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Delézay O, Hodin S, Hé Z, Ollier E, Delavenne X. Functional, proteomic and phenotypic in vitro studies evidence podocyte injury after chronic exposure to heparin. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2021; 429:115683. [PMID: 34411582 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2021.115683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Unfractionated heparin (UFH) is a widely used anticoagulant that possess numerous properties including anti-inflammatory, anti-viral, anti-angiogenesis, and anti-metastatic effects. The effect of this drug was evaluated on the podocyte, an important actor of the glomerular filtration. Using a functional approach, we demonstrate that heparin treatment leads to a functional podocyte perturbation characterized by the increase of podocyte monolayer permeability. This effect is enhanced with time of exposure. Proteomic study reveals that heparin down regulate focal adhesion and cytoskeletal protein expressions as well as the synthesis of glomerular basement membrane components. This study clearly demonstrates that UFH may affect podocyte function by altering cytoskeleton organization, cell-cell contacts and cell attachment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivier Delézay
- INSERM, U1059, Dysfonction Vasculaire et Hémostase, Saint-Etienne, France.
| | - Sophie Hodin
- INSERM, U1059, Dysfonction Vasculaire et Hémostase, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Zhiguo Hé
- EA 2521, Biologie, Ingénierie et Imagerie de la Greffe de Cornée (BIIGC), Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Edouard Ollier
- INSERM, U1059, Dysfonction Vasculaire et Hémostase, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Xavier Delavenne
- INSERM, U1059, Dysfonction Vasculaire et Hémostase, Saint-Etienne, France
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Agarwal S, Sudhini YR, Reiser J, Altintas MM. From Infancy to Fancy: A Glimpse into the Evolutionary Journey of Podocytes in Culture. KIDNEY360 2020; 2:385-397. [PMID: 35373019 PMCID: PMC8740988 DOI: 10.34067/kid.0006492020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Podocytes are critical components of the filtration barrier and responsible for maintaining healthy kidney function. An assault on podocytes is generally associated with progression of chronic glomerular diseases. Therefore, podocyte pathophysiology is a favorite research subject for nephrologists. Despite this, podocyte research has lagged because of the unavailability of techniques for culturing such specialized cells ex vivo in quantities that are adequate for mechanistic studies. In recent years, this problem was circumvented by the efforts of researchers, who successfully developed several in vitro podocyte cell culture model systems that paved the way for incredible discoveries in the field of nephrology. This review sets us on a journey that provides a comprehensive insight into the groundbreaking breakthroughs and novel technologic advances made in the field of podocyte cell culture so far, beginning from its inception, evolution, and progression. In this study, we also describe in detail the pros and cons of different models that are being used to culture podocytes. Our extensive and exhaustive deliberation on the status of podocyte cell culture will facilitate researchers to choose wisely an appropriate model for their own research to avoid potential pitfalls in the future.
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Oyama T, Yaoita E, Yoshida Y, Ikarashi A, Fujinaka H. Distinct differences between cultured podocytes and parietal epithelial cells of the Bowman's capsule. Cell Tissue Res 2020; 380:581-591. [PMID: 31989254 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-020-03170-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Phenotypic changes in culture hamper the identification and characterization of cultured podocytes and parietal epithelial cells of the Bowman's capsule (PECs). We have recently established culture conditions that restore podocytes to their differentiated phenotypes. We compared podocytes and PECs cultured under the same conditions to determine the unique characteristics of the two cell types. Performing this comparison under the same conditions accentuated these differences. Podocytes behaved like non-epithelial cells by extending cell processes even at confluence. By contrast, PECs behaved like typical epithelial cells by maintaining a polygonal appearance. Other differences were identified using immunostaining and RT-PCR; podocytes expressed high levels of podocyte-specific markers while PECs expressed high levels of PEC-specific markers. However, while podocytes expressed low levels of PEC markers, PECs expressed low levels of podocyte markers. Therefore, the identification of podocytes and PECs in culture requires the evaluation of respective cell markers and the expression of markers for other cell types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomizo Oyama
- Department of Structural Pathology, Kidney Research Center, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 1-757 Asahimachi-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata-shi, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan
| | - Eishin Yaoita
- Department of Structural Pathology, Kidney Research Center, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 1-757 Asahimachi-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata-shi, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan.
| | - Yutaka Yoshida
- Department of Structural Pathology, Kidney Research Center, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 1-757 Asahimachi-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata-shi, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan
| | - Ayako Ikarashi
- Division of Instrumental Analysis, Center for Coordination of Research Facilities, Institute for Research Promotion, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Hidehiko Fujinaka
- Department of Clinical Research, Niigata National Hospital, Kashiwazaki, Japan
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4
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Delézay O, Hé Z, Sabido O, Hodin S, Bin V, Saleem MA, Mismetti P, Delavenne X. Effects of heparin and derivatives on podocytes: An in vitro functional and morphological evaluation. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:15438-15449. [PMID: 30684278 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2018] [Accepted: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Unfractionated heparin (UFH) and low molecular heparin derivatives (LMWH) display numerous biological properties in addition to their anticoagulant effects. However, due to the physicochemical heterogeneity of these drugs, a better understanding concerning their effects on human cells is clearly needed. Considering that heparins are mainly excreted by the kidney, we focused our attention on the effect of UFH and LMWH on human podocytes by functional and morphological/phenotypic in vitro analyses. We demonstrated that these products differentially modulate the permeability of podocyte monolayer to albumin. The functional perturbations observed were correlated to significant cellular morphological and cytoskeletal changes, as well as a decrease in the expression of proteins involved in podocyte adherence to the extracellular matrix or intercellular interactions. This point confirms that UFH and the different LMWHs exert specific effects on podocyte permeability and underlines the need of in vitro tests to evaluate new biological nonanticoagulant properties of LMWH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivier Delézay
- INSERM, U1059, Dysfonction Vasculaire et Hémostase, Saint-Etienne, France.,Université de Lyon, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Zhiguo Hé
- Université de Lyon, Saint-Etienne, France.,EA 2521, Biologie, Ingénierie et Imagerie de la Greffe de Cornée (BIIGC), Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Odile Sabido
- INSERM, U1059, Dysfonction Vasculaire et Hémostase, Saint-Etienne, France.,Université de Lyon, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Sophie Hodin
- INSERM, U1059, Dysfonction Vasculaire et Hémostase, Saint-Etienne, France.,Université de Lyon, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Valérie Bin
- INSERM, U1059, Dysfonction Vasculaire et Hémostase, Saint-Etienne, France.,Université de Lyon, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Moin A Saleem
- University of Bristol, Bristol Royal Hospital for Children, Bristol, UK
| | - Patrick Mismetti
- Unité de Recherche Clinique Innovation et Pharmacologie, CHU de Saint-Etienne, Saint Etienne, France
| | - Xavier Delavenne
- INSERM, U1059, Dysfonction Vasculaire et Hémostase, Saint-Etienne, France.,Université de Lyon, Saint-Etienne, France.,Laboratoire de Pharmacologie Toxicologie, CHU Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France
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Horikawa A, Yoneda T, Yaoita E, Yamaguchi K, Shigenobu S, Kuramochi M, Yamate J, Inui T, Ishibashi O. A novel splicing variant of small nucleolar RNA host gene 4 is a podocyte-selective non-coding RNA upregulated in response to puromycin aminonucleoside-induced podocyte injury. J Biochem 2018; 165:447-454. [DOI: 10.1093/jb/mvy118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2018] [Accepted: 12/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Aya Horikawa
- Department of Applied Life Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tomomi Yoneda
- Department of Applied Life Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai, Osaka, Japan
| | - Eishin Yaoita
- Department of Structural Pathology, Kidney Research Center, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 1-757 Asahimachi-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata, Japan
| | - Katsushi Yamaguchi
- NIBB Core Research Facilities, National Institute for Basic Biology, 38 Nishigonaka, Myodaiji, Okazaki, Japan
| | - Shuji Shigenobu
- NIBB Core Research Facilities, National Institute for Basic Biology, 38 Nishigonaka, Myodaiji, Okazaki, Japan
| | - Mizuki Kuramochi
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-58 Rinku-Ourai-Kita, Izumisano, Osaka, Japan
| | - Jyoji Yamate
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-58 Rinku-Ourai-Kita, Izumisano, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takashi Inui
- Department of Applied Life Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai, Osaka, Japan
| | - Osamu Ishibashi
- Department of Applied Life Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai, Osaka, Japan
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Yaoita E, Yoshida Y, Nameta M, Takimoto H, Fujinaka H. Induction of interdigitating cell processes in podocyte culture. Kidney Int 2018; 93:519-524. [DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2017.06.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2017] [Revised: 06/13/2017] [Accepted: 06/22/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Delézay O, He Z, Hodin S, Saleem MA, Mismetti P, Perek N, Delavenne X. Glomerular filtration drug injury: In vitro evaluation of functional and morphological podocyte perturbations. Exp Cell Res 2017; 361:300-307. [PMID: 29107066 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2017.10.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2017] [Revised: 10/24/2017] [Accepted: 10/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The kidney is an organ that plays a major role in the excretion of numerous compounds such as drugs and chemicals. However, a great number of pharmacological molecules are nephrotoxic, affecting the efficiency of the treatment and increasing morbidity or mortality. Focusing on glomerular filtration, we propose in this study a simple and reproducible in vitro human model that is able to bring to light a functional podocyte injury, correlated with morphologic/phenotypic changes after drug exposure. This model was used for the evaluation of paracellular permeability of FITC-dextran molecules as well as FITC-BSA after different treatments. Puromycin aminonucleoside and adriamycin, compounds known to induce proteinuria in vivo and that serve here as positive nephrotoxic drug controls, were able to induce an important increase in fluorescent probe passage through the cell monolayer. Different molecules were then evaluated for their potential effect on podocyte filtration. Our results demonstrated that a drug effect could be time dependent, stable or scalable and relatively specific. Immunofluorescence studies indicated that these functional perturbations were due to cytoskeletal perturbations, monolayer disassembly or could be correlated with a decrease in nephrin expression and/or ZO-1 relocation. Taken together, our results demonstrated that this in vitro human model represents an interesting tool for the screening of the renal toxicity of drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivier Delézay
- INSERM, U1059, Dysfonction Vasculaire et Hémostase, Saint-Etienne, France; Université de Lyon, Saint-Etienne F-42023, France.
| | - Zhiguo He
- Université de Lyon, Saint-Etienne F-42023, France; EA 2521, Biologie, Ingénierie et Imagerie de la Greffe de Cornée (BIIGC), Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Sophie Hodin
- INSERM, U1059, Dysfonction Vasculaire et Hémostase, Saint-Etienne, France; Université de Lyon, Saint-Etienne F-42023, France
| | - Moin A Saleem
- University of Bristol, Bristol Royal Hospital for Children, Bristol, UK
| | - Patrick Mismetti
- Unité de Recherche Clinique Innovation et Pharmacologie, CHU de Saint-Etienne, F-42055 Saint Etienne, France
| | - Nathalie Perek
- INSERM, U1059, Dysfonction Vasculaire et Hémostase, Saint-Etienne, France; Université de Lyon, Saint-Etienne F-42023, France
| | - Xavier Delavenne
- INSERM, U1059, Dysfonction Vasculaire et Hémostase, Saint-Etienne, France; Université de Lyon, Saint-Etienne F-42023, France; Laboratoire de Pharmacologie Toxicologie, CHU Saint-Etienne, F-42055 Saint-Etienne, France
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