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Parker J, Marten SM, Ó Corcora TC, Rajkov J, Dubin A, Roth O. The effects of primary and secondary bacterial exposure on the seahorse (Hippocampus erectus) immune response. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2024; 153:105136. [PMID: 38185263 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2024.105136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
Evolutionary adaptations in the Syngnathidae teleost family (seahorses, pipefish and seadragons) culminated in an array of spectacular morphologies, key immune gene losses, and the enigmatic male pregnancy. In seahorses, genome modifications associated with immunoglobulins, complement, and major histocompatibility complex (MHC II) pathway components raise questions concerning their immunological efficiency and the evolution of compensatory measures that may act in their place. In this investigation heat-killed bacteria (Vibrio aestuarianus and Tenacibaculum maritimum) were used in a two-phased experiment to assess the immune response dynamics of Hippocampus erectus. Gill transcriptomes from double and single-exposed individuals were analysed in order to determine the differentially expressed genes contributing to immune system responses towards immune priming. Double-exposed individuals exhibited a greater adaptive immune response when compared with single-exposed individuals, while single-exposed individuals, particularly with V. aestuarianus replicates, associated more with the innate branch of the immune system. T. maritimum double-exposed replicates exhibited the strongest immune reaction, likely due to their immunological naivety towards the bacterium, while there are also potential signs of innate trained immunity. MHC II upregulated expression was identified in selected V. aestuarianus-exposed seahorses, in the absence of other pathway constituents suggesting a possible alternative or non-classical MHC II immune function in seahorses. Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis highlighted prominent angiogenesis activity following secondary exposure, which could be linked to an adaptive immune process in seahorses. This investigation highlights the prominent role of T-cell mediated adaptive immune responses in seahorses when exposed to sequential foreign bacteria exposures. If classical MHC II pathway function has been lost, innate trained immunity in syngnathids could be a potential compensatory mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamie Parker
- Marine Evolutionary Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University, D-24118, Kiel, Germany.
| | - Silke-Mareike Marten
- Marine Evolutionary Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University, D-24118, Kiel, Germany
| | - Tadhg C Ó Corcora
- Marine Evolutionary Ecology, GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, D-24105, Kiel, Germany
| | - Jelena Rajkov
- Marine Evolutionary Ecology, GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, D-24105, Kiel, Germany
| | - Arseny Dubin
- Marine Evolutionary Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University, D-24118, Kiel, Germany
| | - Olivia Roth
- Marine Evolutionary Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University, D-24118, Kiel, Germany
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Guo H, Zhang B, Wang P, Zhao C, Yan L, Lin Y, Qiu L. Spotted sea bass (Lateolabrax maculatus) NOD2 gene involved in the immune response against Vibrio harveyi infection. JOURNAL OF FISH DISEASES 2023. [PMID: 37148163 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.13794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Haiwei Guo
- College of Fisheries and Life Science, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, China
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Sanya Tropical Fisheries Research Institute, Sanya, China
| | - Pengfei Wang
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Sanya Tropical Fisheries Research Institute, Sanya, China
| | - Chao Zhao
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Sanya Tropical Fisheries Research Institute, Sanya, China
| | - Lulu Yan
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Sanya Tropical Fisheries Research Institute, Sanya, China
| | - Yunxiang Lin
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lihua Qiu
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Sanya Tropical Fisheries Research Institute, Sanya, China
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Genomics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chinese Academy of Fishery Science, Beijing, China
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Evans D, Millar Z, Harding D, Pham PH, LePage V, Lumsden JS. Lipoid liver disease in Hippocampus erectus Perry with Vibrio fortis-induced dermatitis and enteritis. JOURNAL OF FISH DISEASES 2022; 45:1225-1229. [PMID: 35412684 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.13618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 03/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Drayke Evans
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Zachary Millar
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Danielle Harding
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Phuc H Pham
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - John S Lumsden
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
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Xiao W, Qin G, Zhang Y, Zhang B, Li T, Chen Z, Lin Q. Secretory phospholipase A2 group XIIBs play potential roles in intestine antibacterial responses in seahorse. JOURNAL OF FISH DISEASES 2022; 45:1059-1063. [PMID: 35352834 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.13613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2022] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Wanghong Xiao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Sanya Institute of Oceanology, SCSIO, Sanya, China
| | - Geng Qin
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Sanya Institute of Oceanology, SCSIO, Sanya, China
| | - Yanhong Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Tao Li
- Shenzhen Base of South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zelin Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qiang Lin
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Sanya Institute of Oceanology, SCSIO, Sanya, China
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5
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Diversity of Seahorse Species (Hippocampus spp.) in the International Aquarium Trade. DIVERSITY 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/d13050187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Seahorses (Hippocampus spp.) are threatened as a result of habitat degradation and overfishing. They have commercial value as traditional medicine, curio objects, and pets in the aquarium industry. There are 48 valid species, 27 of which are represented in the international aquarium trade. Most species in the aquarium industry are relatively large and were described early in the history of seahorse taxonomy. In 2002, seahorses became the first marine fishes for which the international trade became regulated by CITES (Convention for the International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora), with implementation in 2004. Since then, aquaculture has been developed to improve the sustainability of the seahorse trade. This review provides analyses of the roles of wild-caught and cultured individuals in the international aquarium trade of various Hippocampus species for the period 1997–2018. For all species, trade numbers declined after 2011. The proportion of cultured seahorses in the aquarium trade increased rapidly after their listing in CITES, although the industry is still struggling to produce large numbers of young in a cost-effective way, and its economic viability is technically challenging in terms of diet and disease. Whether seahorse aquaculture can benefit wild populations will largely depend on its capacity to provide an alternative livelihood for subsistence fishers in the source countries. For most species, CITES trade records of live animals in the aquarium industry started a few years earlier than those of dead bodies in the traditional medicine trade, despite the latter being 15 times higher in number. The use of DNA analysis in the species identification of seahorses has predominantly been applied to animals in the traditional medicine market, but not to the aquarium trade. Genetic tools have already been used in the description of new species and will also help to discover new species and in various other kinds of applications.
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Jiang F, Huang H, Yang N, Feng H, Li Y, Han B. Isolation, identification, and biological control in vitro of tail rot pathogen strain from Hippocampus kuda. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0232162. [PMID: 32330196 PMCID: PMC7182253 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0232162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Tail rot disease is associated with major economic losses in the seahorse aquaculture in China. This study aimed to isolate and identify the pathogen causing tail rot disease in seahorses. Three culturable intestinal bacteria strains were isolated from Hippocampus kuda specimens with tail rot disease. Strain HL11, HL12, and HL13 were identified as Pseudoalteromonas spongiae, Bacillus subtilis and Photobacterium ganghwense based on its morphological characteristics, physiological and biochemical properties, through 16S rRNA and gyrB sequencing, respectively. Challenge experiments using these strains on healthy H. kuda and bacterial re-isolation from challenged diseased seahorses showed that the bacteria strain named HL11 induced identical pathological symptoms, indicating that it is the causative pathogen of the disease. Antibiotic-resistance tests against of 32 antibiotics revealed that HL11 was highly sensitive to 13 kinds, while exhibited intermediate susceptibility to 6, and resistance to 13 kinds. Antibacterial tests of the bioactive agents showed that HL11 was susceptible to five kinds, including tea polyphenols, lactic acid, gallic acid, allicin, and polylysine; however, it was not susceptible to the other 13 kinds of bioactive agents. The results demonstrate the potential of using bioactive agents to replace antibiotics to generate an environmentally friendly mode of culturing seahorses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangyan Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Utilization and Conservation for Tropical Marine Bioresources of Ministry of Education, Hainan Tropical Ocean University, Sanya, China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Fishery Resources Protection and Utilization of Hainan Province, Hainan Tropical Ocean University, Sanya China
| | - Hai Huang
- Key Laboratory of Utilization and Conservation for Tropical Marine Bioresources of Ministry of Education, Hainan Tropical Ocean University, Sanya, China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Fishery Resources Protection and Utilization of Hainan Province, Hainan Tropical Ocean University, Sanya China
| | - Ning Yang
- Sanya Science & Technology Academy of Hainan National Breeding and Multiplication, Sanya, China
- * E-mail:
| | - Huimin Feng
- Key Laboratory of Utilization and Conservation for Tropical Marine Bioresources of Ministry of Education, Hainan Tropical Ocean University, Sanya, China
| | - Yu Li
- Sanya Science & Technology Academy of Hainan National Breeding and Multiplication, Sanya, China
| | - Bingbing Han
- Sanya Science & Technology Academy of Hainan National Breeding and Multiplication, Sanya, China
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Zhang XH, He X, Austin B. Vibrio harveyi: a serious pathogen of fish and invertebrates in mariculture. MARINE LIFE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2020; 2:231-245. [PMID: 32419972 PMCID: PMC7223180 DOI: 10.1007/s42995-020-00037-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Vibrio harveyi, which belongs to family Vibrionaceae of class Gammaproteobacteria, includes the species V. carchariae and V. trachuri as its junior synonyms. The organism is a well-recognized and serious bacterial pathogen of marine fish and invertebrates, including penaeid shrimp, in aquaculture. Diseased fish may exhibit a range of lesions, including eye lesions/blindness, gastro-enteritis, muscle necrosis, skin ulcers, and tail rot disease. In shrimp, V. harveyi is regarded as the etiological agent of luminous vibriosis in which affected animals glow in the dark. There is a second condition of shrimp known as Bolitas negricans where the digestive tract is filled with spheres of sloughed-off tissue. It is recognized that the pathogenicity mechanisms of V. harveyi may be different in fish and penaeid shrimp. In shrimp, the pathogenicity mechanisms involved the endotoxin lipopolysaccharide, and extracellular proteases, and interaction with bacteriophages. In fish, the pathogenicity mechanisms involved extracellular hemolysin (encoded by duplicate hemolysin genes), which was identified as a phospholipase B and could inactivate fish cells by apoptosis, via the caspase activation pathway. V. harveyi may enter the so-called viable but nonculturable (VBNC) state, and resuscitation of the VBNC cells may be an important reason for vibriosis outbreaks in aquaculture. Disease control measures center on dietary supplements (including probiotics), nonspecific immunostimulants, and vaccines and to a lesser extent antibiotics and other antimicrobial compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Hua Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003 China
- Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266237 China
- Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100 China
| | - Xinxin He
- MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003 China
| | - Brian Austin
- Institute of Aquaculture, University of Stirling, Stirling, FK9 4LA Scotland, UK
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Wang X, Wang F, Chen G, Yang B, Chen J, Fang Y, Wang K, Hou Y. Edwardsiella tarda induces enteritis in farmed seahorses (Hippocampus erectus): An experimental model and its evaluation. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 98:391-400. [PMID: 31991232 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2020.01.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Revised: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial enteritis is an important deadly threat to farmed seahorses. However, its pathogenesis is obscure because of the paucity of reproducible experimental intestinal inflammation models. Herein, a strain of Edwardsiella tarda YT1 from farmed seahorse Hippocampus erectus was isolated and identified by morphological, phylogenetic, and biochemical analysis, and confirmed as a pathogen of enteritis for the first time by challenge experiment. Two E. tarda concentrations (1 × 105 and 1 × 107 colony forming units [cfu] ml-1) were confirmed suitable for an enteritis model by intraperitoneal injection. To develop and evaluate the experimental model, we challenged seahorses with E. tarda and found that (1) the infection inhibited body length increase, significantly decreased body weight (P < 0.05), and induced typical pathological features including anorexia, anal inflammation, and intestinal fluid retention; (2) 19 external (weight, height, anal inflammation, feeding status, and intestinal fluid retention), histological (goblet and inflammatory cell numbers and thickening of lamina propria and muscularis mucosae), and molecular (hepcidin, liver-expressed antimicrobial peptide, lysozyme, piscidin, interleukin [IL]-1β, IL-1β receptor, IL-2, IL-10, interferon1, tumor necrosis factor [TNF]-α, and toll-like receptor 5 [TLR5]) indicators were suitable for model evaluation, as they could sensitively respond and varied similarly throughout the experiment, indicating the high sensitivity of seahorses against pathogen invasion; (3) TLR5 may play an essential role in triggering host immune responses during E. tarda-induced chronic enteritis, and (4) the evaluating system could reflect the pattern and intensity of disease progression. Thus, we developed an experimental model and an evaluating system of bacterial enteritis in farmed seahorses, helping us to reveal the pathogenesis of bacterial enteritis, identify potential therapeutic drugs, and search suitable genetic markers for seahorse molecular breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomeng Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Ludong University, Yantai, 264025, China
| | - Fang Wang
- The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Guozhong Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Ludong University, Yantai, 264025, China
| | - Boya Yang
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai, 264025, China
| | - Jun Chen
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai, 264025, China
| | - Yan Fang
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai, 264025, China
| | - Kai Wang
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai, 264025, China.
| | - Yuping Hou
- School of Life Sciences, Ludong University, Yantai, 264025, China.
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Chen X, Yi Y, You X, Liu J, Shi Q. High-Throughput Identification of Putative Antimicrobial Peptides from Multi-Omics Data of the Lined Seahorse ( Hippocampus erectus). Mar Drugs 2019; 18:md18010030. [PMID: 31905755 PMCID: PMC7024384 DOI: 10.3390/md18010030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Revised: 12/22/2019] [Accepted: 12/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Lined seahorse (Hippocampus erectus), the most widely cultivated seahorse in China, has been in short supply because of its important medicinal value; meanwhile, unnatural deaths caused by various diseases (especially enteritis) have limited their practical large-scale aquaculture. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), as the best alternative to antibiotics, have been extensively applied in agricultural practices. In this study, we identified 290 putative AMP sequences from our previously published genome and transcriptome data of the lined seahorse. Among them, 267 are novel, and 118 were validated by our proteome data generated in the present study. It seems that there is a tissue preference in the distribution of AMP/AMP precursor transcripts, such as lectins in the male pouch. In addition, their transcription levels usually varied during development. Interestingly, the representative lectins kept extremely high levels at the pre-pregnancy stage while at relatively lower levels at other stages. Especially Lectin25, with the highest transcription levels and significant developmental changes, has been reported to be involved in seahorse and human pregnancy. The comparison of transcriptome data between one-day and three-month juveniles indicated that Hemoglobin2 (Hemo2) was significantly upregulated in the body, haslet, and brain. Our proteome data of female and male individuals revealed three putative AMP precursors with sexual specificity, including two male-biased cyclin-dependent kinases (CDK-like16 and CDK-like23) and one female-biased bovine pancreatic trypsin inhibitor 2 (BPTI2). In conclusion, our present high-throughput identification of putative AMP sequences from multi-omics (including genomics, transcriptomics, and proteomics) data provides an overview of AMPs in the popular lined seahorse, which lays a solid foundation for further development of AMP-based fish food additives and human drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiyang Chen
- BGI Education Center, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518083, China; (X.C.); (Y.Y.); (X.Y.)
- Shenzhen Key Lab of Marine Genomics, Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Molecular Breeding in Marine Economic Animals, BGI Academy of Marine Sciences, BGI Marine, BGI, Shenzhen 518083, China
| | - Yunhai Yi
- BGI Education Center, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518083, China; (X.C.); (Y.Y.); (X.Y.)
- Shenzhen Key Lab of Marine Genomics, Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Molecular Breeding in Marine Economic Animals, BGI Academy of Marine Sciences, BGI Marine, BGI, Shenzhen 518083, China
| | - Xinxin You
- BGI Education Center, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518083, China; (X.C.); (Y.Y.); (X.Y.)
- Shenzhen Key Lab of Marine Genomics, Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Molecular Breeding in Marine Economic Animals, BGI Academy of Marine Sciences, BGI Marine, BGI, Shenzhen 518083, China
| | - Jie Liu
- BGI Genomics, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China;
| | - Qiong Shi
- BGI Education Center, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518083, China; (X.C.); (Y.Y.); (X.Y.)
- Shenzhen Key Lab of Marine Genomics, Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Molecular Breeding in Marine Economic Animals, BGI Academy of Marine Sciences, BGI Marine, BGI, Shenzhen 518083, China
- Laboratory of Aquatic Genomics, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-185-6627-9826; Fax: +86-755-3630-7807
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Shao P, Yong P, Wang X, Xie S, Fan Y, Zang L, Cui L, Sun J. Isolation, identification, and histopathological analysis of Vibrio tubiashii from lined seahorse Hippocampus erectus. DISEASES OF AQUATIC ORGANISMS 2019; 133:195-205. [PMID: 31187734 DOI: 10.3354/dao03350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The lined seahorse Hippocampus erectus is an economically important aquaculture species; however, the low survival rate of juvenile seahorses severely restricts their large-scale cultivation. According to previous research, dead juvenile seahorses (4-6 cm) showed symptoms of suspected enteritis, including abdominal depression, raised cloaca, partial hepatic congestion, and yellow sticky liquid filling the intestine. Here, we isolated a Gram-negative bacterium from diseased juvenile seahorses and tentatively named the strain HEL-5. Healthy juvenile seahorses were then challenged with the strain through intraperitoneal injection, with results confirming that HEL-5 was pathogenic for seahorses at a median lethal dose of 5.81 × 105 CFU g-1 fish weight. Based on morphological observations, biochemical characteristics, and sequence analysis of 16S rRNA and housekeeping genes (gyrB, ftsZ, and gapA), we identified HEL-5 as Vibrio tubiashii. Histopathological observations revealed that V. tubiashii was capable of causing lytic necrosis of hepatocytes and forming obvious necrotic foci, and renal pathology was characterized by tubular collapse and tubular epithelial-cell shedding into the lumen accompanied by a large number of inflammatory cells infiltrating the tissues of the intestines and kidneys. Antimicrobial-susceptibility testing showed that the strain was highly sensitive to macrolides, chloramphenicol, sulfonamides, aminoglycosides, and cephalosporins. These findings represent the first report of isolation of V. tubiashii from diseased juvenile seahorses and provide a foundation for the prevention and treatment of vibrio disease in seahorse aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Shao
- Tianjin Key Lab of Aqua-Ecology and Aquaculture, College of Fisheries, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin 300384, PR China
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Qin G, Zhang Y, Zhang B, Wang X, Yin J, Lin Q. Seahorse TLR5 gene responses to Vibrio vulnificus infection, which in combination with scuticociliates causes heavy reductions in seahorse aquaculture. JOURNAL OF FISH DISEASES 2018; 41:1933-1936. [PMID: 30295943 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.12893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2018] [Revised: 06/20/2018] [Accepted: 06/20/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Geng Qin
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jianping Yin
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiang Lin
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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