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Zhong HY, Yuan C, Liu XL, Wang QQ, Li X, Zhao YC, Li X, Liu DD, Zheng TF, Zhang M. Mechanical stretch aggravates vascular smooth muscle cell apoptosis and vascular remodeling by downregulating EZH2. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2022; 151:106278. [PMID: 35985452 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2022.106278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) was recently found to play an important role in cardiovascular disease. However, the role of EZH2 in vascular remodeling induced by mechanical stretch is poorly understood. The aim of the present work was to investigate the role of EZH2 in regulating smooth muscle cell function through mechanical stretch assays and to explore the underlying mechanisms. METHODS WT C57BL/6 J mice underwent sham surgery or abdominal aortic constriction. The level of EZH2 expression was determined by Western blotting and immunohistochemical staining. We demonstrated the thickness of vascular remodeling by HE staining. JASPAR was used to predict transcription factors that could affect EZH2. Chromatin immunoprecipitation was used to substantiate the DNAprotein interactions. Promoter luciferase assays were performed to demonstrate the activity of the transcription factors. RESULTS We found that in vivo, AAC significantly reduced EZH2 protein levels in the thoracic aorta. Smooth muscle-specific overexpression of EZH2 was sufficient to attenuate the AAC-induced reduction in trimethylation of Lys-27 in histone 3 and thickening of the arterial media. Administration of GSK-J4 (an inhibitor of H3K27me3 demethylase) induced the same effects. In addition, we found that mechanical stretch regulated the expression of EZH2 through the Yes-associated protein (YAP)- transcriptional factor TEA domain 1 (TEAD) pathway. TEAD1 bound directly to the promoter of EZH2, and blocking the YAP-TEAD1 interaction inhibited EZH2 downregulation due to mechanical stretch. CONCLUSION This study reveals that mechanical stretch downregulates EZH2 through the YAP-TEAD1 pathway, thereby aggravating smooth muscle cell apoptosis and vascular remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Yu Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Chong Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Xiao-Lin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Qian-Qian Wang
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Xiao Li
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Ya-Chao Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Xuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Dong-Dong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Teng-Fei Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, China.
| | - Mei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, China.
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Wang Y, Li X, Yao Y, Zhao X, Shi X, Cai Y. Selenium Deficiency Induces Apoptosis and Necroptosis Through ROS/MAPK Signal in Human Uterine Smooth Muscle Cells. Biol Trace Elem Res 2022; 200:3147-3158. [PMID: 34480665 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-021-02910-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Selenium (Se) is one of the essential trace elements; its deficiency induces ROS production and cell death in cardiomyocytes, skeletal muscle cells, and vascular smooth muscle cells, but it is still not clear the impact of Se deficiency on human uterine smooth muscle cells (HUSMCs). To investigate the effect of low Se on the mRNA expression of selenoproteins, the mRNA and protein expression of apoptosis and necroptosis of HUSMCs and their mechanism, Se deficient HUSMCs mode was established through culturing with 1% FBS containing 0 ng/mL, 0.7 ng/mL, and 7 ng/mL Se, and 10% FBS was as the control group. Then, the apoptosis and necroptosis rates, intracellular ROS content and the expression levels of selenoproteins, apoptosis, necroptosis, MAPK pathway-related genes were examined under different Se concentrations. The results showed that Se deficiency led to the augment of cell apoptosis and necroptosis in HUSMCs (p < 0.05), downregulated (p < 0.05) 19 selenoproteins (GPX1, GPX2, GPX3, GPX4, GPX6, Dio3, Txnrd2, Txnrd3, SEPHS2, SEL15, SELH, SELI, SELM, SELN, SELO, SELS, SELT, SELV, and SELW), while Dio2, SELK, Txnrd1, and MSRB1 were not affected by Se deficiency (p ≥ 0.05). In addition, Se deficiency led to increased intracellular ROS content, p-P38 and p-JNK gene expression levels (p < 0.05), the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway Bax, Casp9 and Cle-Casp3 protein expression levels (p < 0.05), and decreased Bcl2 protein expression level (p < 0.05), simultaneously, increased necroptosis marker genes RIP1, RIP3, and MLKL protein expression levels (p < 0.05) with a dose-dependent pattern. The above results indicate that Se deficiency induces HUSMCs apoptosis and necroptosis through the ROS/MAPK pathway and is closely related to selenoproteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueyang Wang
- Department of Obstetrics, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaojing Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Yujie Yao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Xia Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Xu Shi
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Cai
- Department of Obstetrics, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China.
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Zheng X, Yu Q, Shang D, Yin C, Xie D, Huang T, Du X, Wang W, Yan X, Zhang C, Li W, Song Z. TAK1 accelerates transplant arteriosclerosis in rat aortic allografts by inducing autophagy in vascular smooth muscle cells. Atherosclerosis 2022; 343:10-19. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2022.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Ostriker AC, Xie Y, Chakraborty R, Sizer AJ, Bai Y, Ding M, Song WL, Huttner A, Hwa J, Martin KA. TET2 Protects Against Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Apoptosis and Intimal Thickening in Transplant Vasculopathy. Circulation 2021; 144:455-470. [PMID: 34111946 PMCID: PMC8643133 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.120.050553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Coronary allograft vasculopathy (CAV) is a devastating sequela of heart transplant in which arterial intimal thickening limits coronary blood flow. There are currently no targeted therapies to prevent or reduce this pathology that leads to transplant failure. Vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) phenotypic plasticity is critical in CAV neointima formation. TET2 (TET methylcytosine dioxygenase 2) is an important epigenetic regulator of VSMC phenotype, but the role of TET2 in the progression of CAV is unknown. METHODS We assessed TET2 expression and activity in human CAV and renal transplant samples. We also used the sex-mismatched murine aortic graft model of graft arteriopathy (GA) in wild-type and inducible smooth muscle-specific Tet2 knockout mice; and in vitro studies in murine and human VSMCs using knockdown, overexpression, and transcriptomic approaches to assess the role of TET2 in VSMC responses to IFNγ (interferon γ), a cytokine elaborated by T cells that drives CAV progression. RESULTS In the present study, we found that TET2 expression and activity are negatively regulated in human CAV and renal transplant samples and in the murine aortic graft model of GA. IFNγ was sufficient to repress TET2 and induce an activated VSMC phenotype in vitro. TET2 depletion mimicked the effects of IFNγ, and TET2 overexpression rescued IFNγ-induced dedifferentiation. VSMC-specific TET2 depletion in aortic grafts, and in the femoral wire restenosis model, resulted in increased VSMC apoptosis and medial thinning. In GA, this apoptosis was tightly correlated with proliferation. In vitro, TET2-deficient VSMCs undergo apoptosis more readily in response to IFNγ and expressed a signature of increased susceptibility to extrinsic apoptotic signaling. Enhancing TET2 enzymatic activity with high-dose ascorbic acid rescued the effect of GA-induced VSMC apoptosis and intimal thickening in a TET2-dependent manner. CONCLUSIONS TET2 is repressed in CAV and GA, likely mediated by IFNγ. TET2 serves to protect VSMCs from apoptosis in the context of transplant vasculopathy or IFNγ stimulation. Promoting TET2 activity in vivo with systemic ascorbic acid reduces VSMC apoptosis and intimal thickening. These data suggest that promoting TET2 activity in CAV may be an effective strategy for limiting CAV progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allison C. Ostriker
- Department of Medicine (Cardiovascular Medicine), Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511
- Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511
| | - Yi Xie
- Department of Medicine (Cardiovascular Medicine), Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511
- Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511
| | - Raja Chakraborty
- Department of Medicine (Cardiovascular Medicine), Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511
- Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511
| | - Ashley J. Sizer
- Department of Medicine (Cardiovascular Medicine), Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511
- Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511
| | - Yalai Bai
- Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511
| | - Min Ding
- Department of Medicine (Cardiovascular Medicine), Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511
- Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511
| | | | - Anita Huttner
- Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511
| | - John Hwa
- Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511
| | - Kathleen A. Martin
- Department of Medicine (Cardiovascular Medicine), Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511
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Yu Q, Li W, Jin R, Yu S, Xie D, Zheng X, Zhong W, Cheng X, Hu S, Li M, Zheng Q, Li G, Song Z. PI3Kγ (Phosphoinositide 3-Kinase γ) Regulates Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Phenotypic Modulation and Neointimal Formation Through CREB (Cyclic AMP-Response Element Binding Protein)/YAP (Yes-Associated Protein) Signaling. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2020; 39:e91-e105. [PMID: 30651001 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.118.312212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Objective- Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) phenotype modulation is critical for the resolution of vascular injury. Genetic and pharmacological inhibition of PI3Kγ (phosphoinositide 3-kinase γ) exerts anti-inflammatory and protective effects in multiple cardiovascular diseases. This study investigated the role of PI3Kγ and its downstream effector molecules in the regulation of VSMC phenotypic modulation and neointimal formation in response to vascular injury. Approach and Results- Increased expression of PI3Kγ was found in injured vessel wall as well in cultured, serum-activated wild-type VSMCs, accompanied by a reduction in the expression of calponin and SM22α, 2 differentiation markers of VSMCs. However, the injury-induced downregulation of calponin and SM22α was profoundly attenuated in PI3Kγ-/- mice. Pharmacological inhibition and short hairpin RNA knockdown of PI3Kγ (PI3Kγ-KD) markedly attenuated YAP (Yes-associated protein) expression and CREB (cyclic AMP-response element binding protein) activation but improved the downregulation of differentiation genes in cultured VSMCs accompanied by reduced cell proliferation and migration. Mechanistically, activated CREB upregulated YAP transcriptional expression through binding to its promoter. Ectopic expression of YAP strikingly repressed the expression of differentiation genes even in PI3Kγ-KD VSMCs. Moreover, established carotid artery ligation and chimeric mice models demonstrate that deletion of PI3Kγ in naïve PI3Kγ-/- mice as well as in chimeric mice lacking PI3Kγ either in bone marrow or vascular wall significantly reduced neointimal formation after injury. Conclusions- PI3Kγ controls phenotypic modulation of VSMCs by regulating transcription factor CREB activation and YAP expression. Modulating PI3Kγ signaling on local vascular wall may represent a new therapeutic approach to treat proliferative vascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qihong Yu
- From the Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery (Q.Y., D.X., X.Z., X.C., S.H., M.L., Q.Z., Z.S.), Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Li
- Departments of Gerontology (W.L.), Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Rong Jin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport (R.J., S.Y., G.L.).,and Department of Neurosurgery, Penn State Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA (R.J., W.Z., G.L.)
| | - Shiyong Yu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport (R.J., S.Y., G.L.).,Department of Cardiology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China (S.Y.)
| | - Dawei Xie
- From the Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery (Q.Y., D.X., X.Z., X.C., S.H., M.L., Q.Z., Z.S.), Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xichuan Zheng
- From the Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery (Q.Y., D.X., X.Z., X.C., S.H., M.L., Q.Z., Z.S.), Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Zhong
- and Department of Neurosurgery, Penn State Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA (R.J., W.Z., G.L.)
| | - Xiang Cheng
- From the Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery (Q.Y., D.X., X.Z., X.C., S.H., M.L., Q.Z., Z.S.), Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shaobo Hu
- From the Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery (Q.Y., D.X., X.Z., X.C., S.H., M.L., Q.Z., Z.S.), Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Min Li
- From the Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery (Q.Y., D.X., X.Z., X.C., S.H., M.L., Q.Z., Z.S.), Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qichang Zheng
- From the Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery (Q.Y., D.X., X.Z., X.C., S.H., M.L., Q.Z., Z.S.), Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Guohong Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport (R.J., S.Y., G.L.).,and Department of Neurosurgery, Penn State Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA (R.J., W.Z., G.L.)
| | - Zifang Song
- From the Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery (Q.Y., D.X., X.Z., X.C., S.H., M.L., Q.Z., Z.S.), Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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The IL-37–Mex3B–Toll-like receptor 3 axis in epithelial cells in patients with eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2020; 145:160-172. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2019.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Revised: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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Yu Q, Li W, Xie D, Zheng X, Huang T, Xue P, Guo B, Gao Y, Zhang C, Sun P, Li M, Wang G, Cheng X, Zheng Q, Song Z. PI3Kγ promotes vascular smooth muscle cell phenotypic modulation and transplant arteriosclerosis via a SOX9-dependent mechanism. EBioMedicine 2018; 36:39-53. [PMID: 30241919 PMCID: PMC6197754 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2018.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Revised: 08/31/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Transplant arteriosclerosis (TA) remains the major cause of chronic graft failure in solid organ transplantation. The phenotypic modulation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) is a key event for the initiation and progression of neointimal formation and TA. This study aims to explore the role and underlying mechanism of phosphoinositide 3-kinases γ (PI3Kγ) in VSMC phenotypic modulation and TA. Methods The rat model of aortic transplantation was established to detect PI3Kγ expression and its role in neointimal formation and vascular remodeling in vivo. PI3Kγ shRNA transfection was employed to knockdown PI3Kγ gene. Aortic VSMCs was cultured and treated with TNF-α to explore the role and molecular mechanism of PI3Kγ in VSMC phenotypic modulation. Findings Activated PI3Kγ/p-Akt signaling was observed in aortic allografts and in TNF-α-treated VSMCs. Lentivirus-mediated shRNA transfection effectively inhibited PI3Kγ expression in medial VSMCs while restoring the expression of VSMC contractile genes, associated with impaired neointimal formation in aortic allografts. In cultured VSMCs, PI3Kγ blockade with pharmacological inhibitor or genetic knockdown markedly abrogated TNF-α-induced downregulation of VSMC contractile genes and increase in cellular proliferation and migration. Moreover, SOX9 located in nucleus competitively inhibited the interaction of Myocardin and SRF, while PI3Kγ inhibition robustly reduced SOX9 expression and its nuclear translocation and repaired the Myocardin/SRF association. Interpretation These results suggest that PI3Kγ plays a critical role in VSMC phenotypic modulation via a SOX9-dependent mechanism. Therefore, PI3Kγ in VSMCs may represent a promising therapeutic target for the treatment of TA. Fund National Natural Science Foundation of China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qihong Yu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Li
- Departments of Gerontology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Dawei Xie
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xichuan Zheng
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Tong Huang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ping Xue
- Departments of Gerontology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Bing Guo
- Department of Hepatology and Oncology, Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Yang Gao
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Chen Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ping Sun
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Min Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Guoliang Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiang Cheng
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qichang Zheng
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Zifang Song
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
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Meng X, Chen M, Su W, Tao X, Sun M, Zou X, Ying R, Wei W, Wang B. The differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells to vascular cells regulated by the HMGB1/RAGE axis: its application in cell therapy for transplant arteriosclerosis. Stem Cell Res Ther 2018; 9:85. [PMID: 29615103 PMCID: PMC5883535 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-018-0827-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2017] [Revised: 02/18/2018] [Accepted: 03/06/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) transplantation shows promise for treating transplant arteriosclerosis, at least partly via promoting endothelial regeneration. However, the efficacy and safety are still under investigation especially regarding recent findings that neointimal smooth muscle cells are derived from MSC-like cells. The high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1)/receptor for advanced glycation end-product (RAGE) axis is involved in regulating proliferation, migration, and differentiation of MSCs, and therefore it can be presumably applied to improve the outcome of cell therapy. The aim of the current study was to investigate this hypothesis. METHODS Rat MSCs were treated with HMGB1 or modified with HMGB1 vectors to activate the HMGB1/RAGE axis. RAGE was targeted and inhibited by specific short hairpin RNA vectors. We assessed the capacity for cell proliferation, migration, and differentiation after vector transfection in vitro and in a rat model of transplant arteriosclerosis. The expression of CD31 and α-smooth muscle actin (αSMA) was determined to evaluate the differentiation of MSCs to endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells. RESULTS Exogenous HMGB1 treatment and transfection with HMGB1 vectors promoted MSC migration and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-induced differentiation to CD31+ cells while inhibiting their proliferation and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-induced differentiation to αSMA+ cells. Such an effect was blocked by RAGE knockdown. HMGB1-modified cells preferably migrated to graft neointima and differentiated to CD31+ cells along with significant relief of transplant arteriosclerosis and inhibition of HMGB1 and RAGE expression in graft vessels. RAGE knockdown inhibited cell migration to graft vessels. CONCLUSIONS HMGB1 stimulated MSCs to migrate and differentiate to endothelial cells via RAGE signaling, which we translated to successful application in cell therapy for transplant arteriosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohu Meng
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No.121 Jiangjiayuan, Nanjing, 210011, China
| | - Min Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanjing University Medical School Affiliated Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenjie Su
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Hangzhou First People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xuan Tao
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No.121 Jiangjiayuan, Nanjing, 210011, China
| | - Mingyang Sun
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No.121 Jiangjiayuan, Nanjing, 210011, China
| | - Xiaoping Zou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanjing University Medical School Affiliated Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Rongchao Ying
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Hangzhou First People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wei Wei
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No.121 Jiangjiayuan, Nanjing, 210011, China.
| | - Baolin Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No.121 Jiangjiayuan, Nanjing, 210011, China.
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Macrophage-stimulated microRNA expression in mural cells promotes transplantation-induced neointima formation. Oncotarget 2018; 8:30100-30111. [PMID: 28415796 PMCID: PMC5444729 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.16279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2016] [Accepted: 03/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, we tested the possibility that macrophages might contribute to neointima formation by stimulating microRNA expressions in mural cells. Thoracic aortas from F344 rats were transplanted into recipient Lewis rats. Clodronate liposome was used for in vivo macrophage depletion. Using miR-21 as a prototypic example of vascular enriched microRNA, we showed that macrophage depletion reduced the expression level of miR-21, which was upregulated in the allograft. This effect of macrophage depletion was accompanied by attenuations in neointimal hyperplasia and transplantation-induced vascular inflammation. Using in vitro assays, we identified that macrophages might stimulate miR-21 expression in smooth muscle cells and adventitial fibroblasts via the release of tumor necrosis factor-α. We also showed that silencing of miR-21 suppressed tumor necrosis factor-induced proliferation, migration, and inflammatory responses in mural cells. Our results suggest that macrophage may promote transplantation-induced neointima formation by stimulating miR-21 expression in vascular mural cells, which promotes mural cell proliferation, migration and/or inflammation. Moreover, we have established that tumor necrosis factor-α has a major role in mediating this paracrine process.
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Shen CC, Chen B, Gu JT, Ning JL, Zeng J, Yi B, Lu KZ. AMD3100 treatment attenuates pulmonary angiogenesis by reducing the c-kit (+) cells and its pro-angiogenic activity in CBDL rat lungs. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2017; 1864:676-684. [PMID: 29233725 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2017.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2017] [Revised: 10/26/2017] [Accepted: 12/08/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies have shown that pulmonary angiogenesis is an important pathological process in the development of hepatopulmonary syndrome (HPS), and growing evidence has indicated that Stromal cell-derived factor 1/C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 (SDF-1/CXCR4) axis is involved in pulmonary vascular disease by mediating the accumulation of c-kit+ cells. This study aimed to test the effect of AMD3100, an antagonist of CXCR4, in HPS pulmonary angiogenesis. Common bile duct ligation (CBDL) rats were used as experimental HPS model and were treated with AMD3100 (1.25mg/kg/day, i.p.) or 0.9% saline for 3weeks. The sham rats underwent common bile duct exposure without ligation. The c-kit+ cells accounts and its angiogenic-related functions, prosurvival signals, pulmonary angiogenesis and arterial oxygenation were analysed in these groups. Our results showed that pulmonary SDF-1/CXCR4, Akt, Erk and VEGF/VEGFR2 were significantly activated in CBDL rats, and the numbers of circulating and pulmonary c-kit+ cells were increased in CBDL rats compared with control rats. Additionally, the angiogenic-related functions of c-kit+ cells and pulmonary microvessel counts were also elevated in CBDL rats. CXCR4 inhibition reduced pulmonary c-kit+ cells and microvessel counts and improved arterial oxygenation within 3weeks in CBDL rats. The pulmonary prosurvival signals and pro-angiogenic activity of c-kit+ cells were also down-regulated in AMD3100-treated rats. In conclusion, AMD3100 treatment attenuated pulmonary angiogenesis in CBDL rats and prevented the development of HPS via reductions in pulmonary c-kit+ cells and inhibition of the prosurvival signals. Our study provides new insights in HPS treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Cheng Shen
- Department of Anaesthesia, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Bing Chen
- Department of Anaesthesia, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jian-Teng Gu
- Department of Anaesthesia, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jiao-Lin Ning
- Department of Anaesthesia, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jing Zeng
- Department of Anaesthesia, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Bin Yi
- Department of Anaesthesia, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China.
| | - Kai-Zhi Lu
- Department of Anaesthesia, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China.
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11
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Sierra-Parraga JM, Eijken M, Hunter J, Moers C, Leuvenink H, Møller B, Ploeg RJ, Baan CC, Jespersen B, Hoogduijn MJ. Mesenchymal Stromal Cells as Anti-Inflammatory and Regenerative Mediators for Donor Kidneys During Normothermic Machine Perfusion. Stem Cells Dev 2017; 26:1162-1170. [PMID: 28557562 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2017.0030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
There is great demand for transplant kidneys for the treatment of end-stage kidney disease patients. To expand the donor pool, organs from older and comorbid brain death donors, so-called expanded criteria donors (ECD), as well as donation after circulatory death donors, are considered for transplantation. However, the quality of these organs may be inferior to standard donor organs. A major issue affecting graft function and survival is ischemia/reperfusion injury, which particularly affects kidneys from deceased donors. The development of hypothermic machine perfusion has been introduced in kidney transplantation as a preservation technique and has improved outcomes in ECD and marginal organs compared to static cold storage. Normothermic machine perfusion (NMP) is the most recent evolution of perfusion technology and allows assessment of the donor organ before transplantation. The possibility to control the content of the perfusion fluid offers opportunities for damage control and reparative therapies during machine perfusion. Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) have been demonstrated to possess potent regenerative properties via the release of paracrine effectors. The combination of NMP and MSC administration at the same time is a promising procedure in the field of transplantation. Therefore, the MePEP consortium has been created to study this novel modality of treatment in preparation for human trials. MePEP aims to assess the therapeutic effects of MSC administered ex vivo by NMP in the mechanisms of injury and repair in a porcine kidney autotransplantation model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesus Maria Sierra-Parraga
- 1 Department of Internal Medicine, Nephrology and Transplantation, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center , Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Marco Eijken
- 2 Institute of Clinical Medicine, Department of Medicine and Nephrology C, Aarhus University , Aarhus, Denmark
| | - James Hunter
- 3 Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford , Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Cyril Moers
- 4 Department of Surgery-Organ Donation and Transplantation, University of Medical Center Groningen , Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Henri Leuvenink
- 4 Department of Surgery-Organ Donation and Transplantation, University of Medical Center Groningen , Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Bjarne Møller
- 5 Department of Clinical Immunology, Aarhus University Hospital , Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Rutger J Ploeg
- 3 Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford , Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Carla C Baan
- 1 Department of Internal Medicine, Nephrology and Transplantation, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center , Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Bente Jespersen
- 6 Department of Renal Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital , Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Martin J Hoogduijn
- 1 Department of Internal Medicine, Nephrology and Transplantation, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center , Rotterdam, the Netherlands
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12
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Pharmacological Inhibition of Vanin Activity Attenuates Transplant Vasculopathy in Rat Aortic Allografts. Transplantation 2017; 100:1656-66. [PMID: 27014792 DOI: 10.1097/tp.0000000000001169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Development of transplant vasculopathy is a major cause of graft loss and mortality in solid organ transplant recipients. Previous studies in mice have indicated that vanin-1, a member of the vanin protein family with pantetheinase activity, is possibly involved in neointima formation. Here, we investigated if RR6, a recently developed vanin inhibitor, could attenuate development of transplant vasculopathy. METHODS Abdominal allogeneic aorta transplantation from Dark Agouti to Brown Norway rats was performed. Surface neointima was quantified 2 and 4 weeks after transplantation. Systemic vanin activity was measured, and allograft leukocyte infiltration, glutathione-synthesizing capacity, matrix metalloproteinase 9 expression and neointimal smooth muscle cell (SMC) proliferation were assessed by immunohistochemistry. In vitro, the effects of RR6 on SMC proliferation (water-soluble tetrazolium-1 assay) and cytokine-induced apoptosis (flow cytometry) were investigated. RESULTS RR6 treatment significantly reduced systemic pantetheinase activity during the 4-week follow-up period. RR6 attenuated neointima formation 4 weeks after transplantation. Neointimal SMC proliferation and medial SMC matrix metalloproteinase 9 expression were not altered by RR6. However, RR6 significantly reduced neointimal macrophage influx that was accompanied by increased GCLC messenger RNA expression. In vitro, RR6 inhibited platelet-derived growth factor-induced SMC proliferation and protected SMCs from TNF-α-induced apoptosis. CONCLUSIONS Pharmacological inhibition of vanin activity attenuates development of transplant vasculopathy. This was accompanied by reduced macrophage infiltration and increased glutathione-synthesizing capacity. In vitro, RR6 reduced SMC proliferation and apoptosis that was not confirmed in vivo. Further in-depth studies are warranted to reveal the underlying mechanism(s) of RR6-induced attenuation of transplant vasculopathy in vivo.
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13
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Morán-Auth Y, Penna-Martinez M, Perner D, Susser S, Wicker S, Zeuzem S, Sarrazin C, Badenhoop K. IL28B gene variants and glucose metabolism in Type 2 Diabetes. Hum Immunol 2016; 77:1280-1283. [PMID: 27664841 DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2016.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2015] [Revised: 08/14/2016] [Accepted: 09/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) develops, when β-cell insulin response fails to compensate for insulin resistance. Recent studies reported associations between the IL28B polymorphisms (rs12979860 and rs8099917) and T2D development in Hepatitis C virus (HCV) patients. To identify possible association with T2D independent from virus infection, we investigated both IL28B polymorphisms in T2D patients and healthy controls (HC). No association was found comparing the genotype and allele frequencies of both IL28B polymorphisms between T2D patients and HC. However, higher glucose levels were found in T2D patients carrying the IL28B CT/TT rs12979860 and GT/GG rs8099917 HCV risk genotypes compared to those with the protective CC and TT genotype (p=0.06 and p=0.02, respectively). Moreover, T2D patients with CT/TT rs12979860 HCV risk genotypes possessed significantly higher HbA1c levels than CC carriers (p=0.04). In conclusion, the IL28B HCV risk genotypes may influence glucose homeostasis in T2D patients without HCV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Morán-Auth
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
| | - M Penna-Martinez
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - D Perner
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - S Susser
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - S Wicker
- Occupational Health Service, University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - S Zeuzem
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - C Sarrazin
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - K Badenhoop
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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14
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Wang K, Li W, Yu Q, Guo B, Yang B, Zhang C, Li M, Li J, Hu S, Zheng Q, Song Z. High Mobility Group Box 1 Mediates Interferon-γ-Induced Phenotypic Modulation of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells. J Cell Biochem 2016; 118:518-529. [PMID: 27579780 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.25682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2016] [Accepted: 08/26/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The phenotypic modulation of VSMCs is a key cellular event driving neointimal formation and vascular remodeling. As a multifaceted cytokine of cell-mediated immunity, IFN-γ has been shown to play a critical role in the pathogenesis of vascular proliferative diseases. Although the important function of IFN-γ on regulating VSMC activation is well established, the molecular mechanisms by which elicits VSMC responses are poorly defined. Recent studies have identified HMGB1 as a principal effector to mediate IFN-γ-dependent biological functions in multiple cell types. Moreover, SIRT1 has emerged as a critical regulator of cellular processes through deacetylating multiple substrates, including HMGB1. Thus, we examined the role of IFN-γ on HMGB1 release, SIRT1 expression, and VSMC phenotypic modulation as well as the underlying molecular mechanisms. We show that IFN-γ dose-dependently induces HMGB1 cytoplasmic accumulation and its active release from VSMCs, resulting in enhanced HMGB1 in the medium. Conversely, IFN-γ treatment led to a dramatic decrease in SIRT1 expression. Additionally, pretreatment with resveratrol, a selective SIRT1 activator, abrogated IFN-γ-induced HMGB1 translocation and its release. Moreover, IFN-γ stimulates VSMC phenotypic modulation to an activated synthetic state characterized by the repression of SMC differentiation markers such as SM22α and calponin and the increase in cell motility. In contrast, blocking HMGB1 release or activity by resveratrol and HMGB1-neutralizing antibody prevents IFN-γ-induced phenotypic modulation of VSMCs. Overall, this study provides the first evidence showing that HMGB1 plays a critical role in regulating VSMC phenotypic modulation, suggesting that HMGB1 may be a potential therapeutic target to prevent vascular occlusive diseases. J. Cell. Biochem. 118: 518-529, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Gerontology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qihong Yu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Bing Guo
- Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of Rochester, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York
| | - Bin Yang
- Second Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Co-Innovation Center for Organ Failure Research, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chen Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Min Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jinjin Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shaobo Hu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qichang Zheng
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zifang Song
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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15
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Li J, Xiong J, Yang B, Zhou Q, Wu Y, Luo H, Zhou H, Liu N, Li Y, Song Z, Zheng Q. Endothelial Cell Apoptosis Induces TGF-β Signaling-Dependent Host Endothelial-Mesenchymal Transition to Promote Transplant Arteriosclerosis. Am J Transplant 2015; 15:3095-111. [PMID: 26372910 DOI: 10.1111/ajt.13406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2015] [Revised: 05/26/2015] [Accepted: 05/29/2015] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Endothelial cells (ECs) apoptosis is an initial event in transplant arteriosclerosis (TA), resulting in allograft function loss. To elucidate the precise mechanisms of ECs apoptosis leading to neointimal smooth muscle cells (SMCs) accumulation during TA. We induced apoptosis in cultured ECs by overexpressing p53 through lentivirus-mediated transfection. ECs apoptosis induced the production of transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 in both apoptotic and neighboring viable cells, leading to increased TGF-β1 in the culture media. Conditioned media from Ltv-p53-transfected ECs further promoted transition of cultured ECs to SM-like cells by activating TGF-β/Smad3, PI3K/Akt/mTOR, and MAPK/ERK signaling in a TGF-β-dependent manner. In transgenic rat aorta transplantation models, inhibition of ECs apoptosis in Bcl-xL(+/+) knock-in rat aortic allografts significantly reduced TGF-β1 production both in allograft endothelia and in blood plasma, which in turn decreased accumulation of SM22α+ cells from transgenic recipient ECs originally marked with EGFP knock-in in neointima and alleviated TA. Systemic treatment with SIS3, AP23573, or PD98059 also prevented recipient ECs-originated SM-like cells accumulation and intima hyperplasia in aortic allografts. These data suggest that allograft EC apoptosis induced recipient endothelial-mesenchymal (smooth muscle) transition via TGF-β signaling, resulting in recipient EC-derived SMC accumulation as a major mechanism of vascular remodeling during TA.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Li
- Department of Urology Oncological Surgery, Chongqing Cancer Hospital & Institute & Cancer Center, Chongqing, China
| | - J Xiong
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hubei Province, China
| | - B Yang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hubei Province, China
| | - Q Zhou
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Chongqing Cancer Hospital & Institute & Cancer Center, Chongqing, China
| | - Y Wu
- Department of Radiotherapy, Chongqing Cancer Hospital & Institute & Cancer Center, Chongqing, China
| | - H Luo
- Department of Urology Oncological Surgery, Chongqing Cancer Hospital & Institute & Cancer Center, Chongqing, China
| | - H Zhou
- Department of Urology Oncological Surgery, Chongqing Cancer Hospital & Institute & Cancer Center, Chongqing, China
| | - N Liu
- Department of Urology Oncological Surgery, Chongqing Cancer Hospital & Institute & Cancer Center, Chongqing, China
| | - Y Li
- Department of Urology Oncological Surgery, Chongqing Cancer Hospital & Institute & Cancer Center, Chongqing, China
| | - Z Song
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hubei Province, China
| | - Q Zheng
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hubei Province, China
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16
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Yang B, Li W, Zheng Q, Qin T, Wang K, Li J, Guo B, Yu Q, Wu Y, Gao Y, Cheng X, Hu S, Kumar SN, Liu S, Song Z. Transforming growth factor β-activated kinase 1 negatively regulates interleukin-1α-induced stromal-derived factor-1 expression in vascular smooth muscle cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2015; 463:130-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2015.05.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2015] [Accepted: 05/03/2015] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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17
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Sun Y, Liu WZ, Liu T, Feng X, Yang N, Zhou HF. Signaling pathway of MAPK/ERK in cell proliferation, differentiation, migration, senescence and apoptosis. J Recept Signal Transduct Res 2015; 35:600-4. [DOI: 10.3109/10799893.2015.1030412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 902] [Impact Index Per Article: 100.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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18
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Fantus D, Thomson AW. Evolving perspectives of mTOR complexes in immunity and transplantation. Am J Transplant 2015; 15:891-902. [PMID: 25737114 DOI: 10.1111/ajt.13151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2014] [Revised: 11/17/2014] [Accepted: 12/06/2014] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Since the discovery of Rapamycin (RAPA) and its immunosuppressive properties, enormous progress has been made in characterizing the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR). Use of RAPA and its analogues (rapalogs) as anti-rejection agents has been accompanied by extensive investigation of how targeting of mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1), the principal target of RAPA, and more recently mTORC2, affects the function of immune cells, as well as vascular endothelial cells, that play crucial roles in regulation of allograft rejection. While considerable knowledge has accumulated on the function of mTORC1 and 2 in T cells, understanding of the differential roles of these complexes in antigen-presenting cells, NK cells and B cells/plasma cells is only beginning to emerge. Immune cell-specific targeting of mTORC1 or mTORC2, together with use of novel, second generation, dual mTORC kinase inhibitors (TORKinibs) have started to play an important role in elucidating the roles of these complexes and their potential for targeting in transplantation. Much remains unknown about the role of mTOR complexes and the consequences of mTOR targeting on immune reactivity in clinical transplantation. Here we address recent advances in understanding and evolving perspectives of the role of mTOR complexes and mTOR targeting in immunity, with extrapolation to transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Fantus
- Department of Surgery, Thomas E. Starzl Transplantation Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
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19
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von Rossum A, Laher I, Choy JC. Immune-mediated vascular injury and dysfunction in transplant arteriosclerosis. Front Immunol 2015; 5:684. [PMID: 25628623 PMCID: PMC4290675 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2014.00684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2014] [Accepted: 12/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Solid organ transplantation is the only treatment for end-stage organ failure but this life-saving procedure is limited by immune-mediated rejection of most grafts. Blood vessels within transplanted organs are targeted by the immune system and the resultant vascular damage is a main contributor to acute and chronic graft failure. The vasculature is a unique tissue with specific immunological properties. This review discusses the interactions of the immune system with blood vessels in transplanted organs and how these interactions lead to the development of transplant arteriosclerosis, a leading cause of heart transplant failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna von Rossum
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Simon Fraser University , Burnaby, BC , Canada
| | - Ismail Laher
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of British Columbia , Vancouver, BC , Canada
| | - Jonathan C Choy
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Simon Fraser University , Burnaby, BC , Canada
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20
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Li J, Ke W, Zhou Q, Wu Y, Luo H, Zhou H, Yang B, Guo Y, Zheng Q, Zhang Y. Tumour necrosis factor-α promotes liver ischaemia-reperfusion injury through the PGC-1α/Mfn2 pathway. J Cell Mol Med 2014; 18:1863-73. [PMID: 24898700 PMCID: PMC4196661 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.12320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2013] [Accepted: 04/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α has been considered to induce ischaemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) of liver which is characterized by energy dysmetabolism. Peroxisome proliferator–activated receptor-γ co-activator (PGC)-1α and mitofusion2 (Mfn2) are reported to be involved in the regulation of mitochondrial function. However, whether PGC-1α and Mfn2 form a pathway that mediates liver IRI, and if so, what the underlying involvement is in that pathway remain unclear. In this study, L02 cells administered recombinant human TNF-α had increased TNF-α levels and resulted in down-regulation of PGC-1α and Mfn2 in a rat liver IRI model. This was associated with hepatic mitochondrial swelling, decreased adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production, and increased levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activity as well as cell apoptosis. Inhibition of TNF-α by neutralizing antibody reversed PGC-1α and Mfn2 expression, and decreased hepatic injury and cell apoptosis both in cell culture and in animals. Treatment by rosiglitazone sustained PGC-1α and Mfn2 expression both in IR livers, and L02 cells treated with TNF-α as indicated by increased hepatic mitochondrial integrity and ATP production, reduced ROS and ALT activity as well as decreased cell apoptosis. Overexpression of Mfn2 by lentiviral-Mfn2 transfection decreased hepatic injury in IR livers and L02 cells treated with TNF-α. However, there was no up-regulation of PGC-1α. These findings suggest that PGC-1α and Mfn2 constitute a regulatory pathway, and play a critical role in TNF-α-induced hepatic IRI. Inhibition of the TNF-α or PGC-1α/Mfn2 pathways may represent novel therapeutic interventions for hepatic IRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Li
- Department of Urology Surgery, Cancer Institute, Chongqing, China
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21
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Mao S, Huang S. The signaling pathway of stromal cell-derived factor-1 and its role in kidney diseases. J Recept Signal Transduct Res 2013; 34:85-91. [PMID: 24303939 DOI: 10.3109/10799893.2013.865746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The chemokine stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1) regulates the trafficking of progenitor cell (PGC) during embryonic development, cell chemotaxis, and postnatal homing into injury sites. SDF-1 also regulates cell growth, survival, adhesion and angiogenesis. However, in different tissues/cells, the role of SDF-1 is different, such as that it is increased in most of the tumors and associated with cancer metastasis, whereas it is essential for the development of vasculature. For kidney diseases, its role remains controversial. Signaling pathways might be very important in the pathogenesis of kidney diseases. We performed this review to provide a relatively complete signaling pathway flowchart for SDF-1 to the investigators who were interested in the role of SDF-1 in the pathogenesis of kidney diseases. Here, we reviewed the signal transduction pathway of SDF-1 and its role in the pathogenesis of kidney diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Mao
- Department of Nephrology, Nanjing Children's Hospital, Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University , Nanjing , China
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