1
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Vélez-Ixta JM, Juárez-Castelán CJ, Ramírez-Sánchez D, Lázaro-Pérez NDS, Castro-Arellano JJ, Romero-Maldonado S, Rico-Arzate E, Hoyo-Vadillo C, Salgado-Mancilla M, Gómez-Cruz CY, Krishnakumar A, Piña-Escobedo A, Benitez-Guerrero T, Pizano-Zárate ML, Cruz-Narváez Y, García-Mena J. Post Natal Microbial and Metabolite Transmission: The Path from Mother to Infant. Nutrients 2024; 16:1990. [PMID: 38999737 PMCID: PMC11243545 DOI: 10.3390/nu16131990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2024] [Revised: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The entero-mammary pathway is a specialized route that selectively translocates bacteria to the newborn's gut, playing a crucial role in neonatal development. Previous studies report shared bacterial and archaeal taxa between human milk and neonatal intestine. However, the functional implications for neonatal development are not fully understood due to limited evidence. This study aimed to identify and characterize the microbiota and metabolome of human milk, mother, and infant stool samples using high-throughput DNA sequencing and FT-ICR MS methodology at delivery and 4 months post-partum. Twenty-one mothers and twenty-five infants were included in this study. Our results on bacterial composition suggest vertical transmission of bacteria through breastfeeding, with major changes occurring during the first 4 months of life. Metabolite chemical characterization sheds light on the growing complexity of the metabolites. Further data integration and network analysis disclosed the interactions between different bacteria and metabolites in the biological system as well as possible unknown pathways. Our findings suggest a shared bacteriome in breastfed mother-neonate pairs, influenced by maternal lifestyle and delivery conditions, serving as probiotic agents in infants for their healthy development. Also, the presence of food biomarkers in infants suggests their origin from breast milk, implying selective vertical transmission of these features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Manuel Vélez-Ixta
- Departamento de Genética y Biología Molecular, Cinvestav, Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional 2508, Mexico City 07360, Mexico
| | - Carmen Josefina Juárez-Castelán
- Departamento de Genética y Biología Molecular, Cinvestav, Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional 2508, Mexico City 07360, Mexico
| | - Daniela Ramírez-Sánchez
- Departamento de Genética y Biología Molecular, Cinvestav, Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional 2508, Mexico City 07360, Mexico
| | - Noemí Del Socorro Lázaro-Pérez
- Departamento de Genética y Biología Molecular, Cinvestav, Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional 2508, Mexico City 07360, Mexico
| | - José Javier Castro-Arellano
- Laboratorio de Posgrado e Investigación de Operaciones Unitarias, Escuela Superior de Ingeniería Química e Industrias Extractivas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City 07738, Mexico
| | - Silvia Romero-Maldonado
- Unidad de Cuidados Intermedios al Recién Nacido, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología, Secretaría de Salud, Mexico City 11000, Mexico
| | - Enrique Rico-Arzate
- Laboratorio de Posgrado e Investigación de Operaciones Unitarias, Escuela Superior de Ingeniería Química e Industrias Extractivas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City 07738, Mexico
| | - Carlos Hoyo-Vadillo
- Departamento de Farmacología, Cinvestav, Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional 2508, Mexico City 07360, Mexico
| | - Marisol Salgado-Mancilla
- Laboratorio de Posgrado e Investigación de Operaciones Unitarias, Escuela Superior de Ingeniería Química e Industrias Extractivas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City 07738, Mexico
| | - Carlos Yamel Gómez-Cruz
- Laboratorio de Posgrado e Investigación de Operaciones Unitarias, Escuela Superior de Ingeniería Química e Industrias Extractivas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City 07738, Mexico
| | - Aparna Krishnakumar
- Departamento de Genética y Biología Molecular, Cinvestav, Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional 2508, Mexico City 07360, Mexico
| | - Alberto Piña-Escobedo
- Departamento de Genética y Biología Molecular, Cinvestav, Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional 2508, Mexico City 07360, Mexico
| | - Tizziani Benitez-Guerrero
- Departamento de Genética y Biología Molecular, Cinvestav, Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional 2508, Mexico City 07360, Mexico
| | - María Luisa Pizano-Zárate
- Coordinación de Nutrición y Bioprogramación, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología, Secretaría de Salud, Mexico City 11000, Mexico
- Unidad de Medicina Familiar No. 4, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City 06720, Mexico
| | - Yair Cruz-Narváez
- Laboratorio de Posgrado e Investigación de Operaciones Unitarias, Escuela Superior de Ingeniería Química e Industrias Extractivas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City 07738, Mexico
| | - Jaime García-Mena
- Departamento de Genética y Biología Molecular, Cinvestav, Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional 2508, Mexico City 07360, Mexico
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2
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Salgado H, Gama-Castro S, Lara P, Mejia-Almonte C, Alarcón-Carranza G, López-Almazo AG, Betancourt-Figueroa F, Peña-Loredo P, Alquicira-Hernández S, Ledezma-Tejeida D, Arizmendi-Zagal L, Mendez-Hernandez F, Diaz-Gomez AK, Ochoa-Praxedis E, Muñiz-Rascado LJ, García-Sotelo JS, Flores-Gallegos FA, Gómez L, Bonavides-Martínez C, del Moral-Chávez VM, Hernández-Alvarez AJ, Santos-Zavaleta A, Capella-Gutierrez S, Gelpi JL, Collado-Vides J. RegulonDB v12.0: a comprehensive resource of transcriptional regulation in E. coli K-12. Nucleic Acids Res 2024; 52:D255-D264. [PMID: 37971353 PMCID: PMC10767902 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkad1072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
RegulonDB is a database that contains the most comprehensive corpus of knowledge of the regulation of transcription initiation of Escherichia coli K-12, including data from both classical molecular biology and high-throughput methodologies. Here, we describe biological advances since our last NAR paper of 2019. We explain the changes to satisfy FAIR requirements. We also present a full reconstruction of the RegulonDB computational infrastructure, which has significantly improved data storage, retrieval and accessibility and thus supports a more intuitive and user-friendly experience. The integration of graphical tools provides clear visual representations of genetic regulation data, facilitating data interpretation and knowledge integration. RegulonDB version 12.0 can be accessed at https://regulondb.ccg.unam.mx.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heladia Salgado
- Centro de Ciencias Genómicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca, Morelos 62210, Mexico
| | - Socorro Gama-Castro
- Centro de Ciencias Genómicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca, Morelos 62210, Mexico
| | - Paloma Lara
- Centro de Ciencias Genómicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca, Morelos 62210, Mexico
| | - Citlalli Mejia-Almonte
- Centro de Ciencias Genómicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca, Morelos 62210, Mexico
| | - Gabriel Alarcón-Carranza
- Centro de Ciencias Genómicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca, Morelos 62210, Mexico
| | - Andrés G López-Almazo
- Centro de Ciencias Genómicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca, Morelos 62210, Mexico
| | - Felipe Betancourt-Figueroa
- Centro de Ciencias Genómicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca, Morelos 62210, Mexico
| | - Pablo Peña-Loredo
- Centro de Ciencias Genómicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca, Morelos 62210, Mexico
| | | | - Daniela Ledezma-Tejeida
- Centro de Ciencias Genómicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca, Morelos 62210, Mexico
| | - Lizeth Arizmendi-Zagal
- Centro de Ciencias Genómicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca, Morelos 62210, Mexico
| | - Francisco Mendez-Hernandez
- Centro de Ciencias Genómicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca, Morelos 62210, Mexico
| | - Ana K Diaz-Gomez
- Centro de Ciencias Genómicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca, Morelos 62210, Mexico
| | - Elizabeth Ochoa-Praxedis
- Centro de Ciencias Genómicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca, Morelos 62210, Mexico
| | - Luis J Muñiz-Rascado
- Centro de Ciencias Genómicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca, Morelos 62210, Mexico
| | - Jair S García-Sotelo
- Laboratorio Internacional de Investigación sobre el Genoma Humano, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Querétaro 76230, Querétaro, Mexico
| | - Fanny A Flores-Gallegos
- Centro de Ciencias Genómicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca, Morelos 62210, Mexico
| | - Laura Gómez
- Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, Periférico Sur 4809, Arenal Tepepan, Tlalpan, 14610 Ciudad de México, Mexico
- Escuela de Medicina, Tecnológico de Monterrey, Campus Ciudad de México, CDMX 14380, Meéxico
| | - César Bonavides-Martínez
- Centro de Ciencias Genómicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca, Morelos 62210, Mexico
| | - Víctor M del Moral-Chávez
- Centro de Ciencias Genómicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca, Morelos 62210, Mexico
| | | | - Alberto Santos-Zavaleta
- Instituto de Energías Renovables, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Temixco, Morelos 62580, Meéxico
| | | | - Josep Lluis Gelpi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine. Univ. of Barcelona. Av. Diagonal 643, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Universitat Pompeu Fabra(UPF), Dr. Aiguader 88, Barcelona, 08003, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Julio Collado-Vides
- Centro de Ciencias Genómicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca, Morelos 62210, Mexico
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Universitat Pompeu Fabra(UPF), Dr. Aiguader 88, Barcelona, 08003, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, 44 Cummington Mall. Boston, MA 02215, USA
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3
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Lassak J, Aveta EF, Vougioukas P, Hellwig M. Non-canonical food sources: bacterial metabolism of Maillard reaction products and its regulation. Curr Opin Microbiol 2023; 76:102393. [PMID: 37844449 DOI: 10.1016/j.mib.2023.102393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
Proteins are an important part of our regular diet. During food processing, their amino acid composition can be chemically altered by the reaction of free amino groups with sugars - a process termed glycation. The resulting Maillard reaction products (MRPs) have low bioavailability and thus predominantly end up in the colon where they encounter our gut microbiota. In the following review, we summarize bacterial strategies to efficiently metabolize these non-canonical amino acids. A particular focus will be on the complex regulatory mechanisms that allow a tightly controlled expression of metabolic genes to successfully occupy the ecological niches that result from the chemical diversity of MRPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jürgen Lassak
- Fakultät für Biologie, Lehrstuhl Mikrobiologie/AG Mikrobielle Biochemie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Großhaderner Str. 2, D-82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany.
| | - Erica F Aveta
- Fakultät für Biologie, Lehrstuhl Mikrobiologie/AG Mikrobielle Biochemie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Großhaderner Str. 2, D-82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Patroklos Vougioukas
- Fakultät Chemie und Lebensmittelchemie, Professur für Spezielle Lebensmittelchemie, Technische Universität Dresden, Bergstraße 66, D-01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Michael Hellwig
- Fakultät Chemie und Lebensmittelchemie, Professur für Spezielle Lebensmittelchemie, Technische Universität Dresden, Bergstraße 66, D-01062 Dresden, Germany.
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4
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Laganenka L, Lee JW, Malfertheiner L, Dieterich CL, Fuchs L, Piel J, von Mering C, Sourjik V, Hardt WD. Chemotaxis and autoinducer-2 signalling mediate colonization and contribute to co-existence of Escherichia coli strains in the murine gut. Nat Microbiol 2023; 8:204-217. [PMID: 36624229 DOI: 10.1038/s41564-022-01286-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Bacteria communicate and coordinate their behaviour at the intra- and interspecies levels by producing and sensing diverse extracellular small molecules called autoinducers. Autoinducer 2 (AI-2) is produced and detected by a variety of bacteria and thus plays an important role in interspecies communication and chemotaxis. Although AI-2 is a major autoinducer molecule present in the mammalian gut and can influence the composition of the murine gut microbiota, its role in bacteria-bacteria and bacteria-host interactions during gut colonization remains unclear. Combining competitive infections in C57BL/6 mice with microscopy and bioinformatic approaches, we show that chemotaxis (cheY) and AI-2 signalling (via lsrB) promote gut colonization by Escherichia coli, which is in turn connected to the ability of the bacteria to utilize fructoselysine (frl operon). We further show that the genomic diversity of E. coli strains with respect to AI-2 signalling allows ecological niche segregation and stable co-existence of different E. coli strains in the mammalian gut.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leanid Laganenka
- Institute of Microbiology, D-BIOL, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jae-Woo Lee
- Max Planck Institute for Terrestrial Microbiology and Center for Synthetic Microbiology, Marburg, Germany
| | - Lukas Malfertheiner
- Department of Molecular Life Sciences and Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Lea Fuchs
- Institute of Microbiology, D-BIOL, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jörn Piel
- Institute of Microbiology, D-BIOL, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Christian von Mering
- Department of Molecular Life Sciences and Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Victor Sourjik
- Max Planck Institute for Terrestrial Microbiology and Center for Synthetic Microbiology, Marburg, Germany
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5
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Mehler J, Behringer KI, Rollins RE, Pisarz F, Klingl A, Henle T, Heermann R, Becker NS, Hellwig M, Lassak J. Identification of Pseudomonas asiatica subsp. bavariensis str. JM1 as the first N ε -carboxy(m)ethyllysine degrading soil bacterium. Environ Microbiol 2022; 24:3229-3241. [PMID: 35621031 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.16079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Thermal food processing leads to the formation of advanced glycation end products (AGE) such as Nε -carboxymethyllysine (CML). Accordingly, these non-canonical amino acids are an important part of the human diet. However, CML is only partially decomposed by our gut microbiota and up to 30% are excreted via feces and, hence, enter the environment. In frame of this study, we isolated a soil bacterium that can grow on CML as well as its higher homologue Nε -carboxyethyllysine (CEL) as sole source of carbon. Bioinformatic analyses upon whole genome sequencing revealed a subspecies of Pseudomonas asiatica, which we named 'bavariensis'. We performed a metabolite screening of P. asiatica subsp. bavariensis str. JM1 grown either on CML or CEL and identified N-carboxymethylaminopentanoic acid (CM-APA), and N-carboxyethylaminopentanoic acid (CE-APA), respectively. We further detected α-aminoadipate as intermediate in the metabolism of CML. These reaction products suggest two routes of degradation: While CEL seems to be predominantly processed from the α-C-atom, decomposition of CML can also be initiated with cleavage of the carboxymethyl group and under the release of acetate. Thus, our study provides novel insights into the metabolism of two important AGEs and how these are processed by environmental bacteria. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith Mehler
- Division of Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Planegg, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Kim Ina Behringer
- Technische Universität Braunschweig - Institute of Food Chemistry, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Robert Ethan Rollins
- Division of Evolutionary Biology, Faculty of Biology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Planegg, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Friederike Pisarz
- Institute of Molecular Physiology, Microbiology and Wine Research, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Andreas Klingl
- Division of Botany, Faculty of Biology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Planegg, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Thomas Henle
- Chair of Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, D-01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Ralf Heermann
- Institute of Molecular Physiology, Microbiology and Wine Research, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Noémie S Becker
- Division of Evolutionary Biology, Faculty of Biology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Planegg, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Michael Hellwig
- Technische Universität Braunschweig - Institute of Food Chemistry, Braunschweig, Germany.,Chair of Special Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Dresden, D-01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - Jürgen Lassak
- Division of Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Planegg, Martinsried, Germany
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6
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Lassak J, Sieber A, Hellwig M. Exceptionally versatile take II: post-translational modifications of lysine and their impact on bacterial physiology. Biol Chem 2022; 403:819-858. [PMID: 35172419 DOI: 10.1515/hsz-2021-0382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Among the 22 proteinogenic amino acids, lysine sticks out due to its unparalleled chemical diversity of post-translational modifications. This results in a wide range of possibilities to influence protein function and hence modulate cellular physiology. Concomitantly, lysine derivatives form a metabolic reservoir that can confer selective advantages to those organisms that can utilize it. In this review, we provide examples of selected lysine modifications and describe their role in bacterial physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jürgen Lassak
- Department of Biology I, Microbiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Großhaderner Straße 2-4, D-82152 Planegg, Germany
| | - Alina Sieber
- Department of Biology I, Microbiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Großhaderner Straße 2-4, D-82152 Planegg, Germany
| | - Michael Hellwig
- Technische Universität Braunschweig - Institute of Food Chemistry, Schleinitzstraße 20, D-38106 Braunschweig, Germany
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7
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Characterization of a Salmonella transcription factor-DNA complex and identification of the inducer by native mass spectrometry. J Mol Biol 2022; 434:167480. [PMID: 35176290 PMCID: PMC8977229 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2022.167480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Revised: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
FraR, a transcriptional repressor, was postulated to regulate the metabolism of the Amadori compound fructose-asparagine (F-Asn) in the foodborne pathogen Salmonella enterica. Here, the DNA- and inducer-binding affinities and stoichiometries of FraR were determined and cross-validated by electrophoretic mobility-shift assays (EMSAs) and online buffer exchange coupled to native mass spectrometry (OBE-nMS). We demonstrate the utility of OBE-nMS to characterize protein and protein-DNA complexes that are not amenable to offline exchange into volatile buffers. OBE-nMS complemented EMSAs by revealing that FraR binds to the operator DNA as a dimer and by establishing 6-phosphofructose-aspartate as the inducer that weakens DNA binding by FraR. These results provide insights into how FraR regulates the expression of F-Asn-catabolizing enzymes and add to our understanding of the intricate bacterial circuitry that dictates utilization of diverse nutrients.
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8
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Xie Y, van der Fels-Klerx HJ, van Leeuwen SPJ, Fogliano V. Dietary advanced glycation end-products, 2-monochloropropane-1,3-diol esters and 3-monochloropropane-1,2-diol esters and glycidyl esters in infant formulas: Occurrence, formulation and processing effects, mitigation strategies. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2021; 20:5489-5515. [PMID: 34626078 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Infant formula contains thermal processing contaminants, such as dietary advanced glycation end-products (dAGEs), glycidyl esters (GEs), 2-monochloropropane-1,3-diol esters and 3-monochloropropane-1,2-diol esters (MCPDEs). This systematic review aimed to gain insights into the occurrence of these contaminants in different types of infant formula, to understand potential effects of the formulation and processing of infant formulas on these contaminants, as well as into possible mitigation strategies. The occurrence of dAGEs in infant formula depends on the recipes and processing conditions. Hydrolyzed protein formulations promote dAGEs formation in infant formula since peptides are more prone to glycation than intact proteins, which is reflected in high dAGEs concentration in hypoallergenic infant formula. Different carbohydrates in recipes result into different glycation extents of infant formula: maltodextrin containing formulas contained less dAGEs than those with lactose. Concerning mitigation strategies, applying ultra-high-temperature (UHT) treatment during milk processing leads to less dAGEs formation than using in-bottle sterilization. Although data are limited, evidence showed that encapsulation of raw ingredients or the use of antioxidants or enzymes in recipes is promising. The occurrence of MCPDEs and GEs in infant formula fully depends on the vegetable oils used in the recipe. High levels of these contaminants can be found when relatively high amounts of palm oils or fats are used. The mitigation of MCPDEs and GEs should therefore be performed on fats and oils before their application to infant formula recipes. Data and knowledge gaps identified in this review can be useful to guide future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajing Xie
- Food Quality and Design Group, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - Vincenzo Fogliano
- Food Quality and Design Group, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
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9
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Busch F, VanAernum ZL, Lai SM, Gopalan V, Wysocki VH. Analysis of Tagged Proteins Using Tandem Affinity-Buffer Exchange Chromatography Online with Native Mass Spectrometry. Biochemistry 2021; 60:1876-1884. [PMID: 34100589 PMCID: PMC9080447 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.1c00138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Protein overexpression and purification are critical for in vitro structure-function characterization studies. However, some proteins are difficult to express in heterologous systems due to host-related (e.g., codon usage, translation rate) and/or protein-specific (e.g., toxicity, aggregation) challenges. Therefore, it is often necessary to test multiple overexpression and purification conditions to maximize the yield of functional protein, particularly for resource-heavy downstream applications (e.g., biocatalysts, tertiary structure determination, biotherapeutics). Here, we describe an automatable liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry-based method for direct analysis of target proteins in cell lysates. This approach is facilitated by coupling immobilized metal affinity chromatography (IMAC), which leverages engineered poly-histidine tags in proteins of interest, with size exclusion-based online buffer exchange (OBE) and native mass spectrometry (nMS). While we illustrate a proof of concept here using relatively straightforward examples, the use of IMAC-OBE-nMS to optimize conditions for large-scale protein production may become invaluable for expediting structural biology and biotherapeutic initiatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Busch
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210 USA
- Resource for Native Mass Spectrometry-Guided Structural Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210 USA
- Campus Chemical Instrument Center, Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210 USA
| | - Zachary L. VanAernum
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210 USA
- Resource for Native Mass Spectrometry-Guided Structural Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210 USA
| | - Stella M. Lai
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210 USA
- Resource for Native Mass Spectrometry-Guided Structural Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210 USA
| | - Venkat Gopalan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210 USA
| | - Vicki H. Wysocki
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210 USA
- Resource for Native Mass Spectrometry-Guided Structural Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210 USA
- Campus Chemical Instrument Center, Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210 USA
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