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Mason HD, Rose E, Gonzalez JE, O'Brien DA. Nocturnal surveys of lined seahorses reveal increased densities and seasonal recruitment patterns. Ecol Evol 2023; 13:e9573. [PMID: 36644702 PMCID: PMC9834011 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.9573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Revised: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Although the nighttime ecology of organisms remains understudied, nocturnal surveys play an integral part in assessing fish assemblages and the selective forces shaping them. Eleuthera (Bahamas) contains an unusual population of lined seahorses (Hippocampus erectus) in an anchialine lake, possessing morphological characteristics distinct from those found in the ocean. Population surveys for seahorses and their potential predators were conducted at midnight and midday during wet and dry seasons, with belt transects perpendicular to the shoreline that increased in depth away from shore. Nocturnal surveys uncovered seahorse densities 259% higher than daytime transects on average. Sex ratios were consistently male-biased, and the frequency of animals from different reproductive categories varied significantly by time of day, with gravid males observed around the clock but females and nongravid males observed more often at night. Spatial and seasonal recruitment was detected for the first time in this species, with an increase in juveniles detected in the shallow ends of transects during dry season surveys. Juvenile recruitment is poorly understood across syngnathid fishes, so the detection of early recruits at night has broad implications for this fish family. Seahorses from all reproductive categories were perched significantly higher in the water column during the night regardless of their depth or season. Predator densities followed a similar pattern with higher densities observed at night, indicating that elevated nocturnal perch height may be a response to predator presence. However, the selective agents driving these nocturnal behaviors have yet to be identified. Considering H. erectus is listed on the IUCN Red List as "Vulnerable," the increase in nocturnal population size and the detection of juveniles has crucial implications for understanding their ecology, recruitment, and conservation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Emily Rose
- The University of TampaTampaFloridaUSA,Present address:
Department of BiologyValdosta State UniversityValdostaGeorgiaUSA
| | | | - Duncan A. O'Brien
- The Center for Ocean Research and EducationGregorytown, EleutheraThe Bahamas,Present address:
School of Biological SciencesUniversity of BristolBristolUK
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Wang X, Wang F, Chen G, Yang B, Chen J, Fang Y, Wang K, Hou Y. Edwardsiella tarda induces enteritis in farmed seahorses ( Hippocampus erectus): An experimental model and its evaluation. Fish Shellfish Immunol 2020; 98:391-400. [PMID: 31991232 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2020.01.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Revised: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial enteritis is an important deadly threat to farmed seahorses. However, its pathogenesis is obscure because of the paucity of reproducible experimental intestinal inflammation models. Herein, a strain of Edwardsiella tarda YT1 from farmed seahorse Hippocampus erectus was isolated and identified by morphological, phylogenetic, and biochemical analysis, and confirmed as a pathogen of enteritis for the first time by challenge experiment. Two E. tarda concentrations (1 × 105 and 1 × 107 colony forming units [cfu] ml-1) were confirmed suitable for an enteritis model by intraperitoneal injection. To develop and evaluate the experimental model, we challenged seahorses with E. tarda and found that (1) the infection inhibited body length increase, significantly decreased body weight (P < 0.05), and induced typical pathological features including anorexia, anal inflammation, and intestinal fluid retention; (2) 19 external (weight, height, anal inflammation, feeding status, and intestinal fluid retention), histological (goblet and inflammatory cell numbers and thickening of lamina propria and muscularis mucosae), and molecular (hepcidin, liver-expressed antimicrobial peptide, lysozyme, piscidin, interleukin [IL]-1β, IL-1β receptor, IL-2, IL-10, interferon1, tumor necrosis factor [TNF]-α, and toll-like receptor 5 [TLR5]) indicators were suitable for model evaluation, as they could sensitively respond and varied similarly throughout the experiment, indicating the high sensitivity of seahorses against pathogen invasion; (3) TLR5 may play an essential role in triggering host immune responses during E. tarda-induced chronic enteritis, and (4) the evaluating system could reflect the pattern and intensity of disease progression. Thus, we developed an experimental model and an evaluating system of bacterial enteritis in farmed seahorses, helping us to reveal the pathogenesis of bacterial enteritis, identify potential therapeutic drugs, and search suitable genetic markers for seahorse molecular breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomeng Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Ludong University, Yantai, 264025, China
| | - Fang Wang
- The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Guozhong Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Ludong University, Yantai, 264025, China
| | - Boya Yang
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai, 264025, China
| | - Jun Chen
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai, 264025, China
| | - Yan Fang
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai, 264025, China
| | - Kai Wang
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai, 264025, China.
| | - Yuping Hou
- School of Life Sciences, Ludong University, Yantai, 264025, China.
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3
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Shao P, Yong P, Wang X, Xie S, Fan Y, Zang L, Cui L, Sun J. Isolation, identification, and histopathological analysis of Vibrio tubiashii from lined seahorse Hippocampus erectus. Dis Aquat Organ 2019; 133:195-205. [PMID: 31187734 DOI: 10.3354/dao03350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The lined seahorse Hippocampus erectus is an economically important aquaculture species; however, the low survival rate of juvenile seahorses severely restricts their large-scale cultivation. According to previous research, dead juvenile seahorses (4-6 cm) showed symptoms of suspected enteritis, including abdominal depression, raised cloaca, partial hepatic congestion, and yellow sticky liquid filling the intestine. Here, we isolated a Gram-negative bacterium from diseased juvenile seahorses and tentatively named the strain HEL-5. Healthy juvenile seahorses were then challenged with the strain through intraperitoneal injection, with results confirming that HEL-5 was pathogenic for seahorses at a median lethal dose of 5.81 × 105 CFU g-1 fish weight. Based on morphological observations, biochemical characteristics, and sequence analysis of 16S rRNA and housekeeping genes (gyrB, ftsZ, and gapA), we identified HEL-5 as Vibrio tubiashii. Histopathological observations revealed that V. tubiashii was capable of causing lytic necrosis of hepatocytes and forming obvious necrotic foci, and renal pathology was characterized by tubular collapse and tubular epithelial-cell shedding into the lumen accompanied by a large number of inflammatory cells infiltrating the tissues of the intestines and kidneys. Antimicrobial-susceptibility testing showed that the strain was highly sensitive to macrolides, chloramphenicol, sulfonamides, aminoglycosides, and cephalosporins. These findings represent the first report of isolation of V. tubiashii from diseased juvenile seahorses and provide a foundation for the prevention and treatment of vibrio disease in seahorse aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Shao
- Tianjin Key Lab of Aqua-Ecology and Aquaculture, College of Fisheries, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin 300384, PR China
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Jiang H, Wang K, Fang Y, Chen J, Li Y, Xia G, Zhang Y, Liu Y, Ren C, Lin Q. Sex-biased regulation of respiratory burst, phagocytic activity and plasma immune factors in lined seahorse ( Hippocampus erectus) after subchronic benzo[a]pyrene exposure. Fish Shellfish Immunol 2019; 86:1162-1168. [PMID: 30599255 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2018.12.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2018] [Revised: 12/22/2018] [Accepted: 12/28/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Both wild and aquacultured seahorses are currently under great threat from marine pollution, notably from the potent contaminant and carcinogen benzo[a]pyrene (BaP). However, very little data are available regarding the immunomodulating effects of BaP in seahorses. Therefore, in this study, we exposed lined seahorses (Hippocampus erectus) for 7 d to BaP at three dosages (0.5, 5, and 50 μg/L) to evaluate sexual dimorphism in immune response. We measured eight immune parameters in the blood, including respiratory burst (RB), phagocytic activity (PA), monocytes/leucocytes, immunoglobulin M, complement 3, complement, interferon-a, and interleukin-2. Male seahorses had significantly higher parameters than females, except in terms of monocytes/leucocytes (P < 0.05). Although flow cytometry showed that RB and PA variation per BaP dose were roughly similar across sexes, RB and PA exhibited distinct patterns. Additionally, fluorescence intensity and leucocyte percentage were positively correlated in PA but not RB for all treatment and sex combinations. Through ELISA, we showed that the other six parameters had complex responses that nevertheless varied in a BaP-dosage and sex-dependent manner. Overall, adult male seahorses had higher immunocompetence than females before BaP exposure, and sexual dimorphism continued to be apparent during BaP exposure. Furthermore, all eight parameters were sensitive to BaP. Based on these results, we highly recommend H. erectus as a sentinel species for crude contamination, whereas PA and RB are valuable bioindicators of marine contaminants such as BaP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Jiang
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai, 264025, China
| | - Kai Wang
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai, 264025, China.
| | - Yan Fang
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai, 264025, China
| | - Jun Chen
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai, 264025, China
| | - Yanmin Li
- School of Life Sciences, Ludong University, Yantai, 264025, China
| | - Guangbo Xia
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai, 264025, China
| | - Yingfeng Zhang
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai, 264025, China
| | - Yu Liu
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai, 264025, China
| | - Chuanbo Ren
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Restoration for Marine Ecology, Shandong Marine Resource and Environment Research Institute, Yantai, 264006, China
| | - Qiang Lin
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, China.
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Zhang H, Qin G, Sun J, Zhang B, Lin Q. The evolution and functional characterization of lined seahorse ( Hippocampus erectus) CCKs involved in fasting and thermal stress response. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2018; 255:56-63. [PMID: 29051075 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2017.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2017] [Revised: 09/27/2017] [Accepted: 10/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The peptide cholecystokinin (CCK) plays an important role in the regulation of vertebrate appetite and feeding behaviour. In the present study, the full-length cDNA and genomic DNA sequences of two CCK precursors were cloned and analysed in the Syngnathidae fish, the lined seahorse (Hippocampus erectus). Both CCK1 and CCK2 in the seahorse consist of four exons. The sequence of the octapeptide of seahorse CCK1 (DYMGWMDF) was the same as that of the chicken and human, while the octapeptide of seahorse CCK2 (DYEGWMDF) was unique among vertebrates. According to the phylogenetic analysis, two types of CCKs were produced by teleost-specific genome duplication (TGD). Both CCK1 and CCK2 were highly expressed in the brain, while detectable amounts of CCK1 mRNA in the brood pouch and CCK2 mRNA in the intestine were also found. Both CCK1 and CCK2 mRNA levels significantly increased during the transition from endogenous to exogenous nutrition. Additionally, fasting induced a significant increase in the CCK1 mRNA expression in the brain of juvenile seahorses but had no effect on CCK2 transcript levels. In addition, the CCK1 and CCK2 mRNA levels in the seahorse brain significantly increased after a high-temperature treatment. Thus, the mRNA expression of CCK had obvious tissue specificities and this preliminary study opens new avenues for further functional studies on the endocrine regulations of CCK in the transition from endogenous to exogenous nutrition, food intake regulation and metabolism in the seahorse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huixian Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510301, PR China
| | - Geng Qin
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510301, PR China
| | - Jinhui Sun
- Tianjin Key Lab of Aqua-Ecology and Aquaculture, College of Fisheries, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin 300384, PR China
| | - Bo Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510301, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Qiang Lin
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510301, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China.
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Lin T, Liu X, Xiao D, Zhang D. Plasma levels of immune factors and sex steroids in the male seahorse Hippocampus erectus during a breeding cycle. Fish Physiol Biochem 2017; 43:889-899. [PMID: 28197868 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-017-0343-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2016] [Accepted: 01/09/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
To better understand the endocrine- and immune-response pattern during reproduction in a fish species having parental care behaviors and also to accumulate the endocrine- and immune-related data for future explanations of the low reproductive efficiency in seahorse species, the variations of immune factors and sex steroids in the plasma of the male lined seahorse Hippocampus erectus at different breeding stages, i.e., pre-pregnancy, pregnancy (early, middle, and late periods), and post-pregnancy, were investigated in the present study. The immune factors included monocytes/leucocytes (M/L), leucocyte phagocytic rate (LPR), immunoglobulin M (Ig M), interleukin-2 (IL-2), interferon-α (IFN-α), and lysozyme (LZM). The sex steroids included testosterone (T), 11-ketotestosterone (11-KT), 11β-hydroxytestosterone (11β-OHT), 17α-methyltestosterone (17α-MT), 17β-estradiol (E2), and 17α-hydroxy-20β-dihydroprogesterone (17α-20β-P). Moreover, the immune metabolic activity of epithelium cells in the brood pouch at different breeding stages was also analyzed through ultrastructural observations of the abundance of cytoplasmic granules, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, lysosomes, and exocytosis. The results show that a higher immune level was observed during pregnancy, particularly in the early and middle periods, and a lower immune level was noted during pre-pregnancy. Correspondingly, the epithelium cells in the brood pouch also showed a stronger immune metabolic activity during pregnancy and weaker activity during pre-pregnancy. Four sex steroids of T, 11β-OHT, 17α-MT, and E2 were higher during pre-pregnancy and lower during post-pregnancy, whereas 11-KT and 17α-20β-P, which were positively correlated with part immune factors, were higher during pregnancy. No negative correlations between sex steroids and immune factors were observed. In conclusion, the higher immune competence during pregnancy may indicate that parental care could improve immunity, which may be the major factor for no immunosuppressive effect of sex steroids during reproduction in the seahorse H. erectus, unlike noncaregiving fishes in which inhibitions of sex steroids on immunity are frequently observed. Moreover, higher 11-KT and 17α-20β-P during pregnancy than during pre-pregnancy and post-pregnancy may suggest that these two steroids are also involved in parental care regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Lin
- Key Laboratory of East China Sea and Oceanic Fishery Resources Exploitation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai, 200090, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Liu
- Key Laboratory of East China Sea and Oceanic Fishery Resources Exploitation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai, 200090, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongxue Xiao
- Key Laboratory of East China Sea and Oceanic Fishery Resources Exploitation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai, 200090, People's Republic of China
| | - Dong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of East China Sea and Oceanic Fishery Resources Exploitation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai, 200090, People's Republic of China.
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Luo W, Wang X, Qu H, Qin G, Zhang H, Lin Q. Genomic structure and expression pattern of MHC IIα and IIβ genes reveal an unusual immune trait in lined seahorse Hippocampus erectus. Fish Shellfish Immunol 2016; 58:521-529. [PMID: 27697560 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2016.09.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2016] [Revised: 09/26/2016] [Accepted: 09/30/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The major histocompatibility complex (MHC) genes are crucial in the adaptive immune system, and the gene duplication of MHC in animals can generally result in immune flexibility. In this study, we found that the lined seahorse (Hippocampus erectus) has only one gene copy number (GCN) of MHC IIα and IIβ, which is different from that in other teleosts. Together with the lack of spleen and gut-associated lymphatic tissue (GALT), the seahorse may be referred to as having a partial but natural "immunodeficiency". Highly variable amino acid residues were found in the IIα and IIβ domains, especially in the α1 and β1 domains with 9.62% and 8.43% allelic variation, respectively. Site models revealed seven and ten positively selected positions in the α1 and β1 domains, respectively. Real-time PCR experiments showed high expression levels of the MHC II genes in intestine (In), gill (Gi) and trunk kidney (TK) and medium in muscle (Mu) and brood pouch (BP), and the expression levels were significantly up-regulated after bacterial infection. Specially, relative higher expression level of both MHC IIα and IIβ was found in Mu and BP when compared with other fish species, in which MHC II is expressed negligibly in Mu. These results indicate that apart from TK, Gi and In, MU and BP play an important role in the immune response against pathogens in the seahorse. In conclusion, high allelic variation and strong positive selection in PBR and relative higher expression in MU and BP are speculated to partly compensate for the immunodeficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Luo
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China
| | - Xin Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hongyue Qu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Geng Qin
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China
| | - Huixian Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China
| | - Qiang Lin
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China.
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Rose E, Masonjones HD, Jones AG. A DNA-Based Assessment of the Phylogenetic Position of a Morphologically Distinct, Anchialine-Lake-Restricted Seahorse. J Hered 2016; 107:553-8. [PMID: 27481774 DOI: 10.1093/jhered/esw048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2016] [Accepted: 07/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Isolated populations provide special opportunities to study local adaptation and incipient speciation. In some cases, however, morphological evolution can obscure the taxonomic status of recently founded populations. Here, we use molecular markers to show that an anchialine-lake-restricted population of seahorses, originally identified as Hippocampus reidi, appears on the basis of DNA data to be Hippocampus erectus We collected seahorses from Sweetings Pond, on Eleuthera Island, Bahamas, during the summer of 2014. We measured morphological traits and sequenced 2 genes, cytochrome b and ribosomal protein S7, from 19 seahorses in our sample. On the basis of morphology, Sweetings Pond seahorses could not be assigned definitively to either of the 2 species of seahorse, H. reidi and H. erectus, that occur in marine waters surrounding the Bahamas. However, our DNA-based phylogenetic analysis showed that the Sweetings Pond fish were firmly nested within the H. erectus clade with a Bayesian posterior probability greater than 0.99. Thus, Sweetings Pond seahorses most recently shared a common ancestor with H. erectus populations from the Western Atlantic. Interestingly, the seahorses from Sweetings Pond differ morphologically from other marine populations of H. erectus in having a more even torso to tail length ratio. The substantial habitat differences between Sweetings Pond and the surrounding coastal habitat make Sweetings Pond seahorses particularly interesting from the perspectives of conservation, local adaptation, and incipient speciation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Rose
- From the Biology Department, Texas A&M University, 3258 TAMU College Station, TX 77843 (Rose and Jones) and Biology Department, University of Tampa, Tampa, FL (Masonjones).
| | - Heather D Masonjones
- From the Biology Department, Texas A&M University, 3258 TAMU College Station, TX 77843 (Rose and Jones) and Biology Department, University of Tampa, Tampa, FL (Masonjones)
| | - Adam G Jones
- From the Biology Department, Texas A&M University, 3258 TAMU College Station, TX 77843 (Rose and Jones) and Biology Department, University of Tampa, Tampa, FL (Masonjones)
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Wang X, Zhang Y, Qin G, Luo W, Lin Q. A novel pathogenic bacteria (Vibrio fortis) causing enteritis in cultured seahorses, Hippocampus erectus Perry, 1810. J Fish Dis 2016; 39:765-769. [PMID: 26466548 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.12411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2015] [Revised: 07/24/2015] [Accepted: 07/24/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- X Wang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-Resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Y Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-Resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - G Qin
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-Resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - W Luo
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-Resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Q Lin
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-Resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
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Boylan SM, Camus A, Waltzek T, Yarbrough L, Miller SR, Howard S. Liquid nitrogen cryotherapy for fibromas in tarpon, Megalops atlanticus, Valenciennes 1847, and neoplasia in lined sea horse, Hippocampus erectus, Perry 1810. J Fish Dis 2015; 38:681-685. [PMID: 25039679 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.12276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2014] [Accepted: 05/16/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- S M Boylan
- Department of Husbandry, South Carolina Aquarium, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - A Camus
- Department of Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - T Waltzek
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - L Yarbrough
- Mount Pleasant Dermatology, LLC, Mount Pleasant, SC, USA
| | - S R Miller
- Department of Husbandry, South Carolina Aquarium, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - S Howard
- Department of Husbandry, South Carolina Aquarium, Charleston, SC, USA
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Zhang Y, Zhang H, Lin Q, Huang L. Complete mitochondrial genome sequence of the lined seahorse Hippocampus erectus Perry, 1810 (Gasterosteiformes: Syngnathidae). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 26:659-60. [PMID: 24102600 DOI: 10.3109/19401736.2013.840595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
The complete mitochondrial genome sequence of the lined seahorse Hippocampus erectus was first determined in this article. The total length of H. erectus mitogenome is 16,529 bp, which consists of 13 protein-coding genes, 22 tRNA and 2 rRNA genes and 1 control region. The features of the H. erectus mitochondrial genome were similar to the typical vertebrates. The overall base composition of H. erectus is 31.8% A, 28.6% T, 24.3% C and 15.3% G, with a slight A + T rich feature (60.4%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhong Zhang
- a Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology , South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Guangzhou , Guangdong , China
| | - Huixian Zhang
- a Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology , South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Guangzhou , Guangdong , China
| | - Qiang Lin
- a Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology , South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Guangzhou , Guangdong , China
| | - Liangmin Huang
- a Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology , South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Guangzhou , Guangdong , China
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Lin Q, Li G, Qin G, Lin J, Huang L, Sun H, Feng P. The dynamics of reproductive rate, offspring survivorship and growth in the lined seahorse, Hippocampus erectus Perry, 1810. Biol Open 2012; 1:391-6. [PMID: 23213429 PMCID: PMC3509459 DOI: 10.1242/bio.2012398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Seahorses are the vertebrate group with the embryonic development occurring within a special pouch in males. To understand the reproductive efficiency of the lined seahorse, Hippocampus erectus Perry, 1810 under controlled breeding experiments, we investigated the dynamics of reproductive rate, offspring survivorship and growth over births by the same male seahorses. The mean brood size of the 1-year old pairs in the 1st birth was 85.4±56.9 per brood, which was significantly smaller than that in the 6th birth (465.9±136.4 per brood) (P<0.001). The offspring survivorship and growth rate increased with the births. The fecundity was positively correlated with the length of brood pouches of males and trunk of females. The fecundity of 1-year old male and 2-year old female pairs was significantly higher than that from 1-year old couples (P<0.001). The brood size (552.7±150.4) of the males who mated with females that were isolated for the gamete-preparation, was larger than those (467.8±141.2) from the long-term pairs (P<0.05). Moreover, the offspring from the isolated females had higher survival and growth rates. Our results showed that the potential reproductive rate of seahorses H. erectus increased with the brood pouch development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Lin
- Key Laboratory of Marine Bio-resource Sustainable Utilization, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Guangzhou 510301 , P. R. China ; Vero Beach Marine Laboratory, Florida Institute of Technology , Vero Beach, FL 32963 , USA
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