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Schnabel F, Barry KE, Eckhardt S, Guillemot J, Geilmann H, Kahl A, Moossen H, Bauhus J, Wirth C. Neighbourhood species richness and drought-tolerance traits modulate tree growth and δ 13 C responses to drought. PLANT BIOLOGY (STUTTGART, GERMANY) 2024; 26:330-345. [PMID: 38196270 DOI: 10.1111/plb.13611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
Mixed-species forests are promoted as a forest management strategy for climate change adaptation, but whether they are more resistant to drought than monospecific forests remains contested. In particular, the trait-based mechanisms driving the role of tree diversity under drought remain elusive. Using tree cores from a large-scale biodiversity experiment, we investigated tree growth and physiological stress responses (i.e. increase in wood carbon isotopic ratio; δ13 C) to changes in climate-induced water availability (wet to dry years) along gradients in neighbourhood tree species richness and drought-tolerance traits. We hypothesized that neighbourhood species richness increases growth and decreases δ13 C and that these relationships are modulated by the abiotic (i.e. climatic conditions) and the biotic context. We characterised the biotic context using drought-tolerance traits of focal trees and their neighbours. These traits are related to cavitation resistance versus resource acquisition and stomatal control. Tree growth increased with neighbourhood species richness. However, we did not observe a universal relief of water stress in species-rich neighbourhoods. The effects of neighbourhood species richness and climate on growth and δ13 C were modulated by the traits of focal trees and the traits of their neighbours. At either end of each drought-tolerance gradient, species responded in opposing directions during dry and wet years. We show that species' drought-tolerance traits can explain the strength and nature of biodiversity-ecosystem functioning relationships in experimental tree communities experiencing drought. Mixing tree species can increase growth but may not universally relieve drought stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Schnabel
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Systematic Botany and Functional Biodiversity, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
- Chair of Silviculture, Faculty of Environment and Natural Resources, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - K E Barry
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Systematic Botany and Functional Biodiversity, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
- Ecology and Biodiversity, Department of Biology, Institute of Environmental Biology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - S Eckhardt
- Systematic Botany and Functional Biodiversity, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - J Guillemot
- CIRAD, UMR Eco&Sols, Piracicaba, Brazil
- Eco&Sols, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, INRAE, Institut Agro, IRD, Campus SupAgro, Montpellier, France
- Department of Forest Sciences, ESALQ, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - H Geilmann
- Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, Jena, Germany
| | - A Kahl
- Systematic Botany and Functional Biodiversity, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - H Moossen
- Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, Jena, Germany
| | - J Bauhus
- Chair of Silviculture, Faculty of Environment and Natural Resources, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - C Wirth
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Systematic Botany and Functional Biodiversity, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, Jena, Germany
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2
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Cushman KC, Albert LP, Norby RJ, Saatchi S. Innovations in plant science from integrative remote sensing research: an introduction to a Virtual Issue. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2023; 240:1707-1711. [PMID: 37915249 DOI: 10.1111/nph.19237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
This article is an Editorial to the Virtual issue on ‘Remote sensing’ that includes the following papers Chavana‐Bryant et al. (2017), Coupel‐Ledru et al. (2022), Cushman & Machado (2020), Disney (2019), D'Odorico et al. (2020), Dong et al. (2022), Fischer et al. (2019), Gamon et al. (2023), Gu et al. (2019), Guillemot et al. (2020), Jucker (2021), Koh et al. (2022), Konings et al. (2019), Kothari et al. (2023), Martini et al. (2022), Richardson (2019), Santini et al. (2021), Schimel et al. (2019), Serbin et al. (2019), Smith et al. (2019, 2020), Still et al. (2021), Stovall et al. (2021), Wang et al. (2020), Wong et al. (2020), Wu et al. (2021), Wu et al. (2017), Wu et al. (2018), Wu et al. (2019), Xu et al. (2021), Yan et al. (2021). Access the Virtual Issue at www.newphytologist.com/virtualissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- K C Cushman
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 91109, USA
| | - Loren P Albert
- College of Forestry, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA
| | - Richard J Norby
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA
| | - Sassan Saatchi
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 91109, USA
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3
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Ray T, Delory BM, Beugnon R, Bruelheide H, Cesarz S, Eisenhauer N, Ferlian O, Quosh J, von Oheimb G, Fichtner A. Tree diversity increases productivity through enhancing structural complexity across mycorrhizal types. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadi2362. [PMID: 37801499 PMCID: PMC10558120 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adi2362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023]
Abstract
Tree species diversity and mycorrhizal associations play a central role for forest productivity, but factors driving positive biodiversity-productivity relationships remain poorly understood. In a biodiversity experiment manipulating tree diversity and mycorrhizal associations, we examined the roles of above- and belowground processes in modulating wood productivity in young temperate tree communities and potential underlying mechanisms. We found that tree species richness, but not mycorrhizal associations, increased forest productivity by enhancing aboveground structural complexity within communities. Structurally complex communities were almost twice as productive as structurally simple stands, particularly when light interception was high. We further demonstrate that overyielding was largely explained by positive net biodiversity effects on structural complexity with functional variation in shade tolerance and taxonomic diversity being key drivers of structural complexity in mixtures. Consideration of stand structural complexity appears to be a crucial element in predicting carbon sequestration in the early successional stages of mixed-species forests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tama Ray
- Institute of General Ecology and Environmental Protection, Technische Universität Dresden, Tharandt, Germany
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Institute of Biology/Geobotany and Botanical Garden, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Benjamin M. Delory
- Institute of Ecology, Leuphana University of Lüneburg, Lüneburg, Germany
| | - Rémy Beugnon
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Leipzig Institute for Meteorology, Universität Leipzig, Stephanstraße 3, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
- CEFE, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, EPHE, IRD, 1919, route de Mende, F-34293 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Helge Bruelheide
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Institute of Biology/Geobotany and Botanical Garden, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Simone Cesarz
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Institute of Biology, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Nico Eisenhauer
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Institute of Biology, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Olga Ferlian
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Institute of Biology, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Julius Quosh
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Institute of Biology, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Goddert von Oheimb
- Institute of General Ecology and Environmental Protection, Technische Universität Dresden, Tharandt, Germany
| | - Andreas Fichtner
- Institute of Ecology, Leuphana University of Lüneburg, Lüneburg, Germany
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4
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Butz EM, Schmitt LM, Parker JD, Burghardt KT. Positive tree diversity effects on arboreal spider abundance are tied to canopy cover in a forest experiment. Ecology 2023; 104:e4116. [PMID: 37263980 DOI: 10.1002/ecy.4116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Human actions are decreasing the diversity and complexity of forests, and a mechanistic understanding of how these changes affect predators is needed to maintain ecosystem services, including pest regulation. Using a large-scale tree diversity experiment, we investigate how spiders respond to trees growing in plots of single or mixed species combinations (4 or 12) by repeatedly sampling 540 trees spanning 15 species. In 2019 (6 years post-establishment), spider responses to tree diversity varied by tree species. By 2021, diversity had a more consistently positive effect, with trees in 4- or 12-species plots supporting 23% or 50% more spiders, respectively, compared to conspecifics in monocultures. Spiders showed stronger tree species preferences in late summer, and the positive impact of plot diversity doubled. In early summer, the positive diversity effect was tied to higher canopy cover in diverse plots, leading to higher spider densities. This indirect path strengthened in late summer, with an additional direct effect of plot diversity on spiders. Prey availability was higher in diverse plots but was not tied to spider density. Overall, diverse plots supported more predators, partly by increasing available habitat. Adopting planting strategies focused on species mixtures may better maintain higher trophic levels and ecosystem functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth M Butz
- Department of Entomology, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA
| | - Lauren M Schmitt
- Department of Entomology, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA
| | - John D Parker
- Smithsonian Environmental Research Center, Edgewater, Maryland, USA
| | - Karin T Burghardt
- Department of Entomology, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA
- Smithsonian Environmental Research Center, Edgewater, Maryland, USA
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5
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Neighbourhood Species Richness Reduces Crown Asymmetry of Subtropical Trees in Sloping Terrain. REMOTE SENSING 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/rs14061441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
Reforestation in sloping terrain is an important measure for soil erosion control and sustainable watershed management. The mechanical stability of such reforested stands, however, can be low due to a strong asymmetric shape of tree crowns. We investigated how neighbourhood tree species richness, neighbourhood pressure, tree height, and slope inclination affect crown asymmetry in a large-scale plantation biodiversity-ecosystem functioning experiment in subtropical China (BEF-China) over eight years. We took the advantage of terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) measurements, which provide non-destructive, high-resolution data of tree structure without altering tree interactions. Neighbourhood species richness significantly reduced crown asymmetry, and this effect became stronger at steeper slopes. Our results suggest that tree diversity promotes the mechanical stability of forest stands in sloping terrain and highlight the importance of TLS-data for a comprehensive understanding of the role of tree diversity in modulating crown interactions in mixed-species forest plantations.
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6
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Müller S, Mitesser O, Oschwald L, Scherer-Lorenzen M, Potvin C. Temporal Soundscape Patterns in a Panamanian Tree Diversity Experiment: Polycultures Show an Increase in High Frequency Cover. Front Ecol Evol 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2022.808589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In this ecoacoustic study we used the setting of a tropical tree diversity planted forest to analyze temporal patterns in the composition of soundscapes and to test the effects of tree species richness on associated biodiversity measured as acoustic diversity. The analysis of soundscapes offers easy, rapid and sustainable methods when assessing biodiversity. During the last years the quantification of regional or global acoustic variability in sounds and the analysis of different soundscapes has been evolving into an important tool for biodiversity conservation, especially since case studies confirmed a relationship between land-use management, forest structure and acoustic diversity. Here we analyzed soundscapes from two seasons (dry and rainy season) and aurally inspected a subset of audio recordings to describe temporal patterns in soundscape composition. Several acoustic indices were calculated and we performed a correlation analysis and a non-metric multidimensional scaling analysis to identify acoustic indices that: (i) were complementary to each other and such represented different aspects of the local soundscapes and (ii) related most strongly to differences in acoustic composition among tree species richness, season and day phase. Thus, we chose “High Frequency Cover,” “Bioacoustic Index,” and “Events Per Second” to test the hypothesis that acoustic diversity increases with increasing tree species richness. Monocultures differed significantly from polycultures during night recordings, with respect to High Frequency Cover. This index covers sounds above 8 kHz and thus represents part of the orthopteran community. We conclude that increasing tree species richness in a young tropical forest plantation had positive effects on the vocalizing communities. The strongest effects were found for acoustic activity of the orthopteran community. In contrast to birds, orthopterans have smaller home ranges, and are therefore important indicator species for small scale environmental conditions.
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7
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Schnabel F, Liu X, Kunz M, Barry KE, Bongers FJ, Bruelheide H, Fichtner A, Härdtle W, Li S, Pfaff CT, Schmid B, Schwarz JA, Tang Z, Yang B, Bauhus J, von Oheimb G, Ma K, Wirth C. Species richness stabilizes productivity via asynchrony and drought-tolerance diversity in a large-scale tree biodiversity experiment. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:eabk1643. [PMID: 34919425 PMCID: PMC8682986 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abk1643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Extreme climatic events threaten forests and their climate mitigation potential globally. Understanding the drivers promoting ecosystem stability is therefore considered crucial for mitigating adverse climate change effects on forests. Here, we use structural equation models to explain how tree species richness, asynchronous species dynamics, species-level population stability, and drought-tolerance traits relate to the stability of forest productivity along an experimentally manipulated species richness gradient ranging from 1 to 24 tree species. Tree species richness improved community stability by increasing asynchrony. That is, at higher species richness, interannual variation in productivity among tree species buffered the community against stress-related productivity declines. This effect was positively related to variation in stomatal control and resistance-acquisition strategies among species, but not to the community-weighted means of these trait syndromes. The identified mechanisms by which tree species richness stabilizes forest productivity emphasize the importance of diverse, mixed-species forests to adapt to climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Schnabel
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Systematic Botany and Functional Biodiversity, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Xiaojuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Matthias Kunz
- Institute of General Ecology and Environmental Protection, Technische Universität Dresden, Tharandt, Germany
| | - Kathryn E. Barry
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Systematic Botany and Functional Biodiversity, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
- Ecology and Biodiversity, Institute of Environmental Biology, Department of Biology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Franca J. Bongers
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Helge Bruelheide
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Institute of Biology/Geobotany and Botanical Garden, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Andreas Fichtner
- Institute of Ecology, Leuphana University of Lüneburg, Lüneburg, Germany
| | - Werner Härdtle
- Institute of Ecology, Leuphana University of Lüneburg, Lüneburg, Germany
| | - Shan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Claas-Thido Pfaff
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Systematic Botany and Functional Biodiversity, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Bernhard Schmid
- Department of Geography, Remote Sensing Laboratories, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Julia A. Schwarz
- Chair of Silviculture, Institute of Forest Sciences, Freiburg University, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Zhiyao Tang
- Institute of Ecology, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, and Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Bo Yang
- Institute of Biology, Geobotany and Botanical Garden, Jingdezhen University, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jürgen Bauhus
- Chair of Silviculture, Institute of Forest Sciences, Freiburg University, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Goddert von Oheimb
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Institute of General Ecology and Environmental Protection, Technische Universität Dresden, Tharandt, Germany
| | - Keping Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Christian Wirth
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- Systematic Botany and Functional Biodiversity, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, Jena, Germany
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8
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Perles‐Garcia MD, Kunz M, Fichtner A, Härdtle W, von Oheimb G. Tree species richness promotes an early increase of stand structural complexity in young subtropical plantations. J Appl Ecol 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2664.13973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maria D. Perles‐Garcia
- Institute of Biology/Geobotany and Botanical Garden Martin Luther University Halle‐Wittenberg Halle (Saale) Germany
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle‐Jena‐Leipzig Leipzig Germany
| | - Matthias Kunz
- Institute of General Ecology and Environmental Protection Technische Universität Dresden Tharandt Germany
| | - Andreas Fichtner
- Institute of Ecology Leuphana University of Lüneburg Lüneburg Germany
| | - Werner Härdtle
- Institute of Ecology Leuphana University of Lüneburg Lüneburg Germany
| | - Goddert von Oheimb
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle‐Jena‐Leipzig Leipzig Germany
- Institute of General Ecology and Environmental Protection Technische Universität Dresden Tharandt Germany
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9
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Trogisch S, Liu X, Rutten G, Xue K, Bauhus J, Brose U, Bu W, Cesarz S, Chesters D, Connolly J, Cui X, Eisenhauer N, Guo L, Haider S, Härdtle W, Kunz M, Liu L, Ma Z, Neumann S, Sang W, Schuldt A, Tang Z, van Dam NM, von Oheimb G, Wang MQ, Wang S, Weinhold A, Wirth C, Wubet T, Xu X, Yang B, Zhang N, Zhu CD, Ma K, Wang Y, Bruelheide H. The significance of tree-tree interactions for forest ecosystem functioning. Basic Appl Ecol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.baae.2021.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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10
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Hildebrand M, Perles-Garcia MD, Kunz M, Härdtle W, von Oheimb G, Fichtner A. Reprint of: Tree-tree interactions and crown complementarity: the role of functional diversity and branch traits for canopy packing. Basic Appl Ecol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.baae.2021.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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11
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Williams LJ, Butler EE, Cavender-Bares J, Stefanski A, Rice KE, Messier C, Paquette A, Reich PB. Enhanced light interception and light use efficiency explain overyielding in young tree communities. Ecol Lett 2021; 24:996-1006. [PMID: 33657676 DOI: 10.1111/ele.13717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Revised: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Diverse plant communities are often more productive than mono-specific ones. Several possible mechanisms underlie this phenomenon but their relative importance remains unknown. Here we investigated whether light interception alone or in combination with light use efficiency (LUE) of dominant and subordinate species explained greater productivity of mixtures relative to monocultures (i.e. overyielding) in 108 young experimental tree communities. We found mixed-species communities that intercepted more light than their corresponding monocultures had 84% probability of overyielding. Enhanced LUE, which arose via several pathways, also mattered: the probability of overyielding was 71% when, in a mixture, species with higher 'inherent' LUE (i.e. LUE in monoculture) intercepted more light than species with lower LUE; 94% when dominant species increased their LUE in mixture; and 79% when subordinate species increased their LUE. Our results suggest that greater light interception and greater LUE, generated by inter and intraspecific variation, together drive overyielding in mixed-species forests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura J Williams
- Department of Forest Resources, University of Minnesota, St Paul, MN, 55108, USA.,Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior, University of Minnesota, St Paul, MN, 55108, USA
| | - Ethan E Butler
- Department of Forest Resources, University of Minnesota, St Paul, MN, 55108, USA
| | - Jeannine Cavender-Bares
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior, University of Minnesota, St Paul, MN, 55108, USA
| | - Artur Stefanski
- Department of Forest Resources, University of Minnesota, St Paul, MN, 55108, USA
| | - Karen E Rice
- Department of Forest Resources, University of Minnesota, St Paul, MN, 55108, USA.,Extension Education, University of Florida, Fort Lauderdale, FL, 33314, USA
| | - Christian Messier
- Centre for Forest Research, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, QC, H3C 3P8, Canada.,Institut des sciences de la forêt tempérée, Université du Québec en Outaouais, Ripon, QC, J0V 1V0, Canada
| | - Alain Paquette
- Centre for Forest Research, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, QC, H3C 3P8, Canada
| | - Peter B Reich
- Department of Forest Resources, University of Minnesota, St Paul, MN, 55108, USA.,Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, 2753, Australia
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12
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Jansen K, von Oheimb G, Bruelheide H, Härdtle W, Fichtner A. Tree species richness modulates water supply in the local tree neighbourhood: evidence from wood δ13C signatures in a large-scale forest experiment. Proc Biol Sci 2021; 288:20203100. [PMID: 33653137 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2020.3100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Biodiversity is considered to mitigate the adverse effects of changing precipitation patterns. However, our understanding of how tree diversity at the local neighbourhood scale modulates the water use and leaf physiology of individual trees remains unclear. We made use of a large-scale tree diversity experiment in subtropical China to study eight tree species along an experimentally manipulated gradient of local neighbourhood tree species richness. Twig wood carbon isotope composition (δ13Cwood) was used as an indicator for immediate leaf-level responses to water availability in relation to local neighbourhood conditions and a target tree's functional traits. Across species, a target tree's δ13Cwood signatures decreased progressively with increasing neighbourhood species richness, with effects being strongest at high neighbourhood shading intensity. Moreover, the δ13Cwood-shading relationship shifted from positive (thin-leaved species) or neutral (thick-leaved species) in conspecific to negative in heterospecific neighbourhoods, most likely owing to a lower interspecific competition for water and microclimate amelioration. This suggests that promoting tree species richness at the local neighbourhood scale may improve a tree's local water supply with potential effects for an optimized water-use efficiency of tree communities during drought. This assumption, however, requires validation by further studies that focus on mechanisms that regulate the water availability in mixtures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirstin Jansen
- Institute of Ecology, Leuphana University of Lüneburg, Universitätsallee 1, 21335 Lüneburg, Germany
| | - Goddert von Oheimb
- Institute of General Ecology and Environmental Protection, Technische Universität Dresden, Pienner Straße 7, 01737 Tharandt, Germany.,German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv), Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Puschstr. 4, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Helge Bruelheide
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv), Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Puschstr. 4, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.,Institute of Biology/Geobotany and Botanical Garden, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Am Kirchtor 1, 06108 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Werner Härdtle
- Institute of Ecology, Leuphana University of Lüneburg, Universitätsallee 1, 21335 Lüneburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Fichtner
- Institute of Ecology, Leuphana University of Lüneburg, Universitätsallee 1, 21335 Lüneburg, Germany
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13
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Morin X, Bugmann H, Coligny F, Martin‐StPaul N, Cailleret M, Limousin J, Ourcival J, Prevosto B, Simioni G, Toigo M, Vennetier M, Catteau E, Guillemot J. Beyond forest succession: A gap model to study ecosystem functioning and tree community composition under climate change. Funct Ecol 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.13760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xavier Morin
- CEFECNRSUniv. MontpellierEPHEIRDUniv. Paul Valéry Montpellier 3 Montpellier France
| | - Harald Bugmann
- Forest Ecology Institute of Terrestrial Ecosystems ETH Zürich Zürich Switzerland
| | - François Coligny
- AMAP UMR931, Botany and Computational Plant Architecture Université de Montpellier – CIRAD – CNRS – INRAE – IRD Montpellier Cedex 5 France
| | - Nicolas Martin‐StPaul
- INRAEURFMDomaine Saint PaulINRAE Centre de recherche PACADomaine Saint‐Paul Site Agroparc France
| | - Maxime Cailleret
- INRAE Aix‐en‐ProvenceAix Marseille UniversitéUMR RECOVER Aix‐en‐Provence Cedex 5 France
| | - Jean‐Marc Limousin
- CEFECNRSUniv. MontpellierEPHEIRDUniv. Paul Valéry Montpellier 3 Montpellier France
| | - Jean‐Marc Ourcival
- CEFECNRSUniv. MontpellierEPHEIRDUniv. Paul Valéry Montpellier 3 Montpellier France
| | - Bernard Prevosto
- INRAE Aix‐en‐ProvenceAix Marseille UniversitéUMR RECOVER Aix‐en‐Provence Cedex 5 France
| | - Guillaume Simioni
- INRAEURFMDomaine Saint PaulINRAE Centre de recherche PACADomaine Saint‐Paul Site Agroparc France
| | - Maude Toigo
- CEFECNRSUniv. MontpellierEPHEIRDUniv. Paul Valéry Montpellier 3 Montpellier France
| | - Michel Vennetier
- INRAE Aix‐en‐ProvenceAix Marseille UniversitéUMR RECOVER Aix‐en‐Provence Cedex 5 France
| | | | - Joannès Guillemot
- CIRADUMR Eco&Sols Montpellier France
- Eco&SolsUniv MontpellierCIRADINRAE, MontpellierSupAgro Montpellier France
- Department of Forest Sciences ESALQUniversity of São Paulo Piracicaba Brazil
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14
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Hildebrand M, Perles-Garcia MD, Kunz M, Härdtle W, von Oheimb G, Fichtner A. Tree-tree interactions and crown complementarity: The role of functional diversity and branch traits for canopy packing. Basic Appl Ecol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.baae.2020.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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15
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Cushman KC, Machado JL. Plasticity in branching and crown architecture helps explain how tree diversity increases tropical forest production. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2020; 228:1163-1165. [PMID: 32860714 DOI: 10.1111/nph.16855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- K C Cushman
- Center for Tropical Forest Science - Forest Global Earth Observatory, Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, PO Box 0843-03092, Balboa, Ancón, Panama
| | - Jose-Luis Machado
- Department of Biology, Swarthmore College, 500 College Avenue, Swarthmore, PA, 19081, USA
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