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Nascimento MHS, Birindelli JLO, Fraga E, Barros MC. Exploring hidden diversity: Molecular insights into the Leporinus species of the rivers of the Brazilian states of Maranhão and Piauí. JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY 2024. [PMID: 38590289 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.15753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
The present study delved into the world of hidden diversity by examining specimens identified as Leporinus piau from the river basins of the northern Brazilian states of Maranhão and Piauí. Using genetic analyses that combined data from three mitochondrial markers and one nuclear marker, the study identified two well-supported groups, reinforcing the findings of previous publications. The first group, found in samples from the Itapecuru, Mearim, Turiaçu, and Pericumã basins, in Maranhão, appears to represent a relatively ancient diversification and the possibility of concealed cryptic diversity. The second group, comprising specimens from the Parnaíba (Piauí) and Mearim (Maranhão) basins, appears to have resulted from a more recent process of diversification and has a close relationship with Leporinus friderici from the type locality. Our findings not only confirm the existence of a complex scenario of cryptic diversity in the genus Leporinus from the study basins but also underscore the taxonomic inconsistencies within this group of fish. This study offers a comprehensive analysis of the species diversity of the Maranhão and Piauí basins, which are critical regions for the conservation of Amazonian fish, providing valuable insights for the sustainable management and conservation of these fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Histelle Sousa Nascimento
- Departamento de Desenvolvimento e Ensino, Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Maranhão, Caxias, Brazil
- Rede de Biodiversidade e Biotecnologia da Amazônia Legal, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, São Luis, Brazil
- Departamento de Química e Biologia, Universidade Estadual do Maranhão, Caxias, Brazil
| | | | - Elmary Fraga
- Departamento de Química e Biologia, Universidade Estadual do Maranhão, Caxias, Brazil
| | - Maria Claudene Barros
- Rede de Biodiversidade e Biotecnologia da Amazônia Legal, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, São Luis, Brazil
- Departamento de Química e Biologia, Universidade Estadual do Maranhão, Caxias, Brazil
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2
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Ramirez JL, Machado CB, de Mello Affonso PRA, Galetti PM. Speciation in Coastal Basins Driven by Staggered Headwater Captures: Dispersal of a Species Complex, Leporinus bahiensis, as Revealed by Genome-wide SNP Data. Syst Biol 2023; 72:973-983. [PMID: 37260367 PMCID: PMC10627554 DOI: 10.1093/sysbio/syad034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Past sea level changes and geological instability along watershed boundaries have largely influenced fish distribution across coastal basins, either by dispersal via palaeodrainages now submerged or by headwater captures, respectively. Accordingly, the South American Atlantic coast encompasses several small and isolated drainages that share a similar species composition, representing a suitable model to infer historical processes. Leporinus bahiensis is a freshwater fish species widespread along adjacent coastal basins over narrow continental shelf with no evidence of palaeodrainage connections at low sea level periods. Therefore, this study aimed to reconstruct its evolutionary history to infer the role of headwater captures in the dispersal process. To accomplish this, we employed molecular-level phylogenetic and population structure analyses based on Sanger sequences (5 genes) and genome-wide SNP data. Phylogenetic trees based on Sanger data were inconclusive, but SNPs data did support the monophyletic status of L. bahiensis. Both COI and SNP data revealed structured populations according to each hydrographic basin. Species delimitation analyses revealed from 3 (COI) to 5 (multilocus approach) MOTUs, corresponding to the sampled basins. An intricate biogeographic scenario was inferred and supported by Approximate Bayesian Computation (ABC) analysis. Specifically, a staggered pattern was revealed and characterized by sequential headwater captures from basins adjacent to upland drainages into small coastal basins at different periods. These headwater captures resulted in dispersal throughout contiguous coastal basins, followed by deep genetic divergence among lineages. To decipher such recent divergences, as herein represented by L. bahiensis populations, we used genome-wide SNPs data. Indeed, the combined use of genome-wide SNPs data and ABC method allowed us to reconstruct the evolutionary history and speciation of L. bahiensis. This framework might be useful in disentangling the diversification process in other neotropical fishes subject to a reticulate geological history.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge L Ramirez
- Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Peru
- Museo de Historia Natural de la Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Peru
| | - Carolina B Machado
- Departamento de Genética e Evolução, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Pedro M Galetti
- Departamento de Genética e Evolução, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
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3
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Britski HA, Garavello JC, Ramirez JL. Description of a new species of Schizodon (Characiformes: Anostomidae) from the upper rio Tapajs basin, Brazil. Zootaxa 2023; 5330:135-140. [PMID: 38220878 DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5330.1.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
A new species of Schizodon with five dark transverse blotches on the body and a large black blotch at the end of the caudal peduncle is described from the rio Arinos, upper rio Tapajs basin, in the Brazilian Amazon. The new species shares a color pattern composed by transverse brown bars and a caudal fin blotch with Schizodon fasciatus and S. trivittatus but possess twelve rows of scales around the caudal peduncle, a unique character among the species of genus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heraldo A Britski
- Seo de Peixes; Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de So Paulo; Caixa Postal 42494; Av. Nazar; 481; Ipiranga; 04218-970 So Paulo; SP; Brazil.
| | - Jlio C Garavello
- Departamento de Ecologia e Biologia Evolutiva; Universidade Federal de So Carlos; Rodovia Washington Luiz; km 235; Caixa Postal 676; 13565-905 So Carlos; SP; Brazil.
| | - Jorge L Ramirez
- Facultad de Ciencias Biolgicas; Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos; Calle Germn Amzaga N 375; Ciudad Universitaria; Lima; Peru.
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Nascimento MHS, Aragão DG, Silva JLN, Lima RC, Birindelli JLO, Fraga EC, Barros MC. The DNA barcode reveals cryptic diversity and a new record for the genus Leporinus (Characiformes, Anostomidae) in the hydrographic basins of central northern Brazil. PeerJ 2023; 11:e15184. [PMID: 37250713 PMCID: PMC10225125 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.15184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Leporinus is one of the most speciose genera of the order Characiformes, with 81 valid species distributed throughout much of Central and South America. The considerable diversity of this genus has generated extensive debate on its classification and internal arrangement. In the present study, we investigated the species diversity of the genus Leporinus in central northern Brazil, and conclude that six valid species-Leporinus maculatus, Leporinus unitaeniatus, Leporinus affinis, Leporinus venerei, Leporinus cf. friderici, and Leporinus piau-are found in the hydrographic basins of the Brazilian states of Maranhão, Piauí, and Tocantins. We analyzed 182 sequences of the Cytochrome Oxidase subunit I gene, of which, 157 were obtained from Leporinus specimens collected from the basins of the Itapecuru, Mearim, Turiaçu, Pericumã, Periá, Preguiças, Parnaíba, and Tocantins rivers. The species delimitation analyses, based on the ABGD, ASAP, mPTP, bPTP, and GMYC methods, revealed the presence of four distinct molecular operational taxonomic units (MOTUs), identified as L. maculatus, L. unitaeniatus, L. affinis, and L. piau (from the Parnaíba River). The bPTP method restricted L. venerei to a single MOTU, and confirmed the occurrence of this species in the rivers of Maranhão for the first time. The separation of L. cf. friderici into two clades and the subsequent formation of different operational taxonomic units was consistent with polyphyly in this species, which indicates the existence of cryptic diversity. The arrangement of L. cf. friderici and L. piau in two different clades supports the conclusion that the L. piau specimens from Maranhão were misidentified, based on their morphological traits, reflecting the taxonomic inconsistencies that exist among morphologically similar species. Overall, then, the species delimitation methods employed in the present study indicated the presence of six MOTUs-L. maculatus, L. unitaenitus, L. affinis, L. cf. friderici, L. venerei, and L. piau. In the case of two other MOTUs identified in the present study, one (L. venerei) is a new record for the state of Maranhão, and we believe that the other represents a population of L. piau from the basin of the Parnaíba River.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Histelle Sousa Nascimento
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Maranhão State University, Caxias, Maranhão, Brazil
- Graduate Network Program in the Biodiversity and Biotechnology of Legal Amazonia, Biological Sciences Institute, Belem, Pará, Brazil
| | - Deborah Gaído Aragão
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Maranhão State University, Caxias, Maranhão, Brazil
| | | | - Renato Correia Lima
- Graduate Program in Genetics, Conservation, and Evolutionary Biology, National Amazonian Research Institute, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
| | | | - Elmary Costa Fraga
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Maranhão State University, Caxias, Maranhão, Brazil
| | - Maria Claudene Barros
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Maranhão State University, Caxias, Maranhão, Brazil
- Graduate Network Program in the Biodiversity and Biotechnology of Legal Amazonia, Biological Sciences Institute, Belem, Pará, Brazil
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Phylogeography of Sarmarutilus rubilio (Cypriniformes: Leuciscidae): Complex Genetic Structure, Clues to a New Cryptic Species and Further Insights into Roaches Phylogeny. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13061071. [PMID: 35741833 PMCID: PMC9222716 DOI: 10.3390/genes13061071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Italy hosts a large number of endemic freshwater fish species due to complex geological events which promoted genetic differentiation and allopatric speciation. Among them, the South European roach Sarmarutilus rubilio inhabits various freshwater environments in three different ichthyogeographic districts. We investigated the genetic diversity of S. rubilio using two different mitochondrial markers (COI and CR), aiming to define its relationship with other similar taxa from the Balkan area and, from a phylogeographic perspective, test the effects of past hydrogeological dynamics of Italian river basins on its genetic structure and demographic history. Our analysis highlighted a marked genetic divergence between S. rubilio and all other roach species and, among Italian samples, revealed the existence of three deeply divergent geographic haplogroups, named A, B and C. Haplogroup C likely corresponds to a new putative cryptic species and is located at the northern border of the South European roach range; haplogroup B is restricted to Southern Italy; and haplogroup A is widespread across the entire range and in some sites it is in co-occurrence with C or B. Their origin is probably related to the tectonic uplifting of the Apuan Alps in the north and of the Colli Albani Volcano in the south during the Pleistocene, which promoted isolation and vicariance followed by secondary contacts.
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Barros F, Silva L, Dias J, Abe H, Paixão P, Sousa N, Cordeiro C, Fujimoto R. In vitro selection of autochthonous bacterium with probiotic potential for the neotropical fish piauçu Megaleporinus microcephalus. ARQ BRAS MED VET ZOO 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/1678-4162-12404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT The study aimed to isolate, identify, and apply in vitro tests on bacteria with autochthonous probiotic potential isolated from fifteen healthy specimens of Megaleporinus macrocephalus. The strains were selected from the intestinal tract of fish and inoculated in the Petri plate containing Sharp Man Rogosa Agar (MRS) for (48 hours at 35ºC). They were isolated based on a test of catalase, Gram stain, tolerance to different gradients NaCl (1, 2 and 3%), pH (4, 5, 6, 8 and 9) values and bile salts (2.5 and 5%), in addition to the inhibition zone against pathogens. Of the 42 strains isolated, ST1 and ST9 had higher values (p<0.05) for total viable cells (31.80±0.07 and 32.51±0.05 CFU/mL × 108) respectively. In the resistance tests, strains ST1 and ST9 presented the best results, with emphasis on ST9 in the gradients of pH, high values of bile salts and larger inhibition zones against Aeromonas hydrophila and Aeromonas jandaei. The strains with the best results in the tests, ST1 and ST9, were identified by the MALDI-TOF-MS method as Enterococcus faecium. Thus, the isolated E. faecium bacteria, may be recommended as for probiotic use in farming the M. macrocephalus.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - H.A. Abe
- Universidade Federal do Pará, Brazil
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Sidlauskas BL, Assega FM, Melo BF, Oliveira C, Birindelli JLO. Total evidence phylogenetic analysis reveals polyphyly of Anostomoides and uncovers an unexpectedly ancient genus of Anostomidae fishes (Characiformes). Zool J Linn Soc 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlab016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The nearly 150 species of Anostomidae comprise one of the most diverse and taxonomically dynamic families of Neotropical freshwater fishes. A recent revision of the enigmatic and poorly diagnosed genus Anostomoides demonstrated that it contains two valid species, each with complicated taxonomic histories; however, that study did not address their phylogenetic placement. Herein, we integrate molecular and morphological data to demonstrate their distant evolutionary relationship, and thus the polyphyly of Anostomoides. While we reconstruct one of the species in a previously hypothesized placement within a clade also containing Laemolyta, Rhytiodus and Schizodon, the other represents a morphologically and genetically distinctive lineage that diverged early in the history of the family. We describe and illustrate the osteology of this remarkable species, discuss the evolutionary implications of its unique suite of features, and use those characteristics to diagnose a new genus that evolved independently of all other known members of the family for approximately 37 Myr.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian L Sidlauskas
- Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - Fernando M Assega
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Centro de Ciencias Biologicas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid, Campus Universitário, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Bruno F Melo
- Departamento de Biologia Estrutural e Funcional, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista, R. Prof. Dr. Antonio C. W. Zanin, Rubião Jr, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Claudio Oliveira
- Departamento de Biologia Estrutural e Funcional, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista, R. Prof. Dr. Antonio C. W. Zanin, Rubião Jr, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - José L O Birindelli
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Centro de Ciencias Biologicas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid, Campus Universitário, Londrina, PR, Brazil
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8
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Salgado FS, Cunha MS, Melo S, Dergam JA. Cytogenetic analysis of Hypomasticus copelandii and H. steindachneri: relevance of cytotaxonomic markers in the Anostomidae family (Characiformes). COMPARATIVE CYTOGENETICS 2021; 15:65-76. [PMID: 33777329 PMCID: PMC7969579 DOI: 10.3897/compcytogen.v15.i1.61957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 01/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Recent phylogenetic hypotheses within Anostomidae, based on morphological and molecular data, resulted in the description of new genera (Megaleporinus Ramirez, Birindelli et Galetti, 2017) and the synonymization of others, such as the reallocation of Leporinus copelandii Steindachner, 1875 and Leporinus steindachneri Eigenmann, 1907 to Hypomasticus Borodin, 1929. Despite high levels of conservatism of the chromosomal macrostructure in this family, species groups have been corroborated using banding patterns and the presence of different sex chromosome systems. Due to the absence of cytogenetic studies in H. copelandii (Steindachner, 1875) and H. steindachneri (Eigenmann, 1907), the goal of this study was to characterize their karyotypes and investigate the presence/absence of sex chromosome systems using different repetitive DNA probes. Cytogenetic techniques included: Giemsa staining, Ag-NOR banding and FISH using 18S and 5S rDNA probes, as well as microsatellite probes (CA)15 and (GA)15. Both species had 2n = 54, absence of heteromorphic sex chromosomes, one chromosome pair bearing Ag-NOR, 18S and 5S rDNA regions. The (CA)15 and (GA)15 probes marked mainly the subtelomeric regions of all chromosomes and were useful as species-specific chromosomal markers. Our results underline that chromosomal macrostructure is congruent with higher systematic arrangements in Anostomidae, while microsatellite probes are informative about autapomorphic differences between species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filipe Schitini Salgado
- Departamento de Biologia Animal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Av. P. H. Rolfs, s/n, Centro, Viçosa, 36570-900, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Av. P. H. Rolfs, s/n, Centro, Viçosa, 36570-900, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Marina Souza Cunha
- Departamento de Biologia Animal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Av. P. H. Rolfs, s/n, Centro, Viçosa, 36570-900, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Silvana Melo
- Departamento de Biologia Animal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Av. P. H. Rolfs, s/n, Centro, Viçosa, 36570-900, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Av. P. H. Rolfs, s/n, Centro, Viçosa, 36570-900, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista, R. Prof. Dr. Antônio Celso Wagner Zanin, s/n, Distrito de Rubião Junior, Botucatu, 18618-689, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jorge Abdala Dergam
- Departamento de Biologia Animal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Av. P. H. Rolfs, s/n, Centro, Viçosa, 36570-900, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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9
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Molecular phylogeny and species delimitation of the genus Schizodon (Characiformes, Anostomidae). Mol Phylogenet Evol 2020; 153:106959. [PMID: 32920128 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2020.106959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Revised: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The genus Schizodon is part of a group of headstanders and relatives (Family Anostomidae) that are widespread and ecologically important fishes in South American rivers. Schizodon includes 15 nominal species but their taxonomy has been challenging due to paucity of decisive characters to diagnose species. We present new molecular data to assess species boundaries or molecular operational taxonomic units (MOTUs), and to infer phylogenetic relationships among species. Evidence from two mitochondrial and three nuclear genes was used in these analyses. Mitochondrial DNA data for 112 specimens (from 11 nominal species) supported 13 consensus MOTUs, six of which matched valid nominal species (Schizodon borellii, S. fasciatus, S. intermedius, S. isognathus, S. knerii and S. scotorhabdotus). The nominal species Schizodon vittatus, S. nasutus, and S. dissimilis were subdivided into two MOTUs each, revealing either cryptic species or strong population structuring. In contrast, S. platae and S. jacuiensis constituted a single MOTU, indicating a possible case of synonymy. Our phylogenetic analysis subdivided the genus Schizodon into two large clades that are compatible with observed color patterns and biogeographic distribution. The first clade includes species with three to four conspicuous dark vertical bars on the flanks that originated in the Amazonas region (S. borellii, S. dissimilis, S. intermedius, S. fasciatus, S. scotorhabdotus, S. vittatus, and a cryptic species, Schizodon aff. vittatus). The second clade includes species with a conspicuous dark caudal blotch on the caudal peduncle, with vertical bars absent or inconspicuous, with a biogeographic origin in the La Plata drainage (S. isognathus, S. jacuiensis, S. knerii, S. nasutus and S. platae). Our results reinforce the importance of using molecular analyses to accelerate the study of diversity, particularly in groups with a wide distribution, few variable meristic characters, and high morphological plasticity, which may hide still unknown or underestimated diversity.
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10
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Birindelli JLO, Melo BF, Ribeiro-Silva LR, Diniz D, Oliveira C. A New Species of Hypomasticus from Eastern Brazil Based on Morphological and Molecular Data (Characiformes, Anostomidae). COPEIA 2020. [DOI: 10.1643/ci-19-335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- José L. O. Birindelli
- Museu de Zoologia, Departamento de Biologia Animal e Vegetal, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Caixa Postal 10011, 86057-970 Londrina, PR, Brazil; . Send reprint requests to this address
| | - Bruno F. Melo
- Departamento de Biologia Estrutural e Funcional, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista, R. Prof. Dr. Antonio C. W. Zanin 250, 18618-689 Botucatu, SP, Brazil; (BFM) ; (LRRS) ; and (CO)
| | - Luís R. Ribeiro-Silva
- Departamento de Biologia Estrutural e Funcional, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista, R. Prof. Dr. Antonio C. W. Zanin 250, 18618-689 Botucatu, SP, Brazil; (BFM) ; (LRRS) ; and (CO)
| | - Debora Diniz
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia, R. José Moreira Sobrinho s/n, 45208-091 Jequié, BA, Brazil;
| | - Claudio Oliveira
- Departamento de Biologia Estrutural e Funcional, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista, R. Prof. Dr. Antonio C. W. Zanin 250, 18618-689 Botucatu, SP, Brazil; (BFM) ; (LRRS) ; and (CO)
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11
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Birindelli JLO, Britski HA, Ramirez JL. A new endangered species of Megaleporinus (Characiformes: Anostomidae) from the Rio de Contas basin, eastern Brazil. JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY 2020; 96:1349-1359. [PMID: 32096231 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.14299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2019] [Revised: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A new species of Megaleporinus is described from the Rio de Contas, a coastal drainage of eastern Brazil, and its phylogenetic relationships are studied using molecular data. The new species is unique among Anostomidae by possessing two exclusive features: an irregular dark longitudinal stripe from supracleithrum to second midlateral blotch and anterior cranial fontanel partially closed. In addition, the new species is diagnosed by having three premaxillary teeth, three dentary teeth, 37 or 38 scales in lateral line, 16 scale rows around caudal peduncle, three dark midlateral blotches on body, and red fins in life. The new species is closely related to M. obtusidens from the São Francisco basin, corroborating previous studies that indicated that the latter represents a species complex as currently defined. The new species exhibits the first rib enlarged in mature males, a feature described for some congeners. The new species is herein considered to be Endangered under the IUCN criteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- José L O Birindelli
- Museu de Zoologia, Departamento de Biologia Animal e Vegetal, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | | | - Jorge L Ramirez
- Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Ciudad Universitaria, Lima, Peru
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12
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Pinheiro Figliuolo VS, Goll L, Ferreira Viana P, Feldberg E, Gross MC. First Record on Sex Chromosomes in a Species of the Family Cynodontidae: Cynodon gibbus (Agassiz, 1829). Cytogenet Genome Res 2020; 160:29-37. [PMID: 32092757 DOI: 10.1159/000505889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The fish family Cynodontidae belongs to the superfamily Curimatoidea, together with the Hemiodontidae, Serrasalmidae, Parodontidae, Prochilodontidae, Chilodontidae, Curimatidae, and Anostomidae. The majority of the species of this superfamily that have been analyzed to date have a diploid chromosome number of 2n = 54. Differentiated sex chromosomes (with female heterogamety) have been observed only in the Prochilodontidae, Parodontidae, and Anostomidae. The present study provides the first description of differentiated sex chromosomes in the cynodontid species Cynodon gibbus, which has a ZZ/ZW system, and shows that repetitive DNA has played a fundamental role in the differentiation of these sex chromosomes.
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13
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Cunha MS, Fregonezi AR, Fava L, Hilsdorf AWS, Campos LAO, Dergam JA. Phylogeography and Historical Biogeography of the Astyanax bimaculatus Species Complex (Teleostei: Characidae) in Coastal Southeastern South America. Zebrafish 2019; 16:115-127. [DOI: 10.1089/zeb.2018.1668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Marina S. Cunha
- Departamento de Biologia Animal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil
| | - Aline R. Fregonezi
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil
| | - Lucioni Fava
- Departamento de Biologia Animal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil
| | | | - Lucio A. O. Campos
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil
| | - Jorge A. Dergam
- Departamento de Biologia Animal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil
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Birindelli JLO, Britski HA, Provenzano F. New species of Leporinus (Characiformes: Anostomidae) from the highlands of the Guiana Shield in Venezuela. NEOTROPICAL ICHTHYOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20190022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT A new species of Leporinus is described using morphological data and compared to all other species of the family. Specimens were illustrated using digital photograph, measured using digital calipers, and had teeth, scales, and fin rays counted under a stereomicroscope. The new species is distinguished from all other Anostomidae, except Anostomus anostomus, A. brevior, A. ternetzi, Hypomasticus despaxi, Leporinus arcus, and L. striatus, by having four dark longitudinal stripes on body. The new species is distinguished from aforementioned species by having terminal mouth with four teeth on the premaxilla, 12 series of scales around caudal peduncle, and 34 to 36 scales in the lateral line. The new species is remarkably similar to Leporinus arcus, which occurs on the opposite side of Guyana Shield highlands. The new species and L. arcus are possibly closely related to Leporinus gomesi, L. granti, L. lebaili, L. melanostictus, L. nijsseni, and L. santosi.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Francisco Provenzano
- Universidad Central de Venezuela, Venezuela; Escuela Politécnica Nacional, Ecuador
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15
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Wendt EW, Monteiro CM, Amato SB. Helminth fauna of Megaleporinus obtusidens (Characiformes: Anostomidae) from Lake Guaíba: analysis of the parasite community. Parasitol Res 2018; 117:2445-2456. [DOI: 10.1007/s00436-018-5933-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2017] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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16
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Silva-Santos R, Ramirez JL, Galetti PM, Freitas PD. Molecular Evidences of a Hidden Complex Scenario in Leporinus cf. friderici. Front Genet 2018; 9:47. [PMID: 29497440 PMCID: PMC5818402 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2018.00047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2017] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The megadiversity of the neotropical ichthyofauna has been associated to recent diversification processes, reflecting in subtle or lacking morphological differentiation between species, challenging the classical taxonomic identification. Leporinus friderici occurs in several river basins of South America, and its nominal taxonomic validity has been questioned. Its wide distribution within the Brazilian Shield suggests that this species could be genetically structured among the hydrographic basins, despite a sharp morphological similarity. In this study, we performed phylogenetic analyses, based on three nuclear (recombination activating gene 1, RAG1, recombination activating gene 2, RAG2, and myosin heavy chain 6 cardiac muscle alpha gene, Myh6) and two mitochondrial (COI and Cytochrome b, Cytb) markers, in specimens morphologically similar to L. friderici and related species from different hydrographic basins in South America. Our phylogenetic tree identified four well-supported clades, which point out to the existence of taxonomic inconsistencies within this fish group. A clade named L. cf. friderici sensu stricto included eight Molecular Operational Taxonomic Units recently diversified in the Brazilian Shield basins. These results were also confirmed by a single-gene species delimitation analysis. It is suggested that this clade includes a species complex, characterizing taxonomic uncertainties. Another clade recovered only L. friderici from the Suriname rivers, validating this nominal species in its type locality. A third no-named clade, characterized by deeper species divergence, recovered five different nominal species interleaved with other undescribed forms previously also recognized as L. cf. friderici, indicating taxonomic errors. The fourth clade only included L. taeniatus. Our results showed a complex scenario involving the morphotype L. cf. friderici and allowed us to address aspects related to evolutionary diversification of this fish group and historical processes involved with, highlighting the importance of revealing hidden biodiversity for the taxonomy and conservationist action plans of these fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosane Silva-Santos
- Laboratório de Biodiversidade Molecular e Conservação, Departamento de Genética e Evolução, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jorge L Ramirez
- Laboratório de Biodiversidade Molecular e Conservação, Departamento de Genética e Evolução, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Pedro M Galetti
- Laboratório de Biodiversidade Molecular e Conservação, Departamento de Genética e Evolução, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Patrícia D Freitas
- Laboratório de Biodiversidade Molecular e Conservação, Departamento de Genética e Evolução, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
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17
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Ramirez JL, Birindelli JL, Carvalho DC, Affonso PRAM, Venere PC, Ortega H, Carrillo-Avila M, Rodríguez-Pulido JA, Galetti PM. Revealing Hidden Diversity of the Underestimated Neotropical Ichthyofauna: DNA Barcoding in the Recently Described Genus Megaleporinus (Characiformes: Anostomidae). Front Genet 2017; 8:149. [PMID: 29075287 PMCID: PMC5643504 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2017.00149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2017] [Accepted: 09/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Molecular studies have improved our knowledge on the neotropical ichthyofauna. DNA barcoding has successfully been used in fish species identification and in detecting cryptic diversity. Megaleporinus (Anostomidae) is a recently described freshwater fish genus within which taxonomic uncertainties remain. Here we assessed all nominal species of this genus using a DNA barcode approach (Cytochrome Oxidase subunit I) with a broad sampling to generate a reference library, characterize new molecular lineages, and test the hypothesis that some of the nominal species represent species complexes. The analyses identified 16 (ABGD and BIN) to 18 (ABGD, GMYC, and PTP) different molecular operational taxonomic units (MOTUs) within the 10 studied nominal species, indicating cryptic biodiversity and potential candidate species. Only Megaleporinus brinco, Megaleporinus garmani, and Megaleporinus elongatus showed correspondence between nominal species and MOTUs. Within six nominal species, a subdivision in two MOTUs was found, while Megaleporinus obtusidens was divided in three MOTUs, suggesting that DNA barcode is a very useful approach to identify the molecular lineages of Megaleporinus, even in the case of recent divergence (< 0.5 Ma). Our results thus provided molecular findings that can be used along with morphological traits to better define each species, including candidate new species. This is the most complete analysis of DNA barcode in this recently described genus, and considering its economic value, a precise species identification is quite desirable and fundamental for conservation of the whole biodiversity of this fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge L Ramirez
- Laboratório de Biodiversidade Molecular e Conservação, Departamento de Genética e Evolução, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jose L Birindelli
- Departamento de Biologia Animal e Vegetal, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Daniel C Carvalho
- Laboratório de Genética da Conservação, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia de Vertebrados, PUC Minas, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Paulo R A M Affonso
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia, Jequié, Brazil
| | - Paulo C Venere
- Departamento de Biologia e Zoologia, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, Brazil
| | - Hernán Ortega
- Departamento de Ictiología, Museo de Historia Natural, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Peru
| | | | - José A Rodríguez-Pulido
- Grupo de Investigación en Genética y Reproducción Animal, Universidad de los Llanos, Villavicencio, Colombia
| | - Pedro M Galetti
- Laboratório de Biodiversidade Molecular e Conservação, Departamento de Genética e Evolução, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
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18
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Ramirez JL, Birindelli JL, Galetti PM. A new genus of Anostomidae (Ostariophysi: Characiformes): Diversity, phylogeny and biogeography based on cytogenetic, molecular and morphological data. Mol Phylogenet Evol 2017; 107:308-323. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2016.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2016] [Revised: 11/14/2016] [Accepted: 11/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Fernandes GW, Goulart FF, Ranieri BD, Coelho MS, Dales K, Boesche N, Bustamante M, Carvalho FA, Carvalho DC, Dirzo R, Fernandes S, Galetti PM, Millan VEG, Mielke C, Ramirez JL, Neves A, Rogass C, Ribeiro SP, Scariot A, Soares-Filho B. Deep into the mud: ecological and socio-economic impacts of the dam breach in Mariana, Brazil. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ncon.2016.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 164] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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