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Lei Y, Guo M, Xie J, Liu X, Li X, Wang H, Xu Y, Zheng D. Relationship between blood cadmium levels and bone mineral density in adults: a cross-sectional study. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1354577. [PMID: 38577568 PMCID: PMC10991703 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1354577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Osteoporosis, a disease of reduced bone mass and microstructural deterioration leading to fragility fractures, is becoming more prevalent as aging progresses, significantly increasing the socioeconomic burden. In past studies, there has been a growing awareness of the harmful effects of heavy metals on bone, with cadmium being a significant exposure factor. The purpose of this study was to look into the association between adult bone mineral density(BMD) and blood cadmium levels. Methods Based on information from the 2013-2014, 2017-2018 NHANES, weighted multiple regression, generalized weighted modeling, and smoothed curve fitting were utilized to investigate the association between blood cadmium and femur BMD. Furthermore, subgroup analyses were conducted to investigate any differences in the associations between age, sex, race, chronic kidney disease, and diabetes. Results In 2,146 participants, blood cadmium levels and total femur [-0.02 (-0.03, -0.01), 0.0027], femoral neck [-0.01 (-0.02, -0.00), 0.0240], femoral trochanter [-0.01 (-0.02, -0.00), 0.0042], and intertrochanteric femoral trochanter [-0.02 (-0.03, -0.00), 0.0101] BMD were negatively correlated. Subgroup analyses showed that this association was more pronounced in women, non-Hispanic white people and other Hispanics, and those with chronic kidney disease and diabetes. Our results pointed to a negative relationship between femoral BMD and blood cadmium. This negative association varied by age, sex, race, diabetes, and chronic kidney disease. In particular, bone mineral density was more significantly negatively affected by blood cadmium levels in groups with diabetes and chronic kidney disease. Conclusion Our findings demonstrated a significant negative association between blood cadmium levels and bone mineral density in a population of U.S. adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Lei
- Department of Nephrology, The Affiliated Huai’an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University and Huai’an Second People’s Hospital, Huai’an, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Huai’an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University and Huai’an Second People’s Hospital, Huai’an, China
- Huai’an Key Laboratory of Chronic Kidney Disease, The Affiliated Huai’an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University and Huai’an Second People’s Hospital, Huai’an, China
| | - Meiqian Guo
- Department of Nephrology, The Affiliated Huai’an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University and Huai’an Second People’s Hospital, Huai’an, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Huai’an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University and Huai’an Second People’s Hospital, Huai’an, China
- Huai’an Key Laboratory of Chronic Kidney Disease, The Affiliated Huai’an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University and Huai’an Second People’s Hospital, Huai’an, China
| | - Juan Xie
- Department of Nephrology, The Affiliated Huai’an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University and Huai’an Second People’s Hospital, Huai’an, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Huai’an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University and Huai’an Second People’s Hospital, Huai’an, China
- Huai’an Key Laboratory of Chronic Kidney Disease, The Affiliated Huai’an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University and Huai’an Second People’s Hospital, Huai’an, China
| | - Xueqing Liu
- Department of Nephrology, The Affiliated Huai’an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University and Huai’an Second People’s Hospital, Huai’an, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Huai’an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University and Huai’an Second People’s Hospital, Huai’an, China
- Huai’an Key Laboratory of Chronic Kidney Disease, The Affiliated Huai’an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University and Huai’an Second People’s Hospital, Huai’an, China
| | - Xiang Li
- Department of Nephrology, The Affiliated Huai’an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University and Huai’an Second People’s Hospital, Huai’an, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Huai’an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University and Huai’an Second People’s Hospital, Huai’an, China
- Huai’an Key Laboratory of Chronic Kidney Disease, The Affiliated Huai’an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University and Huai’an Second People’s Hospital, Huai’an, China
| | - Hongwu Wang
- Department of Nephrology, The Affiliated Huai’an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University and Huai’an Second People’s Hospital, Huai’an, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Huai’an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University and Huai’an Second People’s Hospital, Huai’an, China
- Huai’an Key Laboratory of Chronic Kidney Disease, The Affiliated Huai’an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University and Huai’an Second People’s Hospital, Huai’an, China
| | - Yong Xu
- Department of Nephrology, The Affiliated Huai’an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University and Huai’an Second People’s Hospital, Huai’an, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Huai’an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University and Huai’an Second People’s Hospital, Huai’an, China
- Huai’an Key Laboratory of Chronic Kidney Disease, The Affiliated Huai’an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University and Huai’an Second People’s Hospital, Huai’an, China
| | - Donghui Zheng
- Department of Nephrology, The Affiliated Huai’an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University and Huai’an Second People’s Hospital, Huai’an, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Huai’an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University and Huai’an Second People’s Hospital, Huai’an, China
- Huai’an Key Laboratory of Chronic Kidney Disease, The Affiliated Huai’an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University and Huai’an Second People’s Hospital, Huai’an, China
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Alipour E, Aghapour AA, Bahrami Asl F. Concentration, spatial distribution, and non-carcinogenic risk assessment of arsenic, cadmium, chromium, and lead in drinking water in rural areas of eight cities of West Azarbaijan province, Iran. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:20222-20233. [PMID: 38369658 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-32433-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
Exposure to heavy metals through drinking water can cause significant adverse health effects. The aim of the present study was to investigate the concentration, spatial distribution, and assessment of non-carcinogenic risk attributed to exposure to arsenic (As), chromium (Cr), cadmium (Cd), and lead (Pb) in rural areas of eight cities of the West Azerbaijan province of Iran. Eighty-five water samples were taken from randomly selected drinking water wells in the rural areas, and the concentration of the heavy metals was measured by using standard methods. The concentration distribution maps were drawn, and the non-carcinogenic health risks for ingestion and dermal exposure pathways were calculated in four age groups (including infants, children, teenagers, and adults). According to the obtained results, arsenic is considered as the most worrying pollutant among the investigated heavy metals. The maximum measured concentration for arsenic was 371.9 μg/L, which is 37 times the maximum permissible limit. The results of the health risk assessment illustrate that exposure to heavy metals via dermal contact do not pose significant non-carcinogenic risks. However, the calculated non-carcinogenic risks for oral exposure to arsenic were very high and concerning. The highest hazard quotient for oral exposure to arsenic was related to rural of city G (82.64). It is recommended to take the necessary measures as soon as possible regarding the supply of safe drinking water in the studied areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elnaz Alipour
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Ali Ahmad Aghapour
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Farshad Bahrami Asl
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran.
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3
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Lei X, Xu Z, Huang L, Huang Y, Tu S, Xu L, Liu D. The potential influence of melatonin on mitochondrial quality control: a review. Front Pharmacol 2024; 14:1332567. [PMID: 38273825 PMCID: PMC10808166 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1332567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/31/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are critical for cellular energetic metabolism, intracellular signaling orchestration and programmed death regulation. Therefore, mitochondrial dysfunction is associated with various pathogeneses. The maintenance of mitochondrial homeostasis and functional recovery after injury are coordinated by mitochondrial biogenesis, dynamics and autophagy, which are collectively referred to as mitochondrial quality control. There is increasing evidence that mitochondria are important targets for melatonin to exert protective effects under pathological conditions. Melatonin, an evolutionarily conserved tryptophan metabolite, can be synthesized, transported and metabolized in mitochondria. In this review, we summarize the important role of melatonin in the damaged mitochondria elimination and mitochondrial energy supply recovery by regulating mitochondrial quality control, which may provide new strategies for clinical treatment of mitochondria-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xudan Lei
- Radiation Oncology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Experimental Research, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Center, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhenni Xu
- Radiation Oncology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Experimental Research, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Center, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Lingxiao Huang
- Radiation Oncology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Experimental Research, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Center, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Yujun Huang
- College of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Siyu Tu
- College of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Lu Xu
- Radiation Oncology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Experimental Research, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Center, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Dengqun Liu
- Radiation Oncology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Experimental Research, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Center, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- College of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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Li J, Tian G, Wang X, Tang H, Liu Y, Guo H, Wang C, Chen Y, Yang Y. Effects of short photoperiod on cashmere growth, hormone concentrations and hair follicle development-related gene expression in cashmere goats. JOURNAL OF APPLIED ANIMAL RESEARCH 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/09712119.2022.2153853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Junda Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guangjie Tian
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xingtao Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hongyu Tang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuyang Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hongran Guo
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chunxin Wang
- Jilin Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Gongzhuling, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yulin Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuxin Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, People’s Republic of China
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Sepulchro Mulher LCC, Simões RP, Rossi KA, Schereider IRG, Silva Nascimento CLD, Ávila RA, Padilha AS. In vitro cadmium exposure induces structural damage and endothelial dysfunction in female rat aorta. Biometals 2023; 36:1405-1420. [PMID: 37651061 DOI: 10.1007/s10534-023-00526-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium is a heavy metal that is widespread in the environment and has been described as a metalloestrogen and a cardiovascular risk factor. Experimental studies conducted in male animals have shown that cadmium exposure induces vascular dysfunction, which could lead to vasculopathies caused by this metal. However, it is necessary to investigate the vascular effects of cadmium in female rats to understand its potential sex-dependent impact on the cardiovascular system. While its effects on male rats have been studied, cadmium may act differently in females due to its potential as a metalloestrogen. In vitro studies conducted in a controlled environment allow for a direct assessment of cadmium's impact on vascular function, and the use of female rats ensures that sex-dependent effects are evaluated. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the in vitro effects of Cadmium Chloride (CdCl2, 5 µM) exposure on vascular reactivity in the isolated aorta of female Wistar rats. Exposure to CdCl2 damaged the architecture of the vascular endothelium. CdCl2 incubation increased the production and release of O2•-, reduced the participation of potassium (K+) channels, and increased the participation of the angiotensin II pathway in response to phenylephrine. Moreover, estrogen receptors alpha (Erα) modulated vascular reactivity to phenylephrine in the presence of cadmium, supporting the hypothesis that cadmium could act as a metalloestrogen. Our results demonstrated that in vitro cadmium exposure induces damage to endothelial architecture and an increase in oxidative stress in the isolated aorta of female rats, which could precipitate vasculopathies. Graphical Abstract. Own source from Canva and Servier Medical Art servers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorraine Christiny Costa Sepulchro Mulher
- Physiological Sciences Post-Graduation Program, CCS/UFES, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Av. Marechal Campos, 1468, 26 Maruípe, Vitoria, ES, 29043-900, Brazil
| | - Rakel Passos Simões
- Physiological Sciences Post-Graduation Program, CCS/UFES, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Av. Marechal Campos, 1468, 26 Maruípe, Vitoria, ES, 29043-900, Brazil
| | - Karoline Alves Rossi
- Physiological Sciences Post-Graduation Program, CCS/UFES, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Av. Marechal Campos, 1468, 26 Maruípe, Vitoria, ES, 29043-900, Brazil
| | - Ingridy Reinholz Grafites Schereider
- Physiological Sciences Post-Graduation Program, CCS/UFES, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Av. Marechal Campos, 1468, 26 Maruípe, Vitoria, ES, 29043-900, Brazil
| | - Camilla Lóren da Silva Nascimento
- Physiological Sciences Post-Graduation Program, CCS/UFES, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Av. Marechal Campos, 1468, 26 Maruípe, Vitoria, ES, 29043-900, Brazil
| | - Renata Andrade Ávila
- Physiological Sciences Post-Graduation Program, CCS/UFES, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Av. Marechal Campos, 1468, 26 Maruípe, Vitoria, ES, 29043-900, Brazil
| | - Alessandra Simão Padilha
- Physiological Sciences Post-Graduation Program, CCS/UFES, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Av. Marechal Campos, 1468, 26 Maruípe, Vitoria, ES, 29043-900, Brazil.
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Xiong S, Zhu W, Wu L, Zhou T, Wang W, Zhang O, Xiong X, Liu Z, Luo D. Circadian pattern subtyping unveiling distinct immune landscapes in breast cancer patients for better immunotherapy. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2023; 72:3293-3307. [PMID: 37462763 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-023-03495-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND While epidemiological studies have established a firm link between circadian disruption and tumorigenesis, the role and mechanism are not fully understood, complicating the design of therapeutic targets related to circadian rhythms (CR). Here, we aimed to explore the intertumoral heterogeneity of CR and elucidate its impact on the tumor microenvironment (TME), drug sensitivity, and immunotherapy. METHODS Based on unsupervised clustering of 28 CR genes, two distinct CR subtypes (cluster-A and cluster-B) were identified in the TCGA cohort. We further constructed a circadian rhythm signature (CRS) based on the CR genes primarily responsible for clustering to quantify CR activity and to distinguish CR subtypes of individual patients from external datasets. CR subtypes were evaluated by TME characteristics, functional annotation, clinical features, and therapeutic response. RESULTS The cluster-B (low-CRS) group was characterized by highly enriched immune-related pathways, high immune cell infiltration, and high anti-tumor immunity, while the cluster-A (high-CRS) group was associated with immunosuppression, synaptic transmission pathways, EMT activation, poor prognosis, and drug resistance. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) results demonstrated that high CD8+ T cell infiltration was associated with low-CR-protein expression. Importantly, patients with low CRS were more likely to benefit from immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) treatment, possibly due to their higher tumor mutation burden (TMB), increased immune checkpoint expression, and higher proportion of "hot" immunophenotype. CONCLUSION In a nutshell, the cross talk in CR could reflect the TME immunoreactivity in breast cancer. Besides providing the first comprehensive pathway-level analysis of CR in breast cancer, this work highlights the potential clinical utility of CR for immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siqi Xiong
- School of Medicine, Queen Mary Institute, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Wenqiang Zhu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Liqing Wu
- Department of Pathology, First Hospital of Nanchang City, Nanchang, 330008, Jiangxi, China
| | - Tianmin Zhou
- Pathology Department, Infectious Diseases Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Wu Wang
- Pathology Department, Infectious Diseases Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Ouyang Zhang
- The First Clinical Department, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Xiaoliang Xiong
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Zhuoqi Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China.
| | - Daya Luo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China.
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Arteaga-Silva M, Limón-Morales O, Bonilla-Jaime H, Vigueras-Villaseñor RM, Rojas-Castañeda J, Hernández-Rodríguez J, Montes S, Hernández-González M, Ríos C. Effects of postnatal exposure to cadmium on male sexual incentive motivation and copulatory behavior: Estrogen and androgen receptors expression in adult brain rat. Reprod Toxicol 2023; 120:108445. [PMID: 37482142 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2023.108445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
There are numerous evidence showing that cadmium (Cd) is an endocrine disruptor that exerts multiple toxic effects at different reproductive levels, including male sexual behavior (MSB). The effect of early exposure to Cd on sexual incentive motivation (SIM) and MSB in adult stage, and the immunoreactivity of receptors for hormones such as estrogens and androgens in brain regions that are relevant for the SIM and MSB display, have not been studied until now. The present study evaluated the effects of 0.5 and 1 mg/kg CdCl2 from day 1-56 of postnatal life on SIM and MSB in adults rats, as well as serum testosterone concentrations, Cd concentration in blood, testis, and brain areas, and the immunoreactivity in estrogen receptors (ER-α and -β), and androgen receptor (AR) in the olfactory bulbs (OB), medial preoptic area (mPOA), and medial amygdala (MeA). Our results showed that both doses of Cd decreased SIM and MSB, accompanied by low serum concentrations of testosterone. Also, there was a significant reduction in immunoreactivity of ER-α and AR in mPOA, and a significant reduction in AR in MeA on male rats treated with Cd 1 mg/kg. These results show that exposure to high doses of Cd in early postnatal life could alter the correct integration of hormonal signals in the brain areas that regulate and display SIM and MSB in adult male rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcela Arteaga-Silva
- Departamento de Biología de la Reproducción, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Av. Ferrocarril San Rafael Atlixco No. 186, Col. Leyes de Reforma 1ª, Sección, Alcaldía Iztapalapa, C.P. 09340, A.P. 55-535, Ciudad de México, México.
| | - Ofelia Limón-Morales
- Departamento de Biología de la Reproducción, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Av. Ferrocarril San Rafael Atlixco No. 186, Col. Leyes de Reforma 1ª, Sección, Alcaldía Iztapalapa, C.P. 09340, A.P. 55-535, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Herlinda Bonilla-Jaime
- Departamento de Biología de la Reproducción, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Av. Ferrocarril San Rafael Atlixco No. 186, Col. Leyes de Reforma 1ª, Sección, Alcaldía Iztapalapa, C.P. 09340, A.P. 55-535, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Rosa María Vigueras-Villaseñor
- Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Calzada México Xochimilco No. 101, Colonia San Lorenzo Huipulco, Tlalpan, CP 14370 Ciudad de México, México
| | - Julio Rojas-Castañeda
- Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Calzada México Xochimilco No. 101, Colonia San Lorenzo Huipulco, Tlalpan, CP 14370 Ciudad de México, México
| | - Joel Hernández-Rodríguez
- Cuerpo Académico de Investigación en Salud de la Licenciatura en Quiropráctica (CA-UNEVE-01), Universidad Estatal del Valle de Ecatepec, Estado de México 55210, México
| | - Sergio Montes
- Unidad Académica Multidisciplinaria Reynosa-Aztlán, Universidad Autónoma de Tamaulipas, Lago de Chapala y Calle 16, Aztlán, Reynosa 88740, México
| | - Marisela Hernández-González
- Instituto de Neurociencias, Centro Universitario de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad de Guadalajara, Francisco de Quevedo No. 180, Col. Arcos Vallarta, 44130 Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
| | - Camilo Ríos
- Dirección de Investigación, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación, Secretaría de Salud, Ciudad de México 14389, México
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Tokuyama-Toda R, Umeki H, Okubo M, Terada-Ito C, Yudo T, Ide S, Tadokoro S, Shimozuma M, Satomura K. The Preventive Effect of Melatonin on Radiation-Induced Oral Mucositis. Cells 2023; 12:2178. [PMID: 37681910 PMCID: PMC10487273 DOI: 10.3390/cells12172178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Melatonin exerts various physiological effects through melatonin receptors and their ability to scavenge free radicals. Radiotherapy is a common treatment for head and neck tumors, but stomatitis, a side effect affecting irradiated oral mucosa, can impact treatment outcomes. This study investigated the preventive effect of melatonin, a potent free radical scavenger, on radiation-induced oral mucositis. Mice were irradiated with 15 Gy of X-ray radiation to the head and neck, and the oral mucosa was histologically compared between a melatonin-administered group and a control group. The results showed that radiation-induced oral mucositis was suppressed in mice administered melatonin before and after irradiation. It was suggested that the mechanism involved the inhibition of apoptosis and the inhibition of DNA damage. From these findings, we confirmed that melatonin has a protective effect against radiation-induced oral mucositis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reiko Tokuyama-Toda
- Department of Oral Medicine and Stomatology, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, 2-1-3, Tsurumi, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama City 230-8501, Japan; (H.U.); (M.O.); (C.T.-I.); (T.Y.); (S.I.); (S.T.); (M.S.); (K.S.)
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Kateryna T, Monika L, Beata J, Joanna R, Edyta R, Marcin B, Agnieszka KW, Ewa J. Cadmium and breast cancer – current state and research gaps in the underlying mechanisms. Toxicol Lett 2022; 361:29-42. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2022.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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Cyst Reduction by Melatonin in a Novel Drosophila Model of Polycystic Kidney Disease. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25225477. [PMID: 33238462 PMCID: PMC7700119 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25225477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Revised: 11/15/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) causes progressive cystic degeneration of the renal tubules, the nephrons, eventually severely compromising kidney function. ADPKD is incurable, with half of the patients eventually needing renal replacement. Treatments for ADPKD patients are limited and new effective therapeutics are needed. Melatonin, a central metabolic regulator conserved across all life kingdoms, exhibits oncostatic and oncoprotective activity and no detected toxicity. Here, we used the Bicaudal C (BicC) Drosophila model of polycystic kidney disease to test the cyst-reducing potential of melatonin. Significant cyst reduction was found in the renal (Malpighian) tubules upon melatonin administration and suggest mechanistic sophistication. Similar to vertebrate PKD, the BicC fly PKD model responds to the antiproliferative drugs rapamycin and mimics of the second mitochondria-derived activator of caspases (Smac). Melatonin appears to be a new cyst-reducing molecule with attractive properties as a potential candidate for PKD treatment.
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Kasi R, Yeo PL, Yen NK, Koh RY, Ponnudurai G, Tiong YL, Chye SM. Melatonin Induces Apoptosis and Inhibits the Proliferation of Cancer Cells via Reactive Oxygen Species-mediated MAPK and mTOR Pathways. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020. [DOI: 10.2174/2212697x06666191116151114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Background:
Recent human and animal studies have demonstrated the oncostatic properties
of N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine (melatonin) in different types of cancer. However, in few cancer
cell lines including colorectal cancer cell line (HT-29), acute T cell leukemia cell line (JURKAT)
and cervical cancer cell line (HeLa), precise oncostatic mechanism induced by melatonin is yet to be
described.
Objectives:
The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of melatonin in HT-29, JURKAT and
HeLa cells and to determine the underlying molecular mechanism.
Methods:
Cell viability was determined by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide
(MTT) assay while cell cycle, apoptosis and membrane potential were analysed by flow cytometry.
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) was detected by 2',7'.dichlorofluorescein diacetate(DCFH-DA)
staining. Protein expressions were determined by Western blot.
Results:
Our results showed that melatonin suppressed cell proliferation, increased the number of sub
G1 hypodiploid cells and cell cycle arrest in HT-29, JURKAT and HeLa cells. Besides, melatonin also
induced early and late apoptosis, although there were marked variations in responses between different
cell lines (sensitivity; HeLa > HT-29 >JURKAT). Apart from that, staining with DCHF-DA
demonstrated ROS production that was induced in a dose-dependent manner in HeLa, HT-29 and
JURKAT cells. Moreover, the apoptotic process and oncostatic effect of melatonin were seen to be
associated with extracellular-signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and stress-activated protein kinase/c-Jun
NH (2)-terminal kinase (SAPK-JNK) signalling cascades in HeLa cells. In HT-29 and JURKAT cells,
melatonin induced apoptosis via activation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases (p38), ERK and
SAPK-JNK signalling pathways. In all three cell lines, the apoptotic event was triggered by the
mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR)-mediated activation of the downstream target rapamycininsensitive
companion of mTOR (RICTOR) and/or regulatory-associated protein of mTOR (RAPTOR)
proteins.
Conclusions:
Our findings confirm that melatonin induces apoptosis through reactive oxygen speciesmediated
dysregulated mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and mTOR signalling pathways in
these cancer cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reena Kasi
- School of Postgraduate, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia
| | - Pei Ling Yeo
- School of Postgraduate, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia
| | - Ng. Khuen Yen
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Selangor 47500, Malaysia
| | - Rhun Yian Koh
- School of Health Sciences, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia
| | | | - Yee Lian Tiong
- School of Postgraduate, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia
| | - Soi Moi Chye
- School of Health Sciences, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia
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12
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Vanlaeys A, Fouquet G, Kischel P, Hague F, Pasco-Brassart S, Lefebvre T, Rybarczyk P, Dhennin-Duthille I, Brassart B, Ouadid-Ahidouch H, Gautier M. Cadmium exposure enhances cell migration and invasion through modulated TRPM7 channel expression. Arch Toxicol 2020; 94:735-747. [PMID: 32080757 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-020-02674-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Cadmium is a xenobiotic involved in neoplastic transformation. Cadmium enters the cells through divalent cation transporters including the Transient Receptor Potential Melastatin-related 7 (TRPM7) which is known to be involved in cancer cell fate. This work aimed to study the role of TRPM7 in neoplastic transformation induced by cadmium exposure in non-cancer epithelial cells. Non-cancer epithelial cells were chronically exposed to low-dose of cadmium. TRPM7 expression and function were studied by Western-Blot, Patch-Clamp and calcium and magnesium imaging. Finally, cell migration and invasion were studied by Boyden chamber assays. Chronic cadmium exposure induced TRPM7 overexpression and increased the membrane currents (P < 0.001). Cells exposed to cadmium had higher intracellular calcium and magnesium levels (P < 0.05). TRPM7 silencing restored calcium levels but strongly decreased intracellular magnesium concentration (P < 0.001). Moreover, cadmium exposure enhanced both cell migration and invasion, but TRPM7 silencing strongly decreased these features (P < 0.001). Furthermore, mammary epithelial cells exposed to cadmium became rounded and had less cell-to-cell junctions. Cadmium exposure decreased epithelial markers while the mesenchymal ones were increased. Importantly, TRPM7 silencing was able to reverse these phenotypic modifications (P < 0.05). To summarize, our data show that chronic cadmium exposure enhanced TRPM7 expression and activity in non-cancer epithelial cells. TRPM7 overexpression induced intracellular magnesium increase and stimulated cell migration and invasion. These neoplastic properties could be linked to a TRPM7-dependent epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition reprogramming in cell exposed to cadmium. These findings provide new insights into the regulation of cell fates by cadmium exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alison Vanlaeys
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire et Moléculaire - UR UPJV 4667, UFR Sciences, Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV), 80039, Amiens, France
| | - Grégory Fouquet
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire et Moléculaire - UR UPJV 4667, UFR Sciences, Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV), 80039, Amiens, France
| | - Philippe Kischel
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire et Moléculaire - UR UPJV 4667, UFR Sciences, Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV), 80039, Amiens, France
| | - Frédéric Hague
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire et Moléculaire - UR UPJV 4667, UFR Sciences, Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV), 80039, Amiens, France
| | - Sylvie Pasco-Brassart
- UMR CNRS 7369 Matrice Extracellulaire et Dynamique Cellulaire (MEDyC), Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne (URCA), 51095, Amiens, France
| | - Thibaut Lefebvre
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire et Moléculaire - UR UPJV 4667, UFR Sciences, Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV), 80039, Amiens, France
| | - Pierre Rybarczyk
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire et Moléculaire - UR UPJV 4667, UFR Sciences, Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV), 80039, Amiens, France
- Anatomie et Cytologie Pathologiques, CHU Amiens-Picardie, Amiens, France
| | - Isabelle Dhennin-Duthille
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire et Moléculaire - UR UPJV 4667, UFR Sciences, Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV), 80039, Amiens, France
| | - Bertrand Brassart
- UMR CNRS 7369 Matrice Extracellulaire et Dynamique Cellulaire (MEDyC), Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne (URCA), 51095, Amiens, France
| | - Halima Ouadid-Ahidouch
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire et Moléculaire - UR UPJV 4667, UFR Sciences, Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV), 80039, Amiens, France
| | - Mathieu Gautier
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire et Moléculaire - UR UPJV 4667, UFR Sciences, Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV), 80039, Amiens, France.
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13
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Bjørklund G, Rajib SA, Saffoon N, Pen JJ, Chirumbolo S. Insights on Melatonin as an Active Pharmacological Molecule in Cancer Prevention: What's New? Curr Med Chem 2019; 26:6304-6320. [PMID: 29714136 DOI: 10.2174/0929867325666180501094850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2018] [Revised: 04/10/2018] [Accepted: 04/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Along with playing an important role in circadian rhythm, melatonin is thought to play a significant role in preventing cells from damage, as well as in the inhibition of growth and in triggering apoptosis in malignant cells. Its relationship with circadian rhythms, energetic homeostasis, diet, and metabolism, is fundamental to achieve a better comprehension of how melatonin has been considered a chemopreventive molecule, though very few papers dealing with this issue. In this article, we tried to review the most recent evidence regarding the protective as well as the antitumoral mechanisms of melatonin, as related to diet and metabolic balance. From different studies, it was evident that an intracellular antioxidant defense mechanism is activated by upregulating an antioxidant gene battery in the presence of high-dose melatonin in malignant cells. Like other broad-spectrum antioxidant molecules, melatonin plays a vital role in killing tumor cells, preventing metastasis, and simultaneously keeping normal cells protected from oxidative stress and other types of tissue damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geir Bjørklund
- Council for Nutritional and Environmental Medicine, Mo i Rana, Norway
| | | | - Nadia Saffoon
- Department of Pharmacy and Forensic Science, Faculty of Life Science and Medicine, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Joeri J Pen
- Diabetes Clinic, Department of Internal Medicine, UZ Brussel, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium.,Department of Nutrition, UZ Brussel, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Salvatore Chirumbolo
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
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14
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Forte IM, Indovina P, Costa A, Iannuzzi CA, Costanzo L, Marfella A, Montagnaro S, Botti G, Bucci E, Giordano A. Blood screening for heavy metals and organic pollutants in cancer patients exposed to toxic waste in southern Italy: A pilot study. J Cell Physiol 2019; 235:5213-5222. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Iris Maria Forte
- Cell Biology and Biotherapy UnitIstituto Nazionale Tumori‐IRCCS‐Fondazione G. Pascale, I‐80131Napoli Italy
| | - Paola Indovina
- Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Center for Biotechnology, College of Science and TechnologyTemple UniversityPhiladelphia Pennsylvania PA 19122 USA
| | - Aurora Costa
- Cell Biology and Biotherapy UnitIstituto Nazionale Tumori‐IRCCS‐Fondazione G. Pascale, I‐80131Napoli Italy
| | | | - Luigi Costanzo
- ASL Napoli 2 Nord, Via Lupoli, FrattamaggioreNaples Italy
| | - Antonio Marfella
- SS Farmacologia clinica e Farmacoeconomia‐Istituto Nazionale Tumori‐IRCCS‐Fondazione G. Pascale, I‐80131Napoli Italy
| | - Serena Montagnaro
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal ProductionsUniversity of Naples “Federico II,”Napoli Italy
| | - Gerardo Botti
- Scientific DirectionIstituto Nazionale Tumori‐IRCCS‐Fondazione G. Pascale, I‐80131Napoli Italy
| | - Enrico Bucci
- Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Center for Biotechnology, College of Science and TechnologyTemple UniversityPhiladelphia Pennsylvania PA 19122 USA
| | - Antonio Giordano
- Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Center for Biotechnology, College of Science and TechnologyTemple UniversityPhiladelphia Pennsylvania PA 19122 USA
- Department of Medical BiotechnologiesUniversity of Siena Italy
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15
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Bhattacharya S, Patel KK, Dehari D, Agrawal AK, Singh S. Melatonin and its ubiquitous anticancer effects. Mol Cell Biochem 2019; 462:133-155. [DOI: 10.1007/s11010-019-03617-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 08/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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16
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Terry MB, Michels KB, Brody JG, Byrne C, Chen S, Jerry DJ, Malecki KMC, Martin MB, Miller RL, Neuhausen SL, Silk K, Trentham-Dietz A. Environmental exposures during windows of susceptibility for breast cancer: a framework for prevention research. Breast Cancer Res 2019; 21:96. [PMID: 31429809 PMCID: PMC6701090 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-019-1168-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The long time from exposure to potentially harmful chemicals until breast cancer occurrence poses challenges for designing etiologic studies and for implementing successful prevention programs. Growing evidence from animal and human studies indicates that distinct time periods of heightened susceptibility to endocrine disruptors exist throughout the life course. The influence of environmental chemicals on breast cancer risk may be greater during several windows of susceptibility (WOS) in a woman’s life, including prenatal development, puberty, pregnancy, and the menopausal transition. These time windows are considered as specific periods of susceptibility for breast cancer because significant structural and functional changes occur in the mammary gland, as well as alterations in the mammary micro-environment and hormone signaling that may influence risk. Breast cancer research focused on these breast cancer WOS will accelerate understanding of disease etiology and prevention. Main text Despite the plausible heightened mechanistic influences of environmental chemicals on breast cancer risk during time periods of change in the mammary gland’s structure and function, most human studies of environmental chemicals are not focused on specific WOS. This article reviews studies conducted over the past few decades that have specifically addressed the effect of environmental chemicals and metals on breast cancer risk during at least one of these WOS. In addition to summarizing the broader evidence-base specific to WOS, we include discussion of the NIH-funded Breast Cancer and the Environment Research Program (BCERP) which included population-based and basic science research focused on specific WOS to evaluate associations between breast cancer risk and particular classes of endocrine-disrupting chemicals—including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, perfluorinated compounds, polybrominated diphenyl ethers, and phenols—and metals. We outline ways in which ongoing transdisciplinary BCERP projects incorporate animal research and human epidemiologic studies in close partnership with community organizations and communication scientists to identify research priorities and effectively translate evidence-based findings to the public and policy makers. Conclusions An integrative model of breast cancer research is needed to determine the impact and mechanisms of action of endocrine disruptors at different WOS. By focusing on environmental chemical exposure during specific WOS, scientists and their community partners may identify when prevention efforts are likely to be most effective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary Beth Terry
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, 722 West 168th Street, Room 1611, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Karin B Michels
- Department of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, 650 Charles E. Young Drive South, CHS 71-254, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | | | - Celia Byrne
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Biostatistics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Road A-1039F, Bethesda, MD, 20814, USA
| | - Shiuan Chen
- Department of Cancer Biology, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, 1450 E. Duarte Road, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - D Joseph Jerry
- Pioneer Valley Life Sciences Institute and Department of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 661 North Pleasant St., Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
| | - Kristen M C Malecki
- Department of Population Health Sciences and the Carbone Cancer Center, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 610 Walnut St., WARF Room 605, Madison, WI, 53726, USA
| | - Mary Beth Martin
- Departments of Oncology and Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Georgetown University Medical Center, E411 New Research Building, Washington, DC, 20057, USA
| | - Rachel L Miller
- Departments of Medicine, Pediatrics, Environmental Health Sciences; Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, PH8E-101B, 630 W. 168th St, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Susan L Neuhausen
- Department of Population Sciences, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, 1450 E. Duarte Road, 1500 E. Duarte Road, Duarte, CA, 91010, USA
| | - Kami Silk
- Department of Communication, University of Delaware, 250 Pearson Hall, 125 Academy St, Newark, DE, 19716, USA
| | - Amy Trentham-Dietz
- Department of Population Health Sciences and Carbone Cancer Center, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 610 Walnut St., WARF Room 307, Madison, WI, 53726, USA.
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17
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18
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Cadmium Exposure and Risk of Breast Cancer by Histological and Tumor Receptor Subtype in White Caucasian Women: A Hospital-Based Case-Control Study. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20123029. [PMID: 31234310 PMCID: PMC6628557 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20123029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Revised: 06/17/2019] [Accepted: 06/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
As the majority of experimental studies suggest cadmium being metalloestrogen, we examined cadmium/breast cancer (BC) association by histological and tumor receptor subtype in 509 invasive BC patients and 1170 controls. Urinary cadmium was determined by atomic absorption spectrometry, and categorized using tertiles of its distribution in the controls: <0.18, 0.18–0.33, >0.33 kg × 10−9/kg × 10−3 creatinine. Relative to the lowest category of urinary cadmium adjusted odds ratio (OR) of ductal BC was 1.18 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.89–1.58) in the intermediate and 1.53 (95% CI: 1.15–2.04) in the highest category. There was a significant association for hormone receptor-positive ductal BC: ORs per category increase were 1.34 (95% CI: 1.14–1.59) for estrogen receptor-positive (ER+), 1.33 (95% CI: 1.09–1.61) for progesterone receptor-positive (PR+) and 1.35 (95% CI: 1.11–1.65) for ER+/PR+ BC. We found a significant association between cadmium and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative (HER2−) ductal BC. The strongest association with cadmium was for ER+/PR+/HER2− ductal BC. The associations between cadmium and lobular BC with hormone receptor-positive and HER2− were positive but insignificant. There was no evidence that the associations with cadmium differed for cancers with different tumor histology (p-heterogeneity > 0.05). This study provides evidence that urinary cadmium is associated with the risk of hormone receptor-positive and HER2− breast cancer independent of tumor histology.
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19
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Grioni S, Agnoli C, Krogh V, Pala V, Rinaldi S, Vinceti M, Contiero P, Vescovi L, Malavolti M, Sieri S. Dietary cadmium and risk of breast cancer subtypes defined by hormone receptor status: A prospective cohort study. Int J Cancer 2019; 144:2153-2160. [PMID: 30515770 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.32039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2018] [Revised: 10/23/2018] [Accepted: 11/21/2018] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Diet is the primary source of cadmium-a proven Group 1 human carcinogen-for non-smokers. Observational studies investigating the effect of cadmium from food sources on breast cancer risk have produced inconsistent results. We examined the association between dietary cadmium and risk of breast cancer defined by estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR) and HER2 status, in 8924 women recruited to a prospective study between 1987 and 1992. Dietary cadmium intake was estimated using a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire at baseline. During a median of 22 years of follow-up, 451 incident cases of breast cancer were identified through the Varese Cancer Registry. Multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for breast cancer and receptor-defined breast cancer subtypes were estimated for quintiles of dietary cadmium intake, adjusting for confounding factors. Mean dietary cadmium intake was 7.8 (standard deviation 1.4) μg/day. Women with highest quintile of cadmium intake had a greater risk of breast cancer (HR 1.54; 95% CI, 1.06-2.22; p trend = 0.028) than those with lowest quintile of intake. Women premenopausal at recruitment had HR = 1.73 (95% CI, 1.10-2.71, highest vs. lowest quintile); postmenopausal women had HR = 1.32 (95% CI, 1.05-1.66 for each standard deviation increase in cadmium). Cadmium-related risk of breast cancer did not vary with ER, PR or HER2 status (p-heterogeneity not significant). These findings support the hypothesis that dietary cadmium is a risk factor for breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Grioni
- Epidemiology and Prevention Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Claudia Agnoli
- Epidemiology and Prevention Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Vittorio Krogh
- Epidemiology and Prevention Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Valeria Pala
- Epidemiology and Prevention Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Sabina Rinaldi
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Marco Vinceti
- CREAGEN, Environmental, Genetic and Nutritional Epidemiology Research Center, Section of Public Health, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
- Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Paolo Contiero
- Environmental Epidemiology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Luciano Vescovi
- CREAGEN, Environmental, Genetic and Nutritional Epidemiology Research Center, Section of Public Health, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Marcella Malavolti
- CREAGEN, Environmental, Genetic and Nutritional Epidemiology Research Center, Section of Public Health, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Sabina Sieri
- Epidemiology and Prevention Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
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20
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Ataei N, Aghaei M, Panjehpour M. Cadmium induces progesterone receptor gene expression via activation of estrogen receptor in human ovarian cancer cells. Res Pharm Sci 2019; 13:493-499. [PMID: 30607147 PMCID: PMC6288990 DOI: 10.4103/1735-5362.245961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) as a metalloesterogen may have a role in development of ovarian cancer. One of the critical target genes of estrogens is progesterone receptors (PRs). There are controversial studies on association between Cd, PRs, and cell proliferation. This study investigates the effect of Cd on proliferation of ovarian cancer cell lines, PRA and PRB expression and their relationship. OVCAR3 and SKOV3 cells were treated with CdCl2 (1-100 nM) and cell proliferation was assayed using bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) method. The mechanism underlying the proliferative effect of Cd mediated by PRs was examined using cell transfection with PR- small interfering RNA (siRNA) and western blot analysis. Our results showed the involvement of PRs in Cd induced proliferation of ovarian cancer cells. Progesterone receptors are involved in proliferative effect of Cd. Moreover, Cd modified the expression of PRA and PRB and induced ovarian cancer cell proliferation through the change of PRA/PRB ratio. In conclusion, there is a mechanistic association between Cd effects on ovarian cancer cell proliferation, estrogen receptors and PRs expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Negar Ataei
- Department of Biochemistry and Bioinformatics Research Center, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, I.R. Iran
| | - Mahmoud Aghaei
- Department of Biochemistry and Bioinformatics Research Center, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, I.R. Iran
| | - Mojtaba Panjehpour
- Department of Biochemistry and Bioinformatics Research Center, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, I.R. Iran
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21
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Zheng R, Zhang Y, Fang C, Chen M, Hong F, Bo J. Joint effects of chronic exposure to environmentally relevant levels of nonylphenol and cadmium on the reproductive functions in male rockfish Sebastiscus marmoratus. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2019; 215:25-32. [PMID: 30315922 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2018.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2018] [Accepted: 09/12/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Nonylphenol (NP) and Cadmium (Cd) are two common contaminants that can be detected in aquatic environments. Nevertheless, the combined toxicity of NP and Cd at environmentally relevant concentrations in aquatic organisms has not been thoroughly characterized to date. In the present study, the interactions between NP and Cd on male Sebastiscus marmoratus were studied. After 21 days of exposure, the brain aromatase activity was observed to be significantly induced by 100 ng/L NP and 40 μg/L Cd, whereas all of the concentrations of co-treatment resulted in an increase in brain aromatase activity. Additionally, NP could also reduce plasma testosterone concentration, while NP, Cd and their mixture could induce plasma 17β-estradiol (E2) concentration and VTG concentration. The interactions between NP and Cd on the reproductive physiology were antagonism. Our results also support the notion of using these indicators as biomarkers for exposure to EDCs and further extend the boundary of biomonitoring to environmental levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronghui Zheng
- Third Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Xiamen, Fujian Province, PR China
| | - Yusheng Zhang
- Third Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Xiamen, Fujian Province, PR China
| | - Chao Fang
- Third Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Xiamen, Fujian Province, PR China
| | - Mengyun Chen
- Third Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Xiamen, Fujian Province, PR China
| | - Fukun Hong
- Third Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Xiamen, Fujian Province, PR China
| | - Jun Bo
- Third Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Xiamen, Fujian Province, PR China.
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22
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Farhood B, Goradel NH, Mortezaee K, Khanlarkhani N, Salehi E, Nashtaei MS, Mirtavoos-Mahyari H, Motevaseli E, Shabeeb D, Musa AE, Najafi M. Melatonin as an adjuvant in radiotherapy for radioprotection and radiosensitization. Clin Transl Oncol 2018; 21:268-279. [PMID: 30136132 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-018-1934-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2018] [Accepted: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
It is estimated that more than half of cancer patients undergo radiotherapy during the course of their treatment. Despite its beneficial therapeutic effects on tumor cells, exposure to high doses of ionizing radiation (IR) is associated with several side effects. Although improvements in radiotherapy techniques and instruments could reduce these side effects, there are still important concerns for cancer patients. For several years, scientists have been trying to modulate tumor and normal tissue responses to IR, leading to an increase in therapeutic ratio. So far, several types of radioprotectors and radiosensitizers have been investigated in experimental studies. However, high toxicity of chemical sensitizers or possible tumor protection by radioprotectors creates a doubt for their clinical applications. On the other hand, the protective effects of these radioprotectors or sensitizer effects of radiosensitizers may limit some type of cancers. Hence, the development of some radioprotectors without any protective effect on tumor cells or low toxic radiosensitizers can help improve therapeutic ratio with less side effects. Melatonin as a natural body hormone is a potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent that shows some anti-cancer properties. It is able to neutralize different types of free radicals produced by IR or pro-oxidant enzymes which are activated following exposure to IR and plays a key role in the protection of normal tissues. In addition, melatonin has shown the ability to inhibit long-term changes in inflammatory responses at different levels, thereby ameliorating late side effects of radiotherapy. Fortunately, in contrast to classic antioxidants, some in vitro studies have revealed that melatonin has a potent anti-tumor activity when used alongside irradiation. However, the mechanisms of its radiosensitive effect remain to be elucidated. Studies suggested that the activation of pro-apoptosis gene, such as p53, changes in the metabolism of tumor cells, suppression of DNA repair responses as well as changes in biosynthesis of estrogen in breast cancer cells are involved in this process. In this review, we describe the molecular mechanisms for radioprotection and radiosensitizer effects of melatonin. Furthermore, some other proposed mechanisms that may be involved are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Farhood
- Department of Medical Physics and Radiology, Faculty of Paramedical Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - N H Goradel
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - K Mortezaee
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran.
| | - N Khanlarkhani
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - E Salehi
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - M S Nashtaei
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Infertility Department, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - H Mirtavoos-Mahyari
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - E Motevaseli
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - D Shabeeb
- Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, International Campus, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Misan, Amarah, Iraq
| | - A E Musa
- Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, International Campus, Tehran, Iran.,Research Center for Molecular and Cellular Imaging, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - M Najafi
- Radiology and Nuclear Medicine Department, School of Paramedical Sciences, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
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23
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Wang H, Pu Y, Luo L, Li Y, Zhang Y, Cao Z. Membrane receptor-independent inhibitory effect of melatonin on androgen production in porcine theca cells. Theriogenology 2018; 118:63-71. [PMID: 29885642 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2018.05.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2018] [Revised: 05/30/2018] [Accepted: 05/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Excessive secretion of androgens including androstenedione and testosterone in theca cells frequently causes female infertility in mammals. Melatonin is a potent inhibitor of androgen production in gonadal cells of several species in a membrane receptor-dependent manner. However, the function of melatonin in steroidogenesis of porcine theca cells remains unclear. Here we report that melatonin inhibits androgen biosynthesis independently of its membrane receptors in pigs. Using flow cytometry, immunofluorescence and RT-PCR we showed that the vast majority of cells isolated from the theca layer of antral follicles are indeed theca cells. Furthermore, we demonstrated that of the two of melatonin membrane receptors encoded in the porcine genome, theca cells exclusively express melatonin receptor 1B. Cell counting analysis indicated that different concentrations of melatonin did not alter the normal viability and proliferation of theca cells. Additionally, hormone radioimmunoassay and qPCR respectively showed that a high concentration of melatonin significantly repressed both androgen production and expression of steroidogenic genes involving StAR, CYP11A1, HSD3β and SET (P < 0.05), but did not impair progesterone production. Interestingly, these effects were not reversed by N-acetyl-2-benzyltryptamin, a melatonin membrane receptor antagonist. Overall, these results demonstrate that melatonin inhibits androgen production in porcine theca cells independently of its membrane receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng Wang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Local Livestock and Poultry, Genetical Resource Conservation and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Yong Pu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Local Livestock and Poultry, Genetical Resource Conservation and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Lei Luo
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Local Livestock and Poultry, Genetical Resource Conservation and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Yunsheng Li
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Local Livestock and Poultry, Genetical Resource Conservation and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Yunhai Zhang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Local Livestock and Poultry, Genetical Resource Conservation and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Zubing Cao
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Local Livestock and Poultry, Genetical Resource Conservation and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China.
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24
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Li Y, Li S, Zhou Y, Meng X, Zhang JJ, Xu DP, Li HB. Melatonin for the prevention and treatment of cancer. Oncotarget 2018; 8:39896-39921. [PMID: 28415828 PMCID: PMC5503661 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.16379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 230] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2017] [Accepted: 03/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The epidemiological studies have indicated a possible oncostatic property of melatonin on different types of tumors. Besides, experimental studies have documented that melatonin could exert growth inhibition on some human tumor cells in vitro and in animal models. The underlying mechanisms include antioxidant activity, modulation of melatonin receptors MT1 and MT2, stimulation of apoptosis, regulation of pro-survival signaling and tumor metabolism, inhibition on angiogenesis, metastasis, and induction of epigenetic alteration. Melatonin could also be utilized as adjuvant of cancer therapies, through reinforcing the therapeutic effects and reducing the side effects of chemotherapies or radiation. Melatonin could be an excellent candidate for the prevention and treatment of several cancers, such as breast cancer, prostate cancer, gastric cancer and colorectal cancer. This review summarized the anticancer efficacy of melatonin, based on the results of epidemiological,experimental and clinical studies, and special attention was paid to the mechanisms of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Sha Li
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yue Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao Meng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiao-Jiao Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dong-Ping Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hua-Bin Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.,South China Sea Bioresource Exploitation and Utilization Collaborative Innovation Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
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25
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González-González A, Mediavilla MD, Sánchez-Barceló EJ. Melatonin: A Molecule for Reducing Breast Cancer Risk. Molecules 2018; 23:E336. [PMID: 29415446 PMCID: PMC6017232 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23020336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2018] [Revised: 01/31/2018] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of this article is to review the basis supporting the usefulness of melatonin as an adjuvant therapy for breast cancer (BC) prevention in several groups of individuals at high risk for this disease. Melatonin, as a result of its antiestrogenic and antioxidant properties, as well as its ability to improve the efficacy and reduce the side effects of conventional antiestrogens, could safely be associated with the antiestrogenic drugs presently in use. In individuals at risk of BC due to night shift work, the light-induced inhibition of melatonin secretion, with the consequent loss of its antiestrogenic effects, would be countered by administering this neurohormone. BC risk from exposure to metalloestrogens, such as cadmium, could be treated with melatonin supplements to individuals at risk of BC due to exposure to this xenoestrogen. The BC risk related to obesity may be reduced by melatonin which decrease body fat mass, inhibits the enhanced aromatase expression in obese women, increases adiponectin secretion, counteracts the oncogenic effects of elevated concentrations of leptin; and decreases blood glucose levels and insulin resistance. Despite compelling experimental evidence of melatonin's oncostatic actions being susceptible to lowering BC risk, there is still a paucity of clinical trials focused on this subject.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicia González-González
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicina, University of Cantabria, 39011 Santander, Spain.
| | - María Dolores Mediavilla
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicina, University of Cantabria, 39011 Santander, Spain.
| | - Emilio J Sánchez-Barceló
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicina, University of Cantabria, 39011 Santander, Spain.
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26
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Ataei N, Aghaei M, Panjehpour M. The protective role of melatonin in cadmium-induced proliferation of ovarian cancer cells. Res Pharm Sci 2018; 13:159-167. [PMID: 29606970 PMCID: PMC5842487 DOI: 10.4103/1735-5362.223801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd), a ubiquitous environmental and occupational pollutant, acts as a metalloestrogen to induce cell proliferation. It is suggested that Cd may also contribute to the development of estrogen-related cancers like ovarian cancer which is the most lethal cancer in women. Furthermore, it was shown that melatonin has antiproliferative effect on estradiol (E2)-induced proliferation. The aim of the present study was to evaluate whether melatonin inhibits Cd-induced proliferation in ovarian cancer cell lines and also whether Cd and melatonin can modulate estrogen receptor α (ERα) expression. OVCAR3 and SKOV3 human ovarian cancer cell lines were treated with CdCl2 (1-100 nM) and melatonin (1 μM) for 48 h. Cell proliferation evaluation was carried out by bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) incorporation assay. ERα expression was detected by western blotting method 24 h after cell treatment. The results were demonstrated that Cd increased proliferation of ovarian cancer cell lines in a dose dependent manner. Melatonin inhibited Cd-induced proliferation of OVCAR3 and SKOV3 cell lines. Moreover, CdCl2 significantly increased ERα expression in both OVCAR3 and SKOV3 cell lines compared to control. Melatonin significantly inhibited Cd inducing effect on ERα expression of OVCAR3 and SKOV3 cell. In conclusion, due to the proliferative effect on ovarian cancer cell lines, Cd could play an important role in the etiology of ovarian cancer by inducing cells ERα expression. Furthermore, melatonin has the protective role on Cd-induced cell proliferation by inhibition of ERα expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Negar Ataei
- Department of Biochemistry and Bioinformatics Research Center, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, I.R. Iran
| | - Mahmoud Aghaei
- Department of Biochemistry and Bioinformatics Research Center, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, I.R. Iran
| | - Mojtaba Panjehpour
- Department of Biochemistry and Bioinformatics Research Center, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, I.R. Iran
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27
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Parodi DA, Greenfield M, Evans C, Chichura A, Alpaugh A, Williams J, Cyrus KC, Martin MB. Alteration of Mammary Gland Development and Gene Expression by In Utero Exposure to Cadmium. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:E1939. [PMID: 28891935 PMCID: PMC5618588 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18091939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2017] [Revised: 09/01/2017] [Accepted: 09/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Environmental exposure to estrogens and estrogen like contaminants during early development is thought to contribute to the risk of developing breast cancer primarily due to an early onset of puberty; however, exposure during key developing windows may also influence the risk of developing the disease. The goal of this study was to ask whether in utero exposure to the metalloestrogen cadmium alters mammary gland development due to acceleration of puberty onset or to an effect on early development of the mammary gland. The results show that, in addition to advancing the onset of puberty, in utero exposure to the metalloestrogen cadmium altered mammary gland development prior to its effect on puberty onset. In utero exposure resulted in an expansion of the number of mammosphere-forming cells in the neonatal mammary gland and an increase in branching, epithelial cells, and density in the prepubertal mammary gland. In the postpubertal mammary gland, there was a further expansion of the mammary stem/progenitor cell population and overexpression of estrogen receptor-alpha (ERα) that was due to the overexpression and altered regulation of the ERα transcripts derived from exons O and OT in response to estradiol. These results suggest that in utero exposure to cadmium increases stem/progenitor cells, cell density, and expression of estrogen receptor-alpha that may contribute to the risk of developing breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela A Parodi
- Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular & Cellular Biology, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20007, USA.
| | - Morgan Greenfield
- Department of Oncology, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20007, USA.
| | - Claire Evans
- Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular & Cellular Biology, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20007, USA.
| | - Anna Chichura
- Department of Oncology, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20007, USA.
| | - Alexandra Alpaugh
- Department of Oncology, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20007, USA.
| | - James Williams
- Department of Oncology, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20007, USA.
| | - Kedra C Cyrus
- Department of Oncology, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20007, USA.
| | - Mary Beth Martin
- Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular & Cellular Biology, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20007, USA.
- Department of Oncology, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20007, USA.
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Research Building, 3970 Reservoir Road NW, Washington, DC 20007, USA.
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28
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Zhu P, Liao LY, Zhao TT, Mo XM, Chen GG, Liu ZM. GPER/ERK&AKT/NF-κB pathway is involved in cadmium-induced proliferation, invasion and migration of GPER-positive thyroid cancer cells. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2017; 442:68-80. [PMID: 27940299 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2016.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2016] [Revised: 12/07/2016] [Accepted: 12/08/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The higher incidence of thyroid cancer in women during reproductive years compared with men and the increased risk associated with the therapeutic use of estrogen have strongly suggested that estrogen may be involved in the occurrence and development of thyroid cancer. Cadmium (Cd) is a potent metalloestrogen that disrupts the endocrine system by mimicking the effects of 17β-estradiol (E2). In the present study, we demonstrate that similar to E2 and G1, a specific agonist for G protein-coupled estrogen receptor (GPER), Cd induces the proliferation, invasion and migration of human WRO and FRO thyroid cancer cells that have endogenous GPER. Moreover, like E2 and G1, Cd leads to a rapid activation of ERK/AKT, and then nuclear translocation of NF-κB, increased expression of cyclin A and D1, and secretion of IL-8, all of which are significantly attenuated by GPER blockage or knock-down in both WRO and FRO cells. Furthermore, the Cd-induced proliferation, invasion and migration are suppressed either by specific inhibitors for GPER, ERK, AKT and NF-κB, or by knock-down of GPER. These results suggest that GPER/ERK&AKT/NF-κB signaling pathway is involved in the Cd-induced proliferation, invasion and migration of GPER-positive thyroid cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Zhu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ling-Yao Liao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ting-Ting Zhao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiao-Mei Mo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - George G Chen
- Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong, China
| | - Zhi-Min Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Molecular Medicine and Cancer Research Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
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29
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Eriksen KT, McElroy JA, Harrington JM, Levine KE, Pedersen C, Sørensen M, Tjønneland A, Meliker JR, Raaschou-Nielsen O. Urinary Cadmium and Breast Cancer: A Prospective Danish Cohort Study. J Natl Cancer Inst 2016; 109:djw204. [DOI: 10.1093/jnci/djw204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2015] [Accepted: 08/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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30
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Sanchez-Barcelo EJ, Mediavilla MD, Vriend J, Reiter RJ. Constitutive photomorphogenesis protein 1 (COP1) and COP9 signalosome, evolutionarily conserved photomorphogenic proteins as possible targets of melatonin. J Pineal Res 2016; 61:41-51. [PMID: 27121162 DOI: 10.1111/jpi.12340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2016] [Accepted: 04/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The ubiquitin proteasome system has been proposed as a possible mechanism involved in the multiple actions of melatonin. COP1 (constitutive photomorphogenesis protein 1), a RING finger-type ubiquitin E3 ligase formerly identified in Arabidopsis, is a central switch for the transition from plant growth underground in darkness (etiolation) to growth under light exposure (photomorphogenesis). In darkness, COP1 binds to photomorphogenic transcription factors driving its degradation via the 26S proteasome; blue light, detected by cryptochromes, and red and far-red light detected by phytochromes, negatively regulate COP1. Homologues of plant COP1 containing all the structural features present in Arabidopsis as well as E3 ubiquitin ligase activity have been identified in mice and humans. Substrates for mammalian (m) COP1 include p53, AP-1 and c-Jun, p27(Kip1) , ETV1, MVP, 14-3-3σ, C/EBPα, MTA1, PEA3, ACC, TORC2 and FOXO1. This mCOP1 target suggests functions related to tumorigenesis, gluconeogenesis, and lipid metabolism. The role of mCOP1 in tumorigenesis (either as a tumor promoter or tumor suppressor), as well as in glucose metabolism (inhibition of gluconeogenesis) and lipid metabolism (inhibition of fatty acid synthesis), has been previously demonstrated. COP1, along with numerous other ubiquitin ligases, is regulated by the COP9 signalosome; this protein complex is associated with the oxidative stress sensor Keap1 and the deubiquitinase USP15. The objective of this review was to provide new information on the possible role of COP1 and COP9 as melatonin targets. The hypothesis is based on common functional aspects of melatonin and COP1 and COP9, including their dependence on light, regulation of the metabolism, and their control of tumor growth.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maria D Mediavilla
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Cantabria, Santander, Spain
| | - Jerry Vriend
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Russel J Reiter
- Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, UT Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
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31
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Kim YJ, Park MS, Lee E, Choi JW. High Incidence of Breast Cancer in Light-Polluted Areas with Spatial Effects in Korea. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2016; 17:361-7. [DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2016.17.1.361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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32
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Van Maele-Fabry G, Lombaert N, Lison D. Dietary exposure to cadmium and risk of breast cancer in postmenopausal women: A systematic review and meta-analysis. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2016; 86:1-13. [PMID: 26479829 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2015.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2015] [Revised: 10/05/2015] [Accepted: 10/05/2015] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND With tobacco smoking, diet is the main source of cadmium (Cd) exposure in the general population. The carcinogenic and estrogenic activities of Cd make it a contaminant of potential concern for hormone-dependent cancers including breast cancer. Postmenopausal women represent the most appropriate population to investigate the possible impact of exogenous factors with potential estrogenic activity on breast cancer as, after menopause, their estrogenic influence is predominant. OBJECTIVES We systematically reviewed available studies on the association between dietary exposure to Cd and breast cancer focusing on postmenopausal women. A meta-analysis combining the risk estimators was performed and potential sources of between studies heterogeneity were traced. METHODS Studies were searched from MEDLINE through 31 January 2015 and from the reference lists of relevant publications. Six eligible studies published between 2012 and 2014 were identified and relative risk estimates were extracted. Meta-rate ratio estimates (mRR) were calculated according to fixed and random-effect models. Meta-analyses were performed on the whole set of data and separate analyses were conducted after stratification for study design, geographic location, use of hormone replacement therapy (HRT), tumor estrogen receptor status (ER+ or ER-), progesterone receptor status (PGR+ or PGR-), body mass index (BMI), smoker status, zinc or iron intake. RESULTS No statistically significant increased risk of breast cancer was observed when all studies were combined (mRR=1.03; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.89-1.19). Several sources of heterogeneity and inconsistency were identified, including smoker status, HRT use, BMI, zinc and iron intake. Inconsistency was also strongly reduced when only considering ER-, PGR-, tumors subgroups from USA and from Japan. The risks were, however, not substantially modified after stratifications. No evidence of publication bias was found. CONCLUSION The present study does not provide support for the hypothesis that dietary exposure to Cd increases the risk of breast cancer in postmenopausal women. Misclassification in dietary Cd assessment in primary studies could have biased the results towards a finding of no association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geneviève Van Maele-Fabry
- Université catholique de Louvain, SSS/IREC/LTAP (Louvain Center for Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology), Avenue E. Mounier 53, bte B1.52.12, B-1200 Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Noömi Lombaert
- International Zinc/Cadmium Association, Avenue de Tervueren 168/Box 4, B-1150 Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Dominique Lison
- Université catholique de Louvain, SSS/IREC/LTAP (Louvain Center for Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology), Avenue E. Mounier 53, bte B1.52.12, B-1200 Brussels, Belgium.
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33
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Vriend J, Reiter RJ. Breast cancer cells: Modulation by melatonin and the ubiquitin-proteasome system--a review. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2015; 417:1-9. [PMID: 26363225 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2015.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2015] [Accepted: 09/01/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Melatonin inhibits human breast cancer cells stimulated with estrogen. This antiproliferative action depends on the presence of the estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) in the human MCF-7 cell line and is strictly dose-dependent. Since researchers concerned with melatonin and breast cancer have not considered the relevance of the ubiquitin-proteasome system to this research in this review we do so. The fact that the first breast cancer susceptibility gene to be identified, Brca1, functions as a ubiquitin ligase indicates that the ubiquitin-proteasome system has a role in regulating susceptibility to breast cancer. While mutations of this gene increase the incidence of breast cancer, the wild type gene suppresses estrogen-dependent transcriptional events relying on the estrogen receptor ERα. Three other ubiquitin ligases, SCF(Skp2), E6AP and APC, interact directly with ERα at the ERE and AP-1 promoters of ERα target genes. Melatonin, like proteasome inhibitors, decreases estrogen-induced gene transcription. Indeed, it has been reported that melatonin specifically inhibits estrogen-induced transcription mediated by ERα at the ERE and AP1 gene promoters. Herein, we present a model in which the inhibitory action of melatonin on MCF-7 cells is mediated, directly or indirectly, by the ubiquitin-proteasome system. In this model ERα, apoptotic proteins, and cell cycle proteins, all influenced by melatonin, are substrates of key ubiquitin ligases including SCF(Skp2), E6AP, and SCF(B-TrCP). Since dysfunction of the ubiquitin-proteasome system is a risk factor for breast cancer, this model provides a context in which to test the clinical potential, and limitations, of melatonin and proteasome inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerry Vriend
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada.
| | - Russel J Reiter
- Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, UT Health Science Center San Antonio, TX, USA
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34
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Guyot E, Solovyova Y, Tomkiewicz C, Leblanc A, Pierre S, El Balkhi S, Le Frère-Belda MA, Lecuru F, Poupon J, Barouki R, Aggerbeck M, Coumoul X. Determination of Heavy Metal Concentrations in Normal and Pathological Human Endometrial Biopsies and In Vitro Regulation of Gene Expression by Metals in the Ishikawa and Hec-1b Endometrial Cell Line. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0142590. [PMID: 26600472 PMCID: PMC4657954 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0142590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2015] [Accepted: 10/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
It is well known that several metals, such as lead, mercury, cadmium, and vanadium, can mimic the effects of estrogens (metallo-estrogens). Nevertheless, there are only a few studies that have assessed the effects of toxic metals on the female genital tract and, in particular, endometrial tissue. In this context, we measured the concentrations of several trace elements in human endometrial tissue samples from individuals with hyperplasia or adenocarcinoma and in normal tissues. Hyperplasic endometrial tissue has a 4-fold higher concentration of mercury than normal tissue. Mercury can affect both the AhR and ROS signaling pathways. Thus, we investigated the possible toxic effects of mercury by in vitro studies. We found that mercury increases oxidative stress (increased HO1 and NQO1 mRNA levels) and alters the cytoskeleton in the human endometrial Ishikawa cell line and to a lesser extent, in the "less-differentiated" human endometrial Hec-1b cells. The results might help to explain a potential link between this metal and the occurrence of endometrial hyperplasia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erwan Guyot
- INSERM UMR-S 1124, Toxicologie Pharmacologie et Signalisation Cellulaire, 45 rue des Saints Pères, 75006 Paris, France
- Université Paris Descartes, Paris Sorbonne Cité, Centre universitaire des Saints-Pères, 45 rue des Saints Pères, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Yevgeniya Solovyova
- INSERM UMR-S 1124, Toxicologie Pharmacologie et Signalisation Cellulaire, 45 rue des Saints Pères, 75006 Paris, France
- Université Paris Descartes, Paris Sorbonne Cité, Centre universitaire des Saints-Pères, 45 rue des Saints Pères, 75006 Paris, France
- Institute of Urgent and Recovery Surgery named after V.K. Gusak of the Ukrainian Academy of Medical Sciences, Donetsk; 47, avenue Leninsky, Donetsk- 83045, Ukraine
| | - Céline Tomkiewicz
- INSERM UMR-S 1124, Toxicologie Pharmacologie et Signalisation Cellulaire, 45 rue des Saints Pères, 75006 Paris, France
- Université Paris Descartes, Paris Sorbonne Cité, Centre universitaire des Saints-Pères, 45 rue des Saints Pères, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Alix Leblanc
- INSERM UMR-S 1124, Toxicologie Pharmacologie et Signalisation Cellulaire, 45 rue des Saints Pères, 75006 Paris, France
- Université Paris Descartes, Paris Sorbonne Cité, Centre universitaire des Saints-Pères, 45 rue des Saints Pères, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Stéphane Pierre
- INSERM UMR-S 1124, Toxicologie Pharmacologie et Signalisation Cellulaire, 45 rue des Saints Pères, 75006 Paris, France
- Université Paris Descartes, Paris Sorbonne Cité, Centre universitaire des Saints-Pères, 45 rue des Saints Pères, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Souleiman El Balkhi
- Laboratoire de toxicologie biologique, AP-HP, Hôpital Lariboisière, 2, rue Ambroise Paré, 75475 Paris, France
| | - Marie-Aude Le Frère-Belda
- INSERM UMR-S 1124, Toxicologie Pharmacologie et Signalisation Cellulaire, 45 rue des Saints Pères, 75006 Paris, France
- Service de chirurgie gynécologique et cancérologique, hôpital européen Georges-Pompidou, AP-HP, 20, rue Leblanc, 75015 Paris, France
- Université Paris Descartes, Paris Sorbonne Cité, Centre universitaire des Saints-Pères, 45 rue des Saints Pères, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Fabrice Lecuru
- INSERM UMR-S 1124, Toxicologie Pharmacologie et Signalisation Cellulaire, 45 rue des Saints Pères, 75006 Paris, France
- Service de chirurgie gynécologique et cancérologique, hôpital européen Georges-Pompidou, AP-HP, 20, rue Leblanc, 75015 Paris, France
- Université Paris Descartes, Paris Sorbonne Cité, Centre universitaire des Saints-Pères, 45 rue des Saints Pères, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Joël Poupon
- Laboratoire de toxicologie biologique, AP-HP, Hôpital Lariboisière, 2, rue Ambroise Paré, 75475 Paris, France
| | - Robert Barouki
- INSERM UMR-S 1124, Toxicologie Pharmacologie et Signalisation Cellulaire, 45 rue des Saints Pères, 75006 Paris, France
- Université Paris Descartes, Paris Sorbonne Cité, Centre universitaire des Saints-Pères, 45 rue des Saints Pères, 75006 Paris, France
- AP-HP, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, service de biochimie métabolique, 149, rue de Sèvres, 75743 Paris, France
| | - Martine Aggerbeck
- INSERM UMR-S 1124, Toxicologie Pharmacologie et Signalisation Cellulaire, 45 rue des Saints Pères, 75006 Paris, France
- Université Paris Descartes, Paris Sorbonne Cité, Centre universitaire des Saints-Pères, 45 rue des Saints Pères, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Xavier Coumoul
- INSERM UMR-S 1124, Toxicologie Pharmacologie et Signalisation Cellulaire, 45 rue des Saints Pères, 75006 Paris, France
- Université Paris Descartes, Paris Sorbonne Cité, Centre universitaire des Saints-Pères, 45 rue des Saints Pères, 75006 Paris, France
- * E-mail:
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Kim YJ, Lee E, Lee HS, Kim M, Park MS. High prevalence of breast cancer in light polluted areas in urban and rural regions of South Korea: An ecologic study on the treatment prevalence of female cancers based on National Health Insurance data. Chronobiol Int 2015; 32:657-67. [DOI: 10.3109/07420528.2015.1032413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Melatonin inhibits embryonic salivary gland branching morphogenesis by regulating both epithelial cell adhesion and morphology. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0119960. [PMID: 25876057 PMCID: PMC4398443 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0119960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2014] [Accepted: 01/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Many organs, including salivary glands, lung, and kidney, are formed by epithelial branching during embryonic development. Branching morphogenesis occurs via either local outgrowths or the formation of clefts that subdivide epithelia into buds. This process is promoted by various factors, but the mechanism of branching morphogenesis is not fully understood. Here we have defined melatonin as a potential negative regulator or "brake" of branching morphogenesis, shown that the levels of it and its receptors decline when branching morphogenesis begins, and identified the process that it regulates. Melatonin has various physiological functions, including circadian rhythm regulation, free-radical scavenging, and gonadal development. Furthermore, melatonin is present in saliva and may have an important physiological role in the oral cavity. In this study, we found that the melatonin receptor is highly expressed on the acinar epithelium of the embryonic submandibular gland. We also found that exogenous melatonin reduces salivary gland size and inhibits branching morphogenesis. We suggest that this inhibition does not depend on changes in either proliferation or apoptosis, but rather relates to changes in epithelial cell adhesion and morphology. In summary, we have demonstrated a novel function of melatonin in organ formation during embryonic development.
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Eriksen KT, Halkjær J, Meliker JR, McElroy JA, Sørensen M, Tjønneland A, Raaschou-Nielsen O. Dietary cadmium intake and risk of prostate cancer: a Danish prospective cohort study. BMC Cancer 2015. [PMID: 25884961 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-105-1153-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cadmium is classified as a human lung carcinogen based on evidence from high-exposure occupational settings. Though cadmium has no physiological role, increasing evidence suggests cadmium may mimic steroid hormones. This dual ability of being carcinogenic and hormone-like makes cadmium a concern for hormone-related cancers. Causes of prostate cancer are not clear, but steroid hormones, particularly androgens and probably estrogens, may be involved. Cadmium has been positively associated with prostate cancer in occupationally exposed men. In non-occupationally exposed populations, diet and smoking are the main sources of cadmium exposure. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between dietary cadmium intake and prostate cancer risk in Danish men. METHODS Dietary cadmium intake was estimated in the Danish Diet, Cancer and Health cohort at baseline 1993-97. The estimates were based on a 192 item semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire and cadmium contents in all food items. Among 26,778 men we identified 1,567 prostate cancer cases from baseline through December 31, 2010 using the Danish Cancer Registry. The association between dietary cadmium intake and prostate cancer risk was analysed using Cox regression models. RESULTS We did not find an association between dietary cadmium intake and prostate cancer risk (adjusted incidence rate ratio per 10 μg day(-1) = 0.98 (95% CI = 0.88-1.10)). The association did not differ according to aggressiveness of prostate cancer. Educational level, smoking status, BMI, zinc or iron intake did not modify the association. CONCLUSIONS In our study, we did not find an association between dietary cadmium intake and prostate cancer risk in a cohort of Danish men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirsten T Eriksen
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Danish Cancer Society, Strandboulevarden 49, DK, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Jytte Halkjær
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Danish Cancer Society, Strandboulevarden 49, DK, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Jaymie R Meliker
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Graduate Program in Public Health, Stony Brook University, New York, USA.
| | - Jane A McElroy
- Family and Community Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA.
| | - Mette Sørensen
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Danish Cancer Society, Strandboulevarden 49, DK, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Anne Tjønneland
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Danish Cancer Society, Strandboulevarden 49, DK, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Ole Raaschou-Nielsen
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Danish Cancer Society, Strandboulevarden 49, DK, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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Dietary cadmium intake and risk of prostate cancer: a Danish prospective cohort study. BMC Cancer 2015; 15:177. [PMID: 25884961 PMCID: PMC4397739 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-015-1153-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2014] [Accepted: 03/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cadmium is classified as a human lung carcinogen based on evidence from high-exposure occupational settings. Though cadmium has no physiological role, increasing evidence suggests cadmium may mimic steroid hormones. This dual ability of being carcinogenic and hormone-like makes cadmium a concern for hormone-related cancers. Causes of prostate cancer are not clear, but steroid hormones, particularly androgens and probably estrogens, may be involved. Cadmium has been positively associated with prostate cancer in occupationally exposed men. In non-occupationally exposed populations, diet and smoking are the main sources of cadmium exposure. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between dietary cadmium intake and prostate cancer risk in Danish men. METHODS Dietary cadmium intake was estimated in the Danish Diet, Cancer and Health cohort at baseline 1993-97. The estimates were based on a 192 item semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire and cadmium contents in all food items. Among 26,778 men we identified 1,567 prostate cancer cases from baseline through December 31, 2010 using the Danish Cancer Registry. The association between dietary cadmium intake and prostate cancer risk was analysed using Cox regression models. RESULTS We did not find an association between dietary cadmium intake and prostate cancer risk (adjusted incidence rate ratio per 10 μg day(-1) = 0.98 (95% CI = 0.88-1.10)). The association did not differ according to aggressiveness of prostate cancer. Educational level, smoking status, BMI, zinc or iron intake did not modify the association. CONCLUSIONS In our study, we did not find an association between dietary cadmium intake and prostate cancer risk in a cohort of Danish men.
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Knazicka Z, Forgacs Z, Lukacova J, Roychoudhury S, Massanyi P, Lukac N. Endocrine disruptive effects of cadmium on steroidogenesis: human adrenocortical carcinoma cell line NCI-H295R as a cellular model for reproductive toxicity testing. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART A, TOXIC/HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES & ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING 2015; 50:348-56. [PMID: 25723060 DOI: 10.1080/10934529.2015.987520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a known endocrine disruptor with the ability to affect the production of hormones involved in the regulation of reproductive processes. In this study human adrenocortical carcinoma cell line NCI-H295R was used as an in vitro biological model to study the effect of cadmium (CdCl2) on steroidogenesis. The cell cultures were exposed to different concentrations of CdCl2 (1.90, 3.90, 7.80, 15.60, 31.20 and 62.50 μM) and compared to control (medium without CdCl2). Cell viability was measured by the metabolic activity (MTT) assay for estimation of mitochondria structural integrity. Quantification of sexual steroid production directly from aliquots of the medium was performed by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Following 48 h culture of the cells in the presence of CdCl2 a concentration-dependent depletion in progesterone production was observed at the lower concentrations of CdCl2. The lowest amount of progesterone was significantly detected in groups with the higher doses (≥ 31.20 μM) of CdCl2, which elicited significant (P < 0.01) cytotoxic action, too. Cadmium decreased testosterone release in the whole applied range even at the lower concentration of CdCl2. The release of 17β-estradiol decreased as well, but the decline was less pronounced compared to decrease of progesterone and testosterone. The cytotoxic effect was significantly (P < 0.01) detected at all concentrations of CdCl2 (1.90-62.50 μM) used in the study. However, the cell viability remained relatively high (>75%) up to 7.80 μM of CdCl2 and significantly (P < 0.01) decreased at 15.60 μM and higher concentrations of CdCl2. These results suggest that cadmium has endocrine disruptive effects on sexual steroid synthesis even at very low concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuzana Knazicka
- a Department of Animal Physiology , Slovak University of Agriculture , Nitra , Slovak Republic
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To SQ, Knower KC, Cheung V, Simpson ER, Clyne CD. Transcriptional control of local estrogen formation by aromatase in the breast. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2015; 145:179-86. [PMID: 24846828 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2014.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2014] [Accepted: 05/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Aromatase is the critical enzyme that converts androgens to estrogens. It is frequently highly expressed in the tumour bearing breast of women diagnosed with estrogen receptor positive tumours, resulting in dramatically increased local estrogen production to drive tumour progression. Expression of aromatase is regulated primarily at the transcriptional level of its encoding gene CYP19A1, located on chromosome 15 of the human genome. A characteristic feature of CYP19A1 expression is its use of alternative promoters to regulate transcription in a tissue-specific manner. In breast cancer, the increase in aromatase expression is mediated via higher expression of the distal adipose-specific promoter I.4 and a switch to the preferential use of proximal promoters I.3 and II. This results in a net increase of CYP19A1 transcripts in tumour-bearing breast up to 3-4-fold higher than normal breast. Current aromatase inhibitors - whilst efficacious - exhibit significant side effects that reduce patient compliance. Understanding the transcription factors and signalling pathways that control aromatase expression will lead to opportunities to develop breast-specific inhibitors with an improved side-effects profile. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled 'Essential role of DHEA'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Q To
- Cancer Drug Discovery Laboratory, MIMR-PHI Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia; Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia.
| | - Kevin C Knower
- Cancer Drug Discovery Laboratory, MIMR-PHI Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia; Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia.
| | - Vanessa Cheung
- Cancer Drug Discovery Laboratory, MIMR-PHI Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia; Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - Evan R Simpson
- Metabolism and Cancer Laboratory, MIMR-PHI Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia; Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - Colin D Clyne
- Cancer Drug Discovery Laboratory, MIMR-PHI Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia; Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia
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Effect of melatonin on human dental papilla cells. Int J Mol Sci 2014; 15:17304-17. [PMID: 25264744 PMCID: PMC4227163 DOI: 10.3390/ijms151017304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2014] [Revised: 09/10/2014] [Accepted: 09/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Melatonin regulates a variety of biological processes, which are the control of circadian rhythms, regulation of seasonal reproductive function and body temperature, free radical scavenging and so on. Our previous studies have shown that various cells exist in human and mouse tooth germs that express the melatonin 1a receptor (Mel1aR). However, little is known about the effects of melatonin on tooth development and growth. The present study was performed to examine the possibility that melatonin might exert its influence on tooth development. DP-805 cells, a human dental papilla cell line, were shown to express Mel1aR. Expression levels of mRNA for Mel1aR in DP-805 cells increased until 3 days after reaching confluence and decreased thereafter. Real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction showed that melatonin increased the expression of mRNAs for osteopontin (OPN), osteocalcin (OCN), bone sialoprotein (BSP), dentin matrix protein-1 (DMP-1) and dentin sialophosphoprotin (DSPP). Melatonin also enhanced the mineralized matrix formation in DP-805 cell cultures in a dose-dependent manner. These results strongly suggest that melatonin may play a physiological role in tooth development/growth by regulating the cellular function of odontogenic cells in tooth germs.
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Eriksen KT, Halkjær J, Sørensen M, Meliker JR, McElroy JA, Tjønneland A, Raaschou-Nielsen O. Dietary cadmium intake and risk of breast, endometrial and ovarian cancer in Danish postmenopausal women: a prospective cohort study. PLoS One 2014; 9:e100815. [PMID: 24963789 PMCID: PMC4071014 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0100815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2014] [Accepted: 05/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Cadmium is a human lung carcinogen and possesses estrogen-like activity. This combination of carcinogenic and estrogenic activity makes cadmium a contaminant of high concern for hormone-related cancers. Diet and smoking are the main sources of cadmium exposure. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between dietary cadmium intake and risk of breast, endometrial and ovarian cancer in Danish postmenopausal woman. METHODS We estimated dietary cadmium intake in the Diet, Cancer and Health cohort at enrolment 1993-97. The estimates were based on food frequency questionnaires and cadmium contents in all foods. Among 23,815 postmenopausal women we identified 1390 breast, 192 endometrial, and 146 ovarian cancer cases from enrolment through December 31, 2010 using the Danish Cancer Registry. Cox regression was used to analyse the association between dietary cadmium intake and cancer risk. RESULTS Mean dietary cadmium intake was 14 µg/day. Cadmium was not associated with breast cancer, incidence rate ratio (IRR) = 0.99, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.87-1.13 per 10 µg higher dietary cadmium intake/day; endometrial cancer, IRR = 1.08, 95% CI: 0.76-1.53; or ovarian cancer, IRR = 1.15, 95% CI: 0.78-1.70. We found a positive association between cadmium and endometrial cancer for the women with BMI<25 (IRR = 1.50, 95% CI: 0.94-2.39), whereas an inverse association was seen for the women with BMI≥25 (IRR = 0.69, 95% CI: 0.42-1.12); p value for interaction = 0.02. CONCLUSIONS Our study does not indicate that our estimated dietary cadmium intake is associated with hormone-related cancers in women.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jytte Halkjær
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mette Sørensen
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jaymie R. Meliker
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Graduate Program in Public Health, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, United States of America
| | - Jane A. McElroy
- Family and Community Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Montana, United States of America
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Mohapatra P, Preet R, Das D, Satapathy SR, Siddharth S, Choudhuri T, Wyatt MD, Kundu CN. The contribution of heavy metals in cigarette smoke condensate to malignant transformation of breast epithelial cells and in vivo initiation of neoplasia through induction of a PI3K-AKT-NFκB cascade. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2013; 274:168-79. [PMID: 24099783 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2013.09.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2013] [Revised: 09/17/2013] [Accepted: 09/25/2013] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Cigarette smoking is a crucial factor in the development and progression of multiple cancers including breast. Here, we report that repeated exposure to a fixed, low dose of cigarette smoke condensate (CSC) prepared from Indian cigarettes is capable of transforming normal breast epithelial cells, MCF-10A, and delineate the biochemical basis for cellular transformation. CSC transformed cells (MCF-10A-Tr) were capable of anchorage-independent growth, and their anchorage dependent growth and colony forming ability were higher compared to the non-transformed MCF-10A cells. Increased expression of biomarkers representative of oncogenic transformation (NRP-1, Nectin-4), and anti-apoptotic markers (PI3K, AKT, NFκB) were also noted in the MCF-10A-Tr cells. Short tandem repeat (STR) profiling of MCF-10A and MCF-10A-Tr cells revealed that transformed cells acquired allelic variation during transformation, and had become genetically distinct. MCF-10A-Tr cells formed solid tumors when implanted into the mammary fat pads of Balb/c mice. Data revealed that CSC contained approximately 1.011μg Cd per cigarette equivalent, and Cd (0.0003μg Cd/1×10(7) cells) was also detected in the lysates from MCF-10A cells treated with 25μg/mL CSC. In similar manner to CSC, CdCl2 treatment in MCF-10A cells caused anchorage independent colony growth, higher expression of oncogenic proteins and increased PI3K-AKT-NFκB protein expression. An increase in the expression of PI3K-AKT-NFκB was also noted in the mice xenografts. Interestingly, it was noted that CSC and CdCl2 treatment in MCF-10A cells increased ROS. Collectively, results suggest that heavy metals present in cigarettes of Indian origin may substantially contribute to tumorigenesis by inducing intercellular ROS accumulation and increased expression of PI3K, AKT and NFκB proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Purusottam Mohapatra
- Cancer Biology Division, KIIT School of Biotechnology, KIIT University, Campus-11, Patia, Bhubaneswar, Orissa 751024, India
| | - Ranjan Preet
- Cancer Biology Division, KIIT School of Biotechnology, KIIT University, Campus-11, Patia, Bhubaneswar, Orissa 751024, India
| | - Dipon Das
- Cancer Biology Division, KIIT School of Biotechnology, KIIT University, Campus-11, Patia, Bhubaneswar, Orissa 751024, India
| | - Shakti Ranjan Satapathy
- Cancer Biology Division, KIIT School of Biotechnology, KIIT University, Campus-11, Patia, Bhubaneswar, Orissa 751024, India
| | - Sumit Siddharth
- Cancer Biology Division, KIIT School of Biotechnology, KIIT University, Campus-11, Patia, Bhubaneswar, Orissa 751024, India; Department of Infection Biology, Institute of Life Science, Nalco Square, Bhubaneswar, Orissa 751021, India
| | - Tathagata Choudhuri
- Department of Infection Biology, Institute of Life Science, Nalco Square, Bhubaneswar, Orissa 751021, India
| | - Michael D Wyatt
- Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, South Carolina College of Pharmacy, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Chanakya Nath Kundu
- Cancer Biology Division, KIIT School of Biotechnology, KIIT University, Campus-11, Patia, Bhubaneswar, Orissa 751024, India.
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Mulware SJ. The mammary gland carcinogens: the role of metal compounds and organic solvents. Int J Breast Cancer 2013; 2013:640851. [PMID: 23762568 PMCID: PMC3671233 DOI: 10.1155/2013/640851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2013] [Accepted: 04/24/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The increased rate of breast cancer incidences especially among postmenopausal women has been reported in recent decades. Despite the fact that women who inherited mutations in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes have a high risk of developing breast cancer, studies have also shown that significant exposure to certain metal compounds and organic solvents also increases the risks of mammary gland carcinogenesis. While physiological properties govern the uptake, intracellular distribution, and binding of metal compounds, their interaction with proteins seems to be the most relevant process for metal carcinogenicity than biding to DNA. The four most predominant mechanisms for metal carcinogenicity include (1) interference with cellular redox regulation and induction of oxidative stress, (2) inhibition of major DNA repair, (3) deregulation of cell proliferation, and (4) epigenetic inactivation of genes by DNA hypermethylation. On the other hand, most organic solvents are highly lipophilic and are biotransformed mainly in the liver and the kidney through a series of oxidative and reductive reactions, some of which result in bioactivation. The breast physiology, notably the parenchyma, is embedded in a fat depot capable of storing lipophilic xenobiotics. This paper reviews the role of metal compounds and organic solvents in breast cancer development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen Juma Mulware
- Ion Beam Modification and Analysis Laboratory, Physics Department, University of North Texas, 1155 Union Circle, #311427, Denton, TX 76203, USA
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45
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Byrne C, Divekar SD, Storchan GB, Parodi DA, Martin MB. Metals and breast cancer. J Mammary Gland Biol Neoplasia 2013; 18:63-73. [PMID: 23338949 PMCID: PMC4017651 DOI: 10.1007/s10911-013-9273-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2012] [Accepted: 01/10/2013] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Metalloestrogens are metals that activate the estrogen receptor in the absence of estradiol. The metalloestrogens fall into two subclasses: metal/metalloid anions and bivalent cationic metals. The metal/metalloid anions include compounds such as arsenite, nitrite, selenite, and vanadate while the bivalent cations include metals such as cadmium, calcium, cobalt, copper, nickel, chromium, lead, mercury, and tin. The best studied metalloestrogen is cadmium. It is a heavy metal and a prevalent environmental contaminant with no known physiological function. This review addresses our current understanding of the mechanism by which cadmium and the bivalent cationic metals activate estrogen receptor-α. The review also summarizes the in vitro and in vivo evidence that cadmium functions as an estrogen and the potential role of cadmium in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celia Byrne
- Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA
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Kluxen FM, Diel P, Höfer N, Becker E, Degen GH. The metallohormone cadmium modulates AhR-associated gene expression in the small intestine of rats similar to ethinyl-estradiol. Arch Toxicol 2012; 87:633-43. [DOI: 10.1007/s00204-012-0971-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2012] [Accepted: 10/25/2012] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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47
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Leonardi GC, Rapisarda V, Marconi A, Scalisi A, Catalano F, Proietti L, Travali S, Libra M, Fenga C. Correlation of the risk of breast cancer and disruption of the circadian rhythm (Review). Oncol Rep 2012; 28:418-28. [PMID: 22664950 DOI: 10.3892/or.2012.1839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2012] [Accepted: 03/26/2012] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the worldwide leading cause of cancer incidence among women. Night shift work exposure has been recently considered one of the significant breast cancer risk factors in industrialized countries. The mechanisms by which this work exposure may be responsible for cancer development is still discussed. In the last 15 years, many authors have paid attention to the relationship between night shift work and breast cancer risk. In the current study, eight case-control studies and four prospective epidemiological studies describing such relationship are discussed. A positive correlation between night shift work and breast cancer risk was described in 8 out of 12 studies. However, different reasons suggest that some of these studies have an Achilles heel according to the International Agency of Cancer (IARC) indications. Both the circadian system alteration and the melatonin output reduction, related to the exposure to light-at-night during night shift work, remain the most valid hypotheses on the causal relation of shift work and breast cancer. Overall, the results of the present study suggest that there is an association between night shift work and breast cancer development in western countries. However, further studies are needed to confirm such association and to understand which biomolecular mechanisms may be involved in the pathogenesis of cancer diagnosed in patients with night shift work exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Costanza Leonardi
- Laboratory of Translational Oncology and Functional Genomics, Section of Pathology and Oncology, Department of Bio-medical Sciences, University of Catania, and Senology Unit, Cannizzaro Hospital, Catania, Italy
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Luparello C, Longo A, Vetrano M. Exposure to cadmium chloride influences astrocyte-elevated gene-1 (AEG-1) expression in MDA-MB231 human breast cancer cells. Biochimie 2011; 94:207-13. [PMID: 22041583 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2011.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2011] [Accepted: 10/16/2011] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
It is known that cadmium (Cd) is able to regulate gene expression, drastically affecting the pattern of transcriptional activity and intracellular signalization in normal and pathological human cells. We have already shown that Cd exerts a cytotoxic effect on neoplastic MDA-MB231 cells from the human breast, which is characterized by the onset of a "non-classical" apoptotic kind of death, impairment of mitochondrial activity and drastic changes in gene expression pattern. In the present study, employing a combination of conventional and differential display-PCR techniques, immunocytochemical, ELISA and Western analyses, we extended the knowledge on the transcriptional modulation exerted by the metal demonstrating that in MDA-MB231 cells 5 μM CdCl(2) treatment for 96 h selectively down-regulates astrocyte-elevated gene-1 (AEG-1) and reduces the accumulation of its protein product which appears to be associated with the internal cytomembranes and also present in the nucleoplasm. In addition, due to the acknowledged role of AEG-1 in the intranuclear shuttling of NF-κB p65 subunit, we also showed that CdCl(2) treatment determines the decrease of p65 amount in nuclear extracts and the down-regulation of the NF-κB downstream genes c-fos and c-jun, thus providing a new contribution to the comprehension of the intracellular molecular mechanisms implicated in Cd-breast cancer cell interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudio Luparello
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Molecolari e Biomolecolari (STEMBIO), Università di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, 90133 Palermo, Italy.
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Fechner P, Damdimopoulou P, Gauglitz G. Biosensors paving the way to understanding the interaction between cadmium and the estrogen receptor alpha. PLoS One 2011; 6:e23048. [PMID: 21829690 PMCID: PMC3149063 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0023048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2011] [Accepted: 07/05/2011] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Cadmium is a toxic heavy metal ubiquitously present in the environment and subsequently in the human diet. Cadmium has been proposed to disrupt the endocrine system, targeting in particular the estrogen signaling pathway already at environmentally relevant concentrations. Thus far, the reports on the binding affinity of cadmium towards human estrogen receptor alpha (hERα) have been contradicting, as have been the reports on the in vivo estrogenicity of cadmium. Hence, the mode of interaction between cadmium and the receptor remains unclear. Here, we investigated the interaction between cadmium and hERα on a molecular level by applying a novel, label-free biosensor technique based on reflectometric interference spectroscopy (RIfS). We studied the binding of cadmium to hERα, and the conformation of the receptor following cadmium treatment. Our data reveals that cadmium interacts with the ligand binding domain (LBD) of the ERα and affects the conformation of the receptor. However, the binding event, as well as the induced conformation change, greatly depends on the accessibility of the cysteine tails in the LBD. As the LBD cysteine residues have been reported as targets of post-translational modifications in vivo, we present a hypothesis according to which different cellular pools of ERα respond to cadmium differently. Our proposed theory could help to explain some of the previously contradicting results regarding estrogen-like activity of cadmium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Fechner
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry (IPTC), Eberhard-Karls-University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | | | - Günter Gauglitz
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry (IPTC), Eberhard-Karls-University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- * E-mail:
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Metals and breast cancer: risk factors or healing agents? J Toxicol 2011; 2011:159619. [PMID: 21804822 PMCID: PMC3143443 DOI: 10.1155/2011/159619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2011] [Accepted: 05/24/2011] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Metals and metal compounds are part of our environment. Several metals are essential for physiological functions (e.g., zinc or magnesium); while the beneficial effects of others are uncertain (e.g., manganese), some metals are proven to be toxic (e.g., mercury, lead). Additionally there are organic metal compounds; some of them are extremely toxic (e.g., trimethyltin, methylmercury), but there is very little knowledge available how they are handled by organisms. Scientific evidence indicates that long-term exposure to (some) metallic compounds induces different forms of cancer, including breast cancer. On the other side, several metal compounds have clinical use in treating life-threatening diseases such as cancer. In this paper we discuss the recent literature that shows a correlation between metal exposure and breast cancer.
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