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Volpe E, Errani F, Mandrioli L, Ciulli S. Advances in Viral Aquatic Animal Disease Knowledge: The Molecular Methods' Contribution. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:biology12030466. [PMID: 36979158 PMCID: PMC10045235 DOI: 10.3390/biology12030466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
Aquaculture is the fastest-growing food-producing sector, with a global production of 122.6 million tonnes in 2020. Nonetheless, aquatic animal production can be hampered by the occurrence of viral diseases. Furthermore, intensive farming conditions and an increasing number of reared fish species have boosted the number of aquatic animals' pathogens that researchers have to deal with, requiring the quick development of new detection and study methods for novel unknown pathogens. In this respect, the molecular tools have significantly contributed to investigating thoroughly the structural constituents of fish viruses and providing efficient detection methods. For instance, next-generation sequencing has been crucial in reassignment to the correct taxonomic family, the sturgeon nucleo-cytoplasmic large DNA viruses, a group of viruses historically known, but mistakenly considered as iridoviruses. Further methods such as in situ hybridisation allowed objectifying the role played by the pathogen in the determinism of disease, as the cyprinid herpesvirus 2, ostreid herpesvirus 1 and betanodaviruses. Often, a combination of molecular techniques is crucial to understanding the viral role, especially when the virus is detected in a new aquatic animal species. With this paper, the authors would critically revise the scientific literature, dealing with the molecular techniques employed hitherto to study the most relevant finfish and shellfish viral pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrico Volpe
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, 47042 Cesenatico, FC, Italy
| | - Francesca Errani
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, 47042 Cesenatico, FC, Italy
| | - Luciana Mandrioli
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, 47042 Cesenatico, FC, Italy
| | - Sara Ciulli
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, 47042 Cesenatico, FC, Italy
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2
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Zhao L, Gao W, Zheng Y, Lu L, Li Q, Jiang Y. Development and characterization of monoclonal antibodies specific for cyprinid herpesvirus 2. JOURNAL OF FISH DISEASES 2022; 45:1673-1681. [PMID: 35904338 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.13689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Infections of Cyprinid herpesvirus 2 in goldfish and farmed crucian carp (Carassius auratus gibelio) are still an urgent problem worldwide. Detection and prevention are necessary for the control of haematopoietic necrosis disease caused by CyHV-2. Although many sensitive molecular diagnostic methods have been developed, effective immunodiagnosis and neutralization approaches based on monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) against CyHV-2 are still important to CyHV-2 study. In this experiment, purified CyHV-2 was used as antigens to produce monoclonal antibodies (Mabs). Six Mabs bound to different proteins were selected by Dot-blot screening and Western-blot analysis, and no one had cross-reactivity with closely related koi herpesvirus. Among them, Mabs 2E1-B10, 1F5-A3 and 4C4-A7 belonged to IgG1 isotype, while other three Mabs 3G9-B11, 3B4-G5 and 4F4-B7 belonged to IgM isotype. These six Mabs all could specifically detect CyHV-2 in CyHV-2 infected caudal fin of Carassius auratus gibelio (GiCF) cells by immunofluorescence assays. Then, the neutralization ability was tested in vitro, and the result showed that all six Mabs can attenuate CPE by CyHV-2 in vitro among which 2E1-B10 had the best neutralization ability. The virus proteins recognized by these six Mabs were identified by mass spectrometry identification, and the result showed they probably were ORF88, ORF55R, ORF115 and ORF151R. This study is the first to prepare Mabs by purifying CyHV-2, which will provide a practical basis for the in-depth study of CyHV-2 virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lupin Zhao
- National Pathogen Collection Center for Aquatic Animals, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Wa Gao
- National Pathogen Collection Center for Aquatic Animals, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Yihua Zheng
- National Pathogen Collection Center for Aquatic Animals, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Liqun Lu
- National Pathogen Collection Center for Aquatic Animals, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, P. R. China
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation for Aquatic Animal Genetics and Breeding, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, P. R. China
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Qiang Li
- Department of Ocean Technology, College of Marine and Biology Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng, China
| | - Yousheng Jiang
- National Pathogen Collection Center for Aquatic Animals, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, P. R. China
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation for Aquatic Animal Genetics and Breeding, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, P. R. China
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, P. R. China
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Zhang W, Zhao J, Ma Y, Li J, Chen X. The effective components of herbal medicines used for prevention and control of fish diseases. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2022; 126:73-83. [PMID: 35609759 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2022.05.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The increasing demand for fish consumption has promoted the rapid development of fish aquaculture. With the continuous expansion of culture scale and the deterioration of culture environment, various diseases have broken out frequently, leading to huge economic losses to fish farming. Antibiotics and chemicals are common options to prevent and control of fish diseases, but their use is now restricted or even banned due to serious problems such as drug residues, pathogen resistance, and environmental pollution. Herbs and their extracts have increasingly become promising supplements and alternatives, because of their effectiveness, safety, environmental friendliness and less drug resistance. The application of herbal medicines in prevention and control of fish diseases is mainly attributed to the powerful immune enhancement, antioxidation or direct anti-pathogenic efficacies of their effective components, including mainly polyphenols, polysaccharides, saponins, flavonoids, alkaloids, and essential oils. Recently these herbal active ingredients have been extensively studied for their efficacies in prevention and control of viral, bacterial, parasitic, and fungal diseases in fish. In the present paper, we comprehensively summarize the research progress of the active ingredients of herbal medicines used for prevention and control of fish diseases, especially of their action mechanisms, and highlight the potential application of the herbal medicines in fish aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weini Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Fujian Province, Institute of Oceanology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, PR China; University Key Lab for Integrated Chinese Traditional and Western Veterinary Medicine and Animal Healthcare in Fujian Province, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, PR China
| | - Jinpeng Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Fujian Province, Institute of Oceanology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, PR China
| | - Yufang Ma
- University Key Lab for Integrated Chinese Traditional and Western Veterinary Medicine and Animal Healthcare in Fujian Province, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, PR China
| | - Jian Li
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine and Animal Health, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, PR China
| | - Xinhua Chen
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Fujian Province, Institute of Oceanology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, PR China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266071, PR China.
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Gao W, Zhao L, Zheng Y, Wu K, Xu F, Wang H, Lu L, Jiang Y. Generation and application of a monoclonal antibody specific for the ORF121 of cyprinid herpesvirus 2. JOURNAL OF FISH DISEASES 2022; 45:387-394. [PMID: 34871462 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.13566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Cyprinid herpesvirus 2 (CyHV-2) is a viral pathogen worldwide and causing high mortality on goldfish and silver crucian carp (Carassius auratus gibelio). In order to establish a stable and sensitive immunological diagnostic approach, the recombinant ORF121 protein encoded by the CyHV-2 ORF121 gene, was selected as a capture antigen to identify cells and tissues infected with CyHV-2 by immunological methods in this study. Firstly, the open reading frame of CyHV-2 ORF121 was cloned into the PGEX-4T-3 vector and expressed in Escherichia coli. Purified recombinant ORF121 protein was then used as an antigen to prepare monoclonal antibodies, and an efficient hybridoma cell line was selected by dot-blot assay. The resulting mAb-3D9 was applied to detect CyHV-2 in infected caudal fin of Carassius auratus gibelio (GiCF) cells and fish tissues by western blotting, immunofluorescence assays and immunohistological asays. The monoclonal antibody could specifically identify CyHV-2 in infected GiCF cells and the gills, the kidney and the spleen tissues, and it could attenuate CPE by CyHV-2 in vitro, suggesting it can be applied for CyHV-2 detection in the crucian carp and ORF121 may be a candidate vaccine against CyHV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wa Gao
- National Pathogen Collection Center for Aquatic Animals, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lupin Zhao
- National Pathogen Collection Center for Aquatic Animals, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yihua Zheng
- National Pathogen Collection Center for Aquatic Animals, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Kaixuan Wu
- National Pathogen Collection Center for Aquatic Animals, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Feiyang Xu
- National Pathogen Collection Center for Aquatic Animals, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao Wang
- National Pathogen Collection Center for Aquatic Animals, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Liqun Lu
- National Pathogen Collection Center for Aquatic Animals, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yousheng Jiang
- National Pathogen Collection Center for Aquatic Animals, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
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Preena PG, Kumar TVA, Johny TK, Dharmaratnam A, Swaminathan TR. Quick hassle-free detection of cyprinid herpesvirus 2 (CyHV-2) in goldfish using recombinase polymerase amplification-lateral flow dipstick (RPA-LFD) assay. AQUACULTURE INTERNATIONAL : JOURNAL OF THE EUROPEAN AQUACULTURE SOCIETY 2022; 30:1211-1220. [PMID: 35194344 PMCID: PMC8854473 DOI: 10.1007/s10499-021-00806-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Cyprinid herpesvirus 2 (CyHV-2) is the etiological agent of herpesviral hematopoietic necrosis disease (HVHND), which causes severe mortality in ornamental goldfish (Carassius auratus), crucian carp (Carassius auratus), and gibel/prussian carp (Carassius gibelio). Quick and hassle-free point-of-care detection of CyHV-2 is vital for the maintenance of ornamental fish health. In this manuscript, we describe the development of a rapid and sensitive RPA (recombinase polymerase amplification) assay, coupled with lateral flow dipsticks (LFD), that can achieve sensitive diagnosis of CyHV-2 in goldfish within 20 min at 36 °C with the satisfactory detection limit of 102 gene copies per reaction. This is the first report wherein major capsid protein (MCP) of CyHV-2 was targeted for RPA-LFD assay development. The assay did not show any cross-reactivity with other viral pathogens like cyprinid herpesvirus 3 (CyHV-3), spring viremia of carp virus (SVCV), infectious spleen and kidney necrosis virus (ISKNV), and viral nervous necrosis virus (VNNV). Furthermore, screening of CyHV-2 infection in CyHV-2-infected goldfish did not yield any false positive/negative results. In short, the RPA-LFD assay developed in this study presents a simple, rapid, and sensitive method for point-of-care diagnosis of CyHV-2, especially under resource-limited conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prasannan Geetha Preena
- Peninsular and Marine Fish Genetic Resources Centre, ICAR- National Bureau of Fish Genetic Resources, CMFRI Campus, P.O. Number 1603, Kochi, Kerala India 682 018
| | - Thaliyil Veetil Arun Kumar
- Peninsular and Marine Fish Genetic Resources Centre, ICAR- National Bureau of Fish Genetic Resources, CMFRI Campus, P.O. Number 1603, Kochi, Kerala India 682 018
- Krishi Vigyan Kendra, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute (NDRI), Karnal, Haryana India 132001
| | - Tina Kollannoor Johny
- Peninsular and Marine Fish Genetic Resources Centre, ICAR- National Bureau of Fish Genetic Resources, CMFRI Campus, P.O. Number 1603, Kochi, Kerala India 682 018
| | - Arathi Dharmaratnam
- Peninsular and Marine Fish Genetic Resources Centre, ICAR- National Bureau of Fish Genetic Resources, CMFRI Campus, P.O. Number 1603, Kochi, Kerala India 682 018
| | - Thangaraj Raja Swaminathan
- Peninsular and Marine Fish Genetic Resources Centre, ICAR- National Bureau of Fish Genetic Resources, CMFRI Campus, P.O. Number 1603, Kochi, Kerala India 682 018
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Wen J, Xu Y, Su M, Lu L, Wang H. Susceptibility of Goldfish to Cyprinid Herpesvirus 2 (CyHV-2) SH01 Isolated from Cultured Crucian Carp. Viruses 2021; 13:v13091761. [PMID: 34578342 PMCID: PMC8473056 DOI: 10.3390/v13091761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Cyprinid herpesvirus 2 (CyHV-2), a member of the Alloherpesviridae family belonging to the genus Cyprinivirus, is a fatal contagious aquatic pathogen that affects goldfish (Carassius auratus) and crucian carp (Carassius carassius). Although crucian carp and goldfish belong to the genus Carassius, it is unclear whether they are susceptible to the same CyHV-2 isolate. In addition, the origin of the crucian carp-derived CyHV-2 virus isolate remains unclear. CyHV-2 SH01 was isolated during herpesviral hematopoietic necrosis disease (HVHN) outbreaks in crucian carp at a local fish farm near Shanghai. CyHV-2 SH01 was confirmed by PCR and Western blot analysis of kidney, spleen, muscle, and blood tissue from the diseased crucian carp. Moreover, histopathological and ultra-pathological analyses revealed pathological changes characteristic of CyHV-2 SH01 infection in the tissues of the diseased crucian carp. In the present study, goldfish and crucian carp were challenged with CyHV-2 SH01 to elucidate viral virulence. We found that CyHV-2 SH01 could cause rapid and fatal disease progression in goldfish and crucian carp 24 h post-injection at 28 °C. Experimental infection of goldfish by injection indicated that the average virus titer in the kidney of the goldfish was 103.47 to 103.59 copies/mg. In addition, tissues exhibited the most prominent histopathological changes (cellular wrinkling and shrinkage, cytoplasmic vacuolation, fusion of the gill lamellae, and hepatic congestion) in CyHV-2 SH01-infected goldfish and crucian carp. Thus, crucian carp and goldfish showed a high sensitivity, with typical symptoms, to HVHN disease caused by CyHV-2 SH01.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinxuan Wen
- National Pathogen Collection Center for Aquatic Animals, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; (J.W.); (Y.X.); (M.S.); (L.L.)
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Yao Xu
- National Pathogen Collection Center for Aquatic Animals, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; (J.W.); (Y.X.); (M.S.); (L.L.)
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Meizhen Su
- National Pathogen Collection Center for Aquatic Animals, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; (J.W.); (Y.X.); (M.S.); (L.L.)
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Liqun Lu
- National Pathogen Collection Center for Aquatic Animals, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; (J.W.); (Y.X.); (M.S.); (L.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Hao Wang
- National Pathogen Collection Center for Aquatic Animals, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; (J.W.); (Y.X.); (M.S.); (L.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
- Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Technology, Qingdao 266200, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-021-61900453 (ext. 201306)
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Su M, Tang R, Wang H, Lu L. Suppression effect of plant-derived berberine on cyprinid herpesvirus 2 proliferation and its pharmacokinetics in Crucian carp (Carassius auratus gibelio). Antiviral Res 2020; 186:105000. [PMID: 33359191 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2020.105000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Revised: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Cyprinid herpesvirus 2 (CyHV-2), which infects silver crucian carp including goldfish (Carassius auratus auratus) and Crucian carp (Carassius auratus gibelio) with high mortality, is an emerging viral pathogen worldwide. Previous studies showed that berberine (BBR), a bioactive plant-derived alkaloid, demonstrated potential antiviral actions against many different viruses. Here, we assessed the effect of berberine hydrochloride (BBH) on the replication of CyHV-2 in vitro and in vivo. Cytotoxicity assay indicated that 5-25 μg/mL BBH was non-toxic to the RyuF-2 cells. In viral inhibition assays, real time PCR was employed to titrate the genomic copy number of progeny virus, real time RT-PCR was applied to monitor the transcriptional levels of viral genes, and Western blot analysis was performed to detect the synthetic levels of viral proteins. The results demonstrated that BBH systematically impedes the viral gene transcription and suppressed the replication of CyHV-2 in RyuF-2 cells. In animal challenge test, BBH was confirmed to protect Crucian carps from CyHV-2 infection in a dose-dependent manner, which was supported by suppressed viral replication levels, reduced viral pathogenesis and higher survival rates. Furthermore, pharmacokinetics data of BBH in Crucian carp revealed its rapid absorption (Tmax of 1.5 h), suitable plasma half-life (t1/2z/h of 7-12 h depending on oral dosage), and dose-dependent drug exposure properties following oral administration (revealed by AUC0-t values). These findings shed light on repurposing BBH to treat CyHV-2 infections in silver crucian carp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meizhen Su
- National Pathogen Collection Center for Aquatic Animals, 201306, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Ruizhe Tang
- National Pathogen Collection Center for Aquatic Animals, 201306, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Hao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Agriculture Ministry for Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Liqun Lu
- National Pathogen Collection Center for Aquatic Animals, 201306, Shanghai, PR China.
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Li K, Yuan R, Zhang M, Zhang T, Gu Y, Zhou Y, Dai Y, Fang P, Feng Y, Hu X, Cao G, Xue R, Chen H, Gong C. Recombinant baculovirus BacCarassius-D4ORFs has potential as a live vector vaccine against CyHV-2. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 92:101-110. [PMID: 31163296 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2019.05.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2019] [Revised: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Cyprinid herpesvirus II (CyHV-2) is highly contagious and pathogenic to Carassius auratus gibelio (gibel carp), causing enormous economic losses in aquaculture in Yancheng city, Jiangsu province, China; however, to date, there is no effective way to protect C. auratus gibelio from CyHV-2 infection. In this study, a recombinant baculovirus vector vaccine, BacCarassius-D4ORFs, containing a fused codon-optimized sequence D4ORFs comprising the ORF72 (region 1-186 nt), ORF66 (region 993-1197 nt), ORF81 (region 603-783 nt) and ORF82 (region 85-186 nt) genes of CyHV-2, driven by a Megalobrama amblycephala β-actin promoter, was constructed. Then, qPCR, Western blotting and immunofluorescence assays showed that the fused gene D4ORFs was successfully delivered and expressed in fish cells or tissues by transduction with BacCarassius-D4ORFs. The fused gene D4ORFs could not be detected by PCR in the C. auratus gibelio injected with BacCarassius-D4ORFs after 7 weeks. Specific antibody against ORF72 could be detected in the serum of vaccinated C. auratus gibelio by injection with BacCarassius-D4ORFs. Furthermore, when C. auratus gibelio were vaccinated with BacCarassius-D4ORFs via the oral or injection route, followed by challenge with CyHV-2, the relative survival rate of immunized C. auratus gibelio reached 59.3% and 80.01%, respectively. These results suggested that BacCarassius-D4ORFs has the potential to be used as a vector-based vaccine for the prevention and treatment of disease caused by CyHV-2 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Li
- School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Rui Yuan
- (b)Jiangsu Center for Control and Prevention of Aquatic Animal Infectious Disease, Nanjing, 210036, China
| | - Mingtian Zhang
- School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Tingting Zhang
- School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Yuchao Gu
- School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Yang Zhou
- Dafeng District Aquaculture Technical Extension Station of Yancheng city, Yancheng, 224100, China
| | - Yaping Dai
- School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Ping Fang
- (b)Jiangsu Center for Control and Prevention of Aquatic Animal Infectious Disease, Nanjing, 210036, China
| | - Yongjie Feng
- School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China; Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute, Agricultural biotechnology and Ecological Research Institute, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Xiaolong Hu
- School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China; Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute, Agricultural biotechnology and Ecological Research Institute, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Guangli Cao
- School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China; Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute, Agricultural biotechnology and Ecological Research Institute, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Renyu Xue
- School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China; Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute, Agricultural biotechnology and Ecological Research Institute, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Hui Chen
- (b)Jiangsu Center for Control and Prevention of Aquatic Animal Infectious Disease, Nanjing, 210036, China
| | - Chengliang Gong
- School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China; Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute, Agricultural biotechnology and Ecological Research Institute, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China.
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9
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The complete genome of Cyprinid herpesvirus 2, a new strain isolated from Allogynogenetic crucian carp. Virus Res 2018; 256:6-10. [DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2018.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2018] [Revised: 07/23/2018] [Accepted: 07/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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10
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Radosavljevic V, Adamek M, Milicevic V, Maksimovic-Zoric J, Steinhagen D. Occurrence of two novel viral pathogens (CEV and CyHV-2) affecting Serbian cyprinid aquaculture and ichthyofauna. JOURNAL OF FISH DISEASES 2018; 41:851-854. [PMID: 29473674 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.12789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2017] [Revised: 01/05/2018] [Accepted: 01/08/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- V Radosavljevic
- Scientific Institute of Veterinary Medicine of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - M Adamek
- Fish Disease Research Unit, Institute for Parasitology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Hannover, Germany
| | - V Milicevic
- Scientific Institute of Veterinary Medicine of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia
| | | | - D Steinhagen
- Fish Disease Research Unit, Institute for Parasitology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Hannover, Germany
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11
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Adamek M, Hellmann J, Jung-Schroers V, Teitge F, Steinhagen D. CyHV-2 transmission in traded goldfish stocks in Germany-A case study. JOURNAL OF FISH DISEASES 2018; 41:401-404. [PMID: 29068063 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.12734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2017] [Accepted: 08/28/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- M Adamek
- Fish Disease Research Unit, Institute for Parasitology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Hannover, Germany
| | - J Hellmann
- Fish Disease Research Unit, Institute for Parasitology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Hannover, Germany
| | - V Jung-Schroers
- Fish Disease Research Unit, Institute for Parasitology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Hannover, Germany
| | - F Teitge
- Fish Disease Research Unit, Institute for Parasitology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Hannover, Germany
| | - D Steinhagen
- Fish Disease Research Unit, Institute for Parasitology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Hannover, Germany
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12
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Ito T, Kurita J, Haenen OLM. Importation of CyHV-2-infected goldfish into the Netherlands. DISEASES OF AQUATIC ORGANISMS 2017; 126:51-62. [PMID: 28930085 DOI: 10.3354/dao03157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Cyprinid herpesvirus 2 (CyHV-2) is known as the causative agent of herpesviral haematopoietic necrosis in goldfish Carassius auratus auratus. However, the virus has also been detected in Prussian carp C. gibelio and crucian carp C. carassius from European and Asian countries. To prevent spread of the causative virus to other areas, investigation of the risk factors of spread of this virus is important. In this study, 8 batches of goldfish imported into the Netherlands by airfreight from Asia and the Middle East were investigated for the presence of the virus. CyHV-2 DNA was detected by PCR in the pooled kidneys of 4 of the 8 imported goldfish batches, of which 1 was from a CyHV-2 disease case at a Dutch importer's quarantine facility. Sequence analysis of the CyHV-2 strains from this study and from previous reports showed that there were at least 6 different lengths in the mA region, resulting in tentatively at least 4 genotypes. Virus isolation was positive for only 1 (Amsterdam Schiphol-1 [AMS-1]) of the 8 samples. It was shown that the AMS-1 isolate was highly virulent to Ryukin goldfish after 100.3 TCID50 fish-1 intraperitoneal injection. The viral titre of the AMS-1 isolate for goldfish fin cells at several temperatures was similar to that of a Japanese CyHV-2 isolate. Our results prove that one of the routes of spread of various CyHV-2 strains is through the global trade of apparently healthy infected goldfish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takafumi Ito
- Tamaki Laboratory, Research Center for Fish Diseases, National Research Institute of Aquaculture, Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency, 224-1 Hiruda, Tamaki, Mie 519-0423, Japan
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