversals in the region (13% of municipalities) suggest that these short-term increases in native forest cover do not necessarily translate into persistent trends. In the absence of reversals in reforestation, forests in the region could have sequestered 1.75 Pg C, over three times the actual estimated carbon sequestration (0.52 Pg C). We also showed that failure to distinguish native and planted forests would have masked native forest cover loss in the region and overestimated reforestation by 3.2 Mha and carbon sequestration from natural forest regeneration by 0.37 Pg C. Deforestation reversals were prevalent in urbanized municipalities with limited forest cover and high agricultural productivity, highlighting the importance of favorable socioeconomic conditions in promoting reforestation. Successful forest restoration efforts will require development and enforcement of environmental policies that promote forest regeneration and ensure the permanence of regrowing forests. This is crucial not only for the fate and conservation of the AF, but also for other tropical nations to achieve their restoration and carbon sequestration commitments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro R Piffer
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Environmental Biology, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Adriane Calaboni
- Center of Engineering, Modeling and Applied Social Sciences, Federal University of ABC, Santo André, SP, Brazil
| | - Marcos R Rosa
- Department of Geography, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Naomi B Schwartz
- Department of Geography, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Leandro R Tambosi
- Center of Engineering, Modeling and Applied Social Sciences, Federal University of ABC, Santo André, SP, Brazil
- Department of Ecology, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - María Uriarte
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Environmental Biology, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
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13
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Valero NNH, Prist P, Uriarte M. Environmental and socioeconomic risk factors for visceral and cutaneous leishmaniasis in São Paulo, Brazil. Sci Total Environ 2021; 797:148960. [PMID: 34303257 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.148960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Leishmaniasis is a vector-borne disease caused by the protozoan Leishmania spp. mainly affecting individuals of low socioeconomic status. In tropical regions the transmission risk to humans depends not only on environmental factors, such as vegetation cover and climate, but also on the socioeconomic characteristics of human populations. However, the relative contribution of these factors to disease risk and incidence is not well understood. Yet this information is critical for the development of epidemiological surveillance schemes and control practices. Leishmaniasis cases have increased in São Paulo state, Brazil over recent years but the underlying risk factors for transmission remain understudied. Here, we use generalized linear mixed models to quantify the association between occurrence and incidence (number of cases) of cutaneous (CL) and visceral (VL) leishmaniasis from 1998 to 2015, and landscape (native vegetation cover), climate (seasonal and interannual variation in precipitation and temperature) and socioeconomic factors (population, number of cattle heads, Human Development Index - HDI, Gini inequality index and income per capita) across the 645 municipalities of São Paulo state, Brazil. For CL, probability of occurrence was greater in municipalities with high native vegetation cover and economic inequality and in years with greater average winter precipitation. For VL, probability of occurrence was greater in years with high minimum spring precipitation and maximum annual temperatures, and in municipalities with larger HDI values and a greater number of cattle heads. The number of VL cases increased during years with high mean fall precipitation and, for both CL and VL the number of cases was greater in years of high annual mean temperature. Understanding how these risk factors influence spatial and temporal variation in the risk and incidence of leishmaniasis can contribute to the development of effective public health policies and interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nerida Nadia H Valero
- Departamento de Ecologia, Instituto de Biociências, 321 Rua do Matão, Travessa 14, Cidade Universitária, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP CEP 05508090, Brazil.
| | - Paula Prist
- EcoHealth Alliance, 520 Eighth Avenue, Ste. 1200, New York, NY 10018, United States of America
| | - María Uriarte
- Department of Ecology, Evolution & Environmental Biology, Columbia University, 1200 Amsterdam Ave., New York, NY 10027, United States
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14
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Quebbeman A, Davis R, Thompson J, Zimmerman JK, Uriarte M. Percolation threshold analyses can detect community assembly processes in simulated and natural tree communities. Methods Ecol Evol 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/2041-210x.13676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Quebbeman
- Department of Ecology Evolution & Environmental Biology Columbia University New York NY USA
| | - Richard Davis
- Department of Statistics Columbia University New York NY USA
| | | | - Jess K. Zimmerman
- Department of Environmental Sciences University of Puerto Rico San Juan PR USA
| | - María Uriarte
- Department of Ecology Evolution & Environmental Biology Columbia University New York NY USA
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15
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Piffer PR, Tambosi LR, Ferraz SFDB, Metzger JP, Uriarte M. Native forest cover safeguards stream water quality under a changing climate. Ecol Appl 2021; 31:e02414. [PMID: 34260786 DOI: 10.1002/eap.2414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Ensuring a sufficient and adequate supply of water for humans and ecosystems is a pressing environmental challenge. The expansion of agricultural and urban lands has jeopardized watershed ecosystem services and a changing climate poses additional risks for regional water supply. We used stream water quality data collected between 2000 and 2014, coupled with detailed precipitation and land cover information, to investigate the effects of landscape composition and short-term precipitation variability on the quality of water resources in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. The state is home to over 45 million people and has a long history of human landscape modification. A severe drought in 2014-2015 led to a major water crisis and highlighted the fragility of the regional water supply system. We found that human-dominated watersheds had lower overall water quality when compared to forested watersheds, with urban cover showing the most detrimental impacts on water quality. Forest cover was associated with a better overall water quality across the studied watersheds, with forested watersheds having low turbidity and high dissolved oxygen. High precipitation led to increased turbidity and fecal coliforms levels and lower dissolved oxygen in streams but these effects depended on watershed land cover. High precipitation diluted concentrations of nitrogen and dissolved solids in highly urbanized watersheds but exacerbated turbidity in pasture-dominated watersheds. Given the high costs of water treatment in densely populated regions, there is a pressing need to plan and manage landscapes in order to ensure adequate water resources. In tropical regions, maintaining or restoring native vegetation cover is a promising intervention to sustain adequate water quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Ribeiro Piffer
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Environmental Biology, Columbia University, New York, New York, 10027, USA
| | - Leandro Reverberi Tambosi
- Center of Engineering, Modeling and Applied Social Sciences, Federal University of ABC, Santo André, SP, 09210-580, Brazil
- Department of Ecology, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, 05508-090, Brazil
| | - Silvio Frosini de Barros Ferraz
- Department of Forest Sciences, "Luiz de Queiroz" College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, SP, 13418-900, Brazil
| | - Jean Paul Metzger
- Department of Ecology, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, 05508-090, Brazil
| | - María Uriarte
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Environmental Biology, Columbia University, New York, New York, 10027, USA
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16
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Leitold V, Morton DC, Martinuzzi S, Paynter I, Uriarte M, Keller M, Ferraz A, Cook BD, Corp LA, González G. Tracking the Rates and Mechanisms of Canopy Damage and Recovery Following Hurricane Maria Using Multitemporal Lidar Data. Ecosystems 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10021-021-00688-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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17
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Quebbeman AW, Menge DNL, Zimmerman J, Uriarte M. Topography and Tree Species Improve Estimates of Spatial Variation in Soil Greenhouse Gas Fluxes in a Subtropical Forest. Ecosystems 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10021-021-00677-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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18
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Zhong Y, Chu C, Myers JA, Gilbert GS, Lutz JA, Stillhard J, Zhu K, Thompson J, Baltzer JL, He F, LaManna JA, Davies SJ, Aderson-Teixeira KJ, Burslem DF, Alonso A, Chao KJ, Wang X, Gao L, Orwig DA, Yin X, Sui X, Su Z, Abiem I, Bissiengou P, Bourg N, Butt N, Cao M, Chang-Yang CH, Chao WC, Chapman H, Chen YY, Coomes DA, Cordell S, de Oliveira AA, Du H, Fang S, Giardina CP, Hao Z, Hector A, Hubbell SP, Janík D, Jansen PA, Jiang M, Jin G, Kenfack D, Král K, Larson AJ, Li B, Li X, Li Y, Lian J, Lin L, Liu F, Liu Y, Liu Y, Luan F, Luo Y, Ma K, Malhi Y, McMahon SM, McShea W, Memiaghe H, Mi X, Morecroft M, Novotny V, O’Brien MJ, Ouden JD, Parker GG, Qiao X, Ren H, Reynolds G, Samonil P, Sang W, Shen G, Shen Z, Song GZM, Sun IF, Tang H, Tian S, Uowolo AL, Uriarte M, Wang B, Wang X, Wang Y, Weiblen GD, Wu Z, Xi N, Xiang W, Xu H, Xu K, Ye W, Yu M, Zeng F, Zhang M, Zhang Y, Zhu L, Zimmerman JK. Arbuscular mycorrhizal trees influence the latitudinal beta-diversity gradient of tree communities in forests worldwide. Nat Commun 2021; 12:3137. [PMID: 34035260 PMCID: PMC8149669 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-23236-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) and ectomycorrhizal (EcM) associations are critical for host-tree performance. However, how mycorrhizal associations correlate with the latitudinal tree beta-diversity remains untested. Using a global dataset of 45 forest plots representing 2,804,270 trees across 3840 species, we test how AM and EcM trees contribute to total beta-diversity and its components (turnover and nestedness) of all trees. We find AM rather than EcM trees predominantly contribute to decreasing total beta-diversity and turnover and increasing nestedness with increasing latitude, probably because wide distributions of EcM trees do not generate strong compositional differences among localities. Environmental variables, especially temperature and precipitation, are strongly correlated with beta-diversity patterns for both AM trees and all trees rather than EcM trees. Results support our hypotheses that latitudinal beta-diversity patterns and environmental effects on these patterns are highly dependent on mycorrhizal types. Our findings highlight the importance of AM-dominated forests for conserving global forest biodiversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonglin Zhong
- grid.12981.330000 0001 2360 039XDepartment of Ecology, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University,
| | - Chengjin Chu
- grid.12981.330000 0001 2360 039XDepartment of Ecology, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University,
| | - Jonathan A. Myers
- grid.4367.60000 0001 2355 7002Department of Biology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO USA
| | - Gregory S. Gilbert
- grid.205975.c0000 0001 0740 6917Department of Environmental Studies, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA USA
| | - James A. Lutz
- grid.53857.3c0000 0001 2185 8768Wildland Resources Department, Utah State University, Logan, UT USA
| | - Jonas Stillhard
- grid.419754.a0000 0001 2259 5533Swiss Federal Research Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Forest Resources and Management, Birmensdorf, Switzerland
| | - Kai Zhu
- grid.205975.c0000 0001 0740 6917Department of Environmental Studies, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA USA
| | - Jill Thompson
- grid.494924.6UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology Bush Estate, Midlothian, UK
| | - Jennifer L. Baltzer
- grid.268252.90000 0001 1958 9263Biology Department, Wilfrid Laurier University, Waterloo, ON Canada
| | - Fangliang He
- grid.17089.37Department of Renewable Resources, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB Canada ,grid.22069.3f0000 0004 0369 6365ECNU-Alberta Joint Lab for Biodiversity Study, Tiantong National Station for Forest Ecosystem Research, East China Normal University, ,grid.22069.3f0000 0004 0369 6365Zhejiang Tiantong Forest Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, School of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University,
| | - Joseph A. LaManna
- grid.259670.f0000 0001 2369 3143Department of Biological Sciences, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI USA
| | - Stuart J. Davies
- Forest Global Earth Observatory, Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Washington, DC USA
| | - Kristina J. Aderson-Teixeira
- Forest Global Earth Observatory, Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Washington, DC USA ,grid.419531.bConservation Ecology Center, Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, National Zoological Park, Front Royal, VA USA
| | - David F.R.P. Burslem
- grid.7107.10000 0004 1936 7291School of Biological Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Alfonso Alonso
- grid.467700.20000 0001 2182 2028Center for Conservation and Sustainability, Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, National Zoological Park, Washington, DC USA
| | - Kuo-Jung Chao
- International Master Program of Agriculture, National Chung Hsing University, https://www.nchu.edu.tw/en-index
| | - Xugao Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, http://english.iae.cas.cn/
| | - Lianming Gao
- CAS Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, http://english.kib.cas.cn/
| | - David A. Orwig
- grid.38142.3c000000041936754XHarvard Forest, Harvard University, Petersham, MA USA
| | - Xue Yin
- grid.12981.330000 0001 2360 039XDepartment of Ecology, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University,
| | - Xinghua Sui
- grid.12981.330000 0001 2360 039XDepartment of Ecology, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University,
| | - Zhiyao Su
- College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, https://english.scau.edu.cn/
| | - Iveren Abiem
- grid.412989.f0000 0000 8510 4538Department of Plant Science and Technology, University of Jos, Jos, Nigeria ,The Nigerian Montane Forest Project, Taraba State, Nigeria ,grid.21006.350000 0001 2179 4063School of Biological Sciences, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Pulchérie Bissiengou
- Institut de Recherche en Ecologie Tropicale/Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique et Technologique, Libreville, Gabon
| | - Norm Bourg
- grid.419531.bConservation Ecology Center, Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, National Zoological Park, Front Royal, VA USA
| | - Nathalie Butt
- grid.1003.20000 0000 9320 7537School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD Australia ,grid.1003.20000 0000 9320 7537Centre for Biodiversity and Conservation Science, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD Australia
| | - Min Cao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, http://english.xtbg.cas.cn/
| | - Chia-Hao Chang-Yang
- grid.412036.20000 0004 0531 9758Department of Biological Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University,
| | - Wei-Chun Chao
- grid.412046.50000 0001 0305 650XDepartment of Forestry and Natural Resources, National Chiayi University,
| | - Hazel Chapman
- grid.21006.350000 0001 2179 4063School of Biological Sciences, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Yu-Yun Chen
- grid.260567.00000 0000 8964 3950Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Studies, National Dong Hwa University,
| | - David A. Coomes
- grid.5335.00000000121885934Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Susan Cordell
- grid.497404.a0000 0001 0662 4365Institute of Pacific Islands Forestry, Pacific Southwest Research Station, USDA Forest Service, Hilo, Hawaii USA
| | - Alexandre A. de Oliveira
- grid.11899.380000 0004 1937 0722Departamento Ecologia, Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto de Biociências, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, SP Brazil
| | - Hu Du
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, http://english.isa.cas.cn/
| | - Suqin Fang
- grid.12981.330000 0001 2360 039XDepartment of Ecology, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University,
| | - Christian P. Giardina
- grid.497404.a0000 0001 0662 4365Institute of Pacific Islands Forestry, Pacific Southwest Research Station, USDA Forest Service, Hilo, Hawaii USA
| | - Zhanqing Hao
- School of Ecology and Environment, Northwestern Polytechnical University, http://en.nwpu.edu.cn/
| | - Andrew Hector
- grid.4991.50000 0004 1936 8948Department of Plant Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Stephen P. Hubbell
- grid.19006.3e0000 0000 9632 6718Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA USA
| | - David Janík
- Department of Forest Ecology, Silva Tarouca Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Patrick A. Jansen
- Forest Global Earth Observatory, Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Washington, DC USA ,grid.4818.50000 0001 0791 5666Wildlife Ecology and Conservation Group, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Mingxi Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, http://english.wbg.cas.cn/
| | - Guangze Jin
- Center for Ecological Research, Northeast Forestry University, http://en.nefu.edu.cn/
| | - David Kenfack
- Forest Global Earth Observatory, Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Washington, DC USA ,grid.453560.10000 0001 2192 7591Department of Botany, National Museum of Natural History, Washington, DC USA
| | - Kamil Král
- Department of Forest Ecology, Silva Tarouca Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Andrew J. Larson
- grid.253613.00000 0001 2192 5772Wilderness Institute and Department of Forest Management, University of Montana, Missoula, MT USA
| | - Buhang Li
- grid.12981.330000 0001 2360 039XDepartment of Ecology, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University,
| | - Xiankun Li
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Plant Conservation and Restoration Ecology in Karst Terrain, Guangxi Institute of Botany, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Chinese Academy of Sciences, http://english.gxib.cn/
| | - Yide Li
- Research Institute of Tropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, http://ritf.caf.ac.cn/
| | - Juyu Lian
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, http://english.scbg.ac.cn/
| | - Luxiang Lin
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, http://english.xtbg.cas.cn/
| | - Feng Liu
- The Administrative Bureau of Naban River Watershed National Nature Reserve, http://www.xsbn.gov.cn/nbhbhq/nbhbhq.dhtml
| | - Yankun Liu
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Forestry Ecological Engineering, Heilongjiang Forestry Engineering and Environment Institute, http://www.hljifee.org.cn/
| | - Yu Liu
- grid.22069.3f0000 0004 0369 6365ECNU-Alberta Joint Lab for Biodiversity Study, Tiantong National Station for Forest Ecosystem Research, East China Normal University, ,grid.22069.3f0000 0004 0369 6365Zhejiang Tiantong Forest Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, School of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University,
| | - Fuchen Luan
- Guangdong Chebaling National Nature Reserve, https://cbl.elab.cnic.cn/
| | - Yahuang Luo
- CAS Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, http://english.kib.cas.cn/
| | - Keping Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, http://english.ib.cas.cn/
| | - Yadvinder Malhi
- grid.4991.50000 0004 1936 8948Environmental Change Institute, School of Geography and the Environment, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Sean M. McMahon
- Forest Global Earth Observatory, Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Washington, DC USA ,grid.419533.90000 0000 8612 0361Smithsonian Environmental Research Center, Edgewater, MD USA
| | - William McShea
- grid.419531.bConservation Ecology Center, Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, National Zoological Park, Front Royal, VA USA
| | - Hervé Memiaghe
- Institut de Recherche en Ecologie Tropicale/Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique et Technologique, Libreville, Gabon
| | - Xiangcheng Mi
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, http://english.ib.cas.cn/
| | - Mike Morecroft
- grid.238406.b0000 0001 2331 9653Natural England, York, UK
| | - Vojtech Novotny
- grid.447761.70000 0004 0396 9503Biology Center of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Entomology and the University of South Bohemia, Ceske Budejovicve, Czech Republic
| | - Michael J. O’Brien
- grid.28479.300000 0001 2206 5938Área de Biodiversidad y Conservación, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Móstoles, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jan den Ouden
- grid.4818.50000 0001 0791 5666Forest Ecology and Management Group, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Geoffrey G. Parker
- grid.419533.90000 0000 8612 0361Forest Ecology Group, Smithsonian Environmental Research Center, Edgewater, MD USA
| | - Xiujuan Qiao
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, http://english.wbg.cas.cn/
| | - Haibao Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, http://english.ib.cas.cn/
| | - Glen Reynolds
- Southeast Asia Rainforest Research Partnership, Danum Valley Field Centre, Lahad Datu, Sabah Malaysia
| | - Pavel Samonil
- Department of Forest Ecology, Silva Tarouca Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Weiguo Sang
- grid.411077.40000 0004 0369 0529College of Life and Environmental Science, Minzu University of China,
| | - Guochun Shen
- grid.22069.3f0000 0004 0369 6365Zhejiang Tiantong Forest Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, School of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University,
| | - Zhiqiang Shen
- grid.12981.330000 0001 2360 039XDepartment of Ecology, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University,
| | - Guo-Zhang Michael Song
- grid.260542.70000 0004 0532 3749Department of Soil and Water Conservation, National Chung Hsing University,
| | - I-Fang Sun
- grid.260567.00000 0000 8964 3950Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Studies, National Dong Hwa University,
| | - Hui Tang
- grid.12981.330000 0001 2360 039XDepartment of Ecology, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University,
| | - Songyan Tian
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Forestry Ecological Engineering, Heilongjiang Forestry Engineering and Environment Institute, http://www.hljifee.org.cn/
| | - Amanda L. Uowolo
- grid.497404.a0000 0001 0662 4365Institute of Pacific Islands Forestry, Pacific Southwest Research Station, USDA Forest Service, Hilo, Hawaii USA
| | - María Uriarte
- grid.21729.3f0000000419368729Department of Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY USA
| | - Bin Wang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Plant Conservation and Restoration Ecology in Karst Terrain, Guangxi Institute of Botany, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Chinese Academy of Sciences, http://english.gxib.cn/
| | - Xihua Wang
- grid.22069.3f0000 0004 0369 6365Zhejiang Tiantong Forest Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, School of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University,
| | - Youshi Wang
- grid.12981.330000 0001 2360 039XDepartment of Ecology, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University,
| | - George D. Weiblen
- grid.17635.360000000419368657Department of Plant & Microbial Biology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN USA
| | - Zhihong Wu
- Guangdong Chebaling National Nature Reserve, https://cbl.elab.cnic.cn/
| | - Nianxun Xi
- grid.12981.330000 0001 2360 039XDepartment of Ecology, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University,
| | - Wusheng Xiang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Plant Conservation and Restoration Ecology in Karst Terrain, Guangxi Institute of Botany, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Chinese Academy of Sciences, http://english.gxib.cn/
| | - Han Xu
- Research Institute of Tropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, http://ritf.caf.ac.cn/
| | - Kun Xu
- Yunnan Lijiang Forest Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, Kunming Instituted of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, http://english.kib.cas.cn/
| | - Wanhui Ye
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, http://english.scbg.ac.cn/
| | - Mingjian Yu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, http://www.zju.edu.cn/english/
| | - Fuping Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, http://english.isa.cas.cn/
| | - Minhua Zhang
- grid.22069.3f0000 0004 0369 6365ECNU-Alberta Joint Lab for Biodiversity Study, Tiantong National Station for Forest Ecosystem Research, East China Normal University, ,grid.22069.3f0000 0004 0369 6365Zhejiang Tiantong Forest Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, School of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University,
| | - Yingming Zhang
- Guangdong Chebaling National Nature Reserve, https://cbl.elab.cnic.cn/
| | - Li Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, http://english.ib.cas.cn/
| | - Jess K. Zimmerman
- grid.267033.30000 0004 0462 1680Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, PR USA
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19
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Heilpern SA, DeFries R, Fiorella K, Flecker A, Sethi SA, Uriarte M, Naeem S. Declining diversity of wild-caught species puts dietary nutrient supplies at risk. Sci Adv 2021; 7:eabf9967. [PMID: 34049874 PMCID: PMC8163071 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abf9967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Although biodiversity loss adversely influences a variety of ecosystem functions, how declining wild food diversity affects nutrient supplies for people is poorly understood. Here, we analyze the impact of declining biodiversity on nutrients supplied by fish using detailed information from the Peruvian Amazon, where inland fisheries provide a critical source of nutrition for many of the region's 800,000 people. We found that the impacts of biodiversity loss on nutrient supplies depended on compensation, trophic dynamics, and functional diversity. When small sedentary species compensated for declines in large migratory species, fatty acid supplies increased, while zinc and iron supplies decreased. In contrast, the probability of failing to maintain supplies or nutrient supply risk increased when species were nutritionally unique. Our results show that trait-based regulations and public health polices need to consider biodiversity's vital role in sustaining nutritional benefits for over 2 billion people dependent on wild foods across the globe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian A Heilpern
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Environmental Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
- Department of Natural Resources and the Environment, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Ruth DeFries
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Environmental Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kathryn Fiorella
- Deparment of Population Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Alexander Flecker
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Suresh A Sethi
- USGS New York Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Unit, Department of Natural Resources, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - María Uriarte
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Environmental Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Shahid Naeem
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Environmental Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
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20
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Tang C, Uriarte M, Jin H, Morton D, Zheng T. Large‐scale, image‐based tree species mapping in a tropical forest using artificial perceptual learning. Methods Ecol Evol 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/2041-210x.13549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chengliang Tang
- Department of Statistics Columbia University New York NY USA
| | - María Uriarte
- Department of Statistics Columbia University New York NY USA
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Biology Columbia University New York NY USA
| | - Helen Jin
- Department of Computer and Information Science University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia PA USA
| | | | - Tian Zheng
- Department of Statistics Columbia University New York NY USA
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21
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Hall J, Muscarella R, Quebbeman A, Arellano G, Thompson J, Zimmerman JK, Uriarte M. Hurricane-Induced Rainfall is a Stronger Predictor of Tropical Forest Damage in Puerto Rico Than Maximum Wind Speeds. Sci Rep 2020; 10:4318. [PMID: 32152355 PMCID: PMC7062726 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-61164-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Projected increases in cyclonic storm intensity under a warming climate will have profound effects on forests, potentially changing these ecosystems from carbon sinks to sources. Forecasting storm impacts on these ecosystems requires consideration of risk factors associated with storm meteorology, landscape structure, and forest attributes. Here we evaluate risk factors associated with damage severity caused by Hurricanes María and Irma across Puerto Rican forests. Using field and remote sensing data, total forest aboveground biomass (AGB) lost to the storms was estimated at 10.44 (±2.33) Tg, ca. 23% of island-wide pre-hurricane forest AGB. Storm-related rainfall was a stronger predictor of forest damage than maximum wind speeds. Soil water storage capacity was also an important risk factor, corroborating the influence of rainfall on forest damage. Expected increases of 20% in hurricane-associated rainfall in the North Atlantic highlight the need to consider how such shifts, together with high speed winds, will affect terrestrial ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jazlynn Hall
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Robert Muscarella
- Department of Plant Ecology and Evolution, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Andrew Quebbeman
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Gabriel Arellano
- Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.,ForestGEO, Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Washington DC, USA
| | - Jill Thompson
- Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Bush Estate, Penicuik, Midlothian, EH26 0QB, UK
| | - Jess K Zimmerman
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Universidad de Puerto Rico, San Juan, Puerto Rico
| | - María Uriarte
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
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22
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Umaña MN, Arellano G, Forero‐Montaña J, Nytch CJ, Swenson NG, Thompson J, Uriarte M, Zimmerman JK. Large‐ and small‐seeded species have contrasting functional neighborhoods in a subtropical forest. Ecosphere 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.3016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- María Natalia Umaña
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of Michigan Ann Arbor Michigan 48109 USA
| | - Gabriel Arellano
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of Michigan Ann Arbor Michigan 48109 USA
- ForestGEO Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute Washington D.C. 20013 USA
| | | | - Christopher J. Nytch
- Department of Biology University of Puerto Rico Río Piedras Puerto Rico 00931 USA
| | - Nathan G. Swenson
- Department of Biology University of Maryland College Park Maryland 20742 USA
| | - Jill Thompson
- Centre for Ecology & Hydrology Bush Estate Penicuik Midlothian EH26 0QB UK
| | - María Uriarte
- Department of Ecology, Evolution& Environmental Biology Columbia University New York New York 10027 USA
| | - Jess K. Zimmerman
- Department of Biology University of Puerto Rico Río Piedras Puerto Rico 00931 USA
- Department of Environmental Science University of Puerto Rico Río Piedras Puerto Rico 00936 USA
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23
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Chen Y, Uriarte M, Wright SJ, Yu S. Effects of neighborhood trait composition on tree survival differ between drought and postdrought periods. Ecology 2019; 100:e02766. [PMID: 31161620 DOI: 10.1002/ecy.2766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Revised: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Although direct tree demographic responses to drought are widely recognized, studies of drought-mediated changes in tree interactions are rare. We hypothesize that drought exacerbates soil-water limitation and intensifies competition for water, but reduces light limitation and competition for light. We predict that competition would be stronger for trees (1) consuming more water or more susceptible to water deficits during drought and (2) intercepting more light or more susceptible to shade during postdrought periods. We tested these predictions in a 50-ha tropical forest plot by quantifying the effects of neighborhood mean trait values on tree survival during versus after a severe drought. We used wood density (WD) and leaf mass per area (LMA) as proxies for water and light use strategies, respectively. Tree survival was lower, canopy loss was greater, and sapling recruitment was greater during the drought relative to postdrought census intervals. This suggests that drought pushed water deficits to lethal extremes and increased understory light availability. Relationships between survival and neighborhood WD were independent of drought, which is inconsistent with our first prediction. In contrast, relationships between survival and neighborhood LMA differed strongly with drought. Survival time was unaffected by neighborhood LMA during drought, but was longer for trees of all sizes in low-LMA neighborhoods in the postdrought census interval, consistent with the prediction of reduced competition for light during drought. Our results suggest that severe drought might increase light availability and reduce competition for light in moist tropical forests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxin Chen
- School of Life Sciences/State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China.,Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zurich, Winterhurerstrasse 190, Zurich, CH-8057, Switzerland
| | - María Uriarte
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Biology, Columbia University, New York, New York, 10027, USA
| | | | - Shixiao Yu
- School of Life Sciences/State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
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24
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Brooks ME, Kristensen K, Darrigo MR, Rubim P, Uriarte M, Bruna E, Bolker BM. Statistical modeling of patterns in annual reproductive rates. Ecology 2019; 100:e02706. [DOI: 10.1002/ecy.2706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2018] [Revised: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mollie E. Brooks
- National Institute of Aquatic Resources Technical University of Denmark Lyngby 2800 Denmark
| | - Kasper Kristensen
- National Institute of Aquatic Resources Technical University of Denmark Lyngby 2800 Denmark
| | - Maria Rosa Darrigo
- Greenpeace Brazil Avenida Joaquim Nabuco, 2367, Centro Manaus Amazonas 6902‐031 Brazil
| | - Paulo Rubim
- Sítio Cotinga Catuçaba São Luíz do Paraitinga São Paulo 12140‐000 Brazil
| | - María Uriarte
- Department of Ecology, Evolution& Environmental Biology Columbia University New York New York 10027 USA
| | - Emilio Bruna
- Department of Wildlife Ecology and Conservation University of Florida Gainesville Florida 32611‐0430 USA
- Center for Latin American Studies University of Florida Gainesville Florida 32611‐5530 USA
- Biological Dynamics of Forest Fragments Project INPA‐PDBFF CP 478 Manaus Amazonas 69011‐970 Brazil
| | - Benjamin M. Bolker
- Department of Mathematics & Statistics and Department of Biology McMaster University Hamilton Ontario L8S 4K1 Canada
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25
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Schwartz NB, Budsock AM, Uriarte M. Fragmentation, forest structure, and topography modulate impacts of drought in a tropical forest landscape. Ecology 2019; 100:e02677. [PMID: 30825323 DOI: 10.1002/ecy.2677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Revised: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Climate models predict increases in drought conditions in many parts of the tropics. Yet the response of tropical forests to drought remains highly uncertain, especially with regards to the factors that generate spatial heterogeneity in drought response across landscapes. In this study, we used Landsat imagery to assess the impacts of a severe drought in 2015 across an ~80,000-ha landscape in Puerto Rico. Specifically, we asked whether drought effects varied systematically with topography and with forest age, height, and fragmentation. We quantified drought impacts using anomalies of two vegetation indices, the enhanced vegetation index (EVI) and normalized difference water index (NDWI), and fit random forest models of these metrics including slope, aspect, forest age, canopy height, and two indices of fragmentation as predictors. Drought effects were more severe on drier topographic positions, that is, steeper slopes and southwest-facing aspects, and in second-growth forests. Shorter and more fragmented forests were also more strongly affected by drought. We also assessed which factors were associated with stronger recovery from drought. Factors associated with more negative drought anomalies were also associated with more positive postdrought anomalies, suggesting that increased light availability as a result of drought led to high rates of recovery in forests more severely affected by drought. In general, recovery from drought was rapid across the landscape, with postdrought anomalies at or above average across the study area. This suggests that forests in Puerto Rico might be resilient to a single-year drought, though vulnerability to drought varies depending on forest characteristics and landscape position.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naomi B Schwartz
- Department of Geography, University of British Columbia, 1984 West Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z2, Canada.,Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior, University of Minnesota, 1479 Gortner Avenue, St. Paul, Minnesota, 55108, USA.,Department of Ecology Evolution and Environmental Biology, Columbia University, 1200 Amsterdam Avenue, New York, New York, 10027, USA
| | - Andrew M Budsock
- Department of Ecology Evolution and Environmental Biology, Columbia University, 1200 Amsterdam Avenue, New York, New York, 10027, USA
| | - María Uriarte
- Department of Ecology Evolution and Environmental Biology, Columbia University, 1200 Amsterdam Avenue, New York, New York, 10027, USA
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26
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Uriarte M, Thompson J, Zimmerman JK. Hurricane María tripled stem breaks and doubled tree mortality relative to other major storms. Nat Commun 2019; 10:1362. [PMID: 30911008 PMCID: PMC6433954 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-09319-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Tropical cyclones are expected to intensify under a warming climate, with uncertain effects on tropical forests. One key challenge to predicting how more intense storms will influence these ecosystems is to attribute impacts specifically to storm meteorology rather than differences in forest characteristics. Here we compare tree damage data collected in the same forest in Puerto Rico after Hurricanes Hugo (1989, category 3), Georges (1998, category 3), and María (2017, category 4). María killed twice as many trees as Hugo, and for all but two species, broke 2- to 12-fold more stems than the other two storms. Species with high density wood were resistant to uprooting, hurricane-induced mortality, and were protected from breakage during Hugo but not María. Tree inventories and a wind exposure model allow us to attribute these differences in impacts to storm meteorology. A better understanding of risk factors associated with tree species susceptibility to severe storms is key to predicting the future of forest ecosystems under climate warming. Given the potential for increasingly common and intense tropical storms, it is important to understand their effects on island forest communities. Here, the authors show that Hurricane María’s strength and rainfall had larger effects on tree mortality than other less severe storms, and that large trees and species with low-density wood were most susceptible.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Uriarte
- Department of Ecology Evolution and Environmental Biology, Columbia University, 1200 Amsterdam Avenue, New York, NY, 10027, USA.
| | - Jill Thompson
- Centre for Ecology & Hydrology Bush Estate, Penicuik, Midlothian, EH26 0QB, UK
| | - Jess K Zimmerman
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, Puerto Rico, 00925, USA
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27
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Umaña MN, Forero‐Montaña J, Nytch CJ, Thompson J, Uriarte M, Zimmerman J, Swenson NG. Dry conditions and disturbance promote liana seedling survival and abundance. Ecology 2019; 100:e02556. [DOI: 10.1002/ecy.2556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2017] [Revised: 09/07/2018] [Accepted: 10/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- María Natalia Umaña
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of Michigan Ann Arbor Michigan 48109 USA
- Department of Biology University of Maryland College Park Maryland 20742 USA
| | | | - Christopher J. Nytch
- Department of Biology University of Puerto Rico Río Piedras Puerto Rico 00931 USA
| | - Jill Thompson
- Centre for Ecology & Hydrology Bush Estate, Penicuik Midlothian EH26 0QB United Kingdom
| | - María Uriarte
- Department of Ecology, Evolution & Environmental Biology Columbia University New York New York 10027 USA
| | - Jess Zimmerman
- Department of Biology University of Puerto Rico Río Piedras Puerto Rico 00931 USA
- Department of Environmental Sciences University of Puerto Rico Río Piedras Puerto Rico 00936 USA
| | - Nathan G. Swenson
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of Michigan Ann Arbor Michigan 48109 USA
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden Chinese Academy of Sciences Kunming China
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28
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Fortunel C, Lasky JR, Uriarte M, Valencia R, Wright SJ, Garwood NC, Kraft NJB. Topography and neighborhood crowding can interact to shape species growth and distribution in a diverse Amazonian forest. Ecology 2018; 99:2272-2283. [PMID: 29975420 DOI: 10.1002/ecy.2441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2017] [Revised: 05/15/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Abiotic constraints and biotic interactions act simultaneously to shape communities. However, these community assembly mechanisms are often studied independently, which can limit understanding of how they interact to affect species dynamics and distributions. We develop a hierarchical Bayesian neighborhood modeling approach to quantify the simultaneous effects of topography and crowding by neighbors on the growth of 124,704 individual stems ≥1 cm DBH for 1,047 tropical tree species in a 25-ha mapped rainforest plot in Amazonian Ecuador. We build multi-level regression models to evaluate how four key functional traits (specific leaf area, maximum tree size, wood specific gravity and seed mass) mediate tree growth response to topography and neighborhood crowding. Tree growth is faster in valleys than on ridges and is reduced by neighborhood crowding. Topography and crowding interact to influence tree growth in ~10% of the species. Specific leaf area, maximum tree size and seed mass are associated with growth responses to topography, but not with responses to neighborhood crowding or with the interaction between topography and crowding. In sum, our study reveals that topography and neighborhood crowding each influence tree growth in tropical forests, but act largely independently in shaping species distributions. While traits were associated with species response to topography, their role in species response to neighborhood crowding was less clear, which suggests that trait effects on neighborhood dynamics may depend on the direction (negative/positive) and degree of symmetry of biotic interactions. Our study emphasizes the importance of simultaneously assessing the individual and interactive role of multiple mechanisms in shaping species dynamics in high diversity tropical systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Fortunel
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, 90095-1606, USA.,AMAP (botAnique et Modélisation de l'Architecture des Plantes et des végétations), IRD, CIRAD, CNRS, INRA, Université de Montpellier, 34398, Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Jesse R Lasky
- Department of Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, 16802, USA
| | - María Uriarte
- Department of Ecology, Evolution & Environmental Biology, Columbia University, New York, New York, 10027, USA
| | - Renato Valencia
- Laboratorio de Ecología de Plantas, Escuela de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Apartado 17-01-2184, Quito, Ecuador
| | - S Joseph Wright
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Apartado 0843-03092, Balboa, Panama
| | - Nancy C Garwood
- Department of Plant Biology, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, Illinois, 62901-6509, USA
| | - Nathan J B Kraft
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, 90095-1606, USA
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29
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Uriarte M, Menge D. Variation between individuals fosters regional species coexistence. Ecol Lett 2018; 21:1496-1504. [PMID: 30084129 DOI: 10.1111/ele.13130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2018] [Revised: 04/09/2018] [Accepted: 07/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Although individual-level variation (IV) is ubiquitous in nature, it is not clear how it influences species coexistence. Theory predicts that IV will hinder coexistence but empirical studies have shown that it can facilitate, inhibit, or have a neutral effect. We use a theoretical model to explore the consequences of IV on local and regional species coexistence in the context of spatial environmental structure. Our results show that individual variation can have a positive effect on species coexistence and that this effect will critically depend on the spatial structure of such variation. IV facilitates coexistence when a negative, concave-up relationship between individuals' competitive response and population growth rates propagates to a disproportionate advantage for the inferior competitor, provided that each species specialises in a habitat. While greater variation in the preferred habitat generally fosters coexistence, the opposite is true for non-preferred habitats. Our results reconcile theory with empirical findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Uriarte
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Biology, Columbia University, 1200 Amsterdam Ave, New York, NY, 10027, USA
| | - Duncan Menge
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Biology, Columbia University, 1200 Amsterdam Ave, New York, NY, 10027, USA
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30
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Chen Y, Umaña MN, Uriarte M, Yu S. Abundance-dependent effects of neighbourhood dissimilarity and growth rank reversal in a neotropical forest. Proc Biol Sci 2018; 285:20172878. [PMID: 29618550 PMCID: PMC5904314 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2017.2878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2017] [Accepted: 03/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Why tropical forests harbour an exceptional number of species with striking differences in abundances remains an open question. We propose a theoretical framework to address this question in which rare species may have different extirpation risks depending on species ranks in tree growth and sensitivities to neighbourhood interactions. To evaluate the framework, we studied tree growth and its responses to neighbourhood dissimilarity (ND) in traits and phylogeny for 146 species in a neotropical forest. We found that tree growth was positively related to ND, and common species were more strongly affected by ND than rare species, which may help delay dominance of common species. Rare species grew more slowly at the community-wide average ND than common species. But rare species grew faster when common species tended to dominate locally, which may help reduce extirpation risk of rare species. Our study highlights that tree growth rank among species depends on their responses to neighbourhood interactions, which can be important in fostering diversity maintenance in tropical forests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxin Chen
- School of Life Sciences/State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, People's Republic of China
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - María Natalia Umaña
- Department of Biology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
- Yale School of Forestry and Environmental Studies, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - María Uriarte
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Shixiao Yu
- School of Life Sciences/State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, People's Republic of China
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Uriarte M, Muscarella R, Zimmerman JK. Environmental heterogeneity and biotic interactions mediate climate impacts on tropical forest regeneration. Glob Chang Biol 2018; 24:e692-e704. [PMID: 29194879 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.14000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2017] [Revised: 10/04/2017] [Accepted: 11/20/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Predicting the fate of tropical forests under a changing climate requires understanding species responses to climatic variability and extremes. Seedlings may be particularly vulnerable to climatic stress given low stored resources and undeveloped roots; they also portend the potential effects of climate change on future forest composition. Here we use data for ca. 50,000 tropical seedlings representing 25 woody species to assess (i) the effects of interannual variation in rainfall and solar radiation between 2007 and 2016 on seedling survival over 9 years in a subtropical forest; and (ii) how spatial heterogeneity in three environmental factors-soil moisture, understory light, and conspecific neighborhood density-modulate these responses. Community-wide seedling survival was not sensitive to interannual rainfall variability but interspecific variation in these responses was large, overwhelming the average community response. In contrast, community-wide responses to solar radiation were predominantly positive. Spatial heterogeneity in soil moisture and conspecific density were the predominant and most consistent drivers of seedling survival, with the majority of species exhibiting greater survival at low conspecific densities and positive or nonlinear responses to soil moisture. This environmental heterogeneity modulated impacts of rainfall and solar radiation. Negative conspecific effects were amplified during rainy years and at dry sites, whereas the positive effects of radiation on survival were more pronounced for seedlings existing at high understory light levels. These results demonstrate that environmental heterogeneity is not only the main driver of seedling survival in this forest but also plays a central role in buffering or exacerbating impacts of climate fluctuations on forest regeneration. Since seedlings represent a key bottleneck in the demographic cycle of trees, efforts to predict the long-term effects of a changing climate on tropical forests must take into account this environmental heterogeneity and how its effects on regeneration dynamics play out in long-term stand dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Uriarte
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Robert Muscarella
- Section for Ecoinformatics and Biodiversity, Department of Bisocience, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Jess K Zimmerman
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, Puerto Rico, USA
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32
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Bachelot B, Uriarte M, Muscarella R, Forero-Montaña J, Thompson J, McGuire K, Zimmerman J, Swenson NG, Clark JS. Associations among arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and seedlings are predicted to change with tree successional status. Ecology 2018; 99:607-620. [PMID: 29281752 DOI: 10.1002/ecy.2122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2017] [Revised: 11/22/2017] [Accepted: 12/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi in the soil may influence tropical tree dynamics and forest succession. The mechanisms are poorly understood, because the functional characteristics and abundances of tree species and AM fungi are likely to be codependent. We used generalized joint attribute modeling to evaluate if AM fungi are associated with three forest community metrics for a sub-tropical montane forest in Puerto Rico. The metrics chosen to reflect changes during forest succession are the abundance of seedlings of different successional status, the amount of foliar damage on seedlings of different successional status, and community-weighted mean functional trait values (adult specific leaf area [SLA], adult wood density, and seed mass). We used high-throughput DNA sequencing to identify fungal operational taxonomic units (OTUs) in the soil. Model predictions showed that seedlings of mid- and late-successional species had less leaf damage when the 12 most common AM fungi were abundant compared to when these fungi were absent. We also found that seedlings of mid-successional species were predicted to be more abundant when the 12 most common AM fungi were abundant compared to when these fungi were absent. In contrast, early-successional tree seedlings were predicted to be less abundant when the 12 most common AM fungi were abundant compared to when these fungi were absent. Finally, we showed that, among the 12 most common AM fungi, different AM fungi were correlated with functional trait characteristics of early- or late-successional species. Together, these results suggest that early-successional species might not rely as much as mid- and late-successional species on AM fungi, and AM fungi might accelerate forest succession.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - María Uriarte
- Department of Ecology Evolution and Environmental Biology, Columbia University, New York, New York, 10027, USA
| | - Robert Muscarella
- Section for Ecoinformatics & Biodiversity, Department of Bisocience, Aarhus University, Aarhus, 8000, Denmark
| | - Jimena Forero-Montaña
- Department of Environmental Science, University of Puerto Rico-Rıo Piedras, San Juan, Puerto Rico, 00931, USA
| | - Jill Thompson
- Department of Environmental Science, University of Puerto Rico-Rıo Piedras, San Juan, Puerto Rico, 00931, USA.,Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Penicuik, Midlothian, EH26 0QB, United Kingdom
| | - Krista McGuire
- Department of Biology, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, 97403, USA
| | - Jess Zimmerman
- Department of Environmental Science, University of Puerto Rico-Rıo Piedras, San Juan, Puerto Rico, 00931, USA
| | - Nathan G Swenson
- Department of Biology, The University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, 20742, USA
| | - James S Clark
- Nicholas School of the Environment and Department of Statistical Science, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, 27708, USA
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Feng X, Uriarte M, González G, Reed S, Thompson J, Zimmerman JK, Murphy L. Improving predictions of tropical forest response to climate change through integration of field studies and ecosystem modeling. Glob Chang Biol 2018; 24:e213-e232. [PMID: 28804989 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.13863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2017] [Accepted: 07/24/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Tropical forests play a critical role in carbon and water cycles at a global scale. Rapid climate change is anticipated in tropical regions over the coming decades and, under a warmer and drier climate, tropical forests are likely to be net sources of carbon rather than sinks. However, our understanding of tropical forest response and feedback to climate change is very limited. Efforts to model climate change impacts on carbon fluxes in tropical forests have not reached a consensus. Here, we use the Ecosystem Demography model (ED2) to predict carbon fluxes of a Puerto Rican tropical forest under realistic climate change scenarios. We parameterized ED2 with species-specific tree physiological data using the Predictive Ecosystem Analyzer workflow and projected the fate of this ecosystem under five future climate scenarios. The model successfully captured interannual variability in the dynamics of this tropical forest. Model predictions closely followed observed values across a wide range of metrics including aboveground biomass, tree diameter growth, tree size class distributions, and leaf area index. Under a future warming and drying climate scenario, the model predicted reductions in carbon storage and tree growth, together with large shifts in forest community composition and structure. Such rapid changes in climate led the forest to transition from a sink to a source of carbon. Growth respiration and root allocation parameters were responsible for the highest fraction of predictive uncertainty in modeled biomass, highlighting the need to target these processes in future data collection. Our study is the first effort to rely on Bayesian model calibration and synthesis to elucidate the key physiological parameters that drive uncertainty in tropical forests responses to climatic change. We propose a new path forward for model-data synthesis that can substantially reduce uncertainty in our ability to model tropical forest responses to future climate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohui Feng
- Department of Ecology, Evolution & Environmental Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - María Uriarte
- Department of Ecology, Evolution & Environmental Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Grizelle González
- International Institute of Tropical Forestry, United States Department of Agriculture Forest Service, Río Piedras, Puerto Rico
| | - Sasha Reed
- Southwest Biological Science Center, U.S. Geological Survey, Moab, UT, USA
| | - Jill Thompson
- Department of Environmental Science, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, Puerto Rico
| | - Jess K Zimmerman
- Department of Environmental Science, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, Puerto Rico
| | - Lora Murphy
- Department of Ecology, Evolution & Environmental Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Cary Institute of Ecosystem Studies, Millbrook, NY, USA
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Wiegand T, Uriarte M, Kraft NJ, Shen G, Wang X, He F. Spatially Explicit Metrics of Species Diversity, Functional Diversity, and Phylogenetic Diversity: Insights into Plant Community Assembly Processes. Annu Rev Ecol Evol Syst 2017. [DOI: 10.1146/annurev-ecolsys-110316-022936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Spatial processes underlie major species coexistence mechanisms. A range of spatial analysis techniques are increasingly applied to data of fully mapped communities to quantify spatial structures in species and phylogenetic and functional diversity at some given spatial scale with the goal of gaining insights into processes of community assembly and dynamics. We review these techniques, including spatial point pattern analysis, quadrat-based analyses, and individual-based neighborhood models, and provide a practical roadmap for ecologists in the analysis of local spatial structures in species and phylogenetic and functional diversity. We show how scale-dependent metrics of spatial diversity can be used in concert with ecological null models, statistical models, and dynamic community simulation models to detect spatial patterns, reveal the influence of the biotic neighborhood on plant performance, and quantify the relative contribution of species interactions, habitat heterogeneity, and stochastic processes to community assembly across scale. Future works should integrate these approaches into a dynamic spatiotemporal framework.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thorsten Wiegand
- Department of Ecological Modelling, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research UFZ, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - María Uriarte
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Environmental Biology, Columbia University, New York 10027
| | - Nathan J.B. Kraft
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - Guochun Shen
- Tiantong National Forest Ecosystem Observation and Research Station, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Xugao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Fangliang He
- Department of Renewable Resources, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2H1, Canada
- Sun Yat-sen University-Alberta Joint Laboratory for Biodiversity Conservation, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
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Schwartz NB, Uriarte M, DeFries R, Bedka KM, Fernandes K, Gutiérrez-Vélez V, Pinedo-Vasquez MA. Fragmentation increases wind disturbance impacts on forest structure and carbon stocks in a western Amazonian landscape. Ecol Appl 2017; 27:1901-1915. [PMID: 28593704 DOI: 10.1002/eap.1576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2016] [Revised: 04/01/2017] [Accepted: 04/27/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Tropical second-growth forests could help mitigate climate change, but the degree to which their carbon potential is achieved will depend on exposure to disturbance. Wind disturbance is common in tropical forests, shaping structure, composition, and function, and influencing successional trajectories. However, little is known about the impacts of extreme winds on second-growth forests in fragmented landscapes, though these ecosystems are often located in mosaics of forest, pasture, cropland, and other land cover types. Indirect evidence suggests that fragmentation increases risk of wind damage in tropical forests, but no studies have found such impacts following severe storms. In this study, we ask whether fragmentation and forest type (old vs. second growth) were associated with variation in wind damage after a severe convective storm in a fragmented production landscape in western Amazonia. We applied linear spectral unmixing to Landsat 8 imagery from before and after the storm, and combined it with field observations of damage to map wind effects on forest structure and biomass. We also used Landsat 8 imagery to map land cover with the goals of identifying old- and second-growth forest and characterizing fragmentation. We used these data to assess variation in wind disturbance across 95,596 ha of forest, distributed over 6,110 patches. We find that fragmentation is significantly associated with wind damage, with damage severity higher at forest edges and in edgier, more isolated patches. Damage was also more severe in old-growth than in second-growth forests, but this effect was weaker than that of fragmentation. These results illustrate the importance of considering landscape context in planning tropical forest restoration and natural regeneration projects. Assessments of long-term carbon sequestration potential need to consider spatial variation in disturbance exposure. Where risk of extreme winds is high, minimizing fragmentation and isolation could increase carbon sequestration potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naomi B Schwartz
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Environmental Biology, Columbia University, New York, New York, 10027, USA
| | - María Uriarte
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Environmental Biology, Columbia University, New York, New York, 10027, USA
| | - Ruth DeFries
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Environmental Biology, Columbia University, New York, New York, 10027, USA
| | | | - Katia Fernandes
- International Research Institute for Climate and Society, Columbia University, Palisades, New York, 10964, USA
- Center for International Forestry Research, Bogor, 16115, Indonesia
| | - Victor Gutiérrez-Vélez
- Department of Geography and Urban Studies, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19122, USA
| | - Miguel A Pinedo-Vasquez
- International Research Institute for Climate and Society, Columbia University, Palisades, New York, 10964, USA
- Center for International Forestry Research, Bogor, 16115, Indonesia
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Prist PR, Uriarte M, Fernandes K, Metzger JP. Climate change and sugarcane expansion increase Hantavirus infection risk. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2017; 11:e0005705. [PMID: 28727744 PMCID: PMC5519001 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0005705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2017] [Accepted: 06/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Hantavirus Cardiopulmonary Syndrome (HCPS) is a disease caused by Hantavirus, which is highly virulent for humans. High temperatures and conversion of native vegetation to agriculture, particularly sugarcane cultivation can alter abundance of rodent generalist species that serve as the principal reservoir host for HCPS, but our understanding of the compound effects of land use and climate on HCPS incidence remains limited, particularly in tropical regions. Here we rely on a Bayesian model to fill this research gap and to predict the effects of sugarcane expansion and expected changes in temperature on Hantavirus infection risk in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. The sugarcane expansion scenario was based on historical data between 2000 and 2010 combined with an agro-environment zoning guideline for the sugar and ethanol industry. Future evolution of temperature anomalies was derived using 32 general circulation models from scenarios RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 (Representative greenhouse gases Concentration Pathways adopted by IPCC). Currently, the state of São Paulo has an average Hantavirus risk of 1.3%, with 6% of the 645 municipalities of the state being classified as high risk (HCPS risk ≥ 5%). Our results indicate that sugarcane expansion alone will increase average HCPS risk to 1.5%, placing 20% more people at HCPS risk. Temperature anomalies alone increase HCPS risk even more (1.6% for RCP4.5 and 1.7%, for RCP8.5), and place 31% and 34% more people at risk. Combined sugarcane and temperature increases led to the same predictions as scenarios that only included temperature. Our results demonstrate that climate change effects are likely to be more severe than those from sugarcane expansion. Forecasting disease is critical for the timely and efficient planning of operational control programs that can address the expected effects of sugarcane expansion and climate change on HCPS infection risk. The predicted spatial location of HCPS infection risks obtained here can be used to prioritize management actions and develop educational campaigns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Ribeiro Prist
- Department of Ecology, Bioscience Institute, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- * E-mail:
| | - María Uriarte
- Department of Ecology, Evolution & Environmental Biology, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Katia Fernandes
- International Research Institute for Climate and Society; Earth Institute; Columbia University, Palisades, New York, United States of America
| | - Jean Paul Metzger
- Department of Ecology, Bioscience Institute, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Bachelot B, Uriarte M, McGuire KL, Thompson J, Zimmerman J. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal diversity and natural enemies promote coexistence of tropical tree species. Ecology 2017; 98:712-720. [DOI: 10.1002/ecy.1683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2016] [Revised: 10/19/2016] [Accepted: 11/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Benedicte Bachelot
- Department of Biology; Duke University; 130 Science Drive Durham North Carolina 27701 USA
| | - María Uriarte
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Biology; Columbia University; 1200 Amsterdam Avenue New York City New York 10027 USA
| | - Krista L. McGuire
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Biology; Columbia University; 1200 Amsterdam Avenue New York City New York 10027 USA
- Department of Biology; Barnard College; Columbia University; New York City New York 10027 USA
| | - Jill Thompson
- Department of Environmental Sciences; University of Puerto Rico; Río Piedras Campus San Juan Puerto Rico 00936 USA
- Centre for Ecology & Hydrology; Bush Estate Penicuik; Midlothian EH26 0QB United Kingdom
| | - Jess Zimmerman
- Department of Environmental Sciences; University of Puerto Rico; Río Piedras Campus San Juan Puerto Rico 00936 USA
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38
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Muscarella R, Uriarte M. Do community-weighted mean functional traits reflect optimal strategies? Proc Biol Sci 2016; 283:20152434. [PMID: 27030412 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2015.2434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2015] [Accepted: 03/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The notion that relationships between community-weighted mean (CWM) traits (i.e. plot-level trait values weighted by species abundances) and environmental conditions reflect selection towards locally optimal phenotypes is challenged by the large amount of interspecific trait variation typically found within ecological communities. Reconciling these contrasting patterns is a key to advancing predictive theories of functional community ecology. We combined data on geographical distributions and three traits (wood density, leaf mass per area and maximum height) of 173 tree species in Puerto Rico. We tested the hypothesis that species are more likely to occur where their trait values are more similar to the local CWM trait values (the'CWM-optimality' hypothesis) by comparing species occurrence patterns (as a proxy for fitness) with the functional composition of forest plots across a precipitation gradient. While 70% of the species supported CWM-optimality for at least one trait, nearly 25% significantly opposed it for at least one trait, thereby contributing to local functional diversity. The majority (85%) of species that opposed CWM-optimality did so only for one trait and few species opposed CWM-optimality in multivariate trait space. Our study suggests that constraints to local functional variation act more strongly on multivariate phenotypes than on univariate traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Muscarella
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA Section for Ecoinformatics and Biodiversity, Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - María Uriarte
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
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39
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Uriarte M, Chazdon RL. Incorporating natural regeneration in forest landscape restoration in tropical regions: synthesis and key research gaps. Biotropica 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/btp.12411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- María Uriarte
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Biology Columbia University 10th Floor Schermerhorn Extension, 1200 Amsterdam Ave. New York NY 10027 USA
| | - Robin L. Chazdon
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of Connecticut 75 N. Eagleville Road, Unit 3043 Storrs CT 06268‐3043 USA
- International Institute for Sustainability Estrada Dona Castorina 124, Horto Rio de Janeiro Brazil
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40
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Uriarte M, Schwartz N, Powers JS, Marín‐Spiotta E, Liao W, Werden LK. Impacts of climate variability on tree demography in second growth tropical forests: the importance of regional context for predicting successional trajectories. Biotropica 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/btp.12380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- María Uriarte
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Biology Columbia University 11th floor Schermerhorn Ext., 1200 Amsterdam Ave. New York NY 10027 USA
| | - Naomi Schwartz
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Biology Columbia University 11th floor Schermerhorn Ext., 1200 Amsterdam Ave. New York NY 10027 USA
| | - Jennifer S. Powers
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior University of Minnesota 140 Gortner Laboratory 1479 Gortner Avenue St. Paul MN 55108 USA
- Department of Plant Biology University of Minnesota 140 Gortner Laboratory 1479 Gortner Avenue St. Paul MN 55108 USA
| | - Erika Marín‐Spiotta
- Department of Geography University of Wisconsin – Madison 550 North Park St Madison Wisconsin 53706 USA
| | - Wenying Liao
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Biology Columbia University 11th floor Schermerhorn Ext., 1200 Amsterdam Ave. New York NY 10027 USA
| | - Leland K. Werden
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior University of Minnesota 140 Gortner Laboratory 1479 Gortner Avenue St. Paul MN 55108 USA
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41
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin L. Chazdon
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of Connecticut 75 N. Eagleville Road, Unit 3043 Storrs CT, 06268‐3043 USA
- International Institute for Sustainability Estrada Dona Castorina 124 Horto Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | - María Uriarte
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Biology Columbia University 1113 Schermerhorn Ext. 1200 Amsterdam Ave.New York NY 10027 USA
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Bachelot B, Uriarte M, Zimmerman JK, Thompson J, Leff JW, Asiaii A, Koshner J, McGuire K. Long-lasting effects of land use history on soil fungal communities in second-growth tropical rain forests. Ecol Appl 2016; 26:1881-1895. [PMID: 27755697 DOI: 10.1890/15-1397.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2015] [Revised: 02/04/2016] [Accepted: 02/10/2016] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Our understanding of the long-lasting effects of human land use on soil fungal communities in tropical forests is limited. Yet, over 70% of all remaining tropical forests are growing in former agricultural or logged areas. We investigated the relationship among land use history, biotic and abiotic factors, and soil fungal community composition and diversity in a second-growth tropical forest in Puerto Rico. We coupled high-throughput DNA sequencing with tree community and environmental data to determine whether land use history had an effect on soil fungal community descriptors. We also investigated the biotic and abiotic factors that underlie such differences and asked whether the relative importance of biotic (tree diversity, basal tree area, and litterfall biomass) and abiotic (soil type, pH, iron, and total carbon, water flow, and canopy openness) factors in structuring soil fungal communities differed according to land use history. We demonstrated long-lasting effects of land use history on soil fungal communities. At our research site, most of the explained variation in soil fungal composition (R2 = 18.6%), richness (R2 = 11.4%), and evenness (R2 = 10%) was associated with edaphic factors. Areas previously subject to both logging and farming had a soil fungal community with lower beta diversity and greater evenness of fungal operational taxonomic units (OTUs) than areas subject to light logging. Yet, fungal richness was similar between the two areas of historical land use. Together, these results suggest that fungal communities in disturbed areas are more homogeneous and diverse than in areas subject to light logging. Edaphic factors were the most strongly correlated with soil fungal composition, especially in areas subject to light logging, where soils are more heterogenous. High functional tree diversity in areas subject to both logging and farming led to stronger correlations between biotic factors and fungal composition than in areas subject to light logging. In contrast, fungal richness and evenness were more strongly correlated with biotic factors in areas of light logging, suggesting that these metrics might reflect long-term associations in old-growth forests. The large amount of unexplained variance in fungal composition suggests that these communities are structured by both stochastic and niche assemblage processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benedicte Bachelot
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Biology, Columbia University, 1200 Amsterdam Avenue, New York, New York, 10027, USA.
| | - María Uriarte
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Biology, Columbia University, 1200 Amsterdam Avenue, New York, New York, 10027, USA
| | - Jess K Zimmerman
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Puerto Rico, Río Piedras Campus, San Juan, Puerto Rico, 00936, USA
| | - Jill Thompson
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Puerto Rico, Río Piedras Campus, San Juan, Puerto Rico, 00936, USA
- Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Bush Estate, Penicuik, Midlothian, EH26 0QB, UK
| | - Jonathan W Leff
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado Boulder, 1900 Pleasant street, 334 UCB, Boulder, Colorado, 80309, USA
| | - Ava Asiaii
- Department of Biology, Barnard College, Columbia University, New York, New York, 10027, USA
| | - Jenny Koshner
- Department of Biology, Barnard College, Columbia University, New York, New York, 10027, USA
| | - Krista McGuire
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Biology, Columbia University, 1200 Amsterdam Avenue, New York, New York, 10027, USA
- Department of Biology, Barnard College, Columbia University, New York, New York, 10027, USA
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Hogan JA, Zimmerman JK, Thompson J, Nytch CJ, Uriarte M. The interaction of land‐use legacies and hurricane disturbance in subtropical wet forest: twenty‐one years of change. Ecosphere 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.1405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- James Aaron Hogan
- Department of Environmental Sciences University of Puerto Rico–Río Piedras San Juan Puerto Rico 00925 USA
| | - Jess K. Zimmerman
- Department of Environmental Sciences University of Puerto Rico–Río Piedras San Juan Puerto Rico 00925 USA
| | - Jill Thompson
- Department of Environmental Sciences University of Puerto Rico–Río Piedras San Juan Puerto Rico 00925 USA
- Centre for Ecology & Hydrology Edinburgh Midlothian EH26 0QB UK
| | - Christopher J. Nytch
- Department of Environmental Sciences University of Puerto Rico–Río Piedras San Juan Puerto Rico 00925 USA
| | - María Uriarte
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Biology Columbia University New York New York 10027 USA
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Uriarte M, Lasky JR, Boukili VK, Chazdon RL. A trait‐mediated, neighbourhood approach to quantify climate impacts on successional dynamics of tropical rainforests. Funct Ecol 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.12576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- María Uriarte
- Department of Ecology, Evolution & Environmental Biology Columbia University New York NY 10027 USA
| | - Jesse R. Lasky
- Department of Ecology, Evolution & Environmental Biology Columbia University New York NY 10027 USA
| | - Vanessa K. Boukili
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of Connecticut Storrs CT 06269 USA
| | - Robin L. Chazdon
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of Connecticut Storrs CT 06269 USA
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Uriarte M, Turner BL, Thompson J, Zimmerman JK. Linking spatial patterns of leaf litterfall and soil nutrients in a tropical forest: a neighborhood approach. Ecol Appl 2015; 25:2022-34. [PMID: 26591466 DOI: 10.1890/15-0112.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Leaf litter represents an important link between tree community composition, forest productivity and biomass, and ecosystem processes. In forests, the spatial distribution of trees and species-specific differences in leaf litter production and quality are likely to cause spatial heterogeneity in nutrient returns to the forest floor and, therefore, in the redistribution of soil nutrients. Using mapped trees and leaf litter data for 12 tree species in a subtropical forest with a well-documented history of land use, we: (1) parameterized spatially explicit models of leaf litter biomass and nutrient deposition; (2) assessed variation in leaf litter inputs across forest areas with different land use legacies; and (3) determined the degree to which the quantity and quality of leaf litter inputs and soil physical characteristics are associated with spatial heterogeneity in soil nutrient ratios (C:N and N:P). The models captured the effects of tree size and location on spatial variation in leaf litterfall (R² = 0.31-0.79). For all 12 focal species, most of the leaf litter fell less than 5 m away from the source trees, generating fine- scale spatial heterogeneity in leaf litter inputs. Secondary forest species, which dominate areas in earlier successional stages, had lower leaf litter C:N ratios and produced less litter biomass than old-growth specialists. In contrast, P content and N:P ratios did not vary consistently among successional groups. Interspecific variation in leaf litter quality translated into differences in the quantity and quality (C:N) of total leaf litter biomass inputs and among areas with different land use histories. Spatial variation in leaf litter C:N inputs was the major factor associated with heterogeneity in soil C:N ratios relative to soil physical characteristics. In contrast, spatial variation soil N:P was more strongly associated with spatial variation in topography than heterogeneity in leaf litter inputs. The modeling approach presented here can be used to generate prediction surfaces for leaf litter deposition and quality onto the forest floor, a useful tool for understanding soil-vegetation feedbacks. A better understanding of the role of leaf litter inputs from secondary vegetation in restoring soil nutrient stocks will also assist in managing expanding secondary forests in tropical regions.
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Uriarte M, Egües C, Meneses C, Errazquin N, Belzunegui J, De la Herrán G. AB0904 Prevalence of Atypical Fractures in a Tertiary Hospital. Ann Rheum Dis 2015. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2015-eular.3729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Errazquin N, Meneses C, Uriarte M, Egües C, Belzunegui J. FRI0125 Development of Neurological Complications After Therapy with Anti-TNF Drugs: Table 1. Ann Rheum Dis 2015. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2015-eular.4116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Uriarte M, Egües C, Errazquin N, Meneses C, Hernando I, Belzunegui J. THU0256 Septic Arthritis: Retrospective Case Series. Ann Rheum Dis 2015. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2015-eular.5090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Escolano Pueyo A, Agustín MJ, Uriarte M, Galindo M, Gimeno V, Palomo P. PS-114 Assessment of potential drug interactions between antineoplastic agents and drugs prescribed in primary care in cancer patients. Eur J Hosp Pharm 2015. [DOI: 10.1136/ejhpharm-2015-000639.437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Pascual O, Real J, Uriarte M, Larrodé I, Alonso Y, Abad M. Evaluación de la conciliación de la medicación en una Unidad de Traumatología. Rev Esp Cir Ortop Traumatol (Engl Ed) 2015; 59:91-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.recot.2014.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2014] [Revised: 07/03/2014] [Accepted: 07/06/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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