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Huanel OR, Montecinos AE, Sepúlveda-Espinoza F, Guillemin ML. Impact of persistent barrier to gene flow and catastrophic events on red algae evolutionary history along the Chilean coast. Front Genet 2024; 15:1336427. [PMID: 38525243 PMCID: PMC10957783 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2024.1336427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Historical vicariance events, linked to the existence of stable physical barriers to gene flow, generate concordant genetic breaks in co-distributed species while stochastic processes (e.g., costal uplift) could cause species-specific genetic breaks as a result of local strong demographic bottlenecks or extinction. In Chile, previous studies show that the area of the 30°S-33°S could correspond to a stable barrier to gene flow that have affected the genetic structure of various algae and marine invertebrates. Here we sequenced two organellar genes (COI and rbcL) in four taxonomically accepted co-distributed red seaweeds species characterized by a low dispersal potential: Mazzaella laminarioides, M. membranacea, Asterfilopsis disciplinalis, and Ahnfeltiopsis vermicularis. Our results revealed the existence of ten strongly differentiated linages in the taxa studied. Strong genetic breaks, concordant in both space and time (divergence estimated to have occurred some 2.9-12.4 million years ago), were observed between taxa distributed across the 33°S. Conversely, in the Central/South part of the Chilean coast, the localization of the genetic breaks/sub-structure observed varied widely (36°S, 38°S, 39°S, and 40°S). These results suggest that a major historical vicariance event has modeled the genetic structure of several Chilean marine organisms in the north of the Chilean coast during the mid-Miocene, while more recent stochastic events and genetic drift could be the driving forces of genetic divergence/structuration in the central-southern part of the coast.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oscar R. Huanel
- Núcleo Milenio MASH, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- IRL 3614 Evolutionary Biology and Ecology of Algae, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Sorbonne Université, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Universidad Austral de Chile, Station Biologique, Roscoff, France
- GEMA Center for Genomics, Ecology and Environment, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
| | - Alejandro E. Montecinos
- Instituto de Ciencias Ambientales y Evolutivas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Francisco Sepúlveda-Espinoza
- Instituto de Ciencias Ambientales y Evolutivas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Marie-Laure Guillemin
- IRL 3614 Evolutionary Biology and Ecology of Algae, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Sorbonne Université, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Universidad Austral de Chile, Station Biologique, Roscoff, France
- Instituto de Ciencias Ambientales y Evolutivas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
- Núcleo Milenio MASH, Instituto de Ciencias Ambientales y Evolutivas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
- Centro FONDAP de Investigación de Ecosistemas Marinos de Altas Latitudes (IDEAL), Valdivia, Chile
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Vásquez C, Vera-Escalona I, Brante A, Silva F, Hernández-Miranda E. Natural mega disturbances drive spatial and temporal changes in diversity and genetic structure on the toadfish Aphos porosus. Sci Rep 2023; 13:13902. [PMID: 37626080 PMCID: PMC10457337 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-40698-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Natural disturbances can modify extinction-colonization dynamics, driving changes in the genetic diversity and structure of marine populations. Along Chilean coast (36°S, 73°W), a strong hypoxic-upwelling event in 2008, and a mega earthquake-tsunami in 2010 caused mass mortality within the Aphos porosus population, which is a vulnerable species with low dispersal potential. We evaluated the effects of these two major disturbances on the diversity and spatial-temporal genetic structure of Aphos porosus in two neighboring areas that were impacted on different levels (High level: Coliumo Bay; Low level: Itata Shelf). Thirteen microsatellites (from 2008 to 2015) amplified in individuals collected from both locations were used to evaluate the effects of the two disturbances. Results showed that after the strong hypoxic-upwelling event and the mega earthquake-tsunami, Aphos porosus populations exhibited lower genetic diversity and less effective population sizes (Ne < 20), as well as asymmetries in migration and spatial-temporal genetic structure. These findings suggest a rise in extinction-recolonization dynamics in local Aphos porosus populations after the disturbances, which led to a loss of local genetic diversity (mainly in Coliumo Bay area impacted the most), and to greater spatial-temporal genetic structure caused by drift and gene flow. Our results suggest that continuous genetic monitoring is needed in order to assess potential risks for Aphos porosus in light of new natural and anthropogenic disturbances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia Vásquez
- Interdisciplinary Center for Aquaculture Research (INCAR), Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
- Programa de Doctorado en Sistemática y Biodiversidad, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Oceanográficas, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Iván Vera-Escalona
- Departamento de Ecología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Antonio Brante
- Departamento de Ecología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción, Concepción, Chile
- Center for Research on Biodiversity and Sustainable Environments (CIBAS), Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción, Concepción, Chile
- Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Mención en Biodiversidad y Biorecursos, Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Francisco Silva
- Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Mención en Biodiversidad y Biorecursos, Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Eduardo Hernández-Miranda
- Interdisciplinary Center for Aquaculture Research (INCAR), Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile.
- Departamento de Ecología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción, Concepción, Chile.
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Ecosistemas Acuáticos (LInEA), Concepción, Chile.
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Vaux F, Fraser CI, Craw D, Read S, Waters JM. Integrating kelp genomic analyses and geological data to reveal ancient earthquake impacts. J R Soc Interface 2023; 20:20230105. [PMID: 37194268 PMCID: PMC10189309 DOI: 10.1098/rsif.2023.0105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Detached buoyant kelp can disperse thousands of kilometres at sea and can colonize newly available shores in the wake of disturbances that wipe out competitors. Localized earthquake uplift can cause extirpation of intertidal kelp populations followed by recolonization. Sources of recolonizing kelp can be detectable in genomic structure of contemporary populations. Our field observations combined with LiDAR mapping identified a previously unrecognized zone of uplifted rocky coastline in a region that is slowly subsiding. Intertidal kelp (Durvillaea antarctica) on the uplifted section of coast is genetically distinctive from nearby populations, with genomic signatures most similar to that of kelp 300 km to the south. Genetic divergence between these locations suggests reproductive isolation for thousands of years. Combined geological and genetic data suggest that this uplift event occurred during one of four major earthquakes between 6000 and 2000 years ago, with one of the younger events most likely. Extirpation of the pre-existing kelp required sudden uplift of approximately 2 metres, precluding several small incremental uplift events. Our results show the power of integrating biological (genomic) analyses with geological data to understand ancient geological processes and their ecological impacts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix Vaux
- Department of Zoology, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| | - Ceridwen I. Fraser
- Department of Marine Science, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| | - Dave Craw
- Department of Geology, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| | - Stephen Read
- Department of Geology, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| | - Jonathan M. Waters
- Department of Zoology, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
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Vaux F, Parvizi E, Craw D, Fraser CI, Waters J. Parallel recolonizations generate distinct genomic sectors in kelp following high-magnitude earthquake disturbance. Mol Ecol 2022; 31:4818-4831. [PMID: 35582778 PMCID: PMC9540901 DOI: 10.1111/mec.16535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Large-scale disturbance events have the potential to drastically reshape biodiversity patterns. Notably, newly vacant habitat space cleared by disturbance can be colonized by multiple lineages, which can lead to the evolution of distinct spatial "sectors" of genetic diversity within a species. We test for disturbance-driven sectoring of genetic diversity in intertidal southern bull kelp, Durvillaea antarctica (Chamisso) Hariot, following the high-magnitude 1855 Wairarapa earthquake in New Zealand. Specifically, we use genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) to analyse fine-scale population structure across the uplift zone and apply machine learning to assess the fit of alternative recolonizaton models. Our analysis reveals that specimens from the uplift zone carry distinctive genomic signatures potentially linked to post-earthquake recolonization processes. Specifically, our analysis identifies two parapatric spatial-genomic sectors of D. antarctica at Turakirae Head, which experienced the most dramatic uplift. Based on phylogeographical modelling, we infer that bull kelp in the Wellington region was probably a source for recolonization of the heavily uplifted Turakirae Head coastline, via two parallel, eastward recolonization events. By identifying multiple parapatric genotypic sectors within a recently recolonized coastal region, the current study provides support for the hypothesis that competing lineage expansions can generate striking spatial structuring of genetic diversity, even in highly dispersive taxa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix Vaux
- Department of ZoologyUniversity of OtagoDunedinNew Zealand
| | - Elahe Parvizi
- Department of ZoologyUniversity of OtagoDunedinNew Zealand
| | - Dave Craw
- Department of GeologyUniversity of OtagoDunedinNew Zealand
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Thomsen MS, Mondardini L, Thoral F, Gerber D, Montie S, South PM, Tait L, Orchard S, Alestra T, Schiel DR. Cascading impacts of earthquakes and extreme heatwaves have destroyed populations of an iconic marine foundation species. DIVERS DISTRIB 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/ddi.13407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mads S. Thomsen
- Marine Ecology Research Group Centre for Integrative Ecology School of Biological Sciences University of Canterbury Christchurch New Zealand
- Department of Bioscience Aarhus University Roskilde Denmark
| | - Luca Mondardini
- Marine Ecology Research Group Centre for Integrative Ecology School of Biological Sciences University of Canterbury Christchurch New Zealand
| | - François Thoral
- Marine Ecology Research Group Centre for Integrative Ecology School of Biological Sciences University of Canterbury Christchurch New Zealand
| | - Derek Gerber
- Marine Ecology Research Group Centre for Integrative Ecology School of Biological Sciences University of Canterbury Christchurch New Zealand
| | - Shinae Montie
- Marine Ecology Research Group Centre for Integrative Ecology School of Biological Sciences University of Canterbury Christchurch New Zealand
| | | | | | - Shane Orchard
- Marine Ecology Research Group Centre for Integrative Ecology School of Biological Sciences University of Canterbury Christchurch New Zealand
| | - Tommaso Alestra
- Marine Ecology Research Group Centre for Integrative Ecology School of Biological Sciences University of Canterbury Christchurch New Zealand
| | - David R. Schiel
- Marine Ecology Research Group Centre for Integrative Ecology School of Biological Sciences University of Canterbury Christchurch New Zealand
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