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Hillaert J, Vandegehuchte ML, Hovestadt T, Bonte D. Habitat loss and fragmentation increase realized predator–prey body size ratios. Funct Ecol 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.13472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jasmijn Hillaert
- Department of Biology Terrestrial Ecology Unit Ghent University Ghent Belgium
| | | | - Thomas Hovestadt
- Department of Animal Ecology and Tropical Biology Biocenter University of Würzburg Würzburg Germany
| | - Dries Bonte
- Department of Biology Terrestrial Ecology Unit Ghent University Ghent Belgium
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Sundstrom SM, Angeler DG, Barichievy C, Eason T, Garmestani A, Gunderson L, Knutson M, Nash KL, Spanbauer T, Stow C, Allen CR. The distribution and role of functional abundance in cross-scale resilience. Ecology 2018; 99:2421-2432. [PMID: 30175443 PMCID: PMC6792002 DOI: 10.1002/ecy.2508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2018] [Revised: 05/29/2018] [Accepted: 07/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The cross-scale resilience model suggests that system-level ecological resilience emerges from the distribution of species' functions within and across the spatial and temporal scales of a system. It has provided a quantitative method for calculating the resilience of a given system and so has been a valuable contribution to a largely qualitative field. As it is currently laid out, the model accounts for the spatial and temporal scales at which environmental resources and species are present and the functional roles species play but does not inform us about how much resource is present or how much function is provided. In short, it does not account for abundance in the distribution of species and their functional roles within and across the scales of a system. We detail the ways in which we would expect species' abundance to be relevant to the cross-scale resilience model based on the extensive abundance literature in ecology. We also put forward a series of testable hypotheses that would improve our ability to anticipate and quantify how resilience is generated, and how ecosystems will (or will not) buffer recent rapid global changes. This stream of research may provide an improved foundation for the quantitative evaluation of ecological resilience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shana M. Sundstrom
- School of Natural Resources, 103 Hardin Hall, 3310 Holdrege St., University of Nebraska-Lincoln, NE 68583, USA
- Corresponding author:
| | - David G. Angeler
- Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Department of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment, Box 7050, SE- 750 07 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Chris Barichievy
- Zoological Society of London. Regents Park, London NW1 4RY, UK
- Institute for Communities and Wildlife in Africa, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, Cape Town, 7700, South Africa
| | - Tarsha Eason
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Risk Management Research Laboratory, Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA
| | - Ahjond Garmestani
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Risk Management Research Laboratory, Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA
| | - Lance Gunderson
- Department of Environmental Studies, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA
| | | | - Kirsty L. Nash
- Centre for Marine Socioecology, Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS 7000
| | - Trisha Spanbauer
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Texas-Austin, TX 78712
| | - Craig Stow
- National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration Great Lakes Environmental Research Laboratory, Ann Arbor, MI 48108, USA
| | - Craig R. Allen
- U.S. Geological Survey - Nebraska Cooperative Fish & Wildlife Research Unit, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA
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Barichievy C, Angeler DG, Eason T, Garmestani AS, Nash KL, Stow CA, Sundstrom S, Allen CR. A method to detect discontinuities in census data. Ecol Evol 2018; 8:9614-9623. [PMID: 30386561 PMCID: PMC6202717 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.4297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2017] [Revised: 05/04/2018] [Accepted: 05/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
The distribution of pattern across scales has predictive power in the analysis of complex systems. Discontinuity approaches remain a fruitful avenue of research in the quest for quantitative measures of resilience because discontinuity analysis provides an objective means of identifying scales in complex systems and facilitates delineation of hierarchical patterns in processes, structure, and resources. However, current discontinuity methods have been considered too subjective, too complicated and opaque, or have become computationally obsolete; given the ubiquity of discontinuities in ecological and other complex systems, a simple and transparent method for detection is needed. In this study, we present a method to detect discontinuities in census data based on resampling of a neutral model and provide the R code used to run the analyses. This method has the potential for advancing basic and applied ecological research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris Barichievy
- Zoological Society of LondonLondonUK
- Institute for Communities and Wildlife in AfricaUniversity of Cape TownCape TownSouth Africa
| | - David G. Angeler
- Department of Aquatic Sciences and AssessmentSwedish University of Agricultural SciencesUppsalaSweden
| | - Tarsha Eason
- U.S. Environmental Protection AgencyOffice of Research and DevelopmentNational Risk Management Research LaboratoryCincinnatiOhio
| | - Ahjond S. Garmestani
- U.S. Environmental Protection AgencyOffice of Research and DevelopmentNational Risk Management Research LaboratoryCincinnatiOhio
| | - Kirsty L. Nash
- Centre for Marine SocioecologyHobartTASAustralia
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic StudiesUniversity of TasmaniaHobartTASAustralia
| | - Craig A. Stow
- NOAA Great Lakes Environmental Research LaboratoryAnn ArborMichigan
| | - Shana Sundstrom
- School of Natural ResourcesUniversity of NebraskaLincolnNebraska
| | - Craig R. Allen
- U.S. Geological SurveyNebraska Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research UnitUniversity of NebraskaLincolnNebraska
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Hillaert J, Vandegehuchte ML, Hovestadt T, Bonte D. Information use during movement regulates how fragmentation and loss of habitat affect body size. Proc Biol Sci 2018; 285:20180953. [PMID: 30111596 PMCID: PMC6111160 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2018.0953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
An individual's body size is central to its behaviour and physiology, and tightly linked to its movement ability. The spatial arrangement of resources and a consumer's capacity to locate them are therefore expected to exert strong selection on consumer body size. We investigated the evolutionary impact of both the fragmentation and loss of habitat on consumer body size and its feedback effects on resource distribution, under varying levels of information used during habitat choice. We developed a mechanistic, individual-based, spatially explicit model, including several allometric rules for key consumer traits. Our model reveals that as resources become more fragmented and scarce, informed habitat choice selects for larger body sizes while random habitat choice promotes small sizes. Information use may thus be an overlooked explanation for the observed variation in body size responses to habitat fragmentation. Moreover, we find that resources can accumulate and aggregate if information about resource abundance is incomplete. Informed movement results in stable resource-consumer dynamics and controlled resources across space. However, habitat loss and fragmentation destabilize local dynamics and disturb resource suppression by the consumer. Considering information use during movement is thus critical to understand the eco-evolutionary dynamics underlying the functioning and structuring of consumer communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmijn Hillaert
- Department of Biology, Terrestrial Ecology Unit, Ghent University, K. L. Ledeganckstraat 35, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Martijn L Vandegehuchte
- Department of Biology, Terrestrial Ecology Unit, Ghent University, K. L. Ledeganckstraat 35, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Thomas Hovestadt
- Department of Animal Ecology and Tropical Biology, Biocenter, University of Wuerzburg, Emil-Fischer-Strasse 32, 97074 Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Dries Bonte
- Department of Biology, Terrestrial Ecology Unit, Ghent University, K. L. Ledeganckstraat 35, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
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Chuang WC, Garmestani A, Eason TN, Spanbauer TL, Fried-Petersen HB, Roberts CP, Sundstrom SM, Burnett JL, Angeler DG, Chaffin BC, Gunderson L, Twidwell D, Allen CR. Enhancing quantitative approaches for assessing community resilience. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2018; 213:353-362. [PMID: 29502020 PMCID: PMC6748383 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.01.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2017] [Revised: 01/29/2018] [Accepted: 01/30/2018] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Scholars from many different intellectual disciplines have attempted to measure, estimate, or quantify resilience. However, there is growing concern that lack of clarity on the operationalization of the concept will limit its application. In this paper, we discuss the theory, research development and quantitative approaches in ecological and community resilience. Upon noting the lack of methods that quantify the complexities of the linked human and natural aspects of community resilience, we identify several promising approaches within the ecological resilience tradition that may be useful in filling these gaps. Further, we discuss the challenges for consolidating these approaches into a more integrated perspective for managing social-ecological systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- W C Chuang
- National Research Council, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 26 W. Martin Luther King Drive, Cincinnati, OH, 45268, USA
| | - A Garmestani
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, 26 W. Martin Luther King Drive, Cincinnati, OH, 45268, USA.
| | - T N Eason
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, 109 T. W. Alexander Drive, Research Triangle Park, NC, 27711, USA
| | - T L Spanbauer
- National Research Council, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 26 W. Martin Luther King Drive, Cincinnati, OH, 45268, USA
| | - H B Fried-Petersen
- Department of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, SE-750 07, Sweden
| | - C P Roberts
- School of Natural Resources, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, 103 Hardin Hall, 3310, Holdrege St., NE, 68583, USA
| | - S M Sundstrom
- School of Natural Resources, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, 103 Hardin Hall, 3310, Holdrege St., NE, 68583, USA
| | - J L Burnett
- School of Natural Resources, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, 103 Hardin Hall, 3310, Holdrege St., NE, 68583, USA
| | - D G Angeler
- Department of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, SE-750 07, Sweden
| | - B C Chaffin
- W.A. Franke College of Forestry & Conservation, University of Montana, 32 Campus Drive, Missoula, MT, 59812, USA
| | - L Gunderson
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Emory University, 201 Dowman Drive, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - D Twidwell
- Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68503-0984, USA
| | - C R Allen
- U.S. Geological Survey, Nebraska Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, 103 Hardin Hall, 3310 Holdrege St., Lincoln, NE, 68583, USA
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