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Maenhout L, Melville CA. Unravelling the link between physical activity and peer social connectedness in young people with intellectual disabilities: a systematic review of quantitative studies. JOURNAL OF INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY RESEARCH : JIDR 2024; 68:95-112. [PMID: 37821423 DOI: 10.1111/jir.13095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is limited understanding of the context surrounding physical activity (PA) of young people with intellectual disabilities (ID), which has an impact on the development of PA promotion programmes. Peer social connectedness seems to be a vital correlate to focus on, but has not been included in current studies examining the correlates and determinants of PA levels of young people with ID. This study aims to synthesise the evidence on (1) the social constructs researchers have used to conceptualise peer social connectedness in a PA context among young people with ID, (2) the measurement tools that have been used and (3) the relationship between PA and peer social connectedness in young people with ID. METHODS The review was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Ovid MEDLINE, Ovid Embase, Web of Science, ERIC, CINAHL and PsycINFO were searched from 1 January 1996 up to, and including, July 2023 to identify English-language studies, which examined associations between PA and peer social connectedness in adolescents and young adults (13-24 years) with ID. Study quality was assessed using the Standard Quality Assessment Criteria for Evaluating Primary Research Papers from a Variety of Fields. RESULTS Thirteen studies met the inclusion criteria and were included in the review. Ten peer social connectedness constructs and 18 measurement instruments were identified. Studies were predominantly focused on Special Olympics participants and unified activity formats. Participation in PA can increase social connectedness, but there is a lack of studies examining whether PA can also be increased by focusing on peer social connectedness in young people with ID. CONCLUSIONS Results show that peer social connectedness is recognised as relevant to researchers developing and testing PA programmes for young people with ID.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Maenhout
- Department of Movement and Sports Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - C A Melville
- School of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
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Maenhout L, Latomme J, Cardon G, Crombez G, Van Hove G, Compernolle S. Synergizing the Behavior Change Wheel and a Cocreative Approach to Design a Physical Activity Intervention for Adolescents and Young Adults With Intellectual Disabilities: Development Study. JMIR Form Res 2024; 8:e51693. [PMID: 38206648 PMCID: PMC10811596 DOI: 10.2196/51693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a need for physical activity promotion interventions in adolescents and young adults with intellectual disabilities. Current interventions have shown limited effectiveness, which may be attributed to the absence of theory and a population-specific development. Combining a planning model (including theory) and cocreation with the target audience during intervention development could potentially address this gap. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to report the systematic development of the Move it, Move ID! intervention by describing how the 8 different steps of the Behavior Change Wheel (BCW) were applied and present the results that emerged from those steps. In doing so, the (theoretical) content of the intervention is described in detail. METHODS A total of 23 adolescents and young adults (aged 14-22 years) with mild to moderate intellectual disabilities were designated as cocreators of the intervention. Across 2 groups, 6 similar cocreation sessions were organized in each. The content and sequence of the sessions were structured to align with the 8 steps of the BCW. All sessions were recorded and transcribed verbatim. Both a deductive (ie, steps of the BCW) and inductive (ie, resonating the voice of the participants) analysis approach were applied specifically focusing on identifying and describing the findings within each of the BCW steps. RESULTS After behavioral analysis (steps 1-4), 10 intervention goals were chosen and linked to Capability, Opportunity, and Motivation-Behavior components (theory within the BCW) that needed to be addressed. Psychological capability, social opportunity, and reflective motivation were emphasized as the first targets to focus on. A key finding was the urge for real-life social connectedness and social integration, which makes the social component as part of physical activity a central theme to focus on within intervention development. Judgments on the most suitable intervention functions (step 5) and behavior change techniques (step 7) were explained. When discussing the mode of delivery of the intervention (step 8), it was underscored that solely relying on a mobile health app would not fulfill participants' social needs. Hence, the chosen intervention adopts a dyadic approach in which young individuals with intellectual disabilities are matched with peers without intellectual disabilities to engage in physical activities together, with a mobile app playing a supportive role in this partnership. CONCLUSIONS The transparent description of the development process highlights why certain intervention components and behavior change techniques were chosen and how they are intertwined by means of the selected intervention design. This paper provides a detailed blueprint for practitioners wanting to integrate the BCW and its associated behavior change techniques, in combination with actively involving the target group, into their intervention development for people with intellectual disabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Maenhout
- Department of Movement and Sports Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Julie Latomme
- Department of Movement and Sports Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Greet Cardon
- Department of Movement and Sports Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Geert Crombez
- Department of Experimental-Clinical and Health Psychology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Geert Van Hove
- Department of Special Needs Education, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Sofie Compernolle
- Department of Movement and Sports Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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Schultz EE, Sergi K, Twietmeyer G, Oreskovic NM, Agiovlasitis S. Factors That Influence Physical Activity in Individuals With Down Syndrome: Perspectives of Guardians and Health Professionals. Adapt Phys Activ Q 2023; 40:587-606. [PMID: 36754059 DOI: 10.1123/apaq.2022-0103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 10/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Identifying factors that influence physical activity (PA) among individuals with Down syndrome is essential for PA promotion. Insight can be gained from guardians and health professionals. The purpose of this study was to explore the perspectives of guardians and health professionals on facilitators and barriers of PA in individuals with Down syndrome. Interviews were conducted with 11 guardians (five mothers, four fathers, and two legal guardians) and 11 professionals (four PA specialists, three physical therapists, and four occupational therapists). Grounded theory was applied. Barriers and facilitators fit the levels of the ecological model of health behavior: (a) intrapersonal (perceived rewards), (b) interpersonal (interaction), (c) community (availability of programs), (d) organizational (school systems), and (e) policy (education). Guardians and professionals agreed on the importance of enjoyment, interaction, and programs to promote PA. Differences between groups were identified at the organizational and policy levels. PA in persons with Down syndrome is influenced by interactions between individual and environmental factors.
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Bodde AE, White DA, Forseth B, Hastert M, Washburn R, Donnelly J, Sullivan D, Ptomey LT. Parent factors associated with BMI, diet, and physical activity of adolescents with intellectual and developmental disabilities. Disabil Health J 2023; 16:101507. [PMID: 37487764 DOI: 10.1016/j.dhjo.2023.101507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adolescents with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) experience overweight and obesity (OW/OB) up to 1.8 times the rate of their typically developing peers. Parents may influence adolescent weight management behaviors in this population, but the association between parent factors and adolescent weight management behaviors is unclear. OBJECTIVE To examine the associations between parent BMI and sociodemographic characteristics with adolescents' BMI, diet quality, daily energy intake, moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA), and sedentary behavior. METHODS This study analyzed baseline data from an 18-month randomized controlled weight loss trial for adolescents with IDD. We assessed parent BMI (kg/m2) and sociodemographic factors, and adolescent BMI z-score, MVPA, sedentary time, daily energy intake, and diet quality. Associations between parent and adolescent factors were assessed with Pearson, Spearman or Kendall Tau-b correlations; mean differences for categorical outcomes were assessed with independent samples t-tests/Mann-Whitney U tests or ANOVA/Kruskall-Wallis tests. RESULTS Ninety-five adolescent and parent dyads were included. Parent BMI was positively correlated with adolescent BMI z-score (n = 94: rs = 0.37, p < 0.01). Household income was inversely correlated with adolescent BMI z-score (n = 95: Tb = -0.18, p = 0.02). Parents with less than a bachelor's degree had adolescents with higher BMI z-scores than those with bachelor's or higher (2.1 ± 0.5 vs. 1.8 ± 0.5, p = 0.02) as well as higher sedentary behavior (n = 28, 515.2 ± 102.6 min/day vs. n = 40, 463.9 ± 148.1 min/day, p = 0.02). CONCLUSION We found parent BMI, income, and education associated with adolescent BMI z-score. These findings contribute to the sparse literature on parental factors associated with OW/OB in this population. CLINICAL TRIALS NUMBER NCT02561754.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy E Bodde
- Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Boulevard, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA.
| | - David A White
- Ward Family Heart Center, Children's Mercy Hospital, 2401 Gillham Road, Kansas City, MO, 64108, USA; School of Medicine, University of Missouri Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - Bethany Forseth
- Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science, The University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Boulevard, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA
| | - Mary Hastert
- Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Boulevard, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA; Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science, The University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Boulevard, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA
| | - Richard Washburn
- Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Boulevard, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA
| | - Joseph Donnelly
- Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Boulevard, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA
| | - Debra Sullivan
- Department of Dietetics and Nutrition, The University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Boulevard, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA
| | - Lauren T Ptomey
- Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Boulevard, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA
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Hilgenkamp T, Oppewal A. Physical activity, exercise and fitness. JOURNAL OF INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY RESEARCH : JIDR 2022; 66:501-502. [PMID: 35570358 DOI: 10.1111/jir.12937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- T Hilgenkamp
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV, USA
| | - A Oppewal
- Department of General Practice, Intellectual Disability Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
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Ptomey LT, Oreskovic NM, Hendrix JA, Nichols D, Agiovlasitis S. Weight management recommendations for youth with Down syndrome: Expert recommendations. Front Pediatr 2022; 10:1064108. [PMID: 36819200 PMCID: PMC9937587 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2022.1064108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Youth with Down syndrome (DS) have a higher prevalence of overweight and obesity compared to the general youth population. Due to physiological and cognitive differences observed in youth with DS, weight management recommendations developed for the general population, may not be suitable for youth with DS. However, there are no recent recommendations for weight management in youth with DS. A workgroup of clinicians and researchers with extensive experience working with youth with DS came together to give clinicians and families guidance for weight management in youth with DS. Recommendations were developed by the workgroup via a methodical, deliberative process. After the initial development of the recommendations, they were shared with an expert review panel and caregivers who rated the strength of the recommendation and strength of the evidence. The workgroup moved forward the recommendations which the review panels rated as strong. Eight recommendations were developed which focused on screening for overweight and obesity, screening for health conditions that may impact dietary intake and physical activity, screening for feeding difficulties, setting appropriate recommendations for dietary intake and physical activity, and well as prevention and treatment of overweight and obesity using evidence-based strategies. These recommendations can be implemented by clinicians working with youth with Down syndrome as well as the family, school, and other relevant entities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren T Ptomey
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States
| | - Nicolas M Oreskovic
- Departments of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States.,Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | | | - Dominica Nichols
- Departments of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States.,Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Stamatis Agiovlasitis
- Department of Kinesiology, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, United States
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