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Alqahtani WS, Almufareh NA, Al-Johani HA, Alotaibi RK, Juliana CI, Aljarba NH, Alqahtani AS, Almarshedy B, Elasbali AM, Ahmed HG, Almutlaq BA. Oral and Oropharyngeal Cancers and Possible Risk Factors Across Gulf Cooperation Council Countries: A Systematic Review. World J Oncol 2020; 11:173-181. [PMID: 32849958 PMCID: PMC7430852 DOI: 10.14740/wjon1283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In recent years, there is an emerging increase in the prevalence of oral and oropharyngeal cancers (O-OPCs) across the Arabian Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries. Consequently, this review aimed to explore the epidemiology and possible risk factors of O-OPCs in GCC countries. Methods Data published after 2008 related to O-OPCs in GCC countries were obtained through electronic searches in Medline/PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, EMBASE and Google Scholar. Keywords related to the association between O-OPCs metrics (epidemiology and risk factors) and GCC countries were used for electronic searches. Results The overall prevalence of OPCs increased significantly over time (40-51%) in some countries (Saudi Arabia and Arab Emigrated) of the Gulf regions. The pooled risk factor was 3.4 (2.5 - 4.7). Among the risk factors, human papillomavirus and the use of smoke and smokeless tobacco revealed odds ratio (OR) 3.31 (3.13 - 4.5) and 0.60 (0.45 - 0.80) at 95% confidence interval (CI). Conclusion A positive correlation between factors like age, diet, hygiene, genetics, viral and bacterial infection, consumption of alcohol and tobacco products with OPC-MFC is suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nawaf Abdulrahman Almufareh
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry and Preventive Dental Sciences, Riyadh Elm University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Halah A Al-Johani
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Taibah University, Madina, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rasil Khaled Alotaibi
- College of Dentistry, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Nada Hamad Aljarba
- Department of Biology, College of Science. Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | - Abdelbaset Mohamed Elasbali
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Qurayyat, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hussain Gadelkarim Ahmed
- College of Medicine, University of Hail, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Histopathology and Cytology, FMLS, University of Khartoum, Sudan
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Filippini T, Malavolti M, Borrelli F, Izzo AA, Fairweather-Tait SJ, Horneber M, Vinceti M. Green tea (Camellia sinensis) for the prevention of cancer. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2020; 3:CD005004. [PMID: 32118296 PMCID: PMC7059963 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd005004.pub3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This review is an update of a previously published review in the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (2009, Issue 3).Tea is one of the most commonly consumed beverages worldwide. Teas from the plant Camellia sinensis can be grouped into green, black and oolong tea, and drinking habits vary cross-culturally. C sinensis contains polyphenols, one subgroup being catechins. Catechins are powerful antioxidants, and laboratory studies have suggested that these compounds may inhibit cancer cell proliferation. Some experimental and nonexperimental epidemiological studies have suggested that green tea may have cancer-preventative effects. OBJECTIVES To assess possible associations between green tea consumption and the risk of cancer incidence and mortality as primary outcomes, and safety data and quality of life as secondary outcomes. SEARCH METHODS We searched eligible studies up to January 2019 in CENTRAL, MEDLINE, Embase, ClinicalTrials.gov, and reference lists of previous reviews and included studies. SELECTION CRITERIA We included all epidemiological studies, experimental (i.e. randomised controlled trials (RCTs)) and nonexperimental (non-randomised studies, i.e. observational studies with both cohort and case-control design) that investigated the association of green tea consumption with cancer risk or quality of life, or both. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS Two or more review authors independently applied the study criteria, extracted data and assessed methodological quality of studies. We summarised the results according to diagnosis of cancer type. MAIN RESULTS In this review update, we included in total 142 completed studies (11 experimental and 131 nonexperimental) and two ongoing studies. This is an additional 10 experimental and 85 nonexperimental studies from those included in the previous version of the review. Eleven experimental studies allocated a total of 1795 participants to either green tea extract or placebo, all demonstrating an overall high methodological quality based on 'Risk of bias' assessment. For incident prostate cancer, the summary risk ratio (RR) in the green tea-supplemented participants was 0.50 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.18 to 1.36), based on three studies and involving 201 participants (low-certainty evidence). The summary RR for gynaecological cancer was 1.50 (95% CI 0.41 to 5.48; 2 studies, 1157 participants; low-certainty evidence). No evidence of effect of non-melanoma skin cancer emerged (summary RR 1.00, 95% CI 0.06 to 15.92; 1 study, 1075 participants; low-certainty evidence). In addition, adverse effects of green tea extract intake were reported, including gastrointestinal disorders, elevation of liver enzymes, and, more rarely, insomnia, raised blood pressure and skin/subcutaneous reactions. Consumption of green tea extracts induced a slight improvement in quality of life, compared with placebo, based on three experimental studies. In nonexperimental studies, we included over 1,100,000 participants from 46 cohort studies and 85 case-control studies, which were on average of intermediate to high methodological quality based on Newcastle-Ottawa Scale 'Risk of bias' assessment. When comparing the highest intake of green tea with the lowest, we found a lower overall cancer incidence (summary RR 0.83, 95% CI 0.65 to 1.07), based on three studies, involving 52,479 participants (low-certainty evidence). Conversely, we found no association between green tea consumption and cancer-related mortality (summary RR 0.99, 95% CI 0.91 to 1.07), based on eight studies and 504,366 participants (low-certainty evidence). For most of the site-specific cancers we observed a decreased RR in the highest category of green tea consumption compared with the lowest one. After stratifying the analysis according to study design, we found strongly conflicting results for some cancer sites: oesophageal, prostate and urinary tract cancer, and leukaemia showed an increased RR in cohort studies and a decreased RR or no difference in case-control studies. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS Overall, findings from experimental and nonexperimental epidemiological studies yielded inconsistent results, thus providing limited evidence for the beneficial effect of green tea consumption on the overall risk of cancer or on specific cancer sites. Some evidence of a beneficial effect of green tea at some cancer sites emerged from the RCTs and from case-control studies, but their methodological limitations, such as the low number and size of the studies, and the inconsistencies with the results of cohort studies, limit the interpretability of the RR estimates. The studies also indicated the occurrence of several side effects associated with high intakes of green tea. In addition, the majority of included studies were carried out in Asian populations characterised by a high intake of green tea, thus limiting the generalisability of the findings to other populations. Well conducted and adequately powered RCTs would be needed to draw conclusions on the possible beneficial effects of green tea consumption on cancer risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tommaso Filippini
- University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Research Center in Environmental, Nutritional and Genetic Epidemiology (CREAGEN), Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, Via Campi 287, Modena, Italy, 41125
| | - Marcella Malavolti
- University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Research Center in Environmental, Nutritional and Genetic Epidemiology (CREAGEN), Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, Via Campi 287, Modena, Italy, 41125
| | - Francesca Borrelli
- University of Naples 'Federico II', Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, Via D Montesano 49, Naples, Italy, 80131
| | - Angelo A Izzo
- University of Naples 'Federico II', Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, Via D Montesano 49, Naples, Italy, 80131
| | | | - Markus Horneber
- Paracelsus Medical University, Klinikum Nuremberg, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Oncology and Hematology, Prof.-Ernst-Nathan-Str. 1, Nuremberg, Germany, D-90419
| | - Marco Vinceti
- University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Research Center in Environmental, Nutritional and Genetic Epidemiology (CREAGEN), Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, Via Campi 287, Modena, Italy, 41125
- Boston University School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, 715 Albany Street, Boston, USA, MA 02118
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Wimardhani YS, Warnakulasuriya S, Subita GP, Soegyanto AI, Pradono SA, Patoni N. Public awareness of oral cancer among adults in Jakarta, Indonesia. JOURNAL OF INVESTIGATIVE AND CLINICAL DENTISTRY 2019; 10:e12379. [PMID: 30499194 DOI: 10.1111/jicd.12379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2018] [Accepted: 09/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
AIM The aim of the present study was to investigate the awareness of oral cancer among adults in Jakarta, Indonesia, and explore the factors influencing it. METHODS A previously-tested questionnaire on 1000 adults in Jakarta was used in the present study. The data included sociodemographic factors and answers to assess the awareness of oral cancer, early signs and symptoms, risks factors, lifestyles, and history of dental visits. RESULTS Only 53.2% of participants were aware of oral cancer. The level of awareness significantly differed by level of education, occupation, and experience of dental visits. Only 30% of patients had been asked about their tobacco and alcohol habits, and had been informed about the hazards of these by their dentists. All of the smokers knew that tobacco increased the risk for oral cancer. However, only a few participants considered alcohol, betel quid chewing, UV light exposure, poor diet, and genetics to play role in the development of oral cancer. Health warnings were the main source of information about oral cancer; the role of health professionals is still quite low and needs to be emphasized. CONCLUSION Oral cancer awareness is still low among adults in Jakarta; this finding was consistent with other studies conducted in Asia. Educational material suited to particular communities is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuniardini S Wimardhani
- Department of Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Saman Warnakulasuriya
- Department of Oral Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
- World Health Organization Collaborating Centre for Oral Cancer, London, UK
| | - Gus P Subita
- Department of Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Anandina I Soegyanto
- Department of Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Siti A Pradono
- Department of Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Nurfianti Patoni
- Oral Medicine Residency Program, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
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Amarasinghe AAHK, Usgodaarachchi US, Johnson NW, Warnakulasuriya S. High Prevalence of Lifestyle Factors Attributable for Oral Cancer, and of Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders in Rural
Sri Lanka. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2018; 19:2485-2492. [PMID: 30256041 PMCID: PMC6249476 DOI: 10.22034/apjcp.2018.19.9.2485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Oral Cancer is a major public health problem in most of the South East Asian countries including Sri Lanka. Use of tobacco in the form of smokeless tobacco and smoking, use of alcohol and betel quid chewing are the major contributory factors for causation oral cancer. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of lifestyle factors responsible for causation of oral cancer and Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders (OPMD) in the Sabaragamuwa province of Sri Lanka. Methods: A cross-sectional community based study was conducted in Sabaragamuwa province by interviewing, then conducting an oral examination, on 1029 subjects over 30 years of age, over a one year period from November 2006. The study protocol included an interviewer-administered questionnaire to gather socio-demographic factors, recording of habits that included areca/betel chewing, smoking, and alcohol consumption. A three-day food diary was obtained, particularly to assess the consumption of tea, fruits and vegetables. The weight and height of residents was taken for calculation of Body Mass Index (BMI). Results: One hundred and two individuals with one or more OPMD were detected among these 1029 subjects. The prevalence of OPMD, weighted according to the estate sector and gender, was estimated as 11.3%. The prevalence of daily betel quid chewing in this study was 53.8%: 15.7% without tobacco and 47.4% with tobacco. The prevalence of individuals who reported consumption of alcohol at least weekly was 13.4%. A significant minority, 31.7%, were under nourished, with a BMI < 18.5. Forty six percent of the males practiced combined habits of betel quid chewing, smoking and regular use of alcohol. Conclusions: This study discloses high prevalence of OPMD and of lifestyle factors for oral cancer in these communities. There is an urgent need for a comprehensive strategy to control the use of tobacco, betel quid chewing and alcohol for prevention of oral cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- A A H K Amarasinghe
- Institute of Oral Health, Maharagama, Sri Lanka.,Menzies Health Institute Queensland and School of Dentistry and Oral Health, Griffith University, QLD 4222, Australia.
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Almiron-Roig E, Aitken A, Galloway C, Ellahi B. Dietary assessment in minority ethnic groups: a systematic review of instruments for portion-size estimation in the United Kingdom. Nutr Rev 2017; 75:188-213. [PMID: 28340101 PMCID: PMC5410991 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuw058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Context Dietary assessment in minority ethnic groups is critical for surveillance programs and for implementing effective interventions. A major challenge is the accurate estimation of portion sizes for traditional foods and dishes. Objective The aim of this systematic review was to assess records published up to 2014 describing a portion-size estimation element (PSEE) applicable to the dietary assessment of UK-residing ethnic minorities. Data sources, selection, and extraction Electronic databases, internet sites, and theses repositories were searched, generating 5683 titles, from which 57 eligible full-text records were reviewed. Data analysis Forty-two publications about minority ethnic groups (n = 20) or autochthonous populations (n = 22) were included. The most common PSEEs (47%) were combination tools (eg, food models and portion-size lists), followed by portion-size lists in questionnaires/guides (19%) and image-based and volumetric tools (17% each). Only 17% of PSEEs had been validated against weighed data. Conclusions When developing ethnic-specific dietary assessment tools, it is important to consider customary portion sizes by sex and age, traditional household utensil usage, and population literacy levels. Combining multiple PSEEs may increase accuracy, but such methods require validation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Almiron-Roig
- E. Almiron-Roig is with the MRC Elsie Widdowson Laboratory, Cambridge, United Kingdom, and the Centre for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain. C. Galloway was formerly with MRC Elsie Widdowson Laboratory, Cambridge, United Kingdom, and is presently with the Behaviour and Health Research Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom. A. Aitken and B. Ellahi are with the Faculty of Health and Social Care, University of Chester, Chester, United Kingdom
| | - Amanda Aitken
- E. Almiron-Roig is with the MRC Elsie Widdowson Laboratory, Cambridge, United Kingdom, and the Centre for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain. C. Galloway was formerly with MRC Elsie Widdowson Laboratory, Cambridge, United Kingdom, and is presently with the Behaviour and Health Research Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom. A. Aitken and B. Ellahi are with the Faculty of Health and Social Care, University of Chester, Chester, United Kingdom
| | - Catherine Galloway
- E. Almiron-Roig is with the MRC Elsie Widdowson Laboratory, Cambridge, United Kingdom, and the Centre for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain. C. Galloway was formerly with MRC Elsie Widdowson Laboratory, Cambridge, United Kingdom, and is presently with the Behaviour and Health Research Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom. A. Aitken and B. Ellahi are with the Faculty of Health and Social Care, University of Chester, Chester, United Kingdom
| | - Basma Ellahi
- E. Almiron-Roig is with the MRC Elsie Widdowson Laboratory, Cambridge, United Kingdom, and the Centre for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain. C. Galloway was formerly with MRC Elsie Widdowson Laboratory, Cambridge, United Kingdom, and is presently with the Behaviour and Health Research Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom. A. Aitken and B. Ellahi are with the Faculty of Health and Social Care, University of Chester, Chester, United Kingdom
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Dost F, Do L, Farah CS. Knowledge of oral cancer risk factors amongst high-risk Australians: findings from the LESIONS programme. Aust Dent J 2016; 61:432-439. [DOI: 10.1111/adj.12408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- F Dost
- The University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research; Herston Queensland Australia
| | - L Do
- Australian Research Centre for Population Oral Health; The University of Adelaide; Adelaide South Australia Australia
| | - CS Farah
- The University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research; Herston Queensland Australia
- School of Dentistry; The University of Western Australia; Nedlands Western Australia Australia
- Australian Centre for Oral Oncology Research and Education; Nedlands Western Australia Australia
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Dost F, Do L, Farah CS. Lesion Evaluation, Screening and Identification of Oral Neoplasia Study: an assessment of high-risk Australian populations. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 2015; 44:64-75. [DOI: 10.1111/cdoe.12191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2015] [Accepted: 07/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fatima Dost
- The University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research; Herston Qld Australia
| | - Loc Do
- Australian Research Centre for Population Oral Health; The University of Adelaide; Adelaide SA Australia
| | - Camile S. Farah
- The University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research; Herston Qld Australia
- School of Dentistry; Australian Centre for Oral Oncology Research & Education; The University of Western Australia; Nedlands WA Australia
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