1
|
Variability in the antioxidant MSRA gene affects the psychopathology of patients with anorexia nervosa. Acta Neuropsychiatr 2021; 33:307-316. [PMID: 34396949 DOI: 10.1017/neu.2021.24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The objective is to determine whether variability in the MSRA gene, related to obesity and several psychiatric conditions, may be relevant for psychopathological symptoms common in Anorexia Nervosa (AN) and/or for the susceptibility to the disorder. A total of 629 women (233 AN patients and 396 controls) were genotyped for 14 tag-SNPs. Psychometric evaluation was performed with the EDI-2 and SCL-90R questionnaires. Genetic associations were carried out by logistic regression controlling for age and adjusting for multiple comparisons (FDR method). Two tag-SNPs, rs11249969 and rs81442 (with a pairwise r2 value of 0.41), were associated with the global EDI-2 score, which measures EDI-related psychopathology (adjusted FDR-q = 0.02 and 0.04, respectively). Moreover, rs81442 significantly modulated all the scales of the SCL-90R test that evaluates general psychopathology (FDR-q values ranged from 4.1E-04 to 0.011). A sliding-window analysis using adjacent 3-SNP haplotypes revealed a proximal region of the MSRA gene spanning 187.8 Kbp whose variability deeply affected psychopathological symptoms of the AN patients. Depression was the symptom that showed the strongest association with any of the constructed haplotypes (FDR-q = 3.60E-06). No variants were found to be linked to AN risk or anthropometric parameters in patients or controls. Variability in the MSRA gene locus modulates psychopathology often presented by AN patients.
Collapse
|
2
|
Wang AA, Harrison K, Musaad S, Donovan SM, Teran-Garcia M. Genetic risk scores demonstrate the cumulative association of single nucleotide polymorphisms in gut microbiome-related genes with obesity phenotypes in preschool age children. Pediatr Obes 2019; 14:e12530. [PMID: 30972961 DOI: 10.1111/ijpo.12530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Childhood obesity is a nutrition-related disease with multiple underlying aetiologies. While genetic factors contribute to obesity, the gut microbiome is also implicated through fermentation of nondigestible polysaccharides to short-chain fatty acids (SCFA), which provide some energy to the host and are postulated to act as signalling molecules to affect expression of gut hormones. OBJECTIVE To study the cumulative association of causal, regulatory, and tagged single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within genes involved in SCFA recognition and metabolism with obesity. DESIGN Study participants were non-Hispanic White (NHW, n = 270) and non-Hispanic Black (NHB, n = 113) children (2-5 years) from the Synergistic Theory and Research on Obesity and Nutrition Group (STRONG) Kids 1 Study. SNP variables were assigned values according to the additive, dominant, or recessive inheritance models. Weighted genetic risk scores (GRS) were constructed by multiplying the reassigned values by independently generated β-coefficients or by summing the β-coefficients. Ethnicity-specific SNPs were selected for inclusion in GRS by cohort. RESULTS GRS were directly associated with body mass index (BMI) z-score. The models explained 3.75%, 12.9%, and 26.7% of the variance for NHW/NHB, NHW, and NHB (β = 0.89 [CI: 0.43-1.35], P = 0.0002; β = 0.78 [CI: 0.54-1.03], P < 0.0001; β = 0.74 [CI: 0.51-0.97], P < 0.0001). CONCLUSION This analysis supports the cumulative association of several candidate genetic variants selected for their role in SCFA signalling, transport, and metabolism with early-onset obesity. These data strengthen the concept that microbiome influences obesity development through host genes interacting with SCFA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anthony A Wang
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois
| | - Kristen Harrison
- Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Salma Musaad
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois
| | - Sharon M Donovan
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois.,Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois
| | - Margarita Teran-Garcia
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois.,Department of Human Development and Family Studies, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois
| | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Shariful Islam S, Wang C, Dong Z, Yu A, Razi F, Gupta R, Moni M. The relationship between fat mass and obesity-associated gene polymorphism and obesity among children in China: A systematic review and meta-analysis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NONCOMMUNICABLE DISEASES 2019. [DOI: 10.4103/jncd.jncd_43_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
|
4
|
The effect of copy number variations in chromosome 16p on body weight in patients with intellectual disability. J Hum Genet 2018; 64:221-231. [PMID: 30518945 DOI: 10.1038/s10038-018-0545-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2018] [Revised: 10/17/2018] [Accepted: 11/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Syndromic monogenic obesity is a rare and severe early-onset form of obesity. It is characterized by intellectual disability, congenital malformations, and/or dysmorphic facies. The diagnosis of patients is challenging due to the genetic heterogenicity of this condition. However, the use of microarray technology in combination with public databases has been successful on genotype-phenotype correlations, especially for body mass index (BMI) alteration. In this study, the relationship between copy number variations (CNVs) detected by microarray mapping on 16p region and BMI alterations in syndromic patients were assessed. In order to achieve this goal, 680 unrelated Spanish children with intellectual disability were included. 16p region was characterized by using microarray platforms. All detected variants were classified as: (I) one previously non-described 10-Mb duplication in 16p13.2p12.3 region considered causal of intellectual disability and severe overweight, and (II) eleven 16p11.2 CNVs of low prevalence but with recurrence in syndromic patients with severe BMI alteration (nine proximal and two distal). Proximal 16p11.2 CNVs have a dose-dependent effect: underweight in carriers of duplication and obesity in carriers of deletion. KCTD13 was identified as a possible candidate gene for BMI alteration on proximal syndromes, whereas SH2B1 gene was identified as candidate for distal syndromes. The results shown in this paper suggest that syndromic patients could constitute a reliable model to evaluate hypothalamic satiety and obesity disorders as well as generate a wide expectation for primary prevention of comorbidities. Furthermore, 16p13.2p12.3 showed to be an important region on the regulation of body fatness.
Collapse
|
5
|
Albuquerque D, González LM, Ferrer FG, Bruna M, Sánchez C, Benito GM, Rodríguez-López R, Manco L. Association study of six single nucleotide polymorphisms with obesity in two independent Iberian samples. Meta Gene 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mgene.2018.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
|
6
|
|
7
|
Seyednasrollah F, Mäkelä J, Pitkänen N, Juonala M, Hutri-Kähönen N, Lehtimäki T, Viikari J, Kelly T, Li C, Bazzano L, Elo LL, Raitakari OT. Prediction of Adulthood Obesity Using Genetic and Childhood Clinical Risk Factors in the Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 10:CIRCGENETICS.116.001554. [PMID: 28620069 DOI: 10.1161/circgenetics.116.001554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2016] [Accepted: 12/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity is a known risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Early prediction of obesity is essential for prevention. The aim of this study is to assess the use of childhood clinical factors and the genetic risk factors in predicting adulthood obesity using machine learning methods. METHODS AND RESULTS A total of 2262 participants from the Cardiovascular Risk in YFS (Young Finns Study) were followed up from childhood (age 3-18 years) to adulthood for 31 years. The data were divided into training (n=1625) and validation (n=637) set. The effect of known genetic risk factors (97 single-nucleotide polymorphisms) was investigated as a weighted genetic risk score of all 97 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (WGRS97) or a subset of 19 most significant single-nucleotide polymorphisms (WGRS19) using boosting machine learning technique. WGRS97 and WGRS19 were validated using external data (n=369) from BHS (Bogalusa Heart Study). WGRS19 improved the accuracy of predicting adulthood obesity in training (area under the curve [AUC=0.787 versus AUC=0.744, P<0.0001) and validation data (AUC=0.769 versus AUC=0.747, P=0.026). WGRS97 improved the accuracy in training (AUC=0.782 versus AUC=0.744, P<0.0001) but not in validation data (AUC=0.749 versus AUC=0.747, P=0.785). Higher WGRS19 associated with higher body mass index at 9 years and WGRS97 at 6 years. Replication in BHS confirmed our findings that WGRS19 and WGRS97 are associated with body mass index. CONCLUSIONS WGRS19 improves prediction of adulthood obesity. Predictive accuracy is highest among young children (3-6 years), whereas among older children (9-18 years) the risk can be identified using childhood clinical factors. The model is helpful in screening children with high risk of developing obesity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Seyednasrollah
- From the Turku Centre for Biotechnology, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Finland (F.S., J.M., L.L.E.); Department of Mathematics and Statistics (F.S.), Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine (N.P., O.T.R.), and Department of Medicine (M.J., J.V.), University of Turku, Finland; Division of Medicine (M.J., J.V.) and Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine (O.T.R.), Turku University Hospital, Finland; Department of Pediatrics (N.H.-K.) and School of Medicine (T.L.), University of Tampere, Finland; Tampere University Hospital, Finland (N.H.-K.); Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland (T.L.); Tulane University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA (T.K., L.B.); and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, University of Georgia, Athens (C.L.)
| | - Johanna Mäkelä
- From the Turku Centre for Biotechnology, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Finland (F.S., J.M., L.L.E.); Department of Mathematics and Statistics (F.S.), Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine (N.P., O.T.R.), and Department of Medicine (M.J., J.V.), University of Turku, Finland; Division of Medicine (M.J., J.V.) and Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine (O.T.R.), Turku University Hospital, Finland; Department of Pediatrics (N.H.-K.) and School of Medicine (T.L.), University of Tampere, Finland; Tampere University Hospital, Finland (N.H.-K.); Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland (T.L.); Tulane University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA (T.K., L.B.); and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, University of Georgia, Athens (C.L.).
| | - Niina Pitkänen
- From the Turku Centre for Biotechnology, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Finland (F.S., J.M., L.L.E.); Department of Mathematics and Statistics (F.S.), Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine (N.P., O.T.R.), and Department of Medicine (M.J., J.V.), University of Turku, Finland; Division of Medicine (M.J., J.V.) and Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine (O.T.R.), Turku University Hospital, Finland; Department of Pediatrics (N.H.-K.) and School of Medicine (T.L.), University of Tampere, Finland; Tampere University Hospital, Finland (N.H.-K.); Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland (T.L.); Tulane University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA (T.K., L.B.); and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, University of Georgia, Athens (C.L.)
| | - Markus Juonala
- From the Turku Centre for Biotechnology, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Finland (F.S., J.M., L.L.E.); Department of Mathematics and Statistics (F.S.), Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine (N.P., O.T.R.), and Department of Medicine (M.J., J.V.), University of Turku, Finland; Division of Medicine (M.J., J.V.) and Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine (O.T.R.), Turku University Hospital, Finland; Department of Pediatrics (N.H.-K.) and School of Medicine (T.L.), University of Tampere, Finland; Tampere University Hospital, Finland (N.H.-K.); Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland (T.L.); Tulane University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA (T.K., L.B.); and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, University of Georgia, Athens (C.L.)
| | - Nina Hutri-Kähönen
- From the Turku Centre for Biotechnology, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Finland (F.S., J.M., L.L.E.); Department of Mathematics and Statistics (F.S.), Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine (N.P., O.T.R.), and Department of Medicine (M.J., J.V.), University of Turku, Finland; Division of Medicine (M.J., J.V.) and Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine (O.T.R.), Turku University Hospital, Finland; Department of Pediatrics (N.H.-K.) and School of Medicine (T.L.), University of Tampere, Finland; Tampere University Hospital, Finland (N.H.-K.); Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland (T.L.); Tulane University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA (T.K., L.B.); and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, University of Georgia, Athens (C.L.)
| | - Terho Lehtimäki
- From the Turku Centre for Biotechnology, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Finland (F.S., J.M., L.L.E.); Department of Mathematics and Statistics (F.S.), Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine (N.P., O.T.R.), and Department of Medicine (M.J., J.V.), University of Turku, Finland; Division of Medicine (M.J., J.V.) and Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine (O.T.R.), Turku University Hospital, Finland; Department of Pediatrics (N.H.-K.) and School of Medicine (T.L.), University of Tampere, Finland; Tampere University Hospital, Finland (N.H.-K.); Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland (T.L.); Tulane University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA (T.K., L.B.); and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, University of Georgia, Athens (C.L.)
| | - Jorma Viikari
- From the Turku Centre for Biotechnology, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Finland (F.S., J.M., L.L.E.); Department of Mathematics and Statistics (F.S.), Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine (N.P., O.T.R.), and Department of Medicine (M.J., J.V.), University of Turku, Finland; Division of Medicine (M.J., J.V.) and Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine (O.T.R.), Turku University Hospital, Finland; Department of Pediatrics (N.H.-K.) and School of Medicine (T.L.), University of Tampere, Finland; Tampere University Hospital, Finland (N.H.-K.); Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland (T.L.); Tulane University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA (T.K., L.B.); and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, University of Georgia, Athens (C.L.)
| | - Tanika Kelly
- From the Turku Centre for Biotechnology, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Finland (F.S., J.M., L.L.E.); Department of Mathematics and Statistics (F.S.), Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine (N.P., O.T.R.), and Department of Medicine (M.J., J.V.), University of Turku, Finland; Division of Medicine (M.J., J.V.) and Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine (O.T.R.), Turku University Hospital, Finland; Department of Pediatrics (N.H.-K.) and School of Medicine (T.L.), University of Tampere, Finland; Tampere University Hospital, Finland (N.H.-K.); Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland (T.L.); Tulane University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA (T.K., L.B.); and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, University of Georgia, Athens (C.L.)
| | - Changwei Li
- From the Turku Centre for Biotechnology, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Finland (F.S., J.M., L.L.E.); Department of Mathematics and Statistics (F.S.), Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine (N.P., O.T.R.), and Department of Medicine (M.J., J.V.), University of Turku, Finland; Division of Medicine (M.J., J.V.) and Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine (O.T.R.), Turku University Hospital, Finland; Department of Pediatrics (N.H.-K.) and School of Medicine (T.L.), University of Tampere, Finland; Tampere University Hospital, Finland (N.H.-K.); Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland (T.L.); Tulane University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA (T.K., L.B.); and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, University of Georgia, Athens (C.L.)
| | - Lydia Bazzano
- From the Turku Centre for Biotechnology, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Finland (F.S., J.M., L.L.E.); Department of Mathematics and Statistics (F.S.), Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine (N.P., O.T.R.), and Department of Medicine (M.J., J.V.), University of Turku, Finland; Division of Medicine (M.J., J.V.) and Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine (O.T.R.), Turku University Hospital, Finland; Department of Pediatrics (N.H.-K.) and School of Medicine (T.L.), University of Tampere, Finland; Tampere University Hospital, Finland (N.H.-K.); Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland (T.L.); Tulane University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA (T.K., L.B.); and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, University of Georgia, Athens (C.L.)
| | - Laura L Elo
- From the Turku Centre for Biotechnology, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Finland (F.S., J.M., L.L.E.); Department of Mathematics and Statistics (F.S.), Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine (N.P., O.T.R.), and Department of Medicine (M.J., J.V.), University of Turku, Finland; Division of Medicine (M.J., J.V.) and Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine (O.T.R.), Turku University Hospital, Finland; Department of Pediatrics (N.H.-K.) and School of Medicine (T.L.), University of Tampere, Finland; Tampere University Hospital, Finland (N.H.-K.); Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland (T.L.); Tulane University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA (T.K., L.B.); and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, University of Georgia, Athens (C.L.)
| | - Olli T Raitakari
- From the Turku Centre for Biotechnology, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Finland (F.S., J.M., L.L.E.); Department of Mathematics and Statistics (F.S.), Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine (N.P., O.T.R.), and Department of Medicine (M.J., J.V.), University of Turku, Finland; Division of Medicine (M.J., J.V.) and Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine (O.T.R.), Turku University Hospital, Finland; Department of Pediatrics (N.H.-K.) and School of Medicine (T.L.), University of Tampere, Finland; Tampere University Hospital, Finland (N.H.-K.); Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland (T.L.); Tulane University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA (T.K., L.B.); and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, University of Georgia, Athens (C.L.)
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Dorajoo R, Ong RTH, Sim X, Wang L, Liu W, Tai ES, Liu J, Saw SM. The contribution of recently identified adult BMI risk loci to paediatric obesity in a Singaporean Chinese childhood dataset. Pediatr Obes 2017; 12:e46-e50. [PMID: 27780307 DOI: 10.1111/ijpo.12175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2016] [Revised: 07/01/2016] [Accepted: 07/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Recent genome-wide association studies have identified 103 adult obesity risk loci; however, it is unclear if these findings are relevant to East-Asian childhood body mass index (BMI) levels. METHODS AND RESULTS We evaluated for paediatric obesity associations at these risk loci utilizing genome-wide data from Chinese childhood subjects in the Singapore Cohort study Of the Risk factors for Myopia study (N = 1006). A weighted gene-risk score of all adult obesity risk loci in the Singapore Cohort study Of the Risk factors for Myopia study showed strong associations with BMI at age 9 (p-value = 3.40 × 10-12 ) and 4-year average BMI (age 9 to 12, p-value = 6.67 × 10-8 ). Directionally consistent nominal associations for 15 index single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (p-value < 0.05) were observed. Pathway analysis with genes from these 15 replicating loci revealed over-representation for the G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR)-mediated integration of entero-endocrine signalling pathway exemplified by L-cell (adjusted p-value = 0.018). Evaluations of birth weight to modify the effects of BMI risk SNPs in paediatric obesity did not reveal significant interactions, and these SNPs were generally not associated with birth weight. CONCLUSIONS At least some common adult BMI risk variants predispose to paediatric obesity risk in East-Asians.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R Dorajoo
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | - R T-H Ong
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - X Sim
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - L Wang
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | - W Liu
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | - E S Tai
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore.,Duke-National University of Singapore Graduate Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - J Liu
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore.,Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore.,Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
| | - S-M Saw
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore.,Duke-National University of Singapore Graduate Medical School, Singapore, Singapore.,Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Meng Y, Groth SW, Stewart P, Smith JA. An Exploration of the Determinants of Gestational Weight Gain in African American Women: Genetic Factors and Energy Expenditure. Biol Res Nurs 2017; 20:118-125. [PMID: 29161908 DOI: 10.1177/1099800417743326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Excessive gestational weight gain (GWG) has a long-term impact on women's body weight and contributes to the development of obesity in the mother and her child. Many risk factors for GWG have been identified, but to date, only 6-33.8% of the variance in GWG has been explained. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the overall variance of GWG that can be explained by including weight-adjusted resting metabolic rate (aRMR) and a genetic risk score constructed on obesity-related genes in addition to sociodemographic and lifestyle factors. METHODS In this observational study involving 55 African American women, data collected/measured during pregnancy included sociodemographic factors, medical information, lifestyle factors, aRMR, and seven obesity-related genes. Multivariable linear regression was performed to evaluate the variance in GWG explained by the potential risk factors listed above. RESULTS The mean GWG was 15 kg (±7.5 kg), and 63.6% of women gained more than the Institute of Medicine's GWG recommendations. The final regression model explained 53.3% of the variance in GWG. Higher genetic risk score, lower aRMR, and higher dietary intake of total energy and percentage of fat were significantly associated with increased GWG ( p < .05). These factors explained 18% additional variance in GWG over that explained by significant sociodemographic and lifestyle factors in the analysis (i.e., maternal age, prepregnancy body mass index, parity, illegal drug use, and education). CONCLUSION Overall, our results indicate that the genetic risk score, aRMR, and dietary intake have a substantial impact on GWG in African American women.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Meng
- 1 Clinical and Translational Science Institute, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA.,2 School of Nursing, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Susan W Groth
- 2 School of Nursing, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Patricia Stewart
- 3 Department of Pediatrics, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Joyce A Smith
- 2 School of Nursing, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Zhao H, Wilkinson A, Shen J, Wu X, Chow WH. Genetic polymorphisms in genes related to risk-taking behaviours predicting body mass index trajectory among Mexican American adolescents. Pediatr Obes 2017; 12:356-362. [PMID: 27228958 PMCID: PMC5319917 DOI: 10.1111/ijpo.12151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2016] [Revised: 04/08/2016] [Accepted: 04/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Obesity is associated with multiple health problems and often originates in childhood. The purpose is to investigate the associations of genetic polymorphisms in genes related to risk-taking behaviours with body mass index (BMI) trajectory over adolescence among Mexican Americans. METHODS This study included 1229 Mexican American adolescents who participated in a large population-based cohort study in Houston, Texas. BMI data were obtained at baseline and two follow-ups. The median follow-up time was 59 months. Participants were genotyped for 672 functional and tagging variants in genes involved in the dopamine, serotonin and cannabinoid pathways. RESULTS After adjusting for multiple comparisons, three genetic variants, namely, rs933271 and rs4646310 in COMT gene, and rs9567733 in HTR2A gene were significantly associated with BMI growth over adolescence. Using those three variants, we created an allelic score, and the allelic score was associated with BMI growth over adolescence (P < 0.001). With the increase number of variant allele, the rate of BMI growth over adolescence was slower. Finally, we identified another two genetic variants, namely, rs17069005 in HTR2A gene and rs3776511 in SLC6A3A gene were associated with obesity at last follow-up. CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that genetic variants in selected genes involved in dopamine and serotonin pathways have noticeable effects on BMI over adolescence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hua Zhao
- Departments of Epidemiology, the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas,Request for reprints: Hua Zhao, Department of Epidemiology, the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1155 Pressler Street, Houston, TX 77030 Phone: 713-745-7597; Fax: 713-794-1964;
| | - Anna Wilkinson
- Michael and Susan Dell Center for Healthy Living, University of Texas School of Public Health, Austin Regional Campus, Austin, Texas
| | - Jie Shen
- Departments of Epidemiology, the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Xifeng Wu
- Departments of Epidemiology, the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Wong-Ho Chow
- Departments of Epidemiology, the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Albuquerque D, Manco L, González LM, Gervasini G, Benito GM, González JR, Rodríguez-López R. Polymorphisms in the SNRPN gene are associated with obesity susceptibility in a Spanish population. J Gene Med 2017; 19. [PMID: 28387446 DOI: 10.1002/jgm.2956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2017] [Revised: 03/15/2017] [Accepted: 04/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND SNRPN, which codes for the RNA-binding SmN protein, is a candidate gene for Prader-Willi syndrome. One characteristic of this neuroendocrine disorder is hyperphagia resulting in extreme obesity later in life. In the present study, we aimed to assess whether variability within this gene could be implicated in obesity susceptibility. METHODS A case-control study was performed including 265 unrelated patients with nonsyndromic and early-onset severe obesity, belonging to high-risk obesity families from Spanish ancestry; 184 healthy control individuals were included representative of the same genetic background and sex-matched. Forty-nine single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) spanning the entire SNRPN gene were selected and genotyped using the Sequenom MassARRAY platform (Sequenom Inc., San Diego, CA, USA). RESULTS The four SNPs, rs12905653, rs752874, rs1391516 and rs2047433, were found to be nominally associated with obesity (p < 0.03). The diversity haplotype distribution among cases and controls identified the combination rs12905653-T/rs8028366-A/rs4028395-T as being strongly and inversely associated with obesity (odds ratio = 0.49; p = 0.0006). A genetic risk score was built based on rs12905653, rs1391516 and rs2047433 SNPs and each unit increase in genetic risk score increased the obesity risk by 49% (odds ratio = 1.49, 95% confidence interval = 1.24-1.80). CONCLUSIONS To our knowledge, this is the first study reporting an association between variability in the SNRPN gene and the risk of being obese. Interestingly, it was the major allele of each SNP that was found to be associated with the risk of weight gain. Further studies analyzing this locus and the possible additive deleterious capability of SNP combinations could be useful for demonstrating the development of obesity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David Albuquerque
- Research Center for Anthropology and Health (CIAS), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Genomics Group, Fundación Investigación Hospital General Universitario de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Licínio Manco
- Research Center for Anthropology and Health (CIAS), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Luz M González
- Genomics Group, Fundación Investigación Hospital General Universitario de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Guillermo Gervasini
- Department of Medical & Surgical Therapeutics, Division of Pharmacology, Medical School, University of Extremadura, Badajoz, Spain
| | - Goitzane Marcaida Benito
- Genomics Group, Fundación Investigación Hospital General Universitario de Valencia, Valencia, Spain.,Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Clinical Analysis Service, Hospital Universitario General de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Juan R González
- ISGlobal, Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Barcelona, Spain.,CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain.,Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Raquel Rodríguez-López
- Genomics Group, Fundación Investigación Hospital General Universitario de Valencia, Valencia, Spain.,Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Clinical Analysis Service, Hospital Universitario General de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Mansego ML, Garcia-Lacarte M, Milagro FI, Marti A, Martinez JA. DNA methylation of miRNA coding sequences putatively associated with childhood obesity. Pediatr Obes 2017; 12:19-27. [PMID: 26780939 DOI: 10.1111/ijpo.12101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2015] [Revised: 12/04/2015] [Accepted: 12/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epigenetic mechanisms may be involved in obesity onset and its consequences. The aim of the present study was to evaluate whether DNA methylation status in microRNA (miRNA) coding regions is associated with childhood obesity. MATERIAL AND METHODS DNA isolated from white blood cells of 24 children (identification sample: 12 obese and 12 non-obese) from the Grupo Navarro de Obesidad Infantil study was hybridized in a 450 K methylation microarray. Several CpGs whose DNA methylation levels were statistically different between obese and non-obese were validated by MassArray® in 95 children (validation sample) from the same study. RESULTS Microarray analysis identified 16 differentially methylated CpGs between both groups (6 hypermethylated and 10 hypomethylated). DNA methylation levels in miR-1203, miR-412 and miR-216A coding regions significantly correlated with body mass index standard deviation score (BMI-SDS) and explained up to 40% of the variation of BMI-SDS. The network analysis identified 19 well-defined obesity-relevant biological pathways from the KEGG database. MassArray® validation identified three regions located in or near miR-1203, miR-412 and miR-216A coding regions differentially methylated between obese and non-obese children. CONCLUSIONS The current work identified three CpG sites located in coding regions of three miRNAs (miR-1203, miR-412 and miR-216A) that were differentially methylated between obese and non-obese children, suggesting a role of miRNA epigenetic regulation in childhood obesity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M L Mansego
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Nutrition Research Center, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,CIBERobn, Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición, Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain
| | - M Garcia-Lacarte
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Nutrition Research Center, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - F I Milagro
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Nutrition Research Center, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,CIBERobn, Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición, Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain
| | - A Marti
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,CIBERobn, Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición, Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain.,IdiSNA, Navarra's Health Research Institute, Pamplona, Spain
| | - J A Martinez
- Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Nutrition Research Center, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,CIBERobn, Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición, Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain.,IdiSNA, Navarra's Health Research Institute, Pamplona, Spain
| | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Aris IM, Tint MT, Teh AL, Holbrook JD, Quah PL, Chong MF, Lin X, Soh SE, Saw S, Kwek K, Godfrey KM, Gluckman PD, Chong YS, Lek N, Yap F, Lee YS. MC3R gene polymorphisms are associated with early childhood adiposity gain and infant appetite in an Asian population. Pediatr Obes 2016; 11:450-458. [PMID: 26663875 PMCID: PMC5111755 DOI: 10.1111/ijpo.12086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2015] [Revised: 10/17/2015] [Accepted: 10/24/2015] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polymorphic variants within human melanocortin-3 receptor gene (MC3R) gene have been associated with obesity. However, its influence on infancy and early childhood adiposity has not been reported before. OBJECTIVES We assessed associations between genotype at polymorphic sites within MC3R with early childhood adiposity and interaction with early childhood appetitive traits. METHODS We studied 1090 singletons in an Asian mother-offspring cohort genotyped for MC3R and in a subgroup (n = 422) who had completed Child Eating Behaviour Questionnaires (CEBQ) at 12 months. Children were followed from birth to 48 months, and up to 10 measurements of body mass index and five measures of triceps and subscapular skin-folds were obtained. RESULTS Independent of potential confounders, each additional MC3R minor allele copy was associated with greater body mass index standard deviation score [B{95% confidence interval}: 0.004 units/month {0.001,0.007}; p = 0.007], triceps [0.009 mm/month {0.001,0.02}; p = 0.021] and subscapular skin-fold [0.008 mm/month {0.002,0.01}; p = 0.011] gain velocity in the first 48 months. Each additional MC3R minor allele copy was also associated with increased odds of overweight [odds ratio {95% confidence interval}: 1.48{1.17-1.88}] and obesity [1.58{1.10-2.28}] in the first 48 months. Every additional copy of MC3R minor allele was positively associated with 'slowness-in-eating' appetitive trait [0.24{0.06,0.39}, p = 0.006]; however, the relationship between 'slowness-in-eating' with adiposity gain was not statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS Our findings support the role of MC3R genetic variants in adiposity gain during early childhood.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- I. M. Aris
- Singapore Institute for Clinical SciencesAgency for Science, Technology and ResearchSingapore
- Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingapore
| | - M. T. Tint
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingapore
| | - A. L. Teh
- Singapore Institute for Clinical SciencesAgency for Science, Technology and ResearchSingapore
| | - J. D. Holbrook
- Singapore Institute for Clinical SciencesAgency for Science, Technology and ResearchSingapore
| | - P. L. Quah
- Singapore Institute for Clinical SciencesAgency for Science, Technology and ResearchSingapore
| | - M. F.‐F. Chong
- Singapore Institute for Clinical SciencesAgency for Science, Technology and ResearchSingapore
- Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingapore
| | - X. Lin
- Singapore Institute for Clinical SciencesAgency for Science, Technology and ResearchSingapore
| | - S. E. Soh
- Singapore Institute for Clinical SciencesAgency for Science, Technology and ResearchSingapore
- Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingapore
| | - S.‐M. Saw
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public HealthNational University of SingaporeSingapore
| | - K. Kwek
- Department of Maternal Fetal MedicineKK Women's and Children's HospitalSingapore
| | - K. M. Godfrey
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit and NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research CentreUniversity of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation TrustSouthamptonUK
| | - P. D. Gluckman
- Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingapore
- Liggins InstituteUniversity of AucklandAucklandNew Zealand
| | - Y. S. Chong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingapore
| | - N. Lek
- Department of PaediatricsKK Women's and Children's HospitalSingapore
| | - F. Yap
- Department of PaediatricsKK Women's and Children's HospitalSingapore
| | - Y. S. Lee
- Singapore Institute for Clinical SciencesAgency for Science, Technology and ResearchSingapore
- Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingapore
- Khoo Teck Puat‐National University Children's Medical InstituteNational University Health SystemSingapore
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Mäkelä J, Lagström H, Pitkänen N, Kuulasmaa T, Kaljonen A, Laakso M, Niinikoski H. Genetic risk clustering increases children's body weight at 2 years of age - the STEPS Study. Pediatr Obes 2016; 11:459-467. [PMID: 26663901 DOI: 10.1111/ijpo.12087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2015] [Revised: 10/20/2015] [Accepted: 10/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genetic determinants have an impact on adult weight but the association between genetic determinants and weight at young age is still poorly understood. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to examine the association between genetic risk scores and early growth from birth to 2 years of age. METHODS Genetic risk scores of 83 adiposity-related or obesity-related single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (genetic risk score [GRS]83) were calculated for 1278 children. Specific phenotype score for 16 weight-related SNPs (weightGRS) was calculated. Anthropometric data were obtained at birth, 13 months and 2 years of age. RESULTS The GRS83 was associated with weight at 13 months (β = 0.080, P = 0.015) and 2 years (β = 0.080, P = 0.017) of age and with weight gain from birth to 13 months (β = 0.069, P = 0.036) and to 2 years of age (β = 0.074, P = 0.028). At 2 years of age, the GRS83 was also associated with weight for height (β = 0.065, P = 0.046), weight-for-height standard deviation score (SDS) (β = 0.074, P = 0.022) and body mass index SDS (β = 0.068, P = 0.045). WeightGRS was associated with higher body weight at 13 months (β = 0.081, P = 0.014) and 2 years of age (β = 0.086, P = 0.011). The genetic effect on weight varied from 0.69 to 1.89 kg at 2 years of age according to number of risk alleles. Children with high genetic risk for adiposity were heavier than children with low genetic risk at 2 years of age (12.8 vs. 13.4 kg, P = 0.017). CONCLUSION The GRS 83 revealed increased genetic risk for higher weight in children already at 13 months and 2 years of age, which may result in increased obesity risk later in life.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Mäkelä
- Turku Institute for Child and Youth Research, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,Turku Centre for Biotechnology, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - H Lagström
- Turku Institute for Child and Youth Research, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - N Pitkänen
- Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - T Kuulasmaa
- Institute of Clinical Medicine/Internal Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - A Kaljonen
- Turku Institute for Child and Youth Research, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - M Laakso
- Institute of Clinical Medicine/Internal Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,Institute of Clinical Medicine/Internal Medicine, University of Eastern Finland and Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - H Niinikoski
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,Department of Physiology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Codoñer-Franch P, Carrasco-Luna J, Allepuz P, Codoñer-Alejos A, Guillem V. Association of RBP4 genetic variants with childhood obesity and cardiovascular risk factors. Pediatr Diabetes 2016; 17:576-583. [PMID: 26611784 DOI: 10.1111/pedi.12339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2015] [Revised: 10/12/2015] [Accepted: 10/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent data suggest that retinol-binding protein 4 (RBP4) gene variants could be associated with a risk of obesity and its co-morbidities, such as metabolic syndrome, which increases the risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease. OBJECTIVES The present study examined the potential association of RBP4 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with childhood obesity and its metabolic complications. METHODS Four RBP4 SNPs, rs3758538 (3944A>C), rs3758539 (4406G>A), rs12265684 (12177G>C) and rs34571439 (14684T>G), were genotyped in a population of 180 Spanish Caucasian children (97 obese and 83 normal-weight children). Association of RBP4 SNPs with obesity, metabolic risk factors (blood pressure, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, insulin resistance) and markers of vascular inflammation, such as high-sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), was tested. RESULTS We found SNP rs3758538 to be associated with obesity (p = 0.007). Specifically, each copy of the minor allele C was associated with an increased risk of obesity, by more than twofold, in respect of being homozygous for the major allele A (odds ratio = 2.4; 95% confidence interval = 1.2-4.8). The rs3758538 and rs34571439 RBP4 SNPs correlated with plasma RBP4 levels. The SNPs rs12265684 and rs34571439 correlated with plasma triglyceride levels. The rs34571439 was also associated to hs-CRP levels. Marginal association of RBP4 SNPs with plasma high-density lipoprotein levels (rs34571439), blood pressure (rs12265684) and insulin resistance (rs3758539) was also observed. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that childhood obesity may be associated with variations in RBP4 gene. The presence of selective SNPs in the RBP4 gene may account for metabolic complications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pilar Codoñer-Franch
- Department of Pediatrics, Dr. Peset University Hospital, Valencia, Spain. .,Department of Pediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.
| | - Joaquín Carrasco-Luna
- Department of Pediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.,Department of Experimental Sciences, Universidad Católica de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Paula Allepuz
- Department of Pediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Alan Codoñer-Alejos
- Department of Pediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Vicent Guillem
- Hematology and Medical Oncology Department, Medical Research Institute INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Łuczyński W, Głowińska-Olszewska B, Bossowski A. The influence of clinical and genetic factors on the development of obesity in children with type 1 diabetes. Diabetes Metab Res Rev 2016; 32:666-671. [PMID: 26945930 DOI: 10.1002/dmrr.2797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2015] [Revised: 01/22/2016] [Accepted: 02/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
The exact cause of the obesity epidemic remains unknown; however, both environmental and genetic factors are involved. People at risk of developing obesity include children with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), which in turn increases their cardiovascular disease risk. Here, we discuss the clinical and genetic factors influencing weight in patients with T1DM. In children with T1DM, the presence of obesity depends mainly on sex, metabolic control, and disease duration. However, genetic factors, including the fat mass and obesity-associated (FTO) gene, are also associated with body weight. Indeed, children with the FTO gene rs9939609 obesity-risk allele (homozygous = AA or heterozygous = AT) are predisposed to a higher body mass index and have a greater risk of being overweight or obese. However, in this review, we show that FTO gene polymorphisms only have a small effect on body weight in children, much weaker than the effect of clinical factors. The association between FTO gene polymorphisms and body weight is only statistically significant in children without severe obesity. Moreover, other genetic factors had no effect on weight in patients with T1DM, and further research involving larger populations is required to confirm the genetic basis of diabetes and obesity. Therefore, identifying the clinical features of children with T1DM, such as their initial body mass index, sex, metabolic control, and disease duration, will still have the strongest effect on reducing risk factors for cardiovascular diseases. Physicians should pay close attention to modifiable elements of these relationships, for example, metabolic control and energy and insulin intake, when caring for patients with T1DM. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Włodzimierz Łuczyński
- Department of Pediatrics, Endocrinology, Diabetology with Cardiology Division, Medical University of Białystok, Bialystok, Poland.
| | - Barbara Głowińska-Olszewska
- Department of Pediatrics, Endocrinology, Diabetology with Cardiology Division, Medical University of Białystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Artur Bossowski
- Department of Pediatrics, Endocrinology, Diabetology with Cardiology Division, Medical University of Białystok, Bialystok, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Gardner KR, Sapienza C, Fisher JO. Genetic and epigenetic associations to obesity-related appetite phenotypes among African-American children. Pediatr Obes 2015; 10:476-82. [PMID: 25779370 DOI: 10.1111/ijpo.12010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2014] [Revised: 11/02/2014] [Accepted: 12/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genetic and epigenetic variations may be an important contributer to altered eating behaviors in childhood which may lead to weight gain and obesity later in life. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to evaluate epigenetic as well as genetic associations with appetite in young children. SUBJECTS AND METHODS Participants were 32 non-obese and 32 obese African-American children aged 5-6 years. Saliva was collected from each child, and RNA and DNA were extracted for analysis. Individuals were genotyped for eating- and obesity-associated single nucleotide polymorphisms in seven candidate genes (FTO, MAOA, SH2B1, LEPR, DNMT3B, BDNF and CCKAR), and DNA methylation levels were measured in the upstream promoter region of each. Transcript levels of MAOA and FTO were also assessed. The Children's Eating Behavior Questionnaire (CEBQ) was used to assess the aspects of appetite. Child obesity was assessed using measured height and weight, and percent body fat was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. RESULTS Food responsiveness was higher and satiety responsiveness was lower among obese than non-obese female children (P = 0.001 and P = 0.031), but did not differ among male children. Epigenetic analysis of the BDNF promoter revealed associations with altered satiety responsiveness among female children (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION The findings provide new evidence of epigenetic associations with altered appetite among young African-American girls.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K R Gardner
- Fels Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Biology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - C Sapienza
- Fels Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Biology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - J O Fisher
- Department of Public Health, Center for Obesity Research and Education, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Hernandez-Ferrer C, Quintela Garcia I, Danielski K, Carracedo Á, Pérez-Jurado LA, González JR. affy2sv: an R package to pre-process Affymetrix CytoScan HD and 750K arrays for SNP, CNV, inversion and mosaicism calling. BMC Bioinformatics 2015; 16:167. [PMID: 25991004 PMCID: PMC4438530 DOI: 10.1186/s12859-015-0608-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2014] [Accepted: 04/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The well-known Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS) had led to many scientific discoveries using SNP data. Even so, they were not able to explain the full heritability of complex diseases. Now, other structural variants like copy number variants or DNA inversions, either germ-line or in mosaicism events, are being studies. We present the R package affy2sv to pre-process Affymetrix CytoScan HD/750k array (also for Genome-Wide SNP 5.0/6.0 and Axiom) in structural variant studies. Results We illustrate the capabilities of affy2sv using two different complete pipelines on real data. The first one performing a GWAS and a mosaic alterations detection study, and the other detecting CNVs and performing an inversion calling. Conclusion Both examples presented in the article show up how affy2sv can be used as part of more complex pipelines aimed to analyze Affymetrix SNP arrays data in genetic association studies, where different types of structural variants are considered. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12859-015-0608-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carles Hernandez-Ferrer
- Center for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Doctor Aiguader 88, 08003, Barcelona, Spain. .,Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain. .,CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.
| | - Ines Quintela Garcia
- Grupo de Medicina Xenómica - Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain. .,Centro Nacional de Genotipado - Instituto Carlos III, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
| | | | - Ángel Carracedo
- Grupo de Medicina Xenómica - Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain. .,CIBER Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain. .,Fundación Pública Galega de Medicina Xenómica (SERGAS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain. .,King Abdulaziz University, Center of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Luis A Pérez-Jurado
- CIBER Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Madrid, Spain. .,Departament de Ciències Experimentals i de la Salut, Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain. .,IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Juan R González
- Center for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Doctor Aiguader 88, 08003, Barcelona, Spain. .,Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain. .,CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Fulford AJ, Ong KK, Elks CE, Prentice AM, Hennig BJ. Progressive influence of body mass index-associated genetic markers in rural Gambians. J Med Genet 2015; 52:375-80. [PMID: 25921383 PMCID: PMC4453496 DOI: 10.1136/jmedgenet-2014-102784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2014] [Accepted: 12/13/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Background In populations of European ancestry, the genetic contribution to body mass index (BMI) increases with age during childhood but then declines during adulthood, possibly due to the cumulative effects of environmental factors. How the effects of genetic factors on BMI change with age in other populations is unknown. Subjects and methods In a rural Gambian population (N=2535), we used a combined allele risk score, comprising genotypes at 28 ‘Caucasian adult BMI-associated’ single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), as a marker of the genetic influence on body composition, and related this to internally-standardised z-scores for birthweight (zBW), weight-for-height (zWT-HT), weight-for-age (zWT), height-for-age (zHT), and zBMI cross-sectionally and longitudinally. Results Cross-sectionally, the genetic score was positively associated with adult zWT (0.018±0.009 per allele, p=0.034, N=1426) and zWT-HT (0.025±0.009, p=0.006), but not with size at birth or childhood zWT-HT (0.008±0.005, p=0.11, N=2211). The effect of the genetic score on zWT-HT strengthened linearly with age from birth through to late adulthood (age interaction term: 0.0083 z-scores/allele/year; 95% CI 0.0048 to 0.0118, p=0.0000032). Conclusions Genetic variants for obesity in populations of European ancestry have direct relevance to bodyweight in nutritionally deprived African settings. In such settings, genetic obesity susceptibility appears to regulate change in weight status throughout the life course, which provides insight into its potential physiological role.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anthony J Fulford
- MRC International Nutrition Group at LSHTM, UK & MRC Unit, The Gambia; Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London, UK
| | - Ken K Ong
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, School of Clinical Medicine, Box 285 Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Cathy E Elks
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, School of Clinical Medicine, Box 285 Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Andrew M Prentice
- MRC International Nutrition Group at LSHTM, UK & MRC Unit, The Gambia; Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London, UK
| | - Branwen J Hennig
- MRC International Nutrition Group at LSHTM, UK & MRC Unit, The Gambia; Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Albuquerque D, Stice E, Rodríguez-López R, Manco L, Nóbrega C. Current review of genetics of human obesity: from molecular mechanisms to an evolutionary perspective. Mol Genet Genomics 2015; 290:1191-221. [DOI: 10.1007/s00438-015-1015-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2014] [Accepted: 02/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
|
21
|
Rui L. SH2B1 regulation of energy balance, body weight, and glucose metabolism. World J Diabetes 2014; 5:511-526. [PMID: 25126397 PMCID: PMC4127586 DOI: 10.4239/wjd.v5.i4.511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2013] [Revised: 03/06/2014] [Accepted: 06/03/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The Src homology 2B (SH2B) family members (SH2B1, SH2B2 and SH2B3) are adaptor signaling proteins containing characteristic SH2 and PH domains. SH2B1 (also called SH2-B and PSM) and SH2B2 (also called APS) are able to form homo- or hetero-dimers via their N-terminal dimerization domains. Their C-terminal SH2 domains bind to tyrosyl phosphorylated proteins, including Janus kinase 2 (JAK2), TrkA, insulin receptors, insulin-like growth factor-1 receptors, insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS1), and IRS2. SH2B1 enhances leptin signaling by both stimulating JAK2 activity and assembling a JAK2/IRS1/2 signaling complex. SH2B1 promotes insulin signaling by both enhancing insulin receptor catalytic activity and protecting against dephosphorylation of IRS proteins. Accordingly, genetic deletion of SH2B1 results in severe leptin resistance, insulin resistance, hyperphagia, obesity, and type 2 diabetes in mice. Neuron-specific overexpression of SH2B1β transgenes protects against diet-induced obesity and insulin resistance. SH2B1 in pancreatic β cells promotes β cell expansion and insulin secretion to counteract insulin resistance in obesity. Moreover, numerous SH2B1 mutations are genetically linked to leptin resistance, insulin resistance, obesity, and type 2 diabetes in humans. Unlike SH2B1, SH2B2 and SH2B3 are not required for the maintenance of normal energy and glucose homeostasis. The metabolic function of the SH2B family is conserved from insects to humans.
Collapse
|