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Kono H, Furuya S, Akaike H, Shoda K, Kawaguchi Y, Amemiya H, Kawaida H, Ichikawa D. Rikkunshito increases peripheral incretin-hormone levels in humans and rats. World J Methodol 2024; 14:88518. [PMID: 38577198 PMCID: PMC10989408 DOI: 10.5662/wjm.v14.i1.88518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It was reported that rikkunshito (TJ-43) improved the cisplatin-induced decreases in the active form of ghrelin in plasma; however, other effects on gastrointestinal hormones have not been investigated. AIM To investigate the effects of TJ-43 on peripheral levels of incretin hormones, including gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP) and glucagon-like polypeptide-1 (GLP-1), in humans and rats. METHODS Patients were divided into two groups, namely patients who received TJ-43 immediately following surgery [TJ-43(+) group] and those who received TJ-43 on postoperative day 21 [TJ-43(-) group], and the plasma levels of active GIP and active GLP-1 were assessed. In animal experiments, rats were treated with TJ-43 [rat (r)TJ-43(+) group] or without [rTJ-43(-) group] by gavage for 4 wk, and the plasma active GIP and active GLP-1 levels were measured. The expression of incretin hormones in the gastrointestinal tract and insulin in the pancreas were investigated by immunohistochemistry. Furthermore, the cyclic adenosine monophosphate activities were assessed in pancreatic tissues from rats treated with or without TJ-43 in vivo, and the blood glucose levels and plasma insulin levels were measured in rats treated with or without TJ-43 in oral glucose tolerance tests. RESULTS In humans, the active incretin hormone levels increased, and values were significantly greater in the TJ-43(+) group compared those in the TJ-43(-) group. In rats, the plasma active incretin levels significantly increased in the rTJ-43(+) group compared with those in the rTJ-43(-) group. GIP and GLP-1 expressions were enhanced by TJ-43 treatment. Moreover, plasma insulin levels increased and blood glucose levels were blunted in the rTJ-43(+) group. CONCLUSION The results show that TJ-43 may be beneficial for patients who undergo pancreatic surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Kono
- The First Department of Surgery, University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Yamanashi 409-3898, Japan
| | - Shinji Furuya
- The First Department of Surgery, University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Yamanashi 409-3898, Japan
| | - Hidenori Akaike
- The First Department of Surgery, University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Yamanashi 409-3898, Japan
| | - Katsutoshi Shoda
- The First Department of Surgery, University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Yamanashi 409-3898, Japan
| | - Yoshihiko Kawaguchi
- The First Department of Surgery, University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Yamanashi 409-3898, Japan
| | - Hidetake Amemiya
- The First Department of Surgery, University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Yamanashi 409-3898, Japan
| | - Hiromichi Kawaida
- The First Department of Surgery, University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Yamanashi 409-3898, Japan
| | - Daisuke Ichikawa
- The First Department of Surgery, University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Yamanashi 409-3898, Japan
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Sun L, Wang Z, Liu Z, Mu G, Cui Y, Xiang Q. C-type lectin-like receptor 2: roles and drug target. Thromb J 2024; 22:27. [PMID: 38504248 PMCID: PMC10949654 DOI: 10.1186/s12959-024-00594-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
C-type lectin-like receptor-2 (CLEC-2) is a member of the C-type lectin superfamily of cell surface receptors. The first confirmed endogenous and exogenous ligands of CLEC-2 are podoplanin and rhodocytin, respectively. CLEC-2 is expressed on the surface of platelets, which participates in platelet activation and aggregation by binding with its ligands. CLEC-2 and its ligands are involved in pathophysiological processes, such as atherosclerosis, cancer, inflammatory thrombus status, maintenance of vascular wall integrity, and cancer-related thrombosis. In the last 5 years, different anti- podoplanin antibody types have been developed for the treatment of cancers, such as glioblastoma and lung cancer. New tests and new diagnostics targeting CLEC-2 are also discussed. CLEC-2 mediates thrombosis in various pathological states, but CLEC-2-specific deletion does not affect normal hemostasis, which would provide a new therapeutic tool for many thromboembolic diseases. The CLEC-2-podoplanin interaction is a target for cancer treatment. CLEC-2 may be applied in clinical practice and play a therapeutic role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Sun
- Department of Pharmacy, Peking University First Hospital, No. 6, Da Hong Luo Chang Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100034, China
- Department of Pharmacy Administration and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Zhe Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Peking University First Hospital, No. 6, Da Hong Luo Chang Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100034, China
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiyan Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Peking University First Hospital, No. 6, Da Hong Luo Chang Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100034, China
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Guangyan Mu
- Department of Pharmacy, Peking University First Hospital, No. 6, Da Hong Luo Chang Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100034, China
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yimin Cui
- Department of Pharmacy, Peking University First Hospital, No. 6, Da Hong Luo Chang Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100034, China
- Department of Pharmacy Administration and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Qian Xiang
- Department of Pharmacy, Peking University First Hospital, No. 6, Da Hong Luo Chang Street, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100034, China.
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Peking University, Beijing, China.
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Oh KK, Choi I, Gupta H, Raja G, Sharma SP, Won SM, Jeong JJ, Lee SB, Cha MG, Kwon GH, Jeong MK, Min BH, Hyun JY, Eom JA, Park HJ, Yoon SJ, Choi MR, Kim DJ, Suk KT. New insight into gut microbiota-derived metabolites to enhance liver regeneration via network pharmacology study. ARTIFICIAL CELLS, NANOMEDICINE, AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2023; 51:1-12. [PMID: 36562095 DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2022.2155661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
We intended to identify favourable metabolite(s) and pharmacological mechanism(s) of gut microbiota (GM) for liver regeneration (LR) through network pharmacology. We utilized the gutMGene database to obtain metabolites of GM, and targets associated with metabolites as well as LR-related targets were identified using public databases. Furthermore, we performed a molecular docking assay on the active metabolite(s) and target(s) to verify the network pharmacological concept. We mined a total of 208 metabolites in the gutMGene database and selected 668 targets from the SEA (1,256 targets) and STP (947 targets) databases. Finally, 13 targets were identified between 61 targets and the gutMGene database (243 targets). Protein-protein interaction network analysis showed that AKT1 is a hub target correlated with 12 additional targets. In this study, we describe the potential microbe from the microbiota (E. coli), chemokine signalling pathway, AKT1 and myricetin that accelerate LR, providing scientific evidence for further clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ki-Kwang Oh
- Hallym University College of Medicine, Institute for Liver and Digestive Diseases, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Ickwon Choi
- Hallym University College of Medicine, Institute for Liver and Digestive Diseases, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Haripriya Gupta
- Hallym University College of Medicine, Institute for Liver and Digestive Diseases, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Ganesan Raja
- Hallym University College of Medicine, Institute for Liver and Digestive Diseases, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Satya Priya Sharma
- Hallym University College of Medicine, Institute for Liver and Digestive Diseases, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Sung-Min Won
- Hallym University College of Medicine, Institute for Liver and Digestive Diseases, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Jin-Ju Jeong
- Hallym University College of Medicine, Institute for Liver and Digestive Diseases, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Su-Been Lee
- Hallym University College of Medicine, Institute for Liver and Digestive Diseases, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Min-Gi Cha
- Hallym University College of Medicine, Institute for Liver and Digestive Diseases, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Goo-Hyun Kwon
- Hallym University College of Medicine, Institute for Liver and Digestive Diseases, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Min-Kyo Jeong
- Hallym University College of Medicine, Institute for Liver and Digestive Diseases, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Byeong-Hyun Min
- Hallym University College of Medicine, Institute for Liver and Digestive Diseases, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Ji-Ye Hyun
- Hallym University College of Medicine, Institute for Liver and Digestive Diseases, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Jung-A Eom
- Hallym University College of Medicine, Institute for Liver and Digestive Diseases, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Hee-Jin Park
- Hallym University College of Medicine, Institute for Liver and Digestive Diseases, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Sang-Jun Yoon
- Hallym University College of Medicine, Institute for Liver and Digestive Diseases, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Mi-Ran Choi
- Hallym University College of Medicine, Institute for Liver and Digestive Diseases, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Dong Joon Kim
- Hallym University College of Medicine, Institute for Liver and Digestive Diseases, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Ki-Tae Suk
- Hallym University College of Medicine, Institute for Liver and Digestive Diseases, Chuncheon, Korea
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Starlinger P, Brunnthaler L, Watkins R, Pereyra D, Stift J, Finsterbusch M, Santol J, Gruenberger T, Assinger A, Smoot R. Tyrosine phosphorylation of YAP-1 in biliary epithelial cells mediates posthepatectomy liver regeneration and is affected by serotonin. J Cell Biochem 2023; 124:687-700. [PMID: 36946436 PMCID: PMC10200759 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.30398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
Experimental data suggested activation of yes-associated protein (YAP-1) as a critical regulator of liver regeneration (LR). Serotonin (5-HT) promotes LR in rodent models and has been proposed to act via YAP-1. How 5-HT affects LR is incompletely understood. A possible mechanism how 5-HT affects human LR was explored. Sixty-one patients were included. Tissue samples prior and 2 h after induction of LR were collected. Circulating levels of 5-HT and osteopontin (OPN) were assessed. YAP-1, its phosphorylation states, cytokeratin 19 (CK-19) and OPN were assessed using immunofluorescence. A mouse model of biliary epithelial cells (BECs) specific deletion of YAP/TAZ was developed. YAP-1 increased as early as 2 h after induction of LR (p = 0.025) predominantly in BECs. BEC specific deletion of YAP/TAZ reduced LR after 70% partial hepatectomy in mice (Ki67%, p < 0.001). SSRI treatment, depleting intra-platelet 5-HT, abolished YAP-1 and OPN induction upon LR. Portal vein 5-HT levels correlated with intrahepatic YAP-1 expression upon LR (R = 0.703, p = 0.035). OPN colocalized with YAP-1 in BECs and its circulating levels increased in the liver vein 2 h after induction of LR (p = 0.017). In the context of LR tyrosine-phosphorylated YAP-1 significantly increased (p = 0.042). Stimulating BECs with 5-HT resulted in increased YAP-1 activation via tyrosine-phosphorylation and subsequently increased OPN expression. BECs YAP-1 appears to be critical for LR in mice and humans. Our evidence suggests that 5-HT, at least in part, exerts its pro-regenerative effects via YAP-1 tyrosine-phosphorylation in BECs and subsequent OPN-dependent paracrine immunomodulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Starlinger
- Department of Surgery, Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Department of Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, General Hospital, Vienna, Austria
| | - Laura Brunnthaler
- Center of Physiology and Pharmacology, Institute of Vascular Biology and Thrombosis Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ryan Watkins
- Department of Surgery, Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - David Pereyra
- Department of Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, General Hospital, Vienna, Austria
| | - Judith Stift
- Clinical Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A-1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Michaela Finsterbusch
- Center of Physiology and Pharmacology, Institute of Vascular Biology and Thrombosis Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Jonas Santol
- Department of Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, General Hospital, Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas Gruenberger
- Department of Surgery, HPB Center, Viennese Health Network, Clinic Favoriten and Sigmund Freud Private University, Vienna, Austria
| | - Alice Assinger
- Center of Physiology and Pharmacology, Institute of Vascular Biology and Thrombosis Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Rory Smoot
- Department of Surgery, Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
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YAN X, Shi JH, Xue JF, Guo WZ, Li B, Zhang SJ. PD-1/PD-L1 inhibition promotes hepatic regeneration in small-for-size liver following extended hepatectomy. Cytokine 2022; 159:156017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2022.156017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Morris SM, Chauhan A. The role of platelet mediated thromboinflammation in acute liver injury. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1037645. [PMID: 36389830 PMCID: PMC9647048 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1037645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute liver injuries have wide and varied etiologies and they occur both in patients with and without pre-existent chronic liver disease. Whilst the pathophysiological mechanisms remain distinct, both acute and acute-on-chronic liver injury is typified by deranged serum transaminase levels and if severe or persistent can result in liver failure manifest by a combination of jaundice, coagulopathy and encephalopathy. It is well established that platelets exhibit diverse functions as immune cells and are active participants in inflammation through processes including immunothrombosis or thromboinflammation. Growing evidence suggests platelets play a dualistic role in liver inflammation, shaping the immune response through direct interactions and release of soluble mediators modulating function of liver sinusoidal endothelial cells, stromal cells as well as migrating and tissue-resident leucocytes. Elucidating the pathways involved in initiation, propagation and resolution of the immune response are of interest to identify therapeutic targets. In this review the provocative role of platelets is outlined, highlighting beneficial and detrimental effects in a spatial, temporal and disease-specific manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean M. Morris
- The Liver Unit, University Hospitals Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Abhishek Chauhan
- The Liver Unit, University Hospitals Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- *Correspondence: Abhishek Chauhan,
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Nakata Y, Kono H, Akazawa Y, Hirayama K, Wakana H, Fukushima H, Sun C, Fujii H. Role of podoplanin and Kupffer cells in liver injury after ischemia-reperfusion in mice. Surg Today 2022; 52:344-353. [PMID: 34568969 DOI: 10.1007/s00595-021-02378-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
AIM To investigate the relationship between the intrahepatic expression of podoplanin (PDPN) and Kupffer cells (KCs) in ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) liver damage. METHODS C57Bl/6 mice were injected with 200 µl of clodronate liposomes (macrophage depletion; MDP group) to deplete KCs or control liposomes (control group) via the ophthalmic vein plexus 24 h prior to ischemia. Animals were subjected to 90 min of partial hepatic ischemia (70%), followed by reperfusion, and were then killed at designated time points. Serum and liver tissues were harvested for further analyses. RESULTS Serum ALT levels, mortality rates, and the percentage of necrotic area in liver sections were significantly higher in the MDP group than in the control group. PDPN was expressed in the lymphatic epithelium, interlobular bile duct epithelium, and in some hepatocytes in each group. Its expression in hepatocytes was down-regulated in the MDP group. The accumulation of platelets in the sinusoid was reduced 6 h after I/R in the MDP group. Tissue HGF and IGF-1 levels decreased in the MDP group. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that KCs play a key role in the activation of platelets through direct contact with PDPN-positive hepatocytes in I/R livers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuuki Nakata
- First Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, 1110 Shimokato, Chuo, Yamanashi, 409-3898, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kono
- First Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, 1110 Shimokato, Chuo, Yamanashi, 409-3898, Japan.
| | - Yoshihiro Akazawa
- First Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, 1110 Shimokato, Chuo, Yamanashi, 409-3898, Japan
| | - Kazuyoshi Hirayama
- First Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, 1110 Shimokato, Chuo, Yamanashi, 409-3898, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Wakana
- First Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, 1110 Shimokato, Chuo, Yamanashi, 409-3898, Japan
| | - Hisataka Fukushima
- First Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, 1110 Shimokato, Chuo, Yamanashi, 409-3898, Japan
| | - Chao Sun
- First Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, 1110 Shimokato, Chuo, Yamanashi, 409-3898, Japan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010030, China
| | - Hideki Fujii
- First Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, 1110 Shimokato, Chuo, Yamanashi, 409-3898, Japan
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Kono H, Hosomura N, Amemiya H, Kawaida H, Furuya S, Akaike H, Kawaguchi Y, Sudo M, Ichikawa D. Cytoglobin as a Prognostic Factor for Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma: A Retrospective Analysis of 75 Patients. Pancreas 2021; 50:994-999. [PMID: 34629450 DOI: 10.1097/mpa.0000000000001871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim was to evaluate the relationship between cytoglobin (Cygb) expression and both clinicopathologic factors and prognosis in patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). METHODS Seventy-five patients with PDAC who underwent pancreatectomy between 2009 and 2014 at our department were included. Diagnosis was based on World Health Organization standards, with staging by TNM classification of Union for International Cancer Control. Expressions of Cygb, phosphoinositide-3 kinase, phosphorylated protein kinase B, interleukin-6, and vascular endothelial growth factor were evaluated by immunohistochemical staining of resected surgical specimens and densitometrical analysis. RESULTS Elevated expression of Cygb was found mainly in carcinoma cells of PDAC. Patients with low expression of Cygb showed significantly shorter disease-free survival and disease-specific survival than those with high expression. There was also a significant negative correlation between Cygb expression and the expressions of phosphoinositide 3-kinase, phosphorylated protein kinase B, interleukin-6, and vascular endothelial growth factor. In univariate analysis, Cygb expression, clinical stage, histologic tumor grade, lymphatic invasion, and vascular invasion were prognostic factors. In multivariate analysis, Cygb expression and the clinical stage were independent prognostic factors. CONCLUSIONS Loss of Cygb may contribute to tumor recurrence and poor prognosis of PDAC by increases in angiogenic factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Kono
- From the First Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, Japan
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Maruyama S, Kono H, Furuya S, Shimizu H, Saito R, Shoda K, Akaike H, Hosomura N, Kawaguchi Y, Amemiya H, Kawaida H, Sudo M, Inoue S, Shirai T, Suzuki-Inoue K, Ichikawa D. Platelet C-Type Lectin-Like Receptor 2 Reduces Cholestatic Liver Injury in Mice. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2020; 190:1833-1842. [PMID: 32473917 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2020.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Revised: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cholestatic liver injury leads to liver dysfunction. The available evidence suggests that platelets can either promote or reduce liver injury and fibrosis. This study focused on the functions of the C-type lectin-like receptor 2 (CLEC-2), a new special platelet receptor that binds with podoplanin-activating platelets. The role of CLEC-2 and podoplanin in cholestatic liver injury was investigated. Mice were injected intraperitoneally with weekly doses of anti-CLEC-2 antibody (2A2B10) to achieve effective CLEC-2 inhibition in their platelets. Next, left and middle hepatic bile duct ligation (BDL) procedures were performed, and mice were euthanized 1 week later (2A2B10-BDL group). In addition, mice were prepared for control groups, and relevant histological and laboratory variables were compared among these groups. The inhibition of CLEC-2 resulted in increasing hepatocellular necrosis, hepatic inflammation, and liver fibrosis. In addition, podoplanin was strongly expressed in hepatic sinusoidal endothelial cells in BDL-treated mice. Moreover, in 2A2B10-BDL mice, total plasma bile acid levels were significantly increased. In summary, podoplanin is expressed on hepatic sinusoidal endothelial cells upon BDL. Platelets bind with podoplanin via CLEC-2 and become activated. As a result, the total bile acid pool is decreased. Therefore, the CLEC-2-podoplanin interaction promotes liver protection and inhibits liver fibrosis after cholestatic liver injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suguru Maruyama
- First Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kono
- First Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Japan.
| | - Shinji Furuya
- First Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Japan
| | - Hiroki Shimizu
- First Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Japan
| | - Ryo Saito
- First Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Japan
| | - Katsutoshi Shoda
- First Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Japan
| | - Hidenori Akaike
- First Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Japan
| | - Naohiro Hosomura
- First Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Japan
| | - Yoshihiko Kawaguchi
- First Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Japan
| | - Hidetake Amemiya
- First Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Japan
| | - Hiromichi Kawaida
- First Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Japan
| | - Makoto Sudo
- First Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Japan
| | - Shingo Inoue
- First Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Shirai
- Department of Clinical and Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Japan
| | - Katsue Suzuki-Inoue
- Department of Clinical and Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Japan
| | - Daisuke Ichikawa
- First Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Japan
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10
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Intercellular crosstalk of hepatic stellate cells in liver fibrosis: New insights into therapy. Pharmacol Res 2020; 155:104720. [PMID: 32092405 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.104720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Revised: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Liver fibrosis is a dynamic wound-healing process characterized by the net accumulation of extracellular matrix. There is no efficient antifibrotic therapy other than liver transplantation to date. Activated hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) are the major cellular source of matrix-producing myofibroblasts, playing a central role in the initiation and progression of liver fibrosis. Paracrine signals from resident and inflammatory cells such as hepatocytes, liver sinusoidal endothelial cells, hepatic macrophages, natural killer/natural killer T cells, biliary epithelial cells, hepatic progenitor cells, and platelets can directly or indirectly regulate HSC differentiation and activation. Intercellular crosstalk between HSCs and those "responded" cells has been a critical event involved in HSC activation and fibrogenesis. This review summarizes recent advancement regarding intercellular communication between HSCs and other "responded cells" during liver fibrosis and experimental models of intercellular crosstalk systems, and provides novel ideas for potential antifibrotic therapeutic strategy.
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11
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Tanaka H, Horioka K, Yamamoto M, Asari M, Okuda K, Yamazaki K, Shimizu K, Ogawa K. Overproduction of thrombopoietin by BRAFV600E-mutated mouse hepatocytes and contribution of thrombopoietin to hepatocarcinogenesis. Cancer Sci 2019; 110:2748-2759. [PMID: 31301081 PMCID: PMC6726687 DOI: 10.1111/cas.14130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2018] [Revised: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 07/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
In hepatocarcinogenesis induced by diethylnitrosamine (DEN) in B6C3F1 mice, the BrafV637E mutation, corresponding to the human BRAFV600E mutation, plays a pivotal role. The livers of transgenic mice with a hepatocyte‐specific human BRAFV600E mutation weighed 4.5 times more than that of normal mice and consisted entirely of hepatocytes, resembling DEN‐induced preneoplastic hepatocytes. However, these transgenic mice spontaneously died 7 wk after birth, therefore this study aimed to clarify the causes of death. In the transgenic mice, the liver showed thrombopoietin (TPO) overexpression, which is associated with eventual megakaryocytosis and thrombocytosis, and activated platelets were deposited in hepatic sinusoids. TPO was also overexpressed in the DEN‐induced hepatic tumors, and sinusoidal platelet deposition was observed in the hepatic tumors of humans and mice. Podoplanin was expressed in some of the Kupffer cells in the liver of the transgenic mice, indicating that platelet activation occurred via the interaction of podoplanin with C‐type lectin receptor 2 (CLEC‐2) on the platelet membrane. Additionally, erythrocyte dyscrasia and glomerulonephropathy/interstitial pneumonia associated with platelet deposition were observed. In the transgenic mice, aspirin (Asp) administration prevented platelet activation, reduced the liver/body weight ratio, decreased the platelet deposition in the liver, kidney, and lung, and prevented erythrocyte dyscrasia and ameliorated the renal/pulmonary changes. Thrombopoietin overproduction by BRAFV600E‐mutated hepatocytes may contribute to hepatocyte proliferation via thrombocytosis, platelet activation, and the interaction of platelets with hepatic sinusoidal cells, while hematologic, renal, and pulmonary disorders due to aberrant platelet activation may lead to spontaneous death in the transgenic mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Tanaka
- Department of Legal Medicine, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan
| | - Kie Horioka
- Department of Legal Medicine, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan
| | - Masahiro Yamamoto
- Department of Molecular Cancer Science, School of Medicine, Yamagata University, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Masaru Asari
- Department of Legal Medicine, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan
| | - Katsuhiro Okuda
- Department of Legal Medicine, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan
| | - Kosuke Yamazaki
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Surgery Area, Japanese Red Cross Hokkaido College of Nursing, Kitamai, Japan
| | - Keiko Shimizu
- Department of Legal Medicine, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan
| | - Katsuhiro Ogawa
- Department of Pathology, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan
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12
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Yang W, Chen Q, Bai L. Data on a novel liver bioscaffold (rDLS) generated from regenerative liver with activated extracellular matrix for functional liver regeneration. Data Brief 2019; 22:349-358. [PMID: 30596131 PMCID: PMC6307342 DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2018.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Accepted: 07/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The data presented in this article are related to the original research article entitled “A novel bioscaffold with naturally-occurring extracellular matrix promotes hepatocyte survival and vessel patency in mouse models of heterologous transplantation” (Yang et al., in press) [1]. This article describes a decellularized liver scaffold (DLS) that derived from partial hepatectomy liver (rDLS) which supported primary hepatocyte survival and promoted blood patency, as compared with a conventional scaffold that generated from naïve liver (nDLS). Analysis by immunochemistry and scanning electron microscope (SEM) showed that the vessel network and extracellular matrix (ECM) components were similar to the nDLS. The rDLS could prevent blood clotting after transplanted it in vivo, identified by immunofluorescence staining for the integrin (αIIb, α4) expression and liver transplantation models (mice, pigs) a formed well-blood petency liver lobules. These data indicate that the novel scaffold (rDLS) with naturally-occurring “activated ECM” that may be useful for the implantation in vivo of a bioengineered organoid that is able to exert function long term without clotting in future clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Yang
- Hepatobiliary Institute, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, No. 30 GaotanYan, ShapingBa District, Chongqing 400038, China.,Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development, Ministry of Education, Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Quanyu Chen
- Hepatobiliary Institute, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, No. 30 GaotanYan, ShapingBa District, Chongqing 400038, China.,Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development, Ministry of Education, Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Lianhua Bai
- Hepatobiliary Institute, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, No. 30 GaotanYan, ShapingBa District, Chongqing 400038, China.,Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development, Ministry of Education, Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China
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Fang Y, Liu C, Shu B, Zhai M, Deng C, He C, Luo M, Han T, Zheng W, Zhang J, Liu S. Axis of serotonin -pERK-YAP in liver regeneration. Life Sci 2018; 209:490-497. [PMID: 30142376 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2018.08.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2018] [Revised: 08/03/2018] [Accepted: 08/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Serotonin and YAP exhibit a vital role in regulating cell proliferation and wound-healing response. The aim of the study was to investigate whether 5-HT could promote liver regeneration by activating YAP. METHODS PH models were established by WT and TPH1-/- mice. ELISA, RT-PCR, western blot, immunohistochemistry, flow cytometry and MTT assay were used to assess the level of 5-HT and YAP and proliferation after PH. RESULTS We found that 5-HT level was lower in the serum and liver of TPH1-/- mice. After PH, TPH1-/- mice, lacking in 5-HT, demonstrated worse regenerative ability and suffered more severe liver injury. Additionally, YAP expression was also lower in TPH1-/- mice. Moreover, we found that YAP expression was prominent within the first three days following PH. Similarly, 5-HT could promote cell proliferation by upregulating YAP expression in L-O2 cells. As predicted, using YAP-siRNA sharply reduced the proliferative capacity mediated by 5-HT. Further study also indicated that ERK participated in the regulation of YAP induced by 5-HT. By using an ERK inhibitor, the YAP expression and cell proliferation induced by 5-HT were both suppressed. Although YAP-siRNA was used to block YAP expression, pERK and ERK expression were not affected. Taken together, these data showed that 5-HT contributed to liver regeneration by regulating YAP expression, which at least in part, was by activation of pERK. CONCLUSION A role of the 5-HT-pERK-YAP axis in liver regeneration emerged from our study and might be a potential target to promote regeneration and injury repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Fang
- Department of General Surgery, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China; Department of General Surgery, Anhui Provincial Hospital, Hefei, Anhui 230031, China
| | - Chun Liu
- Department of General Surgery, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Bo Shu
- Department of General Surgery, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Mimi Zhai
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
| | - Chaolin Deng
- Department of General Surgery, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Chao He
- Department of General Surgery, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Ming Luo
- Department of General Surgery, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Tong Han
- Department of General Surgery, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Wei Zheng
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
| | - Jingyao Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China
| | - Sushun Liu
- Department of General Surgery, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China; Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Shaanxi Province Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710068, China.
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Yang W, Chen Q, Xia R, Zhang Y, Shuai L, Lai J, You X, Jiang Y, Bie P, Zhang L, Zhang H, Bai L. A novel bioscaffold with naturally-occurring extracellular matrix promotes hepatocyte survival and vessel patency in mouse models of heterologous transplantation. Biomaterials 2018; 177:52-66. [PMID: 29885586 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2018.05.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2018] [Revised: 05/14/2018] [Accepted: 05/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Naïve decellularized liver scaffold (nDLS)-based tissue engineering has been impaired by the lack of a suitable extracellular matrix (ECM) to provide "active micro-environmental" support. AIM The present study aimed to examine whether a novel, regenerative DLS (rDLS) with an active ECM improves primary hepatocyte survival and prevents thrombosis. METHODS rDLS was obtained from a 30-55% partial hepatectomy that was maintained in vivo for 3-5 days and then perfused with detergent in vitro. Compared to nDLS generated from normal livers, rDLS possesses bioactive molecules due to the regenerative period in vivo. Primary mouse hepatocyte survival was evaluated by staining for Ki-67 and Trypan blue exclusion. Thrombosis was assessed by immunohistochemistry and ex vivo diluted whole-blood perfusion. Hemocompatibility was determined by near-infrared laser-Doppler flowmetry and heterotopic transplantation. RESULTS After recellularization, rDLS contained more Ki-67-positive primary hepatocytes than nDLS. rDLS had a higher oxygen saturation and blood flow velocity and a lower expression of integrin αIIb and α4 than nDLS. Tumor necrosis factor-α, hepatocyte growth factor, interleukin-10, interleukin-6 and interleukin-1β were highly expressed throughout the rDLS, whereas expression of collagen-I, collagen-IV and thrombopoietin were lower in rDLS than in nDLS. Improved blood vessel patency was observed in rDLS both in vitro and in vivo. The results in mice were confirmed in large animals (pigs). CONCLUSION rDLS is an effective DLS with an "active microenvironment" that supports primary hepatocyte survival and promotes blood vessel patency. This is the first study to demonstrate a rDLS with a blood microvessel network that promotes hepatocyte survival and resists thrombosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Yang
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development, Ministry of Education, Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Beibei, 400715 Chongqing, China; Hepatobiliary Institute, Southwest Hospital, The Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Quanyu Chen
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development, Ministry of Education, Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Beibei, 400715 Chongqing, China; Hepatobiliary Institute, Southwest Hospital, The Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Renpei Xia
- Hepatobiliary Institute, Southwest Hospital, The Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Yujun Zhang
- Hepatobiliary Institute, Southwest Hospital, The Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Ling Shuai
- Hepatobiliary Institute, Southwest Hospital, The Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Jiejuan Lai
- Hepatobiliary Institute, Southwest Hospital, The Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Xiaolin You
- Hepatobiliary Institute, Southwest Hospital, The Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Yan Jiang
- Hepatobiliary Institute, Southwest Hospital, The Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Ping Bie
- Hepatobiliary Institute, Southwest Hospital, The Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Leida Zhang
- Hepatobiliary Institute, Southwest Hospital, The Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China.
| | - Hongyu Zhang
- Hepatobiliary Institute, Southwest Hospital, The Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China.
| | - Lianhua Bai
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development, Ministry of Education, Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Beibei, 400715 Chongqing, China; Hepatobiliary Institute, Southwest Hospital, The Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China.
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