1
|
León‐López M, Cabanillas‐Balsera D, Martín‐González J, Montero‐Miralles P, Saúco‐Márquez JJ, Segura‐Egea JJ. Prevalence of root canal treatment worldwide: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Int Endod J 2022; 55:1105-1127. [PMID: 36016509 PMCID: PMC9826350 DOI: 10.1111/iej.13822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prevalence of root filled teeth (RFT) worldwide will inform about the amount of clinical activity of dentists dedicated to treat endodontic disease. OBJECTIVES To carry out a systematic review with meta-analysis answering the following question: What is the prevalence of RFT around the world? The percentage of people with at least one RFT was also investigated. METHODS A systematic review including population-based studies using the following databases: PubMed, EMBASE and Scielo. Studies related to prevalence of RFT were included. The outcome of interest of the study was the prevalence of RFT. The meta-analyses were calculated with the Open Meta Analyst software to determine the global prevalence of RFT. Subgroups analyses were performed comparing geographical distribution, radiographic method and year of the study (classified in 20th or 21th century). The prevalence of people with at least one RFT was also analysed. RESULTS Seventy-four population-based studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Twenty-eight, forty-four and two studies reported high, moderate and low risk of bias, respectively. No obvious publication bias was observed. Prevalence of RFT was estimated with 1 201 255 teeth and 32 162 patients. The calculated worldwide prevalence of RFT was 8.2% (95% CI = 7.3%-9.1%; p < .001). The global prevalence of people with at least one RFT was 55.7% (95% CI = 49.6%-61.8%; p < .001). In 20th century, the prevalence of RFT was 10.2% (95% CI = 7.9%-12.5%; p < .001), whereas in the 21st century the overall calculated prevalence of RFT was 7.5% (95% CI = 6.5%-8.6%; p < .001). Brazilian people (12%) and the European population (9.3%) showed the highest prevalence of RFT. In Europe, 59.6% (95% CI = 52.4%-66.8%) of people has at least one RFT. CONCLUSIONS This review showed that root canal treatment is a very common therapy throughout the world. More than half of the studied population have at least one RFT. A limitation of the present study is that most of the studies did not consider random sampling for population selection. REGISTRATION PROSPERO Systematic review registration number: (CRD42022329053).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- María León‐López
- Endodontic Section, Department of Stomatology, School of DentistryUniversity of SevillaSevillaSpain
| | | | - Jenifer Martín‐González
- Endodontic Section, Department of Stomatology, School of DentistryUniversity of SevillaSevillaSpain
| | - Paloma Montero‐Miralles
- Endodontic Section, Department of Stomatology, School of DentistryUniversity of SevillaSevillaSpain
| | - Juan J. Saúco‐Márquez
- Endodontic Section, Department of Stomatology, School of DentistryUniversity of SevillaSevillaSpain
| | - Juan J. Segura‐Egea
- Endodontic Section, Department of Stomatology, School of DentistryUniversity of SevillaSevillaSpain
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Jakovljevic A, Nikolic N, Jacimovic J, Pavlovic O, Milicic B, Beljic-Ivanovic K, Miletic M, Andric M, Milasin J. Prevalence of Apical Periodontitis and Conventional Nonsurgical Root Canal Treatment in General Adult Population: An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Cross-sectional Studies Published between 2012 and 2020. J Endod 2020; 46:1371-1386.e8. [PMID: 32673634 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2020.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2020] [Revised: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study aimed to summarize data on apical periodontitis (AP) and nonsurgical root canal treatment (NSRCT) prevalence and risk factors related to age, gender, and quality of restorative and endodontic treatment in the general population from cross-sectional studies published between 2012 and 2020. METHODS An electronic search was performed in the following databases: Web of Science, Scopus, and PubMed. The conducted literature search covered studies published between 2012 and 2020, without restrictions on language. The STROBE and NOS tools were used for quality assessment of the included studies. RESULTS Sixteen articles were included in the review. In total, 200,041 teeth were examined. On average, 6.3% of teeth had AP, and 7.4% had NSRCT. Forty-one percent of RCT teeth had AP, and 3.5% of untreated teeth had AP. Female patients were less prone to AP in endodontically treated teeth only, compared with male patients (P < .001). Variable stratification of age subgroups among included studies prevented us from conducting a meta-analysis. An increase in AP frequency was found in teeth with inadequate restorative and endodontic treatment (P < .001 and P < .001, respectively). Because of high heterogeneity, these results should be taken with caution. CONCLUSIONS There is an increased AP prevalence in the adult general population compared with data from 2012 (6.3% versus 5.4%) in both endodontically treated (41.3% versus 35.9%) and untreated teeth (3.5% versus 2.1%). In addition, AP developed less frequently in female patients with endodontically treated teeth and in teeth with inadequate compared with adequate restorative and endodontic treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandar Jakovljevic
- University of Belgrade, School of Dental Medicine, Department of Pathophysiology, Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Nadja Nikolic
- University of Belgrade, School of Dental Medicine, Department of Biology and Human Genetics, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jelena Jacimovic
- University of Belgrade, School of Dental Medicine, Central Library, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ognjan Pavlovic
- University of Belgrade, School of Dental Medicine, Laboratory for Basic Research, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Biljana Milicic
- University of Belgrade, School of Dental Medicine, Department for Medical Statistics and Informatics, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Katarina Beljic-Ivanovic
- University of Belgrade, School of Dental Medicine, Department of Restorative Odontology and Endodontics, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Maja Miletic
- University of Belgrade, School of Dental Medicine, Department of Pathophysiology, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Miroslav Andric
- University of Belgrade, School of Dental Medicine, Clinic of Oral Surgery, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jelena Milasin
- University of Belgrade, School of Dental Medicine, Department of Biology and Human Genetics, Belgrade, Serbia
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Fezai H, Al-Salehi S. The relationship between endodontic case complexity and treatment outcomes. J Dent 2019; 85:88-92. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2019.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Revised: 05/11/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
|
4
|
Ahmed I, Ali R, Mudawi A. Prevalence of apical periodontitis and frequency of root-filled teeth in an adult Sudanese population. Clin Exp Dent Res 2017; 3:142-147. [PMID: 29744192 PMCID: PMC5839248 DOI: 10.1002/cre2.73] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2016] [Revised: 06/10/2017] [Accepted: 06/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of teeth with apical periodontitis (AP) and root-filled (RF) teeth in an adult Sudanese population. Panoramic and periapical radiographs were obtained for 200 patients over 18 years of age seeking routine dental care and attending the dental clinics (University of Khartoum) and the dental hospital (University of Science and Technology) for the first time. The periapical status of all teeth (except third molars) was categorized on the basis of the presence or absence of radiographic signs of AP. In addition, the frequency of RF teeth was recorded. Data were analyzed using the chi-square test and odds ratio (OR). The periapical status of 4,967 teeth was assessed. AP in one or several teeth was identified in 95 (47%) patients and in 3.3% of the teeth. The prevalence of AP was higher in molar teeth (7.3%) than in premolar (3.5%) and anterior teeth (0.9%, p ≤ .001). There were 80 (1.6%) RF teeth in 42 (21%) patients. The probability of root-filling in molar and premolar teeth was almost twice that of anterior teeth (OR with 95% confidence intervals: 1.06 < 1.91 < 3.44, p ≤ .05). The prevalence of RF teeth increased with age (OR of 48 ± year = 3.06, p ≤ .001). Statistical analysis showed that the probability of radiological detection of AP in RF teeth was 17-fold higher than in nonfilled ones (OR with 95% confidence intervals: 9.87 < 16.83 < 28.25, p ≤ .001). Therefore, the probability of AP, RF teeth with or without AP, and missing teeth was high in molar teeth than in anterior or premolar teeth. The frequency of RF teeth was low compared to that demonstrated in most other epidemiological studies. This highlights the need to focus on improving the quality of restorations and the procedure by which root canal is shaped and disinfected.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- I. Ahmed
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of DentistryUniversity of KhartoumSudan
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Faculty of DentistryUniversity of Science and TechnologySudan
| | - R.W. Ali
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Faculty of DentistryUniversity of Science and TechnologySudan
| | - A.M. Mudawi
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of DentistryUniversity of KhartoumSudan
- Department of Community and Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of DentistryUniversity of KhartoumSudan
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Timmerman A, Calache H, Parashos P. A cross sectional and longitudinal study of endodontic and periapical status in an Australian population. Aust Dent J 2017; 62:345-354. [DOI: 10.1111/adj.12512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A Timmerman
- The Melbourne Dental School; Faculty of Medicine; Dentistry and Health Sciences; The University of Melbourne; Melbourne Victoria Australia
| | - H Calache
- The Melbourne Dental School; Faculty of Medicine; Dentistry and Health Sciences; The University of Melbourne; Melbourne Victoria Australia
- Deakin Health Economics; Faculty of Health; Deakin University; Geelong Victoria Australia
- School of Dentistry and Oral Health; La Trobe University; Bendigo Victoria Australia
| | - P Parashos
- The Melbourne Dental School; Faculty of Medicine; Dentistry and Health Sciences; The University of Melbourne; Melbourne Victoria Australia
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Dahlström L, Lindwall O, Rystedt H, Reit C. 'It's good enough': Swedish general dental practitioners on reasons for accepting substandard root filling quality. Int Endod J 2017; 51 Suppl 3:e168-e177. [PMID: 28095624 DOI: 10.1111/iej.12743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2016] [Accepted: 01/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
AIM The concept of 'good enough' is central and necessary in the assessment of root filling quality. The aim was to explore the concept by analysing reasons and arguments for the acceptance or rejection of substandard root filling quality as reported by general dental practitioners (GDPs) in Sweden. METHODOLOGY The study was designed as a qualitative and exploratory study based on seven videotaped focus group interviews analysed by means of qualitative content analysis. Thirty-three GDPs employed in the Public Dental Health Service in Gothenburg, Sweden, participated (4-6 GDPs/interview). In all, nine predetermined questions were followed. Before each focus group, the participants received radiographs of 37 root fillings and were asked to assess the root filling quality. The three cases representing the most divergent assessments served as a basis for the discussion. The cases were presented without clinical information; the dentists would relate to the cases as being just root filled by themselves. RESULTS The radiographs did not provide a sufficient basis for decisions on whether or not to accept the root filling. This study emphasized that dentists did not primarily look for these arguments in the technical details of the root filling per se, but instead, they considered selected features of the contextual situation. The GDPs constantly introduced relevant 'ad hoc considerations' to account for the decisions they made. These contextual considerations were related to aspects of pulpal and periapical disease, risks (e.g. technical complications) or to consumed resources (personal and/or economic). CONCLUSIONS It was obvious that the concept of 'good enough' does not exist as a general formula ready to be applied in particular situations. Instead, it is necessarily and irremediably tied to contextual properties that emerge from case to case.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L Dahlström
- Department of Endodontology, Institute of Odontology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Public Dental Health Service, Västra Götaland Region, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - O Lindwall
- Department of Education, Communication and Learning, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - H Rystedt
- Department of Education, Communication and Learning, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - C Reit
- Department of Endodontology, Institute of Odontology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
|
8
|
Kanaparthy A, Kanaparthy R. The Comparative Efficacy of Different Files in The Removal of Different Sealers in Simulated Root Canal Retreatment- An In-vitro Study. J Clin Diagn Res 2016; 10:ZC130-3. [PMID: 27437347 DOI: 10.7860/jcdr/2016/17731.7845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2015] [Accepted: 03/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Root canal treatment enjoys a high success rate all over the world and has saved billions of teeth from extraction. However, there are instances of failure, the main causes being insufficient cleaning and inadequate obturation. In such cases the most conservative treatment option would be non-surgical retreatment. It requires regaining access to the entire root canal system through removal of the original root canal filling thus permitting further cleaning and re- obturation. Removal of gutta-percha and sealer becomes a critical step to gain access to the root canal system, remove necrotic tissue debris, bacteria and infected dentin. AIM To compare and evaluate the efficacy of manual hand Hedstrom files and two rotary retreatment file systems ProTaper Universal retreatment files and Mtwo(R) (retreatment) files in the removal of root canal filling material during root canal retreatment and the influence of the type of sealers zinc oxide eugenol and AH plus on the presence of remaining debris in the reinstrumented canals in the apical, middle and coronal third. MATERIALS AND METHODS Sixty single rooted human premolar teeth were divided into 3 Groups of 20 teeth each Group I (20 Teeth): prepared using hand K Files, Group II (20 Teeth): prepared using ProTaper rotary system and Group III (20 Teeth): prepared using Mtwo rotary system. In Groups- IA, IIA, IIIA: (10 teeth each) Obturation was done using Zinc Oxide Eugenol sealer and gutta percha. In Groups- IB, IIB, IIIB: (10 teeth each) obturation was done with AH Plus sealer and gutta percha. All the teeth were subjected to retreatment. Groups IA and IB with Hedstrom files, Groups IIA and IIB with ProTaper retreatment files and for Groups IIIA and IIIB with Mtwo retreatment Files. The roots were longitudinally split and were observed under a stereomicroscope for remaining amount of filling material on the canal walls. Statistical analysis was done using One-way ANOVA (Analysis of variance) test and Tukey HSD Test. RESULTS Mtwo(R) files showed statistically significant difference in the removal of filling material in the apical third and ProTaper R in the coronal and apical thirds. Better cleaning efficacy was seen in canals obturated with zinc oxide eugenol sealer. Mtwo(R) files showed better removal of filling material than ProTaper R followed by Hedstrom files, even though there was no statistically significant difference. CONCLUSION None of the instrument group showed complete removal of the filling material. It was easier to remove zinc oxide eugenol sealer than AH plus sealer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aruna Kanaparthy
- Assistant Professor, Department of Operative Dentistry & Endodontics, College of Dentistry, Jizan University , Jizan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rosaiah Kanaparthy
- Assistant Professor, Department of Periodontics, College of Dentistry, Jizan University , Jizan, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Dolci M, Migliau G, Besharat ZM, Besharat LK, Gallottini L. Prevalence and distribution of endodontic treatments and apical periodontitis in an Italian population sample. EUR J INFLAMM 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/1721727x16638213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was undertaken to investigate for the first time the distribution and prevalence of apical periodontitis and its determinants in an Italian population. A total of 312 participants (191 women, 121 men) received free clinical examination and full-mouth digital X-ray. Data regarding the oral health status of the patients were collected such as the reason for the visit and the incidence of lesions. We examined 8101 teeth, 6.59% of which had been submitted to endodontic treatment and 15.02% of which were lower molars. Lower molars were reported missing more frequently, in detail 16.24%. Moreover 3.89% of the lower molars had developed an apical lesion, whereas only 0.08% of the lower incisors. Periapical lesions were present in 0.29% of not endodontically treated teeth, while in endodontically treated teeth lesions were present in 17.04%. Additionally, 15.65% of the endodontically treated teeth showed incongruous (long or short) seals. A prevalence of women (61.21%) over men (38.78%) was reported indicating that women attend to their oral health more. Endodontic treatment success and failure in over- or under-filled teeth was evaluated with success being verified in 97% of appropriately treated teeth; the success rate decreases in inappropriately treated teeth (by 72.73% in over-filled and 77.71% under-filled teeth). The prevalence of teeth with periapical lesions amounted to 1.35%. Finally, endodontically treated teeth with periapical lesions amounted to 17.04%. Successful treatment can be achieved when disease is intercepted at an early stage while prevention still remains better than cure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Dolci
- Department of Oral Sciences, Dental School, University G. D’Annunzio, Chieti, Italy
| | - G Migliau
- Department of Oral and Maxillo-facial Sciences, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Italy
| | - ZM Besharat
- Department of Molecular Medicine, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Italy
| | - LK Besharat
- Department of Oral and Maxillo-facial Sciences, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Italy
| | - L Gallottini
- Department of Oral and Maxillo-facial Sciences, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Survival of Root-filled Teeth in the Swedish Adult Population. J Endod 2016; 42:216-20. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2015.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2015] [Revised: 11/02/2015] [Accepted: 11/11/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
|
11
|
Koch M, Wolf E, Tegelberg Å, Petersson K. Effect of education intervention on the quality and long-term outcomes of root canal treatment in general practice. Int Endod J 2015; 48:680-9. [PMID: 25112721 DOI: 10.1111/iej.12367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2013] [Accepted: 08/06/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
AIM To compare the technical quality and long-term outcomes of root canal treatment by general practitioners of a Swedish Public Dental Service, before and after an endodontic education including Ni-Ti rotary technique (NiTiR). METHODOLOGY A random sample was compiled, comprising one root filled tooth from each of 830 patients, treated by 69 general practitioners participating in the education: 414 teeth root filled in 2002, pre-education, using primarily stainless steel instrumentation and filling by lateral compaction, and 416 teeth root filled post-education (2005), using mainly NiTiR and single-cone obturation. Follow-up radiographs taken in 2009 were evaluated alongside immediate post-filling radiographs from 2002 to 2005. The density and length of the root fillings were registered. Periapical status was assessed by the Periapical Index (PAI), using two definitions of disease: apical periodontitis (AP) (PAI 3 + 4 + 5) and definite AP (PAI 4 + 5). Tooth survival was registered. Root fillings pre- and post-education were compared using chi-square and Fisher's exact tests. Crude extraction rates per 100 years were calculated for comparison of tooth survival. Explanatory variables (type of tooth, root filling quality, periapical status, marginal bone loss, type and quality of coronal restoration) in relation to the dependent variable (AP at follow-up) were analysed by multivariable logistic regression. RESULTS Follow-up data were available for 229 (55%) of teeth treated pre- and 288 (69%) treated post-education: both tooth survival (P < 0.001) and root filling quality were significantly higher (P < 0.001) in the latter. However, there was no corresponding improvement in periapical status. Both pre- and post-education, root fillings with definite AP on completion of treatment had significantly higher odds of AP or definite AP at follow-up. For teeth treated post-education, inadequate root filling quality was significantly associated with AP at follow-up. CONCLUSIONS Despite a higher tooth survival rate and a significant improvement in technical quality of root fillings after the education, there was no corresponding improvement in periapical status.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Koch
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Odontology, Malmö University, Malmö, Sweden
- Department of Endodontics, Public Dental Service, Sörmland County Council, Eskilstuna, Sweden
| | - E Wolf
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Odontology, Malmö University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Å Tegelberg
- Faculty of Odontology, Department of Orofacial pain and jaw function, Malmö University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - K Petersson
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Odontology, Malmö University, Malmö, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Dahlström L, Molander A, Reit C. The impact of a continuing education programme on the adoption of nickel-titanium rotary instrumentation and root-filling quality amongst a group of Swedish general dental practitioners. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF DENTAL EDUCATION : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE ASSOCIATION FOR DENTAL EDUCATION IN EUROPE 2015; 19:23-30. [PMID: 24646133 DOI: 10.1111/eje.12097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/27/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The aim of the study was to test the hypothesis that a further education programme relating to nickel-titanium rotary instrumentation (NTRI), with the concurrent activation of social/professional networks amongst all general dental practitioners (GDPs) in a public dental service in Sweden, would increase the adoption rate and improve root-filling quality. MATERIAL AND METHOD To activate the networks, the GDPs at the 25 clinics elected training coaches from amongst themselves. The coaches were educated by a specialist and were then free to organise and conduct the training of the local GDPs. However, collective hands-on training and discussions were mandatory. Lectures were held by an endodontist. The rate of adoption and root-filling quality was evaluated just before and 6 months after the education. Statistical tests were performed with chi-square using a 95% confidence interval. RESULTS Nickel-titanium rotary instrumentation was adopted by 88%. Excellent root fillings (score 1) increased from 45% to 59% (P = 0.003). The rate of poor-quality root fillings (score 4 and score 5) was not affected. The quality ratio (score 1/score 5) increased from 5.36 (118/22) to 9.5 (133/14). Eleven dentists (17%) at nine different clinics produced 49% of the poor-quality root fillings (score 4 and score 5). Seventy-three per cent of these dentists stated that they had adopted NTRI. CONCLUSIONS The introduction of NTRI will increase the adoption rate and the frequency of good-quality root fillings. However, it will not overcome the problems associated with dentists producing a low-quality level, even if a local professional network is activated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L Dahlström
- Department of Endodontology, Institute of Odontology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg and Public Dental Service, Region Västra Götaland, Sweden
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Khullar P, Raisingani D, Gupta S, Khatri RK. A survey report on effect of root canal fillings and coronal restorations on the periapical status of endodontically treated teeth in a selected group of population. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2013; 6:89-94. [PMID: 25206199 PMCID: PMC4086584 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-1196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2013] [Accepted: 06/25/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM A cross-sectional radiographic orthopantomogram (OPG) survey was done to determine the prevalence of apical periodontitis (AP) in root canal-treated teeth in a selected population, and to evaluate the influence of the coronal restorations (CR) and root canal fillings on the periapical status. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 250 OPGs were evaluated out of which root canal treatment (RCT) had been performed in 438 teeth which was taken as the sample size. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED Chi-square test, odds ratio and p-values were recorded. RESULTS The results showed that 53.1% of the endodontically treated teeth presented with AP radiographically. Incidence of AP among teeth with acceptable RCT (32.3%) was significantly lower than those suffering from unacceptable RCT (92.7%). Moreover, adequate CR demonstrated a significantly better periapical status (83.2%) compared to teeth with inadequate CR (37.2%). Also, the combination of adequate CR and adequate root filling resulted in significantly reduced incidence of AP (21.6%) compared to the presence of AP (97%) when both parameters scored as inadequate. CONCLUSION RESULTS hence demonstrated that a well-performed RCT and well-sealing CR are both essential for the overall success of endodontic treatment. Therefore, a considerable improvement in the quality of RCT and CR in general dental practice is required to promote oral/periapical health. How to cite this article: Khullar P, Raisingani D, Gupta S, Khatri RK. A Survey Report on Effect of Root Canal Fillings and Coronal Restorations on the Periapical Status of Endodontically Treated Teeth in a Selected Group of Population. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2013;6(2):89-94.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Poorva Khullar
- 2nd Year Student (MDS), Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Mahatma Gandhi Dental College and Hospital, Jaipur Rajasthan, India, e-mail:
| | - Deepak Raisingani
- Professor, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics Mahatma Gandhi Dental College and Hospital, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Shailendra Gupta
- Professor and Head, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Mahatma Gandhi Dental College and Hospital, Jaipur Rajasthan, India
| | - Rohit Kumar Khatri
- Assistant Professor, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Mahatma Gandhi Dental College and Hospital, Jaipur Rajasthan, India
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Cumbo E, Russo R, Gallina G. System B, Endo-Twinn and E-Fill. True temperatures inside the canal. J Conserv Dent 2012; 15:342-5. [PMID: 23112481 PMCID: PMC3482747 DOI: 10.4103/0972-0707.101897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2011] [Revised: 12/05/2011] [Accepted: 01/02/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The aim of this study is to verify the variations of the temperature inside the root canal with three different gutta-percha heating systems. Materials and Methods: A split-tooth model was built with a lateral groove at 3.5-mm from working length (WL) in order to insert a Chromel-Alumel K-type thermocouple placed in contact with gutta-percha. The thermocouple was connected to a digital thermometer. Sixty obturations were made with medium gutta-percha points. For 20 specimens the System B was used with the Buchanan fine plugger and the temperature was set at 200°C; for other 20 specimens the Endo-Twinn with a fine plugger was used and for the last 20 specimens we used the E-Fill with a 40.04 plugger. All pluggers were pushed to 3.5 mm from WL so that the tips were in contact to the probe. Results: The analysis of 60 samples showed the highest temperature average using the System B after 10 seconds (86.85°C), after 15 seconds (94.9°C), after 20 seconds (100.4°C) and after 25 seconds (104.5°C). The Endo-Twinn average values are similar to System-B ones. The E-Fill average values are lower (69.9°C) than the other two systems evaluated only after 10 seconds due to limited working time. The temperatures average obtained using different systems of warm vertical compaction are lower than what was declared by the producing companies. Conclusion: Time is one the most important parameters to consider using these systems. Temperatures reached from the System B and Endo-Twinn after 25 seconds; however, seem to be sufficient to ensure an optimal adaptation of the gutta-percha in the anatomical complexity of root canals. The temperatures obtained from the E-Fill, only after 10 seconds, instead seems to be insufficient to assure the rheological characteristics of gutta-percha.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Enzo Cumbo
- Department of Surgical Oncology, University of Palermo, Section of Oral Science, Palermo, Italy
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Adebayo ET, Ahaji LE, Nnachetta RN, Nwankwo O, Akabogu-Okpeseyi N, Yaya MO, Hussain NA. Technical quality of root canal fillings done in a Nigerian general dental clinic. BMC Oral Health 2012; 12:42. [PMID: 23066650 PMCID: PMC3504551 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6831-12-42] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2012] [Accepted: 09/23/2012] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Previous reports indicate that worldwide, the technical quality of root canal fillings is poor. There are few reports from sub-Saharan Africa and none yet from Nigeria where most patients access treatment from non-specialists especially at general dental clinics. The aim of this study was to evaluate the technical quality of root canal fillings done in a general dental clinic with emphasis on the effects of professional experience of the operator, whether tooth was anterior or posterior and whether it was a maxillary or mandibular tooth. Methods Retrospective study of case notes and periapical radiographs of patients with completed root canal fillings seen between 2008 and 2011. Inclusion criteria included cases of primary treatment with available case notes, good quality pre-operative and post-operative periapical radiographs. Technical quality that was assessed was root canal length and homogeneity. Root canal fillings were classified either as Good Quality Endodontic Work (GQEW) or Non- Good Quality Endodontic Work (NGQEW). Results Fifty-one patients aged between 8 and 54 years (mean 28) fulfilled the inclusion criteria for this study. From these, there were 62 root filled teeth giving a ratio of 1.2 root canal filled teeth per person. There were acceptable length of root canal fillings in 71% of teeth, 58.1% were homogeneous while 53.2% were GQEW. There was no statistically significant difference in whether tooth was root filled by junior or senior dentist (p = 0.43), anterior or posterior (p = 0.11). There was significant association between GQEW and maxillary teeth (p = 0.03). Conclusion This study showed that the overall technical quality of root canal fillings done by non-specialists was better than earlier reports but lower than that done by endodontists. Since many patients receive treatment from non-specialists in developing countries, it is necessary to improve technical quality of root canal fillings done in general dental clinics. These could be through improvement in the quality of undergraduate training and more post graduate continuing education courses for skills update.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ezekiel Taiwo Adebayo
- Army Dental Centre, Military Hospital, General Post Office Box 3338, Kaduna, Nigeria.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Huumonen S, Vehkalahti MM, Nordblad A. Radiographic assessments on prevalence and technical quality of endodontically-treated teeth in the Finnish population, aged 30 years and older. Acta Odontol Scand 2012; 70:234-40. [PMID: 22364221 DOI: 10.3109/00016357.2011.637510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the prevalence and technical quality of endodontic treatment (ET) in Finland by panoramic radiography. MATERIALS AND METHODS As part of the Finnish nationwide Health 2000 Survey, panoramic radiographs of 5244 dentate subjects, aged 30-95 years, were analyzed. The criterion for a technically adequate ET was a distance from the root filling to the root apex of ≤3 mm. RESULTS Sixty-one per cent of subjects had one or more teeth with ET. ET was more prevalent in older subjects and among women. Of all teeth (n = 120 250), 7% had had ET, the percentages being greatest for molars and premolars. Technical quality was adequate in 47% of all ET, in 71% of anterior teeth, in 51% of premolars and in 25% of molars. CONCLUSIONS Prevalence and technical quality of endodontic treatment in Finland are comparable to that reported elsewhere, but are still calling for improvement in endodontic treatment, especially regarding molars.
Collapse
|
17
|
Introducing nickel-titanium rotary instrumentation in a public dental service: The long-term effect on root filling quality. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 112:814-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tripleo.2011.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2011] [Revised: 06/13/2011] [Accepted: 06/17/2011] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|
18
|
Kamberi B, Hoxha V, Stavileci M, Dragusha E, Kuçi A, Kqiku L. Prevalence of apical periodontitis and endodontic treatment in a Kosovar adult population. BMC Oral Health 2011; 11:32. [PMID: 22126237 PMCID: PMC3251521 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6831-11-32] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2011] [Accepted: 11/29/2011] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Despite numerous studies on the prevalence of apical periodontitis (AP) and endodontic treatment in diverse geographical populations, there are currently no data on the prevalence of these conditions in populations of adults native to Kosovo. Therefore, little is known about how widespread these conditions are, and whether there is any correlation between root canal treatment and AP. The purpose of our research was to address this anomaly by investigating AP and endodontic treatment in an adult Kosovar population based on radiographic examination. Methods The sample used for this study consisted of randomly selected individuals referred to the University Dentistry Clinical Center of Kosovo in the years 2006-2007. Orthopantomographs of 193 patients were evaluated. The periapical status of all teeth (with the exception of third molars) was examined according to Ørstavik's Periapical Index. The quality of the root canal filling was rated as 'adequate' or 'inadequate' based on whether all canals were filled, the depth of fill relative to the radiographic apex and the quality of compaction (absence/presence of voids). Data were analyzed statistically using the Chi-square test and calculation of odds ratios. Results Out of 4131 examined teeth, the prevalence of apical periodontitis (AP) and endodontic treatment was 12.3% and 2.3%, respectively. Of 95 endodontically-treated teeth, 46.3% were associated with AP. The prevalence of AP increased with age. The prevalence in subjects aged over 60 years old (20.2%) was higher than in other age groups. A statistically significant difference was found for the frequency of endodontically-treated teeth associated with AP in the 40-49 year age group (P < 0.001). Of some concern was the discovery that only 30.5% of the endodontically-treated teeth examined met the criteria of an acceptable root canal filling. Inadequately root-filled teeth were associated with an increased AP risk. Conclusions The prevalence of AP and the frequency of endodontically-treated teeth with AP in this Kosovar population are higher than those found in other countries. Inadequate root canal fillings were associated with an increased prevalence of AP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Blerim Kamberi
- Department of Dental Pathology and Endodontics, University Dentistry Clinical Center of Kosovo, Prishtina, Kosovo
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Chala S, Abouqal R, Abdallaoui F. Prevalence of apical periodontitis and factors associated with the periradicular status. Acta Odontol Scand 2011; 69:355-9. [PMID: 21426267 DOI: 10.3109/00016357.2011.568967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
AIM The present study aimed at assessing the prevalence of apical periodontitis and identifying the factors associated with apical periodontitis, particularly the influence of the quality of root canal fillings and coronal restorations on the periradicular status. METHODOLOGY The study population consisted of adult patients, men and women, seeking routine dental care at the Endodontic Clinic in the school teaching hospital between September 2006 and July 2008. For each patient complete oral examination and periapical radiographs were made for pathological teeth. All teeth were assessed individually. AP was diagnosed according to defined criteria, other variables were root fillings, coronal fillings, trauma and caries. The odds ratio and 95% confidence interval were used to calculate the risk of apical periodontitis related to tooth-specific risk indicators on the presence of apical periodontitis. A multiple logistic regression model to control for confounders and to determine their independent association with apical periodontitis was used also. RESULTS AP was detected on teeth (63.79%). The prevalence of apical periodontitis in root canal-treated teeth was 39.5%. Of the dental variables caries, trauma, inadequate root fillings and inadequate restoration were significantly associated with AP. CONCLUSION The prevalence of AP in this study group was higher than in other populations. The probability of AP increased significantly after root canal treatment and coronal filling and was closely associated with the quality of the filling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sanaa Chala
- Department of Endodontics and Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University Mohammed V Souissi Rabat, Morocco.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
KIRKEVANG LISELOTTE. Root canal treatment and apical periodontitis: What can be learned from observational studies? ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1601-1546.2011.00258.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
21
|
Frequency and distribution of root filled teeth and apical periodontitis in a Jordanian subpopulation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 111:e59-65. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tripleo.2010.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2010] [Revised: 07/29/2010] [Accepted: 08/04/2010] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
22
|
BURKE FM, LYNCH CD, NÍ RÍORDÁIN R, HANNIGAN A. Technical quality of root canal fillings performed in a dental school and the associated retention of root-filled teeth: a clinical follow-up study over a 5-year period. J Oral Rehabil 2009; 36:508-15. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2842.2009.01966.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
23
|
Assessment of different dyes used in leakage studies. Clin Oral Investig 2009; 14:331-8. [PMID: 19536570 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-009-0299-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2008] [Accepted: 06/02/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The goal of this in vitro study was to identify the most suitable dye for endodontic dye leakage studies, which could be a further step towards standardisation. The root canals of 70 extracted, single-rooted human adult teeth were enlarged to apical size 50 using hand instruments. The teeth were divided into seven groups (n = 10 each), and all root canals were completely filled by injection with one of the following dyes: methylene blue 0.5% and 5%, blue ink, black ink, eosin 5%, basic fuchsin 0.5% and drawing ink. Transverse root sections from the coronal, middle and apical part of the roots were examined, and the percentage of the dentine penetrated by dye was evaluated by software-supported light microscopy. In addition, the range of particle size of drawing ink particles was evaluated. There were conspicuous differences in the relative dye penetration into the root dentine and the penetration behaviour in the different root sections (two-way ANOVA, both p < 0.0001). One dye (drawing ink) penetrated less into the root dentine compared with all the others (p <0.0001). The particle size of this agent (0.1-2 microm) corresponds best with the size range of a representative selection of 21 species of pathogenic endodontic bacteria. Compared to the other dyes tested, drawing ink appears to be superior for use in endodontic dye leakage studies. The penetration behaviour into the root dentine of all the other dyes tested might be one factor that limits the applicability of these dyes in dye leakage studies.
Collapse
|
24
|
Assessment of possible risk indicators for apical periodontitis in root-filled teeth in an adult Turkish population. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008; 106:e72-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tripleo.2008.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2007] [Revised: 05/20/2008] [Accepted: 06/03/2008] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
|
25
|
Touré B, Kane AW, Sarr M, Ngom CTH, Boucher Y. Prevalence and technical quality of root fillings in Dakar, Senegal. Int Endod J 2007; 41:41-9. [PMID: 18005046 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2591.2007.01305.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIM To examine the prevalence and technical quality of root fillings and the periapical status of root-filled teeth in a subpopulation of Dakar, Senegal. METHODOLOGY Full-mouth periapical radiographs were obtained from 208 consecutive adults presenting as new patients to the Dental Service of the University. The occurrence and technical quality of root fillings were assessed for each root according to the apical extent of the root fillings and its density. The periapical status was evaluated using the Periapical Index Scoring System with a PAI > 2 indicating periapical disease. The presence of coronal restorations and posts was also noted. Statistical analysis was performed with the chi-square test with a significance level set at P < 0.05%. RESULTS Of the 6234 teeth examined, 2.6% were root filled. A PAI > 2 was associated with 56.1% of the filled roots. Only 17.7% of the root fillings were technically acceptable and 26.2% of these were associated with a PAI > 2. In roots with unacceptable root fillings, 62.5% had a PAI > 2. Unacceptable root fillings were associated with a higher prevalence of periapical disease (P < 0.001). A post was seen in 18.9% of the filled roots with 66.2% associated with a PAI > 2. A permanent coronal restoration was present in 78.5% of the filled roots, of which 50.7% had a PAI > 2 vs 75.7% for no permanent restoration. At least one periapical lesion was seen in 59.6% of the subjects. CONCLUSION The results indicate a low prevalence of teeth with radiographic periapical disease, a low prevalence of root-filled teeth and a high prevalence of unacceptable root fillings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B Touré
- Endodontics and Restorative Dentistry Section, Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacy and Dentistry, University Cheikh Anta Diop, Dakar, Senegal
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Bjørndal L, Laustsen MH, Reit C. Danish practitioners’ assessment of factors influencing the outcome of endodontic treatment. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007; 103:570-5. [PMID: 17188529 DOI: 10.1016/j.tripleo.2006.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2006] [Accepted: 09/22/2006] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This investigation explored the hypothesis that among general dental practitioners (GDPs), the performance of root fillings of substandard quality might be associated with deficient knowledge of factors important to the outcome of endodontic treatment. STUDY DESIGN A questionnaire was mailed to 600 randomly selected GDPs. The influence of 24 factors on treatment outcome was assessed on 100 mm visual analog scales. A gold standard (GS) was established by an external group of researchers. Comparisons between the GDP response and the GS were analyzed using Wilcoxon tests. RESULTS Despite large variation, the responses were significantly associated with sex, year of education, and exposure to endodontic treatment. Compared with the GS, the GDPs emphasized factors associated with clinical symptoms and underevaluated factors related to the microbial situation in the root canal. CONCLUSIONS The GDPs seemed to regard endodontics mainly to be a procedure to keep a patient free of symptoms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lars Bjørndal
- Department of Cariology and Endodontology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Sunay H, Tanalp J, Dikbas I, Bayirli G. Cross-sectional evaluation of the periapical status and quality of root canal treatment in a selected population of urban Turkish adults. Int Endod J 2007; 40:139-45. [PMID: 17229120 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2591.2007.01217.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIM To investigate the prevalence of apical periodontitis and the quality of root canal treatment in an adult Turkish population who visited a university dental clinic. SUMMARY The periapical status of 8863 teeth belonging to 375 patients was evaluated by two pre-calibrated observers from panoramic radiographs. The presence of apical periodontitis, and the prevalence and quality of root fillings were recorded. The relationship between the radiographic quality of root fillings and apical periodontitis was examined by chi-squared statistical-analysis. Of 8863 teeth, 470 (5.3%) had undergone root canal treatment. Forty-seven per cent of all the subjects had at least one root-filled tooth. Periapical radiolucencies were visible on 4.2% of teeth examined, with 53.5% of root-filled teeth presenting apical periodontitis. Ninety-one per cent of root-filled teeth with periapical pathosis were determined to have inadequate root fillings. A statistically significant correlation was found between the quality of root fillings and the presence of apical periodontitis (P < 0.05). KEY LEARNING POINTS The radiographic quality of root fillings correlated with periapical radiographic signs of pathosis in a selected population of Turkish adults. There is a need to improve the standards of root canal treatment in the study population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H Sunay
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Ridell K, Petersson A, Matsson L, Mejàre I. Periapical status and technical quality of root-filled teeth in Swedish adolescents and young adults. A retrospective study. Acta Odontol Scand 2006; 64:104-10. [PMID: 16546852 DOI: 10.1080/00016350500367637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim was to study periapical status and the technical quality of root-filled teeth in Swedish adolescents and young adults in Malmö, Sweden. MATERIAL AND METHODS The sample, collected from dental records in the Public Dental Service, consisted of notes and radiographs of all root-filled permanent teeth in all 19-year-olds born in 1979 (mean age at root filling=16.2 years). The sample for assessing periapical status and technical quality consisted of 124-153 teeth. The criterion for inclusion for assessing periapical status was a follow-up time of at least one year. Periapical status was assessed with the Periapical Index (PAI). Technical quality was analyzed from radiographs in two respects: sealing quality of the root canal and distance from the root filling to the radiographic apex. The radiographs were analyzed independently by two observers with inter-examiner kappa values of 0.82-0.85. RESULTS Apical periodontitis was found in 52% of the teeth and occurred significantly more often among molars than among anterior teeth. As judged radiographically, 51% of the teeth were inadequately sealed. In 38%, the distance to the apex was >2 mm and overfilling was registered in 14% of the teeth. Compared with anterior teeth, significantly more root fillings of molars had a distance to the apex of >2 mm. Technical quality was statistically significantly correlated with periapical status at follow-up. CONCLUSIONS The technical quality and periapical status of root-filled teeth in adolescents and young adults were unsatisfactory in about half of the teeth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karin Ridell
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry, Malmö University, Malmö, Sweden.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Kirkevang LL, Vaeth M, Hörsted-Bindslev P, Wenzel A. Longitudinal study of periapical and endodontic status in a Danish population. Int Endod J 2006; 39:100-7. [PMID: 16454789 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2591.2006.01051.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIM To describe and discuss changes in periapical and endodontic status in a general Danish population. METHODOLOGY In 1997, 616 randomly selected individuals had a full-mouth radiographic survey taken. In 2003, 77% of the participants attended for a new full-mouth radiographic examination. Information on endodontic treatment and periapical status was obtained. The periapical index (PAI) was used to assess apical periodontitis (AP). RESULTS More participants had root filling(s) and AP in 2003 than in 1997. More teeth had AP and/or root fillings in 2003. Fewer of the root-filled teeth (RFT) had AP in 2003. Less than 3% of the teeth without root fillings (NRFT) that in 1997 had no AP, developed AP and/or received a root filling. Of the NRFT which in 1997 had AP, more than 35% still had AP and no root filling in 2003. Approximately, 30% of the NRFT with AP in 1997 received a root filling. Of the teeth that received a root filling, 40% had healed, whereas 60% had not. Approximately, 25% of the NRFT that in 1997 had AP had been extracted. In 1997 there were 618 RFT, 314 of the RFT had no AP in 1997. Almost 20% of the RFT that in 1997 were periapically sound, developed AP. Of the 304 RFT with AP in 1997, approximately 30% had healed, in 60% AP persisted, and 10% were extracted. CONCLUSIONS The present study indicates that caution must be exercised when statements on the outcome of root canal treatment are made based on the cross-sectional studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L-L Kirkevang
- Department of Oral Radiology, School of Dentistry, Royal Dental College, University of Aarhus, Vennelyst Boulevard, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Eleftheriadis GI, Lambrianidis TP. Technical quality of root canal treatment and detection of iatrogenic errors in an undergraduate dental clinic. Int Endod J 2005; 38:725-34. [PMID: 16164687 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2591.2005.01008.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the technical quality of root canal treatment (RCT) and detect iatrogenic errors in an undergraduate dental clinic. METHODOLOGY Three-hundred and eighty-eight root-filled teeth from the records of the Department of Endodontology at the Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece were evaluated. Evaluation of root-filled teeth was based on two variables: length and presence of voids within the root filling. The technical standard of root fillings was categorized as: < or = 2 mm from the apex with no voids (acceptable); >2 mm from the apex with no voids; overfilling with no voids; < or = 2 mm from the apex with voids; >2 mm from the apex with voids and overfilling with voids. Iatrogenic errors that were detected included ledges, root perforations, furcation perforations, strip perforations and presence of fractured instruments. Chi-squared analysis was used to determine statistically significant differences between frequencies of root fillings between each tooth type. Significant differences were also determined between frequencies of ledges and root perforations according to tooth type and separately in molars according to tooth number, canal location and root canal curvature. Results Three-hundred and forty-three out of 620 root canals (55.3%) had a root filling that was classified as 'acceptable'. The frequency of root canals with an 'acceptable' filling was significantly greater in the anterior teeth (72.1%) than in pre-molars (55.2%) (P < 005) or in molars (46.7%) (P < 0.001). One-hundred and fifty-four (24.8%) root canals had ledges and 17 (2.7%) had a root perforation. The frequency of ledged root canals was significantly greater (P < 0.001) in molars than in anterior teeth. In molars, 105 out of 270 root canals (38.9%) had been ledged. Mesiobuccal, mesiolingual and distobuccal root canals were the most frequently ledged. Canal curvature was found to be the most important factor associated with ledges and root perforations. Conclusions Technical quality was found to be acceptable more often in anterior teeth. Ledges were identified more often in curved canals in molar teeth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G I Eleftheriadis
- Department of Endodontology, School of Dentistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.
| | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
De Quadros I, Gomes BP, Zaia AA, Ferraz CC, Souza-Filho FJ. Evaluation of Endodontic Treatments Performed by Students in a Brazilian Dental School. J Dent Educ 2005. [DOI: 10.1002/j.0022-0337.2005.69.10.tb04017.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Iadasa De Quadros
- Department of Restorative Dentistry; Piracicaba Dental School; State University of Campinas, UNICAMP; Piracicaba SP Brazil
| | - Brenda P.F.A. Gomes
- Department of Restorative Dentistry; Piracicaba Dental School; State University of Campinas, UNICAMP; Piracicaba SP Brazil
| | - Alexandre A. Zaia
- Department of Restorative Dentistry; Piracicaba Dental School; State University of Campinas, UNICAMP; Piracicaba SP Brazil
| | - Caio C.R. Ferraz
- Department of Restorative Dentistry; Piracicaba Dental School; State University of Campinas, UNICAMP; Piracicaba SP Brazil
| | - Francisco J. Souza-Filho
- Department of Restorative Dentistry; Piracicaba Dental School; State University of Campinas, UNICAMP; Piracicaba SP Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Torabinejad M, Kutsenko D, Machnick TK, Ismail A, Newton CW. Levels of Evidence for the Outcome of Nonsurgical Endodontic Treatment. J Endod 2005; 31:637-46. [PMID: 16123698 DOI: 10.1097/01.don.0000153593.64951.14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this systematic review was (a) to search for clinical articles pertaining to success and failure of nonsurgical root canal therapy, and (b) to assign levels of evidence to these studies. Electronic and manual searches were conducted to identify studies published between January 1966 and September 2004 with information on the success and failure of nonsurgical root canal therapy. Articles were reviewed and graded for strength of level of evidence (LOE) from one (highest level) to five (lowest level). This review resulted in the identification of 306 clinical studies related to this topic area. Six articles were randomized controlled trials (RCTs, LOE 1). This search also identified 12 low-quality RCTs (LOE 2), 14 cohort studies (LOE 2), five case-control and eight cross sectional studies (LOE 3), four low-quality cohort studies (LOE 4), and five low-quality case-control studies (LOE 4). The majority (73) of the often-quoted "success and failure" studies were case series (LOE 4). The rest of the articles were descriptive epidemiological studies (42), case reports (114), expert opinions (18), literature reviews (4), and one meta-analysis. Based on these findings, it appears that a few high-level studies have been published in the past four decades related to the success and failure of nonsurgical root canal therapy. The data generated by this search can be used in future studies to specifically answer questions and test hypotheses relevant to the outcome of nonsurgical root canal treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Torabinejad
- Department of Endodontics of the School of Dentistry, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California 92350, USA.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Abstract
AIM To examine the potential and accuracy of micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) for imaging of filled root canals. METHODOLOGY The root canals of five extracted maxillary teeth were shaped manually with K-files. After irrigation and drying, the root canals were filled by lateral condensation using gutta-percha cones and AH plus (Dentsply Maillefer, Ballaigues, Switzerland) as sealer. The filled root canals were examined by micro-CT at resolutions <11 microm. Three-dimensional reconstructions of the root canal fillings were made. The roots were sectioned histologically and standard photographs of the sectioned surfaces were taken. Digitized photographic images and the corresponding micro-CT sections were correlated qualitatively by superimposition. Quantitative morphometric data were obtained with respect to the surface area of the root canal filling and the individual gutta-percha points of the histological and the micro-CT sections. Pearson correlation coefficients were calculated. RESULTS There was a good qualitative correlation between the images from the histological and the micro-CT sections. The fillings were clearly differentiated from the root canal walls. Individual gutta-percha cones and sealer were discernable. Pearson correlation coefficients showed a highly significant correlation between the two methods (P < 0.001) with respect to the area of the complete root canal filling (r = 0.992) and the gutta-percha cones (r = 0.968). CONCLUSIONS The micro-CT technique was a highly accurate and nondestructive method for the evaluation of root canal fillings and its constituents. Qualitative and quantitative correlation between histological and micro-CT examination of root canal fillings was high.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Jung
- Polyclinic for Operative and Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Abstract
Failure of root canal treatment and/or post crowns can be avoided in many cases if appropriate tooth preparation is carried out. This paper discusses the rationale for the timing of post placement following root canal treatment and appropriate methods for removal of gutta-percha prior to post space preparation. The basic principles of post space preparation are described, which should reduce the risk of weakening the root unnecessarily, causing damage to the periodontium and post perforation.
Collapse
|
35
|
Villegas JC, Yoshioka T, Kobayashi C, Suda H. Intracanal temperature rise evaluation during the usage of the System B: replication of intracanal anatomy. Int Endod J 2005; 38:218-22. [PMID: 15810971 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2591.2005.00934.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate and determine intracanal temperature rises at 2 and 4 mm from the working length (WL) necessary to obtain proper replication of intracanal anatomy with gutta-percha (GP) using the System B heat source during vertical condensation. METHODOLOGY A split-tooth model was prepared and artificial shallow depressions were cut in the buccal canal wall 2 and 4 mm from the WL. At the same level on the palatal wall holes were drilled to adapt two thermocouples. The canal was filled using GP in a vertical condensation technique by placing the System B plugger at 2 and 4 mm from the WL in groups A and B, respectively. Two control groups in which no GP was used were carried out placing the plugger 2 and 4 mm from the WL (groups A.c and B.c, respectively) and activating the heat source. Recording of temperature rise was carried out during the filling procedure for groups A and B and during activation for control groups A.c and B.c; the highest temperatures were recorded. After each filling was completed, 3 min were allowed for the GP to cool and the model divided to reveal the filling. Images of the GP were taken with a CCD camera to evaluate the presence of replication of artificial round depressions. In control groups, the temperature was recorded for 20 s after a 3 s activation of the heat source. The rise in temperature was compared between the groups individually at each level (2 or 4 mm) and statistically analysed using one-way anova and Fisher PLSD tests at 5% of significance level (P < 0.05). RESULTS Mean temperature rises of 14 +/- 3 and 12 +/- 2 degrees C at 2 and 4 mm from the WL, respectively, were observed in group A fillings, and 4 +/- 1 and 6 +/- 1 degrees C at 2 and 4 mm, respectively, in group B fillings. Recordings at 2 mm showed significantly (P < 0.05) higher temperature rises with group A.c when compared with groups B and B.c. Replication of intracanal anatomy with GP was always found in group A fillings at both levels but only 4 mm from the WL in group B fillings. CONCLUSIONS Positioning the plugger close to WL and a temperature rise of 6 degrees C were necessary to obtain replication of intracanal anatomy. A mean temperature rise of 4 degrees C at 2 mm from WL (group B) resulted in no replication of intracanal anatomy. Further studies simulating clinical conditions are necessary.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J C Villegas
- Division of Pulp Biology and Endodontics, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Loftus JJ, Keating AP, McCartan BE. Periapical status and quality of endodontic treatment in an adult Irish population. Int Endod J 2005; 38:81-6. [PMID: 15667629 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2591.2004.00902.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
AIM To determine the prevalence of apical periodontitis and the quality of root fillings in an adult Irish population using a retrospective analysis of orthopantomograms (OPGs). METHODOLOGY A systematic sample of clinical records and OPGs of 302 adult patients attending the Dublin Dental Hospital, Ireland, were screened by two examiners to determine the quality of root canal treatment and the prevalence of apical periodontitis. The operators who carried out the treatment were unknown. Two examiners inspected OPGs after inter-examiner correlation. European Society of Endodontology (ESE) guidelines were used to determine adequacy of root treatment. RESULTS Of the 7427 teeth examined 2% had root fillings. Apical periodontitis was evident in 1.6% of all nonroot filled teeth whilst 33.1% of the subjects had at least one tooth with apical periodontitis. Of the root filled teeth, 25% had apical periodontitis and 52.6% were considered technically inadequate by ESE guidelines. There was a statistically significant (P < 0.05) negative correlation between the quality of the root fillings and the prevalence of apical periodontitis. Posterior root filled teeth (premolars and molars) had a greater prevalence of apical periodontitis than anterior root filled teeth. CONCLUSIONS The technical quality of root fillings in an adult Irish population was poor and was consistent with a high prevalence of apical periodontitis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J J Loftus
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dental Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon Tyne, UK.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Georgopoulou MK, Spanaki-Voreadi AP, Pantazis N, Kontakiotis EG. Frequency and distribution of root filled teeth and apical periodontitis in a Greek population. Int Endod J 2005; 38:105-11. [PMID: 15667632 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2591.2004.00907.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIM To investigate the prevalence of root filled teeth and apical periodontitis (AP) in a Greek population. METHODOLOGY A random sample of 320 patients who required full mouth periapical radiographic examination as a part of diagnostic and planning procedures were included. The age of the patients ranged from 16 to 77 years. A total of 7664 teeth were assessed and the frequency of root filled teeth and periapical status was recorded. Two observers evaluated the radiographs under standardized conditions. AP was defined as distinct periapical radiolucency or widening of the periodontal ligament space exceeding two times the normal width. Statistical evaluation of differences in proportions between groups was performed using random effects logistic regression models. RESULTS The periapical status of 286 (3.7%) teeth was impossible to evaluate because of radiographic faults; these teeth were excluded from further analysis. A total of 1040 (13.6%) teeth had radiographic signs of AP and 680 (9.2%) teeth had been root filled. Of the root filled teeth, 408 (60.0%) had AP. There was no difference in the number of root filled teeth between males and females; the prevalence of root filled teeth increased with age. Significantly more molars (13.1%) and premolars (11.9%) than anterior teeth (5.8%) had been root filled (P < 0.001). The prevalence of AP was significantly higher (P < 0.001) in molars (23.9%) and premolars (14.0%) than anterior teeth (9.4%). CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of AP and the frequency of root filled teeth with AP in this Greek population were higher than those found in many other European countries. The frequency of root filled teeth was comparable with findings in other epidemiological studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M K Georgopoulou
- Department of Endodontics, Dental School, University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Caplan DJ. Epidemiologic issues in studies of association between apical periodontitis and systemic health. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1601-1546.2004.00087.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
|
39
|
Kirkevang LL, Væth M, Wenzel A. Tooth-specific risk indicators for apical periodontitis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tripleo.2003.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
40
|
Robinson MJ, McDonald NJ, Mullally PJ. Apical Extrusion of Thermoplasticized Obturating Material in Canals Instrumented with Profile 0.06 or Profile GT. J Endod 2004; 30:418-21. [PMID: 15167470 DOI: 10.1097/00004770-200406000-00010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this in vitro study was to compare the extrusion of thermoplacticized gutta-percha in teeth instrumented with Profile 0.06 or Profile GT, and obturated with Thermafil Plus and Thermafil GT, respectively. A total of 120, extracted, human maxillary central incisors were divided into four equal groups. Group 1 was instrumented with Profile 0.06 and obturated with Thermafil Plus. Group 2 was instrumented with Profile 0.06 and obturated using warm vertical condensation (negative control). Group 3 was instrumented with Profile GT and obturated with Thermafil GT. Group 4 was instrumented with Profile GT and obturated like Group 2 (negative control). Extrusion was graded as present or absent. Results found 9 of 30 extruded for group 1, 1 of 30 for group 2, 15 of 30 for group 3, and 2 of 30 for group 4. The results suggest that, in vitro, Thermafil GT may be more prone to extruding gutta-percha past the apical foramen than Thermafil Plus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mark J Robinson
- School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, 1011 N. University, Ann Arbor, MI 48108, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
De Bruyne MAA, De Moor RJG. The use of glass ionomer cements in both conventional and surgical endodontics. Int Endod J 2004; 37:91-104. [PMID: 14871175 DOI: 10.1111/j.0143-2885.2004.00769.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The capacity to bond to dental tissues, especially to dentine, their long-term fluoride release and their biocompatibility make glass ionomer cements (GICs) advantageous for use in endodontics, as well as in restorative dentistry. This review provides information on the basic properties of GICs, such as adhesion, antimicrobial effects and biocompatibility, particularly as they relate to use in endodontics. Indications for the use of GICs in endodontics are orthograde root canal sealing, root-end filling, repair of perforations and root resorption defects, treatment of vertical fractures and maintenance of the coronal seal. The paper includes a review on each of these indications. It is concluded that in spite of the critical handling characteristics and the inconclusive findings regarding sealing ability and antimicrobial activity, there is substantial evidence to confirm their satisfactory clinical performance. Both soft tissue and bone compatibility make them suitable for use during endodontic surgery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M A A De Bruyne
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontology, Dental School, Ghent University, Ghent University Hospital, Gent, Belgium.
| | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Chueh LH, Chen SC, Lee CM, Hsu YY, Pai SF, Kuo ML, Chen CS, Duh BR, Yang SF, Tung YL, Hsiao CK. Technical quality of root canal treatment in Taiwan. Int Endod J 2003; 36:416-22. [PMID: 12801289 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2591.2003.00672.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the current technical quality of root canal treatment (RCT) in Taiwan. METHODOLOGY A total of 1085 RCT cases, randomly selected from a large sample and representative of the Taiwanese population from April to September 2000, were evaluated by eight endodontic specialists. The qualitative evaluation of RCT cases was based on two variables: length of the root filling and density of the obturation. A root canal with both adequate filling length (the apical termination of the root filling within 2 mm of the radiographic apex) and complete obturation (no lateral or apical canal lumen visible in the apical one-third of the root canal) was defined as having good-quality endodontic work (GQEW). A tooth was defined as having a GQEW when all its canals were categorized as GQEW. RESULTS From a total of 1867 root canals, overfilling occurred in 235 (12.6%), adequate filling length in 1152 (61.7%), underfilling in 466 (25.0%) and no filling in 12 (0.6%). Of the 1867 root canals, 710 (38.0%) demonstrated complete obturation and 1157 (62%) demonstrated incomplete obturation. GQEW was found in 650 (34.8%) root canals and 329 (30.3%) teeth. The percentage of teeth with GQEW in hospital cases (38.1%) was significantly greater (P < 0.001) than that in private clinic cases (24.3%). In addition, the frequency of teeth with GQEW in the anterior teeth (40.4%) or in the premolars (33%) was significantly greater (P < 0.001) than that in the molars (18.4%). CONCLUSIONS Approximately 70% of the teeth receiving RCT in Taiwan were either of inadequate filling length or sealing density.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L-H Chueh
- Elite Dental Clinic, Shin Kong Wu Ho Su Memorial Hospital, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of the study was to identify risk indicators for apical periodontitis (AP) in the individual. A parameter was defined as a 'risk indicator' when its presence increased the individual's risk of exhibiting AP. Risk indicators may, but need not be directly associated with the disease. METHODS The study included full-mouth surveys of 613 randomly selected individuals, who were 20-60 years old and living in Aarhus County. Logistic regression analyses were performed. The outcome variable was >or=1 AP/no AP. The independent variables were obtained from information on socioeconomic and dental status. RESULTS It was found that smoking, no usage of services from the dentist, >or=2 secondary caries lesions, >or=3 inadequate coronal fillings and the presence of root filling(s) were statistically associated with AP. A separate analysis for individuals with no previous root fillings showed that individuals with regular dental visits as well as individuals who had all their teeth (third three molars excluded) were less likely to have AP, whereas individuals who had >or=3 inadequate coronal fillings were more likely to have AP. CONCLUSIONS The results from the present study of a Danish population showed that the most important risk indicator of having AP in the individual was the radiographic evidence of root fillings. The presence of several caries lesions, the quality of the dental treatment, the regularity of dental visits and smoking were also statistically associated with AP. Further, the socioeconomic status of the individual did not provide much additional information on the periapical status.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lise-Lotte Kirkevang
- Department of Oral Radiology, Royal Dental College, University of Aarhus, Denmark.
| | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Kirkevang LL, Hørsted-Bindslev P. Technical aspects of treatment in relation to treatment outcome. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1034/j.1601-1546.2002.20106.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
45
|
Eriksen HM, Kirkevang LL, Petersson K. Endodontic epidemiology and treatment outcome: general considerations. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1034/j.1601-1546.2002.20101.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
|
46
|
Petersson K, Olsson H, Söderström C, Fouilloux I, Jegat N, Lévy G. Undergraduate education in endodontology at two European dental schools. A comparison between the Faculty of Odontology, Malmö University, Malmö, Sweden and Faculty of Odontology, Paris 5 University (René Descartes), France. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF DENTAL EDUCATION : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE ASSOCIATION FOR DENTAL EDUCATION IN EUROPE 2002; 6:176-181. [PMID: 12410669 DOI: 10.1034/j.1600-0579.2002.00261.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to compare the courses in endodontics and to assess the treatment quality in the student clinics in two dental schools, in Malmö, Sweden and Paris, France. A further aim was to improve the curriculum development in Paris 5 and Malmö by testing student exchange programmes. The comparison was based on the guidelines for undergraduate education set up by the European Society of Endodontology (ESE) [Int. Endod. J. 25 (1992) 169] and on the criteria formulated by Qualtrough and Dummer [Int. Endod. J. 30 (1997) 234]. The latter criteria covered the following aspects: educational methods, the timing of endodontic teaching, pre-clinical practical exercises, student assessment, recommended literature, clinical/practical procedures, the education of the staff and number of students per teacher. The quality guidelines for endodontic treatment set up by the ESE [Int. Endod. J. 27 (1994) 115] were used for the assessment of the quality of the treatment. The following aspects were covered: history, diagnosis and treatment planning, records, infection control, root-canal treatment, assessment of endodontic treatment. The undergraduate education in endodontics was fundamentally similar in Paris 5 and Malmö. The main differences observed were related to: Educational methods: In Malmö, problem-based learning and in Paris 5, traditional. Assessment of student performance. In Malmö, self-assessment and in Paris 5, credits for clinical/practical procedures. Clinical/practical procedures relating to infection control. Aseptic treatment regimens were more meticulously performed in Malmö than in Paris 5. Assessment (follow-up) of all endodontic treatments was a routine only in Malmö.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kerstin Petersson
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Odontology, Malmö University, Malmö, Sweden
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Lupi-Pegurier L, Bertrand MF, Muller-Bolla M, Rocca JP, Bolla M. Periapical status, prevalence and quality of endodontic treatment in an adult French population. Int Endod J 2002; 35:690-7. [PMID: 12196222 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2591.2002.00547.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
AIM The aim of this study was to determine the periapical status and the quality of root-canal treatment amongst an adult population attending the dental school in Nice, France during 1998. METHODOLOGY Patients who attended the dental school for the first time during 1998 were included. Panoramic radiographs, taken by a trained radiology assistant, were used in this study. The periapical areas of all teeth with the exception of third molars, were examined and the technical quality of root fillings were evaluated for both apical extension and density. Statistical analyses were conducted using anova, Chi-square, Fisher's PLSD and Cohen's Kappa tests. RESULTS The survey involved 344 patients: 180 females and 164 males. Males had significantly fewer natural remaining teeth than females (P<0.03). Similarly, the average number of root-filled teeth was lower for males (P<0.01). Nonroot-filled teeth (n=6126) had significantly fewer signs of periapical pathology than root-filled teeth (n=1429) (1.7% vs. 31.5%, P<0.0001). The majority of root fillings were poorly executed. There was a significant correlation between the presence of periapical pathology and inadequate root-canal fillings (P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS The results of the present study indicate that many root-canal treatments were technically unsatisfactory in terms of quality and treatment outcome. There is a need for endodontic retreatment in the population examined.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L Lupi-Pegurier
- Department of Public Health, University of Nice, Sophia, Antipolis, France.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Al-Negrish ARS. Incidence and distribution of root canal treatment in the dentition among a Jordanian sub population. Int Dent J 2002; 52:125-9. [PMID: 12090261 DOI: 10.1111/j.1875-595x.2002.tb00616.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To determine and compare the incidence of endodontically treated teeth in the maxilla and mandible, and to present the frequency of endodontic treatment for each tooth in the dentition in a group of the Jordanian population; then to compare these results with previously published surveys. METHOD A total of 1,404 root canal treated teeth were examined clinically and radiographically. RESULTS Most teeth were treated in a one visit procedure (40.1%). The results showed that 77.7% of the treated teeth were in the maxilla and 22.3% were in the mandible. Posterior teeth accounted for 39.0% of all treated teeth, among which, 20.3% were molars. The most frequently treated tooth was the maxillary central incisor tooth (39.6%), with the maxillary lateral incisor second (10.1%). Furthermore, the maxillary incisors alone accounted for almost half (49.7%) of the cases. The maxillary first molar was the third most frequently treated tooth (8.2%) with the mandibular first molar at 7.5%. The lowest frequency of treatment was for mandibular lateral incisors and canines which made up only 1.1% and 1.9% respectively. CONCLUSION Comparison with previously published surveys revealed a lower percentage of molar endodontics than in other surveys.
Collapse
|
49
|
Basmadjian-Charles CL, Farge P, Bourgeois DM, Lebrun T. Factors influencing the long-term results of endodontic treatment: a review of the literature. Int Dent J 2002; 52:81-6. [PMID: 12013255 DOI: 10.1111/j.1875-595x.2002.tb00605.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this review of the literature is to examine the factors and their influence on the outcome of endodontic treatments, and also to attempt to have an authors' consensus concerning the impact of these factors on long-term results. The documentary research was conducted using the meta-analysis principles of critical reading of the literature. Two groups of factors can be identified regarding the outcome of endodontic treatments: those which influence the success of the procedure and those which do not significantly affect the success rate. Agreement is obtained in all studies on two major factors, the preoperative periapical status and the apical limit of the obturation, which appear to strongly influence the success of endodontic therapy. This review highlights the methodological problems of retrospective studies and points out the need for consensus regarding the evaluation criteria of root canal therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C L Basmadjian-Charles
- Département d'Odontologie Conservatrice et Endodontie, Faculté d'Odontologie, Lyon, France.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Boucher Y, Matossian L, Rilliard F, Machtou P. Radiographic evaluation of the prevalence and technical quality of root canal treatment in a French subpopulation. Int Endod J 2002; 35:229-38. [PMID: 11985674 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2591.2002.00469.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 158] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
AIM This study was undertaken to examine the prevalence and technical quality of root fillings and the periapical status of endodontically treated teeth in a French subpopulation. METHODOLOGY Full-mouth periapical radiographs were obtained from 208 consecutive adult patients seeking care within the dental service provided by the Hôtel-Dieu in Paris. The occurrence and technical quality of root fillings were assessed for each root according to the position and the density of the obturation. The periapical status was evaluated using the Periapical Index Scoring System. The type of coronal restoration and the presence of posts were also noted. RESULTS Of the 8743 roots included in the survey, 23% were root-filled. An acceptable standard of treatment was found in 21% of roots with 16% of these cases associated with signs of periapical disease. In roots with unacceptable root-fillings, 27% had periapical pathology. A post was seen in 26% of the root-filled canals, with 29% of these cases associated with periapical pathology. An intracoronal restoration existed in 30% of the filled roots, of which 22% exhibited a periapical lesion. An extra-coronal restoration was present in 60% of the filled roots, of which 24% had radiographic signs of periapical pathology. The remaining 10% of filled roots that had no coronal restoration were associated with periapical pathology in 33% of cases. At least one periapical lesion was seen in 63% of the patients. CONCLUSION The results demonstrate a high prevalence of root-filled teeth and poor technical quality of treatment. Roots presenting with acceptable root fillings were associated with a lower prevalence of periapical pathology (P < 0.001). Posts in roots were associated with periapical pathology significantly more than in roots without posts (P < 0.001).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y Boucher
- Unite de Formation et de Recherche (UFR) d'Odontologie de l'Université Paris 7, Service d'Odontologie de l'Hôtel Dieu, AP-HP, Paris, France.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|