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Rapin A, Rehbinder EM, Macowan M, Pattaroni C, Lødrup Carlsen KC, Harris NL, Jonassen CM, Landrø L, Lossius AH, Nordlund B, Rudi K, Skjerven HO, Cathrine Staff A, Söderhäll C, Ubags N, Vettukattil R, Marsland BJ. The skin microbiome in the first year of life and its association with atopic dermatitis. Allergy 2023; 78:1949-1963. [PMID: 36779606 DOI: 10.1111/all.15671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 02/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Early-life microbial colonization of the skin may modulate the immune system and impact the development of atopic dermatitis (AD) and allergic diseases later in life. To address this question, we assessed the association between the skin microbiome and AD, skin barrier integrity and allergic diseases in the first year of life. We further explored the evolution of the skin microbiome with age and its possible determinants, including delivery mode. METHODS Skin microbiome was sampled from the lateral upper arm on the first day of life, and at 3, 6, and 12 months of age. Bacterial communities were assessed by 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing in 346 infants from the PreventADALL population-based birth cohort study, representing 970 samples. Clinical investigations included skin examination and skin barrier function measured as trans-epidermal water loss (TEWL) at the site and time of microbiome sampling at 3, 6, and 12 months. Parental background information was recorded in electronic questionnaires, and delivery mode (including vaginal delivery (VD), VD in water, elective caesarean section (CS) and emergency CS) was obtained from maternal hospital charts. RESULTS Strong temporal variations in skin bacterial community composition were found in the first year of life, with distinct patterns associated with different ages. Confirming our hypothesis, skin bacterial community composition in the first year of life was associated with skin barrier integrity and later onsets of AD. Delivery mode had a strong impact on the microbiome composition at birth, with each mode leading to distinct patterns of colonization. Other possible determinants of the skin microbiome were identified, including environmental and parental factors as well as breastfeeding. CONCLUSION Skin microbiome composition during infancy is defined by age, transiently influenced by delivery mode as well as environmental, parental factors and breastfeeding. The microbiome is also associated with skin barrier integrity and the onset of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexis Rapin
- Global Health Institute, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
- Service de Pneumologie, Département de Médecine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Eva Maria Rehbinder
- Department of Dermatology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Matthew Macowan
- Department of Immunology, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Céline Pattaroni
- Service de Pneumologie, Département de Médecine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), Epalinges, Switzerland
- Department of Immunology, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Karin C Lødrup Carlsen
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Division of Paediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Nicola L Harris
- Global Health Institute, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
- Department of Immunology, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Christine M Jonassen
- Genetic Unit, Centre for Laboratory Medicine, Østfold Hospital Trust, Kalnes, Norway
| | - Linn Landrø
- Department of Dermatology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Astrid H Lossius
- Department of Dermatology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Björn Nordlund
- Astrid Lindgren Children's Hospital, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Knut Rudi
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway
| | - Håvard O Skjerven
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Division of Paediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Anne Cathrine Staff
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Cilla Söderhäll
- Astrid Lindgren Children's Hospital, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Niki Ubags
- Service de Pneumologie, Département de Médecine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Riyas Vettukattil
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Division of Paediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Benjamin J Marsland
- Service de Pneumologie, Département de Médecine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), Epalinges, Switzerland
- Department of Immunology, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Carvalho MJ, S Oliveira AL, Santos Pedrosa S, Pintado M, Pinto-Ribeiro I, Madureira AR. Skin Microbiota and the Cosmetic Industry. MICROBIAL ECOLOGY 2023; 86:86-96. [PMID: 35809121 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-022-02070-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Skin harbors an important microbial ecosystem - the skin microbiota that is in homeostasis with its host and is beneficial for human health. Cosmetic products have the potential to interfere with this microbial community; therefore their impact should be assessed. The aim of this review is to highlight the importance of skin microbiota in the cosmetic industry. Several studies determined that cosmetic ingredients have the potential to disrupt the skin microbiota equilibrium leading to the development of skin diseases and dysregulation of immune response. These studies led their investigation by using different methodologies and models, concluding that methods must be chosen according to the aim of the study, the skin site to be evaluated, and the target population of the cosmetics. Overall, it is crucial to test the impact of cosmetics in the skin microbiota and to stablish standard procedures, as well as specific criteria that allow to classify a cosmetic product as skin microbiota friendly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria João Carvalho
- Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005, Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana L S Oliveira
- Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005, Porto, Portugal
| | - Sílvia Santos Pedrosa
- Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005, Porto, Portugal
| | - Manuela Pintado
- Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005, Porto, Portugal
| | - Inês Pinto-Ribeiro
- Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005, Porto, Portugal
- Amyris Bio Products Portugal Unipessoal Lda, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005, Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana Raquel Madureira
- Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005, Porto, Portugal.
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The dynamic balance of the skin microbiome across the lifespan. Biochem Soc Trans 2023; 51:71-86. [PMID: 36606709 PMCID: PMC9988004 DOI: 10.1042/bst20220216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
For decades research has centered on identifying the ideal balanced skin microbiome that prevents disease and on developing therapeutics to foster this balance. However, this single idealized balance may not exist. The skin microbiome changes across the lifespan. This is reflected in the dynamic shifts of the skin microbiome's diverse, inter-connected community of microorganisms with age. While there are core skin microbial taxa, the precise community composition for any individual person is determined by local skin physiology, genetics, microbe-host interactions, and microbe-microbe interactions. As a key interface with the environment, the skin surface and its appendages are also constantly exchanging microbes with close personal contacts and the environment. Hormone fluctuations and immune system maturation also drive age-dependent changes in skin physiology that support different microbial community structures over time. Here, we review recent insights into the factors that shape the skin microbiome throughout life. Collectively, the works summarized within this review highlight how, depending on where we are in lifespan, our skin supports robust microbial communities, while still maintaining microbial features unique to us. This review will also highlight how disruptions to this dynamic microbial balance can influence risk for dermatological diseases as well as impact lifelong health.
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Microbiota succession throughout life from the cradle to the grave. Nat Rev Microbiol 2022; 20:707-720. [PMID: 35906422 DOI: 10.1038/s41579-022-00768-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Associations between age and the human microbiota are robust and reproducible. The microbial composition at several body sites can predict human chronological age relatively accurately. Although it is largely unknown why specific microorganisms are more abundant at certain ages, human microbiota research has elucidated a series of microbial community transformations that occur between birth and death. In this Review, we explore microbial succession in the healthy human microbiota from the cradle to the grave. We discuss the stages from primary succession at birth, to disruptions by disease or antibiotic use, to microbial expansion at death. We address how these successions differ by body site and by domain (bacteria, fungi or viruses). We also review experimental tools that microbiota researchers use to conduct this work. Finally, we discuss future directions for studying the microbiota's relationship with age, including designing consistent, well-powered, longitudinal studies, performing robust statistical analyses and improving characterization of non-bacterial microorganisms.
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Hertiš Petek T, Petek M, Petek T, Marčun Varda N. Emerging Links between Microbiome Composition and Skin Immunology in Diaper Dermatitis: A Narrative Review. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 9:112. [PMID: 35053737 PMCID: PMC8775025 DOI: 10.3390/children9010112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Revised: 01/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Diaper dermatitis is a common type of irritant contact dermatitis occurring in infants and toddlers. Its occurrence is triggered by an unfavorable environment under the diaper, damage to skin integrity by fecal enzyme degradation, overhydration and disruption of the lipid bilayer structure facilitating the entry of irritants and microorganisms. In diaper dermatitis development, the central proinflammatory cytokines are IL-1α, IL-8 and TNF-α. The initial release of IL-1α and TNF-α starts a further cascade of pro-inflammatory chemo- and cytokines, resulting in inflammation and erythema of the skin. A recently recognized factor in diaper dermatitis is the composition of the skin microbiome; common pathogenic strains Candida albicans and Staphylococcus aureus are associated with skin irritation. The resulting impaired microbiome composition produces a local inflammatory response and may thus worsen the initial dermatitis clinical presentation and subsequent healing. Introduction of probiotics is an attractive treatment for microbiome modulation, which has shown success in other skin conditions in adults and children. Probiotics are thought to work as a protective shield against irritants, maintain low skin pH, secrete beneficial metabolites, and block pathogen invasion. There is preliminary evidence that certain probiotics given orally or topically could be used as a gentle intervention in diaper dermatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tjaša Hertiš Petek
- Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Center Maribor, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia; (T.P.); (N.M.V.)
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia;
| | - Maya Petek
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia;
| | - Tadej Petek
- Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Center Maribor, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia; (T.P.); (N.M.V.)
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia;
| | - Nataša Marčun Varda
- Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Center Maribor, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia; (T.P.); (N.M.V.)
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia;
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di Lorenzo R, Bernardi A, Grumetto L, Sacchi A, Avagliano C, Coppola S, de Giovanni di Santa Severina AF, Bruno C, Paparo L, Laneri S, Dini I. Phenylalanine Butyramide Is a New Cosmetic Ingredient with Soothing and Anti-Reddening Potential. Molecules 2021; 26:6611. [PMID: 34771020 PMCID: PMC8586959 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26216611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Human skin is colonized by diverse commensal microbes, making up the skin microbiota (SM), contributing to skin integrity and homeostasis. Many of the beneficial effects aroused by the SM are exerted by microbial metabolites such as short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), including butyric acid. The SCFAs can be used in cosmetic formulations against skin diseases to protect SM by preserving and/or restoring their natural balance. Unpleasant sensorial properties and unfavorable physico-chemical properties of butyrate strongly limit its cosmetic use. In contrast, some butyrate derivatives, including phenylalanine butyramide (C13H18N2O2, FBA), a solid form of butyric acid, are odorless while retaining the pharmacokinetic properties and safety profile of butyric acid. This study assessed the FBA's permeation across the skin and its soothing and anti-reddening potential to estimate its cosmetic application. The dosage method used to estimate FBA's levels was validated to be sure of analytical results. The FBA diffusion tests were estimated in vitro using a Franz-type vertical diffusion cell. The soothing action was evaluated in vivo by Colorimeter CL400, measuring the erythema index. The results suggest that the FBA represents an innovative way to exploit the benefits of butyric acid in the cosmetic fields since it cannot reach the bloodstream, is odorless, and has a significative soothing action (decrease the erythema index -15.7% after 30', and -17.8% after 60').
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Affiliation(s)
- Ritamaria di Lorenzo
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Via Domenico Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy; (R.d.L.); (A.B.); (L.G.); (A.S.); (C.A.)
| | - Antonietta Bernardi
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Via Domenico Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy; (R.d.L.); (A.B.); (L.G.); (A.S.); (C.A.)
| | - Lucia Grumetto
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Via Domenico Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy; (R.d.L.); (A.B.); (L.G.); (A.S.); (C.A.)
| | - Antonia Sacchi
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Via Domenico Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy; (R.d.L.); (A.B.); (L.G.); (A.S.); (C.A.)
| | - Carmen Avagliano
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Via Domenico Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy; (R.d.L.); (A.B.); (L.G.); (A.S.); (C.A.)
| | - Serena Coppola
- Department of Translational Medical Science, University of Naples Federico II, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (S.C.); (A.F.d.G.d.S.S.); (C.B.); (L.P.)
- ImmunoNutritionLab at the CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate s.c.ar.l Research Center, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Anna Fiorenza de Giovanni di Santa Severina
- Department of Translational Medical Science, University of Naples Federico II, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (S.C.); (A.F.d.G.d.S.S.); (C.B.); (L.P.)
- ImmunoNutritionLab at the CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate s.c.ar.l Research Center, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Cristina Bruno
- Department of Translational Medical Science, University of Naples Federico II, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (S.C.); (A.F.d.G.d.S.S.); (C.B.); (L.P.)
- ImmunoNutritionLab at the CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate s.c.ar.l Research Center, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Lorella Paparo
- Department of Translational Medical Science, University of Naples Federico II, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (S.C.); (A.F.d.G.d.S.S.); (C.B.); (L.P.)
- ImmunoNutritionLab at the CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate s.c.ar.l Research Center, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Sonia Laneri
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Via Domenico Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy; (R.d.L.); (A.B.); (L.G.); (A.S.); (C.A.)
| | - Irene Dini
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Via Domenico Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy; (R.d.L.); (A.B.); (L.G.); (A.S.); (C.A.)
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Early development of the skin microbiome: therapeutic opportunities. Pediatr Res 2021; 90:731-737. [PMID: 32919387 PMCID: PMC7952468 DOI: 10.1038/s41390-020-01146-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Revised: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
As human skin hosts a diverse microbiota in health and disease, there is an emerging consensus that dysregulated interactions between host and microbiome may contribute to chronic inflammatory disease of the skin. Neonatal skin is a unique habitat, structurally similar to the adult but with a different profile of metabolic substrates, environmental stressors, and immune activity. The surface is colonized within moments of birth with a bias toward maternal strains. Initial colonists are outcompeted as environmental exposures increase and host skin matures. Nonetheless, early life microbial acquisitions may have long-lasting effects on health through modulation of host immunity and competitive interactions between bacteria. Microbial ecology and its influence on health have been of interest to dermatologists for >50 years, and an explosion of recent interest in the microbiome has prompted ongoing investigations of several microbial therapeutics for dermatological disease. In this review, we consider how recent insight into the host and microbial factors driving development of the skin microbiome in early life offers new opportunities for therapeutic intervention. IMPACT: Advancement in understanding molecular mechanisms of bacterial competition opens new avenues of investigation into dermatological disease. Primary development of the skin microbiome is determined by immunological features of the cutaneous habitat. Understanding coordinated microbial and immunological development in the pediatric patient requires a multidisciplinary synthesis of primary literature.
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8
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Boxberger M, Cenizo V, Cassir N, La Scola B. Challenges in exploring and manipulating the human skin microbiome. MICROBIOME 2021; 9:125. [PMID: 34053468 PMCID: PMC8166136 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-021-01062-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The skin is the exterior interface of the human body with the environment. Despite its harsh physical landscape, the skin is colonized by diverse commensal microbes. In this review, we discuss recent insights into skin microbial populations, including their composition and role in health and disease and their modulation by intrinsic and extrinsic factors, with a focus on the pathobiological basis of skin aging. We also describe the most recent tools for investigating the skin microbiota composition and microbe-skin relationships and perspectives regarding the challenges of skin microbiome manipulation. Video abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manon Boxberger
- IRD, AP-HM, MEPHI, Aix Marseille Université, Marseille, France
- IHU-Méditerranée Infection, 19-21 Boulevard Jean Moulin, 13385 Marseille Cedex 05, France
| | - Valérie Cenizo
- Groupe L’Occitane, R&D Department, Zone Industrielle Saint Maurice, 4100 Manosque, Alpes-de Haute-Provence France
| | - Nadim Cassir
- IRD, AP-HM, MEPHI, Aix Marseille Université, Marseille, France
- IHU-Méditerranée Infection, 19-21 Boulevard Jean Moulin, 13385 Marseille Cedex 05, France
| | - Bernard La Scola
- IRD, AP-HM, MEPHI, Aix Marseille Université, Marseille, France
- IHU-Méditerranée Infection, 19-21 Boulevard Jean Moulin, 13385 Marseille Cedex 05, France
- IRD, AP-HM, SSA, VITROME, Aix Marseille Université, Marseille, France
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9
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Xue Y, Li Q, Park CG, Klena JD, Anisimov AP, Sun Z, Wei X, Chen T. Proteus mirabilis Targets Atherosclerosis Plaques in Human Coronary Arteries via DC-SIGN (CD209). Front Immunol 2021; 11:579010. [PMID: 33488579 PMCID: PMC7820866 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.579010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial DNAs are constantly detected in atherosclerotic plaques (APs), suggesting that a combination of chronic infection and inflammation may have roles in AP formation. A series of studies suggested that certain Gram-negative bacteria were able to interact with dendritic cell-specific intercellular adhesion molecule-3-grabbing non-integrin [DC-SIGN; cluster of differentiation (CD) 209] or langerin (CD207), thereby resulting in deposition of CD209s at infection sites. We wondered if Proteus mirabilis (a member of Proteobacteria family) could interact with APs through CD209/CD207. In this study, we first demonstrated that CD209/CD207 were also receptors for P. mirabilis that mediated adherence and phagocytosis by macrophages. P. mirabilis interacted with fresh and CD209s/CD207-expressing APs cut from human coronary arteries, rather than in healthy and smooth arteries. These interactions were inhibited by addition of a ligand-mimic oligosaccharide and the coverage of the ligand, as well as by anti-CD209 antibody. Finally, the hearts from an atherosclerotic mouse model contained higher numbers of P. mirabilis than that of control mice during infection-challenging. We therefore concluded that the P. mirabilis interacts with APs in human coronary arteries via CD209s/CD207. It may be possible to slow down the progress of atherosclerosis by blocking the interactions between CD209s/CD207 and certain atherosclerosis-involved bacteria with ligand-mimic oligosaccharides.
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MESH Headings
- Adult
- Aged
- Animals
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/pharmacology
- Antigens, CD/metabolism
- Bacterial Adhesion/drug effects
- CHO Cells
- Cell Adhesion Molecules/antagonists & inhibitors
- Cell Adhesion Molecules/metabolism
- Coronary Artery Disease/drug therapy
- Coronary Artery Disease/metabolism
- Coronary Artery Disease/microbiology
- Coronary Artery Disease/pathology
- Coronary Vessels/drug effects
- Coronary Vessels/metabolism
- Coronary Vessels/microbiology
- Coronary Vessels/pathology
- Cricetulus
- Disease Models, Animal
- Female
- Host-Pathogen Interactions
- Humans
- Lectins, C-Type/antagonists & inhibitors
- Lectins, C-Type/metabolism
- Ligands
- Macrophages/drug effects
- Macrophages/metabolism
- Macrophages/microbiology
- Male
- Mannose-Binding Lectins/metabolism
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout, ApoE
- Middle Aged
- Oligosaccharides/pharmacology
- Plaque, Atherosclerotic
- Proteus mirabilis/growth & development
- Proteus mirabilis/metabolism
- RAW 264.7 Cells
- Receptors, Cell Surface/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Cell Surface/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Xue
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qiao Li
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Chae Gyu Park
- Laboratory of Immunology, Brain Korea 21 FOUR Project for Medical Science, Institute for Immunology and Immunological Diseases, Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - John D. Klena
- Division of Global Health Protection, Center for Global Health, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Andrey P. Anisimov
- Laboratory for Plague Microbiology, State Research Center for Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, Especially Dangerous Infections Department, Obolensk, Russia
| | - Ziyong Sun
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Sciences and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiang Wei
- Division of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Tie Chen
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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10
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Variation of cultured skin microbiota in mothers and their infants during the first year postpartum. Pediatr Dermatol 2020; 37:1278. [PMID: 32885863 DOI: 10.1111/pde.14248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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11
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Abstract
The skin microbial communities, i.e., the microbiota, play a major role in skin barrier function so must remain dynamic to adapt to the changes in the niche environment that occur across the different body sites throughout the human lifespan. This review provides an overview of the major alterations occurring in the skin microbiome (microbial and genomic components) during the various stages of life, beginning with its establishment in the first weeks of life through to what is known about the microbiome in older populations. Studies that have helped identify the factors that most influence skin microbiome function, structure, and composition during the various life stages are highlighted, and how alterations affecting the delicate balance of the microbiota communities may contribute to variations in normal physiology and lead to skin disease is discussed. This review underlines the importance of improving our understanding of the skin microbiome in populations of all ages to gain insights into the pathophysiology of skin diseases and to allow better monitoring and targeted treatment of more vulnerable populations.
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