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Tian C, Wang Y, Wang R, Pan L, Xu T. Pharmacological and therapeutic effects of natural products on liver regeneration-a comprehensive research. Chin Med 2025; 20:57. [PMID: 40329344 PMCID: PMC12057117 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-025-01108-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2025] [Indexed: 05/08/2025] Open
Abstract
Liver regeneration (LR) refers to the physiological process by which hepatocytes undergo cellular proliferation to restore the structure and function of the liver following significant hepatocyte loss due to injury or partial hepatectomy (PH). While the liver possesses a remarkable regenerative capacity, this process is tightly regulated to ensure appropriate cessation once homeostasis is reestablished. Various strategies, including technological interventions and pharmacological agents, have been explored to enhance LR. Among these, natural products have emerged as promising candidates for promoting LR. For instance, quercetin, a natural compound, has been shown to enhance LR following PH by maintaining redox homeostasis and stimulating hepatocyte proliferation. However, natural products present certain limitations, such as poor solubility and low bioavailability, which may hinder their clinical application. Modifications in the formulation and mode of administration have demonstrated potential in overcoming these challenges and optimizing their pharmacological effects. Recent advancements in research have further highlighted the growing relevance of natural products, including traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), in the context of LR. Despite this progress, a comprehensive and systematic review of their roles, mechanisms, and therapeutic potential remains lacking. This review aims to bridge this gap by summarizing natural products with demonstrated potential to promote LR. Drawing on data from PubMed, Web of Science, and CNKI databases, it elucidates their pharmacological effects and regulatory mechanisms, providing a valuable reference for future research and clinical application in the field of LR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Tian
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
- Anhui Key Lab of Bioactivity of Natural Products, Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Yuhan Wang
- International Cooperation and Exchange Department, Shanghai General Hospital, 85/86 Wujin Road, Hongkou District, Shanghai, 200434, China
| | - Ran Wang
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
- Anhui Key Lab of Bioactivity of Natural Products, Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Linxin Pan
- College of Life Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.
| | - Tao Xu
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.
- Anhui Key Lab of Bioactivity of Natural Products, Institute for Liver Diseases of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.
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2
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Zhang X, Li S, Hao L, Jia F, Yu F, Hu X. Influencing factors and mechanism of hepatocyte regeneration. J Transl Med 2025; 23:493. [PMID: 40307789 PMCID: PMC12042435 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-025-06278-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2025] [Indexed: 05/02/2025] Open
Abstract
As a research hotspot in the field of regenerative medicine, hepatocyte regeneration has great potential in the treatment of liver diseases. This paper comprehensively summarizes the diverse sources of hepatocyte regeneration and its complex influencing factors, and deeply discusses the typical mechanism. According to the existing research, we observed that Wnt signaling pathway and Notch signaling pathway can play a synergistic role in the process of hepatocyte regeneration. So we further analyzed the crosstalk between Wnt and Notch signal pathway and the cross mechanism with TGF-β, YAP/TAZ pathway during regeneration. Despite the remarkable progress in the study of liver regeneration at the cellular and molecular levels, the comprehensive understanding of the fine regulation of influencing factors and the interaction between mechanisms still needs to be deepened. This paper aims to systematically analyze the interaction between influencing factors and classical mechanisms of hepatocyte regeneration by integrating multi-group data and advanced bioinformatics methods, so as to provide feasible ideas for the treatment of liver diseases and lay a solid theoretical foundation for the future development of regenerative medicine. It is believed that focusing on the rational development of innovative means such as inducing gene tendentiousness expression and anti-aging therapy, and in-depth analysis of the complex interactive network between hepatocyte regeneration mechanisms are expected to open up a new road for the development of more effective treatment strategies for liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyi Zhang
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.39, Shierqiao Road, Jinniu District, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Clinical Medical College of Chengdu, University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Shenghao Li
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.39, Shierqiao Road, Jinniu District, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Clinical Medical College of Chengdu, University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Liyuan Hao
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.39, Shierqiao Road, Jinniu District, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Clinical Medical College of Chengdu, University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Fukang Jia
- Henan University of Traditional Chinese, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Fei Yu
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.39, Shierqiao Road, Jinniu District, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Clinical Medical College of Chengdu, University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoyu Hu
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.39, Shierqiao Road, Jinniu District, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
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3
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Ma X, Huang T, Chen X, Li Q, Liao M, Fu L, Huang J, Yuan K, Wang Z, Zeng Y. Molecular mechanisms in liver repair and regeneration: from physiology to therapeutics. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2025; 10:63. [PMID: 39920130 PMCID: PMC11806117 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-024-02104-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 09/02/2024] [Accepted: 12/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2025] Open
Abstract
Liver repair and regeneration are crucial physiological responses to hepatic injury and are orchestrated through intricate cellular and molecular networks. This review systematically delineates advancements in the field, emphasizing the essential roles played by diverse liver cell types. Their coordinated actions, supported by complex crosstalk within the liver microenvironment, are pivotal to enhancing regenerative outcomes. Recent molecular investigations have elucidated key signaling pathways involved in liver injury and regeneration. Viewed through the lens of metabolic reprogramming, these pathways highlight how shifts in glucose, lipid, and amino acid metabolism support the cellular functions essential for liver repair and regeneration. An analysis of regenerative variability across pathological states reveals how disease conditions influence these dynamics, guiding the development of novel therapeutic strategies and advanced techniques to enhance liver repair and regeneration. Bridging laboratory findings with practical applications, recent clinical trials highlight the potential of optimizing liver regeneration strategies. These trials offer valuable insights into the effectiveness of novel therapies and underscore significant progress in translational research. In conclusion, this review intricately links molecular insights to therapeutic frontiers, systematically charting the trajectory from fundamental physiological mechanisms to innovative clinical applications in liver repair and regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Ma
- Division of Liver Surgery, Department of General Surgery and Laboratory of Liver Surgery, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Tengda Huang
- Division of Liver Surgery, Department of General Surgery and Laboratory of Liver Surgery, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Xiangzheng Chen
- Division of Liver Surgery, Department of General Surgery and Laboratory of Liver Surgery, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Qian Li
- Division of Liver Surgery, Department of General Surgery and Laboratory of Liver Surgery, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Mingheng Liao
- Division of Liver Surgery, Department of General Surgery and Laboratory of Liver Surgery, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Li Fu
- Division of Liver Surgery, Department of General Surgery and Laboratory of Liver Surgery, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Jiwei Huang
- Division of Liver Surgery, Department of General Surgery and Laboratory of Liver Surgery, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Kefei Yuan
- Division of Liver Surgery, Department of General Surgery and Laboratory of Liver Surgery, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- Division of Liver Surgery, Department of General Surgery and Laboratory of Liver Surgery, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China.
| | - Yong Zeng
- Division of Liver Surgery, Department of General Surgery and Laboratory of Liver Surgery, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China.
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Xue H, Nie H, Huang Z, Lu B, Wei M, Xu H, Ji L. 2,3,5,4'-tetrahydroxy-stilbene-2-O-β-D-glucoside promotes liver regeneration after partial hepatectomy in mice: The potential involvement of PPARα-mediated fatty acid metabolism. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 334:118513. [PMID: 38969151 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2024] [Revised: 06/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/30/2024] [Indexed: 07/07/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE 2,3,5,4'-tetrahydroxy-stilbene-2-O-β-D-glucoside (TSG) is the principal bioactive compound contained in Polygonum multiflorum Thunb. (PMT), which is traditionally recorded to possess tonic and anti-aging efficacy. AIM OF THE STUDY To identify the TSG-provided promotion on liver regeneration (LR) following partial hepatectomy (PHx) in mice and to explicate its involved mechanism. MATERIALS AND METHODS The promotion of TSG on LR was evaluated by hematoxylin and eosin (H&E), 5-bromodeoxyuridinc (BrdU) and Ki-67 staining, and measuring the level of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and Cyclin D1 in mice with PHx at different time points. Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO, GSE15239) database and the label-free quantitative proteomics from liver of mice at 24 h after PHx were integrated to identify potential involved critical proteins, which were verified by Western-blot, Real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), molecular docking and luciferase activity assay. Primary hepatocytes isolated from mice were used to investigate the TSG-provided promotion on proliferation in vitro. RESULTS TSG (20 mg/kg) promoted LR in mice after PHx. Results from RNA expression data from clinical samples and proteomic analysis from liver tissues indicated that peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα)-mediated fatty acid metabolism pathway were crucially associated with the TSG-provided promotion on LR. TSG enhanced the nuclear translocation of PPARα and the mRNA expression of a series of PPARα-regulated downstream genes. In addition, TSG lowered hepatic triglyceride (TG) and non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA) amounts and increased hepatic adenosine triphosphate (ATP) level in mice after PHx. TSG up-regulated the transcriptional activity of PPARα in vitro. Next results displayed that TSG promoted cell proliferation as well as ATP level in mice primary hepatocytes, which were abolished when PPARα was suppressed. Meanwhile, the cell viability was also elevated in mice primary hepatocytes treated with ATP. CONCLUSION Activating PPARα-mediated fatty acid β-oxidation (FAO) pathway led to the production of ATP, which contributed to the TSG-provided promotion on LR after PHx in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoyu Xue
- The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines and The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Huizhong Nie
- Department of TCM Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Zhenlin Huang
- The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines and The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Bin Lu
- The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines and The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Mengjuan Wei
- The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines and The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Hong Xu
- The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines and The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Lili Ji
- The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines and The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
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5
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Hack SJ, Petereit J, Tseng KAS. Temporal Transcriptomic Profiling of the Developing Xenopus laevis Eye. Cells 2024; 13:1390. [PMID: 39195278 PMCID: PMC11352439 DOI: 10.3390/cells13161390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2024] [Revised: 08/06/2024] [Accepted: 08/14/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Retinal progenitor cells (RPCs) are a multipotent and highly proliferative population that give rise to all retinal cell types during organogenesis. Defining their molecular signature is a key step towards identifying suitable approaches to treat visual impairments. Here, we performed RNA sequencing of whole eyes from Xenopus at three embryonic stages and used differential expression analysis to define the transcriptomic profiles of optic tissues containing proliferating and differentiating RPCs during retinogenesis. Gene Ontology and KEGG pathway analyses showed that genes associated with developmental pathways (including Wnt and Hedgehog signaling) were upregulated during the period of active RPC proliferation in early retinal development (Nieuwkoop Faber st. 24 and 27). Developing eyes had dynamic expression profiles and shifted to enrichment for metabolic processes and phototransduction during RPC progeny specification and differentiation (st. 35). Furthermore, conserved adult eye regeneration genes were also expressed during early retinal development, including sox2, pax6, nrl, and Notch signaling components. The eye transcriptomic profiles presented here span RPC proliferation to retinogenesis and include regrowth-competent stages. Thus, our dataset provides a rich resource to uncover molecular regulators of RPC activity and will allow future studies to address regulators of RPC proliferation during eye repair and regrowth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha J. Hack
- Department of Biological Sciences, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, MI 49008, USA
| | - Juli Petereit
- Nevada Bioinformatics Center, University of Nevada, Reno, NV 89557, USA
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Banerjee A, Farci P. Fibrosis and Hepatocarcinogenesis: Role of Gene-Environment Interactions in Liver Disease Progression. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:8641. [PMID: 39201329 PMCID: PMC11354981 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25168641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2024] [Revised: 07/23/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 09/02/2024] Open
Abstract
The liver is a complex organ that performs vital functions in the body. Despite its extraordinary regenerative capacity compared to other organs, exposure to chemical, infectious, metabolic and immunologic insults and toxins renders the liver vulnerable to inflammation, degeneration and fibrosis. Abnormal wound healing response mediated by aberrant signaling pathways causes chronic activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) and excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM), leading to hepatic fibrosis and cirrhosis. Fibrosis plays a key role in liver carcinogenesis. Once thought to be irreversible, recent clinical studies show that hepatic fibrosis can be reversed, even in the advanced stage. Experimental evidence shows that removal of the insult or injury can inactivate HSCs and reduce the inflammatory response, eventually leading to activation of fibrolysis and degradation of ECM. Thus, it is critical to understand the role of gene-environment interactions in the context of liver fibrosis progression and regression in order to identify specific therapeutic targets for optimized treatment to induce fibrosis regression, prevent HCC development and, ultimately, improve the clinical outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anindita Banerjee
- Department of Transfusion Transmitted Diseases, ICMR-National Institute of Immunohaematology, Mumbai 400012, Maharashtra, India;
| | - Patrizia Farci
- Hepatic Pathogenesis Section, Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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7
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Hack SJ, Petereit J, Tseng KAS. Temporal Transcriptomic Profiling of the Developing Xenopus laevis Eye. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.07.20.603187. [PMID: 39091861 PMCID: PMC11291033 DOI: 10.1101/2024.07.20.603187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
Retinal progenitor cells (RPCs) are a multipotent and highly proliferative population that give rise to all retinal cell types during organogenesis. Defining their molecular signature is a key step towards identifying suitable approaches to treat visual impairments. Here, we performed RNA-sequencing of whole eyes from Xenopus at three embryonic stages and used differential expression analysis to define the transcriptomic profiles of optic tissues containing proliferating and differentiating RPCs during retinogenesis. Gene Ontology and KEGG pathway analyses showed that genes associated with developmental pathways (including Wnt and Hedgehog signaling) were upregulated during the period of active RPC proliferation in early retinal development (Nieuwkoop Faber st. 24 and 27). Developing eyes had dynamic expression profiles and shifted to enrichment for metabolic processes and phototransduction during RPC progeny specification and differentiation (st. 35). Furthermore, conserved adult eye regeneration genes were also expressed during early retinal development including sox2, pax6, nrl, and Notch signaling components. The eye transcriptomic profiles presented here span RPC proliferation to retinogenesis and included regrowth-competent stages. Thus, our dataset provides a rich resource to uncover molecular regulators of RPC activity and will allow future studies to address regulators of RPC proliferation during eye repair and regrowth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha J. Hack
- Department of Biological Sciences, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, MI 49008, USA
| | - Juli Petereit
- Nevada Bioinformatics Center, University of Nevada, Reno
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Dai Y, Peng Y, Lu Z, Mao T, Chen K, Lu X, Liu K, Zhou X, Hu W, Wang H. Prenatal prednisone exposure impacts liver development and function in fetal mice and its characteristics. Toxicol Sci 2024; 199:63-80. [PMID: 38439560 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfae027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Prednisone, a widely used glucocorticoid drug in human and veterinary medicine, has been reported to cause developmental toxicity. However, systematic studies about the effect of prednisone on fetal liver development are still unclear. We investigated the potential effects of maternal exposure to clinically equivalent doses of prednisone during different gestational stages on cell proliferation and apoptosis, cell differentiation, glucose and lipid metabolism, and hematopoiesis in the liver of fetal mice, and explored the potential mechanisms. Results showed that prenatal prednisone exposure (PPE) could suppress cell proliferation, inhibit hepatocyte differentiation, and promote cholangiocyte differentiation in the fetal liver. Meanwhile, PPE could result in the enhancement of glyconeogenesis and bile acid synthesis and the inhibition of fatty acid β-oxidation and hematopoiesis in the fetal liver. Further analysis found that PPE-induced alterations in liver development had obvious stage and sex differences. Overall, the alteration in fetal liver development and function induced by PPE was most pronounced during the whole pregnancy (GD0-18), and the males were relatively more affected than the females. Additionally, fetal hepatic insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) signaling pathway was inhibited by PPE. In conclusion, PPE could impact fetal liver development and multiple functions, and these alterations might be partially related to the inhibition of IGF1 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongguo Dai
- Department of Pharmacology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei Province 430071, China
| | - Yu Peng
- Department of Pharmacology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei Province 430071, China
| | - Zhengjie Lu
- Department of Pharmacology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei Province 430071, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province 430071, China
| | - Tongyun Mao
- Department of Pharmacology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei Province 430071, China
| | - Kaiqi Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei Province 430071, China
| | - Xiaoqian Lu
- Department of Pharmacology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei Province 430071, China
| | - Kexin Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province 430071, China
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei Province 430071, China
| | - Xinli Zhou
- Department of Pharmacology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei Province 430071, China
| | - Wen Hu
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province 430071, China
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei Province 430071, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei Province 430071, China
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei Province 430071, China
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Iqbal A, Van Hul N, Belicova L, Corbat AA, Hankeova S, Andersson ER. Spatially segregated defects and IGF1-responsiveness of hilar and peripheral biliary organoids from a model of Alagille syndrome. Liver Int 2024; 44:541-558. [PMID: 38014627 DOI: 10.1111/liv.15789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Alagille syndrome (ALGS) manifests with peripheral intrahepatic bile duct (IHBD) paucity, which can spontaneously resolve. In a model for ALGS, Jag1Ndr/Ndr mice, this occurs with distinct architectural mechanisms in hilar and peripheral IHBDs. Here, we investigated region-specific IHBD characteristics and addressed whether IGF1, a cholangiocyte mitogen that is downregulated in ALGS and in Jag1Ndr/Ndr mice, can improve biliary outcomes. METHODS Intrahepatic cholangiocyte organoids (ICOs) were derived from hilar and peripheral adult Jag1+/+ and Jag1Ndr/Ndr livers (hICOs and pICOs, respectively). ICOs were grown in Matrigel or microwell arrays, and characterized using bulk RNA sequencing, immunofluorescence, and high throughput analyses of nuclear sizes. ICOs were treated with IGF1, followed by analyses of growth, proliferation, and death. CellProfiler and Python scripts were custom written for image analyses. Key results were validated in vivo by immunostaining. RESULTS Cell growth assays and transcriptomics demonstrated that Jag1Ndr/Ndr ICOs were less proliferative than Jag1+/+ ICOs. IGF1 specifically rescued survival and growth of Jag1Ndr/Ndr pICOs. Jag1Ndr/Ndr hICOs were the least proliferative, with lower Notch signalling and an enrichment of hepatocyte signatures and IGF uptake/transport pathways. In vitro (Jag1Ndr/Ndr hICOs) and in vivo (Jag1Ndr/Ndr hilar portal tracts) analyses revealed ectopic HNF4a+ hepatocytes. CONCLUSIONS Hilar and peripheral Jag1Ndr/Ndr ICOs exhibit differences in Notch signalling status, proliferation, and cholangiocyte commitment which may result in cholangiocyte-to-hepatocyte transdifferentiation. While Jag1Ndr/Ndr pICOs can be rescued by IGF1, hICOs are unresponsive, perhaps due to their hepatocyte-like state and/or expression of IGF transport components. IGF1 represents a potential therapeutic for peripheral bile ducts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afshan Iqbal
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Noemi Van Hul
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lenka Belicova
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Agustin A Corbat
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Simona Hankeova
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Emma R Andersson
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Zhang C, Sun C, Zhao Y, Ye B, Yu G. Signaling pathways of liver regeneration: Biological mechanisms and implications. iScience 2024; 27:108683. [PMID: 38155779 PMCID: PMC10753089 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.108683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The liver possesses a unique regenerative ability to restore its original mass, in this regard, partial hepatectomy (PHx) and partial liver transplantation (PLTx) can be executed smoothly and safely, which has important implications for the treatment of liver disease. Liver regeneration (LR) can be the very complicated procedure that involves multiple cytokines and transcription factors that interact with each other to activate different signaling pathways. Activation of these pathways can drive the LR process, which can be divided into three stages, namely, the initiation, progression, and termination stages. Therefore, it is important to investigate the pathways involved in LR to elucidate the mechanism of LR. This study reviews the latest research on the key signaling pathways in the different stages of LR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory Cell Differentiation and Regulation, Henan International Joint Laboratory of Pulmonary Fibrosis, Henan Center for Outstanding Overseas Scientists of Pulmonary Fibrosis, College of Life Science, Institute of Biomedical Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Caifang Sun
- State Key Laboratory Cell Differentiation and Regulation, Henan International Joint Laboratory of Pulmonary Fibrosis, Henan Center for Outstanding Overseas Scientists of Pulmonary Fibrosis, College of Life Science, Institute of Biomedical Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Yabin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory Cell Differentiation and Regulation, Henan International Joint Laboratory of Pulmonary Fibrosis, Henan Center for Outstanding Overseas Scientists of Pulmonary Fibrosis, College of Life Science, Institute of Biomedical Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Bingyu Ye
- State Key Laboratory Cell Differentiation and Regulation, Henan International Joint Laboratory of Pulmonary Fibrosis, Henan Center for Outstanding Overseas Scientists of Pulmonary Fibrosis, College of Life Science, Institute of Biomedical Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - GuoYing Yu
- State Key Laboratory Cell Differentiation and Regulation, Henan International Joint Laboratory of Pulmonary Fibrosis, Henan Center for Outstanding Overseas Scientists of Pulmonary Fibrosis, College of Life Science, Institute of Biomedical Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
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11
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Hu W, Huang K, Zhang L, Ni J, Xu W, Bi S. Immunomodulatory effect of Atractylodis macrocephala Koidz. polysaccharides in vitro. Poult Sci 2024; 103:103171. [PMID: 37925772 PMCID: PMC10652128 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.103171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Vaccination is still the main method of preventing most infectious diseases, but there are inefficiencies and inaccuracies in immunization. Studies have reported that Atractylodis macrocephalae Koidz. polysaccharides (RAMP) have immunomodulatory effects, but the mechanisms involved in whether they can modulate the immune response in chickens are not yet clear. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of RAMP on lymphocytes functions by analyzing cell proliferation, cell cycle, mRNA expression of cytokines and CD4 +/CD8 + ratio. To identify potential molecules involved in immune regulation, we performed a comprehensive transcriptome profiling of chicken lymphocytes. In addition, the adjuvant effect of RAMP was evaluated by detecting indicators of hemagglutination inhibition. When lymphocytes were cultured with RAMP in vitro, the proliferation rate of lymphocytes was increased (P < 0.01), more cells in S phase and G2/M phase (P < 0.01) and the mRNA expression of IFN-γ was upregulated (P < 0.05), while the mRNA expression of TGF-β (P < 0.01) and IL-4 (P < 0.05) was downregulated and the CD4 +/CD8 + ratio was increased (P < 0.05). Transcriptomic results showed that RAMP increased the expression of HIST1H46 (P < 0.05) and CENPP (P < 0.05). Validation of qPCR showed that RAMP may play an important role in regulating cellular immunity by downregulating the Notch pathway. The results also showed that RAMP could increase the serum Newcastle disease virus antibody levels in chickens. These data suggest that RAMP could enhance immune function of lymphocytes and was a candidate vaccine adjuvant in chickens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weidong Hu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Rongchang, Chongqing 402460, PR China
| | - Kaiyue Huang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Rongchang, Chongqing 402460, PR China
| | - Li Zhang
- Immunology Research Center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Rongchang, Chongqing 402460, PR China
| | - Jingxuan Ni
- Department of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Rongchang, Chongqing 402460, PR China
| | - Wei Xu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, MOA Key Laboratory of Animal Virology, Center for Veterinary Sciences, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, PR China
| | - Shicheng Bi
- Department of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Rongchang, Chongqing 402460, PR China.
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12
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Humbert A, Lefebvre R, Nawrot M, Caussy C, Rieusset J. Calcium signalling in hepatic metabolism: Health and diseases. Cell Calcium 2023; 114:102780. [PMID: 37506596 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2023.102780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
The flexibility between the wide array of hepatic functions relies on calcium (Ca2+) signalling. Indeed, Ca2+ is implicated in the control of many intracellular functions as well as intercellular communication. Thus, hepatocytes adapt their Ca2+ signalling depending on their nutritional and hormonal environment, leading to opposite cellular functions, such as glucose storage or synthesis. Interestingly, hepatic metabolic diseases, such as obesity, type 2 diabetes and non-alcoholic fatty liver diseases, are associated with impaired Ca2+ signalling. Here, we present the hepatocytes' toolkit for Ca2+ signalling, complete with regulation systems and signalling pathways activated by nutrients and hormones. We further discuss the current knowledge on the molecular mechanisms leading to alterations of Ca2+ signalling in hepatic metabolic diseases, and review the literature on the clinical impact of Ca2+-targeting therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Humbert
- Laboratoire CarMeN, INSERM U-1060, INRAE U-1397, Université Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Pierre-Bénite, France
| | - Rémy Lefebvre
- Laboratoire CarMeN, INSERM U-1060, INRAE U-1397, Université Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Pierre-Bénite, France
| | - Margaux Nawrot
- Laboratoire CarMeN, INSERM U-1060, INRAE U-1397, Université Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Pierre-Bénite, France
| | - Cyrielle Caussy
- Laboratoire CarMeN, INSERM U-1060, INRAE U-1397, Université Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Pierre-Bénite, France; Département Endocrinologie, Diabète et Nutrition, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Hôpital Lyon Sud, Pierre-Bénite, France
| | - Jennifer Rieusset
- Laboratoire CarMeN, INSERM U-1060, INRAE U-1397, Université Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Pierre-Bénite, France.
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13
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Qian Y, Shang Z, Gao Y, Wu H, Kong X. Liver Regeneration in Chronic Liver Injuries: Basic and Clinical Applications Focusing on Macrophages and Natural Killer Cells. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2022; 14:971-981. [PMID: 35738473 PMCID: PMC9489753 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2022.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Liver regeneration is a necessary but complex process involving multiple cell types besides hepatocytes. Mechanisms underlying liver regeneration after partial hepatectomy and acute liver injury have been well-described. However, in patients with chronic and severe liver injury, the remnant liver cannot completely restore the liver mass and function, thereby involving liver progenitor-like cells (LPLCs) and various immune cells. RESULTS Macrophages are beneficial to LPLCs proliferation and the differentiation of LPLCs to hepatocytes. Also, cells expressing natural killer (NK) cell markers have been studied in promoting both liver injury and liver regeneration. NK cells can promote LPLC-induced liver regeneration, but the excessive activation of hepatic NK cells may lead to high serum levels of interferon-γ, thus inhibiting liver regeneration. CONCLUSIONS This review summarizes the recent research on 2 important innate immune cells, macrophages and NK cells, in LPLC-induced liver regeneration and the mechanisms of liver regeneration during chronic liver injury, as well as the latest macrophage- and NK cell-based therapies for chronic liver injury. These novel findings can further help identify new treatments for chronic liver injury, saving patients from the pain of liver transplantations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihan Qian
- Central Laboratory, Department of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhi Shang
- Central Laboratory, Department of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yueqiu Gao
- Central Laboratory, Department of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hailong Wu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, China.
| | - Xiaoni Kong
- Central Laboratory, Department of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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14
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Chen Y, Shi S, Li B, Lan T, Yuan K, Yuan J, Zhou Y, Song J, Lv T, Shi Y, Xiang B, Tian T, Zhang T, Yang J, Lin Y. Therapeutic Effects of Self-Assembled Tetrahedral Framework Nucleic Acids on Liver Regeneration in Acute Liver Failure. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:13136-13146. [PMID: 35285610 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c02523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Liver failure is a serious disease that is characterized by global hepatocyte necrosis. Hepatocyte proliferation and liver regeneration are critically important for the success of treatments for liver disease. Tetrahedral framework nucleic acids (TFNAs), which are widely used antioxidants and anti-inflammatory nanomaterials, activate multiple proliferation and prosurvival pathways. Therefore, the effects of a TFNA on hepatocyte proliferation and liver regeneration in mouse livers injured by 70% partial hepatectomy (PHx), acetaminophen overdose, and carbon tetrachloride were explored in this study. The TFNA, which was successfully self-assembled from four specifically designed ssDNAs, entered the body quickly and was taken up effectively by hepatocytes in the liver and could eventually be cleared by the kidneys. The TFNA promoted hepatocyte proliferation in vitro by activating the Notch and Wnt signaling pathways. In the three in vivo mouse models of liver injury, the TFNA attenuated the injuries and enhanced liver regeneration by regulating the cell cycle and the P53 signaling pathway. Therefore, by promoting hepatocyte proliferation and enhancing liver regeneration, the TFNA shows potential as an effective therapeutic agent for treating acute liver injury induced by 70% PHx and other factors, thereby preventing the progression to acute liver failure and reducing the associated mortality rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Chen
- Department of Liver Surgery& Liver Transplantation Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
- Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Sirong Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Bo Li
- Department of Liver Surgery& Liver Transplantation Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
- Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Tian Lan
- Department of Liver Surgery& Liver Transplantation Center, Laboratory of Liver Surgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Kefei Yuan
- Department of Liver Surgery& Liver Transplantation Center, Laboratory of Liver Surgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Jingsheng Yuan
- Department of Liver Surgery& Liver Transplantation Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
- Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Yongjie Zhou
- Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
- Laboratory of Pathology, Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering, and Immunology, NHC, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Jiulin Song
- Department of Liver Surgery& Liver Transplantation Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
- Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Tao Lv
- Department of Liver Surgery& Liver Transplantation Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
- Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Yujun Shi
- Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
- Laboratory of Pathology, Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering, and Immunology, NHC, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Bo Xiang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Taoran Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Jiayin Yang
- Department of Liver Surgery& Liver Transplantation Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Yunfeng Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
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15
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Two distinct Notch signals, Delta-like 4/Notch1 and Jagged-1/Notch2, antagonistically regulate chemical hepatocarcinogenesis in mice. Commun Biol 2022; 5:85. [PMID: 35064244 PMCID: PMC8782997 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-022-03013-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Notch signaling is one of the most common drivers of carcinogenesis in many types of cancers, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC); however, it occasionally suppresses tumor progression. Moreover, it is virtually unknown how different sets of Notch ligands and receptors regulate the HCC development. In this study, we demonstrate that the expression of the Notch ligands, Delta-like 4 (Dll4) and Jagged-1 (Jag1), is upregulated during diethylnitrosamine-induced hepatocarcinogenesis. Dll4 is detected in the preneoplastic hepatocytes and HCC cells, but not in the normal hepatocytes, while Jag1 is expressed in the desmin-positive mesenchymal cells. Hepatocyte-specific Dll4 knockout abolishes the Notch1 signaling and suppresses the tumor progression. In contrast, Jag1 deletion induces the ectopic expression of Dll4 in hepatocytes along with the loss of Notch2 signaling, leading to the tumor progression. These results indicate that the two distinct Notch signals, Dll4/Notch1 and Jag1/Notch2, are antagonistic to each other, exerting opposite effects on HCC progression. Dll4/Notch1 signal promotes the progression of HCC, while Jag1/Notch2 signal antagonistically suppresses it in murine chemical hepatocarcinogenesis. Nakano et al. report that two distinct Notch signals regulate the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) using tissue specific loss of function mouse mutants. They find Dll4/Notch1 signal promotes HCC progression, while the Jag1/Notch2 signal antagonistically suppresses it.
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16
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Ishida K, Seki A, Kawaguchi K, Nasti A, Yamato M, Inui H, Komura T, Yamashita T, Arai K, Yamashita T, Mizukoshi E, Honda M, Wada T, Harada K, Kaneko S, Sakai Y. Restorative effect of adipose tissue-derived stem cells on impaired hepatocytes through Notch signaling in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis mice. Stem Cell Res 2021; 54:102425. [PMID: 34119957 DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2021.102425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2020] [Revised: 04/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ADSCs) have been suggested as a novel treatment for non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH); however, the mechanisms underlying their therapeutic effect remain poorly understood. In this study, we aimed to investigate the association of Notch signaling, which is crucial for cellular proliferation and differentiation in ADSC-mediated treatment of NASH. Flow cytometry analysis of ADSCs showed that they expressed the Notch ligands JAG1, DLL1, and DLL4. The expression of genes associated with the Notch signaling pathway was attenuated in hepatocytes of NASH model mice. We further observed ADSC-mediated activation of Notch signaling in these hepatocytes in addition to an increase in proliferating cell nuclear antigen+ cells and a decrease in TdT-mediated dUTP-biotin nick end labeling+ apoptotic cells. Co-culture of palmitic acid-induced steatotic hepatocytes and ADSCs resulted in the activation of Notch signaling and reduction of apoptosis of steatotic hepatocytes. Moreover, inhibition of Notch signaling by a γ-secretase inhibitor and knockdown of Notch ligands using siRNA attenuated the anti-apoptotic effect of co-cultured ADSCs in vitro. Our findings show that the Notch signaling pathway is involved in the inhibition of apoptosis and restoration of cellular proliferation of hepatocytes from NASH mice following ADSC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kosuke Ishida
- System Biology, Graduate School of Advanced Preventive Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Akihiro Seki
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kanazawa University Hospital, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Kazunori Kawaguchi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kanazawa University Hospital, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Alessandro Nasti
- System Biology, Graduate School of Advanced Preventive Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Yamato
- Department of Disease Control and Homeostasis, College of Medical Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Hiiro Inui
- System Biology, Graduate School of Advanced Preventive Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Takuya Komura
- Department of Gastroenterology, National Hospital Organization Kanazawa Medical Center, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Taro Yamashita
- Department of General Medicine, Kanazawa University Hospital, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Kuniaki Arai
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kanazawa University Hospital, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Yamashita
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kanazawa University Hospital, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Eishiro Mizukoshi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kanazawa University Hospital, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Masao Honda
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kanazawa University Hospital, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Takashi Wada
- Department of Nephrology and Laboratory Medicine, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Kenichi Harada
- Department of Human Pathology, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Shuichi Kaneko
- System Biology, Graduate School of Advanced Preventive Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan; Department of Gastroenterology, Kanazawa University Hospital, Kanazawa, Japan; Department of Disease Control and Homeostasis, College of Medical Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Yoshio Sakai
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kanazawa University Hospital, Kanazawa, Japan.
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17
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Liu J, Zhu J, Zhang X, Jia Y, Lee X, Gao Z. Hsa-miR-637 inhibits human hepatocyte proliferation by targeting Med1-interacting proteins. LIVER RESEARCH 2021; 5:88-96. [PMID: 39959344 PMCID: PMC11791805 DOI: 10.1016/j.livres.2021.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Background Recent studies have shown that mediator complex subunit 1 (Med1) can significantly affect hepatocyte proliferation and differentiation. Acting as a tumor suppressor, microRNA-637 (hsa-miR-637) can inhibit the growth of hepatocarcinoma cells and further induce cell apoptosis. However, the function of hsa-miR-637 and its target genes during liver regeneration remains to be elucidated. Methods This study used co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP) assay, transfection, luciferase reporter assay, functional assay by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8), Annexin V-FITC/propidium iodide apoptosis assay, and quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis of chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) for analysis. Results Hsa-miR-637 has been suggested to suppress the expression of two Med1-interacting nuclear receptors, identified as the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARA) and thyroid hormone receptor alpha (THRA) at the transcriptional and translational levels in the human liver HL-7702 cell line. The interaction between Med1 and PPARA/THRA in HL-7702 cells was then confirmed. The transcriptional repression of hsa-miR-637 on PPARA and THRA was also demonstrated. Moreover, hsa-miR-637 has been determined to suppress the proliferation of HL-7702 cells. Furthermore, cell cycle arrest of HL-7702 cells was induced by transfection of hsa-miR-637 at the S phase, but its apoptosis failed. Finally, PPARA was indicated to directly bind to the promoter of some transcription factors, like β-catenin, mouse double minute 2 (MDM2), and p53. Conclusions This study has confirmed that hsa-miR-637 plays an antiproliferative role during liver regeneration, which may contribute in understanding the regenerative process of the liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Liu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianyun Zhu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaohong Zhang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuzhi Jia
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Xuejun Lee
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhiliang Gao
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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18
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Gao J, Fan L, Zhao L, Su Y. The interaction of Notch and Wnt signaling pathways in vertebrate regeneration. CELL REGENERATION (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2021; 10:11. [PMID: 33791915 PMCID: PMC8012441 DOI: 10.1186/s13619-020-00072-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Regeneration is an evolutionarily conserved process in animal kingdoms, however, the regenerative capacities differ from species and organ/tissues. Mammals possess very limited regenerative potential to replace damaged organs, whereas non-mammalian species usually have impressive abilities to regenerate organs. The regeneration process requires proper spatiotemporal regulation from key signaling pathways. The canonical Notch and Wnt signaling pathways, two fundamental signals guiding animal development, have been demonstrated to play significant roles in the regeneration of vertebrates. In recent years, increasing evidence has implicated the cross-talking between Notch and Wnt signals during organ regeneration. In this review, we summarize the roles of Notch signaling and Wnt signaling during several representative organ regenerative events, emphasizing the functions and molecular bases of their interplay in these processes, shedding light on utilizing these two signaling pathways to enhance regeneration in mammals and design legitimate therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junying Gao
- Institute of Evolution & Marine Biodiversity, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, Shandong, China.,College of Fisheries, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, Shandong, China
| | - Lixia Fan
- Institute of Evolution & Marine Biodiversity, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, Shandong, China.,College of Fisheries, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, Shandong, China
| | - Long Zhao
- Institute of Evolution & Marine Biodiversity, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, Shandong, China. .,College of Fisheries, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, Shandong, China.
| | - Ying Su
- Institute of Evolution & Marine Biodiversity, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, Shandong, China. .,College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, Shandong, China.
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19
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Kiseleva YV, Antonyan SZ, Zharikova TS, Tupikin KA, Kalinin DV, Zharikov YO. Molecular pathways of liver regeneration: A comprehensive review. World J Hepatol 2021; 13:270-290. [PMID: 33815672 PMCID: PMC8006075 DOI: 10.4254/wjh.v13.i3.270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Revised: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The liver is a unique parenchymal organ with a regenerative capacity allowing it to restore up to 70% of its volume. Although knowledge of this phenomenon dates back to Greek mythology (the story of Prometheus), many aspects of liver regeneration are still not understood. A variety of different factors, including inflammatory cytokines, growth factors, and bile acids, promote liver regeneration and control the final size of the organ during typical regeneration, which is performed by mature hepatocytes, and during alternative regeneration, which is performed by recently identified resident stem cells called "hepatic progenitor cells". Hepatic progenitor cells drive liver regeneration when hepatocytes are unable to restore the liver mass, such as in cases of chronic injury or excessive acute injury. In liver maintenance, the body mass ratio is essential for homeostasis because the liver has numerous functions; therefore, a greater understanding of this process will lead to better control of liver injuries, improved transplantation of small grafts and the discovery of new methods for the treatment of liver diseases. The current review sheds light on the key molecular pathways and cells involved in typical and progenitor-dependent liver mass regeneration after various acute or chronic injuries. Subsequent studies and a better understanding of liver regeneration will lead to the development of new therapeutic methods for liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yana V Kiseleva
- International School "Medicine of the Future", I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow 119435, Russia
| | - Sevak Z Antonyan
- Department of Emergency Surgical Gastroenterology, N. V. Sklifosovsky Research Institute for Emergency Medicine, Moscow 129010, Russia
| | - Tatyana S Zharikova
- Department of Human Anatomy, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow 119048, Russia
| | - Kirill A Tupikin
- Laboratory of Minimally Invasive Surgery, A.I. Evdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry, Moscow 127473, Russia
| | - Dmitry V Kalinin
- Pathology Department, A.V. Vishnevsky National Medical Research Center of Surgery of the Russian Ministry of Healthcare, Moscow 117997, Russia
| | - Yuri O Zharikov
- Department of Human Anatomy, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow 119048, Russia.
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20
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Barrientos-Bonilla AA, Nadella R, Pensado-Guevara PB, Sánchez-García ADC, Zavala-Flores LM, Puga-Olguín A, Villanueva-Olivo A, Hernandez-Baltazar D. Caspase-3-related apoptosis prevents pathological regeneration in a living liver donor rat model. Adv Med Sci 2021; 66:176-184. [PMID: 33676076 DOI: 10.1016/j.advms.2021.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Revised: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The main goal of this study was to determine the relationship of cleaved-caspase-3 (C3)-related apoptosis and hepatic proliferation, during the liver repopulation in a living liver donor rat model. MATERIAL/METHODS Thirty-three animals were randomized into eleven groups and evaluated on postoperative from 3 h until 384 h after 30%-partial hepatectomy (30%-PHx). Liver sections (5 μm) were processed by hematoxylin-eosin, and immunostaining for C3, accompanied by hepatic function test. C3 content and the hepatic lobule enlargement were analyzed by optical density, followed by cell counting. RESULTS Transient variations of alanine transferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were found. Significant increase in the C3 levels, and cell nuclei number, were detected at 12 h and 48 h after 30%-PHx, evidencing a correlation of p = -0.3679. CONCLUSION In the 30%-PHx rat model, C3-related apoptosis prevents proliferative pathological conditions during the hepatic lobule re-modeling.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rasajna Nadella
- Department of Biosciences, Rajiv Gandhi University of Knowledge Technologies (RGUKT), Srikakulam, India
| | | | - Aurora Del Carmen Sánchez-García
- Laboratorio de Neuropatología Experimental, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía "Manuel Velasco Suárez", Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Laura Mireya Zavala-Flores
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica del Noreste, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Monterrey Nuevo León, Mexico
| | - Abraham Puga-Olguín
- Unidad de Salud Integrativa, Centro de EcoAlfabetización y Diálogo de Saberes, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa Veracruz, Mexico
| | - Arnulfo Villanueva-Olivo
- Departamento de Histología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey Nuevo León, Mexico
| | - Daniel Hernandez-Baltazar
- Instituto de Neuroetología, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa Veracruz, Mexico; Cátedras CONACyT, Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (CONACYT), Mexico City, Mexico.
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21
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Zhang J, Tang N, Zhao Y, Zhao R, Fu X, Zhao D, Zhao Y, Huang L, Li C, Qiu Y, Xue B, Fang L. Global Phosphoproteomic Analysis Reveals Significant Metabolic Reprogramming in the Termination of Liver Regeneration in Mice. J Proteome Res 2020; 19:1788-1799. [PMID: 32105074 PMCID: PMC7205775 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.0c00028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Phosphorylation is crucial in regulating various biological processes. However, comprehensive phosphoproteomic profiling in the termination of liver regeneration (LR) is still missing. Here, we used Tandem Mass Tag (TMT) labeling coupled with phosphopeptide enrichment and two-dimensional (2D) liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS)/MS analysis to establish a global phosphoproteomic map in the liver of mice at day 5 after partial hepatectomy (PH). Altogether, 9731 phosphosites from 3443 proteins were identified and 7802 phosphosites from 2980 proteins were quantified. Motif analysis of the identified phosphosites revealed a diverse array of consensus sequences, suggesting that multiple kinase families including ERK/MAPK, PKA/PKC, CaMK-II, CKII, and CDK may be involved in the termination of LR. Functional clustering analysis of proteins with dysregulated phosphosites showed that they mainly participate in metabolic pathways, DNA replication, and tight junction. More importantly, the deletion of PP2Acα in the liver remarkably changes the overall phosphorylation profile, indicating its critical role in regulating the termination of LR. Finally, several differentially phosphorylated sites were validated by co-immunoprecipitation and Western blot. Taken together, our data unravel the first comprehensive phosphoproteomic map in the termination of LR in mice, which greatly expands our knowledge in the complicated regulation of this process and provides new directions for the treatment of liver cancer using liver resection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingzi Zhang
- Model Animal Research Center and Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Neng Tang
- Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Yinjuan Zhao
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Ruoyu Zhao
- Model Animal Research Center and Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Xiao Fu
- Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Dandan Zhao
- Model Animal Research Center and Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Yue Zhao
- Model Animal Research Center and Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Lan Huang
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Chaojun Li
- Model Animal Research Center and Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Yudong Qiu
- Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Bin Xue
- Core Laboratory, Sir Run Run Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Lei Fang
- Model Animal Research Center and Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
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22
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Bangru S, Kalsotra A. Cellular and molecular basis of liver regeneration. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2020; 100:74-87. [PMID: 31980376 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2019.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2019] [Revised: 11/29/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Recent advances in genetics and genomics have reinvigorated the field of liver regeneration. It is now possible to combine lineage-tracing with genome-wide studies to genetically mark individual liver cells and their progenies and detect precise changes in their genome, transcriptome, and proteome under normal versus regenerative settings. The recent use of single-cell RNA sequencing methodologies in model organisms has, in some ways, transformed our understanding of the cellular and molecular biology of liver regeneration. Here, we review the latest strides in our knowledge of general principles that coordinate regeneration of the liver and reflect on some conflicting evidence and controversies surrounding this topic. We consider the prominent mechanisms that stimulate homeostasis-related vis-à-vis injury-driven regenerative responses, highlight the likely cellular sources/depots that reconstitute the liver following various injuries and discuss the extrinsic and intrinsic signals that direct liver cells to proliferate, de-differentiate, or trans-differentiate while the tissue recovers from acute or chronic damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sushant Bangru
- Departments of Biochemistry and Pathology, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, IL, USA; Cancer Center@ Illinois, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, IL, USA
| | - Auinash Kalsotra
- Departments of Biochemistry and Pathology, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, IL, USA; Cancer Center@ Illinois, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, IL, USA; Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, IL, USA.
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23
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Long J, Wang X, Du X, Pan H, Wang J, Li Z, Liu H, Li X, Zheng Z. JAG2/Notch2 inhibits intervertebral disc degeneration by modulating cell proliferation, apoptosis, and extracellular matrix. Arthritis Res Ther 2019; 21:213. [PMID: 31619270 PMCID: PMC6796488 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-019-1990-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2019] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD)-related disorders are the major causes of low back pain. A previous study suggested that Notch activation serves as a protective mechanism and is a part of the compensatory response that maintains the necessary resident nucleus pulposus (NP) cell proliferation to replace lost or non-functional cells. However, the exact mechanism remains to be determined. In this study, we aimed to investigate the role of JAG2/Notch2 in NP cell proliferation and apoptosis. Methods Recombinant JAG2 or Notch2, Hes1, and Hey2 siRNAs were used to activate or inhibit Notch signaling. Cell proliferation, apoptosis, cell cycle regulatory factors, and pathways associated with Notch-mediated proliferation were examined. In vivo experiments involving an intradiscal injection of Sprague-Dawley rats were performed. Results Recombinant JAG2 induced Notch2 and Hes1/Hey2 expression together with NP cell proliferation. Downregulation of Notch2/Hes1/Hey2 induced G0/G1 phase cell cycle arrest in NP cells. Moreover, Notch2 mediated NP cell proliferation by regulating cyclin D1 and by activating PI3K/Akt and Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Furthermore, Notch signaling inhibited TNF-α-promoted NP cell apoptosis by suppressing the formation of the RIP1-FADD-caspase-8 complex. Finally, we found that intradiscal injection of JAG2 alleviated IVDD and that sh-Notch2 aggravated IVDD in a rat model. These results indicated that JAG2/Notch2 inhibited IVDD by modulating cell proliferation, apoptosis, and extracellular matrix. The JAG2/Notch2 axis regulated NP cell proliferation via PI3K/Akt and Wnt/β-catenin signaling and inhibited TNF-α-induced apoptosis by suppressing the formation of the RIP1-FADD-caspase-8 complex. Conclusions The current and previous results shed light on the therapeutic implications of targeting the JAG2/Notch2 axis to inhibit or reverse IVDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Long
- Department of Spine Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 58 Zhongshan Second Road, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaobo Wang
- Organ Transplant Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 58 Zhongshan Second Road, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xianfa Du
- Department of Spine Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 58 Zhongshan Second Road, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Hehai Pan
- Department of Spine Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 58 Zhongshan Second Road, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianru Wang
- Department of Spine Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 58 Zhongshan Second Road, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zemin Li
- Department of Spine Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 58 Zhongshan Second Road, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Liu
- Department of Spine Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 58 Zhongshan Second Road, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xudong Li
- Pain Research Center and Department of Physiology, Zhongshan Medical School of Sun Yat-sen University, 74 Zhongshan Second Road, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhaomin Zheng
- Department of Spine Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, 58 Zhongshan Second Road, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China. .,Pain Research Center and Department of Physiology, Zhongshan Medical School of Sun Yat-sen University, 74 Zhongshan Second Road, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.
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24
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Adams JM, Jafar-Nejad H. The Roles of Notch Signaling in Liver Development and Disease. Biomolecules 2019; 9:biom9100608. [PMID: 31615106 PMCID: PMC6843177 DOI: 10.3390/biom9100608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Revised: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The Notch signaling pathway plays major roles in organ development across animal species. In the mammalian liver, Notch has been found critical in development, regeneration and disease. In this review, we highlight the major advances in our understanding of the role of Notch activity in proper liver development and function. Specifically, we discuss the latest discoveries on how Notch, in conjunction with other signaling pathways, aids in proper liver development, regeneration and repair. In addition, we review the latest in the role of Notch signaling in the pathogenesis of liver fibrosis and chronic liver disease. Finally, recent evidence has shed light on the emerging connection between Notch signaling and glucose and lipid metabolism. We hope that highlighting the major advances in the roles of Notch signaling in the liver will stimulate further research in this exciting field and generate additional ideas for therapeutic manipulation of the Notch pathway in liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua M Adams
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
- Program in Developmental Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| | - Hamed Jafar-Nejad
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
- Program in Developmental Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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25
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Valizadeh A, Majidinia M, Samadi-Kafil H, Yousefi M, Yousefi B. The roles of signaling pathways in liver repair and regeneration. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:14966-14974. [PMID: 30770551 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2018] [Revised: 12/23/2018] [Accepted: 01/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The liver has remarkable regeneration potency that restores liver mass and sustains body hemostasis. Liver regeneration through signaling pathways following resection or moderate damages are well studied. Various cell signaling, growth factors, cytokines, receptors, and cell types implicated in liver regeneration undergo controlled hypertrophy and proliferation. Some aspects of liver regeneration have been discovered and many investigations have been carried out to identify its mechanisms. However, for optimizing liver regeneration more should be understood about mechanisms that control the growth of hepatocytes and other liver cell types in adults. The current paper deals with the possible applicability of liver regeneration signaling pathways as a target for therapeutic approaches and preventing various liver damages. Furthermore, the latest findings of spectrum-specific signaling pathway mechanisms that underlie liver regeneration are briefly described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Valizadeh
- Stem Cells Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Maryam Majidinia
- Solid Tumor Research Center, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Hossein Samadi-Kafil
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mehdi Yousefi
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Bahman Yousefi
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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26
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Liu C, Cheng X, Chen J, Wang Y, Wu X, Tian R, Liu B, Ding X, Sun Q, Gong W. Suppression of YAP/TAZ-Notch1-NICD axis by bromodomain and extraterminal protein inhibition impairs liver regeneration. Am J Cancer Res 2019; 9:3840-3852. [PMID: 31281517 PMCID: PMC6587347 DOI: 10.7150/thno.33370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and aims: Biological mechanisms that control liver regeneration remain poorly defined. However, these mechanisms are remarkable issues in the clinic that affect management of hepatic loss caused by liver surgery, traumatic injury, chronic infection, or liver poisoning. Increasing evidence has shown that various growth factors, cytokines, and metabolic signaling pathways affect the liver regenerative process. Our aim is to study the effect of bromodomain and extraterminal (BET) protein inhibition on liver regeneration and its mechanism. Methods: We studied the role of BET protein inhibitor, JQ1, in liver regeneration in a mouse model after 70% partial hepatectomy (PH). We evaluated yes-associated protein (YAP)/transcriptional co-activator with PDZ-binding motif (TAZ) and Notch signaling pathways, which were affected by BET protein inhibitor in mouse hepatic tissues and primary hepatocytes in vivo and AML12 cell lines in vitro. We evaluated the relationship of YAP/TAZ and Notch signaling pathway using YAP/TAZ pathway inhibitor in liver regeneration in vivo. Moreover, we analyzed the relationship of YAP/TAZ and Notch signaling pathways via overexpression or RNA silencing of Yap in AML12 cells. Furthermore, we used Yap overexpression mouse model to examine whether it can rescue liver regeneration damage caused by inhibition of BET proteins. Results: In this study, we report that BET protein inhibitor JQ1 molecule impairs the early phase of liver regeneration in a mouse model after 70% PH. Mechanistically, YAP/TAZ and Notch1-NICD pathways were suppressed by BET protein inhibitor in mouse hepatic tissues and primary hepatocytes in vivo and mouse AML12 cell lines in vitro. By using YAP/TAZ pathway inhibitor, we confirmed that the liver regeneration and the activation of Notch pathway were impaired by the inhibition of YAP/TAZ pathway in vivo. Furthermore, the study showed that Yap knockdown by shRNA in normal mouse hepatic cell line downregulated Notch1 signal transduction, whereas Yap overexpression promoted Notch1-NICD signals. Specific overexpression of Yap in mouse liver could rescue the effect of BET protein inhibition on liver regeneration injury. Conclusion: These results revealed the crucial role of the YAP/TAZ-Notch1-NICD axis in liver regeneration. Therefore, BET protein inhibitors must be used in caution in the treatment of hepatic diseases by reason of its suppressive roles in liver regeneration.
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27
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Russell JO, Ko S, Monga SP, Shin D. Notch Inhibition Promotes Differentiation of Liver Progenitor Cells into Hepatocytes via sox9b Repression in Zebrafish. Stem Cells Int 2019; 2019:8451282. [PMID: 30992706 PMCID: PMC6434270 DOI: 10.1155/2019/8451282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2018] [Accepted: 01/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Liver regeneration after most forms of injury is mediated through the proliferation of hepatocytes. However, when hepatocyte proliferation is impaired, such as during chronic liver disease, liver progenitor cells (LPCs) arising from the biliary epithelial cell (BEC) compartment can give rise to hepatocytes to mediate hepatic repair. Promotion of LPC-to-hepatocyte differentiation in patients with chronic liver disease could serve as a potentially new therapeutic option, but first requires the identification of the molecular mechanisms driving this process. Notch signaling has been identified as an important signaling pathway promoting the BEC fate during development and has also been implicated in regulating LPC differentiation during regeneration. SRY-related HMG box transcription factor 9 (Sox9) is a direct target of Notch signaling in the liver, and Sox9 has also been shown to promote the BEC fate during development. We have recently shown in a zebrafish model of LPC-driven liver regeneration that inhibition of Hdac1 activity through MS-275 treatment enhances sox9b expression in LPCs and impairs LPC-to-hepatocyte differentiation. Therefore, we hypothesized that inhibition of Notch signaling would promote LPC-to-hepatocyte differentiation by repressing sox9b expression in zebrafish. We ablated the hepatocytes of Tg(fabp10a:CFP-NTR) larvae and blocked Notch activation during liver regeneration through treatment with γ-secretase inhibitor LY411575 and demonstrated enhanced induction of Hnf4a in LPCs. Alternatively, enhancing Notch signaling via Notch3 intracellular domain (N3ICD) overexpression impaired Hnf4a induction. Hepatocyte ablation in sox9b heterozygous mutant embryos enhanced Hnf4a induction, while BEC-specific Sox9b overexpression impaired LPC-to-hepatocyte differentiation. Our results establish the Notch-Sox9b signaling axis as inhibitory to LPC-to-hepatocyte differentiation in a well-established in vivo LPC-driven liver regeneration model.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sungjin Ko
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, USA
- Department of Developmental Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, USA
| | - Satdarshan P. Monga
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, USA
- Pittsburgh Liver Research Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, USA
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, USA
| | - Donghun Shin
- Department of Developmental Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, USA
- Pittsburgh Liver Research Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, USA
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, USA
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28
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Takasu S, Yokoo Y, Ishii Y, Kijima A, Ogawa K, Umemura T. Molecular Pathological Differences in Global Gene Expression between Two Sustained Proliferative Lesions, Nodular Regenerative Hepatocellular Hyperplasia and Hepatocellular Adenoma, in Mice. Toxicol Pathol 2018; 47:44-52. [PMID: 30572783 DOI: 10.1177/0192623318810200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Long-term exposure to piperonyl butoxide (PBO) induces multiple nodular masses along with hepatocellular tumors in the liver of mice. The histopathological features of the nodules led to our diagnosis of nodular regenerative hepatocellular hyperplasia (NRH). However, because of the lack of data on the biological characteristics of NRH, whether this lesion is truly nonneoplastic remains unknown. In this study, the molecular characteristics of NRH were compared with those of hepatocellular adenoma (HCA) by global gene expression analysis. Six-week-old male ICR mice were fed a diet containing 6,000 ppm PBO for 43 weeks to induce NRH and HCA development. Complementary DNA microarray analysis was performed using messenger RNA extracted from NRH and HCA frozen sections collected by laser microdissection. Hierarchical cluster analysis showed that all NRH samples clustered together but were separate from the HCA cluster. Pathway analysis revealed activation of the cell cycle and Delta-Notch signaling in both lesions, but the latter was more upregulated in HCA. Downregulation of cytochrome p450 enzymes was observed in NRH, but not in HCA. These results imply that NRH differs from HCA in terms of not only morphological but also molecular characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinji Takasu
- 1 Division of Pathology, National Institute of Health Sciences, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yuh Yokoo
- 1 Division of Pathology, National Institute of Health Sciences, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yuji Ishii
- 1 Division of Pathology, National Institute of Health Sciences, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Aki Kijima
- 1 Division of Pathology, National Institute of Health Sciences, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Kumiko Ogawa
- 1 Division of Pathology, National Institute of Health Sciences, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Takashi Umemura
- 1 Division of Pathology, National Institute of Health Sciences, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan.,2 Laboratory of Animal Pathology, Faculty of Animal Health Technology, Yamazaki University of Animal Health Technology, Hachioji, Tokyo, Japan
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29
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Oliva-Vilarnau N, Hankeova S, Vorrink SU, Mkrtchian S, Andersson ER, Lauschke VM. Calcium Signaling in Liver Injury and Regeneration. Front Med (Lausanne) 2018; 5:192. [PMID: 30023358 PMCID: PMC6039545 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2018.00192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The liver fulfills central roles in metabolic control and detoxification and, as such, is continuously exposed to a plethora of insults. Importantly, the liver has a unique ability to regenerate and can completely recoup from most acute, non-iterative insults. However, multiple conditions, including viral hepatitis, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), long-term alcohol abuse and chronic use of certain medications, can cause persistent injury in which the regenerative capacity eventually becomes dysfunctional, resulting in hepatic scaring and cirrhosis. Calcium is a versatile secondary messenger that regulates multiple hepatic functions, including lipid and carbohydrate metabolism, as well as bile secretion and choleresis. Accordingly, dysregulation of calcium signaling is a hallmark of both acute and chronic liver diseases. In addition, recent research implicates calcium transients as essential components of liver regeneration. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of the role of calcium signaling in liver health and disease and discuss the importance of calcium in the orchestration of the ensuing regenerative response. Furthermore, we highlight similarities and differences in spatiotemporal calcium regulation between liver insults of different etiologies. Finally, we discuss intracellular calcium control as an emerging therapeutic target for liver injury and summarize recent clinical findings of calcium modulation for the treatment of ischemic-reperfusion injury, cholestasis and NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuria Oliva-Vilarnau
- Section of Pharmacogenetics, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Simona Hankeova
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden.,Faculty of Science, Institute of Experimental Biology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
| | - Sabine U Vorrink
- Section of Pharmacogenetics, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Souren Mkrtchian
- Section of Pharmacogenetics, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Emma R Andersson
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden.,Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Volker M Lauschke
- Section of Pharmacogenetics, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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30
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Yang X, He C, Zhu L, Zhao W, Li S, Xia C, Xu C. Comparative Analysis of Regulatory Role of Notch Signaling Pathway in 8 Types Liver Cell During Liver Regeneration. Biochem Genet 2018; 57:1-19. [PMID: 29961162 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-018-9869-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2017] [Accepted: 06/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Notch signaling is closely related to cell proliferation, cell apoptosis, cell fate decisions, DNA damage repair, and so on. However, the exactly regulatory mechanism of Notch signaling pathway in liver regeneration (LR) remains unclear. To reveal the role of Notch signaling pathway in rat liver regeneration, Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) software and related pathway database were firstly used to construct the Notch signaling pathway in this study. Next, eight type cells with high purity were obtained by Percoll density centrifugation and immunomagnetic beads sorting. Then, the expression profiles of Notch signaling pathway-related genes in eight type cells were checked by using Rat Genome 230 2.0 Array, and the results showed that the expression of 42 genes were significantly regulated. H-cluster results showed that the hepatic stellate cells are attributed to one cluster; hepatocyte cell, oval cell, sinusoidal endothelial cell, and Kupffer cell are clustered together; and biliary epithelial cell, pit cell, and dendritic cell are one cluster. IPA software and Expression analysis systematic explorer analysis indicated that Notch signaling pathway-related genes were involved in cell proliferation, apoptosis, cell cycle, DNA damage repair, etc. In conclusion, Notch signaling pathway might regulate various physiological activities of LR through multiple pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianguang Yang
- College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, No. 46, Constrution East Road, Xinxiang, 453007, Henan, China.,Co-constructing Key Laboratory for Cell Differentiation Regulation, Xinxiang, 453007, China
| | - Chuncui He
- College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, No. 46, Constrution East Road, Xinxiang, 453007, Henan, China.,Co-constructing Key Laboratory for Cell Differentiation Regulation, Xinxiang, 453007, China
| | - Lin Zhu
- College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, No. 46, Constrution East Road, Xinxiang, 453007, Henan, China.,Co-constructing Key Laboratory for Cell Differentiation Regulation, Xinxiang, 453007, China
| | - Weiming Zhao
- College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, No. 46, Constrution East Road, Xinxiang, 453007, Henan, China.,Co-constructing Key Laboratory for Cell Differentiation Regulation, Xinxiang, 453007, China
| | - Shuaihong Li
- College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, No. 46, Constrution East Road, Xinxiang, 453007, Henan, China.,Co-constructing Key Laboratory for Cell Differentiation Regulation, Xinxiang, 453007, China
| | - Cong Xia
- College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, No. 46, Constrution East Road, Xinxiang, 453007, Henan, China.,Co-constructing Key Laboratory for Cell Differentiation Regulation, Xinxiang, 453007, China
| | - Cunshuan Xu
- College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, No. 46, Constrution East Road, Xinxiang, 453007, Henan, China. .,Co-constructing Key Laboratory for Cell Differentiation Regulation, Xinxiang, 453007, China.
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