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Reis CSM, Reis JGC, Conceição-Silva F, Valete CM. Oral and oropharyngeal mucosal lesions: clinical-epidemiological study of patients attended at a reference center for infectious diseases. Braz J Otorhinolaryngol 2024; 90:101396. [PMID: 38359743 PMCID: PMC10877199 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjorl.2024.101396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the prevalence, epidemiological profile, and clinical characteristics of Oral or Oropharyngeal Mucosal Lesions (OOPML) in patients attended at the Otorhinolaryngology Service of the Evandro Chagas National Institute of Infectious Diseases (INI-FIOCRUZ) from 2005 to 2017. METHODS Statistical analysis of descriptive data from medical records (gender, age, education level, skin color, origin, smoking, alcoholism, HIV co-infection, time of disease evolution, first symptom, and OOPML location) was performed. RESULTS Of 7551 patients attended at the service, 620 (8.2%) were included in the study. OOPML were classified into developmental anomalies (n = 3), infectious diseases (non-granulomatous n = 220; granulomatous n = 155), autoimmune diseases (n = 24), neoplasms (benign n = 13; malignant, n = 103), and unclassified epithelial/soft tissue diseases (n = 102). OOPML of infectious diseases (60.5%) and neoplasms (18.7%) were the most frequent. The predominant demographics of patients with OOPML were: males (63.5%), white (53.5%), and those in the fifth to sixth decades of life (43.3%). Local pain (18.1%) and odynophagia (15%) were the most reported first symptoms, and the most frequent OOPML sites were the palatine tonsil (28.5%), hard palate (22.7%), and tongue (20.3%). The median evolution time was three months. CONCLUSIONS Infectious OOPML were the most frequent, as expected in a reference center for infectious diseases, and thus, they are likely to be less frequent in general care and/or dental services. Underreporting of OOPML is possible, as oral/oropharyngeal examination is often not included in the routine medical examination. Oral cavity/oropharynx examination should be performed by specialists, such as dentists and otorhinolaryngologists, who have the expertise in identifying OOPML, even in incipient/asymptomatic cases. Given the numerous diseases in which OOPML can present, diagnosis could be facilitated by multidisciplinary teams, potentially enabling the early treatment of diseases, and thus, reduce morbidity and improve prognosis. The use of standardized medical records for oral/oropharyngeal systematic examination could provide relevant tools for differential diagnoses and information for new clinical-epidemiological studies. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level 3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clarissa Souza Mota Reis
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas (INI), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Instituto Oswaldo Cruz (IOC), Laboratório de Imunoparasitologia, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - João Gustavo Corrêa Reis
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas (INI), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Instituto Oswaldo Cruz (IOC), Laboratório de Imunoparasitologia, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; Hospital Federal de Bonsucesso, Departamento de Broncoesofagolaringologia e Cirurgia de Cabeça e Pescoço, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Fátima Conceição-Silva
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Instituto Oswaldo Cruz (IOC), Laboratório de Imunoparasitologia, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Cláudia Maria Valete
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas (INI), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Faculdade de Medicina, Departamento de Otorrinolaringologia e Oftalmologia, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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Panigrahi R, Priyadarshini SR, Sahoo PK, Alam T, Saeed S, Hasan S. Lepromatous Leprosy Manifesting As Chronic Macrocheilia: Report of a Rare Case. Cureus 2023; 15:e47859. [PMID: 38021977 PMCID: PMC10680308 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.47859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Leprosy is a chronic debilitating disorder caused by the acid-fast bacilli Mycobacterium leprae (M. leprae) and Mycobacterium lepromatosis. These bacilli exhibit a distinctive predilection for the skin and peripheral nerves, although they can potentially impact any system in the body. Lately, there has been a notable reduction in mucosal symptoms, largely attributed to the timely diagnosis and treatment of leprosy. Nonetheless, oral lesions continue to hold significant epidemiological importance due to their crucial role in disease transmission. Oral manifestations, although rare, are frequently encountered in individuals afflicted with multi-bacillary leprosy. Chronic macrocheilia is an exceedingly rare manifestation of the disease, with only a few documented case reports and case studies. This article aims to document an exceptionally uncommon case of lepromatous leprosy with chronic macrocheilia as the sole presenting feature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajat Panigrahi
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Institute of Dental Sciences, Siksha O Anusandhan University, Bhubaneswar, IND
| | - Smita R Priyadarshini
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Institute of Dental Sciences, Siksha O Anusandhan University, Bhubaneswar, IND
| | - Pradyumna K Sahoo
- Department of Prosthodontics, Institute of Dental Sciences, Siksha O Anusandhan University, Bhubaneswar, IND
| | - Tanveer Alam
- Department of Dental Surgery, College of Dentistry King Khalid University, Abha, SAU
| | - Shazina Saeed
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Amity Institute of Public Health & Hospital Administration, Amity University, Noida, IND
| | - Shamimul Hasan
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, IND
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Cabido LF, Romañach MJ. Bacterial Lesions of the Oral Mucosa. Oral Maxillofac Surg Clin North Am 2023; 35:159-173. [PMID: 37019503 DOI: 10.1016/j.coms.2022.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
Abstract
Nonodontogenic bacterial infections of the oral cavity are not a common finding in the United States. Nevertheless, there has been an increase in prevalence of certain bacterial sexually transmitted diseases, such as syphilis and gonorrhea, and conditions such as tuberculosis still pose a serious threat to certain segments of the population. Finally, given the uncommon nature and pathophysiology of these diseases, diagnosis is often delayed, resulting in more clinically significant disease and potential contamination of individuals. Thus, it is prudent that clinicians be familiar with these uncommon but potentially serious infectious diseases, so treatment can be instituted promptly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leticia Ferreira Cabido
- Department of Diagnosis and Oral Health, University of Louisville School of Dentistry 501 South Preston St. Louisville, KY 40202, USA.
| | - Mário José Romañach
- Department of Oral Diagnosis and Pathology, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Brazil
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do Espírito Santo RB, Serafim RA, Loureiro RM, Gonçalves DVC, Sumi DV, de Mello RAF, Collin SM, Deps PD. Clinical and radiological evaluation of maxillofacial and otorhinolaryngological manifestations of Hansen's disease. Sci Rep 2022; 12:14912. [PMID: 36050504 PMCID: PMC9436959 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-19072-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
To characterize maxillofacial, otorhinolaryngological and oral manifestations of Hansen's disease (HD), we conducted a cross-sectional study in 21 current patients attending the Unidade Básica de Saúde de Jardim América, Espírito Santo, Brazil and 16 former patients resident at Pedro Fontes Hospital using data from computed tomography imaging, rhinoscopy, and oroscopy. Maxillofacial characteristics were compared with 37 controls. Differences in bone alterations across the three groups were determined mainly by severe resorption/atrophy being more frequent in former HD patients, with severe resorption/atrophy of the anterior alveolar process of maxilla in 50.0% (8/16) of former patients, 28.6% (6/21) of current patients and 10.8% (4/37) of controls and of nasal bones and aperture in 31.3% (5/16) of former patients compared with 0/21 current patients and two controls. There were no substantial differences in otorhinolaryngological and oroscopic findings between the two patient groups. HD patients had more tooth loss than the age-matched control group. Maxillofacial, otorhinolaryngological and oroscopic finding scores were strongly correlated only in current HD patients. Correlation between otorhinolaryngological and maxillofacial scores suggests that protocols for HD patient assessment and follow-up could include otorhinolaryngological evaluation, with radiological imaging where necessary, subject to replication of our findings in a larger study.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rachel Azevedo Serafim
- Postgraduate Programme in Infectious Diseases, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitoria, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Simon M Collin
- Postgraduate Programme in Infectious Diseases, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitoria, Espírito Santo, Brazil
- Department of Social Medicine, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Avenida Marechal Campos, 1468. Maruípe, Vitoria, Espírito Santo, CEP: 29047-105, Brazil
| | - Patrícia D Deps
- Postgraduate Programme in Infectious Diseases, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitoria, Espírito Santo, Brazil.
- Department of Social Medicine, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Avenida Marechal Campos, 1468. Maruípe, Vitoria, Espírito Santo, CEP: 29047-105, Brazil.
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Amaral LKDS, Felippe LA, Gonçalves GH, Christofoletti G. Activity limitations in leprosy and their association to cognition and neuropsychiatric symptoms. Rev Bras Enferm 2021; 74:e20200649. [PMID: 33886930 DOI: 10.1590/0034-7167-2020-0649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES to analyze activity limitations in patients with leprosy and their association to cognition and neuropsychiatric symptoms. METHODS this cross-sectional design study included sixty patients with multibacillary leprosy assisted at a reference center. Participants were divided according to their physical disability and submitted to instruments assessing daily activities (basic and instrumental), cognitive functions, and neuropsychiatric symptoms. The order of the instruments was random to avoid any interference of test sequence on the results. RESULTS fifty-five percent of the participants presented physical disabilities. All patients were independent in performing basic activities but sixty-six percent presented difficulties in performing instrumental activities. Cognitive decline and neuropsychiatric symptoms were seen in advanced stages of the disease, but they were more associated to patient age than to leprosy. CONCLUSIONS leprosy patients presented physical disabilities and difficulties in performing instrumental daily activities. Cognitive decline and neuropsychiatric symptoms were more associated to aging than to leprosy itself.
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Stephan C, Khalil J, Abbas O. Reply to: "The histopathological spectrum of Melkersson-Rosenthal syndrome: Analysis of 47 cases". J Cutan Pathol 2020; 48:604-605. [PMID: 33305383 DOI: 10.1111/cup.13935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Carla Stephan
- Department of Dermatology, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Joanna Khalil
- Department of Dermatology, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Ossama Abbas
- Department of Dermatology, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
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Characteristics of Oral Lesions in Patients With Hansen Disease. ACTAS DERMO-SIFILIOGRAFICAS 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.adengl.2020.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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Moronta Castellano G, Villarroel-Dorrego M, Crespo Lessmann L. Caracterización de lesiones bucales de pacientes con enfermedad de Hansen. ACTAS DERMO-SIFILIOGRAFICAS 2020; 111:671-677. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ad.2020.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Revised: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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de Castro TF, Tomo S, Santos-Silva AR, Bernabé DG, Biasoli ÉR, Crivelini MM, Okamoto AC, Miyahara GI. Granulomatous ulceration of the palate. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2020; 131:390-394. [PMID: 32593618 DOI: 10.1016/j.oooo.2020.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Revised: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tamara Fernandes de Castro
- Oral Oncology Center, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, São Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Saygo Tomo
- Oral Oncology Center, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, São Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alan Roger Santos-Silva
- Oral Diagnosis Department, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Daniel Galera Bernabé
- Oral Oncology Center, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, São Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Éder Ricardo Biasoli
- Oral Oncology Center, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, São Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Macedo Crivelini
- Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, São Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana Cláudia Okamoto
- Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, São Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Glauco Issamu Miyahara
- Oral Oncology Center, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, São Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Maymone MBC, Laughter M, Venkatesh S, Dacso MM, Rao PN, Stryjewska BM, Hugh J, Dellavalle RP, Dunnick CA. Leprosy: Clinical aspects and diagnostic techniques. J Am Acad Dermatol 2020; 83:1-14. [PMID: 32229279 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2019.12.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2019] [Revised: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Leprosy, also known as Hansen's disease, is a curable infectious disease that remains endemic in >140 countries around the world. Despite being declared "eliminated" as a global public health problem by the World Health Organization in the year 2000, approximately 200,000 new cases were reported worldwide in 2017. Widespread migration may bring leprosy to nonendemic areas, such as North America. In addition, there are areas in the United States where autochthonous (person-to-person) transmission of leprosy is being reported among Americans without a history of foreign exposure. In the first article in this continuing medical education series, we review leprosy epidemiology, transmission, classification, clinical features, and diagnostic challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayra B C Maymone
- Department of Dermatology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Denver, Colorado
| | - Melissa Laughter
- Department of Dermatology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Denver, Colorado
| | - Samantha Venkatesh
- Department of Dermatology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Mara M Dacso
- National Hansen's (Leprosy) Disease Program, Baton Rouge, Louisiana; University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - P Narasimha Rao
- Special Interest Group on Leprosy, Indian Association of Dermatologists, Venereologists and Leprologists, Hyderabad, India
| | | | - Jeremy Hugh
- Department of Dermatology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Denver, Colorado
| | - Robert P Dellavalle
- Department of Dermatology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Denver, Colorado
| | - Cory A Dunnick
- Department of Dermatology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Denver, Colorado.
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Vohra P, Rahman MSU, Subhada B, Tiwari RVC, Nabeel Althaf MS, Gahlawat M. Oral manifestation in leprosy: A cross-sectional study of 100 cases with literature review. J Family Med Prim Care 2019; 8:3689-3694. [PMID: 31803674 PMCID: PMC6881956 DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_766_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2019] [Revised: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Leprosy is a chronic granulomatous disease of the peripheral nerve and muscle of upper respiratory tract. Consequence to the neighboring primary site, oral lesions have been seen in 20--60% of patient with leprosy mainly lepromatous leprosy. The lepromatous nodules may be infective and may lead to the spread of disease and hence require proper diagnosis. Aim: To assess oral lesion in leprosy patients. To assess the disease and the occurrence of oral lesion according to age and gender. To detect any primary lesion in oral cavity and compare these lesions in duration to study. Materials and Methods: A total of 100 patients with leprosy were examined and there oral manifestations were recorded. Results: It was found that 70 (70%) leprosy patients showed oral manifestations. And 18 (25%) had chronic generalized periodontitis, 9 (12.8%) cases of oral melanosis, 7 (10%) atrophy of papillae and loss of taste sensation each, 6 (8.5%) complained of aphthous and candidiasis each, 5 (7.14%) depigmentation, and 4 (5.71%) smokers palate, oral submucous fibrosis, and fissured tongue. Conclusion: Our clinical findings are in conjugation with previous studies; however, as per the review of literature this is the first study worldwide where we have examined 100 cases of leprosy which has not been documented till date. We suggest that the lesser incidence of oral lesions observed recently compared to older reports because of more effective present treatment which is initiated earlier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Puneeta Vohra
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Faculty of Dental Sciences, SGT University, Gurgaon, Haryana, India
| | - Md Siraj Ur Rahman
- Department of Prosthodontics, Govt Dental College and Hospital, Afzal Gunj Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - B Subhada
- Department of Periodontics, Sri Sai College of Dental Surgery, Vikarabad, Telangana, India
| | - Rahul Vinay Chandra Tiwari
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Sri Sai College of Dental Surgery, Vikarabad, Telangana, India
| | - M S Nabeel Althaf
- Consultant Periodontist, Kavil's Smiley Multi Specialty Dental Clinic, Uppala, Kasaragod, India
| | - Monika Gahlawat
- Department of OMFS, Maharaja Ganga Singh Dental College and Research Centre, 11 L.N.P, Hanumangarh Rd, Sri Ganganagar, Rajasthan, India
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Oro-facial manifestations in lepromatous leprosy patients in Central India: clinical findings from a cross-sectional study. Clin Oral Investig 2019; 24:1981-1986. [PMID: 31435822 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-019-03061-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To clinically evaluate the oro-facial manifestations in lepromatous leprosy patients undergoing multidrug therapy in Central India. MATERIALS AND METHODS Two hundred patients from 2 leprosy treatment centers in Central India who satisfied the diagnostic criteria set by the WHO (2006-2010) committee on leprosy were included in the study. To avoid bias, only patients who started the multi-drug treatment regimen less than 1 year ago were included. All the patients were examined for the presence of oral and facial manifestations. To confirm that the oro-facial manifestations were not due to HIV co-infection, serological diagnostic tests including ELISA, Immunocomb, and Tri-dot were performed. RESULTS Majority of the patients (n = 189) exhibited oral (n = 145) and/or facial (n = 147) manifestations. The most common oral lesions were found to be fissuring and depapillation of the tongue followed by fibrosis and loss of uvula. Among the facial manifestations, facial skin lesions and loss of eyebrows were most prevalent followed by sagging of facial skin and facies leonine. CONCLUSION The facial manifestations of leprosy are quite common, readily recognizable, and relatively specific to the disease. Thus, the presence of facial manifestations, especially with co-existing oral lesions must prompt the clinician to mandate further investigations to confirm the diagnosis. CLINICAL RELEVANCE As evidenced by the present study, facial manifestations and oral lesions are an integral part of leprosy. In addition to being a diagnostic parameter, facial manifestations and oral lesions could potentially be used to monitor the disease progression and treatment outcome.
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Ferreira RC, Gonçalves TX, Soares ARDS, Carvalho LRDA, Campos FL, Ribeiro MTDF, Martins AMEDBL, Ferreira EFE. Dependence on others for oral hygiene and its association with hand deformities and functional impairment in elders with a history of leprosy. Gerodontology 2018; 35:237-245. [PMID: 29781555 DOI: 10.1111/ger.12346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyse the frequency of dependence on others for oral hygiene and its association with hand deformities, frailty and dependence on others for basic activities of daily living (BADL) among elders with a history of leprosy. BACKGROUND Dependence on others for oral hygiene has not been considered in multifunctional geriatric assessments. MATERIAL AND METHODS Edentulous elders with a history of leprosy who used complete dentures and resided in a former leprosy colony were classified as independent or partially/completely dependent on others for brushing their dentures or rinsing and for BADL, and as frail or robust. The presence of hand deformities was assessed by an occupational therapist. RESULTS 28.4% and 14.9% were completely/partially dependent on others for brushing and rinsing, respectively. The dependence for BADL was observed in 21.6% and hand deformities in 17.6%. A higher odds of dependence for brushing/rinsing was found among elders who were dependent on others for BADL. Brushing dependence (61.5%) was more frequent among participants with hand deformities than those without this condition (21.3%) (OR: 6.8; 95% IC: 1.2-37.9; P = .028). There was no association between frailty and brushing (P = .068) or rinsing (P = .202) dependence. CONCLUSION Approximately one-third of elders have a dependence on others for brushing; a smaller proportion is dependent on others for rinsing. Older people who are dependent on others for BADL and who present hand deformities are more likely to be dependent on others for denture brushing and rinsing. Elders may perform oral self-care even when they present frailty.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Conceição Ferreira
- Department of Community and Preventive Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Efigênia Ferreira E Ferreira
- Department of Community and Preventive Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
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Almeida ZMD, Ramos AN, Raposo MT, Martins-Melo FR, Vasconcellos C. Oral health conditions in leprosy cases in hyperendemic area of the Brazilian Amazon. Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo 2017; 59:e50. [PMID: 28902294 PMCID: PMC5574624 DOI: 10.1590/s1678-9946201759050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2016] [Accepted: 03/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Leprosy is a hyperendemic chronic condition in the Rondônia State . Despite the significant impact of oral health on the quality of life and clinical evolution of leprosy patients, systematic evaluation of oral health status has been neglected. To analyze the dental-clinical profile, self-perceived oral health and dental health service access of leprosy cases in the municipality of Cacoal in Rondônia State , North Brazil, from 2001 to 2012. A descriptive, cross-sectional study design was performed based on dental evaluation and standardized structured instruments. We investigated clinically assessed and self-perceived oral health status, as well as dental health service access. A total of 303 leprosy cases were included; 41.6% rated their oral health as good, and 42.6% reported being satisfied with their oral health. Self-reported loss of upper teeth was 45.5%. The clinical evaluation revealed that 54.5% had active caries. Most (97.7%) cases reported having been to the dentist at least once in their life and 23.1% used public health services. The poor standard of oral health in this population may increase the risk for leprosy reactions, consequently reducing quality of life. Low access to public health dental services and poor self-perceived oral health reinforce the need to achieve comprehensive health care in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alberto Novaes Ramos
- Universidade Federal do Ceará, Faculdade de Medicina, Departamento de Saúde Comunitária, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Marcos Túlio Raposo
- Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia, Departamento de Saúde I, Campus Jequié, Bahia, Brazil
| | | | - Cidia Vasconcellos
- Instituto de Assistência Médica ao Servidor Público Estadual, São Paulo, Brazil
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