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Li B, Sun C, Li J, Gao C. Targeted genome-modification tools and their advanced applications in crop breeding. Nat Rev Genet 2024; 25:603-622. [PMID: 38658741 DOI: 10.1038/s41576-024-00720-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Crop improvement by genome editing involves the targeted alteration of genes to improve plant traits, such as stress tolerance, disease resistance or nutritional content. Techniques for the targeted modification of genomes have evolved from generating random mutations to precise base substitutions, followed by insertions, substitutions and deletions of small DNA fragments, and are finally starting to achieve precision manipulation of large DNA segments. Recent developments in base editing, prime editing and other CRISPR-associated systems have laid a solid technological foundation to enable plant basic research and precise molecular breeding. In this Review, we systematically outline the technological principles underlying precise and targeted genome-modification methods. We also review methods for the delivery of genome-editing reagents in plants and outline emerging crop-breeding strategies based on targeted genome modification. Finally, we consider potential future developments in precise genome-editing technologies, delivery methods and crop-breeding approaches, as well as regulatory policies for genome-editing products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boshu Li
- New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, Center for Genome Editing, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chao Sun
- New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, Center for Genome Editing, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jiayang Li
- Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya, China
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Caixia Gao
- New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, Center for Genome Editing, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
- College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
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Ding Y, Yang N, Lu Y, Xu J, Rana K, Chen Y, Xu Z, Qian W, Wan H. Fusiform nanoparticle boosts efficient genetic transformation in Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. J Nanobiotechnology 2024; 22:494. [PMID: 39160572 PMCID: PMC11334516 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-024-02736-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/21/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sclerotinia sclerotiorum is a highly destructive phytopathogenic fungus that poses a significant threat to a wide array of crops. The current constraints in genetic manipulation techniques impede a thorough comprehension of its pathogenic mechanisms and the development of effective control strategies. RESULTS Herein, we present a highly efficient genetic transformation system for S. sclerotiorum, leveraging the use of fusiform nanoparticles, which are synthesized with FeCl3 and 2,6-diaminopyrimidine (DAP). These nanoparticles, with an average longitude length of 59.00 nm and a positively charged surface, facilitate the direct delivery of exogenous DNA into the mycelial cells of S. sclerotiorum, as well as successful integration with stable expression. Notably, this system circumvents fungal protoplast preparation and tedious recovery processes, streamlining the transformation process considerably. Furthermore, we successfully employed this system to generate S. sclerotiorum strains with silenced oxaloacetate acetylhydrolase-encoding gene Ss-oah1. CONCLUSIONS Our findings demonstrate the feasibility of using nanoparticle-mediated delivery as a rapid and reliable tool for genetic modification in S. sclerotiorum. Given its simplicity and high efficiency, it has the potential to significantly propel genetic research in filamentous fungi, offering new avenues for elucidating the intricacies of pathogenicity and developing innovative disease management strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijuan Ding
- Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (Chongqing) Science City, Chongqing and Southwest University, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Nan Yang
- Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (Chongqing) Science City, Chongqing and Southwest University, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Yi Lu
- School of Materials and Energy, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Jiming Xu
- School of Materials and Energy, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Kusum Rana
- Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (Chongqing) Science City, Chongqing and Southwest University, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Yangui Chen
- Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (Chongqing) Science City, Chongqing and Southwest University, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Zhigang Xu
- School of Materials and Energy, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Wei Qian
- Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (Chongqing) Science City, Chongqing and Southwest University, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, China.
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, China.
| | - Huafang Wan
- Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (Chongqing) Science City, Chongqing and Southwest University, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, China.
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, China.
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Wang T, Zheng Y, Xu C, Deng Y, Hao X, Chu Z, Tian J, Wang Y, Zhang X, Han Z, Wu T. Movement of ACC oxidase 3 mRNA from seeds to flesh promotes fruit ripening in apple. MOLECULAR PLANT 2024; 17:1221-1235. [PMID: 38902921 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2024.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
Xenia, the phenomenon in which the pollen genotype directly affects the phenotypic characteristics of maternal tissues (i.e., fruit ripening), has applications in crop production and breeding. However, the underlying molecular mechanism has yet to be elucidated. Here, we investigated whether mobile mRNAs from the pollen affect the ripening and quality-related characteristics of the fruit using cross-pollination between distinct Malus domestica (apple) cultivars. We demonstrated that hundreds of mobile mRNAs originating from the seeds are delivered to the fruit. We found that the movement of one of these mRNAs, ACC oxidase 3 (MdACO3), is coordinated with fruit ripening. Salicylic acid treatment, which can cause plasmodesmal closure, blocks MdACO3 movement, indicating that MdACO3 transcripts may move through the plasmodesmata. To assess the role of mobile MdACO3 transcripts in apple fruit, we created MdACO3-GFP-expressing apple seeds using MdACO3-GFP-overexpressing pollen for pollination and showed that MdACO3 transcripts in the transgenic seeds move to the flesh, where they promote fruit ripening. Furthermore, we demonstrated that MdACO3 can be transported from the seeds to fruit in the fleshy-fruited species tomato and strawberry. These results underscore the potential of mobile mRNAs from seeds to influence fruit characteristics, providing an explanation for the xenia phenomenon. Notably, our findings highlight the feasibility of leveraging diverse pollen genomic resources, without resorting to genome editing, to improve fruit quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Wang
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Zheng
- Plant Science and Technology College, Bioinformatics Center, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Chen Xu
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yulin Deng
- Plant Science and Technology College, Bioinformatics Center, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Xinyi Hao
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Zicheng Chu
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Ji Tian
- Plant Science and Technology College, Bioinformatics Center, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Wang
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xinzhong Zhang
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenhai Han
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Ting Wu
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.
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Ermolaev A, Mardini M, Buravkov S, Kudryavtseva N, Khrustaleva L. A Simple and User-Friendly Method for High-Quality Preparation of Pollen Grains for Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:2140. [PMID: 39124258 PMCID: PMC11314231 DOI: 10.3390/plants13152140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2024] [Revised: 07/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/31/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
Pollen is becoming an increasingly important subject for molecular researchers in genetic engineering, plant breeding, and environmental monitoring. To broaden the scope of these studies, it is essential to develop accessible methods for scientists who are not specialized in palynology. The article presents a simplified technical procedure for preparing pollen grains for scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The protocol is convenient for any molecular laboratory due to its small set of reagents, ease of execution, low cost, does not require special equipment, and takes only one hour to complete. The high penetrating ability of formaldehyde and the final delicate dehydration using hexamethyldisilazane (HMDS) instead of critical point drying allow for sufficient preservation of the architecture of the aperture, which is considered a gateway for the passage of biomolecules. The method was successfully applied to pollen grains of representatives of dicotyledons (beetroot, petunia, radish, tomato and tobacco) and monocotyledons (lily, onion, corn, rye and wheat). Species studied included insect-pollinated (entomophilous) and wind-pollinated (anemophilous) species. A comparative analysis of the sizes of fresh living pollen grains under a light microscope and those prepared for SEM showed some shrinkage. Quantitative analysis of the degree of pollen grain shrinkage showed that this process depends on the initial shape of dry pollen grains, and the number and structure of apertures. The results support the theoretical model of the folding/unfolding pathways of pollen grains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksey Ermolaev
- Center of Molecular Biotechnology, Russian State Agrarian University—Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy, 49 Timiryazevskaya Str., Moscow 127550, Russia; (A.E.); (M.M.); (N.K.)
- All-Russian Research Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, 42 Timiryazevskaya Str., Moscow 127550, Russia
| | - Majd Mardini
- Center of Molecular Biotechnology, Russian State Agrarian University—Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy, 49 Timiryazevskaya Str., Moscow 127550, Russia; (A.E.); (M.M.); (N.K.)
- All-Russian Research Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, 42 Timiryazevskaya Str., Moscow 127550, Russia
| | - Sergey Buravkov
- Faculty of Fundamental Medicine, M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia;
- Institute for Biomedical Problems, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 123007, Russia
| | - Natalya Kudryavtseva
- Center of Molecular Biotechnology, Russian State Agrarian University—Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy, 49 Timiryazevskaya Str., Moscow 127550, Russia; (A.E.); (M.M.); (N.K.)
- All-Russian Research Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, 42 Timiryazevskaya Str., Moscow 127550, Russia
| | - Ludmila Khrustaleva
- Center of Molecular Biotechnology, Russian State Agrarian University—Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy, 49 Timiryazevskaya Str., Moscow 127550, Russia; (A.E.); (M.M.); (N.K.)
- All-Russian Research Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, 42 Timiryazevskaya Str., Moscow 127550, Russia
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Bélanger JG, Copley TR, Hoyos-Villegas V, Charron JB, O'Donoughue L. A comprehensive review of in planta stable transformation strategies. PLANT METHODS 2024; 20:79. [PMID: 38822403 PMCID: PMC11140912 DOI: 10.1186/s13007-024-01200-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
Plant transformation remains a major bottleneck to the improvement of plant science, both on fundamental and practical levels. The recalcitrant nature of most commercial and minor crops to genetic transformation slows scientific progress for a large range of crops that are essential for food security on a global scale. Over the years, novel stable transformation strategies loosely grouped under the term "in planta" have been proposed and validated in a large number of model (e.g. Arabidopsis and rice), major (e.g. wheat and soybean) and minor (e.g. chickpea and lablab bean) species. The in planta approach is revolutionary as it is considered genotype-independent, technically simple (i.e. devoid of or with minimal tissue culture steps), affordable, and easy to implement in a broad range of experimental settings. In this article, we reviewed and categorized over 300 research articles, patents, theses, and videos demonstrating the applicability of different in planta transformation strategies in 105 different genera across 139 plant species. To support this review process, we propose a classification system for the in planta techniques based on five categories and a new nomenclature for more than 30 different in planta techniques. In complement to this, we clarified some grey areas regarding the in planta conceptual framework and provided insights regarding the past, current, and future scientific impacts of these techniques. To support the diffusion of this concept across the community, this review article will serve as an introductory point for an online compendium about in planta transformation strategies that will be available to all scientists. By expanding our knowledge about in planta transformation, we can find innovative approaches to unlock the full potential of plants, support the growth of scientific knowledge, and stimulate an equitable development of plant research in all countries and institutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jérôme Gélinas Bélanger
- Centre de recherche sur les grains (CÉROM) Inc., 740 Chemin Trudeau, St-Mathieu-de-Beloeil, Québec, J3G 0E2, Canada.
- Department of Plant Science, McGill University, 21111 Lakeshore Road, St-Mathieu-de-Beloeil, Montréal, Québec, H9X 3V9, Canada.
| | - Tanya Rose Copley
- Centre de recherche sur les grains (CÉROM) Inc., 740 Chemin Trudeau, St-Mathieu-de-Beloeil, Québec, J3G 0E2, Canada
| | - Valerio Hoyos-Villegas
- Department of Plant Science, McGill University, 21111 Lakeshore Road, St-Mathieu-de-Beloeil, Montréal, Québec, H9X 3V9, Canada
| | - Jean-Benoit Charron
- Department of Plant Science, McGill University, 21111 Lakeshore Road, St-Mathieu-de-Beloeil, Montréal, Québec, H9X 3V9, Canada
| | - Louise O'Donoughue
- Centre de recherche sur les grains (CÉROM) Inc., 740 Chemin Trudeau, St-Mathieu-de-Beloeil, Québec, J3G 0E2, Canada.
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Ahmar S, Hensel G, Gruszka D. CRISPR/Cas9-mediated genome editing techniques and new breeding strategies in cereals - current status, improvements, and perspectives. Biotechnol Adv 2023; 69:108248. [PMID: 37666372 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2023.108248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
Cereal crops, including triticeae species (barley, wheat, rye), as well as edible cereals (wheat, corn, rice, oat, rye, sorghum), are significant suppliers for human consumption, livestock feed, and breweries. Over the past half-century, modern varieties of cereal crops with increased yields have contributed to global food security. However, presently cultivated elite crop varieties were developed mainly for optimal environmental conditions. Thus, it has become evident that taking into account the ongoing climate changes, currently a priority should be given to developing new stress-tolerant cereal cultivars. It is necessary to enhance the accuracy of methods and time required to generate new cereal cultivars with the desired features to adapt to climate change and keep up with the world population expansion. The CRISPR/Cas9 system has been developed as a powerful and versatile genome editing tool to achieve desirable traits, such as developing high-yielding, stress-tolerant, and disease-resistant transgene-free lines in major cereals. Despite recent advances, the CRISPR/Cas9 application in cereals faces several challenges, including a significant amount of time required to develop transgene-free lines, laboriousness, and a limited number of genotypes that may be used for the transformation and in vitro regeneration. Additionally, developing elite lines through genome editing has been restricted in many countries, especially Europe and New Zealand, due to a lack of flexibility in GMO regulations. This review provides a comprehensive update to researchers interested in improving cereals using gene-editing technologies, such as CRISPR/Cas9. We will review some critical and recent studies on crop improvements and their contributing factors to superior cereals through gene-editing technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunny Ahmar
- Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Goetz Hensel
- Centre for Plant Genome Engineering, Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Heinrich-Heine-University, Duesseldorf, Germany; Centre of Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Czech Advanced Technology and Research Institute, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Damian Gruszka
- Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland.
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7
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Zhang M, Ma X, Jin G, Han D, Xue J, Du Y, Chen X, Yang F, Zhao C, Zhang X. A Modified Method for Transient Transformation via Pollen Magnetofection in Lilium Germplasm. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15304. [PMID: 37894985 PMCID: PMC10607007 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242015304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Lily (Lilium spp.) is a popular ornamental plant. Traditional genetic transformation methods have low efficiency in lily, thus development of a high-efficiency genetic transformation system is important. In this study, a novel transient transformation method involving pollen magnetofection was established and optimized pollen viability, and exogenous gene expression in magnetofected pollen and that of different germplasm were assessed. The highest germination percentage of Lilium regale pollen was 85.73% in medium containing 100 g/L sucrose, 61.5 mg/L H3BO3, and 91.5 mg/L CaCl2. A 1:4 ratio of nanomagnetic beads to DNA plasmid and transformation time of 0.5 h realized the highest transformation efficiency (88.32%). The GFP activity in transformed pollen averaged 69.66%, while that of the control pollen was 0.00%. In contrast to the control, transgenic seedlings obtained by pollination with magnetofected pollen showed strong positive GUS activity with 56.34% transformation efficiency. Among the lily germplasm tested, 'Sweet Surrender' and L. leucanthum had the highest transformation efficiency (85.80% and 54.47%), whereas L. davidii var. willmottiae was not successfully transformed. Transformation efficiency was positively correlated with pollen equatorial diameter and negatively correlated with polar axis/equatorial diameter ratio. The results suggest that pollen magnetofection-mediated transformation can be applied in Lilium but might have species or cultivar specificity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingfang Zhang
- Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture (North China), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100097, China
| | - Xu Ma
- College of Forestry and Grassland Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Ge Jin
- College of Forestry and Grassland Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Dongyang Han
- College of Forestry and Grassland Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Jing Xue
- Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture (North China), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100097, China
| | - Yunpeng Du
- Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture (North China), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100097, China
| | - Xuqing Chen
- Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture (North China), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100097, China
| | - Fengping Yang
- Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture (North China), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100097, China
| | - Chunli Zhao
- College of Forestry and Grassland Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Xiuhai Zhang
- Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture (North China), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100097, China
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Tsakirpaloglou N, Septiningsih EM, Thomson MJ. Guidelines for Performing CRISPR/Cas9 Genome Editing for Gene Validation and Trait Improvement in Crops. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:3564. [PMID: 37896028 PMCID: PMC10610170 DOI: 10.3390/plants12203564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
With the rapid advances in plant genome editing techniques over the past 10 years, more efficient and powerful crop genome editing applications are now possible. Candidate genes for key traits can be validated using CRISPR/Cas9-based knockouts and through the up- and down-regulation of gene expression. Likewise, new trait improvement approaches can take advantage of targeted editing to improve stress tolerance, disease resistance, and nutritional traits. However, several key steps in the process can prove tricky for researchers who might be new to plant genome editing. Here, we present step-by-step guidelines and best practices for a crop genome editing pipeline that should help to improve the rate of success. Important factors in the process include proper target sequence analysis and single guide RNA (sgRNA) design, sequencing of the target site in the genotypes of interest, performing an in vitro CRISPR/Cas9 ribonucleoprotein (RNP) assay to validate the designed sgRNAs, preparing the transformation constructs, considering a protoplast editing step as further validation, and, finally, stable plant transformation and mutation detection by Sanger and/or next-generation sequencing. With these detailed guidelines, a new user should be able to quickly set up a genome editing pipeline in their crop of interest and start making progress with the different CRISPR/Cas-based editing variants for gene validation and trait improvement purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Michael J. Thomson
- Department of Soil and Crop Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA; (N.T.); (E.M.S.)
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Gao L, Kantar MB, Moxley D, Ortiz-Barrientos D, Rieseberg LH. Crop adaptation to climate change: An evolutionary perspective. MOLECULAR PLANT 2023; 16:1518-1546. [PMID: 37515323 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2023.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
The disciplines of evolutionary biology and plant and animal breeding have been intertwined throughout their development, with responses to artificial selection yielding insights into the action of natural selection and evolutionary biology providing statistical and conceptual guidance for modern breeding. Here we offer an evolutionary perspective on a grand challenge of the 21st century: feeding humanity in the face of climate change. We first highlight promising strategies currently under way to adapt crops to current and future climate change. These include methods to match crop varieties with current and predicted environments and to optimize breeding goals, management practices, and crop microbiomes to enhance yield and sustainable production. We also describe the promise of crop wild relatives and recent technological innovations such as speed breeding, genomic selection, and genome editing for improving environmental resilience of existing crop varieties or for developing new crops. Next, we discuss how methods and theory from evolutionary biology can enhance these existing strategies and suggest novel approaches. We focus initially on methods for reconstructing the evolutionary history of crops and their pests and symbionts, because such historical information provides an overall framework for crop-improvement efforts. We then describe how evolutionary approaches can be used to detect and mitigate the accumulation of deleterious mutations in crop genomes, identify alleles and mutations that underlie adaptation (and maladaptation) to agricultural environments, mitigate evolutionary trade-offs, and improve critical proteins. Continuing feedback between the evolution and crop biology communities will ensure optimal design of strategies for adapting crops to climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lexuan Gao
- CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Michael B Kantar
- Department of Tropical Plant & Soil Sciences, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Dylan Moxley
- Department of Botany and Biodiversity Research Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Daniel Ortiz-Barrientos
- School of Biological Sciences and Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Plant Success in Nature and Agriculture, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Loren H Rieseberg
- Department of Botany and Biodiversity Research Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
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10
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Wu K, Xu C, Li T, Ma H, Gong J, Li X, Sun X, Hu X. Application of Nanotechnology in Plant Genetic Engineering. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14836. [PMID: 37834283 PMCID: PMC10573821 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The ever-increasing food requirement with globally growing population demands advanced agricultural practices to improve grain yield, to gain crop resilience under unpredictable extreme weather, and to reduce production loss caused by insects and pathogens. To fulfill such requests, genome engineering technology has been applied to various plant species. To date, several generations of genome engineering methods have been developed. Among these methods, the new mainstream technology is clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) with nucleases. One of the most important processes in genome engineering is to deliver gene cassettes into plant cells. Conventionally used systems have several shortcomings, such as being labor- and time-consuming procedures, potential tissue damage, and low transformation efficiency. Taking advantage of nanotechnology, the nanoparticle-mediated gene delivery method presents technical superiority over conventional approaches due to its high efficiency and adaptability in different plant species. In this review, we summarize the evolution of plant biomolecular delivery methods and discussed their characteristics as well as limitations. We focused on the cutting-edge nanotechnology-based delivery system, and reviewed different types of nanoparticles, preparation of nanomaterials, mechanism of nanoparticle transport, and advanced application in plant genome engineering. On the basis of established methods, we concluded that the combination of genome editing, nanoparticle-mediated gene transformation and de novo regeneration technologies can accelerate crop improvement efficiently in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kexin Wu
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Efficient and Green Production of Agriculture in Mountainous Areas of Zhejiang Province, College of Horticulture Science, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
- Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control for Subtropical Fruit and Vegetable, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Changbin Xu
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Efficient and Green Production of Agriculture in Mountainous Areas of Zhejiang Province, College of Horticulture Science, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
- Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control for Subtropical Fruit and Vegetable, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Tong Li
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Efficient and Green Production of Agriculture in Mountainous Areas of Zhejiang Province, College of Horticulture Science, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
- Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control for Subtropical Fruit and Vegetable, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Haijie Ma
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Efficient and Green Production of Agriculture in Mountainous Areas of Zhejiang Province, College of Horticulture Science, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
- Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control for Subtropical Fruit and Vegetable, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Jinli Gong
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Efficient and Green Production of Agriculture in Mountainous Areas of Zhejiang Province, College of Horticulture Science, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
- Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control for Subtropical Fruit and Vegetable, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Xiaolong Li
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Efficient and Green Production of Agriculture in Mountainous Areas of Zhejiang Province, College of Horticulture Science, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
- Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control for Subtropical Fruit and Vegetable, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Xuepeng Sun
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Efficient and Green Production of Agriculture in Mountainous Areas of Zhejiang Province, College of Horticulture Science, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
- Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control for Subtropical Fruit and Vegetable, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Xiaoli Hu
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Efficient and Green Production of Agriculture in Mountainous Areas of Zhejiang Province, College of Horticulture Science, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
- Key Laboratory of Quality and Safety Control for Subtropical Fruit and Vegetable, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hangzhou 311300, China
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Singh Y, Kumar U, Panigrahi S, Balyan P, Mehla S, Sihag P, Sagwal V, Singh KP, White JC, Dhankher OP. Nanoparticles as novel elicitors in plant tissue culture applications: Current status and future outlook. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2023; 203:108004. [PMID: 37714027 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.108004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023]
Abstract
Plant tissue culture is the primary, fundamental, and applied aspect of plant biology. It is an indispensable and valuable technique for investigating morphogenesis, embryogenesis, clonal propagation, crop improvements, generation of pathogen-free plants, gene transfer and expression, and the production of secondary metabolites. The extensive use of various nanoparticles (NPs) in fields such as cosmetics, energy, medicine, pharmaceuticals, electronics, agriculture, and biotechnology have demonstrated positive impacts in microbial decontamination, callus differentiation, organogenesis, somatic variations, biotransformation, cryopreservation, and enhanced synthesis of bioactive compounds. This review summarizes the current state of knowledge with regard to the use of nanoparticles in plant tissue culture, with a particular focus on the beneficial outcomes. The positive (beneficial) and negative (toxic) effects of engineered NPs in tissue culture medium, delivery of transgenes, NPs toxicity concerns, safety issues, and potential hazards arising from utilization of nanomaterials in agriculture through plant tissue culture are discussed in detail, along with the future prospects for these applications. In addition, the potential use of novel nanomaterials such as graphene, graphite, dendrimers, quantum dots, and carbon nanotubes as well as unique metal or metalloid NPs are proposed. Further, the potential mechanisms underlying NPs elicitation of tissue culture response in different applications are critically evaluated. The potential of these approaches in plant nanobiotechnology is only now becoming understood and it is clear that the role of these strategies in sustainably increasing crop production to combat global food security and safety in a changing climate will be significant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yogita Singh
- Department of Molecular Biology & Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, 125004, India
| | - Upendra Kumar
- Department of Molecular Biology & Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, 125004, India; Department of Plant Science, Mahatma Jyotiba Phule Rohilkhand University, Bareilly, 243001, India.
| | - Sourav Panigrahi
- Department of Molecular Biology & Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, 125004, India
| | - Priyanka Balyan
- Department of Botany, Deva Nagri P.G. College, CCS University, Meerut, 245206, India
| | - Sheetal Mehla
- Department of Molecular Biology & Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, 125004, India
| | - Pooja Sihag
- Department of Molecular Biology & Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, 125004, India
| | - Vijeta Sagwal
- Department of Molecular Biology & Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, 125004, India
| | - Krishna Pal Singh
- Biophysics Unit, College of Basic Sciences & Humanities, GB Pant University of Agriculture & Technology, Pantnagar, 263145, India; Vice-Chancellor's Secretariat, Mahatma Jyotiba Phule Rohilkhand University, Bareilly, 243001, India
| | - Jason C White
- The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
| | - Om Parkash Dhankher
- Stockbridge School of Agriculture, University of Massachusetts Amherst, MA, 01003, USA.
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12
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Yan T, Hou Q, Wei X, Qi Y, Pu A, Wu S, An X, Wan X. Promoting genotype-independent plant transformation by manipulating developmental regulatory genes and/or using nanoparticles. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2023; 42:1395-1417. [PMID: 37311877 PMCID: PMC10447291 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-023-03037-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE This review summarizes the molecular basis and emerging applications of developmental regulatory genes and nanoparticles in plant transformation and discusses strategies to overcome the obstacles of genotype dependency in plant transformation. Plant transformation is an important tool for plant research and biotechnology-based crop breeding. However, Plant transformation and regeneration are highly dependent on species and genotype. Plant regeneration is a process of generating a complete individual plant from a single somatic cell, which involves somatic embryogenesis, root and shoot organogeneses. Over the past 40 years, significant advances have been made in understanding molecular mechanisms of embryogenesis and organogenesis, revealing many developmental regulatory genes critical for plant regeneration. Recent studies showed that manipulating some developmental regulatory genes promotes the genotype-independent transformation of several plant species. Besides, nanoparticles penetrate plant cell wall without external forces and protect cargoes from degradation, making them promising materials for exogenous biomolecule delivery. In addition, manipulation of developmental regulatory genes or application of nanoparticles could also bypass the tissue culture process, paving the way for efficient plant transformation. Applications of developmental regulatory genes and nanoparticles are emerging in the genetic transformation of different plant species. In this article, we review the molecular basis and applications of developmental regulatory genes and nanoparticles in plant transformation and discuss how to further promote genotype-independent plant transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingwei Yan
- Research Institute of Biology and Agriculture, Shunde Innovation School, School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Quancan Hou
- Research Institute of Biology and Agriculture, Shunde Innovation School, School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
- Zhongzhi International Institute of Agricultural Biosciences, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Xun Wei
- Research Institute of Biology and Agriculture, Shunde Innovation School, School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
- Zhongzhi International Institute of Agricultural Biosciences, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Yuchen Qi
- Research Institute of Biology and Agriculture, Shunde Innovation School, School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Aqing Pu
- Research Institute of Biology and Agriculture, Shunde Innovation School, School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Suowei Wu
- Research Institute of Biology and Agriculture, Shunde Innovation School, School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
- Zhongzhi International Institute of Agricultural Biosciences, Beijing, 100083, China
- Beijing Engineering Laboratory of Main Crop Bio-Tech Breeding, Beijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Bio-Tech Breeding, Beijing Solidwill Sci-Tech Co. Ltd., Beijing, 100192, China
| | - Xueli An
- Research Institute of Biology and Agriculture, Shunde Innovation School, School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
- Zhongzhi International Institute of Agricultural Biosciences, Beijing, 100083, China
- Beijing Engineering Laboratory of Main Crop Bio-Tech Breeding, Beijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Bio-Tech Breeding, Beijing Solidwill Sci-Tech Co. Ltd., Beijing, 100192, China
| | - Xiangyuan Wan
- Research Institute of Biology and Agriculture, Shunde Innovation School, School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China.
- Zhongzhi International Institute of Agricultural Biosciences, Beijing, 100083, China.
- Beijing Engineering Laboratory of Main Crop Bio-Tech Breeding, Beijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Bio-Tech Breeding, Beijing Solidwill Sci-Tech Co. Ltd., Beijing, 100192, China.
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13
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Kocsisova Z, Coneva V. Strategies for delivery of CRISPR/Cas-mediated genome editing to obtain edited plants directly without transgene integration. Front Genome Ed 2023; 5:1209586. [PMID: 37545761 PMCID: PMC10398581 DOI: 10.3389/fgeed.2023.1209586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Increased understanding of plant genetics and the development of powerful and easier-to-use gene editing tools over the past century have revolutionized humankind's ability to deliver precise genotypes in crops. Plant transformation techniques are well developed for making transgenic varieties in certain crops and model organisms, yet reagent delivery and plant regeneration remain key bottlenecks to applying the technology of gene editing to most crops. Typical plant transformation protocols to produce transgenic, genetically modified (GM) varieties rely on transgenes, chemical selection, and tissue culture. Typical protocols to make gene edited (GE) varieties also use transgenes, even though these may be undesirable in the final crop product. In some crops, the transgenes are routinely segregated away during meiosis by performing crosses, and thus only a minor concern. In other crops, particularly those propagated vegetatively, complex hybrids, or crops with long generation times, such crosses are impractical or impossible. This review highlights diverse strategies to deliver CRISPR/Cas gene editing reagents to regenerable plant cells and to recover edited plants without unwanted integration of transgenes. Some examples include delivering DNA-free gene editing reagents such as ribonucleoproteins or mRNA, relying on reagent expression from non-integrated DNA, using novel delivery mechanisms such as viruses or nanoparticles, using unconventional selection methods to avoid integration of transgenes, and/or avoiding tissue culture altogether. These methods are advancing rapidly and already enabling crop scientists to make use of the precision of CRISPR gene editing tools.
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14
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Su W, Xu M, Radani Y, Yang L. Technological Development and Application of Plant Genetic Transformation. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10646. [PMID: 37445824 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241310646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Genetic transformation is an important strategy for enhancing plant biomass or resistance in response to adverse environments and population growth by imparting desirable genetic characteristics. Research on plant genetic transformation technology can promote the functional analysis of plant genes, the utilization of excellent traits, and precise breeding. Various technologies of genetic transformation have been continuously discovered and developed for convenient manipulation and high efficiency, mainly involving the delivery of exogenous genes and regeneration of transformed plants. Here, currently developed genetic transformation technologies were expounded and compared. Agrobacterium-mediated gene delivery methods are commonly used as direct genetic transformation, as well as external force-mediated ways such as particle bombardment, electroporation, silicon carbide whiskers, and pollen tubes as indirect ones. The regeneration of transformed plants usually involves the de novo organogenesis or somatic embryogenesis pathway of the explants. Ectopic expression of morphogenetic transcription factors (Bbm, Wus2, and GRF-GIF) can significantly improve plant regeneration efficiency and enable the transformation of some hard-to-transform plant genotypes. Meanwhile, some limitations in these gene transfer methods were compared including genotype dependence, low transformation efficiency, and plant tissue damage, and recently developed flexible approaches for plant genotype transformation are discussed regarding how gene delivery and regeneration strategies can be optimized to overcome species and genotype dependence. This review summarizes the principles of various techniques for plant genetic transformation and discusses their application scope and limiting factors, which can provide a reference for plant transgenic breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenbin Su
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Mingyue Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Yasmina Radani
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Liming Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
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Zhang H, Li X, Yu D, Guan J, Ding H, Wu H, Wang Q, Wan Y. A vector-free gene interference system using delaminated Mg-Al-lactate layered double hydroxide nanosheets as molecular carriers to intact plant cells. PLANT METHODS 2023; 19:44. [PMID: 37158914 PMCID: PMC10165820 DOI: 10.1186/s13007-023-01021-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Mg-Al-lactate layered double hydroxide nanosheet (LDH-NS) has shown great potential as an optimal nanocarrier for extensive use in plants. However, previous studies in plant sciences have not provided a clear description of the application for the LDH-NSs-based double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) delivery (LDH-dsRNA) system in different tissues of both model and non-model species. RESULTS LDH-NSs were synthesized by using the co-precipitation method, while the dsRNAs targeting genes of interest were prepared in vitro using T7 RNA polymerase. The LDH-dsRNA bioconjugates with a neutral charge were produced by incubating with the mass ratio of LDH-NSs to dsRNA at 3:1, which were then introduced into intact plant cells using three different approaches, including injection, spray, and soak. The LDH-dsRNA delivery method was optimized by inhibiting the expression of the Arabidopsis thaliana ACTIN2 gene. As a result, soaking A. thaliana seedlings in a medium containing LDH-dsRNA for 30 min led to the silencing of 80% of the target genes. The stability and effectiveness of the LDH-dsRNA system were further confirmed by the high-efficiency knockdown of plant tissue-specific genes, including that encoding phytoene desaturase (PDS), WUSCHEL (WUS), WUSCHEL-related homeobox 5 (WOX5), and ROOT HAIR DEFECTIVE 6 (RHD6). In addition, the LDH-dsRNA system was employed in cassava, where it was found that the expression of the gene encoding nucleotide-binding site and leucine-rich repeat (NBS-LRR) was significantly reduced. As a result, the resistance of cassava leaves to pathogens was weakened. Noteworthy, the injection of LDH-dsRNA into leaves resulted in a significant downregulation of target genes in both stems and flowers, indicating the successful transport of LDH-dsRNA from leaves to other parts of plants. CONCLUSIONS LDH-NSs have proven to be a highly effective molecular tool for delivering dsRNA into intact plant cells, enabling accurate control of target gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Zhang
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources, College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management On Tropical Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Environment and Plant Protection Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, 571101, China
| | - Xinyu Li
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources, College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Dong Yu
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources, College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Junqi Guan
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources, College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Hao Ding
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources, College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Hongyang Wu
- Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, 35 Qinghua East Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Yinglang Wan
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources, College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China.
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16
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Ge X, Xu J, Yang Z, Yang X, Wang Y, Chen Y, Wang P, Li F. Efficient genotype-independent cotton genetic transformation and genome editing. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 65:907-917. [PMID: 36478145 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.13427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Cotton (Gossypium spp.) is one of the most important fiber crops worldwide. In the last two decades, transgenesis and genome editing have played important roles in cotton improvement. However, genotype dependence is one of the key bottlenecks in generating transgenic and gene-edited cotton plants through either particle bombardment or Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. Here, we developed a shoot apical meristem (SAM) cell-mediated transformation system (SAMT) that allowed the transformation of recalcitrant cotton genotypes including widely grown upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum), Sea island cotton (Gossypium barbadense), and Asiatic cotton (Gossypium arboreum). Through SAMT, we successfully introduced two foreign genes, GFP and RUBY, into SAM cells of some recalcitrant cotton genotypes. Within 2-3 months, transgenic adventitious shoots generated from the axillary meristem zone could be recovered and grown into whole cotton plants. The GFP fluorescent signal and betalain accumulation could be observed in various tissues in GFP- and RUBY-positive plants, as well as in their progenies, indicating that the transgenes were stably integrated into the genome and transmitted to the next generation. Furthermore, using SAMT, we successfully generated edited cotton plants with inheritable targeted mutagenesis in the GhPGF and GhRCD1 genes through CRISPR/Cas9-mediated genome editing. In summary, the established SAMT transformation system here in this study bypasses the embryogenesis process during tissue culture in a conventional transformation procedure and significantly accelerates the generation of transgenic and gene-edited plants for genetic improvement of recalcitrant cotton varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyang Ge
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, 455000, China
- Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya, 572024, China
| | - Jieting Xu
- WIMI Biotechnology Co. Ltd, Changzhou, 213000, China
| | - Zhaoen Yang
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, 455000, China
| | - Xiaofeng Yang
- WIMI Biotechnology Co. Ltd, Changzhou, 213000, China
| | - Ye Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, 455000, China
| | - Yanli Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, 455000, China
| | - Peng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, 455000, China
| | - Fuguang Li
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, 455000, China
- Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya, 572024, China
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17
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Zhao H, Chen Y, Liu J, Wang Z, Li F, Ge X. Recent advances and future perspectives in early-maturing cotton research. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2023; 237:1100-1114. [PMID: 36352520 DOI: 10.1111/nph.18611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Cotton's fundamental requirements for long periods of growth and specific seasonal temperatures limit the global arable areas that can be utilized to cultivate cotton. This constraint can be alleviated by breeding for early-maturing varieties. By delaying the sowing dates without impacting the boll-opening time, early-maturing varieties not only mitigate the yield losses brought on by unfavorable weathers in early spring and late autumn but also help reducing the competition between cotton and other crops for arable land, thereby optimizing the cropping system. This review presents studies and breeding efforts for early-maturing cotton, which efficiently pyramid early maturity, high-quality, multiresistance traits, and suitable plant architecture by leveraging pleiotropic genes. Attempts are also made to summarize our current understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying early maturation, which involves many pathways such as epigenetic, circadian clock, and hormone signaling pathways. Moreover, new avenues and effective measures are proposed for fine-scale breeding of early-maturing crops to ensure the healthy development of the agricultural industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, 455000, China
- College of Life Sciences, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, 273165, China
| | - Yanli Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, 455000, China
| | - Ji Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, 455000, China
- Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Lab, Sanya, 572000, Hainan, China
| | - Zhi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, 455000, China
- Sanya Institute, Zhengzhou University, Sanya, 572000, Hainan, China
| | - Fuguang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, 455000, China
- Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Lab, Sanya, 572000, Hainan, China
| | - Xiaoyang Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, 455000, China
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18
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Ma Z, Ma L, Zhou J. Applications of CRISPR/Cas genome editing in economically important fruit crops: recent advances and future directions. MOLECULAR HORTICULTURE 2023; 3:1. [PMID: 37789479 PMCID: PMC10515014 DOI: 10.1186/s43897-023-00049-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
Fruit crops, consist of climacteric and non-climacteric fruits, are the major sources of nutrients and fiber for human diet. Since 2013, CRISPR/Cas (Clustered Regularly Interspersed Short Palindromic Repeats and CRISPR-Associated Protein) genome editing system has been widely employed in different plants, leading to unprecedented progress in the genetic improvement of many agronomically important fruit crops. Here, we summarize latest advancements in CRISPR/Cas genome editing of fruit crops, including efforts to decipher the mechanisms behind plant development and plant immunity, We also highlight the potential challenges and improvements in the application of genome editing tools to fruit crops, including optimizing the expression of CRISPR/Cas cassette, improving the delivery efficiency of CRISPR/Cas reagents, increasing the specificity of genome editing, and optimizing the transformation and regeneration system. In addition, we propose the perspectives on the application of genome editing in crop breeding especially in fruit crops and highlight the potential challenges. It is worth noting that efforts to manipulate fruit crops with genome editing systems are urgently needed for fruit crops breeding and demonstration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhimin Ma
- Peking University Institute of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Weifang, 261000, Shandong, China
| | - Lijing Ma
- Peking University Institute of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Weifang, 261000, Shandong, China
| | - Junhui Zhou
- Peking University Institute of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Weifang, 261000, Shandong, China.
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Chen Z, Debernardi JM, Dubcovsky J, Gallavotti A. Recent advances in crop transformation technologies. NATURE PLANTS 2022; 8:1343-1351. [PMID: 36522447 DOI: 10.1038/s41477-022-01295-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/30/2022] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Agriculture is experiencing a technological inflection point in its history, while also facing unprecedented challenges posed by human population growth and global climate changes. Key advancements in precise genome editing and new methods for rapid generation of bioengineered crops promise to both revolutionize the speed and breadth of breeding programmes and increase our ability to feed and sustain human population growth. Although genome editing enables targeted and specific modifications of DNA sequences, several existing barriers prevent the widespread adoption of editing technologies for basic and applied research in established and emerging crop species. Inefficient methods for the transformation and regeneration of recalcitrant species and the genotype dependency of the transformation process remain major hurdles. These limitations are frequent in monocotyledonous crops, which alone provide most of the calories consumed by human populations. Somatic embryogenesis and de novo induction of meristems - pluripotent groups of stem cells responsible for plant developmental plasticity - are essential strategies to quickly generate transformed plants. Here we review recent discoveries that are rapidly advancing nuclear transformation technologies and promise to overcome the obstacles that have so far impeded the widespread adoption of genome editing in crop species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zongliang Chen
- Waksman Institute of Microbiology, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Juan M Debernardi
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD, USA
| | - Jorge Dubcovsky
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD, USA
| | - Andrea Gallavotti
- Waksman Institute of Microbiology, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, USA.
- Department of Plant Biology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA.
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20
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Wu H, Li Z. Nano-enabled agriculture: How do nanoparticles cross barriers in plants? PLANT COMMUNICATIONS 2022; 3:100346. [PMID: 35689377 PMCID: PMC9700125 DOI: 10.1016/j.xplc.2022.100346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Nano-enabled agriculture is a topic of intense research interest. However, our knowledge of how nanoparticles enter plants, plant cells, and organelles is still insufficient. Here, we discuss the barriers that limit the efficient delivery of nanoparticles at the whole-plant and single-cell levels. Some commonly overlooked factors, such as light conditions and surface tension of applied nano-formulations, are discussed. Knowledge gaps regarding plant cell uptake of nanoparticles, such as the effect of electrochemical gradients across organelle membranes on nanoparticle delivery, are analyzed and discussed. The importance of controlling factors such as size, charge, stability, and dispersibility when properly designing nanomaterials for plants is outlined. We mainly focus on understanding how nanoparticles travel across barriers in plants and plant cells and the major factors that limit the efficient delivery of nanoparticles, promoting a better understanding of nanoparticle-plant interactions. We also provide suggestions on the design of nanomaterials for nano-enabled agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Honghong Wu
- MOA Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan 430070, China; College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Zhaohu Li
- MOA Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan 430070, China; College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China.
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Rustgi S, Naveed S, Windham J, Zhang H, Demirer GS. Plant biomacromolecule delivery methods in the 21st century. Front Genome Ed 2022; 4:1011934. [PMID: 36311974 PMCID: PMC9614364 DOI: 10.3389/fgeed.2022.1011934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The 21st century witnessed a boom in plant genomics and gene characterization studies through RNA interference and site-directed mutagenesis. Specifically, the last 15 years marked a rapid increase in discovering and implementing different genome editing techniques. Methods to deliver gene editing reagents have also attempted to keep pace with the discovery and implementation of gene editing tools in plants. As a result, various transient/stable, quick/lengthy, expensive (requiring specialized equipment)/inexpensive, and versatile/specific (species, developmental stage, or tissue) methods were developed. A brief account of these methods with emphasis on recent developments is provided in this review article. Additionally, the strengths and limitations of each method are listed to allow the reader to select the most appropriate method for their specific studies. Finally, a perspective for future developments and needs in this research area is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sachin Rustgi
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, School of Health Research, Clemson University Pee Dee Research and Education Center, Florence, SC, United States
| | - Salman Naveed
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, School of Health Research, Clemson University Pee Dee Research and Education Center, Florence, SC, United States
| | - Jonathan Windham
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, School of Health Research, Clemson University Pee Dee Research and Education Center, Florence, SC, United States
| | - Huan Zhang
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Gözde S. Demirer
- Department of Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, United States
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Liu H, Chen W, Li Y, Sun L, Chai Y, Chen H, Nie H, Huang C. CRISPR/Cas9 Technology and Its Utility for Crop Improvement. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:10442. [PMID: 36142353 PMCID: PMC9499353 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231810442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The rapid growth of the global population has resulted in a considerable increase in the demand for food crops. However, traditional crop breeding methods will not be able to satisfy the worldwide demand for food in the future. New gene-editing technologies, the most widely used of which is CRISPR/Cas9, may enable the rapid improvement of crop traits. Specifically, CRISPR/Cas9 genome-editing technology involves the use of a guide RNA and a Cas9 protein that can cleave the genome at specific loci. Due to its simplicity and efficiency, the CRISPR/Cas9 system has rapidly become the most widely used tool for editing animal and plant genomes. It is ideal for modifying the traits of many plants, including food crops, and for creating new germplasm materials. In this review, the development of the CRISPR/Cas9 system, the underlying mechanism, and examples of its use for editing genes in important crops are discussed. Furthermore, certain limitations of the CRISPR/Cas9 system and potential solutions are described. This article will provide researchers with important information regarding the use of CRISPR/Cas9 gene-editing technology for crop improvement, plant breeding, and gene functional analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Liu
- Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
| | - Wendan Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Forest Food Processing and Safety, Department of Food Science and Engineering, College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yushu Li
- Beijing Vocational College of Agriculture, Beijing 100097, China
| | - Lei Sun
- Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
| | - Yuhong Chai
- Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
| | - Haixia Chen
- Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
| | - Haochen Nie
- Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
| | - Conglin Huang
- Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China
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Zhi H, Zhou S, Pan W, Shang Y, Zeng Z, Zhang H. The Promising Nanovectors for Gene Delivery in Plant Genome Engineering. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23158501. [PMID: 35955636 PMCID: PMC9368765 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Revised: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Highly efficient gene delivery systems are essential for genetic engineering in plants. Traditional delivery methods have been widely used, such as Agrobacterium-mediated transformation, polyethylene glycol (PEG)-mediated delivery, biolistic particle bombardment, and viral transfection. However, genotype dependence and other drawbacks of these techniques limit the application of genetic engineering, particularly genome editing in many crop plants. There is a great need to develop newer gene delivery vectors or methods. Recently, nanomaterials such as mesoporous silica particles (MSNs), AuNPs, carbon nanotubes (CNTs), and layer double hydroxides (LDHs), have emerged as promising vectors for the delivery of genome engineering tools (DNA, RNA, proteins, and RNPs) to plants in a species-independent manner with high efficiency. Some exciting results have been reported, such as the successful delivery of cargo genes into plants and the generation of genome stable transgenic cotton and maize plants, which have provided some new routines for genome engineering in plants. Thus, in this review, we summarized recent progress in the utilization of nanomaterials for plant genetic transformation and discussed the advantages and limitations of different methods. Furthermore, we emphasized the advantages and potential broad applications of nanomaterials in plant genome editing, which provides guidance for future applications of nanomaterials in plant genetic engineering and crop breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng Zhi
- School of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; (H.Z.); (S.Z.); (W.P.)
- Institute of Advanced Agricultural Science, Peking University, Weifang 261000, China;
| | - Shengen Zhou
- School of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; (H.Z.); (S.Z.); (W.P.)
- Institute of Advanced Agricultural Science, Peking University, Weifang 261000, China;
| | - Wenbo Pan
- School of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; (H.Z.); (S.Z.); (W.P.)
- Institute of Advanced Agricultural Science, Peking University, Weifang 261000, China;
| | - Yun Shang
- Institute of Advanced Agricultural Science, Peking University, Weifang 261000, China;
| | - Zhanghua Zeng
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, CAAS Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Beijing 100081, China;
| | - Huawei Zhang
- Institute of Advanced Agricultural Science, Peking University, Weifang 261000, China;
- Correspondence:
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