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Ning M, Li X, Chen Z, Yang J, Yu Q, Huang C, Chen Y, Tian Y, Li YM, Xiao S. Protocol of the Nurses' Mental Health Study (NMHS): a nationwide hospital multicentre prospective cohort study. BMJ Open 2025; 15:e087507. [PMID: 39933813 PMCID: PMC11815406 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2024-087507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2025] [Indexed: 02/13/2025] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Due to high workload, shift work and shortage of human resources, nurses are vulnerable to various mental health problems which are significantly related to their physical health, patient safety and healthcare quality. The long-term monitoring of nurses' mental health and identifying its risk factors are necessary. Accounting for more than one-fifth of global nurses, Chinese nurses have a demanding healthcare workload, especially in tertiary hospitals, yet there is no national cohort concerning their mental health and associated factors. This study (Nurses' Mental Health Study, NMHS) aims to investigate the mental health of Chinese nurses in tertiary hospitals and to identify the risk and protective factors. METHODS AND ANALYSIS NMHS is a multicentre prospective cohort study which plans to recruit at least 30 000 registered nurses from 62 tertiary hospitals using the cluster sampling method. Baseline data collection will be implemented through online questionnaires after obtaining informed consent from each participant. Variables including sociodemographic information, work-related factors, health status, lifestyle habits, objective experiences, family and social relations, current affairs opinions and overall evaluation will be collected. Annual follow-up will be conducted via a questionnaire link to monitor subsequent changes in nurses' mental health and related factors. PATIENT AND PUBLIC INVOLVEMENT STATEMENT No patient and public involvement in the study design. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION This study was approved by the Institute Review Board from the ethical committee of The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University (E20230048) and NMHS will be performed in line with Helsinki Declarations. The results of NMHS will inform nursing research and practice by providing evidence to nurse managers, healthcare organisations and the government about the target mental health outcomes for early prevention and intervention. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER This study has been registered at the Chinese Clinical Trail Registry (ID: ChiCTR2300072142, https://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.html?proj=192676).
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Ning
- Clinical Nursing Teaching and Research Section, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
- Xiangya School of Nursing, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xuting Li
- Clinical Nursing Teaching and Research Section, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zengyu Chen
- School of Nursing, University of Washington-Seattle, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Jiaxin Yang
- Clinical Nursing Teaching and Research Section, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
- Computer Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qiang Yu
- Clinical Nursing Teaching and Research Section, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Chongmei Huang
- School of Nursing at Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Yamin Chen
- Clinical Nursing Teaching and Research Section, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
- Xiangya School of Nursing, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yusheng Tian
- Clinical Nursing Teaching and Research Section, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ya-Min Li
- Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, The first-affiliated hospital of Hunan nominal university, Changsha, China
| | - Shuiyuan Xiao
- Mental Health Center, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha, China
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, Central South University, Changsha, China
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Zhang X, Wei N, Li M, Li L, Lv X, Zhang Y, Davidson PM, Cao Y. Sickness presenteeism, job burnout, social support and health-related productivity loss among nurses in the Chinese nurses' health cohort study (TARGET): A cross-sectional survey. Int J Nurs Stud 2025; 162:104962. [PMID: 39615431 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2024.104962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2024] [Revised: 11/12/2024] [Accepted: 11/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2025]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sickness presenteeism has potential negative impacts on job burnout and health-related productivity loss among clinical nurses, whereas social support has been identified as a potential mitigating factor for such impacts. However, there is limited evidence regarding the relationships and mechanisms between sickness presenteeism, job burnout, social support, and health-related productivity loss. OBJECTIVE To explore the role of job burnout and social support in the association between sickness presenteeism and health-related productivity loss among female nurses. DESIGN A cross-sectional study. SETTING(S) 105 hospitals conveniently selected from 36 cities in 15 provinces in China. PARTICIPANTS 50,653 registered female nurses. METHODS This study utilizes the cross-sectional data from the baseline survey of the Chinese nurses' health cohort study (Towards A Revolution in GETting nurses' health ticked, TARGET), conducted from December 2020 to February 2024. Variables were measured using the Sickness Presenteeism Questionnaire, Stanford Presenteeism Scale, Maslach Burnout Inventory, and Perceived Social Support Scale. Data analyses were performed using independent sample t-tests, Pearson correlation analysis, one-way analysis of variance, multivariate linear regression analysis, and the Process 4.0 macro plug-in method. RESULTS A total of 42,843 valid questionnaires were collected with an 85% response rate. The incidence of sickness presenteeism among female nurses was 62 %. Sickness presenteeism was positively correlated with job burnout and health-related productivity loss, and job burnout was also positively correlated with health-related productivity loss. Conversely, social support was negatively associated with sickness presenteeism, job burnout and health-related productivity loss. The findings showed that the association between sickness presenteeism and health-related productivity loss was partially mediated by job burnout. Moreover, the direct and indirect effects within the mediation model were moderated by social support. When levels of social support were high, the impact of sickness presenteeism on job burnout and health-related productivity loss was weaker, as was the impact of job burnout on health-related productivity loss. CONCLUSIONS Hospital administrators and nurses themselves can mitigate the adverse effects of sickness presenteeism on health-related productivity loss by alleviating job burnout and increasing levels of social support. By addressing these significant challenges, they can more effectively manage the consequences of sickness presenteeism and job burnout among nurses. REGISTRATION The protocol of TARGET was registered in the China Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR2100043202). TWEETABLE ABSTRACT The study analyses TARGET data to explore the mechanisms between sickness presenteeism and health-related productivity loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyue Zhang
- School of Nursing & Rehabilitation, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, China; Department of Nursing, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial QianFoshan Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Na Wei
- School of Nursing & Rehabilitation, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Mengli Li
- School of Nursing & Rehabilitation, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Nursing, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, China; Nursing Theory & Practice Innovation Research Center, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaoyan Lv
- Department of Nursing, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, China; Nursing Theory & Practice Innovation Research Center, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Youjuan Zhang
- Department of Applied Social Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong
| | - Patricia M Davidson
- The Vice-Chancellor's Unit, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
| | - Yingjuan Cao
- School of Nursing & Rehabilitation, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, China; Department of Nursing, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, China; Nursing Theory & Practice Innovation Research Center, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, China.
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Zhao A, Zhang L, Shi X. Assessment of Nursing Practice Environment and Its Influencing Factors: A Cross-Sectional Study at Shandong Province, Jinan. Risk Manag Healthc Policy 2024; 17:623-631. [PMID: 38524758 PMCID: PMC10959112 DOI: 10.2147/rmhp.s452271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective To investigate the current nursing practice environment in Jinan, Shandong Province, and to identify the factors influencing the practice environment. Methods This study is a cross-sectional study for nurses. From October to December 2022, using the clustering and stratified sampling methods, 2426 nurses from internal Medicine, Surgery, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Outpatient Department and Intensive Care Department of the Provincial Hospital of Shandong Medical University were selected and then investigated and analyzed using the revised Nurse Practice Environment Assessment Scale. Results The overall mean evaluation of the practice environment scored 75.13±19.87, with a minimum value of 59.74 and a maximum value of 95.82. The items with higher scores were "the hospital has systematic training for new nurses", "the work system is perfect", and "the hospital can provide continuing education for nurses in accordance with the needs of their positions". The items with lower scores were "nurses enjoy legal benefits", "nurses have the opportunity to participate in hospital management decisions", and "nurses have the opportunity to participate in hospital internal management". The results of the multiple linear regression analysis of the factors influencing nurses' practice environment showed that gender, education, position, and years of work were independent influences on nurses' practice environment scores (p < 0.05), and they explained 48.127% of the variation in the total scores of the nurses' practice environment scale. The estimated values (β) of sex, education, cheif nurse, nurses staff, work experience (year), and whether the only child variables were 3.141, 3.237, 2.713, 5.471, 2.074 and 0.732, respectively. Conclusion The nurse practice environment still needs to be improved, mainly in terms of hospital management participation, human resource allocation and salary distribution system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ailin Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong Province, 250001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong Province, 250001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaomei Shi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong Province, 250001, People’s Republic of China
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Li L, Lv X, Li Y, Zhang X, Li M, Cao Y. Development and validation of risk prediction model for premenstrual syndrome in nurses: results from the nurses-based the TARGET cohort study. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1203280. [PMID: 37854248 PMCID: PMC10579606 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1203280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) stands as a significant concern within the realm gynecological disorders, profoundly impacting women of childbearing age in China. However, the elusive nature of its risk factors necessitates investigation. This study, therefore, is dedicated to unraveling the intricacies of PMS by focusing on nurses, a cohort with unique occupational stressors, to develop and validate a predictive model for assessing the risk of PMS. Methods This investigation employed a multi-center cross-sectional analysis drawing upon data from the TARGET Nurses' health cohort. Utilizing online survey versions of the Premenstrual Syndrome Scale (PMSS), a comprehensive dataset encompassing physiological, social, psychological, occupational, and behavioral variables was collected from 18,645 participants. A stepwise multivariate logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify independent risk factors for PMS. Furthermore, a refined variable selection process was executed, combining the Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) method with 10-fold cross-validation. The visualization of the risk prediction model was achieved through a nomogram, and its performance was evaluated using the C index, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, and the calibration curves. Results Among the diverse variables explored, this study identified several noteworthy predictors of PMS in nurses, including tea or coffee consumption, sleep quality, menstrual cycle regularity, intermenstrual bleeding episodes, dysmenorrhea severity, experiences of workplace bullying, trait coping style, anxiety, depression and perceived stress levels. The prediction model exhibited robust discriminatory power, with an area under the curve of 0.765 for the training set and 0.769 for the test set. Furthermore, the calibration curve underscored the model's high degree of alignment with observed outcomes. Conclusion The developed model showcases exceptional accuracy in identifying nurses at risk of PMS. This early alert system holds potential to significantly enhance nurses' well-being and underscore the importance of professional support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Li
- Department of Nursing, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Nursing Theory and Practice Innovation Research Center, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaoyan Lv
- Department of Nursing, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Nursing Theory and Practice Innovation Research Center, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yuxin Li
- Department of Neonatology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Xinyue Zhang
- School of Nursing and Rehabilitation, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Mengli Li
- School of Nursing and Rehabilitation, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yingjuan Cao
- Department of Nursing, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Nursing Theory and Practice Innovation Research Center, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- School of Nursing and Rehabilitation, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
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Zhang X, Li M, Dong W, Lv X, Li L, Yang X, Cao Y. Prevalence and influencing factors of lower urinary tract symptoms in female nurses: a cross-sectional study based on TARGET. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1201184. [PMID: 37404267 PMCID: PMC10315681 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1201184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Even though occupational women have a high incidence of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS), which seriously affect their daily work life, few large scale sample studies have provided empirical evidence to support this phenomenon among female nurses in China. Consequently, this article investigated female nurses who was presupposed to have a high prevalence of LUTS, which adversely exposes their health and patient safety to these risks. Additionally, it is considered important to explore the factors associated with LUTS in female nurses for patient care safety and nurse bladder health practice. Objectives The purpose of this study was to assess the incidence of LUTS and symptoms-related risk factors among female nurses, to provide evidence for the prevention and control of LUTS. Methods An online survey recruiting 23,066 participants was carried out in a multicenter cross-sectional study in 42 hospitals from December 2020 to November 2022. Stepwise multivariate logistic regression analysis and nomogram were used to identify the factors associated with lower urinary tract symptoms. Besides, SPSS version 26.0, R version 4.2.2, and GraphPad Prism Version 8.3 software packages were used for statistical analysis. Results Based on the completion rate of the questionnaire which was 84.1% (n = 19,393), it was found that among 19,393 female nurses, the prevalence of LUTS was 67.71% and this rate was influenced by age, Body Mass Index (BMI), marital status, years of working, menstrual status, mode of delivery, history of breastfeeding, history of miscarriage, history of alcohol and coffee or tea consumption (p < 0.05). Interestingly, we also find that in addition to the above mentioned factors, anxiety, depression, and perceived stress were also related to LUTS in female nurses (p < 0.05). Conclusion Given the high prevalence of LUTS among female nurses and their potential influencing factors, female nurses should focus on their reproductive health and develop good lifestyle habits. Thus, nursing managers should provide a warm and harmonious work environment and sensitize female nurses to increase their awareness about the importance of drinking clean water and urinating during work in a hygienic environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyue Zhang
- School of Nursing and Rehabilitation, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Mengli Li
- School of Nursing and Rehabilitation, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Wenshuo Dong
- School of Nursing and Rehabilitation, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaoyan Lv
- Department of Nursing, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Shandong, Jinan, China
- Nursing Theory and Practice Innovation Research Center, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Nursing, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Shandong, Jinan, China
- Nursing Theory and Practice Innovation Research Center, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaorong Yang
- Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yingjuan Cao
- School of Nursing and Rehabilitation, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Department of Nursing, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Shandong, Jinan, China
- Nursing Theory and Practice Innovation Research Center, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
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Sheng Y, Wu T, Fan C, Hao H, Gao W. Factors influencing the optimal selection of central venous access devices: A qualitative study of health care team members' perspectives. Int J Nurs Sci 2022; 9:445-452. [PMID: 36285077 PMCID: PMC9587387 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnss.2022.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aimed to explore health care team members' understanding of the factors influencing the optimal selection of central venous access devices (CVADs). Methods The data of the study was collected using semi-structured interviews. Twenty-six hospital medical staff (four hospital manager, 15 head nurses, 7 nurse) with experience in peripheral or central catheterization from four regions (Northern China, Southern China, Northwest China, and Qinghai-Tibet China) in China were interviewed between June and October 2021. Content analysis was used to analyze the data. Results The results revealed five themes and 14 sub-themes. Patients: concerns, resources, requirements, and evaluation (security concerns, support resources, life requirements, evaluation among patients); nurses: awareness, knowledge, and popularizing methods (awareness of intravenous therapy, understanding of professional knowledge, forms of popularizing methods); doctors: support and involvement (support for decision-making, involvement in intravenous work); hospital managers: authority, quality control and continuing education (management of catheterization authority, quality control of intravenous infusion, investment in continuing education) and environment: differences and commonalities (differences in social support, and current commonalities). Conclusion Nurses and other healthcare team members' understanding, selection, use, and recommendation of CVADs have an indirect effect on patients' decision-making. Therefore, hospital managers and government departments can indirectly strengthen medical team cooperation and improve learning education in order to improve the safety of patients receiving intravenous infusions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Sheng
- School of Nursing and Rehabilitation, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Tinglan Wu
- School of Nursing and Rehabilitation, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Chunmei Fan
- School of Nursing and Rehabilitation, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Haixia Hao
- Department of PICCs Clinic, Qilu Hospital, Shandong Univerisity, Jinan, China
| | - Wei Gao
- Department of PICCs Clinic, Qilu Hospital, Shandong Univerisity, Jinan, China
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Gülen S, Baykal Ü, Göktepe N. FACTORS AFFECTING NURSES' ATTITUDES TOWARDS RISKS IN THE WORK ENVIRONMENT: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY. J Nurs Manag 2022; 30:3264-3272. [PMID: 35939331 DOI: 10.1111/jonm.13759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIM This study aimed to examine the factors affecting nurses' attitudes towards risks in the work environment. BACKGROUND Nurses' attitudes towards work environment-associated risks affect both risk management and employee health. METHODS This descriptive study was conducted with 338 nurses working in a public hospital, university hospital, and private hospital. Data were collected using the Personal Information Form and the Nurses' Attitudes Towards Work Environment Risks Scale. RESULTS Nurses were found to have a positive attitude towards risk in the work environment. Regression analysis showed that nurses' attitudes towards risk was affected by institution, gender, access to unit-specific risk management training, past experiences of sharp penetrating tool injuries, acceptance of risks due to the belief that risks are unavoidable, exposure to violence from colleagues, exposure to biological hazards, and neglect to take risk precautions. CONCLUSIONS This study's results show that nurses' attitudes towards risk in the work environment is affected by both individual and organizational factors. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING MANAGEMENT This study's results can help institutions and nurse managers understand the factors affecting nurses' attitudes towards work-related risks, thereby allowing them to determine the primary strategies that may be used to address these factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sibel Gülen
- Provincial Quality Coordinator, Düzce Provincial Health Directorate, Düzce, Turkey
| | - Ülkü Baykal
- Istanbul University Cerrahpasa, Florence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Nilgün Göktepe
- Ordu University Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nursing, Ordu, Turkey
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Li Y, Wang Y, Lv X, Li R, Guan X, Li L, Li J, Cao Y. Effects of Factors Related to Shift Work on Depression and Anxiety in Nurses. Front Public Health 2022; 10:926988. [PMID: 35910870 PMCID: PMC9326492 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.926988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Although shift work is the foundation of the provision of 24-h continuous care in hospitals, it can negatively impact mental health in hospital workers such as nurses. Despite the connection between mental health and overall health, little is known about the effect of shift work-related factors on mental health in this population. Objectives We investigated the effect of scheduling practices, physical and psychological characteristics related to shift work, and personal habits during shift work on depression and anxiety among nurses. Methods In this multi-center cross-sectional study, 11,061 nurses from 20 hospitals in the Shandong Province of China completed an online survey between December 2020 and February 2022. Multivariate ordered logistic regression analysis was performed to examine shift-related factors associated with depression and anxiety in the study population. Results The completion rate of all nurses' questionnaires was 83.00% (n = 9,181). Among the 9,181 respondents, 66.20% (n = 6,078) were shift nurses. Depression and anxiety were found in 58.82 and 62.08% of shift nurses, respectively, and these rates were influenced by fatigue during shift work, psychological stress before/during/after night shifts, feeling of being refreshed after resting before/after night shifts, using sleep medication before/after night shifts, physical discomfort during night shifts, busyness during night shifts, food intake during shift work, working > 40 h/week during shift work, and sleep quality before/after night shifts. Conclusions Depression and anxiety in shift nurses may be addressed by reducing their workload, sources of stress during night shifts, and facilitating rest and relaxation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxin Li
- School of Nursing and Rehabilitation, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yongchao Wang
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Institute for Medical Dataology, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaoyan Lv
- Department of Nursing, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Nursing Theory and Practice Innovation Research Center, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Rong Li
- Department of Nursing, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Nursing Theory and Practice Innovation Research Center, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiangyun Guan
- Department of Nursing, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Nursing Theory and Practice Innovation Research Center, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Nursing, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Nursing Theory and Practice Innovation Research Center, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Junli Li
- Department of Nursing, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Nursing Theory and Practice Innovation Research Center, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yingjuan Cao
- School of Nursing and Rehabilitation, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Department of Nursing, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Nursing Theory and Practice Innovation Research Center, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- *Correspondence: Yingjuan Cao
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