Antihemorrhoidal activity of organic acids of Capsella bursa-pastoris on croton oil-induced hemorrhoid in rats

Essential Oil Composition of Capsella bursa-pastoris (L.) Medik. Aerial Parts

Objectives

Capsella Medik. belongs to Brassicaceae family and is represented by 4 species in Türkiye. Among them, Capsella bursa-pastoris (L.) Medik. is a cosmopolite species and grows naturally throughout Türkiye. There have been a few studies on the essential oil composition of different parts of the plant, and, as far as we are concerned, the essential oil composition of the plant growing in Türkiye has not been studied previously. Thus, in this study, we isolated and analyzed the essential oil composition of the aerial parts of C. bursa-pastoris growing naturally in Ankara, Türkiye.

Materials and Methods

Plant material was collected from Ankara University, Tandoğan Campus, and essential oil of the aerial parts was obtained from hydrodistillation using a Clevenger-type apparatus for 3 h and analyzed by gas chromatography (GC)-flame ionization detection and GC-mass spectrometry simultaneously.

Results

The essential oil yield was determined to be 0.2%, and 90.2% of the essential oil composition was identified, corresponding to 21 components. The major components of the oil were determined to be nonacosane (19.6%), phytol (19.3%), pentacosane (13.5%), heptacosane (9.9%), and hexadecanoic acid (9.9%).

Conclusion

Phytol was found to be the main component of the essential oil of leaves and aerial parts (16.34% and 13.14, respectively) in a literature study consistent with the results of our study. The essential oil content of other parts of the species, along with species collected from different localities, would be an important contribution to the species and the genus and should be performed in the future.

Water Extract of Capsella bursa-pastoris Mitigates Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiotoxicity by Upregulating Antioxidant Enzymes

Doxorubicin (DOX), an effective chemotherapeutic drug, causes cardiotoxicity in a cumulative and dose-dependent manner. The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of hot-water extract of Capsella bursa-pastoris (CBW) on DOX-induced cardiotoxicity (DICT). We utilized H9c2 rat cardiomyocytes and MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells to evaluate the effects of CBW on DOX-induced cell death. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and oxygen consumption rate were measured in H9c2 cells. C57BL/6 mice were treated with DOX and CBW to assess their impact on various cardiac parameters. Human-induced pluripotent stem-cell-derived cardiomyocytes were also used to investigate DOX-induced electrophysiological changes and the potential ameliorative effects of CBW. UPLC-TQ/MS analysis identified seven flavonoids in CBW, with luteolin-7-O-glucoside and isoorientin as the major compounds. CBW inhibited DOX-induced death of H9c2 rat cardiomyocytes but did not affect DOX-induced death of MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells. CBW increased SOD levels in a dose-dependent manner, reducing ROS production and increasing the oxygen consumption rate in H9c2 cells. The heart rate, RR interval, QT, and ST prolongation remarkably recovered in C57BL/6 mice treated with the combination of DOX and CBW compared to those in mice treated with DOX alone. Administration of CBW with DOX effectively alleviated collagen accumulation, cell death in mouse heart tissues, and reduced the levels of creatinine kinase (CK) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in serum. Furthermore, DOX-induced pathological electrophysiological features in human-induced pluripotent stem-cell-derived cardiomyocytes were ameliorated by CBW. CBW may prevent DICT by stabilizing SOD and scavenging ROS. The presence of flavonoids, particularly luteolin-7-O-glucoside and isoorientin, in CBW may contribute to its protective effects. These results suggest the potential of CBW as a traditional therapeutic option to mitigate DOX-induced cardiotoxicity.