1
|
Wang V, Tseng KY, Kuo TT, Huang EYK, Lan KL, Chen ZR, Ma KH, Greig NH, Jung J, Choi HI, Olson L, Hoffer BJ, Chen YH. Attenuating mitochondrial dysfunction and morphological disruption with PT320 delays dopamine degeneration in MitoPark mice. J Biomed Sci 2024; 31:38. [PMID: 38627765 PMCID: PMC11022395 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-024-01025-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mitochondria are essential organelles involved in cellular energy production. Changes in mitochondrial function can lead to dysfunction and cell death in aging and age-related disorders. Recent research suggests that mitochondrial dysfunction is closely linked to neurodegenerative diseases. Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R) agonist has gained interest as a potential treatment for Parkinson's disease (PD). However, the exact mechanisms responsible for the therapeutic effects of GLP-1R-related agonists are not yet fully understood. METHODS In this study, we explores the effects of early treatment with PT320, a sustained release formulation of the GLP-1R agonist Exenatide, on mitochondrial functions and morphology in a progressive PD mouse model, the MitoPark (MP) mouse. RESULTS Our findings demonstrate that administration of a clinically translatable dose of PT320 ameliorates the reduction in tyrosine hydroxylase expression, lowers reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, and inhibits mitochondrial cytochrome c release during nigrostriatal dopaminergic denervation in MP mice. PT320 treatment significantly preserved mitochondrial function and morphology but did not influence the reduction in mitochondria numbers during PD progression in MP mice. Genetic analysis indicated that the cytoprotective effect of PT320 is attributed to a reduction in the expression of mitochondrial fission protein 1 (Fis1) and an increase in the expression of optic atrophy type 1 (Opa1), which is known to play a role in maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis and decreasing cytochrome c release through remodeling of the cristae. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that the early administration of PT320 shows potential as a neuroprotective treatment for PD, as it can preserve mitochondrial function. Through enhancing mitochondrial health by regulating Opa1 and Fis1, PT320 presents a new neuroprotective therapy in PD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vicki Wang
- Doctoral Degree Program in Translational Medicine, National Defense Medical Center and Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11490, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, 11490, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Yin Tseng
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, 11490, Taiwan
- National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, 11490, Taiwan
| | - Tung-Tai Kuo
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, 11490, Taiwan
- Department of Pharmacology, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, 11490, Taiwan
| | - Eagle Yi-Kung Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, 11490, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Lun Lan
- Department of Pathology, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, 11490, Taiwan
| | - Zi-Rong Chen
- Department of Pathology, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, 11490, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Hsing Ma
- Graduate Institute of Biology and Anatomy, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, 11490, Taiwan
| | - Nigel H Greig
- Drug Design & Development Section, Translational Gerontology Branch, Intramural Research Program National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA
| | - Jin Jung
- Peptron, Inc., Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34054, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho-Ii Choi
- Peptron, Inc., Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34054, Republic of Korea
| | - Lars Olson
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Barry J Hoffer
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospitals of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Yuan-Hao Chen
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, 11490, Taiwan.
- National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, 11490, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Tseng KY, Kuo TT, Wang V, Huang EYK, Ma KH, Olson L, Hoffer BJ, Chen YH. Tetrabenazine Mitigates Aberrant Release and Clearance of Dopamine in the Nigrostriatal System, and Alleviates L-DOPA-Induced Dyskinesia in a Mouse Model of Parkinson's Disease. JOURNAL OF PARKINSON'S DISEASE 2022; 12:1545-1565. [PMID: 35599497 DOI: 10.3233/jpd-223195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND L-DOPA-induced dyskinesia (LID), occurring with aberrant processing of exogenous L-DOPA in the dopamine-denervated striatum, is a main complication of levodopa treatment in Parkinson's disease. OBJECTIVE To characterize the effects of the vesicular antagonist tetrabenazine (TBZ) on L-DOPA-induced behavior, neurochemical signals, and underlying protein expressions in an animal model of Parkinson's disease. METHODS 20-week-old MitoPark mice were co-treated or separately administered TBZ and L-DOPA for 14 days. Abnormal involuntary movements (AIMs) and locomotor activity were analyzed. To explore dopamine (DA) transmission, fast scan cyclic voltammetry was used to assess presynaptic DA dynamics in striatal slices following treatments. PET imaging with 4-[18F]-PE2I, ADAM and immunoblotting assays were used to detect receptor protein changes in the DA-denervated striatum. Finally, nigrostriatal tissues were collected for HPLC measures of DA, serotonin and their metabolites. RESULTS A single injection of TBZ given in the interval between the two L-DOPA/Carbidopa treatments significantly attenuated L-DOPA-induced AIMs expression and locomotor hyperactivity. TBZ was shown to reduce tonic and phasic release of DA following L-DOPA treatment in DA-denervated striatal tissue. In the DA-depleted striatum, TBZ decreased the expression of L-DOPA-enhanced D1 receptors and the serotonin reuptake transporter. Neurochemical analysis indicated that TBZ attenuated L-DOPA-induced surges of DA levels by promoting DA turnover in the nigrostriatal system. CONCLUSIONS Our findings demonstrate that TBZ diminishes abnormal striatal DA transmission, which involves the ability of TBZ to modulate the presymptomatic dynamics of DA, and then mitigate aberrant release of exogenous L-DOPA from nerve terminals. The results support the potential of repositioning TBZ to counteract LID development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kuan-Yin Tseng
- National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Tung-Tai Kuo
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Vicki Wang
- Ph.D. Program in Translational Medicine, National Defense Medical Center and Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Eagle Yi-Kung Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Kuo-Hsing Ma
- Graduate Institute of Biology and Anatomy, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Lars Olson
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Barry J Hoffer
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospitals of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Yuan-Hao Chen
- National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Abstract
Addictive drugs are habit-forming. Addiction is a learned behavior; repeated exposure to addictive drugs can stamp in learning. Dopamine-depleted or dopamine-deleted animals have only unlearned reflexes; they lack learned seeking and learned avoidance. Burst-firing of dopamine neurons enables learning-long-term potentiation (LTP)-of search and avoidance responses. It sets the stage for learning that occurs between glutamatergic sensory inputs and GABAergic motor-related outputs of the striatum; this learning establishes the ability to search and avoid. Independent of burst-firing, the rate of single-spiking-or "pacemaker firing"-of dopaminergic neurons mediates motivational arousal. Motivational arousal increases during need states and its level determines the responsiveness of the animal to established predictive stimuli. Addictive drugs, while usually not serving as an external stimulus, have varying abilities to activate the dopamine system; the comparative abilities of different addictive drugs to facilitate LTP is something that might be studied in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roy A Wise
- Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse, 250 Mason Lord Drive, Baltimore, MD, USA.
- Behavior Genetics Laboratory, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 115 Mill Street, Belmont, MA, 02478, USA.
| | - Chloe J Jordan
- Division of Alcohol, Drugs and Addiction, Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, McLean Hospital, 115 Mill Street, Belmont, MA, 02478, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Beckstead MJ, Howell RD. Progressive parkinsonism due to mitochondrial impairment: Lessons from the MitoPark mouse model. Exp Neurol 2021; 341:113707. [PMID: 33753138 PMCID: PMC8169575 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2021.113707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The cardinal pathophysiological finding of Parkinson's disease (PD) is a chronic, progressive degeneration of dopamine (DA) neurons in the substantia nigra, which is responsible for the motor and some of the non-motor symptomatology. While the primary causes of nigrostriatal degeneration are hotly debated, considerable evidence supports a central role for impaired mitochondrial function. Postmortem analysis of PD patients reveals impaired respiratory chains and increased mutations of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), in addition to increased markers of oxidative stress indicative of mitochondrial impairment. Most animal models of PD, both genetic and toxin-based, target some component of mitochondrial function to reproduce aspects of the human disease. One model that continues to gain attention is the MitoPark mouse, created through a cell type-specific knockout of mitochondrial transcription factor A specifically in midbrain DA neurons. This model effectively recapitulates the slowly developing, adult onset motor decline seen in PD due to mass loss of DA neurons. MitoPark mice therefore represent an effective tool for studying the sequence of events that occurs in the early stages of DA neuron degeneration following mitochondrial impairment, as well as for testing the efficacy of potential disease-modifying therapies in a progressive model of neurodegeneration. A targeted review of key findings from MitoPark mice has not been published since the early years following the initial report of the model in 2007. The current review synthesizes findings from several groups that are exploring MitoPark mice and discusses implications for the future identification of disease-modifying treatments for PD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Beckstead
- Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Aging & Metabolism Research Program, USA.
| | - Rebecca D Howell
- Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Aging & Metabolism Research Program, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Wang V, Kuo TT, Huang EYK, Ma KH, Chou YC, Fu ZY, Lai LW, Jung J, Choi HI, Choi DS, Li Y, Olson L, Greig NH, Hoffer BJ, Chen YH. Sustained Release GLP-1 Agonist PT320 Delays Disease Progression in a Mouse Model of Parkinson's Disease. ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci 2021; 4:858-869. [PMID: 33860208 DOI: 10.1021/acsptsci.1c00013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
GLP-1 agonists have become increasingly interesting as a new Parkinson's disease (PD) clinical treatment strategy. Additional preclinical studies are important to validate this approach and define the disease stage when they are most effective. We hence characterized the efficacy of PT320, a sustained release formulation of the long acting GLP-1 agonist, exenatide, in a progressive PD (MitoPark) mouse model. A clinically translatable biweekly PT320 dose was administered starting at 5 weeks of age and longitudinally evaluated to 24 weeks, and multiple behavioral/cellular parameters were measured. PT320 significantly improved spontaneous locomotor activity and rearing in MitoPark PD mice. "Motivated" behavior also improved, evaluated by accelerating rotarod performance. Behavioral improvement was correlated with enhanced cellular and molecular indices of dopamine (DA) midbrain function. Fast scan cyclic voltammetry demonstrated protection of striatal and nucleus accumbens DA release and reuptake in PT320 treated MitoPark mice. Positron emission tomography showed protection of striatal DA fibers and tyrosine hydroxylase protein expression was augmented by PT320 administration. Early PT320 treatment may hence provide an important neuroprotective therapeutic strategy in PD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vicki Wang
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan
| | - Tung-Tai Kuo
- Graduate Institute of Computer and Communication Engineering, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei 10608, Taiwan
| | - Eagle Yi-Kung Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Hsing Ma
- Graduate Institute of Biology and Anatomy, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, 11490, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ching Chou
- National Defense Medical Center School of Public Health, Min-Chuan East Road, Sec. 6, Nei-Hu District, Taipei City, 114, Taiwan
| | - Zhao-Yang Fu
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan
| | - Li-Wen Lai
- Graduate Pharmacology, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan
| | - Jin Jung
- Peptron, Inc., Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea
| | - Hoi-Ii Choi
- Peptron, Inc., Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea
| | - Doo-Sup Choi
- Departments of Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine & Science, Rochester, Minnesota 55905-0001, United States
| | - Yazhou Li
- Drug Design & Development Section, Translational Gerontology Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland 21224-6825, United States
| | - Lars Olson
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm 171 77, Sweden
| | - Nigel H Greig
- Drug Design & Development Section, Translational Gerontology Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland 21224-6825, United States
| | - Barry J Hoffer
- Department of Neurosurgery, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio 44106-4915, United States
| | - Yuan-Hao Chen
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Balance alterations and reduction of pedunculopontine cholinergic neurons in early stages of parkinsonism in middle-aged rats. Exp Gerontol 2020; 145:111198. [PMID: 33310153 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2020.111198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Revised: 11/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of the present study was to investigate balance alterations and the possible role of the cholinergic neurons in the pedunculopontine nucleus (PPN) in the early stages of a progressive animal model of Parkinson's disease (PD). Twenty-eight middle-aged (8-9 months) male Wistar rats received 4 or 10 subcutaneous vehicle (control, CTL) or reserpine (RES) injections (0.1 mg/kg). The animals were submitted to different behavioral tests. Forty-eight hours after the 4th injection, half of the animals of each group (n = 7) were perfused and submitted to immunohistochemical analysis for tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and choline acetyltransferase (ChAT). The remaining animals (n = 7 per group) were killed 48 h after the 10th injection. RES group presented motor deficits in the catalepsy and open field tests starting at days 12 and 20 of treatment, respectively (only for the animals that received 10 injections). On the other hand, dynamic and static balance changes were observed at earlier stages of RES treatment, starting at days 6 and 4, respectively. At this point of the treatment, there was no decrease in the number of TH immunoreactivity neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc), ventral tegmental area (VTA) and dorsal striatum (DS). However, a decrease was observed in SNpc and dorsal striatum of animals that received 10 injections. In contrast, there was a decrease in the number of ChAT immunoreactive cells in PPN concomitantly to the balance alterations at the early stages of treatment (after 4 RES injections). Thus, by mimicking the progressiveness of PD, the reserpine model made it possible to identify static and dynamic balance impairments prior to the motor alterations in the catalepsy and open field tests. In addition, changes in balance were accompanied by a reduction in the number of ChAT immunoreactive cells in NPP in the early stages of treatment.
Collapse
|
7
|
Rodriguez-Perez AI, Garrido-Gil P, Pedrosa MA, Garcia-Garrote M, Valenzuela R, Navarro G, Franco R, Labandeira-Garcia JL. Angiotensin type 2 receptors: Role in aging and neuroinflammation in the substantia nigra. Brain Behav Immun 2020; 87:256-271. [PMID: 31863823 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2019.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2019] [Revised: 11/24/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Overactivity of the angiotensin-type-1 receptor (AT1)/NADPH-oxidase axis enhances aging processes, neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration. The role of AT2 receptors in the above-mentioned AT1-related effects in the aged brain, particularly substantia nigra, was investigated in this study. In the nigra, we observed a progressive decrease in AT2 mRNA expression with aging, and AT2 deletion led to changes in spontaneous motor behavior, dopamine receptors, renin-angiotensin system, and pro-oxidative and pro-inflammatory markers similar to those observed in aged wild type (WT) mice. Both aged WT mice and young AT2 KO mice showed an increased AT1, decreased MAS receptor and increased angiotensinogen mRNA and/or protein expression, as well as upregulation of pro-oxidative and pro-inflammatory markers. In cultures of microglial cells, activation of AT2 receptors inhibited the LPS-induced increase in AT1 mRNA and protein expression and neuroinflammatory markers. Both in AT2 KO microglial cultures and microglia obtained from adult AT2 KO mice, an increase in AT1 mRNA expression was observed. In cultured dopaminergic neurons, AT2 activation down-regulated AT1 mRNA and protein, and dopaminergic neurons from adult AT2 KO mice showed upregulation of AT1 mRNA expression. Both in microglia and dopaminergic neurons the pathway AT2/nitric oxide/cyclic guanosine monophosphate mediates the regulation of the AT1 mRNA and protein expression through downregulation of the Sp1 transcription factor. MAS receptors are also involved in the regulation of AT1 mRNA and protein expression by AT2. The results suggest that an aging-related decrease in AT2 expression plays a major role in the aging-related AT1 overexpression and AT1-related pro-inflammatory pro-oxidative effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana I Rodriguez-Perez
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology of Parkinson's Disease, Research Center for Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS), Dept. of Morphological Sciences, IDIS, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Networking Research Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Spain
| | - Pablo Garrido-Gil
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology of Parkinson's Disease, Research Center for Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS), Dept. of Morphological Sciences, IDIS, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Networking Research Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Spain
| | - Maria A Pedrosa
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology of Parkinson's Disease, Research Center for Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS), Dept. of Morphological Sciences, IDIS, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Networking Research Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Spain
| | - Maria Garcia-Garrote
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology of Parkinson's Disease, Research Center for Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS), Dept. of Morphological Sciences, IDIS, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Networking Research Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Spain
| | - Rita Valenzuela
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology of Parkinson's Disease, Research Center for Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS), Dept. of Morphological Sciences, IDIS, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Networking Research Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Spain
| | - Gemma Navarro
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Networking Research Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Spain
| | - Rafael Franco
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Networking Research Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Spain
| | - Jose L Labandeira-Garcia
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology of Parkinson's Disease, Research Center for Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS), Dept. of Morphological Sciences, IDIS, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Networking Research Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Chen YH, Wang V, Huang EYK, Chou YC, Kuo TT, Olson L, Hoffer BJ. Delayed Dopamine Dysfunction and Motor Deficits in Female Parkinson Model Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20246251. [PMID: 31835787 PMCID: PMC6940785 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20246251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Revised: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
This study analyzed gender differences in the progressive dopamine (DA) deficiency phenotype in the MitoPark (MP) mouse model of Parkinson’s disease (PD) with progressive loss of DA release and reuptake in midbrain DA pathways. We found that the progressive loss of these DA presynaptic parameters begins significantly earlier in male than female MP mice. This was correlated with behavioral gender differences of both forced and spontaneous motor behavior. The degeneration of the nigrostriatal DA system in MP mice is earlier and more marked than that of the mesolimbic DA system, with male MP mice again being more strongly affected than female MP mice. After ovariectomy, DA presynaptic and behavioral changes in female mice become very similar to those of male animals. Our results suggest that estrogen, either directly or indirectly, is neuroprotective in the midbrain DA system. Our results are compatible with epidemiological data on incidence and symptom progression in PD, showing that men are more strongly affected than women at early ages.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Hao Chen
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (Y.-H.C.); (B.J.H.)
| | - Vicki Wang
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan;
| | - Eagle Yi-Kung Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan;
| | - Yu-Ching Chou
- School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan;
| | - Tung-Tai Kuo
- Graduate Institute of Computer and Communication Engineering, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei 10608, Taiwan;
| | - Lars Olson
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden;
| | - Barry J. Hoffer
- Department of Neurosurgery, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
- Correspondence: (Y.-H.C.); (B.J.H.)
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Ross JM, Coppotelli G, Branca RM, Kim KM, Lehtiö J, Sinclair DA, Olson L. Voluntary exercise normalizes the proteomic landscape in muscle and brain and improves the phenotype of progeroid mice. Aging Cell 2019; 18:e13029. [PMID: 31489782 PMCID: PMC6826127 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Revised: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 08/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The accumulation of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutations is a suspected driver of aging and age‐related diseases, but forestalling these changes has been a major challenge. One of the best‐studied models is the prematurely aging mtDNA mutator mouse, which carries a homozygous knock‐in of a proofreading deficient version of the catalytic subunit of mtDNA polymerase‐γ (PolgA). We investigated how voluntary exercise affects the progression of aging phenotypes in this mouse, focusing on mitochondrial and protein homeostasis in both brain and peripheral tissues. Voluntary exercise significantly ameliorated several aspects of the premature aging phenotype, including decreased locomotor activity, alopecia, and kyphosis, but did not have major effects on the decreased lifespan of mtDNA mutator mice. Exercise also decreased the mtDNA mutation load. In‐depth tissue proteomics revealed that exercise normalized the levels of about half the proteins, with the majority involved in mitochondrial function and nuclear–mitochondrial crosstalk. There was also a specific increase in the nuclear‐encoded proteins needed for the tricarboxylic acid cycle and complex II, but not in mitochondrial‐encoded oxidative phosphorylation proteins, as well as normalization of enzymes involved in coenzyme Q biosynthesis. Furthermore, we found tissue‐specific alterations, with brain coping better as compared to muscle and with motor cortex being better protected than striatum, in response to mitochondrial dysfunction. We conclude that voluntary exercise counteracts aging in mtDNA mutator mice by counteracting protein dysregulation in muscle and brain, decreasing the mtDNA mutation burden in muscle, and delaying overt aging phenotypes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jaime M. Ross
- Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicum Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Sweden
- Department of Genetics Blavatnik Institute, Paul F. Glenn Center for Biology of Aging Research at Harvard Medical School Boston MA USA
| | - Giuseppe Coppotelli
- Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicum Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Sweden
- Department of Genetics Blavatnik Institute, Paul F. Glenn Center for Biology of Aging Research at Harvard Medical School Boston MA USA
| | - Rui M. Branca
- Department of Oncology‐Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Sweden
| | - Kyung M. Kim
- Department of Genetics Blavatnik Institute, Paul F. Glenn Center for Biology of Aging Research at Harvard Medical School Boston MA USA
| | - Janne Lehtiö
- Department of Oncology‐Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Sweden
| | - David A. Sinclair
- Department of Genetics Blavatnik Institute, Paul F. Glenn Center for Biology of Aging Research at Harvard Medical School Boston MA USA
| | - Lars Olson
- Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicum Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Sweden
| |
Collapse
|