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Yoshino H, Takechi H. Clinical characteristics of older patients with suspected or diagnosed dementia during hospitalization. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2024; 24:641-645. [PMID: 38656668 DOI: 10.1111/ggi.14885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
AIM In Japan, an additional system for patients with suspected or diagnosed dementia during hospitalization for physical illness began in 2016. We examined the clinical characteristics of older patients with suspected or diagnosed dementia during hospitalization. METHODS The study participants consisted of 569 patients. Current age, sex, comorbidities, causative disease for admission, body mass index (BMI), blood tests, environment before admission, prescription history before admission and rate of delirium were examined. Simple regression analysis for high-frequency diseases was carried out with the respective risk factors as independent variables. Multiple regression analysis was then carried out. RESULTS Infection had the highest frequency in the causative diseases for admission. A total of 48% of patients had delirium during hospitalization. The delirium group had the highest frequency of being at home. In the infection group, BMI and serum albumin were lower in the non-infection group (BMI 19.0 ± 3.7 vs 20.4 ± 4.1; P < 0.001, albumin 2.1 ± 0.7 vs 3.3 ± 0.6 g/dL; P < 0.001 respectively). White blood cell count and C-reactive protein were higher than in the non-infection group, respectively (white blood cell count 11181.4 ± 6533.3 vs 8765.8 ± 111 424.3/μL; P = 0.007, C-reactive protein 8.6 ± 8.6 vs 3.0 ± 5.2 mg/dL; P < 0.001 respectively). Using independent factors associated with infection, multiple regression analysis was performed. BMI (P = 0.013), serum albumin (P < 0.001) and nursing home care before admission (P < 0.001) had significant correlations. CONCLUSIONS Assessment of delirium and the environment before admission of older patients with suspected or diagnosed dementia when hospitalized are necessary. Furthermore, evaluation of nutrition might also contribute to reducing deterioration due to physical illness. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2024; 24: 641-645.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Yoshino
- Department of Geriatrics and Cognitive Disorders, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Hajime Takechi
- Department of Geriatrics and Cognitive Disorders, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Japan
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Arifin H, Chen R, Banda KJ, Kustanti CY, Chang CY, Lin HC, Liu D, Lee TY, Chou KR. Meta-analysis and moderator analysis of the prevalence of malnutrition and malnutrition risk among older adults with dementia. Int J Nurs Stud 2024; 150:104648. [PMID: 38043486 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2023.104648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aging and dementia are common and closely related health problems in older adults, affecting their ability to maintain a healthy diet and ultimately resulting in malnutrition. OBJECTIVE In this study, we estimated the global prevalence of malnutrition and malnutrition risk in older adults with dementia. DESIGN Meta-analysis. DATA SOURCES Embase, Ovid MEDLINE, PubMed, CINAHL, Scopus, and Web of Science were comprehensively searched for articles published from database inception to October 2022. METHODS Pooled prevalence analysis was conducted using a generalized linear mixed model and a random-effects model. I2 and Cochran's Q statistics were used for identifying heterogeneity. Publication bias was evaluated using Peters' regression test and a funnel plot. Moderator analyses were conducted to investigate variations in the prevalence estimates of the included studies. All statistical analyses were conducted using R software. RESULTS A total of 16 studies involving a total of 6513 older adults with dementia were included in the analysis. The results indicated that 32.52 % (95 % confidence interval: 19.55-45.49) of all included older adults with dementia had malnutrition, whereas 46.80 % (95 % confidence interval: 38.90-54.70) had a risk of malnutrition. The prevalence of malnutrition was found to be high among older patients living in institutionalized settings (46.59 %) and those with Alzheimer's disease (12.26 %). The factors moderating the prevalence of malnutrition included adequate vitamin B12 consumption, risk behaviors, medical comorbidities, and certain neuropsychiatric symptoms. The prevalence of malnutrition risk was high among women (29.84 %) and patients with Alzheimer's disease (26.29 %). The factors moderating the prevalence of malnutrition risk included total cholesterol level, vitamin B12 consumption, risk behaviors, medical comorbidities, and certain neuropsychiatric symptoms. CONCLUSIONS Approximately one-third of older adults with dementia are malnourished and nearly half of older adults are at a risk of malnutrition. Encouraging collaboration among health-care professionals and ensuring early assessment and effective management of malnutrition are crucial for maintaining a favorable nutritional status in older adults with dementia. REGISTRATION This study was registered with the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO: CRD42022369329). TWEETABLE ABSTRACT Globally, approximately 32.52 % of older adults with dementia are malnourished and approximately 46.80 % are at a risk of malnutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hidayat Arifin
- School of Nursing, College of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Faculty of Nursing, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia. https://twitter.com/ha_arifin
| | - Ruey Chen
- School of Nursing, College of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Nursing, Taipei Medical University-Shuang Ho Hospital, New Taipei, Taiwan; Post-Baccalaureate Program in Nursing, College of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kondwani Joseph Banda
- School of Nursing, College of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Endoscopy Unit, Surgery Department, Kamuzu Central Hospital, Lilongwe, Malawi
| | - Christina Yeni Kustanti
- School of Nursing, College of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Kesehatan Bethesda Yakkum, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Ching-Yi Chang
- School of Nursing, College of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Chen Lin
- School of Nursing, College of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Research Center in Nursing Clinical Practice, Wan Fang Hospital Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Doresses Liu
- School of Nursing, College of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Research Center in Nursing Clinical Practice, Wan Fang Hospital Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Nursing, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tso-Ying Lee
- School of Nursing, College of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Nursing Research Center, Department of Nursing, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kuei-Ru Chou
- School of Nursing, College of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Nursing, Taipei Medical University-Shuang Ho Hospital, New Taipei, Taiwan; Research Center in Nursing Clinical Practice, Wan Fang Hospital Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Psychiatric Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Neuroscience Research Center, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Moreno-Fergusson ME, Caez-Ramírez GR, Sotelo-Díaz LI, Sánchez-Herrera B. Nutritional Care for Institutionalized Persons with Dementia: An Integrative Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:6763. [PMID: 37754622 PMCID: PMC10531301 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20186763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Older people are at risk of malnutrition, especially when they suffer from cognitive impairment. Guidelines that orient nursing care in this regard need to be updated. The aim of this review is to address the best available evidence on interventions that can benefit nutritional nursing care for institutionalized older adults with dementia. METHODS Integrative review using the Dimensions and Eureka search engines, and the PubMed, Embase, Scielo, CINAHL, and ScienceDirect databases. We searched from the year 2015 through to 2021. We employed the MMAT guidelines for mixed, qualitative, and quantitative studies, and the PRISMA, CASP, and JBI guidelines to value the reviews. RESULTS A total of 55 studies met the inclusion criteria. The best available evidence to support nutritional nursing care for institutionalized older adults with dementia highlights several aspects related to the assessment and caring interventions that are focused on people with dementia, their caregivers, and their context. CONCLUSIONS Both the assessment and nutritional care interventions for older people with dementia should consider the patient-caregiver dyad as the subject of care and understand the context as a fundamental part of it. The analysis of the context should look further than the immediate environment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Luz Indira Sotelo-Díaz
- EICEA Department of Gastronomy, Campus Puente del Común, Universidad de La Sabana, Chía 250001, Colombia;
| | - Beatriz Sánchez-Herrera
- Nursing and Rehabilitation School, Campus Puente del Común, Universidad de La Sabana, Chía 250001, Colombia;
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Taira K, Watanabe Y, Okada K, Kondo M, Takeda M, Ito K, Nakajima J, Iwasaki M, Itoda M, Inohara K, Sasaki R, Nishi Y, Furuya J, Watanabe Y, Umemoto G, Kishima M, Tohara T, Sato Y, Yoshida M, Yamazaki Y. Association between denture use and food form in older adults requiring long-term care: A multicenter cross-sectional study. J Prosthodont Res 2022. [PMID: 35989265 DOI: 10.2186/jpr.jpr_d_21_00161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to determine whether denture use contributes to maintaining and improving food forms in long-term care facility (LTCFs) residents. METHODS In 888 residents of 37 LTCFs in Japan, the following were investigated: nutritional intake status, food forms, age, sex, Barthel index (BI), clinical dementia rating (CDR), number of teeth present, number of occlusal supports, swallowing function, and use of dentures. Among all residents, those who were well-nourished and had ≤9 occlusal supports were analyzed. Based on standardized criteria, the food forms consumed by the subjects were divided into two groups: dysphagia and normal diet, which were further classified into four levels. Analysis was performed using a generalized estimation equation with the four levels of food forms as dependent variables and age, sex, BI, CDR, presence of dysphagia, number of teeth present, and use of dentures as independent variables. RESULTS The final analysis included 622 (70.0%) residents. Of these, 380 (61.1%) used dentures. The analyses revealed that food form was significantly associated with age (adjusted odds ratio [OR], 0.98), BI (OR, 1.04), number of teeth present (OR, 1.03), presence of dysphagia (OR, 0.44), and use of dentures (OR, 2.82). CONCLUSION Denture use was associated with food forms among Japanese LTCF residents. This indicates that the use of dentures is related to the maintenance of food forms, even in the elderly who participate in few activities of daily living, have reduced cognitive function, and require long-term care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenshu Taira
- Gerodontology, Department of Oral Health Science, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Yutaka Watanabe
- Gerodontology, Department of Oral Health Science, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Kazutaka Okada
- Gerodontology, Department of Oral Health Science, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Miyako Kondo
- Gerodontology, Department of Oral Health Science, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Maaya Takeda
- Gerodontology, Department of Oral Health Science, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Kayoko Ito
- Niigata University Medical and Dental Hospital, Niigata, Japan
| | - Junko Nakajima
- Department of Oral Medicine and Hospital Dentistry, Tokyo Dental College, Chiba, Japan
| | | | - Masataka Itoda
- Department of Oral Rehabilitation Osaka Dental University Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ken Inohara
- Inohara Dental and Rehabilitation Clinic, Hiroshima, Japan.,Ota Memorial Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Rikimaru Sasaki
- Rehabilitation Clinic for Speech and Swallowing Disorders, The Nippon Dental University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Nishi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Prosthodontics, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Junichi Furuya
- Department of Geriatric Dentistry, Showa University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - George Umemoto
- Swallowing Disorders Center, Fukuoka University Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | | | - Takashi Tohara
- The Nippon Dental University Tama Oral Rehabilitation Clinic, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuji Sato
- Department of Geriatric Dentistry, Showa University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mitsuyohi Yoshida
- Department of Dentistry & Oral-Maxillofacial Surgery Fujita Health University, Aichi, Japan
| | - Yutaka Yamazaki
- Gerodontology, Department of Oral Health Science, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido, Japan
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Relationship between weight loss and regular dental management of older adults residing in long-term care facilities: a 1-year multicenter longitudinal study. Eur Geriatr Med 2021; 13:221-231. [PMID: 34709606 DOI: 10.1007/s41999-021-00576-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to determine the association between home visits by a dentist and regular oral hygiene management by a dental hygienist (regular dental management: RDM) and weight loss among older adults in long-term care facilities. METHODS A total of 468 older residents from 26 Japanese long-term care facilities participated in two surveys in 2018 and 2019. Participants were divided into two groups based on their diet during the baseline survey (regular diet, n = 256; dysphagia diet, n = 212). Participants with a regular diet were further divided into those who exhibited a weight loss ≥ 5% over 1 year (weight loss group: n = 77) and those with a weight loss < 5% (consistent weight group: n = 179). The explanatory variables were age, sex, baseline weight, Barthel index, and clinical dementia rating, as well as the patients' medical history of pneumonia, stroke, diabetes, and depression (which is reportedly associated with weight). Additionally, a Poisson regression with robust standard error, was carried out to analyze the explanatory variables, namely the prevalence of RDM noted during the study and functional teeth (which seemed to affect weight loss). RESULTS A multivariate analysis revealed that older residents' lack of RDM, clinical dementia assessment, and their history of pneumonia (prevalence rate ratio: 0.35, 95% confidence interval 0.24-0.95) were all significantly associated with weight loss when on a regular diet. CONCLUSION Thus, weight loss and RDM were related to each other. Weight loss may be suppressed by incorporating RDMs during the early nursing care for older residents on regular diets.
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Endo A, Watanabe Y, Matsushita T, Okada K, Ohara Y, Iwasaki M, Ito K, Nakajima J, Iwasa Y, Itoda M, Sasaki R, Nishi Y, Furuya J, Watanabe Y, Umemoto G, Kishima M, Hirano H, Sato Y, Yoshida M, Yamazaki Y. Association between Weight Loss and Food Form in Older Individuals Residing in Long-Term Care Facilities: 1-Year Multicenter Longitudinal Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph182010776. [PMID: 34682525 PMCID: PMC8535238 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182010776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Changing the food form for older adults requiring nursing care from a regular to dysphagia diet is thought to impact their nutritional status. We assessed the association between changes in food form and weight loss over 1 year in older adults. Older adults residing in long-term care facilities in Japan (n = 455) who participated in the baseline (2018) and follow-up (2019) surveys were divided into two groups (regular diet, n = 284; dysphagia diet, n = 171). The regular diet group was further divided into the weight loss (n = 80; weight loss ≥5% over 1 year) and weight maintenance (n = 204; weight loss <5%) groups. After 1 year, the Barthel Index significantly decreased, and the proportion of participants who switched from a regular diet to a dysphagia diet significantly increased in the weight loss group than in the weight maintenance group. Multivariate logistic regression analysis found that Barthel index variation (odds ratio (OR): 0.97, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.94‒0.99), change from a regular diet to a dysphagia diet (OR: 4.41, 95% CI: 1.87‒10.41), and body weight at baseline (OR = 1.06, 95% CI: 1.01‒1.11) were significantly associated with weight loss. Our results suggest that maintaining the food form inhibits weight loss and improves health outcomes in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akemi Endo
- Gerodontology, Department of Oral Health Science, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido 060-8586, Japan; (A.E.); (T.M.); (K.O.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Yutaka Watanabe
- Gerodontology, Department of Oral Health Science, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido 060-8586, Japan; (A.E.); (T.M.); (K.O.); (Y.Y.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel./Fax: +81-11-706-4582
| | - Takae Matsushita
- Gerodontology, Department of Oral Health Science, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido 060-8586, Japan; (A.E.); (T.M.); (K.O.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Kazutaka Okada
- Gerodontology, Department of Oral Health Science, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido 060-8586, Japan; (A.E.); (T.M.); (K.O.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Yuki Ohara
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan; (Y.O.); (M.I.); (H.H.)
| | - Masanori Iwasaki
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan; (Y.O.); (M.I.); (H.H.)
| | - Kayoko Ito
- Oral Rehabilitation, Niigata University Medical and Dental Hospital, Niigata 951-8520, Japan;
| | - Junko Nakajima
- Department of Oral Medicine and Hospital Dentistry, Tokyo Dental College, Chiba 272-8513, Japan;
| | - Yasuyuki Iwasa
- Department of Dentistry, Haradoi Hospital, Fukuoka 813-8588, Japan;
| | - Masataka Itoda
- Department of Oral Rehabilitation, Osaka Dental University Hospital, Osaka 573-1144, Japan;
| | - Rikimaru Sasaki
- Rehabilitation Clinic for Speech and Swallowing Disorders, The Nippon Dental University Hospital, Tokyo 102-8158, Japan;
| | - Yasuhiro Nishi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Prosthodontics, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan;
| | - Junichi Furuya
- Department of Geriatric Dentistry, Showa University School of Dentistry, Tokyo 145-8515, Japan; (J.F.); sato-@dent.showa-u.ac.jp (Y.S.)
| | - Yoshihiko Watanabe
- Department of Healthcare Management, Tohoku Fukushi University, Miyagi 981-8522, Japan;
| | - George Umemoto
- Swallowing Disorders Center, Fukuoka University Hospital, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan;
| | - Masako Kishima
- Wakakusa-Tatsuma Rehabilitation Hospital, Osaka 574-0012, Japan;
| | - Hirohiko Hirano
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan; (Y.O.); (M.I.); (H.H.)
| | - Yuji Sato
- Department of Geriatric Dentistry, Showa University School of Dentistry, Tokyo 145-8515, Japan; (J.F.); sato-@dent.showa-u.ac.jp (Y.S.)
| | - Mitsuyoshi Yoshida
- Department of Advanced Prosthodontics, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan;
| | - Yutaka Yamazaki
- Gerodontology, Department of Oral Health Science, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido 060-8586, Japan; (A.E.); (T.M.); (K.O.); (Y.Y.)
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Ning H, Du Y, Ellis D, Deng HW, Hu H, Zhao Y, Chen H, Liao L, Li M, Peng L, Feng H. Malnutrition and its associated factors among elderly Chinese with physical functional dependency. Public Health Nutr 2021; 24:1404-1414. [PMID: 32389160 PMCID: PMC7864553 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980019005299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Revised: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the prevalence and to identify the associated factors of malnutrition among elderly Chinese with physical functional dependency. DESIGN Face-to-face interviews using standardised questionnaires were conducted to collect demographic information, health-related issues and psychosocial status. Physical function was measured by the Barthel Index (BI), and nutrition status was assessed by the Mini Nutritional Assessment-Short Form. Multivariate binary logistic regression was used to assess associated factors of malnutrition. SETTING China. PARTICIPANTS A total of 2323 participants (aged ≥ 60 years) with physical functional dependency in five provinces in China were enrolled using a multistage cluster sampling scheme. RESULTS The prevalence of malnutrition was 17·9 % (95 % CI 16·3, 19·4). Multivariable binary logistic regression revealed the independent risk factors of poor nutrition status were being female, older age, lower educational status, poor hearing, poor physical functional status, lack of hobbies, low religious participation, poor social support, lack of social participation and changes in social participation. The study found that the most significant independent risk factor for malnutrition was complete physical functional dependence (OR 4·46, 95 % CI 2·92, 6·82). CONCLUSIONS The findings of the study confirm that malnutrition and the risk of malnutrition are prevalent in Chinese older adults with physical functional dependency. In addition to demographic and physical health-related factors, psychosocial factors, which are often overlooked, are independently associated with nutrition status in Chinese older adults with physical functional dependency. A holistic approach should be adopted to screen for malnutrition and develop health promotion interventions in this vulnerable population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongting Ning
- Xiangya School of Nursing, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan410013, China
| | - Yan Du
- School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA70112, USA
| | - Donna Ellis
- RN School of Nursing, Loyola University New Orleans, New Orleans, LA70118, USA
| | - Hong-Wen Deng
- School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA70112, USA
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan410013, China
| | - Hengyu Hu
- Xiangya School of Nursing, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan410013, China
| | - Yinan Zhao
- Xiangya School of Nursing, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan410013, China
| | - Huijing Chen
- Xiangya School of Nursing, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan410013, China
| | - Lulu Liao
- Xiangya School of Nursing, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan410013, China
| | - Mengqi Li
- Xiangya School of Nursing, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan410013, China
| | - Linlin Peng
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan410008, China
| | - Hui Feng
- Xiangya School of Nursing, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan410013, China
- Xiangya School of Nursing, Xiangya-Oceanwide Health Management Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan410013, China
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Appetite-enhancing effects of inhaling cinnamon, clove, and fennel essential oils containing phenylpropanoid analogues. J Nat Med 2020; 74:710-721. [PMID: 32556946 DOI: 10.1007/s11418-020-01423-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Cinnamon, clove, and fennel are commonly used as spices and herbal medicines, and one of their medicinal uses is as aromatic stomachics. We investigated the effect on appetite in mice of inhaling volatile compounds contained in essential oils extracted from herbal medicines used as aromatic stomachics. The appetite-enhancing effects of cinnamon and fennel essential oils were similar to those of their main components trans-cinnamaldehyde and trans-anethole, respectively. The appetite-enhancing effects of clove essential oil were observed over a wide range of doses (4.5 × 10-4 to 4.5 × 10-3 mg/cage), even though the active compounds showed effects within a narrow range of doses (eugenol: 4.5 × 10-4 to 2.5 × 10-3 mg/cage; eugenol acetate: 1.1 × 10-3 to 4.5 × 10-3 mg/cage). The increase in appetite at doses that differed by tenfold in mice administered clove oil was due to synergistic effects between eugenol and eugenol acetate in clove oil. Thus, loss of appetite could be treated more effectively using essential oil containing both eugenol and eugenol acetate compared with the active compounds administered separately. Administering essential oils, such as cinnamon and clove, could improve loss of appetite without strict dosage adjustment.
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Ogawa K, Ito M. Appetite-enhancing effects of nutmeg oil and structure-activity relationship of habituation to phenylpropanoids. J Nat Med 2019; 73:513-522. [PMID: 30919203 DOI: 10.1007/s11418-019-01295-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2018] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Nutmeg (Myristica fragrans) is widely used to flavour sweet and savoury foods and has been used as a herbal medicine to enhance appetite in Asian countries. Nutmeg oil contains compounds such as myristicin and methyl eugenol. Previously, we found that inhalation of phenylpropanoid compounds increased appetite in mice. These volatile aroma compounds with appetite-enhancing effects have attracted the attention of healthcare professionals who care for older people with dementia because many of these older people have hypophagia, which leads to frailty and becoming bedridden. Thus, appetite-enhancing agents that are inexpensive and easy to administer are particularly desirable. In this study, we showed that the inhalation of nutmeg oil, myristicin and methyl eugenol produced appetite-enhancing effects in mice. Methyl eugenol alone has shown appetite-enhancing effects and locomotor-reducing effects at the same dose. In a previous study, benzylacetone produced those two effects at the same dose and also increased the body weight of mice significantly; methyl eugenol, however, did not because the mice experienced olfactory habituation after repeated inhalations of methyl eugenol. A structure-activity study showed that a carbonyl group on the aliphatic chain prevented habituation to aroma compounds, which is important information for identifying suitable phenylpropanoid compounds for long-term treatment of loss of appetite.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kakuyou Ogawa
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, 46-29 Yoshida-Shimo-Adachi-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
- Department of Natural Medicines, Daiichi University of Pharmacy, 22-1 Tamagawa-cho, Minami-ku, Fukuoka, 815-8511, Japan
| | - Michiho Ito
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, 46-29 Yoshida-Shimo-Adachi-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan.
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Jang JW, Kim Y, Choi YH, Lee JM, Yoon B, Park KW, Kim SE, Kim HJ, Yoon SJ, Jeong JH, Kim EJ, Jung NY, Hwang J, Kang JH, Hong JY, Choi SH. Association of Nutritional Status with Cognitive Stage in the Elderly Korean Population: The Korean Brain Aging Study for the Early Diagnosis and Prediction of Alzheimer's Disease. J Clin Neurol 2019; 15:292-300. [PMID: 31286699 PMCID: PMC6620466 DOI: 10.3988/jcn.2019.15.3.292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2018] [Revised: 12/15/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Purpose Epidemiological studies have suggested the presence of strong correlations among diet, lifestyle, and dementia onset. However, these studies have unfortunately had major limitations due to their inability to fully control the various potential confounders affecting the nutritional status. The purpose of the current study was to determine the nutritional status of participants in the Korean Brain Aging Study for the Early Diagnosis and Prediction of Alzheimer's Disease (KBASE) and to identify clinical risk factors for being at risk of malnutrition or being malnourished. Methods Baseline data from 212 participants [119 cognitively unimpaired (CU), 56 with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and 37 with dementia] included in the KBASE database were analyzed. All participants underwent a comprehensive cognitive test and MRI at baseline. The presence of malnutrition at baseline was measured by the Mini Nutritional Assessment score. We examined the cross-sectional relationships of clinical findings with nutritional status using multiple logistic regression applied to variables for which p<0.2 in the univariate analysis. Differences in cortical thickness according to the nutritional status were also investigated. Results After adjustment for demographic, nutritional, and neuropsychological factors, participants with dementia had a significantly higher odds ratio (OR) for being at risk of malnutrition or being malnourished than CU participants [OR=5.98, 95% CI=1.20–32.97] whereas participants with MCI did not (OR=0.62, 95% CI=0.20–1.83). Cortical thinning in the at-risk/malnutrition group was observed in the left temporal area. Conclusions Dementia was found to be an independent predictor for the risk of malnutrition compared with CU participants. Our findings further suggest that cortical thinning in left temporal regions is related to the nutritional status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Won Jang
- Department of Neurology, Kangwon National University Hospital, Kangwon National University College of Medicine, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Yeshin Kim
- Department of Neurology, Kangwon National University Hospital, Kangwon National University College of Medicine, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Yong Ho Choi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jong Min Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Bora Yoon
- Department of Neurology, Konyang University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Kyung Won Park
- Department of Neurology, Dong-A Medical Center, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | - Si Eun Kim
- Department of Neurology, Inje University College of Medicine, Haeundae Paik Hospital, Busan, Korea
| | - Hee Jin Kim
- Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Soo Jin Yoon
- Department of Neurology, Eulji University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Jee Hyang Jeong
- Department of Neurology, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun Joo Kim
- Department of Neurology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | - Na Yeon Jung
- Department of Neurology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | - Jihye Hwang
- Department of Neurology, Keimyung University Dongsan Medical Center, Daegu, Korea
| | - Ju Hee Kang
- Department of Pharmacology and Medicinal Toxicology Research Center, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
| | - Jin Yong Hong
- Department of Neurology, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea.
| | - Seong Hye Choi
- Department of Neurology, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, Korea.
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