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Wright E, Carrillo MA, Matamoros D, Sanchez RC, Yañez J, Di Lorenzo G, Villa JM, Kroeger A. Applicability of the Mexican ovitrap system for Aedes vector surveillance in Colombia. Pathog Glob Health 2023; 117:554-564. [PMID: 36384430 PMCID: PMC10392324 DOI: 10.1080/20477724.2022.2146049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovitraps can detect Aedes vectors at an early stage and can serve as an alarm indicator for outbreak prediction. This study aimed to summarize the available literature about the ovitrap system and to determine its feasibility, required resources and costs when installing and maintaining this vector surveillance system in the municipality of Los Patios, Colombia. A scoping review to assess the role of ovitraps as a tool for Aedes vector surveillance was conducted. The subsequent fieldwork consisted of mapping the municipality, manufacturing, and installing 40 ovitraps in 10 blocks, revising them weekly for 4 weeks by two half-time employed vector control technicians, and carrying out a cost analysis. A total of 38 studies were included in this review showing that ovitraps had a better performance than other entomological surveillance methods and a positive correlation with other entomological and disease variables. From the field results over 4 weeks, a high proportion of positive ovitraps (80%, 90%, 75%, 97.5%) and positive blocks (100%) as well as a good acceptance by house owners (76.9%), were identified. Operational indicators such as average installation time of the ovitraps (10h15 m), weekly reading and reinstallation (on average 7h27 m) and the cost of the intervention (COL$1,142,304.47/US$297) were calculated. Literature shows that ovitraps are sensitive to detect the presence of Aedes mosquitoes, providing data efficiently and timely for outbreak prediction. The field testing showed it is an affordable and feasible method in the context of a Colombian municipality and similar endemic areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Wright
- Centre for Medicine and Society, Master Programme Global Urban Health, Albert-Ludwigs University Freiburg, Freiburg in Breisgau, Germany
| | - Maria Angelica Carrillo
- Centre for Medicine and Society, Master Programme Global Urban Health, Albert-Ludwigs University Freiburg, Freiburg in Breisgau, Germany
| | - David Matamoros
- International Training Centre, International Master of Science in Rural Development, University of Ghent, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Rocío Cárdenas Sanchez
- Departamento de Control de Vectores, Instituto Departamental Norte de Santander, Cúcuta, Colombia
| | - Johanna Yañez
- Departamento de Control de Vectores, Instituto Departamental Norte de Santander, Cúcuta, Colombia
| | - Giusseppe Di Lorenzo
- Consultorio de Medicina General, Centro Médico Familiar Di Lorenzo, El Triunfo, Ecuador
| | - Juan Manuel Villa
- Direccion de Hospitales, Secretaria de Salud del Estado de Nuevo Leon, Monterrey, Mexico
| | - Axel Kroeger
- Centre for Medicine and Society, Master Programme Global Urban Health, Albert-Ludwigs University Freiburg, Freiburg in Breisgau, Germany
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Souza RL, Nazare RJ, Argibay HD, Pellizzaro M, Anjos RO, Portilho MM, Jacob-Nascimento LC, Reis MG, Kitron UD, Ribeiro GS. Density of Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) in a low-income Brazilian urban community where dengue, Zika, and chikungunya viruses co-circulate. Parasit Vectors 2023; 16:159. [PMID: 37149611 PMCID: PMC10163576 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-023-05766-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Low-income urban communities in the tropics often lack sanitary infrastructure and are overcrowded, favoring Aedes aegypti proliferation and arboviral transmission. However, as Ae. aegypti density is not spatially homogeneous, understanding the role of specific environmental characteristics in determining vector distribution is critical for planning control interventions. The objectives of this study were to identify the main habitat types for Ae. Aegypti, assess their spatial densities to identify major hotspots of arbovirus transmission over time and investigate underlying factors in a low-income urban community in Salvador, Brazil. We also tested the field-collected mosquitoes for arboviruses. METHODS A series of four entomological and socio-environmental surveys was conducted in a random sample of 149 households and their surroundings between September 2019 and April 2021. The surveys included searching for potential breeding sites (water-containing habitats) and for Ae. aegypti immatures in them, capturing adult mosquitoes and installing ovitraps. The spatial distribution of Ae. aegypti density indices were plotted using kernel density-ratio maps, and the spatial autocorrelation was assessed for each index. Visual differences on the spatial distribution of the Ae. aegypti hotspots were compared over time. The association of entomological findings with socio-ecological characteristics was examined. Pools of female Ae. aegypti were tested for dengue, Zika and chikungunya virus infection. RESULTS Overall, 316 potential breeding sites were found within the study households and 186 in the surrounding public spaces. Of these, 18 (5.7%) and 7 (3.7%) harbored a total of 595 and 283 Ae. aegypti immatures, respectively. The most productive breeding sites were water storage containers within the households and puddles and waste materials in public areas. Potential breeding sites without cover, surrounded by vegetation and containing organic matter were significantly associated with the presence of immatures, as were households that had water storage containers. None of the entomological indices, whether based on immatures, eggs or adults, detected a consistent pattern of vector clustering in the same areas over time. All the mosquito pools were negative for the tested arboviruses. CONCLUSIONS This low-income community displayed high diversity of Ae. aegypti habitats and a high degree of heterogeneity of vector abundance in both space and time, a scenario that likely reflects other low-income communities. Improving basic sanitation in low-income urban communities through the regular water supply, proper management of solid wastes and drainage may reduce water storage and the formation of puddles, minimizing opportunities for Ae. aegypti proliferation in such settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel L Souza
- Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Romero J Nazare
- Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Hernan D Argibay
- Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
- Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Maysa Pellizzaro
- Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
- Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Rosângela O Anjos
- Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Moyra M Portilho
- Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Leile Camila Jacob-Nascimento
- Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
- Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Mitermayer G Reis
- Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
- Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
- Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA
| | | | - Guilherme S Ribeiro
- Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil.
- Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil.
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Preventive residual insecticide applications successfully controlled Aedes aegypti in Yucatan, Mexico. Sci Rep 2022; 12:21998. [PMID: 36539478 PMCID: PMC9768150 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-26577-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Insecticide-based approaches remain a key pillar for Aedes-borne virus (ABV, dengue, chikungunya, Zika) control, yet they are challenged by the limited effect of traditional outdoor insecticide campaigns responding to reported arboviral cases and by the emergence of insecticide resistance in mosquitoes. A three-arm Phase II unblinded entomological cluster randomized trial was conducted in Merida, Yucatan State, Mexico, to quantify the entomological impact of targeted indoor residual spraying (TIRS, application of residual insecticides in Ae. aegypti indoor resting sites) applied preventively 2 months before the beginning of the arbovirus transmission season. Trial arms involved the use of two insecticides with unrelated modes of action (Actellic 300CS, pirimiphos-methyl, and SumiShield 50WG, clothianidin) and a control arm where TIRS was not applied. Entomological impact was quantified by Prokopack adult collections performed indoors during 10 min per house. Regardless of the insecticide, conducting a preventive TIRS application led to significant reductions in indoor Ae. aegypti densities, which were maintained at the same levels as in the low arbovirus transmission period (Actellic 300CS reduced Ae. aegypti density up to 8 months, whereas SumiShield 50WG up to 6 months). The proportional reduction in Ae. aegypti abundance in treatment houses compared to control houses was 50-70% for Actellic 300CS and 43-63% for SumiShield 50WG. Total operational costs including insecticide ranged from US$4.2 to US$10.5 per house, depending on the insecticide cost. Conducting preventive residual insecticide applications can maintain Ae. aegypti densities at low levels year-round with important implications for preventing ABVs in the Americas and beyond.
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House-Level Risk Factors for Aedes aegypti Infestation in the Urban Center of Castilla la Nueva, Meta State, Colombia. J Trop Med 2021; 2021:8483236. [PMID: 34725551 PMCID: PMC8557085 DOI: 10.1155/2021/8483236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Aedes aegypti is the main vector of the dengue virus in Colombia. Some factors have been associated with its presence; however, in the local context, it has not been sufficiently evaluated. The present study seeks to identify the socioeconomic, environmental, and behavioral factors associated with the presence and abundance of A. aegypti in urban dwellings in the municipality of Castilla la Nueva. A cross-sectional cohort study was conducted in houses in the urban area of the municipality of Castilla la Nueva, where 307 houses were sampled by systematic random sampling during May 2018. A multifactorial survey was used to measure the socioeconomic, environmental, and behavioral factors as explanatory variables. The infestation and relative abundance were established by the presence of larval stages and ovitraps. The associated factors for the presence and abundance of A. aegypti were identified using negative binomial and logistic regression models. A positive housing infestation of 33.2% was identified by direct inspection and 78.5% with ovitraps. The main factors positively associated with the presence and abundance of A. aegypti were one-story homes (PR = 2.26; 95% CI: 1.31-3.87), the storage of water for domestic use (PR = 1.91; 95% CI: 1.18-3.09), and local conditions such as disorganized backyard (PR = 79.95; 95% CI: 10.96-583.24) and the proportion of shade greater than 50% of the backyard (PR = 62.32; 95% CI: 6.47-600.32). And, it is negatively associated with residential gas service (PR = 0.3; 95% CI: 0.16-0.58) and self-administered internal fumigation (PR = 0.37; 95% CI: 0.2-0.69). The presence and abundance of A. aegypti were explained by interrelated socioeconomic, environmental, and behavioral factors where local conditions and habits such as the organization of the patio, knowledge about vector biology, and cleaning containers are identified as main topics for future prevention strategies for the transmission of dengue in the local and national context.
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Manrique-Saide P, Herrera-Bojórquez J, Villegas-Chim J, Puerta-Guardo H, Ayora-Talavera G, Parra-Cardeña M, Medina-Barreiro A, Ramírez-Medina M, Chi-Ku A, Trujillo-Peña E, Méndez-Vales RE, Delfín-González H, Toledo-Romaní ME, Bazzani R, Bolio-Arceo E, Gómez-Dantés H, Che-Mendoza A, Pavía-Ruz N, Kirstein OD, Vazquez-Prokopec GM. Protective effect of house screening against indoor Aedes aegypti in Mérida, Mexico: A cluster randomised controlled trial. Trop Med Int Health 2021; 26:1677-1688. [PMID: 34587328 PMCID: PMC9298035 DOI: 10.1111/tmi.13680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the protective effect of house screening (HS) on indoor Aedes aegypti infestation, abundance and arboviral infection in Merida, Mexico. METHODS In 2019, we performed a cluster randomised controlled trial (6 control and 6 intervention areas: 100 households/area). Intervention clusters received permanently fixed fiberglass HS on all windows and doors. The study included two cross-sectional entomologic surveys, one baseline (dry season in May 2019) and one post-intervention (PI, rainy season between September and October 2019). The presence and number of indoor Aedes females and blood-fed females (indoor mosquito infestation) as well as arboviral infections with dengue (DENV) and Zika (ZIKV) viruses were evaluated in a subsample of 30 houses within each cluster. RESULTS HS houses had significantly lower risk for having Aedes aegypti female mosquitoes (odds ratio [OR] = 0.56, 95% CI 0.33-0.97, p = 0.04) and blood-fed females (OR = 0.53, 95% CI 0.28-0.97, p = 0.04) than unscreened households from the control arm. Compared to control houses, HS houses had significantly lower indoor Ae. aegypti abundance (rate ratio [RR] = 0.50, 95% CI 0.30-0.83, p = 0.01), blood-fed Ae. aegypti females (RR = 0.48, 95% CI 0.27-0.85, p = 0.01) and female Ae. aegypti positive for arboviruses (OR = 0.29, 95% CI 0.10-0.86, p = 0.02). The estimated intervention efficacy in reducing Ae. aegypti arbovirus infection was 71%. CONCLUSIONS These results provide evidence supporting the use of HS as an effective pesticide-free method to control house infestations with Aedes aegypti and reduce the transmission of Aedes-transmitted viruses such as DENV, chikungunya (CHIKV) and ZIKV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Manrique-Saide
- Unidad Colaborativa para Bioensayos Entomológicos, Campus de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Mérida, México
| | - Josué Herrera-Bojórquez
- Unidad Colaborativa para Bioensayos Entomológicos, Campus de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Mérida, México
| | - Josué Villegas-Chim
- Unidad Colaborativa para Bioensayos Entomológicos, Campus de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Mérida, México
| | - Henry Puerta-Guardo
- Unidad Colaborativa para Bioensayos Entomológicos, Campus de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Mérida, México
| | - Guadalupe Ayora-Talavera
- Laboratorio de Virología, Centro de Investigaciones Regionales 'Dr. Hideyo Noguchi', Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Mérida, México
| | - Manuel Parra-Cardeña
- Laboratorio de Virología, Centro de Investigaciones Regionales 'Dr. Hideyo Noguchi', Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Mérida, México
| | - Anuar Medina-Barreiro
- Unidad Colaborativa para Bioensayos Entomológicos, Campus de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Mérida, México
| | - Marypaz Ramírez-Medina
- Unidad Colaborativa para Bioensayos Entomológicos, Campus de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Mérida, México
| | - Aylin Chi-Ku
- Unidad Colaborativa para Bioensayos Entomológicos, Campus de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Mérida, México
| | - Emilio Trujillo-Peña
- Unidad Colaborativa para Bioensayos Entomológicos, Campus de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Mérida, México
| | | | - Hugo Delfín-González
- Unidad Colaborativa para Bioensayos Entomológicos, Campus de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Mérida, México
| | - María E Toledo-Romaní
- Departamento de Epidemiología, Instituto de Medicina Tropical 'Pedro Kourí', La Habana, Cuba
| | - Roberto Bazzani
- International Development Research Centre of Canada, Regional Office for Latin America and the Caribbean, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | | | - Hector Gómez-Dantés
- Centro de Investigación en Sistemas de Salud, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Cuernavaca, México
| | - Azael Che-Mendoza
- Unidad Colaborativa para Bioensayos Entomológicos, Campus de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Mérida, México
| | - Norma Pavía-Ruz
- Laboratorio de Hematología, Centro de Investigaciones Regionales 'Dr. Hideyo Noguchi', Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Mérida, México
| | - Oscar D Kirstein
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
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Che-Mendoza A, Martin-Park A, Chávez-Trava JM, Contreras-Perera Y, Delfín-González H, González-Olvera G, Leirana-Alcocer J, Guillermo-May G, Chan-Espinoza D, Pavia-Ruz N, Méndez-Vales RE, Alcocer-Gamboa A, Correa-Morales F, Palacio-Vargas J, Zhang D, Vazquez-Prokopec G, Xi Z, Manrique-Saide P. Abundance and Seasonality of Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) in Two Suburban Localities of South Mexico, With Implications for Wolbachia (Rickettsiales: Rickettsiaceae)-Carrying Male Releases for Population Suppression. JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY 2021; 58:1817-1825. [PMID: 33822117 PMCID: PMC8285091 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjab052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
We conducted a baseline characterization of the abundance and seasonality of Aedes aegypti (Linnaeus, 1762)-a vector of dengue, chikungunya, and Zika-in two suburban localities of Yucatan, Mexico, as the first step in the implementation of an integrated vector management (IVM) plan combining 'traditional Aedes control' (source reduction/truck-mounted ultra-low volume [ULV] spraying) and incompatible insect technique/sterile insect technique for population suppression in Yucatan, Mexico. Weekly entomological collections with ovitraps and BG-sentinel traps were performed in 1-ha quadrants of both localities for 1 yr. Three distinct periods/phases were identified, closely associated with precipitation: 1) a phase of low population abundance during the dry season (weekly average of Aedes eggs per ovitrap and adults per BG trap = 15.51 ± 0.71 and 10.07 ± 0.88, respectively); 2) a phase of population growth and greatest abundance of Aedes (49.03 ± 1.48 eggs and 25.69 ± 1.31 adults) during the rainy season; and finally 3) a phase of decline among populations (20.91 ± 0.97 eggs and 3.24 ± 0.21 adults) after the peak of the rainy season. Seasonal abundance and dynamics of Ae. aegypti populations suggest that it is feasible to develop and implement time-specific actions as part of an IVM approach incorporating integrating novel technologies (such as rear-and-release of Wolbachia-infected males) with classic (insecticide-based) approaches implemented routinely for vector control. In agreement with the local vector control program, we propose a pilot IVM strategy structured in a preparation phase, an attack phase with traditional vector control, and a suppression phase with inundative releases, which are described in this paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azael Che-Mendoza
- Laboratorio para el Control Biológico de Aedes aegypti (LCB-UADY), Unidad Colaborativa para Bioensayos Entomológicos (UCBE), Campus de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Km. 15.5 Carr. Mérida-Xmatkuil s.n., Mérida, Yucatán C.P. 97315, México
| | - Abdiel Martin-Park
- Laboratorio para el Control Biológico de Aedes aegypti (LCB-UADY), Unidad Colaborativa para Bioensayos Entomológicos (UCBE), Campus de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Km. 15.5 Carr. Mérida-Xmatkuil s.n., Mérida, Yucatán C.P. 97315, México
| | - Juan Manuel Chávez-Trava
- Laboratorio para el Control Biológico de Aedes aegypti (LCB-UADY), Unidad Colaborativa para Bioensayos Entomológicos (UCBE), Campus de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Km. 15.5 Carr. Mérida-Xmatkuil s.n., Mérida, Yucatán C.P. 97315, México
| | - Yamili Contreras-Perera
- Laboratorio para el Control Biológico de Aedes aegypti (LCB-UADY), Unidad Colaborativa para Bioensayos Entomológicos (UCBE), Campus de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Km. 15.5 Carr. Mérida-Xmatkuil s.n., Mérida, Yucatán C.P. 97315, México
| | - Hugo Delfín-González
- Laboratorio para el Control Biológico de Aedes aegypti (LCB-UADY), Unidad Colaborativa para Bioensayos Entomológicos (UCBE), Campus de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Km. 15.5 Carr. Mérida-Xmatkuil s.n., Mérida, Yucatán C.P. 97315, México
| | - Gabriela González-Olvera
- Laboratorio para el Control Biológico de Aedes aegypti (LCB-UADY), Unidad Colaborativa para Bioensayos Entomológicos (UCBE), Campus de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Km. 15.5 Carr. Mérida-Xmatkuil s.n., Mérida, Yucatán C.P. 97315, México
| | - Jorge Leirana-Alcocer
- Departamento de Ecología, Campus de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Km. 15.5 Carr. Mérida-Xmatkuil s.n., Mérida, Yucatán C.P. 97315, México
| | - Guillermo Guillermo-May
- Laboratorio para el Control Biológico de Aedes aegypti (LCB-UADY), Unidad Colaborativa para Bioensayos Entomológicos (UCBE), Campus de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Km. 15.5 Carr. Mérida-Xmatkuil s.n., Mérida, Yucatán C.P. 97315, México
| | - Daniel Chan-Espinoza
- Laboratorio para el Control Biológico de Aedes aegypti (LCB-UADY), Unidad Colaborativa para Bioensayos Entomológicos (UCBE), Campus de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Km. 15.5 Carr. Mérida-Xmatkuil s.n., Mérida, Yucatán C.P. 97315, México
| | - Norma Pavia-Ruz
- Centro de Investigaciones Regionales, Dr. Hideyo Noguchi, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Calle 59 x Itzáes Avenue, Centro, C.P. 97000, Mérida, Yucatán, México
| | | | - Alberto Alcocer-Gamboa
- Servicios de Salud de Yucatán, Calle 72 #463 por 53 y 55 C.P. 97000, Mérida, Yucatán, México
- Secretaría de Investigación, Innovación y Educación Superior, Calle 8 347, San Esteban, C.P. 97149 Mérida, Yucatán, México
| | - Fabian Correa-Morales
- Subdirección del Programa de Enfermedades Transmitidas por Vectores, Centro Nacional de Programas Preventivos y Control de Enfermedades, Benjamín Franklin No. 132, Col. Escandón Del. Miguel Hidalgo, C.P. 11800, México,México
| | - Jorge Palacio-Vargas
- Servicios de Salud de Yucatán, Calle 72 #463 por 53 y 55 C.P. 97000, Mérida, Yucatán, México
| | - Dongjing Zhang
- Sun Yat-sen University–Michigan State University Joint Center of Vector Control for Tropical Diseases, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Gonzalo Vazquez-Prokopec
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Emory University, 400 Dowman Dr, 5th Fl, Ste E523, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Zhiyong Xi
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Pablo Manrique-Saide
- Laboratorio para el Control Biológico de Aedes aegypti (LCB-UADY), Unidad Colaborativa para Bioensayos Entomológicos (UCBE), Campus de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Km. 15.5 Carr. Mérida-Xmatkuil s.n., Mérida, Yucatán C.P. 97315, México
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Manrique-Saide P, Herrera-Bojórquez J, Medina-Barreiro A, Trujillo-Peña E, Villegas-Chim J, Valadez-González N, Ahmed AMM, Delfín-González H, Palacio-Vargas J, Che-Mendoza A, Pavía-Ruz N, Flores AE, Vazquez-Prokopec G. Insecticide-treated house screening protects against Zika-infected Aedes aegypti in Merida, Mexico. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2021; 15:e0009005. [PMID: 33465098 PMCID: PMC7853519 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0009005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The integration of house-screening and long-lasting insecticidal nets, known as insecticide-treated screening (ITS), can provide simple, safe, and low-tech Aedes aegypti control. Cluster randomised controlled trials in two endemic localities for Ae. aegypti of south Mexico, showed that ITS conferred both, immediate and sustained (~2 yr) impact on indoor-female Ae. aegypti infestations. Such encouraging results require further validation with studies quantifying more epidemiologically-related endpoints, including arbovirus infection in Ae. aegypti. We evaluated the efficacy of protecting houses with ITS on Ae. aegypti infestation and arbovirus infection during a Zika outbreak in Merida, Yucatan, Mexico. Methodology/Principal findings A two-arm cluster-randomised controlled trial evaluated the entomological efficacy of ITS compared to the absence of ITS (with both arms able to receive routine arbovirus vector control) in the neighbourhood Juan Pablo II of Merida. Cross-sectional entomological surveys quantified indoor adult mosquito infestation and arbovirus infection at baseline (pre-ITS installation) and throughout two post-intervention (PI) surveys spaced at 6-month intervals corresponding to dry/rainy seasons over one year (2016–2017). Household-surveys assessed the social reception of the intervention. Houses with ITS were 79–85% less infested with Aedes females than control houses up to one-year PI. A similar significant trend was observed for blood-fed Ae. aegypti females (76–82%). Houses with ITS had significantly less infected female Ae. aegypti than controls during the peak of the epidemic (OR = 0.15, 95%CI: 0.08–0.29), an effect that was significant up to a year PI (OR = 0.24, 0.15–0.39). Communities strongly accepted the intervention, due to its perceived mode of action, the prevalent risk for Aedes-borne diseases in the area, and the positive feedback from neighbours receiving ITS. Conclusions/Significance We show evidence of the protective efficacy of ITS against an arboviral disease of major relevance, and discuss the relevance of our findings for intervention adoption. We evaluated the efficacy of protecting houses with insecticide-treated nets permanently fixed with aluminium frames on external doors and windows on Ae. aegypti infestation and arbovirus infection during a Zika outbreak in Merida, Yucatan, Mexico. Houses protected with screens were ≈80% less infested with Aedes females and very importantly, had significantly less infected female Ae. aegypti during the peak of the epidemic. Communities strongly accepted the intervention, due to its perceived mode of action, the prevalent risk for Aedes-borne diseases in the area, and the positive feedback from neighbours. House screening provides a simple, affordable sustainable method to reduce human-vector contact inside houses and can protect against dengue, chikungunya and Zika.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Manrique-Saide
- Unidad Colaborativa para Bioensayos Entomologicos, Campus de Ciencias Biologicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad Autonoma de Yucatan, Merida, Yucatan, Mexico
- * E-mail:
| | - Josué Herrera-Bojórquez
- Unidad Colaborativa para Bioensayos Entomologicos, Campus de Ciencias Biologicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad Autonoma de Yucatan, Merida, Yucatan, Mexico
| | - Anuar Medina-Barreiro
- Unidad Colaborativa para Bioensayos Entomologicos, Campus de Ciencias Biologicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad Autonoma de Yucatan, Merida, Yucatan, Mexico
| | - Emilio Trujillo-Peña
- Unidad Colaborativa para Bioensayos Entomologicos, Campus de Ciencias Biologicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad Autonoma de Yucatan, Merida, Yucatan, Mexico
| | - Josué Villegas-Chim
- Unidad Colaborativa para Bioensayos Entomologicos, Campus de Ciencias Biologicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad Autonoma de Yucatan, Merida, Yucatan, Mexico
| | - Nina Valadez-González
- Centro de Investigaciones Regionales, Unidad Biomédicas, Universidad Autonoma de Yucatan, Merida, Yucatan, Mexico
| | - Ahmed M. M. Ahmed
- Unidad Colaborativa para Bioensayos Entomologicos, Campus de Ciencias Biologicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad Autonoma de Yucatan, Merida, Yucatan, Mexico
- Faculty of Agriculture, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Hugo Delfín-González
- Unidad Colaborativa para Bioensayos Entomologicos, Campus de Ciencias Biologicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad Autonoma de Yucatan, Merida, Yucatan, Mexico
| | | | - Azael Che-Mendoza
- Unidad Colaborativa para Bioensayos Entomologicos, Campus de Ciencias Biologicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad Autonoma de Yucatan, Merida, Yucatan, Mexico
| | - Norma Pavía-Ruz
- Centro de Investigaciones Regionales, Unidad Biomédicas, Universidad Autonoma de Yucatan, Merida, Yucatan, Mexico
| | - Adriana E. Flores
- Facultad de Ciencias Biologicas, Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon, San Nicolas de los Garza, Nuevo Leon, Mexico
| | - Gonzalo Vazquez-Prokopec
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
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Clinical Symptoms of Arboviruses in Mexico. Pathogens 2020; 9:pathogens9110964. [PMID: 33228120 PMCID: PMC7699393 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens9110964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Revised: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Arboviruses such as Chikungunya (CHIKV), Dengue (DENV), and Zika virus (ZIKV) have emerged as a significant public health concern in Mexico. The existing literature lacks evidence regarding the dispersion of arboviruses, thereby limiting public health policy's ability to integrate the diagnosis, management, and prevention. This study seeks to reveal the clinical symptoms of CHIK, DENV, and ZIKV by age group, region, sex, and time across Mexico. The confirmed cases of CHIKV, DENV, and ZIKV were compiled from January 2012 to March 2020. Demographic characteristics analyzed significant clinical symptoms of confirmed cases. Multinomial logistic regression was used to assess the association between clinical symptoms and geographical regions. Females and individuals aged 15 and older had higher rates of reported significant symptoms across all three arboviruses. DENV showed a temporal variation of symptoms by regions 3 and 5, whereas ZIKV presented temporal variables in regions 2 and 4. This study revealed unique and overlapping symptoms between CHIKV, DENV, and ZIKV. However, the differentiation of CHIKV, DENV, and ZIKV is difficult, and diagnostic facilities are not available in rural areas. There is a need for adequately trained healthcare staff alongside well-equipped lab facilities, including hematological tests and imaging facilities.
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9
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Manrique-Saide P, Dean NE, Halloran ME, Longini IM, Collins MH, Waller LA, Gomez-Dantes H, Lenhart A, Hladish TJ, Che-Mendoza A, Kirstein OD, Romer Y, Correa-Morales F, Palacio-Vargas J, Mendez-Vales R, Pérez PG, Pavia-Ruz N, Ayora-Talavera G, Vazquez-Prokopec GM. The TIRS trial: protocol for a cluster randomized controlled trial assessing the efficacy of preventive targeted indoor residual spraying to reduce Aedes-borne viral illnesses in Merida, Mexico. Trials 2020; 21:839. [PMID: 33032661 PMCID: PMC7542575 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-020-04780-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Current urban vector control strategies have failed to contain dengue epidemics and to prevent the global expansion of Aedes-borne viruses (ABVs: dengue, chikungunya, Zika). Part of the challenge in sustaining effective ABV control emerges from the paucity of evidence regarding the epidemiological impact of any Aedes control method. A strategy for which there is limited epidemiological evidence is targeted indoor residual spraying (TIRS). TIRS is a modification of classic malaria indoor residual spraying that accounts for Aedes aegypti resting behavior by applying residual insecticides on exposed lower sections of walls (< 1.5 m), under furniture, and on dark surfaces. METHODS/DESIGN We are pursuing a two-arm, parallel, unblinded, cluster randomized controlled trial to quantify the overall efficacy of TIRS in reducing the burden of laboratory-confirmed ABV clinical disease (primary endpoint). The trial will be conducted in the city of Merida, Yucatan State, Mexico (population ~ 1million), where we will prospectively follow 4600 children aged 2-15 years at enrollment, distributed in 50 clusters of 5 × 5 city blocks each. Clusters will be randomly allocated (n = 25 per arm) using covariate-constrained randomization. A "fried egg" design will be followed, in which all blocks of the 5 × 5 cluster receive the intervention, but all sampling to evaluate the epidemiological and entomological endpoints will occur in the "yolk," the center 3 × 3 city blocks of each cluster. TIRS will be implemented as a preventive application (~ 1-2 months prior to the beginning of the ABV season). Active monitoring for symptomatic ABV illness will occur through weekly household visits and enhanced surveillance. Annual sero-surveys will be performed after each transmission season and entomological evaluations of Ae. aegypti indoor abundance and ABV infection rates monthly during the period of active surveillance. Epidemiological and entomological evaluation will continue for up to three transmission seasons. DISCUSSION The findings from this study will provide robust epidemiological evidence of the efficacy of TIRS in reducing ABV illness and infection. If efficacious, TIRS could drive a paradigm shift in Aedes control by considering Ae. aegypti behavior to guide residual insecticide applications and changing deployment to preemptive control (rather than in response to symptomatic cases), two major enhancements to existing practice. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04343521 . Registered on 13 April 2020. The protocol also complies with the WHO International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (ICTRP) (Additional file 1). PRIMARY SPONSOR National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIH/NIAID).
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Manrique-Saide
- Unidad Colaborativa de Bioensayos Entomológicos, Campus de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Merida, Mexico
| | - Natalie E Dean
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - M Elizabeth Halloran
- Center for Inference and Dynamics of Infectious Diseases, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Ira M Longini
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
- Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Matthew H Collins
- Hope Clinic of the Emory Vaccine Center, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Emory University, Decatur, GA, 30030, USA
| | - Lance A Waller
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Hector Gomez-Dantes
- Health Systems Research Center, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Mexico
| | - Audrey Lenhart
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Thomas J Hladish
- Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
- Department of Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Azael Che-Mendoza
- Unidad Colaborativa de Bioensayos Entomológicos, Campus de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Merida, Mexico
| | - Oscar D Kirstein
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Math and Science Center, Emory University, 400 Dowman Drive, 5th floor, Suite E530, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Yamila Romer
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Math and Science Center, Emory University, 400 Dowman Drive, 5th floor, Suite E530, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Fabian Correa-Morales
- Centro Nacional de Programas Preventivos y Control de Enfermedades (CENAPRECE) Secretaría de Salud Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | | | | | - Norma Pavia-Ruz
- Centro de Investigaciones Regionales Hideyo Noguchi, Universidad Autonoma de Yucatan, Merida, Mexico
| | - Guadalupe Ayora-Talavera
- Centro de Investigaciones Regionales Hideyo Noguchi, Universidad Autonoma de Yucatan, Merida, Mexico
| | - Gonzalo M Vazquez-Prokopec
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Math and Science Center, Emory University, 400 Dowman Drive, 5th floor, Suite E530, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA.
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Enslen AW, Lima Neto AS, Castro MC. Infestation measured by Aedes aegypti larval surveys as an indication of future dengue epidemics: an evaluation for Brazil. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 2020; 114:506-512. [PMID: 32346740 DOI: 10.1093/trstmh/traa021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2019] [Revised: 03/08/2020] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aedes aegypti rapid larval surveys are mandatory in Brazil. Here, we retrospectively examined whether the house index estimated by larval surveys served as a useful tool in anticipating epidemics within Brazilian municipalities from 2009-2015. METHODS We used correlation indices and classification analysis stratified by year, region, population size and time after the national larval survey. RESULTS We found no association between the house index and the proportion of municipalities experiencing an epidemic. The sensitivity of a high score house index in predicting an epidemic was 7.20% (95% CI 6.22 to 8.33%) for all years combined. The positive predictive value of a high score house index to predict a 'true epidemic' was 38.96%, lower than the negative predictive values of a low score house index for predicting 'no epidemic' (56.96%). The highest overall sensitivity was observed in the North region (20.15%; 95% CI 17.14 to 23.53%). The sensitivity of a high score house index demonstrated a monotonic decrease with increasing time from larval collection. CONCLUSIONS Larval surveys are surveillance tools with the potential to risk-stratify and guide dengue control programs towards judicious resource allocation. However, the national rapid larval survey performed in Brazil, in its present form, consistently underpredicts dengue epidemics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew W Enslen
- Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston 02115, MA, USA
| | - Antonio S Lima Neto
- Fortaleza Municipal Health Secretariat (SMS-Fortaleza), Rua Capitão Gustavo 3552 - Joaquim Távora, Fortaleza, Ceará, 60120-075, Brazil.,University of Fortaleza (UNIFOR), Av. Washington Soares, 1321 - Edson Queiroz, Fortaleza, Ceará, 60811-905, Brazil
| | - Marcia C Castro
- Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston 02115, MA, USA
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11
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Wang JN, Hou J, Zhong JY, Cao GP, Yu ZY, Wu YY, Li TQ, Liu QM, Gong ZY. Relationships between traditional larval indices and meteorological factors with the adult density of Aedes albopictus captured by BG-mosquito trap. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0234555. [PMID: 32525905 PMCID: PMC7289416 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0234555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Larval indices have been used for Ae. albopictus surveillance for many years, while there is limited use in assessing dengue transmission risk and adult mosquito emergence. This study is aimed to explore the relationships between larval indices and the Ae. albopictus density captured by BG-mosquito trap (BG-trap) method, with considering the meteorological factors. Methods Data on larval density, adult mosquito density and meteorology factors were collected in an entomological survey carried out in Quzhou City, Zhejiang Province of China in 2018. The Spearman’s rank correlation and Pearson correlation were used for the analysis on the correlation of density indices. Generalized additive models were established to analyze the influencing factors of mosquito density. Results Breteau index (BI), House index (HI) and Container index (CI) were highly correlated with each other (r>0.7, p<0.05). The Ae. albopictus density was significantly correlated with CI (rs = 0.260, p<0.05), CI pre one week (rs = 0.259, p<0.05), and CI pre three weeks (rs = 0.329, p<0.05). BI was correlated with female Ae. albopictus density pre 4 weeks (r = -0.299, p<0.05). Female Ae. albopictus density was correlated with CI pre 3 weeks (rs = 0.303, p<0.05). The influencing factors of BI were average wind speed pre 1 week, average temperature and female Ae. albopictus density pre 4 weeks. The influencing factors of CI were average humidity pre 3 weeks and average temperature. The influencing factors of HI were average temperature and precipitation pre 4 weeks. The influencing factor of Ae. albopictus density and female Ae. albopictus density was temperature. Conclusions The adult Ae. albopictus density had low correlation with certain larval indices. Some of the meteorology factors played significant roles in the density of adult Ae. albopictus and larva with or without a time lag.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Na Wang
- Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
| | - Juan Hou
- Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jian-Yue Zhong
- Quzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Quzhou, China
| | - Guo-Ping Cao
- Quzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Quzhou, China
| | - Zhang-You Yu
- Quzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Quzhou, China
| | - Yu-Yan Wu
- Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
| | - Tian-Qi Li
- Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qin-Mei Liu
- Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhen-Yu Gong
- Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
- * E-mail:
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12
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Herrera-Bojórquez J, Trujillo-Peña E, Vadillo-Sánchez J, Riestra-Morales M, Che-Mendoza A, Delfín-González H, Pavía-Ruz N, Arredondo-Jimenez J, Santamaría E, Flores-Suárez AE, Vazquez-Prokopec G, Manrique-Saide P. Efficacy of Long-lasting Insecticidal Nets With Declining Physical and Chemical Integrity on Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae). JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY 2020; 57:503-510. [PMID: 31603517 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjz176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Fitting long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLIN) as screens on doors/windows has a significant impact on indoor-adult Aedes aegypti (L.), with entomological reductions measured in a previous study being significant for up to 2 yr post-installation, even in the presence of pyrethroid-resistant Aedes populations. To better understand the mode of LLIN protection, bioassays were performed to evaluate the effects of field deployment (0, 6, and 12 mo) and damage type (none, central, lateral, and multiple) on LLIN efficacy. Contact bioassays confirmed that LLIN residual activity (median knockdown time, in minutes, or MKDT) decreased significantly over time: 6.95 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 5.32-8.58) to 9.24 (95% CI: 8.69-9.79) MKDT at 0- and 12-mo age, respectively, using a pyrethroid-susceptible Aedes strain. Tunnel tests (exposing human forearm for 40 min as attractant) showed that deployment time affected negatively Aedes passage inhibition from 54.9% (95% CI: 43.5-66.2) at 0 mo to 35.7% (95% CI: 16.3-55.1) at 12 mo and blood-feeding inhibition from 65.2% (95% CI: 54.2-76.2) to 48.9% (95% CI: 26.4-71.3), respectively; both the passage/blood-feeding inhibition increased by a factor of 1.8-2.9 on LLINs with multiple and central damages compared with nets with lateral damage. Mosquito mortality was 74.6% (95% CI: 65.3-83.9) at 0 mo, 72.3% (95% CI: 64.1-80.5) at 6 mo, and 59% (95% CI: 46.7-71.3) at 12 mo. Despite the LLIN physical integrity could be compromised over time, we demonstrate that the remaining chemical effect after field conditions would still contribute to killing/repelling mosquitoes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josué Herrera-Bojórquez
- Collaborative Unit for Entomological Bioassays, Campus de Ciencias Biologicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad Autonoma de Yucatan. Merida, Yucatan, Mexico
| | - Emilio Trujillo-Peña
- Collaborative Unit for Entomological Bioassays, Campus de Ciencias Biologicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad Autonoma de Yucatan. Merida, Yucatan, Mexico
| | - José Vadillo-Sánchez
- Collaborative Unit for Entomological Bioassays, Campus de Ciencias Biologicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad Autonoma de Yucatan. Merida, Yucatan, Mexico
| | - Martin Riestra-Morales
- Collaborative Unit for Entomological Bioassays, Campus de Ciencias Biologicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad Autonoma de Yucatan. Merida, Yucatan, Mexico
| | - Azael Che-Mendoza
- Collaborative Unit for Entomological Bioassays, Campus de Ciencias Biologicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad Autonoma de Yucatan. Merida, Yucatan, Mexico
| | - Hugo Delfín-González
- Collaborative Unit for Entomological Bioassays, Campus de Ciencias Biologicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad Autonoma de Yucatan. Merida, Yucatan, Mexico
| | - Norma Pavía-Ruz
- Centro de Investigaciones Regionales, Dr. Hideyo Noguchi, Universidad Autonoma de Yucatan. Merida, Yucatan, Mexico
| | - Juan Arredondo-Jimenez
- Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon, Facultad de Ciencias Biologicas, San Nicolas de los Garza, N.L., Mexico
| | | | - Adriana E Flores-Suárez
- Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon, Facultad de Ciencias Biologicas, San Nicolas de los Garza, N.L., Mexico
| | | | - Pablo Manrique-Saide
- Collaborative Unit for Entomological Bioassays, Campus de Ciencias Biologicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad Autonoma de Yucatan. Merida, Yucatan, Mexico
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Koyoc-Cardeña E, Medina-Barreiro A, Cohuo-Rodríguez A, Pavía-Ruz N, Lenhart A, Ayora-Talavera G, Dunbar M, Manrique-Saide P, Vazquez-Prokopec G. Estimating absolute indoor density of Aedes aegypti using removal sampling. Parasit Vectors 2019; 12:250. [PMID: 31113454 PMCID: PMC6528352 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-019-3503-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Quantification of adult Aedes aegypti abundance indoors has relied on estimates of relative density (e.g. number of adults per unit of sampling or time), most commonly using traps or timed collections using aspirators. The lack of estimates of the sensitivity of collections and lack of a numerical association between relative and the absolute density of adult Ae. aegypti represent a significant gap in vector surveillance. Here, we describe the use of sequential removal sampling to estimate absolute numbers of indoor resting Ae. aegypti and to calculate calibration coefficients for timed Prokopack aspirator collections in the city of Merida, Yucatan State, Mexico. The study was performed in 200 houses that were selected based on recent occurrence of Aedes-borne viral illness in residents. Removal sampling occurred in 10-minute sampling rounds performed sequentially until no Ae. aegypti adult was collected for 3 hours or over 2 consecutive 10-minute periods. RESULTS A total of 3439 Ae. aegypti were collected. The sensitivity of detection of positive houses in the first sampling round was 82.5% for any adult Ae. aegypti, 78.5% for females, 75.5% for males and 73.3% for blood-fed females. The total number of Ae. aegypti per house was on average ~5 times higher than numbers collected for the first sampling round. There was a positive linear relationship between the relative density of Ae. aegypti collected during the first 10-min round and the absolute density for all adult metrics. Coefficients from the linear regression were used to calibrate numbers from 10-min collections into estimates of absolute indoor Ae. aegypti density for all adults, females and males. CONCLUSIONS Exhaustive removal sampling represents a promising method for quantification of absolute indoor Ae. aegypti density, leading to improved entomological estimates of mosquito distribution, a key measure in the assessments of the risk pathogen transmission, disease modeling and the evaluation of vector control interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edgar Koyoc-Cardeña
- Unidad Colaborativa de Bioensayos Entomológicos, Campus de Ciencias. Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico
| | - Anuar Medina-Barreiro
- Unidad Colaborativa de Bioensayos Entomológicos, Campus de Ciencias. Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico
| | - Azael Cohuo-Rodríguez
- Unidad Colaborativa de Bioensayos Entomológicos, Campus de Ciencias. Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico
| | - Norma Pavía-Ruz
- Centro de Investigaciones Regionales "Dr. Hideyo Noguchi", Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico
| | - Audrey Lenhart
- Entomology Branch, Division of Parasitic Diseases and Malaria, Center for Global Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Guadalupe Ayora-Talavera
- Centro de Investigaciones Regionales "Dr. Hideyo Noguchi", Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico
| | - Mike Dunbar
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Pablo Manrique-Saide
- Unidad Colaborativa de Bioensayos Entomológicos, Campus de Ciencias. Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico
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14
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Pavía-Ruz N, Barrera-Fuentes GA, Villanueva-Jorge S, Che-Mendoza A, Campuzano-Rincón JC, Manrique-Saide P, Rojas DP, Vazquez-Prokopec GM, Halloran ME, Longini IM, Gómez-Dantés H. Dengue seroprevalence in a cohort of schoolchildren and their siblings in Yucatan, Mexico (2015-2016). PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2018; 12:e0006748. [PMID: 30462654 PMCID: PMC6248890 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0006748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2018] [Accepted: 08/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The implementation of vector control interventions and potential introduction new tools requires baseline data to evaluate their direct and indirect effects. The objective of the study is to present the seroprevalence of dengue infection in a cohort of children 0 to 15 years old followed during 2015 to 2016, the risk factors and the role of enhanced surveillance strategies in three urban sites (Merida, Ticul and Progreso) in Yucatan, Mexico. Methods A cohort of school children and their family members was randomly selected in three urban areas with different demographic, social conditions and levels of transmission. We included results from 1,844 children aged 0 to 15 years. Serum samples were tested for IgG, NS1 and IgM. Enhanced surveillance strategies were established in schools (absenteeism) and cohort families (toll-free number). Results Seroprevalence in children 0 to 15 years old was 46.8 (CI 95% 44.1–49.6) with no difference by sex except in Ticul. Prevalence increased with age and was significantly lower in 0 to 5 years old (26.9%, 95% CI:18.4–35.4) compared with 6 to 8 years old (43.9%, 95% CI:40.1–47.7) and 9 to 15 years old (61.4%, 95% CI:58.0–64.8). Sharing the domestic space with other families increased the risk 1.7 times over the individual families that own or rented their house, while risk was significantly higher when kitchen and bathroom were outside. Complete protection with screens in doors and windows decreased risk of infection. Seroprevalence was significantly higher in the medium and high risk areas. Conclusions The prevalence of antibodies in children 0 to 15 years in three urban settings in the state of Yucatan describe the high exposure and the heterogenous transmission of dengue virus by risk areas and between schools in the study sites. The enhanced surveillance strategy was useful to improve detection of dengue cases with the coincident transmission of chikungunya and Zika viruses. Dengue is a major public health problem in Latin America. Its transmission is highly heterogeneous, and its burden varies by geographic region, age group affected, serotype and other factors. While surveillance of dengue in the region has improved, several limitations remain, including under detection, misdiagnosis and the complexity of controlling a vector that has adapted to human dwellings in tropical and subtropical urban contexts. Prospective studies have become crucial to understand the transmission of dengue in urban environments and assess the impact of control strategies, such as the introduction of a dengue vaccine or additional vector control interventions. Our findings provide epidemiological data regarding the serological profile and risk factors for dengue infections in a cohort of children 0 to 15 years old in an endemic state in Mexico and confirmed the high exposure in these age groups. Likewise, enhanced and passive surveillance of cases gave us the opportunity to measure the behavior of dengue activity during chikungunya and Zika viruses’ arrival, which we believe will contribute to improve the design of surveillance and control strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norma Pavía-Ruz
- Centro de Investigaciones Regionales “Dr. Hideyo Noguchi”, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Merida, Yucatan, Mexico
| | | | - Salha Villanueva-Jorge
- Laboratorio Estatal de Salud Pública y Referencia Epidemiológica, Servicios de Salud de Yucatán, Merida, Yucatan, Mexico
| | - Azael Che-Mendoza
- Centro de Investigaciones Regionales “Dr. Hideyo Noguchi”, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Merida, Yucatan, Mexico
| | | | - Pablo Manrique-Saide
- Campus de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Merida, Yucatan, Mexico
| | - Diana Patricia Rojas
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
- Center for Inference and Dynamics of Infectious Diseases, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | | | - M. Elizabeth Halloran
- Center for Inference and Dynamics of Infectious Diseases, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Ira M. Longini
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
- Center for Inference and Dynamics of Infectious Diseases, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Héctor Gómez-Dantés
- Center for Health Systems Research, National Institute of Public Health, Mexico City, Mexico
- * E-mail:
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Grossman MK, Uc-Puc V, Flores AE, Manrique-Saide PC, Vazquez-Prokopec GM. Larval density mediates knockdown resistance to pyrethroid insecticides in adult Aedes aegypti. Parasit Vectors 2018; 11:282. [PMID: 29724237 PMCID: PMC5934844 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-018-2865-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Understanding mechanisms driving insecticide resistance in vector populations remains a public health priority. To date, most research has focused on the genetic mechanisms underpinning resistance, yet it is unclear what role environmental drivers may play in shaping phenotypic expression. One of the key environmental drivers of Aedes aegypti mosquito population dynamics is resource-driven intraspecific competition at the larval stage. We experimentally investigated the role of density-dependent larval competition in mediating resistance evolution in Ae. aegypti, using knockdown resistance (kdr) as a marker of genotypic resistance and CDC bottle bioassays to determine phenotype. We reared first-instar larvae from susceptible and pyrethroid-resistant field-derived populations of Ae. aegypti at high and low density and measured the resulting phenotypic resistance and population kdr allele frequencies. RESULTS At low density, only 48.2% of the resistant population was knocked down, yet at high density, the population was no longer phenotypically resistant - 93% were knocked down when exposed to permethrin, which is considered susceptible according to WHO guidelines. Furthermore, the frequency of the C1534 kdr allele in the resistant population at high density decreased from 0.98 ± 0.04 to 0.69 ± 0.04 in only one generation of selection. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that larval conditions, specifically density, can impact both phenotype and genotype of pyrethroid-resistant populations. Furthermore, phenotypic susceptibility to pyrethroids may be re-established in a resistant population through a gene x environment interaction, a finding that can lead to the development of novel resistance management strategies that capitalize on density-induced costs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marissa K Grossman
- Department of Entomology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, PA, 16802, USA.
| | - Valentin Uc-Puc
- Departamento de Zoología, Campus de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Apartado Postal 4-116, Itzimna, 97000, Mérida, Yucatan, Mexico
| | - Adriana E Flores
- Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Av. Universidad s/n Cd. Universitaria, San Nicolas de los Garza, 66455, Nuevo Leon, Mexico
| | - Pablo C Manrique-Saide
- Departamento de Zoología, Campus de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Apartado Postal 4-116, Itzimna, 97000, Mérida, Yucatan, Mexico
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Alves TM, Maia AHN, Barrigossi JAF. Spatial Distribution and Coexisting Patterns of Adults and Nymphs of Tibraca limbativentris (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) in Paddy Rice Fields. ENVIRONMENTAL ENTOMOLOGY 2016; 45:1505-1514. [PMID: 28028098 DOI: 10.1093/ee/nvw141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2016] [Accepted: 09/20/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The rice stem stink bug, Tibraca limbativentris Stål (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae), is a primary insect pest of paddy rice in South America. Knowledge of its spatial distribution can support sampling plans needed for timely decisions about pest control. This study aimed to investigate the spatial distribution of adults and nymphs of T. limbativentris and determine the spatial coexistence of these stages of development. Fifteen paddy rice fields were scouted once each season to estimate insect densities. Scouting was performed on regular grids with sampling points separated by ∼50 m. Moran's I and semivariograms were used to determine spatial distribution patterns. Spatial coexistence of nymphs and adults was explored via spatial point process. Here, adults and nymphs had typically contrasting spatial distribution patterns within the same field; however, the frequency of aggregation was not different between these developmental stages. Adults and nymphs were aggregated in seven fields and randomly distributed in the other eight fields. Uniform distribution of adults or nymphs was not observed. The study-wide semivariogram ranges were ∼40 m for adults and ∼55 m for nymphs. Nymphs and adults spatially coexisted on 67% of the fields. Coexisting patterns were classified using one of the following processes: stage-independent, bidirectional attractive, unidirectional attractive, bidirectional inhibiting, or unidirectional inhibiting. The information presented herein can be important for developing sampling plans for decision-making, implementing tactics for site-specific management, and monitoring areas free of T. limbativentris.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tavvs M Alves
- Department of Entomology, University of Minnesota, 1980 Folwell Ave., Saint Paul, MN 55108
- Laboratório de Entomologia, Embrapa Arroz e Feijão, Rodovia GO-462, Km 12 Zona Rural - C.P. 179, Santo Antônio de Goiás, GO, Brasil, CEP 75375-000, Brasil
| | - Aline H N Maia
- Laboratório de Geotecnologias e Métodos Quantitativos, Embrapa Meio Ambiente, Rodovia SP-340, Km 127 - C.P. 69, Jaguariúna, SP, Brasil, CEP 13820-000, Brasil
| | - José A F Barrigossi
- Laboratório de Entomologia, Embrapa Arroz e Feijão, Rodovia GO-462, Km 12 Zona Rural - C.P. 179, Santo Antônio de Goiás, GO, Brasil, CEP 75375-000, Brasil
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Pitch and Flat Roof Factors’ Association with Spatiotemporal Patterns of Dengue Disease Analysed Using Pan-Sharpened Worldview 2 Imagery. ISPRS INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GEO-INFORMATION 2015. [DOI: 10.3390/ijgi4042586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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