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Liu F, Zhu B, An Y, Zhou Z, Xiong P, Li X, Mi Y, He T, Chen F, Wu B. Gingipain from Porphyromonas gingivalis causes insulin resistance by degrading insulin receptors through direct proteolytic effects. Int J Oral Sci 2024; 16:53. [PMID: 39085196 PMCID: PMC11291925 DOI: 10.1038/s41368-024-00313-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis is a critical risk factor for the occurrence and development of diabetes. Porphyromonas gingivalis may participate in insulin resistance (IR) caused by periodontal inflammation, but the functional role and specific mechanisms of P. gingivalis in IR remain unclear. In the present study, clinical samples were analysed to determine the statistical correlation between P. gingivalis and IR occurrence. Through culturing of hepatocytes, myocytes, and adipocytes, and feeding mice P. gingivalis orally, the functional correlation between P. gingivalis and IR occurrence was further studied both in vitro and in vivo. Clinical data suggested that the amount of P. gingivalis isolated was correlated with the Homeostatic Model Assessment for IR score. In vitro studies suggested that coculture with P. gingivalis decreased glucose uptake and insulin receptor (INSR) protein expression in hepatocytes, myocytes, and adipocytes. Mice fed P. gingivalis tended to undergo IR. P. gingivalis was detectable in the liver, skeletal muscle, and adipose tissue of experimental mice. The distribution sites of gingipain coincided with the downregulation of INSR. Gingipain proteolysed the functional insulin-binding region of INSR. Coculture with P. gingivalis significantly decreased the INSR-insulin binding ability. Knocking out gingipain from P. gingivalis alleviated the negative effects of P. gingivalis on IR in vivo. Taken together, these findings indicate that distantly migrated P. gingivalis may directly proteolytically degrade INSR through gingipain, thereby leading to IR. The results provide a new strategy for preventing diabetes by targeting periodontal pathogens and provide new ideas for exploring novel mechanisms by which periodontal inflammation affects the systemic metabolic state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fen Liu
- Shenzhen Stomatology Hospital (Pingshan), Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, Laboratory Center of Stomatology, Department of Paediatric Dentistry, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Periodontology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Bofeng Zhu
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Forensic Multi-Omics for Precision Identification, School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Microbiome Medicine Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ying An
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Periodontology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhifei Zhou
- Department of Stomatology, General Hospital of Tibetan Military Command, Lhasa, China
| | - Peiying Xiong
- Department of Stomatology Center, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Periodontology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yang Mi
- Department of Obstetrics, Northwest Women's and Children's Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Tongqiang He
- Department of Obstetrics, Northwest Women's and Children's Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Faming Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shaanxi International Joint Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Periodontology, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
| | - Buling Wu
- Shenzhen Stomatology Hospital (Pingshan), Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China.
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Gil-Montoya JA, Rivero-Blanco T, Leon-Rios X, Exposito-Ruiz M, Pérez-Castillo I, Aguilar-Cordero MJ. Oral and general health conditions involved in periodontal status during pregnancy: a prospective cohort study. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2023; 308:1765-1773. [PMID: 36512113 PMCID: PMC10579146 DOI: 10.1007/s00404-022-06843-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Pregnancy is a period in a woman's life that has important consequences on oral health, particularly for gingival health. Present study aims to identify women at higher risk of developing periodontal disease (gingivitis and periodontitis) during late pregnancy and evaluate how this condition evolves during this period. METHODS Prospective cohort study was designed with pregnant women who were assessed during the first and third trimesters of gestation in a southern Spanish public hospital. Data regarding gingival and periodontal health, oral hygiene, and overall health status (obesity and diabetes mellitus) were collected. Reporting followed STROBE checklist. RESULTS Significantly higher number of women had the periodontal and gingival disease in the third trimester of gestation compared with in early pregnancy. In the third trimester of gestation, 42 (28.6%) and 63 (42.9%) of women presented symptoms of periodontal disease and gingival disease, respectively. Obesity (OR 2.834; 95%CI 0.919-8.741), worse oral hygiene during the first trimester of gestation (OR: 4.031; 95%CI 2.12-7.65), and periodontal disease during early pregnancy (OR: 15.104; 95%CI 3.60-63.36) most effectively predicted periodontal disease during late pregnancy. CONCLUSIONS Pregnancy is associated with exacerbated periodontal and gingival disease symptoms throughout the different trimesters of gestation. Obesity and oral hygiene during early pregnancy were the risk factors that most contributed to the aforementioned changes in periodontal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- J A Gil-Montoya
- Granada School of Dentistry, Institute of Biomedical Research of Granada, University of Granada, c/ Paseo de Cartuja S/N, 18071, Granada, Spain.
| | - T Rivero-Blanco
- Granada School of Dentistry, Institute of Biomedical Research of Granada, University of Granada, c/ Paseo de Cartuja S/N, 18071, Granada, Spain
| | - X Leon-Rios
- Granada School of Dentistry, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- School of Dentistry, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas, Santiago de Surco, Perú
| | - M Exposito-Ruiz
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - I Pérez-Castillo
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nursing, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Andalusian Plan for Research Development and Innovation, University of Granada, CTS 367, Granada, Spain
| | - M J Aguilar-Cordero
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nursing, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- Andalusian Plan for Research Development and Innovation, University of Granada, CTS 367, Granada, Spain
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Li W, Li T, Wei Y, Chen X, Lin S, Lin L. Associations of periodontitis with risk of all-cause and cause-specific mortality among us adults with chronic kidney disease. J Dent 2023; 138:104712. [PMID: 37741502 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2023.104712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/25/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the associations of periodontitis with risk of all-cause and cause-specific mortality in a nationally representative sample of adults with chronic kidney disease (CKD) in the United States. METHODS This prospective cohort study included 4,271 individuals aged ≥30 years at baseline with CKD participants in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) during 1988-1994, 1999-2004, and 2009-2014. CKD was defined as an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) <60 ml/min/1.73m2 and/or urinary albumin/creatinine ratio (uACR) ≥30 mg/g. Multivariate cox proportional hazards regression models were used to estimate the hazard ratios (HRs) and 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) of all-cause and cause-specific mortality in participants with CKD according to periodontitis. The associations of the quartiles of mean clinical attachment loss (CAL) and mean periodontal probing depth (PPD) levels with mortality were examined using the first quartile as the reference group. RESULTS During a median of 8.67 years of follow-up, 2,146 deaths were documented. After multivariate adjustments, moderate/severe periodontitis was significantly associated with all-cause (HR:1.28; 95 % CI:1.11-1.47; P = 0.001) and cardiovascular disease (CVD)-related mortality (HR:1.44; 95 % CI:1.14-1.81; P = 0.002) in participants with CKD. Compared with the reference group of mean CAL and mean PPD levels, all-cause (CAL: HR, 1.58; 95 % CI, 1.32-1.89, P <0.001; PPD: HR, 1.35, 95 % CI, 1.09-1.67, P = 0.011) and CVD-related mortality (CAL: HR, 1.70, 95 % CI, 1.21-2.40, P = 0.001) were increased for participants in the highest quartile. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that moderate/severe periodontitis and high levels of mean CAL and mean PPD are associated with an increased risk of all-cause mortality, and moderate/severe periodontitis and mean CAL associated with CVD-related mortality among adults with CKD in the US. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE This study details the association between periodontitis and the increased risk of all-cause mortality and CVD-related mortality in a large, representative sample of adults with CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiqi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Scissences Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Tian Li
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Yingming Wei
- Department of Oral Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University Hangzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Xuzhuo Chen
- Department of Oral Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Shanfeng Lin
- Department of Oroamxillofacial-Head and Neck Surgery, School of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR. China
| | - Li Lin
- Department of Periodontology, School of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR. China.
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Cagna DR, Donovan TE, McKee JR, Eichmiller F, Metz JE, Marzola R, Murphy KG, Troeltzsch M. Annual review of selected scientific literature: A report of the Committee on Scientific Investigation of the American Academy of Restorative Dentistry. J Prosthet Dent 2023; 130:453-532. [PMID: 37453884 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2023.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
The Scientific Investigation Committee of the American Academy of Restorative Dentistry offers this review of the 2022 dental literature to briefly touch on several topics of interest to modern restorative dentistry. Each committee member brings discipline-specific expertise in their subject areas that include (in order of the appearance in this report): prosthodontics; periodontics, alveolar bone, and peri-implant tissues; dental materials and therapeutics; occlusion and temporomandibular disorders; sleep-related breathing disorders; oral medicine and oral and maxillofacial surgery; and dental caries and cariology. The authors focused their efforts on reporting information likely to influence the daily dental treatment decisions of the reader with an emphasis on innovations, new materials and processes, and future trends in dentistry. With the tremendous volume of literature published daily in dentistry and related disciplines, this review cannot be comprehensive. Instead, its purpose is to update interested readers and provide valuable resource material for those willing to subsequently pursue greater detail on their own. Our intent remains to assist colleagues in navigating the tremendous volume of newly minted information produced annually. Finally, we hope that readers find this work helpful in managing patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- David R Cagna
- Professor, Associate Dean, Chair, and Residency Director, Department of Prosthodontics, University of Tennessee Health Sciences Center College of Dentistry, Memphis, Tenn.
| | - Terence E Donovan
- Professor, Department of Comprehensive Oral Health, University of North Carolina School of Dentistry, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - James R McKee
- Private practice, Restorative Dentistry, Downers Grove, Ill
| | - Frederick Eichmiller
- Vice President and Science Officer (Emeritus), Delta Dental of Wisconsin, Stevens Point, Wis
| | - James E Metz
- Private practice, Restorative Dentistry, Columbus, Ohio
| | | | - Kevin G Murphy
- Associate Clinical Professor, Department of Periodontics, University of Maryland College of Dentistry, Baltimore, Md
| | - Matthias Troeltzsch
- Private practice, Oral, Maxillofacial, and Facial Plastic Surgery, Ansbach, Germany; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Facial Plastic Surgery, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich (LMU), Munich, Germany
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Alkayali MFMT, Badria FA, ElBaiomy AAB, Youssef JM. Effect of polycaprolactone nanofibers loaded with oxytetracycline hydrochloride and zinc oxide as an adjunct to SRP on GCF lipocalin-2 levels in periodontitis patients: A clinical and laboratory study. JOURNAL OF ADVANCED PERIODONTOLOGY & IMPLANT DENTISTRY 2022; 14:76-83. [PMID: 36714082 PMCID: PMC9871181 DOI: 10.34172/japid.2022.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Background. The aim of this study was the clinical and laboratory evaluation of using polycaprolactone (PCL) nanofibers loaded with oxytetracycline hydrochloride (OTC) and zinc oxide (ZnO) as an adjunct to mechanical therapy in managing stage II grade A periodontitis patients concerning GCF lipocalin2- levels. Methods. Fifty stage II grade A periodontitis patients (27 women and 23 men, with an age range of 30‒60) were enrolled in the study. The patients were randomly assigned to five equal groups and treated with scaling and root planing (SRP), followed by local application of PCL nanofibers: group I: SRP + PCL loaded with OTC and ZnO, group II: SRP + PCL loaded with OTC, group III: SRP + PCL loaded with ZnO, group IV: SRP + unloaded PCL, and group V: SRP alone. Additionally, 10 healthy subjects with healthy periodontium (group VI) (age- and gender-matched) served as the negative control. Nanofibers were applied in the selected pockets of periodontitis patients in groups I to IV once weekly for two months. All the participants were examined clinically by assessing periodontal indices (gingival index, plaque index, pocket depth, and clinical attachment level), and biochemically by assessing GCF lipocalin-2 levels. Results. Compared to controls, periodontitis groups (I, II, III, IV, and V) showed significant elevation of both clinical parameters and GCF lipocalin2- levels at baseline. In addition, these parameters improved significantly after treatment, which was more pronounced in groups I, II-, and III) compared to groups IV and V. However, it did not reach normal values. Conclusion. In association with SRP, PCL nanofibers loaded with OTC and ZnO had beneficial therapeutic effects at both clinical and laboratory levels.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Farid A. Badria
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | | | - Jilan Mohamed Youssef
- Department of Oral Medicine, Periodontology, Diagnosis and Oral Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt,Corresponding author: Jilan M. Youssef, E-mail:
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Wang T, Zhang W. Application of Gestational Blood Glucose Control During Perinatal Period in Parturients with Diabetes Mellitus: Meta-Analysis of Controlled Clinical Studies. Front Surg 2022; 9:893148. [PMID: 35910483 PMCID: PMC9334781 DOI: 10.3389/fsurg.2022.893148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a common metabolic disorder. Hyperglycemia may cause gestational hypertension, increase the probability of infection, abnormal embryonic development, and increase the abortion rate. Oral hypoglycemic drugs may be another effective means of blood glucose control in addition to insulin injection. We included controlled clinical studies for meta-analysis to understand the effect of oral hypoglycemic drugs in gestational diabetes. Methods The databases were searched with the keywords “Glycemic control” & “gestational diabetes”: Embase (January, 2000–August, 2021), Pubmed (January, 2000–August, 2021), Web of Science (January, 2000–August, 2021), Ovid (January, 2000–August, 2021), and ClinicalTrials.org to obtain the randomized controlled trial (RCT) literatures related to the treatment of gestational diabetes with oral hypoglycemic drugs, after screening, the R language toolkit was used for the analysis. Results A total of 10 articles with a total of 1,938 patients were included, 7 studies used metformin as an hypoglycemic agent. Meta-analysis showed that oral metformin had no significant difference in fasting blood glucose levels after the intervention compared with insulin injection [MD = −0.35, 95%CI(−0.70,1.40), Z = 0.66, P = 0.51], with no significant difference in postprandial blood glucose levels after intervention [MD = −2.20, 95%CI(−5.94,1.55), Z = −1.15, P = 0.25], and no statistical difference in glycosylated hemoglobin [MD = 0.10, 95%CI(−0.17,−0.04), Z = −0.94, P = 0.31]. Metformin was more conducive to reducing maternal weight during pregnancy than insulin [MD = −1.55, 95%CI(−2.77,−0.34), Z = −2.5, P = 0.0123], metformin reduced the abortion rate compared with insulin [RR = 0.81, 95%CI(0.63,1.05), Z = −2.61, P = 0.015], and reduced cesarean section rate [RR = 0.66, 95%CI(0.49,0.90), Z = −3.95, P = 0.0001]. Discussion The application of oral hypoglycemic drug metformin in blood glucose control of gestational diabetes can play a hypoglycemic effect equivalent to insulin and can control the weight of pregnant women, reduce the rate of abortion and cesarean section, and improve pregnancy outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Wang
- Department of Obstetric, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Obstetric, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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