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Chugh V, Mishra V, Sharma V, Kumar M, Ghorbel M, Kumar H, Rai A, Kumar R. Deciphering Physio-Biochemical Basis of Tolerance Mechanism for Sesame ( Sesamum indicum L.) Genotypes under Waterlogging Stress at Early Vegetative Stage. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:501. [PMID: 38498414 PMCID: PMC10892085 DOI: 10.3390/plants13040501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
Waterlogging represents a substantial agricultural concern, inducing harmful impacts on crop development and productivity. In the present study, 142 diverse sesame genotypes were examined during the early vegetative phase to assess their response under waterlogging conditions. Based on the severity of symptoms observed, 2 genotypes were classified as highly tolerant, 66 as moderately tolerant, 69 as susceptible, and 5 as highly susceptible. Subsequent investigation focused on four genotypes, i.e., two highly tolerant (JLT-8 and GP-70) and two highly susceptible (R-III-F6 and EC-335003). These genotypes were subjected to incremental stress periods (0 h, 24 h, 48 h, 72 h, and 96 h) to elucidate the biochemical basis of tolerance mechanisms. Each experiment was conducted as a randomized split-plot design with three replications, and the statistical significance of the treatment differences was determined using the one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by the Fisher least significant difference (LSD) test at p ≤ 0.05. The influence of waterlogging stress on morphological growth was detrimental for both tolerant and susceptible genotypes, with more severe consequences observed in the latter. Although adventitious roots were observed in both sets of genotypes above flooding levels, the tolerant genotypes exhibited a more rapid and vigorous development of these roots after 48 h of stress exposure. Tolerant genotypes displayed higher tolerance coefficients compared to susceptible genotypes. Furthermore, tolerant genotypes maintained elevated antioxidant potential, thereby minimizing oxidative stress. Conversely, susceptible genotypes exhibited higher accumulation of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and malondialdehyde content. Photosynthetic efficiency was reduced in all genotypes after 24 h of stress treatment, with a particularly drastic reduction in susceptible genotypes compared to their tolerant counterparts. Tolerant genotypes exhibited significantly higher activities of anaerobic metabolism enzymes, enabling prolonged survival under waterlogging conditions. Increase in proline content was observed in all the genotypes indicating the cellular osmotic balance adjustments in response to stress exposure. Consequently, the robust antioxidant potential and efficient anaerobic metabolism observed in the tolerant genotypes served as key mechanisms enabling their resilience to short-term waterlogging exposure. These findings underscore the promising potential of specific sesame genotypes in enhancing crop resilience against waterlogging stress, offering valuable insights for agricultural practices and breeding programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vishal Chugh
- Department of Basic & Social Sciences, College of Horticulture, Banda University of Agriculture and Technology, Banda 210001, India;
| | - Vigya Mishra
- Department of Postharvest Technology, College of Horticulture, Banda University of Agriculture and Technology, Banda 210001, India;
| | - Vijay Sharma
- Department of Genetics & Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, Banda University of Agriculture and Technology, Banda 210001, India; (M.K.); (H.K.)
| | - Mukul Kumar
- Department of Genetics & Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, Banda University of Agriculture and Technology, Banda 210001, India; (M.K.); (H.K.)
| | - Mouna Ghorbel
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, University of Hail, Ha’il P.O. Box 2440, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Hitesh Kumar
- Department of Genetics & Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, Banda University of Agriculture and Technology, Banda 210001, India; (M.K.); (H.K.)
| | - Ashutosh Rai
- Department of Basic & Social Sciences, College of Horticulture, Banda University of Agriculture and Technology, Banda 210001, India;
| | - Rahul Kumar
- ORISE Participant Sponsored by the U.S. Vegetable Laboratory, USDA ARS, 2700 Savannah Highway, Charleston, SC 29414, USA
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Tian M, Li D, Cisse EHM, Miao L, Zhou J, Yang W, Chen B, Li L, Tian H, Ye B, Yang F. Intra- and interspecific ecophysiological responses to waterlogging stress in two contrasting waterlogging-tolerant arbor species. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1257730. [PMID: 38023841 PMCID: PMC10679334 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1257730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
At present, establishing planted forests, typically composed of not more than two tree species, to avoid forest losses has received increasing attention. In addition, investigating the impact of environmental stress such as waterlogging on different planting patterns is essential for improving wetland ecosystem resilience. Knowledge about the impact of waterlogging on planted forests is crucial for developing strategies to mitigate its adverse effects. Here, we conducted experimentally a simulated pure and mixed planting system composed of two contrasting WL-tolerant species (Cleistocalyx operculatus and Syzygium cumini) to determine their ecophysiological responses based on the type of interaction. Results showed that the aboveground growth performance of S. cumini was better than that of C. operculatus under well-watered conditions regardless of the planting model, which is contrary to the belowground accumulation that was significantly improved in C. operculatus. Intra- and interspecific interactions in different planting models facilitated the growth performance of C. operculatus while provoking a significant competition in S. cumini under waterlogging. Such phenomenon was explained through the remarkable ability of C. operculatus to naturally increase its root network under stress on non-stress conditions compared with S. cumini. In this study, two main factors are proposed to play key roles in the remarkable performance of C. operculatus compared with S. cumini following the planting model under waterlogging. The high level of nitrogen and phosphor absorption through C. operculatus primary roots and the significant starch biosynthesis constituted the key element that characterized the facilitation or competition within the intra- or interspecific interactions shown in C. operculatus compared with S. cumini. Furthermore, the intraspecific competition is more pronounced in S. cumini than in C. operculatus when grown in a pure planting pattern, particularly when subjected to waterlogging. However, when the two species are planted together, this competition is alleviated, resulting in enhanced waterlogging tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengjie Tian
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Forestry Environmental Processes and Ecological Regulation of Hainan Province, Center for Eco-Environment Restoration Engineering of Hainan Province, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Dadong Li
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Forestry Environmental Processes and Ecological Regulation of Hainan Province, Center for Eco-Environment Restoration Engineering of Hainan Province, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, China
- School of Life Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - El-Hadji Malick Cisse
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Forestry Environmental Processes and Ecological Regulation of Hainan Province, Center for Eco-Environment Restoration Engineering of Hainan Province, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, China
- School of Life Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Lingfeng Miao
- School of Plant Protection, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Jingjing Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Forestry Environmental Processes and Ecological Regulation of Hainan Province, Center for Eco-Environment Restoration Engineering of Hainan Province, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Weizong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Forestry Environmental Processes and Ecological Regulation of Hainan Province, Center for Eco-Environment Restoration Engineering of Hainan Province, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Boshen Chen
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Forestry Environmental Processes and Ecological Regulation of Hainan Province, Center for Eco-Environment Restoration Engineering of Hainan Province, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Lijun Li
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Forestry Environmental Processes and Ecological Regulation of Hainan Province, Center for Eco-Environment Restoration Engineering of Hainan Province, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Huimin Tian
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Forestry Environmental Processes and Ecological Regulation of Hainan Province, Center for Eco-Environment Restoration Engineering of Hainan Province, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Bingbing Ye
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Forestry Environmental Processes and Ecological Regulation of Hainan Province, Center for Eco-Environment Restoration Engineering of Hainan Province, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Forestry Environmental Processes and Ecological Regulation of Hainan Province, Center for Eco-Environment Restoration Engineering of Hainan Province, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, China
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Physiological and Transcriptomic Analyses Reveal the Effects of Elevated Root-Zone CO2 on the Metabolism of Sugars and Starch in the Roots of Oriental Melon Seedlings. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232012537. [PMID: 36293393 PMCID: PMC9604077 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232012537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 10/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Root-zone CO2 is a major factor that affects crop growth, development, nutrient uptake, and metabolism. Oriental melon is affected by root-zone gases during growth, the microstructure, sugar and starch contents, enzymatic activities related to sugar and starch metabolism, and gene expression in the roots of oriental melon seedlings were investigated under three root-zone CO2 concentrations (CK: 0.2%, T1: 0.4%, T2: 1.1%). Elevated root-zone CO2 altered the cellular microstructure, accelerated the accumulation and release of starch grains, disrupted organelle formation, and accelerated root senescence. The sugar and starch contents and metabolic activity in the roots increased within a short duration following treatment. Compared to the control, 232 and 1492 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified on the 6th day of treatment in T1 and T2 plants, respectively. The DEGs were enriched in three metabolic pathways. The majority of genes related to sucrose and starch hydrolysis were upregulated, while the genes related to sucrose metabolism were downregulated. The study revealed that oriental melon seedlings adapt to elevated root-zone CO2 stress by adjusting sugar and starch metabolism at the transcriptome level and provides new insights into the molecular mechanism underlying the response to elevated root-zone CO2 stress.
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Li D, Cisse EHM, Guo L, Zhang J, Miao L, Yang F. Comparable and adaptable strategies to waterlogging stress regulated by adventitious roots between two contrasting species. TREE PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 42:971-988. [PMID: 34875093 DOI: 10.1093/treephys/tpab165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Cleistocalyx operculatus and Syzygium cumini possess a certain waterlogging tolerance. However, the comparable and adaptable strategies to waterlogging stress between these two species on the basis of waterlogging adventitious root (AR) regulation were still unclear. In this study, the plant performance in response to AR regulation based on AR removal (AR-R) and exogenous hormone application was investigated in terms of plant morphology, physiology, photosynthesis and AR traits. Results showed that C. operculatus possesses stronger waterlogging tolerance than S. cumini based on waterlogging tolerance coefficient, which is mainly due to the higher root biomass, root porosity and length, and activity of ARs, and shorter emergence time of ARs in C. operculatus than in S. cumini. The AR-R treatment increased activity and porosity of primary root, and induced a large amount of up-vertical ARs from the primary root systems in C. operculatus, while similar adaptive morphological changes in roots did not occur in AR-R-treated S. cumini. Exogenous abscisic acid (ABA) application had better effects on alleviating waterlogging damages than exogenous auxin (IAA) in balancing endogenous hormones (ABA and zeatin riboside), promoting AR development (porosity and activity, and the ratio of cortex area to stele area), improving the photosynthesis process and the antioxidant system (soluble protein, free proline and peroxidase). Moreover, under waterlogging conditions, exogenous ABA application induced greater increases in net photosynthesis rate, stomatal conductance, chlorophyll b and carotenoid in S. cumini than in C. operculatus, which suggested that S. cumini responded more positively and efficiently to exogenous ABA application than C. operculatus under waterlogging conditions. Thus, the findings provided new insights into the waterlogging adaptable strategies in waterlogging tolerant woody species on the basis of ARs and could provide scientific guidance for the application of these two species during revegetation activities in wetlands. Cleistocalyx operculatus could alternatively form a majority of up-vertical adventitious roots (ARs) from the primary roots after removing the normal ARs, but Syzygium cumini could not.Cleistocalyx operculatus possessed positive strategies to waterlogging stress, while S. cumini used traditional passive strategies.Exogenous abscisic acid (ABA) application had better effects on alleviating waterlogging damages in both species than exogenous auxin application.Syzygium cumini could more positively and efficiently respond to exogenous ABA application than C. operculatus.Waterlogging tolerance coefficient was significantly controlled by the chlorophyll contents and AR factors in C. operculatus and the AR factors and O2- in S. cumini.The best development of the AR number (ARN) and AR length (ARL) in exogenous ABA-treated C. operculatus may be closely related with positive zeatin riboside accumulation.The development of ARN and ARL was more important to waterlogging tolerance than that of AR porosity under waterlogging conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dadong Li
- School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, Hainan University, No. 58 Renmin Road, Meilan District, Haikou 570228, China
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Forestry Environmental Processes and Ecological Regulation of Hainan Province, No. 58 Renmin Road, Meilan District, Haikou 570228, China
| | - El-Hadji Malick Cisse
- School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, Hainan University, No. 58 Renmin Road, Meilan District, Haikou 570228, China
- School of Life Sciences, Hainan University, No. 58 Renmin Road, Meilan District, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Luyao Guo
- School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, Hainan University, No. 58 Renmin Road, Meilan District, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Juan Zhang
- School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, Hainan University, No. 58 Renmin Road, Meilan District, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Lingfeng Miao
- School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, Hainan University, No. 58 Renmin Road, Meilan District, Haikou 570228, China
- School of Plant Protection, Hainan University, No. 58 Renmin Road, Meilan District, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Fan Yang
- School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, Hainan University, No. 58 Renmin Road, Meilan District, Haikou 570228, China
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Forestry Environmental Processes and Ecological Regulation of Hainan Province, No. 58 Renmin Road, Meilan District, Haikou 570228, China
- Center for Eco-Environmental Restoration Engineering of Hainan Province, No. 58 Renmin Road, Meilan District, Haikou 570228, China
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Kyu KL, Malik AI, Colmer TD, Siddique KHM, Erskine W. Response of Mungbean (cvs. Celera II-AU and Jade-AU) and Blackgram (cv. Onyx-AU) to Transient Waterlogging. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:709102. [PMID: 34490010 PMCID: PMC8417111 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.709102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Mungbean [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek] and blackgram [Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper] are important crops for smallholder farmers in tropical and subtropical regions. Production of both crops is affected by unexpected and increasingly frequent extreme precipitation events, which result in transient soil waterlogging. This study aimed to compare the waterlogging tolerance of mungbean and blackgram genotypes under the varying duration of waterlogging stress at germination and seedling stages. We evaluated the responses to different durations of transient waterlogging in a sandy clay loam under temperature-controlled glasshouse conditions. Waterlogging durations were 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8 days during germination and 0, 2, 4, 8, and 16 days during the seedling stage. We used two mungbean genotypes (green testa), Celera II-AU (small-seeded), and Jade-AU (large-seeded), contrasting in seed size and hypocotyl pigmentation, and a blackgram genotype (black testa), Onyx-AU. Waterlogging reduced soil redox potential, delayed or even prevented germination, decreased seedling establishment, and affected shoot and root development. In the seedlings waterlogged (WL) at 15 days after sowing (DAS), adventitious root formation and crown nodulation varied between the genotypes, and 16 days of waterlogging substantially reduced growth but did not result in plant death. Plants in soil with waterlogging for 8-16 days followed by drainage and sampling at 39 DAS had reduced shoot and root dry mass by 60-65% in mungbean and 40% in blackgram compared with continuously drained controls, due at least in part to fewer lateral roots. Soil plant analysis development (SPAD) chlorophyll content was also reduced. Onyx-AU, a blackgram genotype, was more tolerant to transient waterlogging than Jade-AU and Celera II-AU in both growth stages. Of the two mungbean genotypes, Celera II-AU had a greater seedling establishment than Jade-AU post waterlogging imposed at sowing. In contrast, Jade-AU had more plant biomass and greater recovery growth than Celera II-AU after waterlogging and recovery during the seedling stage. Both species were delayed in emergence in response to the shorter periods of transient waterlogging at germination, and with the longer waterlogging germination and emergence failed, whereas at the seedling stage both showed adaptation by the formation of adventitious roots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khin Lay Kyu
- Centre for Plant Genetics and Breeding (PGB), University of Western Australia (UWA) School of Agriculture and Environment, Perth, WA, Australia
- UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Al Imran Malik
- Centre for Plant Genetics and Breeding (PGB), University of Western Australia (UWA) School of Agriculture and Environment, Perth, WA, Australia
- UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Timothy David Colmer
- Centre for Plant Genetics and Breeding (PGB), University of Western Australia (UWA) School of Agriculture and Environment, Perth, WA, Australia
- UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Kadambot H. M. Siddique
- Centre for Plant Genetics and Breeding (PGB), University of Western Australia (UWA) School of Agriculture and Environment, Perth, WA, Australia
- UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - William Erskine
- Centre for Plant Genetics and Breeding (PGB), University of Western Australia (UWA) School of Agriculture and Environment, Perth, WA, Australia
- UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
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Zhang Q, Yan Z, Li X. Ferrous iron facilitates the formation of iron plaque and enhances the tolerance of Spartina alterniflora to artificial sewage stress. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2020; 157:111379. [PMID: 32658718 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020.111379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The ferrous iron (Fe2+) facilitates the formation of root Fe plaque of wetland plants, but its effect on the tolerance of wetland plants to artificial sewage stress has been seldom reported. In this study, the influences of Fe2+ on the formation of Fe plaque and its effects on the tolerance of Spartina alterniflora to artificial sewage stress were investigated. The artificial sewage stress decreased the plant height and chlorophyll content and significantly increased the MDA content in leaves. The symptoms of these stresses were alleviated with increasing Fe2+ concentration accompanied by significant increase in leaf alcohol dehydrogenase activity. The increase of Fe2+ concentration significantly increased the root Fe plaque content and reduced the accumulation of toxic metals in leaves of S. alterniflora. These results support our hypothesis that the exogenous Fe2+ supply may enhance the stress resistance of S. alterniflora to artificial sewage containing heavy metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiqiong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China; Yangtze Delta Estuarine Wetland Ecosystem Observation and Research Station, Ministry of Education & Shanghai Science and Technology Committee, China
| | - Zhongzheng Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China; Yangtze Delta Estuarine Wetland Ecosystem Observation and Research Station, Ministry of Education & Shanghai Science and Technology Committee, China.
| | - Xiuzhen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China; Yangtze Delta Estuarine Wetland Ecosystem Observation and Research Station, Ministry of Education & Shanghai Science and Technology Committee, China
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Colmer TD, Winkel A, Kotula L, Armstrong W, Revsbech NP, Pedersen O. Root O 2 consumption, CO 2 production and tissue concentration profiles in chickpea, as influenced by environmental hypoxia. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2020; 226:373-384. [PMID: 31838743 DOI: 10.1111/nph.16368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Roots in flooded soils experience hypoxia, with the least O2 in the vascular cylinder. Gradients in CO2 across roots had not previously been measured. The respiratory quotient (RQ; CO2 produced : O2 consumed) is expected to increase as O2 availability declines. A new CO2 microsensor and an O2 microsensor were used to measure profiles across roots of chickpea seedlings in aerated or hypoxic conditions. Simultaneous, nondestructive flux measurements of O2 consumption, CO2 production, and thus RQ, were taken for roots with declining O2 . Radial profiling revealed severe hypoxia and c. 0.8 kPa CO2 within the root vascular cylinder. The distance penetrated by O2 into the roots was shorter at lower O2 . The gradient in CO2 was in the opposite direction to that of O2 , across the roots and diffusive boundary layer. RQ increased as external O2 was lowered. For chickpea roots in solution at air equilibrium, O2 was very low and CO2 was elevated within the vascular cylinder; the extent of the severely hypoxic core increased as external O2 was reduced. The increased RQ in roots in response to declining external O2 highlighted the shift from respiration to ethanolic fermentation as the severely hypoxic/anoxic core became a progressively greater proportion of the root tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy David Colmer
- The UWA School of Agriculture and Environment, Faculty of Science, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia
- ARC Industrial Transformation Research Hub on Legumes for Sustainable Agriculture, Faculty of Science, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Anders Winkel
- Freshwater Biological Laboratory, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 4, 3rd floor, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lukasz Kotula
- The UWA School of Agriculture and Environment, Faculty of Science, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia
- ARC Industrial Transformation Research Hub on Legumes for Sustainable Agriculture, Faculty of Science, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - William Armstrong
- The UWA School of Agriculture and Environment, Faculty of Science, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Hull, Kingston upon Hull, Yorkshire, HU6 7RX, UK
| | - Niels Peter Revsbech
- Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University Centre for Water Technology, Ny Munkegade 114-116, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Ole Pedersen
- The UWA School of Agriculture and Environment, Faculty of Science, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia
- Freshwater Biological Laboratory, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 4, 3rd floor, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Chen X, Yin Z, Yin Y, Xu C, Wang W, Liu Y, Li T. Effects of Elevated Root-Zone CO 2 on Root Morphology and Nitrogen Metabolism Revealed by Physiological and Transcriptome Analysis in Oriental Melon Seedling Roots. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E803. [PMID: 31991847 PMCID: PMC7037942 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21030803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2019] [Revised: 01/19/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Rhizosphere CO2 is vital for crop growth, development, and productivity. However, the mechanisms of plants' responses to root-zone CO2 are unclear. Oriental melons are sensitive to root-zone gas, often encountering high root-zone CO2 during cultivation. We investigated root growth and nitrogen metabolism in oriental melons under T1 (0.5%) and T2 (1.0%) root-zone CO2 concentrations using physiology and comparative transcriptome analysis. T1 and T2 increased root vigor and the nitrogen content in the short term. With increased treatment time and CO2 concentration, root inhibition increased, characterized by decreased root absorption, incomplete root cell structure, accelerated starch accumulation and hydrolysis, and cell aging. We identified 1280 and 1042 differentially expressed genes from T1 and T2, respectively, compared with 0.037% CO2-grown plants. Among them, 683 co-expressed genes are involved in stress resistance and nitrogen metabolism (enhanced phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, hormone signal transduction, glutathione metabolism, and starch and sucrose metabolism). Nitrogen metabolism gene expression, enzyme activity, and nitrogen content analyses showed that short-term elevated root-zone CO2 mainly regulated plant nitrogen metabolism post-transcriptionally, and directly inhibited it transcriptionally in the long term. These findings provided a basis for further investigation of nitrogen regulation by candidate genes in oriental melons under elevated root-zone CO2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Chen
- College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China; (X.C.); (Z.Y.); (Y.Y.); (C.X.); (W.W.)
- Key Laboratory of Protected Horticulture Ministry of Education, Shenyang 110866, China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Northern Horticultural Facilities Design & Application Technology, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Zepeng Yin
- College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China; (X.C.); (Z.Y.); (Y.Y.); (C.X.); (W.W.)
- Key Laboratory of Protected Horticulture Ministry of Education, Shenyang 110866, China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Northern Horticultural Facilities Design & Application Technology, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Yang Yin
- College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China; (X.C.); (Z.Y.); (Y.Y.); (C.X.); (W.W.)
- Key Laboratory of Protected Horticulture Ministry of Education, Shenyang 110866, China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Northern Horticultural Facilities Design & Application Technology, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Chuanqiang Xu
- College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China; (X.C.); (Z.Y.); (Y.Y.); (C.X.); (W.W.)
- Key Laboratory of Protected Horticulture Ministry of Education, Shenyang 110866, China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Northern Horticultural Facilities Design & Application Technology, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Wanxin Wang
- College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China; (X.C.); (Z.Y.); (Y.Y.); (C.X.); (W.W.)
- Key Laboratory of Protected Horticulture Ministry of Education, Shenyang 110866, China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Northern Horticultural Facilities Design & Application Technology, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Yiling Liu
- College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China; (X.C.); (Z.Y.); (Y.Y.); (C.X.); (W.W.)
- Key Laboratory of Protected Horticulture Ministry of Education, Shenyang 110866, China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Northern Horticultural Facilities Design & Application Technology, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Tianlai Li
- College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China; (X.C.); (Z.Y.); (Y.Y.); (C.X.); (W.W.)
- Key Laboratory of Protected Horticulture Ministry of Education, Shenyang 110866, China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Northern Horticultural Facilities Design & Application Technology, Shenyang 110866, China
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Pucciariello C, Boscari A, Tagliani A, Brouquisse R, Perata P. Exploring Legume-Rhizobia Symbiotic Models for Waterlogging Tolerance. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:578. [PMID: 31156662 PMCID: PMC6530402 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.00578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2018] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Unexpected and increasingly frequent extreme precipitation events result in soil flooding or waterlogging. Legumes have the capacity to establish a symbiotic relationship with endosymbiotic atmospheric dinitrogen-fixing rhizobia, thus contributing to natural nitrogen soil enrichment and reducing the need for chemical fertilization. The impact of waterlogging on nitrogen fixation and legume productivity needs to be considered for crop improvement. This review focuses on the legumes-rhizobia symbiotic models. We aim to summarize the mechanisms underlying symbiosis establishment, nodule development and functioning under waterlogging. The mechanisms of oxygen sensing of the host plant and symbiotic partner are considered in view of recent scientific advances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Pucciariello
- PlantLab, Institute of Life Sciences, Sant’Anna School of Advanced Studies, Pisa, Italy
| | - Alexandre Boscari
- Institut Sophia Agrobiotech, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Université Côte d’Azur, Nice, France
| | - Andrea Tagliani
- PlantLab, Institute of Life Sciences, Sant’Anna School of Advanced Studies, Pisa, Italy
| | - Renaud Brouquisse
- Institut Sophia Agrobiotech, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Université Côte d’Azur, Nice, France
| | - Pierdomenico Perata
- PlantLab, Institute of Life Sciences, Sant’Anna School of Advanced Studies, Pisa, Italy
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Foyer CH, Nguyen H, Lam HM. Legumes-The art and science of environmentally sustainable agriculture. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2019; 42:1-5. [PMID: 30575076 DOI: 10.1111/pce.13497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Symbiotic nitrogen fixation, which is carried out by the legume-rhizobia partnership, is a major source of nitrogen acquisition in natural ecosystems and in agriculture. The benefits to the plant gained through the rhizobial-legume symbiosis can be further enhanced by associations of the legume with arbuscular mycorrhiza. The progressive engagement of the legume host with the rhizobial bacteria and mycorrhizal fungi requires an extensive exchange of signalling molecules. These signals alter the transcriptional profiles of the partners, guiding and enabling extensive microbial and fungal proliferation in the roots. Such interactions and associations are greatly influenced by environmental stresses, which also severely limit the productivity of legume crops. Part II of the Special Issue on Legumes provides new insights into the mechanisms that underpin sustainable symbiotic partnerships, as well as the effects of abiotic stresses, such as drought, waterlogging, and salinity on legume biology. The requirement for germplasm and new breeding methods is discussed as well as the future of legume production in the face of climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine H Foyer
- Centre for Plant Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Henry Nguyen
- Division of Plant Sciences and National Center for Soybean Biotechnology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
| | - Hon-Ming Lam
- Centre for Soybean Research of the State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology and School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
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Zaman MSU, Malik AI, Erskine W, Kaur P. Changes in gene expression during germination reveal pea genotypes with either "quiescence" or "escape" mechanisms of waterlogging tolerance. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2019; 42:245-258. [PMID: 29761495 DOI: 10.1111/pce.13338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2017] [Revised: 05/01/2018] [Accepted: 05/01/2018] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Waterlogging causes germination failure in pea (Pisum sativum L.). Three genotypes (BARI Motorshuti-3, Natore local-2 [NL-2], and Kaspa) contrasting in ability to germinate in waterlogged soil were exposed to different durations of waterlogging. Whole genome RNAseq was employed to capture differentially expressing genes. The ability to germinate in waterlogged soil was associated with testa colour and testa membrane integrity as confirmed by electrical conductivity measurements. Genotypes Kaspa and NL-2 displayed different mechanisms of tolerance. In Kaspa, an energy conserving strategy was indicated by a strong upregulation of tyrosine protein kinsase and down regulation of linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase 5, a fat metabolism gene. In contrast, a faster energy utilization strategy was suggested in NL-2 by the marked upregulation of a subtilase family protein and peroxisomal adenine nucleotide carrier 2, a fat metabolizing gene. Waterlogging susceptibility in germinating seeds of genotype BARI Motorshuti-3 was linked to upregulation of a kunitz-type trypsin/protease inhibitor that blocks protein metabolism and may lead to excessive lipid metabolism and the membrane leakage associated with waterlogging damage. Pathway analyses based on gene ontologies showed seed storage protein metabolism as upregulated in tolerant genotypes and downregulated in the sensitive genotype. Understanding the tolerance mechanism provides a platform to breed for adaptation to waterlogging stress at germination in pea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Shahin Uz Zaman
- Centre for Plant Genetics and Breeding, UWA School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, 6009, Australia
- Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, 6009, Australia
| | - Al Imran Malik
- Centre for Plant Genetics and Breeding, UWA School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, 6009, Australia
| | - William Erskine
- Centre for Plant Genetics and Breeding, UWA School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, 6009, Australia
- Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, 6009, Australia
| | - Parwinder Kaur
- Centre for Plant Genetics and Breeding, UWA School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, 6009, Australia
- Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, 6009, Australia
- Telethon Kids Institute, Subiaco, Western Australia, 6008, Australia
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