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Raj R A, El-Shamy FM, Ajit MN, Roy K, Oak A, Ameer B. Assessment of the Push-Out Bond Strength for Glass Fiber Posts After Different Surface Treatments: An In Vitro Study. Cureus 2023; 15:e41499. [PMID: 37551249 PMCID: PMC10404346 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.41499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM The goal of the study was to assess the push-out bond strength of the glass fibre post after different surface treatments. MATERIALS AND METHODS For the purpose of the investigation, 40 mandibular premolars were chosen. After gaining access, the biomechanical preparation was completed using the step-back approach up to a size 40K file, and the canals were sealed using gutta-percha cones and the lateral condensation procedure with AH Plus sealer (epoxide-amine resin pulp canal sealer). Peeso reamers were used to remove the canal fillings, leaving 5mm of gutta-percha apically. Drills included in the package were used to prepare the post spaces so that the posts would fit in their respective post slots. These were attached to self-curing acrylic resin blocks. Fibre posts were split into four groupings of n = 10 each for surface treatment, i.e., control, hydrogen fluoride, sandblasting, and hydrogen peroxide. The cementation of posts was done by utilising dual-cure resin cement. Two millimetres of the anatomical crown were removed from each sample. Each sample's 1-mm cervical segment was taken utilising the isotope from the remaining coronal area. To perform a push-out test, at the rate of 0.5mm/min of the crosshead, every sample was inserted into a universal testing device. Each post's dislodge force from the pre-set post spacing was measured. Statistics were utilised to analyse the data. RESULTS Strongest bonds were made by silanization, followed by sandblasting (p value=0.002). The weakest bonds were made by the control group. CONCLUSION The ultimate deduction was that when glass fibre posts underwent various types of surface treatments followed by silanization, it had a significant impact on increasing their strength.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akhila Raj R
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Amrita School of Dentistry, Amrita Viswavidyapeetham, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences (AIMS), Kochi, IND
| | | | - Mannur Nikita Ajit
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, SJM Dental College and Hospital, Karnataka, IND
| | - Kasturi Roy
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Chandra Dental College and Hospital, Barabanki, IND
| | - Anjali Oak
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, College of Dental Sciences and Research Centre, Ahmedabad, IND
| | - Bilal Ameer
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, SJM Dental College and Hospital, Karnataka, IND
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2
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Sahoo N, Carvalho O, Özcan M, Silva F, Souza JCM, Lasagni AF, Henriques B. Ultrashort pulse laser patterning of zirconia (3Y-TZP) for enhanced adhesion to resin-matrix cements used in dentistry: An integrative review. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2023; 143:105943. [PMID: 37276650 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2023.105943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Surface modification of yttria-stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystals (Y-TZP) using lasers for adhesion enhancement with resin-matrix cement has been increasingly explored. However, Y-TZP is chemically inert and non-reactive, demanding surface modification using alternative approaches to enhance its bond strength to resin-matrix cements. The main aim of this study was to conduct an integrative review on the influence of ultrashort pulse laser patterning of zirconia (3Y-TZP) for enhanced bonding to resin-matrix cements. An electronic search was performed on web of science, SCOPUS, Pubmed/Medline, Google Scholar and EMBASE using a combination of the following search items: zirconia, 3Y-TZP, surface modification, laser surface treatment, AND laser, ultrashortpulse laser, bonding, adhesion, and resin cement. Articles published in the English language, up to January 2022, were included regarding the influence of surface patterning on bond strength of Y-TZP to resin-matrix cements. Out of the 12 studies selected for the present review 10 studies assessed femtosecond lasers while 2 studies assessed picosecond lasers. Ultrashort pulsed laser surface patterning successfully produced different surface morphological aspects without damaging the bulk properties of zirconia. Contrarily, defects such as micro-cracks occurs after surface modification using traditional methods such as grit-blasting or long-pulsed laser patterning. Ultrashort pulsed laser surface patterning increase bond strength of zirconia to resin-matrix cements and therefore such alternative physical method should be considered in dentistry. Also, surface defects were avoided using ultrashort pulsed laser surface patterning, which become the major advantage when compared with traditional physical methods or long pulse laser patterning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narayan Sahoo
- Centre Microelectromechanical Systems (CMEMS-UMinho), University of Minho, Campus Azurém, Guimarães, 4800-058, Portugal; LABBELS Associate Laboratory, University of Minho, Guimarães, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal
| | - Oscar Carvalho
- Centre Microelectromechanical Systems (CMEMS-UMinho), University of Minho, Campus Azurém, Guimarães, 4800-058, Portugal; LABBELS Associate Laboratory, University of Minho, Guimarães, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal
| | - Mutlu Özcan
- Division of Dental Materials, Center for Dental Medicine, Clinic of Reconstructive Dentistry, University of Zurich, Zurich, 8032, Switzerland
| | - Filipe Silva
- Centre Microelectromechanical Systems (CMEMS-UMinho), University of Minho, Campus Azurém, Guimarães, 4800-058, Portugal; LABBELS Associate Laboratory, University of Minho, Guimarães, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal
| | - Júlio C M Souza
- Centre Microelectromechanical Systems (CMEMS-UMinho), University of Minho, Campus Azurém, Guimarães, 4800-058, Portugal; LABBELS Associate Laboratory, University of Minho, Guimarães, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal; Department of Dental Sciences, University Institute of Health Sciences (IUCS), CESPU, Gandra, PRD, 4585-116, Portugal
| | - Andrés-Fabian Lasagni
- Institute for Manufacturing Technology, Technische Universität Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Bruno Henriques
- Centre Microelectromechanical Systems (CMEMS-UMinho), University of Minho, Campus Azurém, Guimarães, 4800-058, Portugal; LABBELS Associate Laboratory, University of Minho, Guimarães, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal; Ceramic and Composite Materials Research Group (CERMAT), Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Campus Trindade, Florianópolis, SC, 88040-900, Brazil.
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Saran R, Ginjupalli K, George SD, Chidangil S, V K U. LASER as a tool for surface modification of dental biomaterials: A review. Heliyon 2023; 9:e17457. [PMID: 37408894 PMCID: PMC10319194 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e17457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the application of lasers for modifying the surface topography of dental biomaterials has received increased attention. This review paper aims to provide an overview of the current status on the utilization of lasers as a potential tool for surface modification of dental biomaterials such as implants, ceramics, and other materials used for restorative purposes. A literature search was done for articles related to the use of lasers for surface modification of dental biomaterials in English language published between October 2000 and March 2023 in Scopus, Pubmed and web of science, and relevant articles were reviewed. Lasers have been mainly used for surface modification of implant materials (71%), especially titanium and its alloys, to promote osseointegration. In recent years, laser texturing has also emerged as a promising technique to reduce bacterial adhesion on titanium implant surfaces. Currently, lasers are being widely used for surface modifications to improve osseointegration and reduce peri-implant inflammation of ceramic implants and to enhance the retention of ceramic restorations to the tooth. The studies considered in this review seem to suggest laser texturing to be more proficient than the conventional methods of surface modification. Lasers can alter the surface characteristics of dental biomaterials by creating innovative surface patterns without significantly affecting their bulk properties. With advances in laser technology and availability of newer wavelengths and modes, laser as a tool for surface modification of dental biomaterials is a promising field, with excellent potential for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runki Saran
- Department of Dental Materials, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, India
| | - Kishore Ginjupalli
- Department of Dental Materials, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, India
| | - Sajan D. George
- Department of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, India
- Centre for Applied Nanosciences, Department of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, India
| | - Santhosh Chidangil
- Department of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, India
- Centre of Excellence for Biophotonics, Department of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, India
| | - Unnikrishnan V K
- Department of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, India
- Centre of Excellence for Biophotonics, Department of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, India
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4
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Görgen CI, Sagheb K, Lehmann KM, Schmidtmann I, Wentaschek S. Influence of cold atmospheric-pressure-plasma in combination with different pretreatment methods on the pull-off tensile load in two-piece abutment-crowns: an in-vitro study. BMC Oral Health 2023; 23:186. [PMID: 36997908 PMCID: PMC10064688 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-02880-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In implant prosthetic dentistry, the adhesive connection of individualized ceramic crowns and prefabricated titanium bases leads to several benefits. However, the durability of the bonding could be a weak point and especially depends on sufficient surface pretreatment. Cold atmospheric-pressure plasma (CAP) is a pretreatment method that should improve the surface properties without physical damage. Thus, the purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of CAP treatment on pull-off tensile load in two-piece abutment crowns. METHODS Eighty zirconia crowns and titanium bases were divided into eight groups (n = 10) according to their surface pretreatment prior to cementation with Panavia V5: no treatment (A); sandblasting (B); 10-MDP primer (C); sandblasting and primer (D); CAP (AP); sandblasting and CAP (BP); CAP and primer (CP); sandblasting, CAP and primer (DP). The specimens were thermocycled (5°/55°, 5000 cycles), and then the pull-off tensile load (TL) was measured. Statistical analyses were performed using three-way ANOVA with Tukey post-hoc and Fisher's exact tests. RESULTS The results showed that the TL was highest in group D (p < 0.0001). Some combinations of different treatments led to effects that were greater than the sum of the individual effects. These effects were modified by interactions. Only in combination with primer, CAP treatment had a small but positive significant effect (group CP vs. C and CP vs. AP, p < 0.0001) which however did not come close to the strong interaction effect that resulted from the combination of sandblasting and primer. CONCLUSION Within the limitations of this study, CAP treatment cannot be recommended in this specific field of indication due to its unreliable influence on TL in combination with other pretreatment methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolin-Isabel Görgen
- Department for Prosthetic Dentistry and Materials, University Medical Centre, Augustusplatz 2, 55131, Mainz, Germany.
| | - Kawe Sagheb
- Department for Prosthetic Dentistry and Materials, University Medical Centre, Augustusplatz 2, 55131, Mainz, Germany
| | - Karl Martin Lehmann
- Department for Prosthetic Dentistry and Materials, University Medical Centre, Augustusplatz 2, 55131, Mainz, Germany
| | - Irene Schmidtmann
- Institute for Medical Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, University Medical Centre, Obere Zahlbacher Str. 69, 55131, Mainz, Germany
| | - Stefan Wentaschek
- Department for Prosthetic Dentistry and Materials, University Medical Centre, Augustusplatz 2, 55131, Mainz, Germany
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Öztürk C, Çelik E, Gönüldaş F. Effect of different surface treatments on the biaxial flexural strength of zirconia ceramics. J Prosthet Dent 2023; 129:220.e1-220.e5. [PMID: 36503852 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2022.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM Different surface treatments have been applied to zirconia restorations in clinical practice to increase the bond strength between zirconia and cement, but their effect on flexural strength is unknown. PURPOSE The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the effect of different surface treatments before and after sintering on the flexural strength of zirconia. MATERIAL AND METHODS Sixty disk-shaped specimens with an initial diameter of 18.6 ±0.1 mm and thickness of 2 ±0.1 mm were prepared from preshaded presintered 3Y-TZP blocks. The specimens were randomly divided into 3 groups (n=20) according to surface treatments (Group Laser, Group APA, Group Rocatec), and the groups were then divided into 2 subgroups (n=10) according to surface treatment before and after sintering. The phase compositions of the groups were examined by using an X-ray diffractometer (XRD) with 3 randomly selected specimens from each group. Biaxial flexural strength testing was conducted using a universal testing machine to examine the flexural strength of the zirconia specimens. Two-way ANOVA and post hoc least significant difference tests were performed (α=.05). RESULTS According to the XRD analysis, no monoclinic phases were determined on the surface of the presintered laser-treated specimens, but tetragonal phases were observed on the surface of the postsintered specimens. Surface treatment type and application stage (presintering to postsintering) have a significant effect on the biaxial flexural strength of the specimens (P<.05). The lowest biaxial flexural values were observed in the Laser group, and postsintered specimens showed higher biaxial flexural strength than presintered specimens (P<.05). CONCLUSIONS Postsintered specimens showed higher monoclinic content than presintered specimens. Laser-treated specimens showed the lowest biaxial flexural strength for both presintered and postsintered specimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caner Öztürk
- Associate professor, Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Hatay Mustafa Kemal University, Hatay, Turkey.
| | - Ersan Çelik
- Associate professor, Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Ordu University, Ordu, Turkey
| | - Fehmi Gönüldaş
- Associate professor, Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
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Swarnakar A, Swarnakar AP, Pal HS, Tyagi S, Rawat P, Sharma A. Comparative Analysis of Three Surface Treatments on the Bond Strength of Zirconia to Resin-luting Agents: An In Vitro Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2022; 23:883-888. [PMID: 37282994 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-3389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
AIM To study the impact of three different surface treatments namely sandblasting, silane-coupling agent, and laser on the retention of zirconia prosthesis and bond strength of zirconia to a resin-luting agent. MATERIALS AND METHODS Sixty zirconia crowns were fabricated and were divided into four groups of 15 samples each on the basis of surface treatments. A control group with no surface treatment (group A), laser-treated (group B), treatment with silane-coupling agent (group C), and sandblasting with aluminium oxide (Al2O3) particles (group D). Testing was then carried out using a universal testing machine (0.5 mm/min crosshead speed). At a point where the crown got separated from the tooth, the reading in kilogram force (kgF) was recorded. The data were collected and analyzed statistically. RESULTS Group D produced the highest mean bond strength (17.5233 kgF) followed by group B (10.0067 kgF), group C (8.6907 kgF), and group A (3.3773 kgF). One-way ANOVA test showed a p-value more than 0.05, concluding no significant difference among the groups. Tukey's HSD post hoc test gave the p-value corresponding to the F-statistic of one-way ANOVA lower than 0.01 when intergroup comparison was done confirming a significant difference among the groups. CONCLUSION The bond strength significantly increased in the samples treated by sandblasting compared with those treated with laser and silane-coupling agents. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE The success of a zirconia prosthesis lies on its bonding with the tooth structure. Bond failure leads to loss of function and hence ends up in failure. Selection of the proper surface treatment will not only improve the bond strength but also amplify the retention of zirconia-based prosthesis, thereby reducing the failure of the final prosthesis. It also improves the longevity of the prosthesis and restores the lost function which is the basic clinical aim of a prosthodontic treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arka Swarnakar
- Department of Prosthodontics and Crown & Bridge, Kothiwal Dental College & Research Centre, Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh, India, Phone: +91 7477540054, e-mail:
| | - Angana Pal Swarnakar
- Consultant Prosthodontist, Modern Dental Clinic, Khamarchandi, Hooghly, West Bengal, India
| | - Himadri Sekhar Pal
- Department of Prosthodontics and Crown & Bridge, KSD Jain Dental College and Hospital, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Shivani Tyagi
- Dental Square, Gajraula, Amroha, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Pragati Rawat
- Department of Prosthodontics and Crown & Bridge, Subharti Dental College, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Abhinav Sharma
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Subharti Dental College, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India
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7
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The Use of Lasers in Dental Materials: A Review. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14123370. [PMID: 34207048 PMCID: PMC8234179 DOI: 10.3390/ma14123370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Lasers have been well integrated in clinical dentistry for the last two decades, providing clinical alternatives in the management of both soft and hard tissues with an expanding use in the field of dental materials. One of their main advantages is that they can deliver very low to very high concentrated power at an exact point on any substrate by all possible means. The aim of this review is to thoroughly analyze the use of lasers in the processing of dental materials and to enlighten the new trends in laser technology focused on dental material management. New approaches for the elaboration of dental materials that require high energy levels and delicate processing, such as metals, ceramics, and resins are provided, while time consuming laboratory procedures, such as cutting restorative materials, welding, and sintering are facilitated. In addition, surface characteristics of titanium alloys and high strength ceramics can be altered. Finally, the potential of lasers to increase the adhesion of zirconia ceramics to different substrates has been tested for all laser devices, including a new ultrafast generation of lasers.
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Polat S, Tokar E, Asar NV, Kirmali O. Evaluation of Efficacy of Various Surface Conditioning Methods on the Repair Bond Strength of Composite to Different Fracture Types of Zirconia Ceramics. SCANNING 2021; 2021:5537761. [PMID: 34131464 PMCID: PMC8178005 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5537761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of different surface treatment methods on shear bond strength between composite resin and different levels of zirconia ceramic. Laser surface-conditioning procedures have been reported as effective method to increase repair bond strength of composite to zirconia ceramics. Detailed information of effects of Er,Cr:YSGG laser treatment with different pulse rates on the zirconia ceramics is lacking in the literature. 120 disc-shaped specimens were prepared including zirconia, veneering ceramic, and 50% veneering ceramic-50% zirconia surfaces. Four different surface treatments were applied to the specimens. These were grinding with diamond bur, sandblasting, and short and long pulse rates of Er,Cr:YSGG laser irradiation. An intraoral ceramic repair kit was used to repair specimens, and shear bond strength was performed on the composite resin to each specimen. The highest mean bond strength was seen in the veneering ceramic surface that was ground using a diamond bur, and the lowest mean bond strength value was observed in the same surface that was treated with long pulse laser irradiation. The sandblasting with alumina particles exhibited lower mean repairing bond strength among the rest of used methods in this study for the group which contained half of the veneering ceramic and half of the zirconia. Sandblasting and Er,Cr:YSGG laser using surface treatment procedures obtained appropriate bond strength for the group that included 50% veneering ceramic-50% zirconia, because of no significant differences observed among the applied surface conditioning methods in this group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serdar Polat
- Gazi University, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Prosthodontics, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Emre Tokar
- Gazi University, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Prosthodontics, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Neset Volkan Asar
- Gazi University, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Prosthodontics, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Omer Kirmali
- Akdeniz University, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Prosthodontics, Antalya, Turkey
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Han J, Zhang F, Van Meerbeek B, Vleugels J, Braem A, Castagne S. Laser surface texturing of zirconia-based ceramics for dental applications: A review. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2021; 123:112034. [PMID: 33812647 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2021.112034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Laser surface texturing is widely explored for modifying the surface topography of various materials and thereby tuning their optical, tribological, biological, and other surface properties. In dentistry, improved osseointegration has been observed with laser textured titanium dental implants in clinical trials. Due to several limitations of titanium materials, dental implants made of zirconia-based ceramics are now considered as one of the best alternatives. Laser surface texturing of zirconia dental implants is therefore attracting increasing attention. However, due to the brittle nature of zirconia, as well as the metastable tetragonal ZrO2 phase, laser texturing in the case of zirconia is more challenging than in the case of titanium. Understanding these challenges requires different fields of expertise, including laser engineering, materials science, and dentistry. Even though much progress was made within each field of expertise, a comprehensive analysis of all the related factors is still missing. This review paper provides thus an overview of the common challenges and current status on the use of lasers for surface texturing of zirconia-based ceramics for dental applications, including texturing of zirconia implants for improving osseointegration, texturing of zirconia abutments for reducing peri-implant inflammation, and texturing of zirconia restorations for improving restoration retention by bonding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jide Han
- KU Leuven, Department of Mechanical Engineering and Flanders Make@KU Leuven-MaPS, Celestijnenlaan 300, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Fei Zhang
- KU Leuven, Department of Materials Engineering, Kasteelpark Arenberg 44, 3001 Leuven, Belgium; KU Leuven, Department of Oral Health Sciences, BIOMAT, Kapucijnenvoer 7 Block A, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Bart Van Meerbeek
- KU Leuven, Department of Oral Health Sciences, BIOMAT, Kapucijnenvoer 7 Block A, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jozef Vleugels
- KU Leuven, Department of Materials Engineering, Kasteelpark Arenberg 44, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Annabel Braem
- KU Leuven, Department of Materials Engineering, Kasteelpark Arenberg 44, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sylvie Castagne
- KU Leuven, Department of Mechanical Engineering and Flanders Make@KU Leuven-MaPS, Celestijnenlaan 300, 3001 Leuven, Belgium.
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Panahandeh N, Azarsina M, Ostad Hossein N, Fekrazad R. Microshear Bond Strength of Composite Resin to Enamel Treated With Titanium Tetrafluoride and the Carbon Dioxide Laser (10.6 µm): An In Vitro Study. J Lasers Med Sci 2021; 11:486-490. [PMID: 33425302 DOI: 10.34172/jlms.2020.76] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: The present study aims to assess the microshear bond strength (µSBS) of composite to enamel treated with titanium tetrafluoride (TiF4 ) and CO2 laser irradiation. Methods: Fifteen human molars were sectioned and their enamel surfaces were abraded. The sections were randomly assigned to 5 groups (n=15): (CO); control group, (AP); treated with 1.23% acidulated phosphate fluoride (APF) for 4 minutes, (Ti); 4% TiF4 for 1 minute, (L+AP); CO2 laser irradiation (10.6 µm wavelength, 1 W peak power, 10 ms pulse duration, 500 ms repetition time, 0.2 mm beam spot size at the tissue level, 2 cm distance of handpiece tip to tissue surface (DSE, South Cores) followed by 1.23% APF, and (L+ Ti); 10.6μm CO2 laser irradiation followed by 4% TiF4 for one minute. Using Tygon tubes, Z250 (3M/ESPE) composite was bonded to the surface of the samples. The µSBS of composite to enamel was measured using a microtensile testing machine after 500 thermal cycles. The data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA and the Tukey HSD test (P <0.05). Results: The mean µSBS was 20.66, 20.21, 13.44, 23.01, and 10.16 MPa in CO, AP, Ti, L+AP, and L+Ti groups respectively. Significant differences were observed between CO and Ti (P =0.026) and also CO and L+ Ti (P <0.0001). Conclusion: The application of TiF4 per se and after CO2 laser irradiation on enamel decreased the µSBS of composite to enamel; on the other hand, APF alone and after laser irradiation did not have any adverse effect on the µSBS of composite to enamel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narges Panahandeh
- Associate Professor, Dental Research Center, Research Institute of Dental Sciences, Dental School, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences. Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohadese Azarsina
- Assistant Professor, Department of Operative Dentistry, Dental School, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Reza Fekrazad
- Professor, Department of Periodontology, Dental Faculty - Laser Research Center in Medical Sciences, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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11
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Molazem M, Hatami M, Lotfi-Kamran M, Davari A. Effect of different laser treatments on the shear bond strength of zirconia ceramic to resin cement. Dent Res J (Isfahan) 2021. [DOI: 10.4103/1735-3327.321867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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12
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Dusengemungu L, Kasali G, Gwanama C, Ouma KO. Recent Advances in Biosorption of Copper and Cobalt by Filamentous Fungi. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:582016. [PMID: 33408701 PMCID: PMC7779407 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.582016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Copper (Cu) and Cobalt (Co) are among the most toxic heavy metals from mining and other industrial activities. Both are known to pose serious environmental concerns, particularly to water resources, if not properly treated. In recent years several filamentous fungal strains have been isolated, identified and assessed for their heavy metal biosorption capacity for potential application in bioremediation of Cu and Co wastes. Despite the growing interest in heavy metal removal by filamentous fungi, their exploitation faces numerous challenges such as finding suitable candidates for biosorption. Based on current findings, various strains of filamentous fungi have high metal uptake capacity, particularly for Cu and Co. Several works indicate that Trichoderma, Penicillium, and Aspergillus species have higher Cu and Co biosorption capacity compared to other fungal species such as Geotrichum, Monilia, and Fusarium. It is believed that far more fungal species with even higher biosorption capability are yet to be isolated. Furthermore, the application of filamentous fungi for bioremediation is considered environmentally friendly, highly effective, reliable, and affordable, due to their low technology pre-requisites. In this review, we highlight the capacity of various identified filamentous fungal isolates for biosorption of copper and cobalt from various environments, as well as their future prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonce Dusengemungu
- School of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, The Copperbelt University, Kitwe, Zambia
| | - George Kasali
- School of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, The Copperbelt University, Kitwe, Zambia
| | - Cousins Gwanama
- School of Natural Resources, The Copperbelt University, Kitwe, Zambia
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Influence of Er:YAG laser surface treatment on flexural and bond strengths to glass-infiltrated zirconia-reinforced ceramic. Lasers Med Sci 2020; 36:1487-1495. [PMID: 33216247 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-020-03205-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
To evaluate the effect of Er:YAG laser conditioning of a glass-infiltrated alumina-based zirconia-reinforced ceramic on its flexural strength and on bonding to a resin cement. Sixteen blocks (5 × 5 × 4 mm) and 50 discs (Ø 12 mm, 1 mm thickness) of In-Ceram Zirconia (ICZ) obtained from CAD-CAM blocks were infiltrated with glass. For the microtensile bond strength (μTBS) test, all blocks were treated with aluminum oxide (AOX) and divided into 4 groups (n = 4): G1 (AOX), no combined surface treatment; G2 (ROC), tribochemical silica-coating; G3 (EY200), Er:YAG laser 200 mJ/15 Hz; and G4 (EY250), Er:YAG laser 250 mJ/10 Hz. The ceramic blocks were silanated and cemented with a resin cement (Panavia F2.0/Kuraray) to composite resin blocks and subjected to the μTBS test. For the flexural strength evaluation, the discs were divided into 5 groups (n = 10) as described above, in addition to a control group (G5 - CTRL, mirror-polished without further treatment). Each surface treatment was submitted to qualitative evaluation under SEM. One-way ANOVA (α = 5%) revealed the highest bond strength value for EY200 with no significant difference from ROC. The groups AOX and EY250 showed similar μTBS values that were statistically lower than those of EY200. For flexural strength, ROC was the only group with significantly lower values when compared with the CTRL. The use of Er:YAG laser at 200 mJ/15 Hz can be considered an innovative and effective alternative for surface conditioning of ICZ since it did not reduce the flexural strength of the ceramic and improved the resin cement bond to this substrate.
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Jahandideh Y, Falahchai M, Pourkhalili H. Effect of Surface Treatment With Er:YAG and CO2 Lasers on Shear Bond Strength of Polyether Ether Ketone to Composite Resin Veneers. J Lasers Med Sci 2020; 11:153-159. [PMID: 32273956 DOI: 10.34172/jlms.2020.26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Polyether ether ketone (PEEK) has low surface energy and high resistance to chemical surface treatments. Therefore, different surface treatments such as laser conditioning should be investigated. There is a gap of information regarding the efficacy of laser irradiation in the surface treatment of PEEK, and the efficacy of several laser types needs to be evaluated for this purpose. This study aimed to assess the effect of surface treatment with erbium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Er:YAG) and carbon dioxide (CO2) lasers on shear bond strength (SBS) of PEEK to composite resin veneers. Methods: In this experimental study, 60 rectangular-shaped PEEK samples (7 x 7 x 2 mm) were used. The samples were mounted in auto-polymerizing acrylic resin in such a way that only one surface measuring 7x7 mm remained exposed. The samples were then randomly divided into 3 groups (n=20) of control, Er:YAG laser surface treatment (Power=1.5 W, energy density=119.42 J/cm2 , irradiation time=20 s) and CO2 laser surface treatment (Power=4 W, energy density=159.22 J/cm2 , irradiation time=50 s). The bonding agent and PEEK opaque were applied on the surface of samples and they were veneered with a composite resin using a hollow plastic cylinder with an internal diameter of 4 mm. The SBS was then measured and the data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA, Tukey HSD test and Dunnett's test at 0.05 level of significance. Results: The SBS of the 3 groups was significantly different (P<0.001). The Tukey HSD test revealed that the Er:YAG laser had higher SBS than the CO2 laser group (P<0.001). The Dunnett's test showed that both Er:YAG and CO2 laser groups yielded higher SBS than the control group (P<0.001). Conclusion: The Er:YAG and CO2 laser treatments can increase the SBS of PEEK to composite resin veneers, although the Er:YAG laser seems to be more effective for this purpose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yousef Jahandideh
- Dental Sciences Research Center, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Mehran Falahchai
- Dental Sciences Research Center, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Hossein Pourkhalili
- Dental Sciences Research Center, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
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Kurtulmus-Yilmaz S, Önöral Ö, Aktore H, Ozan O. Does the application of surface treatments in different sintering stages affect flexural strength and optical properties of zirconia? J ESTHET RESTOR DENT 2019; 32:81-90. [PMID: 31774243 DOI: 10.1111/jerd.12552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Revised: 11/07/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the influence of surface treatments conducted in presintering and postsintering stages on flexural strength and optical properties of zirconia. MATERIALS AND METHODS Specimens were milled from partially sintered zirconia blocks in different geometries and divided into three main groups as presintered, postsintered, and control groups. Test groups were further divided into three subgroups (n = 10) according to the surface treatments conducted (grinding, Er,Cr:YSGG laser irradiation, air-borne particle abrasion [APA]). Four-point flexural strength (σ) test and Weibull analysis were conducted. Color differences (ΔE00 ) and translucency parameter (TPab ) were calculated with a spectrophotometer. Surfaces of specimens were scrutinized under FESEM. Data were statistically analyzed. RESULTS Postsintered groups exhibited higher σ values (P < .05). Within all groups, highest and lowest σ values were detected at postsintered and presintered APA groups, respectively (P < .05). All ΔE00 values were above the perceptibility threshold (ΔE00 > 0.8). Higher TPab values were obtained and deeper scratches were observed in presintered groups. CONCLUSIONS Surface treatments performed at postsintering stage had a favorable effect on the flexural strength of all specimens. Surface treatments performed before sintering increased translucency and caused higher ΔE00 values. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Surface treatments performed at different sintering stages can alter mechanical and optical properties of zirconia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sevcan Kurtulmus-Yilmaz
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Near East University, Lefkosa, Mersin 10, Turkey
| | - Özay Önöral
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Near East University, Lefkosa, Mersin 10, Turkey
| | | | - Oguz Ozan
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Near East University, Lefkosa, Mersin 10, Turkey
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Ozevcimen AN, Kirmali O. Shear Bond Strength Between Zirconia and Veneer Ceramic: Effect of Thermocycling and Laser Treatment. Photobiomodul Photomed Laser Surg 2019; 37:434-441. [PMID: 31265377 DOI: 10.1089/photob.2018.4541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of various presintering and sintered surface treatments and thermocycling on the bond strength between zirconia and veneer ceramics. Background data: Bond stability between zirconia and veneer ceramic is a major concern, and only limited evidence about its longevity is currently available. Moreover, no study has yet evaluated the influence of thermocycling on the bond strength of veneer ceramic to zirconia after Er,Cr:YSGG laser irradiation at different pulse durations and sandblasting. Materials and methods: In this study, 220 nonsintered zirconia specimens were prepared with CAD/CAM and randomly divided into 2 groups; half of the specimens in each group were stored in water for 1 week, and the other half were thermocycled (5000 cycles) between baths of 5°C and 55°C. Specimens were then divided into five subgroups based on the following surface treatments: control (untreated surface), sandblasting (120 μm Al2O3), and Er,Cr: YSGG laser irradiations (3 W-8 Hz, 3 W-15 Hz, and 3 W-20 Hz, MGG 6 laser tip, for 20 sec, distance of 10 mm, water/airflow of 55% and 65%). Morphological assessment was done using atomic force microscopy and scanning electron microscopy, and phase transformation was assessed by X-ray diffractometry. All specimens were then veneered with veneering ceramic, and bond strength test using a universal testing device at a 1 mm/min crosshead speed. Data were evaluated by Kruskal-Wallis variance analysis and the Mann-Whitney U test. Results: There was no significant difference in the bonding strength values among the (p > 0.05). Thermocycling reduced the bond strength, but it was not significant (p > 0.05), except for the presintering 20 Hz group (p < 0.02). Conclusions: Application of thermocycling to sintered zirconia specimens may be detrimental to the shear bond strength of zirconia ceramics. Treating the zirconia surface after sintering is not recommended, due to the decrease in bond strength.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Omer Kirmali
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey
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Saade J, Skienhe H, Ounsi H, Matinlinna JP, Salameh Z. Effect of different combinations of surface treatment on adhesion of resin composite to zirconia. Clin Cosmet Investig Dent 2019; 11:119-129. [PMID: 31213925 PMCID: PMC6549770 DOI: 10.2147/ccide.s204986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: The purpose of this laboratory study was to evaluate the effect of different surface treatment combinations on resin zirconia bonding. Materials and methods: One hundred and five pre-sintered zirconia quadrangles were prepared out of zirconia blocks, polished, then sintered and divided into five groups (n=21). Group I (control): samples were untreated, group II: grit-blasting with 50 µm alumina particles, group III: grit-blasting with 100 µm alumina particles, group IV: Er,Cr:YSGG laser, and group V: selective infiltration etching technique. Microstructural analysis was performed using scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, a diffractometer, and a profilometer. Cylinders of composite resin were luted with Panavia resin composite cementand Clearfil ceramic primer. Shear bond strength (SBS) was determined using a universal testing machine. Results: SBS results were analyzed using one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey post hoc tests for multiple comparisons. The level of significance was set to 0.05. SBS values of the studied groups II, III, IV, and V were 16.2±1.8 MPa, 15.7±3.7 MPa, 14.8±3.4 MPa, and 16.8±3.0 MPa, respectively. All values were significantly higher than the control group (10.48±1.80 MPa), but without a significant difference between them. Group III exhibited the roughest surface, and Group I had a more significantly reduced surface roughness value than any other group. Group III presented the highest significant increase of tetragonal to monoclinic phase transformation (13%). Conclusion: The use of grit-blasting with greater particles size enhanced SBS with resin composite cement, but induced a higher amount of monoclinic phase transformation. The use of primer based on adhesive monomer with the resin cement is required to enhance the bonding efficiency. The use of laser enhanced the surface roughness and the bonding ability to zirconia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihad Saade
- Faculty of Dental Medicine, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Hasan Skienhe
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Hani Ounsi
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Jukka P Matinlinna
- Dental Materials Science, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Hong Kong, Sai Ying Pun, Hong Kong
| | - Ziad Salameh
- Research Center, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
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Ruales-Carrera E, Cesar PF, Henriques B, Fredel MC, Özcan M, Volpato CAM. Adhesion behavior of conventional and high-translucent zirconia: Effect of surface conditioning methods and aging using an experimental methodology. J ESTHET RESTOR DENT 2019; 31:388-397. [PMID: 31099974 DOI: 10.1111/jerd.12490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2019] [Revised: 04/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Evaluate the adhesive behavior of conventional and high-translucent zirconia after surface conditioning and hydrothermal aging. MATERIALS AND METHODS Conventional (ZrC) and high-translucent zirconia (ZrT) specimens were divided into six groups: without surface treatment (ZrC and ZrT), air-borne particle abrasion with 50-μm Al2 O3 sized particles (ZrC-AO and ZrT-AO), and tribochemical treatment with 30-μm silica modified Al2 O3 sized particles (ZrC-T and ZrT-T). Zirconia specimens were treated using an MDP-containing universal adhesive and bonded to two resins blocks with an adhesive luting cement. Microbar specimens with cross-sectioned areas of 1 mm2 were achieved. Half of the microbars were subjected to hydrothermal aging. Bond strength was evaluated by microtensile bond strength test and statistically evaluated by the Weibull analysis. RESULTS Roughness of the ZrC-AO and ZrT-AO groups were statistically higher. Bond strength analysis revealed higher bond strength for ZrC-AO and ZrC-T groups compared to ZrT-AO and ZrT-T, respectively. Mixed failure was the most frequent for the mechanically treated groups, while no cohesive failures were obtained. CONCLUSION Lower values of bond strength were obtained for the mechanically treated high-translucent zirconia groups when compared to their conventional zirconia counterparts. Mechanical surface treatment significantly improved the bond strength to conventional and high-translucent zirconia. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Mechanical surface treatment (air-borne particle abrasion or tribochemical treatment) associated with the use of universal adhesives containing MDP could provide a durable bonding to conventional and high-translucent zirconia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edwin Ruales-Carrera
- Department of Dentistry, Center for Education and Research in Dental Implants (CEPID), Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Paulo F Cesar
- Department of Dental Materials and Oral Biology, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Bruno Henriques
- Ceramic and Composite Materials Research Laboratory (CERMAT), Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Márcio C Fredel
- Ceramic and Composite Materials Research Laboratory (CERMAT), Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Mutlu Özcan
- Dental Materials Unit, Center for Dental and Oral Medicine, Clinic for Fixed and Removable Prosthodontics and Dental Materials Science, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Claudia A M Volpato
- Department of Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
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Steiner R, Heiss-Kisielewsky I, Schwarz V, Schnabl D, Dumfahrt H, Laimer J, Steinmassl O, Steinmassl PA. Zirconia Primers Improve the Shear Bond Strength of Dental Zirconia. J Prosthodont 2019; 29:62-68. [PMID: 30624832 DOI: 10.1111/jopr.13013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/15/2018] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Various resin cements and priming agents are available for adhesive luting of zirconia restorations. The purpose of this study was to investigate how cement type and priming protocol affect the shear bond strength on zirconia ceramics. MATERIALS AND METHODS Yttria-stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystalline ceramic cylinders were bonded to flat zirconia ceramic surfaces using 7 commercially available resin cements. Ten specimens of each cement group were pretreated with a universal primer, and 10 specimens per group were bonded without pretreatment. In addition, 10 specimens per group were pretreated with system-specific zirconia primers, which were available for 3 cements. Altogether, 170 bonded specimens were water-stored, thermal-cycled, and then submitted to shear bond strength tests. The shear bond strength and the fracture types were documented. Differences in shear bond strengths were assessed using 2-way ANOVA with post-hoc test (α = 0.05). A point-biserial correlation was run between the fracture patterns and the shear bond strengths. RESULTS The mean shear bond strengths of cements in the unprimed group showed large variations between 2.52 ± 3.01 (mean ± SD) MPa and 33.15 ± 7.35 MPa. Pretreating the specimens with a universal primer improved the shear bond strengths significantly in all groups (p < 0.05) with a range of 21.80 ± 12.51 to 57.20 ± 11.40 MPa. The system-specific primers also improved the shear bond strength significantly, compared to the unprimed group (p < 0.01); however, only one system-specific primer achieved a shear bond strength superior to the universal primer (p < 0.01). There was also a statistical correlation between the fracture type and the shear bond strength (p < 0.0005), with cohesively fractured specimens showing higher shear bond strengths (37.24 ± 19.87 MPa) than adhesively fractured specimens (23.10 ± 17.65 MPa) (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION Using universal primer can enhance the maximal shear bond strength of zirconia.
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Affiliation(s)
- René Steiner
- University Hospital for Dental Prosthetics and Restorative Dentistry, Medical University of Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Irene Heiss-Kisielewsky
- University Hospital for Dental Prosthetics and Restorative Dentistry, Medical University of Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Vincent Schwarz
- University Hospital for Dental Prosthetics and Restorative Dentistry, Medical University of Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Dagmar Schnabl
- University Hospital for Dental Prosthetics and Restorative Dentistry, Medical University of Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Herbert Dumfahrt
- University Hospital for Dental Prosthetics and Restorative Dentistry, Medical University of Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Johannes Laimer
- University Hospital for Cranio-Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery, Medical University of Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Otto Steinmassl
- University Hospital for Cranio-Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery, Medical University of Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Patricia-Anca Steinmassl
- University Hospital for Dental Prosthetics and Restorative Dentistry, Medical University of Innsbruck, Austria
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Mirhashemi A, Chiniforush N, Jadidi H, Sharifi N. Comparative study of the effect of Er:YAG and Er:Cr;YSGG lasers on porcelain: etching for the bonding of orthodontic brackets. Lasers Med Sci 2018; 33:1997-2005. [PMID: 29980947 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-018-2573-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2017] [Accepted: 06/27/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the effect of Er:YAG (smart 2940 Dplus, DEKA, Italy) and Er:CrYSGG (Waterlase iPlus, Biolase, USA) lasers on the shear bond strength (SBS) between the orthodontic brackets and dental porcelain in comparison with conventional acid etching with 9% hydrofluoric acid (HF, Ultradent, USA). A total of 60 specimens of maxillary incisor crown were prepared and randomly assigned to five groups; each group was subjected to a different porcelain surface conditioning: (1) etching with the 9% HF for 2 min; (2) etching with the 9% HF for 2 min followed by irradiation with the Er:CrYSGG laser (3-W power, 10-Hz frequency for 10 s); (3) etching with the 9% HF for 2 min followed by irradiation with the Er:YAG laser (3-W power, 10-Hz frequency for 10 s); (4) Irradiation with the Er:CrYSGG laser (3-W power, 10-Hz frequency for 10 s without acid etching) and (5) irradiation with the Er:YAG laser (3-W power,10-Hz frequency for 10 s without acid etching). After using Transbond XT primer and Transbond XT adhesive, the metal brackets (Dentaurum, Germany equilibrium 2, optimal design) bonded to the conditioned porcelain surface. Subsequently, the specimens were thermocycled for 5000 cycles and then debonded using the Universal Testing Machine (Zwick). In each group, one specimen was not bonded to brackets to allow further examination with electron microscopy. After debonding, the specimens were examined by stereomicroscope to determine their adhesive remnant index (ARI). The average SBS [Mean (SD)] values in the five groups were as follows: HF (32.58 ± 9.21 MPa), Er:CrYSGG + HF (27.81 ± 7.66 MPa), Er:YAG + HF (23.08 ± 9.55 MPa), Er:CrYSGG (14.11 ± 9.35 MPa), and Er:YAG (6.30 ± 3.09 MPa). A statistically significant difference in SBS existed between the first three groups and the two laser groups (df = 4, F = 18.555, p < 0.001). Evaluation of ARI values showed that bond failures in the first three groups were mostly of cohesive and mixed types, but in the laser groups, they were mostly adhesive. Chi-square was not significant between groups (p = 0.219). The Er:YAG laser with the stated specifications is not a suitable alternative to HF etching. In the case of Er:CrYSGG laser, although the conditioning outcome met the bond strength requirement for orthodontic brackets (that is, 6-8 MPa). Therefore, the bond strength must be further improved by fine-tuning the irradiation details.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amirhossein Mirhashemi
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, North amirabad Ave, Tehran, 1441987566, Iran
| | - Nasim Chiniforush
- Laser Research Center of Dentistry, Dentistry Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hanieh Jadidi
- School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nastaran Sharifi
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, North amirabad Ave, Tehran, 1441987566, Iran.
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Evaluation of the Effect of Different Types of Abrasive Surface Treatment before and after Zirconia Sintering on Its Structural Composition and Bond Strength with Resin Cement. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 2018:1803425. [PMID: 29992135 PMCID: PMC5994317 DOI: 10.1155/2018/1803425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2018] [Revised: 04/05/2018] [Accepted: 04/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
This study evaluated the effect of air abrasion before and after sintering with different particle type, shape, and size on the surface morphology, monoclinic phase transformation, and bond strength between resin cement and zirconia surface using primer containing silane and MDP. Airborne particle abrasion (APA) was performed on zirconia before and after sintering with different particle shape and size (50 μm Al2O3 and 25 μm silica powder). 120 square shaped presintered zirconia samples (Amann Girrbach) were prepared (3 mm height × 10 mm width × 10 mm length) and polished with grit papers #800, 1000, 1200, 1500, and 2000. Samples were divided into 6 groups according to surface treatment-group A: (control) no surface treatment; group B: APA 50 μm Al2O3 before sintering (BS); group C: APA 50 μm Al2O3 after sintering (AS); group D: APA25 μm silica powder (BS); group E: APA25 μm silica powder (AS) at a pressure of 3.5 bar; and group F: APA 25 μm silica powder (AS) at a pressure of 4 bar. Samples were analyzed using XRD, AFM, and SEM. The samples were submitted to shear bond strength (SBS) test. A dual cure resin cement (RelyX Ultimate) and primer (Scotchbond Universal) were used. Data were analyzed with ANOVA and Tukey test (α ≥ 0.05). APA in group B significantly increased the surface roughness when compared to all other groups. A significant monoclinic phase transformation (t-m) value was observed in groups C and F and a reverse transformation occurred in presintered groups. The SBS value of group A was 11.58 ± 1.43 and the highest significant shear bond strength value was for groups B (15.86 ± 1.92) and C (17.59 ± 2.21 MPa) with no significant difference between them. Conclusions. The use of APA 50 μm Al2O3 before sintering and the application of primer containing MDP seem to be valuable methods for durable bonding with zirconia. The use of APA 50 μm Al2O3 after sintering induced the highest (t-m) phase transformation.
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Ataol AS, Ergun G. Repair bond strength of resin composite to bilayer dental ceramics. J Adv Prosthodont 2018; 10:101-112. [PMID: 29713430 PMCID: PMC5917101 DOI: 10.4047/jap.2018.10.2.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2017] [Revised: 09/07/2017] [Accepted: 09/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of various surface treatments (ST) on the shear bond strength of resin composite to three bilayer dental ceramics made by CAD/CAM and two veneering ceramics. MATERIALS AND METHODS Three different bilayer dental ceramics and two different veneering ceramics were used (Group A: IPS e.max CAD+IPS e.max Ceram; Group B: IPS e.max ZirCAD+IPS e.max Ceram, Group C: Vita Suprinity+Vita VM11; Group D: IPS e.max Ceram; Group E: Vita VM11). All groups were divided into eight subgroups according to the ST. Then, all test specimens were repaired with a nano hybrid resin composite. Half of the test specimens were subjected to thermocycling procedure and the other half was stored in distilled water at 37℃. Shear bond strength tests for all test specimens were carried out with a universal testing machine. RESULTS There were statistically significant differences among the tested surface treatments within the all tested fracture types (P<.005). HF etching showed higher bond strength values in Groups A, C, D, and E than the other tested ST. However, bonding durability of all the surface-treated groups were similar after thermocycling (P>.00125). CONCLUSION This study revealed that HF etching for glass ceramics and sandblasting for zirconia ceramics were adequate for repair of all ceramic restorations. The effect of ceramic type exposed on the fracture area was not significant on the repair bond strength of resin composites to different ceramic types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayse Seda Ataol
- Department of Prosthodontic, Faculty of Dentistry, Mersin University, Mersin, Turkey
| | - Gulfem Ergun
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
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Skienhe H, Habchi R, Ounsi HF, Ferrari M, Salameh Z. Structural and Morphological Evaluation of Presintered Zirconia following Different Surface Treatments. J Contemp Dent Pract 2018; 19:156-165. [PMID: 29422464 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-2230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
AIM The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of different surface treatments on roughness, grain size, and phase transformation of presintered zirconia. MATERIALS AND METHODS Surface treatments included airborne particle abrasion (APA) before and after sintering with different particles shape, size, and pressure (50 μm Al2O3, 50 μm glass beads, and ceramic powder). Thirty-five square-shaped presin-tered yttrium-stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystal (Y-TZP) ceramic slabs (Zenostar ZR bridge, Wieland) were prepared (4 mm height × 10 mm width × 10 mm length) and polished with silicon carbide grit papers #800, 1000, 1200, 1500, and 2000 to ensure identical initial roughness. Specimens were divided into five groups according to surface treatment: group I (control): no surface treatment; group II: APA 50 μm Al2O3 after sintering; group III: APA 50 μm Al2O3 particles before sintering; group IV: APA 50 μm glass bead particles before sintering; and group V: APA ceramic powder before sintering. Specimens were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses, and tested for shear bond strength (SBS). Data were statistically analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by post hoc tests for multiple comparisons Tukey's test (a > 0.05). RESULTS Air abrasion before sintering significantly increased the surface roughness when compared with groups I and III. The highest tetragonal to monoclinic (t-m) phase transformation (0.07%) was observed in group III, and a reverse transformation was observed in presintered groups (0.01%). Regarding bond strength, there was a significant difference between APA procedures pre- and postsintering. CONCLUSION Air abrasion before sintering is a valuable method for increasing surface roughness and SBS. The abrasive particles' size and type used before sintering had a little effect on phase transformation. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Air abrasion before sintering could be supposed to be an alternative surface treatment method to air abrasion after sintering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hasan Skienhe
- Doctoral School of Science and Technology, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon, Phone: +9613600991, e-mail:
| | - Roland Habchi
- Department of Nanosciences and Nanotechnology. Campus Pierre Gemayel, Fanar, Lebanese University
| | - Hani F Ounsi
- Department of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon Department of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Marco Ferrari
- Department of Prosthodontics and Dental Materials, School of Dental Medicine, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Ziad Salameh
- Department of Research, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
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García-Sanz V, Paredes-Gallardo V, Mendoza-Yero O, Carbonell-Leal M, Albaladejo A, Montiel-Company JM, Bellot-Arcís C. The effects of lasers on bond strength to ceramic materials: A systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0190736. [PMID: 29293633 PMCID: PMC5749860 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0190736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2017] [Accepted: 12/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Lasers have recently been introduced as an alternative means of conditioning dental ceramic surfaces in order to enhance their adhesive strength to cements and other materials. The present systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to review and quantitatively analyze the available literature in order to determine which bond protocols and laser types are the most effective. A search was conducted in the Pubmed, Embase and Scopus databases for papers published up to April 2017. PRISMA guidelines for systematic review and meta-analysis were followed. Fifty-two papers were eligible for inclusion in the review. Twenty-five studies were synthesized quantitatively. Lasers were found to increase bond strength of ceramic surfaces to resin cements and composites when compared with control specimens (p-value < 0.01), whereas no significant differences were found in comparison with air-particle abraded surfaces. High variability can be observed in adhesion values between different analyses, pointing to a need to standardize study protocols and to determine the optimal parameters for each laser type.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verónica García-Sanz
- Department of Stomatology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Vanessa Paredes-Gallardo
- Department of Stomatology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Omel Mendoza-Yero
- GROC•UJI, Institute of New Imaging Technologies, Universitat Jaume I, Castellón, Spain
| | - Miguel Carbonell-Leal
- GROC•UJI, Institute of New Imaging Technologies, Universitat Jaume I, Castellón, Spain
| | - Alberto Albaladejo
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | | | - Carlos Bellot-Arcís
- Department of Stomatology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
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25
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Ataol AS, Ergun G. Effects of surface treatments on repair bond strength of a new CAD/CAM ZLS glass ceramic and two different types of CAD/CAM ceramics. J Oral Sci 2018; 60:201-211. [DOI: 10.2334/josnusd.17-0109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ayse Seda Ataol
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Mersin University
| | - Gulfem Ergun
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Gazi University
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26
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Mirhashemi A, Sharifi N, Moharrami M, Chiniforush N. Evaluation of Different Types of Lasers in Surface Conditioning of Porcelains: A Review Article. J Lasers Med Sci 2017; 8:101-111. [PMID: 29123628 DOI: 10.15171/jlms.2017.19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
To achieve proper bond strength for porcelains, adequate surface roughness is essential, which is traditionally gained by sandblasting or acid etching with hydrofluoric (HF) acid. Nowadays with the development of laser systems, serious efforts were made to apply this new instrument for surface etching of porcelains due to easy usage, safety, and more efficiency. There are different kinds of lasers and porcelains, so choosing the ones which will be good match for each other is crucial. Besides that, changing the irradiation setting can be beneficial as well. This article reviewed 33 related studies and summarized results of etching accomplished by Nd:YAG, Er:YAG, Er,Cr:YSGG and CO2 lasers on different types of porcelains considering different laser settings and evaluation methods to bring a comprehensive insight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amirhossin Mirhashemi
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nastaran Sharifi
- School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Moharrami
- School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nasim Chiniforush
- Laser Research Center of Dentistry, Dentistry Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Ahrari F, Boruziniat A, Alirezaei M. Surface treatment with a fractional CO2 laser enhances shear bond strength of resin cement to zirconia. Laser Ther 2016; 25:19-26. [PMID: 27141151 DOI: 10.5978/islsm.16-or-01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The present study investigated the effect of different surface treatments on shear bond strength (SBS) of resin cement to zirconia. MATERIALS AND METHODS Ninety zirconia blocks were prepared and divided into 6 groups of 15 by treatment. Group 1 served as the control group, whereas groups 2 and 3 were treated with air abrasion and a universal primer (Monobond plus), respectively. The remaining zirconia copings were treated with a fractional CO2 laser for 10 seconds using 10 W/10 mJ (group 4), 10 w/14 mJ (group 5) or 20 W/10 mJ (group 6). A luting cement (Clearfil SA) was bonded to the treated zirconia surfaces and cured for 40 seconds. SBS was measured with a universal testing machine and the type of bond failure was determined. RESULTS There was a statistically significant difference in SBS among the study groups (p<0.001). The highest SBS values were observed in the groups treated with the fractional CO2 laser at settings of 20 W/10 mJ (28.1 MPa) or 10 W/14 mJ (27.4 MPa), followed by the specimens treated with the universal primer (22.8 MPa). The control specimens exhibited the lowest SBS (9.4 MPa) among the study groups (p<0.05). There was no significant difference in the distribution of failure modes among the groups (p=0.871). CONCLUSIONS The application of fractional CO2 laser can improve bond strength of resin cement to zirconia ceramic, and thus it could be considered as an appropriate alternative to conventional methods of zirconia surface treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzaneh Ahrari
- Assistant Professor of Orthodontics, Dental Research Center, School of Dentistry, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Alireza Boruziniat
- Assistant Professor of Restorative Dentistry, Dental Research Center, School of Dentistry, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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